Academic literature on the topic 'Proline content'
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Journal articles on the topic "Proline content"
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Kuo, C. G., H. M. Chen, and L. H. Ma. "Effect of High Temperature on Proline Content in Tomato Floral Buds and Leaves." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 111, no. 5 (1986): 746–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.111.5.746.
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Abstract The proline contents of anthers, pollen, pistils, and leaves were examined in several tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivars under different temperature conditions. The proline content in anthers increased with advancing development of floral buds to a maximum at anthesis. The pistil contained less proline than the anthers and did not accumulate proline with advancement of floral bud development in most cultivars. High temperature reduced proline content in anthers regardless of the stages of floral bud development. It also tended to reduce proline content in pistils of later floral bud stage. The proline content of the leaves was lower than that of anthers or pistils; however, high temperature increased the proline level in the leaves. Pollen collected from the hot-season planting contained less proline than that collected from the cool-season planting. The addition of proline to germination medium enhanced pollen germination rate and increased pollen resistance to heat. These results suggest that the low proline accumulation in anthers and pollen at high temperature may be the result of the high accumulation in the leaves. Also, high proline content in anthers may be necessary to confer heat resistance to pollen germinating at high temperatures.
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Murakeözy, Éva Patricia, Zoltán Nagy, and Zoltán Tuba. "Proline Accumulation Pattern in Species of an Inland Salme Habitat." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 54, no. 9-10 (1999): 718–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1999-9-1016.
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Seasonal and diurnal fluctuations were measured in the leaf proline content of three dicot species ( Lim onium gmelini, Lepidium crassifolium and Camphorosma annua), natives to an inland saline area of Hungary. Proline contents were negatively correlated to the mean monthly temperature in all three species. All the investigated species accumulated proline in February and/or March, while increases in temperature were followed by a drop in proline level by the beginning of April/May. Sodium accumulation in the leaves as well as soil water content influenced the amount of proline to a smaller extent than temperature in all of the investigated species. Accumulation of proline did not show significant correlations with the accumulation of sodium in the leaves. Diurnal pattern of leaf proline content changed during the growing season with a decreasing trend at the beginning (April) and increasing trend at the end (August) of the season
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Iqra, Nowsherwan, Shabbir Ghulam, Imran Malik Saad, Ilyas Muhammad, and Mahmood Cheema Nasir. "Selection of Wheat Genotype(S) for Drought Stress Based on Physiological Traits." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 17, no. 3 (2017): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.9734/IJPSS/2017/33720.
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Wheat, the world’s third important cereal, is cultivated in Pakistan both in irrigated and rainfed areas. One of the major constraints of wheat production in rainfed area is drought that needs to be addressed. Although many genotypes were released that were tolerant to drought stress by improving various physiological traits but there is a need to lessen the effects of drought to boost wheat productivity. The present study was designed to identify genotype(s) suitable under drought stress by analyzing various physiological traits such as relative water content, cell membrane stability, proline content and chlorophyll content under drought stress. The research material consisted of sixteen different wheat genotypes. The experiment was planted during winter 2013-14 following RCBD with three replications. Drought stress was induced by withholding water during heading and anthesis stages. High heritability, observed for relative water content, proline content and cell membrane stability, indicated that selection would be effective for these traits as they are heritable to next generation. Correlation analysis revealed that cell membrane stability and proline content were negatively correlated with relative water content while proline content was positively correlated with cell membrane stability. Yield was only positively correlated with chlorophyll content. Among tested wheat genotypes, Maxi-Pak, Chakwal 50 and WC 20 were identified as potential varieties that can be used in future wheat breeding programme for rainfed conditions.
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Carvalho, Luciana Marques de, Stela Braga de Araújo, Hélio Wilson Lemos de Carvalho, and Claudio Guilherme Portela de Carvalho. "Proline content of sunflower cultivars in the Brazilian semiarid region." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 53, no. 8 (2018): 970–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018000800012.
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Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the proline content of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) cultivars, in the conditions of natural water deficit in the Brazilian semiarid region. Thirteen cultivars were sown in experiments set in three sites in the Brazilian Northeast. Proline content was determined on leaves from plants at the R4-R5 stage. Significant differences among cultivars occurred only where water availability was lower. Proline averages ranged from 3.47 to 17.41 μg g-1. The sunflower cultivars BRS387, BRS323, and BRS324 showed the greatest proline contents with 54.74, 46.27, and 35.16 μg g-1, respectively. These are the cultivars that accumulate more proline under conditions of a severe water deficit.
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H, VIJAYARAGHAVAN. "SEASONAL VARIATION IN PROLINE CONTENT IN CERTAIN BANANA VARIETIES." Madras Agricultural Journal 85, December (1998): 580–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00806.
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The seasonal fluctuation in proline content in 11 banana varieties belonging to three genomic groups were studied. The proline content increased from March to June und the started declining irrespective of the varieties. Among the three genomic groups ABB record higher amount of proline accumulation during June than the other two groups (AAA and AAB). Drought was observed during the months of April. May and June in the crop growing period of March to August. During this period. the accumulation of proline occurred and there was variation in proline accumulation among the varieties studied. The highest accumulation of 265 ug/g of proline was recorded in Karpooravalli followed hy 260 ug/g in Monthan suggesting that the ABB types have better tolerance to drought than AAA or AAB. The number of functional leaves, height and girth of pseudostem were also high in Karpooravalli and Monthan than in other varieties. The decline in proline content immediately on receipt of monsoon was more pronounced in Karpooravalls and Monthan indicating the better diversification of the accumulated proline for protein synthesis
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Djukic, Nevena, Stefan Markovic, Jasna Mastilovic, and Predrag Simovic. "Differences in proline accumulation between wheat varieties in response to heat stress." Botanica Serbica 45, no. 1 (2021): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/botserb2101061d.
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Proline is one of the organic osmolytes that accumulates in plants in response to stressful environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of proline in the grain filling phase in ten winter wheat cultivars under conditions of prolonged periods of air temperatures above 30?C and to assess the variability of wheat variety responses. The correlation between proline accumulation and photosynthetic pigments, accumulated starch and yield was also determined. In the experimental field, flag leaves were sampled for each variety in the grain filling phase. Statistical data analysis and parameter correlation were performed using the SPSS program. The results showed that there is a statistically significant difference between proline values in moderate and high air temperature conditions when proline accumulation occurs. The significant correlation of accumulated starch content and yield with proline concentration showed that in addition to higher proline values under heat stress, wheat varieties Apac, Talas and Futura also have higher yield and starch content. A correlation was also found between proline concentration and photosynthetic pigment contents, where the Apac wheat variety showed the best adaptive response to the investigated traits and was characterized by a smaller reduction in photosynthetic pigment content under heat stress. The interrelation of proline with the photosynthetic pigment content and wheat quality parameters may be important in breeding technologies aimed at improving wheat stress tolerance.
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Kravic, Natalija, Sukalovic Hadzi-Taskovic, Vojka Babic, Jelena Srdic, Jelena Mesarovic, and Violeta Andjelkovic. "Maize seedling performance as a potential index for drought tolerance." Archives of Biological Sciences 70, no. 1 (2018): 167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs170504036k.
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Twenty-six maize landraces were tested in order to evaluate maize seedling performance as an index for drought tolerance in adult plants. Samples were subjected to polyethylene glycol-induced osmotic stress at the early seedling stage. Grain yield was obtained in field experiments under well-watered (OC) and a combination of drought and high plant density (HD) conditions. Osmotic stress caused a reduction in seedling growth (length, fresh and dry weight), and increase in the shoot and in particular the root proline contents in the majority of landraces, and variations in root peroxidase (POD) activity. Genotypes displaying more pronounced root growth reduction and higher proline contents exhibited decreased POD activity under osmotic stress. Direct positive correlations between the proline content and growth inhibition, and between the proline and soluble protein content were established. Correlations between the changes in POD activity and growth parameters were significant and positive, and significant but negative with the changes in the proline content. In the field, water stress led to a reduction in grain yield in all of the tested landraces. Correlations between grain yield from both experimental sets (OC and HD) and osmotic-induced changes in seedling root growth were negative, which was opposite to the highly significant and positive correlations between the changes in the seedling root proline content and yield. Also, genotypes with the highest seedling root proline content increase under osmotic stress, exhibited the highest stress tolerance index (STI) based on grain yield achieved under both field conditions. Our results indicate that lower changes in POD activity and especially an increased proline content after exposure to osmotic stress during the early seedling stage could be considered as useful indices to facilitate selection efficiency for drought tolerance in adult plants.
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Janská, A., S. Zelenková, M. Klíma, M. Vyvadilová, and T. I. Prášil. "Freezing tolerance and proline content of in vitro selected hydroxyproline resistant winter oilseed rape." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 46, No. 1 (2010): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/52/2009-cjgpb.
