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Souza, Elaine Fernanda Dornelas de, Maria do Carmo Souza Soares, Sueyla Ferreira da Silva dos Santos, Thais Reis Silva de Paulo, Maria Verinize Santos Brandão, and Ismael Forte Freitas Júnior. "Constructing a logical model in school health: experience on the Lower Amazon region." Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 71, no. 3 (May 2018): 1198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2016-0389.
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ABSTRACT Objective: This experience report presents the construction of the theoretical and logic model for intervention to promote physical activity and healthy eating habits of the public schools students in the city of Parintins, Amazonas, Brazil. Method: We carried out a theoretical research and also a documentary research on the School Health Program (PSE - Programa Saúde na Escola) on the national and local level, in addition to meetings with the PSE management committee for strategic planning of the actions. Result: The municipality had no systematic structure of health practices at school. A theoretical and logical model that involved prerogatives of practice from the management of the municipality in PSE was developed. Actions to promote physical activity and healthy nutrition of primary and secondary school students were planned and promoted in schools of the PSE. Final considerations: Thus, the collective construction of this proposal contributed to the research of multi-sectoral practices related to the PSE principles and strategies, considering the particularities of the Lower Amazon context.
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Cheng, Wai Fu. "Is the premise ‘occupation promotes health’ logical? A syllogistic analysis." Journal of Occupational Science 25, no. 3 (July 3, 2018): 408–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14427591.2018.1491412.
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Rodić, Dušica D. "BEST PRACTICES OF ASSESSMENT AS A WAY TO PROMOTE EFFECTIVE LEARNING." Journal of Baltic Science Education 17, no. 5 (October 15, 2018): 748–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/jbse/18.17.748.
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The conceptual understanding presents a key component of science expertise, and thus the most desirable outcome of science education process. However, reports in the literature describe the opposite reality. There is an evidence that students are prone to use algorithms, to memorize rules, definitions and procedural steps, that is, to use efficient heuristics that allow them to skip logical reasoning for reaching an immediate goal (Dori & Hameiri, 2003; Hammer, 1994; Nyachwaya, Warfa, Roehrig, & Schneider, 2014). The questions arise: (i) How the assessment tools themselves contribute to this phenomenon? (ii) Can we encourage the development of logical reasoning among students by applying various assessment tools?
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Parish, Charles R. "Inequalities, Absolute Value, and Logical Connectives." Mathematics Teacher 85, no. 9 (December 1992): 756–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.85.9.0756.
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Algebra students often have difficulty in sorting out and correctly using the concepts involved in the solution of linear inequalities. The introduction of the concept of absolute value causes additional complications for many students. Two of the major problem areas are (1) the concept of absolute value as normally defined and (2) the recognition and appropriate use of the logical connectives and and or in the solution of problems that combine inequalities with absolute value. One way to alleviate students' confusion and promote their problem-solving ability in such a setting is to adopt an approach different from that found in current textbooks. This approach involves consideration of the function concept as the graph generated by associated ordered pairs of real numbers rather than functional values as obtained from the standard definition of absolute value.
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Fringe, Jorge Jaime dos Santos. "Promoting holistic learning for the development of competences in Mozambique." Tuning Journal for Higher Education 5, no. 2 (May 31, 2018): 19–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/tjhe-5(2)-2018pp19-43.
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This article presents results of a study carried out at the Faculty of Education of the University Eduardo Mondlane, in Mozambique, aimed to assess the extent to which the bachelor course in Psychology promotes multiple intelligences as superimposed to holistic learning styles within its effort to develop students’ competences. For that purpose, 158 psychology students were invited to fill in a four-point Likert scale questionnaire. Respondents were asked to gauge lecturers’ practices of employing different methods and strategies to promote multiple intelligences and holistic learning styles and to indicate what their preferences were concerning methods that could be employed more often. Results show that lecturers promote holistic learning, despite prominence of practices that are more tied to logical and analytical skills, in the left hemisphere, with less emphasis on right hemisphere processes such as ludic activities, drama and simulations, and physical involvement. Such results point to the need for the promotion of professional development efforts towards increased adoption of more holistic learning and multiple intelligences within the bachelor course in Psychology.Received: 22 January 2018Accepted: 02 May 2018Published online: 31 May 2018
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Ribeiro, Maria da Conceição Lopes, Lélia Lessa Teixeira Pinto, Andreza Soares dos Santos, Joilson Menegucci, Jair Sindra Virtuoso Junior, and Sheilla Tribess. "Home intervention model to promote physical activity in female older adults." Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde 23 (February 18, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.23e0043.