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Twelve doubled haploid (DH) winter oilseed rape plants with altered levels of proline and/or freezing tolerance were obtained by in vitro selection for resistance to trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline (Hyp) in five segregating microspore populations. No significant response to selection either in proline content or in freezing tolerance, compared with the non-selected control populations, was observed. When data from all examined materials were combined, a weak correlation between proline content and freezing tolerance was observed.
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Anjorin, F. B., S. A. Adejumo, L. Agboola, and Y. D. Samuel. "Proline, Soluble Sugar, Leaf Starch and Relative Water Contents of Four Maize Varieties in Response to Different Watering Regimes." Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 49, no. 3 (2016): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cerce-2016-0025.
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the response of four maize varieties to different simulated watering regimes in term of proline, starch and soluble sugar contents as well as relative water content. Maize seeds were planted in 64 plastic pots of 20 litre capacity, arranged in a factorial fitted in completely randomized design (CRD), with four replications in the screen house of the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training (I.A.R&T), Moor Plantation Ibadan. The watering was done based on the designated field capacities (FC) of 25, 50, 75 and 100%. Fresh leaf samples were collected five weeks after planting and at the end of each stress period. The proline, soluble sugar, leaf starch and the relative water contents in the leaves were estimated. The results obtained showed that watering regime significantly influenced the leaf starch, soluble sugar, proline and relative water contents. The varieties also differ significantly in the proline, soluble sugar content, leaf starch and the relative water contents. Watering regime and variety interaction was significant for soluble sugar, starch, proline and the relative water content. Highest soluble sugar of 1.28 mg/g and proline of 35.70 μmol/g FW were obtained when FC was 25% and lowest when watering level was optimum. The starch and relative water contents were optimum under full watering (100% FC) and lowest when field capacity was 25%. Variations were observed with regards to different maize varieties. ART98SW6-OB accumulated the highest quantity of soluble sugar and proline under 25 and 50% field capacities alongside DTESYN, which is a drought tolerant maize variety. It could be concluded that water stress increased production of soluble sugar and proline, while water availability increases relative water content and favors starch accumulation. The consideration of these metabolites alongside other physiological features is a very fast and reliable method for drought tolerant plant selection even at the plant seedling growth stage.
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Khoma, Y. A., O. G. Nesterenko, N. K. Kutsokon, L. V. Khudolieieva, V. V. Shevchenko, and N. M. Rashydov. "Proline content in the leaves of poplar and willow under water deficit." Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems 12, no. 3 (2021): 519–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/022171.
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Water deficiency is one of the most important abiotic factors limiting the growth and productivity of plants. Under conditions of water deficiency, plants can synthesize osmoprotectors, in particular proline. The aim of our work was to estimate the accumulation of free proline in the leaves of two poplar clones ‘Slava Ukrainy’, ‘Guliver’ and willow clone ‘Pechalna’ in water-deficient conditions. Plants were grown outdoors, providing protection from the rain with a plastic wrap, with a differentiated watering: normal watering –100% (control) and water deficit – 75%, 50 % and 25% moisture by volume from the control. The content of free proline was determined by a modified Bates method by measuring the optical density of the ninhydrin-proline solution on a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 520 nm. Experimental observations have shown that the total content of proline differs among poplar and willow clones. The poplar ‘Guliver’ had a lower content of proline compared to the poplar ‘Slava Ukrainy’ and the willow ‘Pechalna’. The level of free proline also differed between the samples of poplar ‘Guliver’ in the first and second years of growth under water deficiency. However, on the 30th day of treatment we did not find any differences in the content of proline between the stressed and control plants. Thus, the clone factor has the only obvious effects on proline content while the factor of water regime showed no effects on the level of proline. We hypothesize that water deficiency is more likely to alter proline levels as a shorter time response to stress than the terms we applied.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Proline content"
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Munshaw, Gregg C. "Nutritional and PGR effects on lipid unsaturation, osmoregulant content, and relation to bermudagrass cold hardiness." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/11106.
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Winter injury of bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) continues to be a problem across the transition zone. In an attempt to delay or induce winter dormancy while maintaining cold hardiness, applications of seaweed extract (SWE) (0.54 kg ha-1), ethephon (16 L ha-1), Fe (1 kg ha-1), and N (49 kg ha-1) took place every three weeks during the fall of 2001 and 2002. Cultivars examined included 'Riviera', 'Midiron', 'Princess', and 'Tifway'. Tifway exhibited greatest fall color retention in both years of the study. Ethephon promoted early senescence and turfgrass quality during fall ratings in both years of the study while N, Fe, and SWE increased quality over the control in 2001 and only N showed better quality and color retention over the control in 2002. Samples removed from cold acclimated plots were artificially frozen as a measure of cold hardiness. Treatments did not have an effect on post freeze regrowth, however, cultivar was significant in both years. Midiron showed best regrowth followed by Riviera, Tifway, and Princess. In both years Riviera and Midiron displayed the quickest and greatest amount of spring greenup followed by Tifway and then Princess. Ethephon reduced greenup in both years and SWE, Fe, and N showed no differences from the control in 2001 and Fe showed significantly better greenup in 2002. Proline and Linolenic acid levels were highest in Midiron, followed by Riviera, Tifway, and Princess. Nitrogen, SWE, and Fe generally did not have an effect on linolenic acid and no consistent effects were noted on proline concentration. Ethephon treatments did not have an effect on linolenic acid levels, however, there was a negative effect on proline concentrations. The results of this study indicate that judicial N applications during the fall can promote color retention and do not have a negative effect on bermudagrass cold-tolerance. Linolenic acid and proline findings also help to explain differences in cold-tolerance between different bermudagrass cultivars.<br>Ph. D.
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Muzammil, Shumaila [Verfasser]. "Genetic dissection of shoot traits and proline content under control and drought conditions in barley / Shumaila Muzammil." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1163013226/34.
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Felisberto, Guilherme. "Caracterização de respostas morfológicas e fisiológicas de plantas de soja submetidas a estresse hídrico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-16032016-145836/.
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A cultura de soja (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) é muito importante mundialmente em função de seu uso na alimentação animal, como principal fonte de proteína e óleo, além de constituir a matéria prima básica para diversos setores da indústria. Sabe-se que a produtividade potencial de uma cultura é determinada por fatores genéticos e pelos seguintes atributos do ambiente de produção: temperatura, radiação solar, dióxido de carbono e fotoperíodo, sem restrição de água, nutrientes, plantas daninhas, pragas e doenças. A disponibilidade hídrica afeta o crescimento e desenvolvimento da cultura de soja, especialmente durante o período reprodutivo, fase de elevada atividade fisiológica. A deficiência hídrica é o principal fator limitante da produção mundial da cultura, que em sua maioria é cultivada em sistema de sequeiro em áreas com consideráveis riscos de ocorrência de deficit hídrico ao longo do ciclo da cultura. As plantas, ao longo do tempo, desenvolveram mecanismos para tolerar e/ou evitar os efeitos negativos desse estresse. O presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar esses mecanismos de tolerância associando-os ao potencial matricial do solo em processo de secagem. Foi avaliado a umidade gravimétrica e potencial matricial do solo, conteúdo relativo de água na folha, potencial hídrico foliar, prolina e caracteres relacionados à produção de plantas de soja, durante o período de enchimento de grãos, submetidas a três, seis, nove e doze dias sem irrigação, comparados com o controle irrigado diariamente. De acordo com o observado, os mecanismos de tolerância da soja à deficiência hídrica foram satisfatórios para a manutenção do conteúdo relativo de água e potencial hídrico foliar em níveis adequados até o valor de potencial matricial de água no solo de -0,8 atm, tendo a prolina papel importante nesse mecanismo. As avaliações hídricas, conteúdo relativo de água e potencial foliar se mostraram relacionados com a manutenção da produtividade de soja sob situação de deficiência hídrica, mostrando-se adequados para o estudo de tolerância de cultivares de soja à restrição hídrica.<br>Soybean crop (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is very important worldwide because it is used in animal feeding, a source of protein and oil, and also raw material for many manufactured goods. It is known that a crop potential yield is determined by genetic factors and by the following production environment characteristics: temperature, solar radiation, carbon dioxide, photoperiod, water availability, nutrients, weeds, pests and diseases. Water availability affects soybean growth and development especially during the reproductive phase which has high physiological activity. Water deficit is a key factor on world`s soybean production which is generally grown in dry land systems with considerable high risks of water deficit along soybean crop season. Plants have developed mechanisms over time to tolerate and/or avoid negative effects of this kind of stress. The present study had as the main goal to characterize these mechanisms of tolerance associating them with soil matric potential of a soil in a drying process. It was assessed the gravimetrical humidity and soil matric potential, leaf relative water content, leaf water potential, proline and yield component of plants under three, six, nine and twelve days without irrigation during grain filling phase. In accordance with the observed, soybean water deficit tolerance mechanisms were enough to maintain leaf relative water content and leaf water potential at acceptable levels until soil matric potential were around -0.8 atm, which proline was a key factor in this mechanism. Leaf relative water content and leaf water potential showed to be related in maintaining soybean yield under water deficit and they may be used in studies of soybean tolerant cultivars to water restriction.
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Francart, Céline. "Etude par resonance magnetique nucleaire de polypeptides contenant plusieurs prolines." Lille 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL2P269.
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Morel, Fabienne. "Etude des voies de dégradation des peptides contenant de la proline chez Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp bulgaricus CNRZ397." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10280.
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Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. Bulgaricus cnrz397 (l. Bulgaricus), comme d'autres bacteries lactiques, possede un systeme proteolytique lui permettant de degrader les caseines du lait, liberant ainsi les acides amines essentiels a sa croissance. Ce systeme proteolytique est constitue d'une endoprotease situee a la surface cellulaire et de nombreuses peptidases. L. Bulgaricus est auxotrophe pour la proline et presente de fortes activites peptidasiques specifiques des peptides contenant cet acide amine abondant dans les caseines. Ce travail montre que deux voies cataboliques des peptides contenant de la proline sont fonctionnelles chez l. Bulgaricus : la voie a, impliquant les peptidases pepx et pepq, et la voie b, impliquant les peptidases pepp et pepip. Nous avons etudie plus particulierement les relations structure-fonction de la proteine pepip, par l'analyse de 26 mutants obtenus par mutagenese aleatoire ou dirigee. Nous avons ainsi identifie la triade catalytique de cette serine-protease, ainsi que plusieurs domaines essentiels a l'activite enzymatique. Nous avons egalement isole et caracterise les genes pepx et pepq. Contrairement a d'autres peptidases de l. Bulgaricus, la biosynthese de pepq est soumise a deux mecanismes de regulation. Le premier est dependant de la composition du milieu de culture. Une sequence operatrice cre, caracteristique des genes soumis a la repression catabolique chez les bacteries a gram positif, a ete identifiee en amont du promoteur du gene pepq. Nous avons montre, a l'aide de fusions traductionnelles, que cette sequence n'a qu'un role mineur dans la regulation de l'expression du gene pepq. Le deuxieme mecanisme de regulation est dependant de la phase de la croissance bacterienne et necessite l'acidification du milieu de culture. Avec deux voies cataboliques des peptides contenant de la proline, l. Bulgaricus apparait particulierement bien adapte a un milieu tel que le lait.
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Beausoleil, Éric. "Interactions stériques à l'intérieur de peptides contenant des prolines non-naturelles." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ56460.pdf.
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Butler, Tony. "Physiological effects of drought on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)." Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1098.
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The Canterbury plains are frequently exposed to summer drought and climate predictions forecast that the severity and frequency of summer drought will increase. The most commonly used pasture grass, perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), is drought sensitive. One possible method to maintain sward dry matter (DM) production under water stress is to use an alternative grass species such as tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). The objective of this research was to compare summer DM production of monoculture swards of perennial ryegrass and tall fescue under various seasonal drought regimes to study physiological and biochemical drought responses of each species. Data were collected over a period of two-summer seasons, Season One (2006-2007) and Season Two (2007-2008) in an automated rain shelter at Lincoln, Canterbury. Drought treatments included exposure of plants to a spring or autumn drought or a four-weekly "irrigated" drought regime. DM yields of the two species were similar under each watering regime. The control treatment, under non-limiting conditions, has the highest accumulated yield in both Season One and Two for ryegrass (17.1 and 15.7 t DM ha⁻¹) and tall fescue (18.8 and 16.0 t DM ⁻¹) respectively. Spring and autumn drought treatments were similar for the two species in accumulated yield in either season, however the exposure to drought stress returned yields lower than the control. Consistently, the lowest-yielding treatment was the four-weekly irrigated drought, which resulted in an average yield across species in Season One of 10.1 t DM ha⁻¹ and 8.35 t DM ha⁻¹ in Season Two. Growth rates of the swards were calculated using accumulated DM production against accumulated thermal time using a base temperature of 3°C for both species. The control treatments showed a strong linear relationship for both species in both seasons, though Season Two showed a period of approximately 390 °Cd of no growth. Spring growth was similar for all treatments until October when both the spring drought and four-weekly irrigated treatment deviated from the control as water stress commenced. Growth also ceased under autumn drought later in the season. The physiological drought responses between species and among treatments differed. Tall fescue under control conditions had the highest photosynthesis rates of 20.5 µmol CO₂ m⁻² s⁻¹,or 22% higher than ryegrass, whereas the four-weekly irrigated treatment showed no inter-species differences. Differences were also found for other gas exchange parameters. Physiological water use efficiency (phys WUE) in ryegrass was 15% greater than tall fescue in Season Two. Photosynthesis and gas exchange rates against leaf water potential showed declining gas flow in both species across all treatments in response to drying soil conditions and across all irrigation treatments. The osmo-protectant proline was 22% higher in concentration in ryegrass than in tall fescue in Season Two and increased in drought stressed treatments in both seasons. Water stress was found to reduce total chlorophyll concentrations in all treatments and in tall fescue, while little change occurred in the chlorophyll a:b ratio. In conclusion, the findings from this thesis suggest similar DM responses for the two species under drought. The findings suggests that tall fescue performs more as a "water user" under drought conditions, compared with perennial ryegrass, which is more a "water saver." Resonses to the changing environment to a point, before "shuttting up shop" through lower stomatal conductance.
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Février, Francine. "Étude de microémulsions non ioniques comme agents de pénétration cutanée." Compiègne, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991COMPD434.
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Après un bref rappel des connaissances théoriques, la première partie de l'étude porte sur la formulation et les caractéristiques physico-chimiques de microémulsions de type non ioniques, en mettant en évidence les facteurs influençant leur formulation et leur stabilité. Une seconde partie évalue leur potentiel de promoteur d'absorption compte-tenu de leur bonne tolérance cutanée. Deux molécules ont été choisies pour ce test : un acide aminé hydrosoluble (la proline), et un dérivé stéroïdien liposoluble (œstradiol). Une étude préliminaire réalisée avec des microémulsions à base de surfactants amphotères relatait l'étude de la pénétration cutanée de la tyrosine. Les microémulsions augmentent l'absorption percutanée des acides aminés comparativement à une émulsion. Au contraire, ces systèmes augmentent l'effet réservoir de la peau vis-à-vis du stéroïde.
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Chassillan, Louis. "New Chiral Bifunctional Organocatalysts : Synthesis and Application in Enantioselective Reactions Under Batch and Continuous-Flow Conditions." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPASF027.
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Au cours des dernières années, l’organocatalyse asymétrique a connu un engouement sans précédent et de nombreux catalyseurs organiques ont été synthétisés dans le but d’effectuer des réactions plus rapides et plus sélectives. Cependant, étant donné la demande croissante de molécules chirales dans l’industrie, il demeure crucial de développer de nouveaux outils afin de rendre leur production plus efficace. Pour ce faire, l’utilisation de la catalyse bifonctionnelle apparait comme une évidence du fait de sa capacité à activer simultanément le nucléophile et l’électrophile et ainsi permettre un meilleur contrôle de la sélectivité. De plus, au cours des dernières années, le recyclage des catalyseurs est devenu une préoccupation importante. En effet, recycler les catalyseurs permet de réduire les coûts liés à l’extraction, au transport ou encore au traitement de ces derniers. C’est pourquoi, l’hétérogénéisation des catalyseurs chiraux semble être une approche attractive pour les applications industrielles. Nous avons donc décidé de concentrer nos efforts sur la synthèse de nouveaux catalyseurs organiques bifonctionnels homogènes et hétérogènes afin d’effectuer la synthèse de composés chiraux en batch et en flux-continu. Dans un premier temps, de nouveaux catalyseurs guanidine-thiourées ont été synthétisés et utilisés avec succès pour la réaction d’hydrophosphonylation asymétrique d’imines et l’addition-1,4 de malonates sur le trans-β-nitrostyrène. Dans un second temps le catalyseur le plus performant a été hétérogénéisé par polymérisation avec du styrène et utilisé pour la réaction d’hydrophosphonylation asymétrique d’imines en flux-continu. Enfin, de nouveaux catalyseurs de type proline-amide ont aussi été préparés et leurs efficacités ont été évaluées dans la réaction d’aldolisation entre l’acétone et la trifluoro acétophénone<br>Asymmetric organocatalysis field has known an important expansion in the past years and powerful synthetic tools have been developed to perform fast and selective reactions. However, regarding the increasing use of chiral molecules and drugs in the industry, especially in pharmaceutical industry, it is crucial to design new catalysts in order to synthesize valuable chiral molecules in a more efficient manner. For that, bifunctional organocatalysts appear to be an efficient approach as the synergistic activation of nucleophile and electrophile usually allows better control of the selectivity and shorter reaction times. Moreover, the reusability of catalysts has become a major concern in the recent years as recycling allows a significant reduction in resources commonly associated with extraction or transportation and processing of industrial catalysts. Therefore, the heterogenization of chiral catalysts seems to be a very attractive approach for industrial applications. Considering all those concerns, we decided to focus on synthesizing novel chiral bifunctional catalysts and heterogenizing them to perform heterogeneous catalysis under batch and continuous-flow conditions. In the first part, guanidine-thiourea catalysts were successfully synthesized and applied for the enantioselective hydrophosphonylation reaction of imines providing a large scope of α-amino phosphonates with high yields and high ee. The 1,4-Michael addition of malonates to trans-β-nitrostyrene was also investigated. In the second part, the newly synthesized guanidine-thiourea catalysts were heterogenized by polymerization with styrene and the resulting polymer was used for the asymmetric Pudovik reaction under continuous-flow conditions. Finally, new prolineamide catalysts were synthesized in the last part and their efficiency for the aldol reaction of trifluoro acetophenone and acetone was investigated
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MARINHO, Ketsia Sabrina do Nascimento. "Avaliação da toxicidade oral de microesferas de PLGA contendo ácido úsnico de Cladonia substellata (AHTI) sobre a prole de ratas wistar durante a organogênese." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17877.