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The aim of the study was to describe the logical model of a home intervention using a motivational strategy to improve physical fitness components in female older adults. A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 91 elderly women between 61 and 80 years old, divided into intervention (IG) and control (CG) groups. The participants also answered a questionnaire with sociodemographic information, stage of behaviour change, physical activity and physical performance tests, before and after 12 weeks of intervention. The intervention was performed using a guide with home-based physical exercise associated with motivational strategies (telephone calls and home visits). e intervention with reduced interaction was planned to have a low financial cost, both in relation to the physical space and the materials necessary to practice the home-based physical activities, making feasible the applicability in different places. The logical model provides insight into the intervention and its phases of planning, implementation, and evaluation.
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Schielack, Jane F., Dinah Chancellor, and Kimberly M. Childs. "Designing Questions to Encourage Children's Mathematical Thinking." Teaching Children Mathematics 6, no. 6 (February 2000): 398–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/tcm.6.6.0398.
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Zhang, Shengqian. "Logical Thinking of Socialist Core Values into the Internet Legal Construction." Advances in Higher Education 3, no. 3 (August 30, 2019): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/ahe.v3i3.1493.
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<p>In the construction of Internet legal system, the rule of virtue and the rule of law are indispensable. The combination of socialist core values and the construction of Internet rule of law will help consolidate the mainstream ideology of the Internet, lead the trend of correct values with socialist core values, and clarify the socialist direction of the construction of Internet rule of law. In order to promote the better integration of the two, we should push forward the network legislation as soon as possible. And it is important to make sure there are laws to follow, and implement the 16-character policy of "scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, fair justice and law abiding by the whole people". In addition, we need to rely on the Internet to establish effective channels of communication between the government and the people, strengthen the Internet supervision and management right of the people, strengthen international cooperation, build a perfect order of cyber security, and promote harmonious social development.</p>
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Deng, Zhenrong, Hongquan Lin, Wenming Huang, Rushi Lan, and Xiaonan Luo. "Emotional Dialogue Generation Based on Conditional Variational Autoencoder and Dual Emotion Framework." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2020 (December 26, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8881616.
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An excellent dialogue system needs to not only generate rich and diverse logical responses but also meet the needs of users for emotional communication. However, despite much work, these two problems have not been solved. In this paper, we propose a model based on conditional variational autoencoder and dual emotion framework (CVAE-DE) to generate emotional responses. In our model, latent variables of the conditional variational autoencoder are adopted to promote the diversity of conversation. A dual emotion framework is adopted to control the explicit emotion of the response and prevent the conversation from generating emotion drift indicating that the emotion of the response is not related to the input sentence. A multiclass emotion classifier based on the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) model is employed to obtain emotion labels, which promotes the accuracy of emotion recognition and emotion expression. A large number of experiments show that our model not only generates rich and diverse responses but also is emotionally coherent and controllable.
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Xie, Zanchun. "New Exploration of Logic Starting Point of Audit Theory Structure." Journal of Finance Research 3, no. 2 (October 29, 2019): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26549/jfr.v3i2.2331.
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As a discipline that has developed for many years, audit has been relatively mature and complete in its theoretical structure. As we all know, the establishment of any discipline requires a set of mature theoretical framework that are logical, progressive from point to surface. This theoretical structural framework is called the theoretical structure, and the research process of the audit discipline also needs to build such a theoretical system to make the audit research planned and structured, then the logical starting point in the audit theory structure will largely influence the direction and development of the audit discipline. In this paper, by expounding the characteristics and conditions of the logical starting point and combining some domestic and international discussions on the logical starting point, the author considers and explores the selection of logical starting point of the audit theory structure, hoping to select an amenable element as the logical starting point of the theoretical system to promote the research and development of the audit discipline.