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Previous issue date: 2016-02-26<br>CAPES<br>O ácido úsnico, composto resultante do metabolismo secundário liquênico apresenta relevantes atividades biológicas e diversos casos de hepatotoxicidade já relatados. O desenvolvimento de alternativas inovadoras, a exemplo da encapsulação do ácido úsnico em microesferas, permite aumentar a eficiência terapêutica e diminuir os seus efeitos tóxicos. Ensaios pré-clínicos sobre o ciclo reprodutivo são necessários para a incorporação de novas moléculas na indústria farmacêutica, determinando as condições de uso seguro para a saúde. Em vista disto, este trabalho objetivou a investigação do potencial teratogênico do ácido úsnico encapsulado em microesferas de copolímero de ácido láctico e glicólico, como uma maneira de minimizar os seus efeitos tóxicos no organismo em desenvolvimento. As microesferas contendo ácido úsnico foram preparadas utilizando a técnica de emulsão múltipla (A/O/A), seguida de evaporação do solvente, e caracterizadas através da eficiência de encapsulação. No estudo experimental de toxicidade foram utilizadas 12 ratas Wistar, que foram submetidas ao estudo do ciclo estral no intuito de se determinar o período fértil, e em seguida, pareadas com machos (2:1). Após a confirmação da gestação, as fêmeas foram distribuídas aleatoriamente em grupos, controle (n=6) e tratado (n=6). As fêmeas do grupo controle receberam 1,0 mL de solução fisiológica; e as do grupo tratado receberam doses orais de 25 mg/kg/dia de ácido úsnico encapsulado em microesferas (MS-AU) durante o período da organogênese, pela via oral de administração (gavagem). Ao 20° dia de gestação as fêmeas foram sacrificadas e seus fetos retirados, analisados e pesados juntamente com sua respectiva placenta. O efeito causado pelo tratamento com as MS-AU foi avaliado através da variação de peso corpóreo, peso do fígado, análises bioquímicas e análises histomorfométricas do fígado. As microesferas contendo ácido úsnico apresentaram-se com uma eficiência de encapsulação de 99,0 ± 0,82 %. Foi observada uma redução (86,12 ± 20,69) de cerca de 22% no ganho de peso durante a gestação quando comparado às ratas prenhes não tratadas (110,85 ± 10,03). Não houve diferença no peso dos fígados em todos os grupos de animais. Não houve alterações significativas nas enzimas aspartato aminotransferase e alanina aminotransferase após o tratamento dos animais com o MS-UA. Os fetos provenientes dos animas tratados com MS-AU durante a prenhez, apresentou uma diminuição significativa no peso médio (4,65 ± 0,41) em relação aos não tratados (4,85 ± 0,35), no entanto, não foi observado nenhum tipo de malformação externa. A análise microanatomia do fígado das ratas prenhes do grupo controle e grupo experimental estavam dentro dos padrões de normalidade. Apesar disso, as análises histomorfométricas revelaram um aumento no número total de hepatócitos, com médias celulares entre o grupo experimental e o controle (37,56 ± 7,94; 35,48 ± 6,00, respectivamente). Como também uma diminuição significativa no tamanho médio do núcleo destes hepatócitos (55,89 ± 13,00 μm2), quanto aos demais animais do grupo controle (58,25 ± 13,00 μm2). Porém, nenhuma alteração foi observada para as células de kupffer e área celular dos hepatócitos. Na análise histomorfométrica do fígado dos fetos obtidos das ratas prenhes expostas as MS-AU foi observado um aumento significativo (43,31 ± 7,17) de aproximadamente 13% na quantidade de hepatócitos em relação aos animais não tratados; e uma diminuição (0,04 ± 0,26) de cerca de 56% no número de megacariócitos, comparado ao grupo controle (0,09 ± 0,37). Os dados aqui apresentados demonstram que a administração de MS-AU na dose de 25 mg/kg é capaz de induzir fetotoxicidade no período da organogênese. Porém, não sendo suficiente ao ponto de causar efeitos teratogênicos como foi evidenciado para o composto na sua forma livre em estudos anteriores. Estes resultados sugerem que a encapsulação do ácido úsnico ajuda a diminuir os efeitos tóxicos causados pela sua exposição em um período tão suscetível ao aparecimento de efeitos teratogênicos.<br>The usnic acid it is a compound resulting from lichen secondary metabolism presents relevant biological activity and several cases of hepatotoxicity have been reported. The development of innovative alternatives, such as the encapsulation of usnic acid microspheres can increase the therapeutic efficiency and decrease its toxic effects. Pre-clinical trials of the reproductive cycle are required for the incorporation of new molecules in the pharmaceutical industry, determining the safe use of health conditions. In view of this, this study aimed to investigate the teratogenic potential of usnic acid encapsulated into poly(lactide-co-glicolide) microspheres as a way to minimize its toxic effects in the developing organism. Microspheres containing usnic acid was prepared using the technique of multiple emulsion (w/o/w), followed by evaporation of the solvent, and characterized by encapsulation efficiency. In experimental toxicity study we used 12 Wistar rats, which were subjected to the study of the estrous cycle in order to determine the fertile period, and then paired with males (2: 1). Upon confirmation of pregnancy, females were randomly assigned to groups: control (n = 6) and treated (n = 6). The control group of females received 1.0 mL of saline solution; and the treated group received oral doses of 25 mg/kg/day of usnic acid encapsulated in microspheres (MS-AU) during the period of organogenesis, by oral administration (gavage). The 20th day of gestation the females were sacrificed and their fetuses removed, analyzed and weighed along with their respective placenta. The effect caused by the treatment with MS-AU was evaluated by body weight variation, liver weight, biochemical analysis and histomorphometric liver analysis. Microspheres containing usnic acid presented with an encapsulation efficiency of 99.0 ± 0.82%. Was observed a reduction (86.12 ± 20.69) of about 22% weight gain during pregnancy when compared to untreated pregnant rats (110.85 ± 10.03). There was no difference in liver weights in all groups of animals. There were no significant changes in enzymes aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase after treatment of the animals with MS-AU. Fetuses from animals treated with MS-AU during pregnancy showed a significant decrease in weight average (4.65 ± 0.41) compared to untreated (4.85 ± 0.35), however, it was not observed any external malformations. The microanatomy of the liver of pregnant rats in the control group and experimental group were within normal limits. Despite this, histomorphometric analyzes revealed an increase in the total number of hepatocytes, with cells average between the experimental group and the control group (37.56 ± 7.94 μm2; 35.48 ± 6.00 μm2, respectively). As well as a significant decrease in the average size of the nucleus of these hepatocytes (55.89 ± 13.00) how much the other control group (58,25 ± 13,00). However, no change was observed for cells and Kupffer cell area of hepatocytes. The histomorphometric analysis of the liver of fetuses obtained from pregnant rats exposed the MS-AU was observed a significant increase (43.31 ± 7.17) of approximately 13% in the amount of hepatocytes compared to untreated animals; and a decrease (0.04 ± 0.26) of about 56% in the number of megakaryocytes, compared to the control group (0.09 ± 0.37). The data presented herein demonstrate that administration of MS-AU at the dose of 25 mg/kg is capable of inducing Fetotoxicity the period of organogenesis. However, it is not enough as to cause teratogenic effects as was evidenced for the compound in its free form in previous studies. These results suggest that the encapsulation of usnic acid helps to reduce the toxic effects caused by their exposure in a period as susceptible to the onset of teratogenic effects.
Books on the topic "Proline content"
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Zürn, Michael. Counter-Institutionalization in the Global Governance System. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198819974.003.0008.
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States increasingly contest international institutions by “counter-institutionalization.” This comes in two forms. Counter-Institutionalization by Incumbent States (CMALL 4) means regime shifting and competitive regime creation. Incumbent states build and use parallel governance forums, especially when the dominant institution exercises authority on the basis of the “one-state, one-vote” principle. In that way, Western states insist on institutionalized inequality, asking for a global governance system that gives them a privileged role and allows for double standards. The costs of this strategy are significant. Rising powers also use the strategy of counter-institutionalization. They aim at changing existing, Western-biased institutions. Counter-Institutionalization by Rising Powers (CMALL 3) aims at voice—not at exit or loyalty. At the same time, there is an ongoing suspicion that stronger international institutions are instruments of Western dominance and help to prolong an unequal distribution of benefits. This tension leads to ambiguous responses, unified by the struggle against institutionalized inequality.
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Bynum, W. F., and Helen Bynum, eds. Dictionary of Medical Biography. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216193265.
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Treating and preventing disease has always been one of the most important tasks in a society, and that task ultimately falls to one of the most respected and admired figures in any culture—the healer. This respect is understandable —medical practictioners ease pain, prolong life, and prevent disesase, making them among the most important figures in the daily lives of people everywhere. TheDictionary of Medical Biographyprovides authoritative biographical coverage of major medical practitioners in all times and cultures. While its emphasis is on practitioners within the Western medical tradition, it also covers practitioners of alternative medicines, as well as major figures within traditional Chinese, Indian, and Islamic medicine. In addition, special essays survey these medical traditions, which are more difficult to appreciate within a biographical framework. Overall, theDictionary of Medical Biographyconcentrates on the nuances of medical practice, and the social context within which ideas of health, disease, and therapy exist. The most complete work of its kind, theDictionary of Medical Biographyis essential for any library that serves those who seek to understand the importance of medicine in the lives of people everywhere.
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Stapleton, Timothy J. A History of Genocide in Africa. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400664786.
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Based on a series of detailed case studies, this book presents the history of genocide in Africa within the specific context of African history, examining conflicts in countries such as Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Namibia, Rwanda, and Sudan. Why has Africa been the subject of so many accusations related to genocide? Indeed, the number of such allegations related to Africa has increased dramatically over the past 15 years. Popular racist mythology might suggest that Africans belong to "tribes" that are inherently antagonistic towards each other and therefore engage in "tribal warfare" which cannot be rationally explained. This concept is wrong, as Timothy J. Stapleton explains in A History of Genocide in Africa: the many conflicts that have plagued post-colonial Africa have had very logical explanations, and very few of these instances of African warring can be said to have resulted in genocide. Authored by an expert historian of Africa, this book examines the history of six African countries–Namibia, Rwanda, Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Sudan, and Nigeria–in which the language of genocide has been mobilized to describe episodes of tragic mass violence. It seeks to place genocide within the context of African history, acknowledging the few instances where the international legal term genocide has been applied appropriately to episodes of mass violence in African history and identifying the many other cases where it has not and instead the term has been used in a cynical manipulation to gain some political advantage. Readers will come to understand how, to a large extent, genocide accusations related to post-colonial Africa have often served to prolong wars and cause greater loss of life. The book also clarifies how in areas of Africa where genocides have actually occurred, there appears to have been a common history of the imposition of racial ideologies and hierarchies during the colonial era–which when combined with other factors such as the local geography, demography, religion, and/or economics, resulted in tragic and appalling outcomes.
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Depa, Larisse, Larissa Depa, Crhisllane Vasconcelos, Vagner Fonseca, and Diego Frias. Estudo do uso de códons nos vírus da Dengue, Zika e Chikungunya com foco em terapia por inibição seletiva de tRNAs contra arboviroses. Edited by Diego Mariano. Alfahelix, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51780/978-6-5992753-3-3.
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O vírus da dengue (DENV), o vírus da Zika (ZIKV) e o vírus da chikungunya (CHIKV) são espécies que apresentam relevância clínica para a saúde pública. Porém, ainda não existe um tratamento específico ou vacina disponível para esses arbovírus. Nesse contexto, é fundamental encontrar novos alvos terapêuticos que possam auxiliar estratégias e tratamentos mais eficientes. A metodologia de codon usage tem demonstrado bons resultados para encontrar alvos para terapias que visam inibidores de tradução. Este estudo buscou analisar o uso de códons e o equilíbrio entre a abundância relativa dos RNAs transportadores (tRNAs) para encontrar alvos terapêuticos que irão estimular novas alternativas de tratamento para infecções causadas pelos DENV, ZIKV e CHIKV. Para tanto, foi replicada uma estratégia computacional, assumindo uma terapia hipotética de inibição seletiva de tRNA (Selective Transport RNA Inhibition Therapy - STRIT), onde foi estabelecido um índice de potencial terapêutico (T-score) para encontrar potenciais espécies de tRNA que poderiam ser inibidas seletivamente para atenuar a replicação viral na célula hospedeira. Foram identificados os cinco códons com maior frequência relativa vírus/hospedeiro (mais relevantes para o vírus) nas seis espécies de arbovírus, notando que todos terminam com purinas A ou G. Os códons GGA (Glicina), AGA (Arginina) e ATA (Isoleucina) são relevantes em todos os flavivirus (ZIKV, DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, DENV-4), mas não no alphavirus CHIKV, onde os códons ACG (Treonina) e CCG (Prolina) são os mais relevantes. Posteriormente, selecionando os cinco códons com maiores T-score nas seis espécies virais (30 códons em total) encontramos apenas 11 códons diferentes, todos terminados com A ou G. Agrupados segundo o nucleotídeo na primeira posição do códon estes 11 códons são: (AGA, ACA, ATA, ACG), (GGA, GCA, GTA, GCG), (CTA, CCG) e (TGG). No agrupamento, notamos outro fato intrigante: que 10 dos 11 códons mais bem ranqueados por T-score, terminam com GA, CA, TA ou CG. Nosso método identificou as espécies de tRNA (através da identificação do códon cognato com maior T-score), cuja inibição funcional por qualquer método específico a anticódon, poderia ter potenciais efeitos terapêuticos em células infectadas pelo vírus da Dengue, Zika e Chikungunya causando a inibição da tradução das proteínas do vírus sem ter um efeito deletério na sobrevivência das células hospedeiras durante o período da infeção. A predominância absoluta dos nucleotídeos A e G na terceira posição dos 11 códons com maior T-score, que por sua vez indica uma preferência dos arbovírus por 11 espécies de tRNA com C ou T na primeira posição do anticódon, abre um novo espaço de pesquisa na interação vírus-hospedeiro.
Book chapters on the topic "Proline content"
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Senthilkumar, M., N. Amaresan, and A. Sankaranarayanan. "Estimation of Proline Content in Plant Tissues." In Springer Protocols Handbooks. Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1080-0_22.
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He, Wenliang, Peng Li, and Guoyao Wu. "Amino Acid Nutrition and Metabolism in Chickens." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54462-1_7.
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AbstractBoth poultry meat and eggs provide high-quality animal protein [containing sufficient amounts and proper ratios of amino acids (AAs)] for human consumption and, therefore, play an important role in the growth, development, and health of all individuals. Because there are growing concerns about the suboptimal efficiencies of poultry production and its impact on environmental sustainability, much attention has been paid to the formulation of low-protein diets and precision nutrition through the addition of low-cost crystalline AAs or alternative sources of animal-protein feedstuffs. This necessitates a better understanding of AA nutrition and metabolism in chickens. Although historic nutrition research has focused on nutritionally essential amino acids (EAAs) that are not synthesized or are inadequately synthesized in the body, increasing evidence shows that the traditionally classified nutritionally nonessential amino acids (NEAAs), such as glutamine and glutamate, have physiological and regulatory roles other than protein synthesis in chicken growth and egg production. In addition, like other avian species, chickens do not synthesize adequately glycine or proline (the most abundant AAs in the body but present in plant-source feedstuffs at low content) relative to their nutritional and physiological needs. Therefore, these two AAs must be sufficient in poultry diets. Animal proteins (including ruminant meat & bone meal and hydrolyzed feather meal) are abundant sources of both glycine and proline in chicken nutrition. Clearly, chickens (including broilers and laying hens) have dietary requirements for all proteinogenic AAs to achieve their maximum productivity and maintain optimum health particularly under adverse conditions such as heat stress and disease. This is a paradigm shift in poultry nutrition from the 70-year-old “ideal protein” concept that concerned only about EAAs to the focus of functional AAs that include both EAAs and NEAAs.
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Nouri, Tayeb, Houcine Abdelhakim Reguieg Yssaad, Hadj Bouyahia, Keira Nouar, Nabil Ghenami, and Ahmed Latigu. "Effect of Salinity and Compost of Aleppo Pine Pinus halepensis L on the Proline and Chlorophyll Content of the Bean Vicia faba L Minor." In Recent Advances in Environmental Science from the Euro-Mediterranean and Surrounding Regions. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70548-4_169.