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Rovito, Michael J. "Performing Testicular Self-Examination, Driving Automobiles, and Anxiety: What Is the Logical Link?" American Journal of Men's Health 12, no. 3 (February 26, 2016): 594–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988316635048.
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The debate of whether testicular self-examination (TSE) should be promoted among males generally centers on a harm–benefit corollary. The benefits of TSE include improving health outcomes, inclusive of an increase in both quality of life and knowledge/awareness of potential health concerns, as well as promoting proactivity in achieving wellness. The harms include claims that false-positive results can increase anxiety and produce costs via unnecessary treatments and therapies. Further claims point to the lack of evidence suggesting TSE decreases testicular cancer mortality. This commentary primarily discusses the anxiety portion of this debate from a logic-based perspective. The argument that TSE should not be promoted among males due to the risk of inciting false-positive anxiety appears to be flawed. A 5-point perspective is presented on the illogical discouragement of TSE due to theorized levels of false-positive anxiety while existing evidence suggests late-stage testicular cancer is associated with anxiety and depression.
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Hurka, Thomas. "Virtue as Loving the Good." Social Philosophy and Policy 9, no. 2 (1992): 149–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026505250000145x.
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In a chapter of The Methods of Ethics entitled “Ultimate Good”, Henry Sidgwick defends hedonism, the theory that pleasure and only pleasure is intrinsically good, that is, good in itself and apart from its consequences. First, however, he argues against the theory that virtue is intrinsically good. Sidgwick considers both a strong version of this theory — that virtue is the only intrinsic good — and a weaker version — that it is one intrinsic good among others. He tries to show that neither version is or can be true.Against the strong version of the theory, Sidgwick argues as follows. Virtue is a disposition to act rightly, and right action is identified by the good it promotes. (He believes the second, consequentialist premise has been justified by his lengthy critique of nonconsequentialist moralities in Book III of The Methods of Ethics.) But this means that treating virtue as the only intrinsic good involves a “logical circle”: virtue is a disposition to promote what is good, where what is good is itself just a disposition to promote what is good. Virtue turns out to be a disposition to promote virtue.As Hastings Rashdall notes in a commentary on Sidgwick, one can accept many of this argument's premises yet reject its conclusion. One can agree that right action is identified by its consequences but still hold that virtue is the only intrinsic good. One can do this if one denies that the relevant consequences are good. This is the Stoic view: certain states are “preferred”, and thus supply the criterion of right action, but are not themselves intrinsically good.
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Iringan, Emolyn M. "Instructional Exposure of Senior High School Students to Approaches that Promote Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving Skills." Journal of Asian Research 5, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jar.v5n1p1.
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This descriptive study assessed students’ exposure to activities that promote the acquisition of critical thinking and problem-solving skills. The study involved 150 randomly selected senior high school students. Results reveal that students have a “great extent” of exposure to instruction that promotes the acquisition of the desired mathematics skills, particularly on the content, strategies, assessment, and instructional materials. Students are exposed to a “great extent” to activities that allow them to predict, gather and organize information, derive conclusions, make judgment or decisions, discuss and justify solutions; however, have a “low extent” of exposure to problem posing. Students were exposed to a “very great extent” to the step by step process in dealing with problems. The students have a “great extent” of exposure to problem-solving strategies that promote verbal-logical, visual-spatial, and organizing skills, however, to a low extent in restructuring and rethinking skills. Students’ exposure to the use of manipulatives or mathematical models, calculators, creative pictures and diagrams, worksheets, online materials, creative PowerPoint presentations, varied textbooks, and scholarly materials in mathematics problem solving was to a “great extent” but “low” on the use of mathematics software and videos. Along assessment, students have a “great extent” of exposure to assessment on knowledge, comprehension, application, synthesis, and evaluation skills but to a “low extent” on assessment that requires metacognitive and reflective thinking.