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Alam, Muhammad, Michele Albano, Ayman Radwan, and Jonathan Rodriguez. "Context Parameter Prediction to Prolong Mobile Terminal Battery Life." In Mobile Multimedia Communications. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35155-6_38.
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Brini, Faical, Hassiba Bouazzi, Kaouthar Feki, and Walid Saibi. "The Proline Metabolism of Durum Wheat Dehydrin Transgenic Context and Salt Tolerance Acquisition in Arabidopsis thaliana." In Approaches for Enhancing Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351104722-20.
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Leung, David W. M. "Relationship Between Changes in Contents of Nitric Oxide and Amino Acids Particularly Proline in Plants Under Abiotic Stress." In Reactive Oxygen Species and Oxidative Damage in Plants Under Stress. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20421-5_14.
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Pimouguet-Pédarros, Isabelle. "Guerre, normes et transgressions dans le monde grec." In La transgression en temps de guerre. Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2021. https://doi.org/10.4000/13sfe.
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Les normes relatives aux conflits armés n’avaient pas le même sens selon s’il s’agissait de lois sacrées, d’usages liés au droit des populations (non-armées ou désarmées) ou encore de règles applicables à un mode de combat particulier. L’objet de cet article est de reconsidérer l’ensemble de ces normes, tant dans leur contenu que dans leur fondement, de réévaluer leur force contraignante et d’interroger leur pertinence face à l’évolution des formes de la guerre, et de la guerre de siège en particulier. En quelles circonstances furent-elles bafouées ? Comment des actes jugés transgressifs ont-ils pu avoir force de loi ? Si les exemples retenus s’appuient principalement sur la période classique, il n’en reste pas moins que le propos se prolonge au-delà en vue de comprendre le phénomène sur la durée.
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Cihan, Emine. "Physiotherapy in Oncologial Rehabilitation." In Oncological Rehabilitation a Handbook for Healthcare Professionals. Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053358893.4.
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The global increase in cancer diagnoses is accompanied by improving survival rates, largely due to advancements in treatment options. However, this rise in survival rates highlights the critical importance of addressing the myriad symptoms associated with the disease. To optimize functional capacity and enhance the quality of life for cancer patients, rehabilitation programs are becoming increasingly integral to their treatment. Achieving these objectives necessitates the involvement of rehabilitation specialists who are proficient in diagnosing and addressing the physical, psychological, and cognitive challenges faced by patients. This emphasis on comprehensive care underscores the necessity of an interdisciplinary team approach in oncologic rehabilitation. Interdisciplinary teamwork is crucial in oncologic rehabilitation. The integration of various healthcare professionals, including physiotherapists, occupational therapists, oncologists, psychologists, and nutritionists, ensures a holistic approach to patient care. This collaborative effort enhances the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs, ultimately leading to better patient outcomes. Historically, physiotherapy played a secondary role in the treatment of oncologic patients, primarily because high mortality rates limited opportunities for rehabilitation. The paradigm has shifted with the increase in survival rates, highlighting the growing importance of physiotherapy in the context of cancer care. Consequently, physiotherapists must enhance their problem-solving skills, particularly in early oncologic rehabilitation. Physiotherapy and exercise play a pivotal role in the management, prevention, and treatment of oncological diseases. Engaging in purposeful physical activity can prevent many types of cancer and significantly prolong life expectancy. The primary aim of this section is to elucidate the objectives of physiotherapy in oncological rehabilitation, delineate the role of physiotherapists, and outline the specific goals of rehabilitation. This discussion extends to common musculoskeletal problems frequently encountered in oncological patients, such as conditions like lymphedema resulting from treatment, and prevalent symptoms including pain, balance issues, and fatigue. Current approaches and innovative treatment methods in oncological physiotherapy are also examined.
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Plaza Cazón, Josefina, Matías Gonzalez, and Marcela Ruscitti. "Phytoextraction of Zn(II) and Cu(II) by Canna indica: Related Physiological Effects." In Heavy Metals - New Insights [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102450.
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Phytoremediation is a technique for treatment areas with medium or low heavy metals concentrations. A pot experiment was carried out to determine the usefulness of Canna indica L. as phytoremediator species. The plants were treated with three increasing Zn(II) and Cu(II) solutions. 21 days later, dry weight, relative membrane conductivity, chlorophyll, carotene, malondialdehyde, soluble proteins, proline, and Zn(II) and Cu(II) contents were measured. Zn(II) and Cu (II) treatments caused a decline in the dry weight, chlorophyll, carotene, and soluble proteins content, whereas the relative conductivity, malondialdehyde, and proline content showed the opposite pattern. The bioaccumulation reached values approximately 48 and 15 times higher (5293 mg kg−1 and 1425 mg kg−1), compared with the control, for Zn(II) and Cu(II), respectively. Our results suggest that this species can be used for the phytoremediation of polluted soils with moderate concentrations of Zn(II) and Cu(II).
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Mouniane, Yassine, Issam El-Khadir, Ahmed Chriqui, et al. "Responses of Carob Plants to Salt Stress." In Impact of Environmental Degradation on Ecosystems and Preventive Measures. IGI Global, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-1549-2.ch008.
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Increasing soil salinization threatens agriculture and biodiversity by limiting ecosystem productivity and resilience. Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.), native to Mediterranean regions, is notable for its drought tolerance and adaptability to degraded soils. This study examines the morphological, physiological, and biochemical responses of six Moroccan carob ecotypes to NaCl-induced salt stress under greenhouse conditions. Results reveal significant variability among ecotypes, emphasizing the role of genetic diversity in adaptation. Key parameters, such as proline and total sugar content, highlight promising adaptation mechanisms. Tolerant ecotypes could aid in saline soil restoration and support sustainable agriculture, positioning carob as a strategic resource for combating desertification and promoting resilient agroecosystems.
Conference papers on the topic "Proline content"
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Solntsev, Pavlo, Ming Shen, and Brian Benduha. "Protect and Prolong- a New Multi-functional Diesel Fuel Additive." In CORROSION 2020. NACE International, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2020-14855.
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Abstract Fuel tank interior can be exposed to corrosive environments during operation, storage, and shipping from manufacturers to dealerships or customers. The corrosion processes can be accelerated if bio-diesel fuel is used, which is known to be more corrosive for the fuel system than regular diesel. Discussed here, is a new multifunctional diesel fuel additive designed to be used during the operation, lay-off, and shipping. It provides corrosion protection in contact phase and in the vapor phase to the fuel tank interior, including headspace. It also provides anti-oxidation to diesel fuel. The additive can be easily mixed with diesel fuel in a tank during operation or fogged directly into tank space when in preparation for shipping or storage. The corrosion protection in contact phase was evaluated using ASTM D665B and ASTM D1748, corrosion protection in the vapor phase was evaluated using ASTM D5534 and a modified NACE VIA method. Compatibility to copper was tested and graded according to the ASTM D130. Fuel oxidative stability was evaluated according to ASTM D2274 and ASTM D525.
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Robinson, William C. "Steel Storage Tanks Corrosion Control Economics." In CORROSION 1991. NACE International, 1991. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1991-91522.
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Abstract Corrosion control methods for water storage tanks has been a disputed subject for many years. Exterior surfaces are normally coated for aesthetic value as well as preservation of the structure surfaces. Many thousands of dollars are spent unnecessarily to recoat and repair interior coatings when cathodic protection would mitigate further corrosion activity and prolong the necessity for coating maintenance. Economics of cathodic protection and protective coatings should be a major factor in the decision making process for tank owners and designers. Economic impacts of cathodic protection has proven to have long term substantial paybacks. Other factors facing the tank owner are current regulations controlling the acceptance of protective coatings for contact with potable water, and removal of older coatings containing high concentrations of leachable lead.
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Abdurashytova, E. R., S. F. Abdurashytov, and E. E. Turin. "Influence of biopreparations on the content of proline and chlorophyll Sorghum bicolor L. in Steppe conditions." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.006.
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The use of biopreparations on sorghum contributed to a 38.2% increase in proline and 1.4 times more yields in a dry year, and in a favorable year, seed pre-sowing inoculation reduced the concentration of proline (by 49.8%) and chlorophyll (by 6.5%).
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Pingle, Shruti Nilesh, Shruti Tanaji Suryawanshi, Kiran Ramesh Pawar, and Sanjay N. Harke. "The Effect of Salt Stress on Proline Content in Maize (Zea mays)." In LAFOBA2. MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2022016064.
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"Response of Cyclopia Subternata to Watering Frequency: Stomatal Conductance, Proline, and Relative Water Content." In Nov. 28-29, 2022 Johannesburg (South Africa). International Institute of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering (IICBEE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/iicbe4.c1122203.