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Zhang, Dongsheng, Wei Gao, and Yiqing Lv. "The Triple Logic and Choice Strategy of Rural Revitalization in the 70 Years since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China, Based on the Perspective of Historical Evolution." Agriculture 10, no. 4 (April 13, 2020): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10040125.
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Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has continuously improved and developed the rural system, deepened rural reform, and promoted the process of agricultural and rural modernization. This paper constructs an analytical framework of rural revitalization and explores the logical law behind it from the three aspects of theoretical evolution, historical evolution, and realistic development. Then, on the basis of summarizing the existing rural revitalization path model, in view of the lack of industrial, ecological, cultural, and other rural revitalization path development models, the paper explores the general principles of rural revitalization path selection and puts forward a realistic choice: First, the key breakthrough of rural revitalization will be achieved through the construction of a rural revitalization planning system, land system reform, and green development. Second, the connotation and extension of concepts, such as “small farmers”, “industry prosperity”, and “rural areas”, are objectively analyzed and evaluated, so as to promote rural revitalization and avoid the risks and challenges that it may face in practice.
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Qiu, Xian Rong. "Research on the Value of Rock-Climbing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 66-68 (July 2011): 2346–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.66-68.2346.
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This article discussing the value of Rock-Climbing utilizes literature material method, the logical analytic method, induction and deduction methods. To raising people's understanding on Rock-Climbing, and promote more and more outdoor sports lovers involved into Rock-Climbing.
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Wang, Wei, and Sheng Wu Xiong. "Research of Logical Reasoning and Application Based on Granular Computing Rough Sets." Advanced Materials Research 622-623 (December 2012): 1877–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.622-623.1877.
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In this paper, the information granule based on granular computing is discussed, the granular computing formula of IS (Information System) uncertainties reasoning based Rough and its processes have been proposed. The fish disease diagnostic information data are fuzziness, randomness and uncertainties in the field of aquaculture. The logical reasoning algorithms are described using fuzzy decision table, which is composed of the condition attributes granules formed by the fish disease symptoms sets and decision granules formed by the fish diseases sets. This method is that fish disease diagnostic rules acquisition process, not only can promote the development of granular computing theory application, but also provide a new method for fish disease diagnosis.
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Shimazaki, Kiwamu, Mao Adachi, and Minoru Nakayama. "Effectiveness of Instruction for Summarising Handouts and Academic Writings." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 13, no. 08 (August 30, 2018): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v13i08.8333.
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Academic writing skills are expected to acquire logical thinking and to lead to effective learning. The summarised handout is an academic writing activi-ty. To promote the creation of suitable handouts for learners, a guideline of the preparation procedure was developed in a previous study. In this study. The validity of the procedure is evaluated experimentally. First, the factors useful for assessing handouts were confirmed through a handout generation and evaluation experiment. When the guideline instructions were given be-fore handout creation session, factor scores increased in comparison to the condition when instruction was not given. The effectiveness of instruction was investigated by assessing the handouts generated using the guideline items. In the results, two factors were extracted: "Format" and "Content". The instructions promoted the contribution of the "Content" factor regard-ing the degree of usefulness of the handout. The contributions of handout content instructions were then evaluated lexically using morphological analysis. The instructions encouraged taking concise notes from handouts, and the total number of morphemes and nouns subjects wrote down de-creased, though the number of adjectives increased slightly. Accordingly, the effectiveness of instructions for generating handouts was evaluated.
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McAreavy, Ruth. "Seasonal worker schemes: can they achieve social." Europa XXI 37 (2019): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7163/eu21.2019.37.3.
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Seasonal workers are increasingly being used globally to provide a short-term workforce, filling positions in the labour market that are often difficult, dirty and shunned by native born workers. Seasonal schemes are promoted in typically economic terms, offering a triple win where the host society gains from flexible labour; the sending country benefits from remittances and skill transfers; and migrants themselves gain from access to the labour market. However, they have been found to support the uneven economic participation of workers in global production processes and they typically marginalise workers socially. Drawing from examples elsewhere and using Nancy Fraser’s three-dimensional perspective of social justice (2005), this article examines the prospect for developing socially just seasonal work programmes. It is logical that most societies seek to promote seasonal worker schemes that allow workers to be treated according to the rules of justice. And yet, research has shown the exploitation of many different types of migrant workers. Following Fraser, the article asks to what extent recognition, redistribution and representation can be achieved through seasonal worker schemes? It identifies key issues for consideration if social justice is to be upheld.
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Lima, Cláudio, and Ronaldo Santos Mello. "On proposing and evaluating a NoSQL document database logical approach." International Journal of Web Information Systems 12, no. 4 (November 7, 2016): 398–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwis-04-2016-0018.
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Purpose NoSQL databases do not require a default schema associated with the data. Even that, they are categorized by data models. A model associated with the data can promote better strategies for persistence and manipulation of data in the target database. Based on this motivation, the purpose of this paper is to present an approach for logical design of NoSQL document databases that consists a process that converts a conceptual modeling into efficient logical representations for a NoSQL document database. The authors also evaluate their approach and demonstrate that the generated NoSQL logical structures reduce the amount of data items accessed by queries. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents an approach for logical design of NoSQL document database schemas based on a conceptual schema. The authors generate compact and redundancy-free schemas and define appropriate representations in a NoSQL document logical model. The estimated volume of data and workload information can be considered to generate optimized NoSQL document structures. Findings This approach was evaluated through a case study with an experimental evaluation in the e-commerce application domain. The results demonstrate that the authors’ workload-based conversion process improves query performance on NoSQL documents by reducing the number of database accesses. Originality/value Unlike related work, the reported approach covers all typical conceptual constructs, details a conversion process between conceptual schemas and logical representations for NoSQL document database category and, additionally, considers the estimated database workload to perform optimizations in the logical structure. An experimental evaluation shows that the proposed approach is promising.
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Rim, Haemee, Inseon Choi, and Sunsook Noh. "A study on the application of robotic programming to promote logical and critical thinking in mathematics education." Mathematical Education 53, no. 3 (August 31, 2014): 413–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7468/mathedu.2014.53.3.413.
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Liu, Si Ping. "Simulation Study of Waveform Variation of Fixed Assets Based on Logical Database Structure." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 2075–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.2075.
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Investment in fixed assets is the main aspects of the national government to implement macro-control economy, and it is also the pillar of national economic growth. At the same time, the investment of enterprise fixed assets is to upgrade its commercial value and add the main source of income. However, in the current business competition, many enterprises especially private enterprises often make the mistake of judgment, resulting in too much investment, investment deviation and other consequences, which blocks the development of enterprises and the growth of the national economy. Firstly, this paper analyzes the computer aided technology, and constructs the fixed asset investment model based on database management technology, and does computer simulation on this model. The results show that the investment model can help enterprises to make reasonable investment decision and support theory, which promotes the enterprise value.
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Gehring, Kathleen M., and Deborah A. Eastman. "Information Fluency for Undergraduate Biology Majors: Applications of Inquiry-based Learning in a Developmental Biology Course." CBE—Life Sciences Education 7, no. 1 (March 2008): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.07-10-0091.
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Many initiatives for the improvement of undergraduate science education call for inquiry-based learning that emphasizes investigative projects and reading of the primary literature. These approaches give students an understanding of science as a process and help them integrate content presented in courses. At the same time, general initiatives to promote information fluency are being promoted on many college and university campuses. Information fluency refers to discipline-specific processing of information, and it involves integration of gathered information with specific ideas to form logical conclusions. We have implemented the use of inquiry-based learning to enhance and study discipline-specific information fluency skills in an upper-level undergraduate Developmental Biology course. In this study, an information literacy tutorial and a set of linked assignments using primary literature analysis were integrated with two inquiry-based laboratory research projects. Quantitaitve analysis of student responses suggests that the abilities of students to identify and apply valid sources of information were enhanced. Qualitative assessment revealed a set of patterns by which students gather and apply information. Self-assessment responses indicated that students recognized the impact of the assignments on their abilities to gather and apply information and that they were more confident about these abilities for future biology courses and beyond.