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Alen’kina, S. A., K. A. Roshchupkina, and V. E. Nikitina. "EFFECT OF AZOSPIRILLUM LECTINS ON PROLINE CONTENT IN WHEAT SEEDLING ROOTS EXPOSED TO HEAVY METALS." In The All-Russian Scientific Conference with International Participation and Schools of Young Scientists "Mechanisms of resistance of plants and microorganisms to unfavorable environmental". SIPPB SB RAS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31255/978-5-94797-319-8-64-67.
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Pakhomov, V. I., D. V. Rudoy, T. A. Maltseva, N. A. Kulikova, and N. T. Ugrekhelidze. "ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF MICROWAVE PROCESSING ON THE CONTENT OF NON-REPLACEABLE AMINO ACIDS IN COMBINE FEEDS." In INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION. DSTU-Print, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/itno.2020.34-37.
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The article presents the results of a study of the effect of micronization of feed samples on proteinogenic amino acids, such as: arginine, lysine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, histidine, leucine-isoleucine, methionine, valine, proline, tyrosine, serine, alanine. The optimal parameters of the micronization of compound feeds are substantiated in order to increase the digestibility of compound feeds and disinfection.
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Babeanu, Cristina. "EFFECTS OF DROUGHT STRESS ON SOME OXIDOREDUCTASE ENZYMES AND PROLINE CONTENT IN LEAVES OF SALIX GENOTYPES." In 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2017/61/s25.087.
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Prihastanti, Erma, Endah Dwi Hastuti, Nintya Setiari, and Sri Haryati. "Determination of proline content and NPK resorption of mangrove leaves as adaptive bioindicators of environmental change." In ADVANCES IN INTELLIGENT APPLICATIONS AND INNOVATIVE APPROACH. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0140268.
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Anggraeny, Yenny Nur, Alif Shabira Putri, Risa Antari, et al. "Effect of gamma ray irradiation on stolon growth, biomass production, and proline content of Brachiaria ruzisiensis." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ORGANIC AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY (ICOAC) 2022. AIP Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0184191.
Full textReports on the topic "Proline content"
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Muangcharoen, Vannee, Suwanna Kijparkorn, Chancharat Reodecha, and Pensuda Somkiatkul. A study on nutritive value of rabbit meat. Chulalongkorn University, 1988. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.1988.42.
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Twelve carcasses were randomly selected from New Zealand White (NZW), Thai Native (N) and two reciprocal crosses between NZW and N rabbits, three from each breed group. Proximate analysis was made along with fatty acid and amino acid analysis. Percent fat and ash on dry matter basis were the only two proximate analysis found to be different among 4 breed groups (P<0.05) and N meat had more fat than N x NZW group (P<0.05). Among the 18 amino acids analysed, NZW and NZW x N meat had more proline than N x NZW group (P<0.05) and N x NZW meat contained more tryptophan than N and NZW (P<0.05). From the eight fatty acids analysed, x-linolenic acid content in NZW meat was greater than the other 3 breed groups (P<0.05).
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Lers, Amnon, Majid R. Foolad, and Haya Friedman. genetic basis for postharvest chilling tolerance in tomato fruit. United States Department of Agriculture, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600014.bard.
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ABSTRACT Postharvest losses of fresh produce are estimated globally to be around 30%. Reducing these losses is considered a major solution to ensure global food security. Storage at low temperatures is an efficient practice to prolong postharvest performance of crops with minimal negative impact on produce quality or human health and the environment. However, many fresh produce commodities are susceptible to chilling temperatures, and the application of cold storage is limited as it would cause physiological chilling injury (CI) leading to reduced produce quality. Further, the primary CI becomes a preferred site for pathogens leading to decay and massive produce losses. Thus, chilling sensitive crops should be stored at higher minimal temperatures, which curtails their marketing life and in some cases necessitates the use of other storage strategies. Development of new knowledge about the biological basis for chilling tolerance in fruits and vegetables should allow development of both new varieties more tolerant to cold, and more efficient postharvest storage treatments and storage conditions. In order to improve the agricultural performance of modern crop varieties, including tomato, there is great potential in introgression of marker-defined genomic regions from wild species onto the background of elite breeding lines. To exploit this potential for improving tomato fruit chilling tolerance during postharvest storage, we have used in this research a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between the red-fruited tomato wild species SolanumpimpinellifoliumL. accession LA2093 and an advanced Solanum lycopersicumL. tomato breeding line NCEBR-1, developed in the laboratory of the US co-PI. The original specific objectives were: 1) Screening of RIL population resulting from the cross NCEBR1 X LA2093 for fruit chilling response during postharvest storage and estimation of its heritability; 2) Perform a transcriptopmic and bioinformatics analysis for the two parental lines following exposure to chilling storage. During the course of the project, we learned that we could measure greater differences in chilling responses among specific RILs compared to that observed between the two parental lines, and thus we decided not to perform transcriptomic analysis and instead invest our efforts more on characterization of the RILs. Performing the transcriptomic analysis for several RILs, which significantly differ in their chilling tolerance/sensitivity, at a later stage could result with more significant insights. The RIL population, (172 lines), was used in field experiment in which fruits were examined for chilling sensitivity by determining CI severity. Following the field experiments, including 4 harvest days and CI measurements, two extreme tails of the response distribution, each consisting of 11 RILs exhibiting either high sensitivity or tolerance to chilling stress, were identified and were further examined for chilling response in greenhouse experiments. Across the RILs, we found significant (P < 0.01) correlation between field and greenhouse grown plants in fruit CI. Two groups of 5 RILs, whose fruits exhibited reproducible chilling tolerant/sensitive phenotypes in both field and greenhouse experiments, were selected for further analyses. Numerous genetic, physiological, biochemical and molecular variations were investigated in response to postharvest chilling stress in the selected RILs. We confirmed the differential response of the parental lines of the RIL population to chilling stress, and examined the extent of variation in the RIL population in response to chilling treatment. We determined parameters which would be useful for further characterization of chilling response in the RIL population. These included chlorophyll fluorescence Fv/Fm, water loss, total non-enzymatic potential of antioxidant activity, ascorbate and proline content, and expression of LeCBF1 gene, known to be associated with cold acclimation. These parameters could be used in continuation studies for the identification and genetic mapping of loci contributing to chilling tolerance in this population, and identifying genetic markers associated with chilling tolerance in tomato. Once genetic markers associated with chilling tolerance are identified, the trait could be transferred to different genetic background via marker-assisted selection (MAS) and breeding. The collaborative research established in this program has resulted in new information and insights in this area of research and the collaboration will be continued to obtain further insights into the genetic, molecular biology and physiology of postharvest chilling tolerance in tomato fruit. The US Co-PI, developed the RIL population that was used for screening and measurement of the relevant chilling stress responses and conducted statistical analyses of the data. Because we were not able to grow the RIL population under field conditions in two successive generations, we could not estimate heritability of response to chilling temperatures. However, we plan to continue the research, grow the RIL progeny in the field again, and determine heritability of chilling tolerance in a near future. The IS and US investigators interacted regularly and plan to continue and expand on this study, since combing the expertise of the Co-PI in genetics and breeding with that of the PI in postharvest physiology and molecular biology will have great impact on this line of research, given the significant findings of this one-year feasibility project.
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Motel-Klingebiel, Andreas, and Gerhard Naegele. Exclusion and inequality in late working life in the political context of the EU. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/9789179293215.
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European societies need to increase the participation in work over the life course to support the provision of qualified labour and to meet the challenges for social security systems under the condition of their ageing populations. One of the key ambitions is to extend people’s working lives and to postpone labour market exit and retirement where possible. This requires informed policies, and the research programme EIWO – ‘Exclusion and Inequality in Late Working Life: Evidence for Policy Innovation towards Inclusive Extended Work and Sustainable Working Conditions in Sweden and Europe’ – aims to push the boundaries of knowledge about late working life and the potential of its inclusive and equal prolongation via a theoretically driven, gender-sensitive combination of multi-level perspectives. EIWO takes a life course approach on exclusion and inequality by security of tenure, quality of work, workplaces, and their consequences. It identifies life course policies, promoting lifelong learning processes and flexible adaptation to prolong working lives and to avoid increased exclusion and inequality. Moreover, it provides evidence for policies to ensure both individual, company and societal benefits from longer lives. To do so, EIWO orientates its analyses systematically to the macro-political contexts at the European Union level and to the policy goals expressed in the respective official statements, reports and plans. This report systematizes this ambitious approach. Relevant documents such as reports, green books and other publications of the European Commission (EC), the European Parliament (EP), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), as well as those of social partners and research institutions, have been systematically scanned and evaluated. In addition, relevant decisions of European summits have been considered. The selection of documents claims completeness regarding relevant and generally available publication, while relevance is defined from the point of view of EIWO’s interests. It is the aim of this report to provide a sound knowledge base for EIWO’s analyses and impact strategies and to contribute to the emerging research on the connection between population ageing and the European policies towards productivity, inclusiveness, equity, resilience and sustainability. This report aims to answer the following questions: How are EIWO’s conceptual classification and programme objectives reflected in the European Union’s policy programming? How can EIWO’s analyses and impact benefit from a reference to current EU policy considerations, and how does this focus support the outline of policy options and the formulating of possible proposals to Swedish and European stakeholders? The present report was written during early 2022; analyses were finalized in February 2022 and represent the status until this date.