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Buradum Tende, Friday, and Abiye Okebiobramama Lawson. "Developing Critical Resilient Leadership Behavior Through Collaborative Management: A Logical Perspective." Business, Management and Economics Research, no. 72 (June 21, 2021): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/bmer.72.65.69.
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This study attempts to understand how collaborative management could enhance and improve organizational leadership and elicit resilient behaviors. Thus, collaboration and resilience are basic characteristics that can help any organization surmount unpredictably challenging situations, and even thrive in the process. A systematic review was used in which relevant theories were examined in line with this objective. It was found that; cultivating, developing, and refining collaborative efforts in organizational leadership, employee-employer relationships, and organizational success are key factors in the pursuit and actualization of predetermined organizational objectives. This outcome demonstrates that leading successfully in an unpredictable and change-prone environment is a huge task. Hence, for organizational leadership to survive and thrive, it has to develop the capacity to be adaptive, swiftly recover from setbacks, maintain relatively stable and functional health, and harness all its resources to remain in business. Therefore, an organization that collaborates on several fronts will create a resilient spirit to face and surmount unpredictably challenging situations if/when they arise. Thus, organizations that intend to succeed in this regard must promote cohesion, diversity, interdependence, inclusion, and social support through enthusiastic and enterprising capabilities.
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Rowe, Matthew P., B. Marcus Gillespie, Kevin R. Harris, Steven D. Koether, Li-Jen Y. Shannon, and Lori A. Rose. "Redesigning a General Education Science Course to Promote Critical Thinking." CBE—Life Sciences Education 14, no. 3 (September 2015): ar30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.15-02-0032.
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Recent studies question the effectiveness of a traditional university curriculum in helping students improve their critical thinking and scientific literacy. We developed an introductory, general education (gen ed) science course to overcome both deficiencies. The course, titled Foundations of Science, differs from most gen ed science offerings in that it is interdisciplinary; emphasizes the nature of science along with, rather than primarily, the findings of science; incorporates case studies, such as the vaccine-autism controversy; teaches the basics of argumentation and logical fallacies; contrasts science with pseudoscience; and addresses psychological factors that might otherwise lead students to reject scientific ideas they find uncomfortable. Using a pretest versus posttest design, we show that students who completed the experimental course significantly improved their critical-thinking skills and were more willing to engage scientific theories the general public finds controversial (e.g., evolution), while students who completed a traditional gen ed science course did not. Our results demonstrate that a gen ed science course emphasizing the process and application of science rather than just scientific facts can lead to improved critical thinking and scientific literacy.
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Siegle, Del. "Technology." Gifted Child Today 40, no. 2 (March 21, 2017): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1076217517690861.
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We share a variety of free coding platforms that are available for students of all ages to begin learning the coding process. Coding enhances students’ problem solving by forcing students to break problems into their component pieces and reassemble them in a logical, stepby-step sequence. This promotes planning and organization skills, and it requires precision and self-discipline. Through the process, students develop independence as they troubleshoot their coding errors.
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Dreher, Melanie, Lydia DeSantis, and Sandra Dunbar. "University of Miami Transcultural Nursing Research Institute." Practicing Anthropology 10, no. 2 (April 1, 1988): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.10.2.4207115l0860u40q.
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The University of Miami Transcultural Nursing Research Institute was established just three years ago by a charitable trust from the William R. Ryan estate. Created to promote the art and science of nursing through culturally focused research, the Institute is a logical outgrowth of the School of Nursing curriculum which emphasizes culture as its organizing framework, from undergraduate education through Master's specialization and into the Ph.D. program.
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Hill, Geoffrey R., Stuart D. Olver, Rachel D. Kuns, Antiopi Varelias, Neil C. Raffelt, Alistair L. Don, Kate A. Markey, et al. "Stem cell mobilization with G-CSF induces type 17 differentiation and promotes scleroderma." Blood 116, no. 5 (August 5, 2010): 819–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2009-11-256495.