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Asvapathanagul, Pitiporn, Leanne Deocampo, and Nicholas Banuelos. Biological Hydrogen Gas Production from Food Waste as a Sustainable Fuel for Future Transportation. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2141.
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In the global search for the right alternative energy sources for a more sustainable future, hydrogen production has stood out as a strong contender. Hydrogen gas (H2) is well-known as one of the cleanest and most sustainable energy sources, one that mainly yields only water vapor as a byproduct. Additionally, H2 generates triple the amount of energy compared to hydrocarbon fuels. H2 can be synthesized from several technologies, but currently only 1% of H2 production is generated from biomass. Biological H2 production generated from anaerobic digestion is a fraction of the 1%. This study aims to enhance biological H2 production from anaerobic digesters by increasing H2 forming microbial abundance using batch experiments. Carbon substrate availability and conversion in the anaerobic processes were achieved by chemical oxygen demand and volatile fatty acids analysis. The capability of the matrix to neutralize acids in the reactors was assessed using alkalinity assay, and ammonium toxicity was monitored by ammonium measurements. H2 content was also investigated throughout the study. The study's results demonstrate two critical outcomes, (i) food waste as substrate yielded the highest H2 gas fraction in biogas compared to other substrates fed (primary sludge, waste activated sludge and mixed sludge with or without food waste), and (ii) under normal operating condition of anaerobic digesters, increasing hydrogen forming bacterial populations, including Clostridium spp., Lactococcus spp. and Lactobacillus spp. did not prolong biological H2 recovery due to H2 being taken up by other bacteria for methane (CH4) formation. Our experiment was operated under the most optimal condition for CH4 formation as suggested by wastewater operational manuals. Therefore, CH4-forming bacteria possessed more advantages than other microbial populations, including H2-forming groups, and rapidly utilized H2 prior to methane synthesis. This study demonstrates H2 energy renewed from food waste anaerobic digestion systems delivers opportunities to maximize California’s cap-and-trade program through zero carbon fuel production and utilization.
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Asvapathanagul, Pitiporn, Leanne Deocampo, and Nicholas Banuelos. Biological Hydrogen Gas Production from Food Waste as a Sustainable Fuel for Future Transportation. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2141.
Full textAbstract:
In the global search for the right alternative energy sources for a more sustainable future, hydrogen production has stood out as a strong contender. Hydrogen gas (H2) is well-known as one of the cleanest and most sustainable energy sources, one that mainly yields only water vapor as a byproduct. Additionally, H2 generates triple the amount of energy compared to hydrocarbon fuels. H2 can be synthesized from several technologies, but currently only 1% of H2 production is generated from biomass. Biological H2 production generated from anaerobic digestion is a fraction of the 1%. This study aims to enhance biological H2 production from anaerobic digesters by increasing H2 forming microbial abundance using batch experiments. Carbon substrate availability and conversion in the anaerobic processes were achieved by chemical oxygen demand and volatile fatty acids analysis. The capability of the matrix to neutralize acids in the reactors was assessed using alkalinity assay, and ammonium toxicity was monitored by ammonium measurements. H2 content was also investigated throughout the study. The study's results demonstrate two critical outcomes, (i) food waste as substrate yielded the highest H2 gas fraction in biogas compared to other substrates fed (primary sludge, waste activated sludge and mixed sludge with or without food waste), and (ii) under normal operating condition of anaerobic digesters, increasing hydrogen forming bacterial populations, including Clostridium spp., Lactococcus spp. and Lactobacillus spp. did not prolong biological H2 recovery due to H2 being taken up by other bacteria for methane (CH4) formation. Our experiment was operated under the most optimal condition for CH4 formation as suggested by wastewater operational manuals. Therefore, CH4-forming bacteria possessed more advantages than other microbial populations, including H2-forming groups, and rapidly utilized H2 prior to methane synthesis. This study demonstrates H2 energy renewed from food waste anaerobic digestion systems delivers opportunities to maximize California’s cap-and-trade program through zero carbon fuel production and utilization.
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Dudoit, Alain. Les espaces européens communs de données : une initiative structurante nécessaire et adaptable au Canada. CIRANO, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/ryht5065.
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Le Rapport bourgogne, publié par le CIRANO en juillet 2023, préconise la création d'un espace commun de données dans le corridor commercial stratégique des Grands Lacs et du Saint-Laurent d'ici 2030. Cette proposition s’appuie notamment sur trois rapports distincts de politiques publiés en 2022 par le groupe de travail national sur la chaîne d’approvisionnement, le Conseil des ministres responsables des transports et de la sécurité routière (COMT) et le Comité permanent de la Chambre des communes sur les transports, l'infrastructure et les collectivités. Le constat posé et les recommandations qui découlent de ces rapports soulèvent des questions de fond qui sont au centre des enjeux critiques de gouvernance, de culture d’organisation, de capacité d’exécution, de mobilisation des parties prenantes du public et du privé, ainsi que de la sous-utilisation des données au sein de l’appareil gouvernemental canadien mis à rude épreuve par des années de retard et exacerbée par les perturbations récentes liées à des catastrophes climatiques anticipées. La création d’un espace commun de données est envisagée comme un investissement structurant de l'infrastructure essentielle du Canada pour le transport intermodal et la chaîne d’approvisionnement. Ce document de travail sur les Espaces Européens Communs de Données (EECD) prolonge la synthèse et les recommandations publiées en juillet dernier. Face à l’accélération de l’économique numérique, la gouvernance et le partage efficace des données sont devenus des enjeux fondamentaux pour les politiques publiques à tous les niveaux de juridictions et dans tous domaines de l’activité humaine. Le présent document vise à examiner les initiatives et les défis associés à la gouvernance des données, en mettant particulièrement l'accent sur les Espaces Européens Communs de Données (EECD) et leur pertinence pour le contexte canadien. Il explore la complexité inhérente à la gouvernance des données, qui doit concilier les spécificités sectorielles avec des principes de gouvernance plus universels. Ce faisant, il souligne l'importance d'une action stratégique et coordonnée pour maximiser les avantages sociaux et économiques des données. Le document de travail sur les EECD étend la portée du Rapport bourgogne en fournissant une analyse opérationnelle de l'initiative en cours au sein de l'Union européenne (UE). Celle-ci découle de la stratégie européenne des données de 2020 et vise à établir douze espaces communs de données dans des secteurs stratégiques, y compris la mobilité et les transports. Le document se divise en trois parties principales. La première partie offre un aperçu des politiques publiques relatives aux données au Canada et dans l'UE entre 2018 et 2023. La deuxième partie se concentre sur les implications et les leçons tirées de l'analyse d'impact qui soutient l'adoption de la législation sur la gouvernance des données par les institutions européennes. Cette loi vise à établir un cadre réglementaire pour la création des espaces communs de données en Europe. La troisième partie aborde le déploiement actuel des EECD, en soulignant les étapes clés et les processus en cours. Le document met en évidence des similitudes notables entre l'UE et le Canada en ce qui concerne l'identification des enjeux et la formulation des objectifs de politique publique en matière de données. Il souligne aussi des différences entre ces deux partenaires stratégiques dans l’optimisation du partage des données entre les juridictions et parties prenantes. Ces deux partenaires stratégiques se distinguent cependant par une différence fondamentale: l'absence d'une mutualisation efficace des ressources au sein de l’appareil intergouvernemental canadien dans la poursuite d’objectifs communs face à des enjeux majeurs communs tel celui des données à la grande différence de l’entreprise des EECD par l’UE dans la poursuite d’objectifs identiques de positionnement comme chef de file mondial l’économie des données. Cette absence de considération et, encore moins, d’action conjointe par l’appareil intergouvernemental canadien de mise en œuvre d’une stratégie commune des données au Canada est dommageable. Pour être efficace, la réponse canadienne doit être agile, axée sur les résultats, et intégrée à travers les différentes juridictions. La gestion rigoureuse, l’utilisation responsable et le partage organisé des données au sein et entre les différentes juridictions sont des éléments cruciaux pour aborder les défis complexes et les risques majeurs auxquels le Canada est confronté. Ni le gouvernement fédéral ni ceux des provinces ne sont actuellement bien positionnés pour traiter ensemble les données comme un actif stratégique commun. La résolution des obstacles réglementaires, juridiques et techniques à l'échange de données entre juridictions et organisations nécessite la création d'un espace commun de données qui à son tour implique une combinaison des outils et des infrastructures requises à cette fin, ainsi qu'un traitement des questions de confiance notamment par des règles communes.