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The recent shift to the use of stem cells mobilized by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for hematopoietic transplantation has increased chronic graftversus-host disease (GVHD), although the mechanisms of this are unclear. We have found that G-CSF invokes potent type 17 rather than type 1 or type 2 differentiation. The amplification of interleukin-17 (IL-17) production by G-CSF occurs in both CD4 and CD8 conventional T cells and is dependent on, and downstream of, G-CSF–induced IL-21 signaling. Importantly, donor IL-17A controls the infiltration of macrophages into skin and cutaneous fibrosis, manifesting late after transplantation as scleroderma. Interestingly, donor CD8 T cells were the predominant source of IL-17A after transplantation and could mediate scleroderma independently of CD4 T cells. This study provides a logical explanation for the propensity of allogeneic stem cell transplantation to invoke sclerodermatous GVHD and suggests a therapeutic strategy for intervention.
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Yue, Ying. "Database Design of Pop Music Website Development." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 3023–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.3023.
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With the rapid development of network technology, music websites gradually become a popular, and the emergence of pop music website is to meet the people's strong demand for popular music, because database plays an important role in the design of website, studying the database design of pop music website development is important. From the conception of database design, firstly, this paper studies conceptual design for the database design, conceptual design is mainly reflected in the form of an E-R diagram; then conducted logical in the database design, logical design is expressed by the pattern of table structure; finally, studies the security design of database design, describes the security policy of database. The studied content of this paper plays a supporting role for popular music website design, promotes the combination of music and websites, and enriches people's leisure life.
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Anderson, O. Roger. "Brain, Mind, and the Organization of Knowledge for Effective Recall and Application." LEARNing Landscapes 5, no. 1 (May 1, 2011): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.36510/learnland.v5i1.530.
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Modern neuroscientific research has confirmed and amplified our understanding of how we learn and subsequently recall information from memory. This paper presents a novel model of information networking in memory based on neurocognitive theory. Implications for teaching and learning are discussed—especially ways of enhancing learning of subject matter that promote its effective recall, logical organization in networks, and effective application to thinking, including problem solving and higher-order cognitive processes.
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King, Ross D., Maria Liakata, Chuan Lu, Stephen G. Oliver, and Larisa N. Soldatova. "On the formalization and reuse of scientific research." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 8, no. 63 (April 13, 2011): 1440–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2011.0029.
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The reuse of scientific knowledge obtained from one investigation in another investigation is basic to the advance of science. Scientific investigations should therefore be recorded in ways that promote the reuse of the knowledge they generate. The use of logical formalisms to describe scientific knowledge has potential advantages in facilitating such reuse. Here, we propose a formal framework for using logical formalisms to promote reuse. We demonstrate the utility of this framework by using it in a worked example from biology: demonstrating cycles of investigation formalization [ F ] and reuse [ R ] to generate new knowledge. We first used logic to formally describe a Robot scientist investigation into yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) functional genomics [ f 1 ]. With Robot scientists, unlike human scientists, the production of comprehensive metadata about their investigations is a natural by-product of the way they work. We then demonstrated how this formalism enabled the reuse of the research in investigating yeast phenotypes [ r 1 = R ( f 1 )]. This investigation found that the removal of non-essential enzymes generally resulted in enhanced growth. The phenotype investigation was then formally described using the same logical formalism as the functional genomics investigation [ f 2 = F ( r 1 )]. We then demonstrated how this formalism enabled the reuse of the phenotype investigation to investigate yeast systems-biology modelling [ r 2 = R ( f 2 )]. This investigation found that yeast flux-balance analysis models fail to predict the observed changes in growth. Finally, the systems biology investigation was formalized for reuse in future investigations [ f 3 = F ( r 2 )]. These cycles of reuse are a model for the general reuse of scientific knowledge.
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Leung, Mei-Yung, and Jingyu Yu. "Value methodology in public engagement for construction development projects." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 4, no. 1 (January 28, 2014): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-05-2012-0033.
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Purpose – The use of public engagement (PE) has been encouraged by the Hong Kong government in recent years, with the construction industry under particular pressure to employ it. However, society as a whole has been suffering as a result of various levels of discontent and conflict in many construction development projects. The logical paths to analyze public need and resolve conflict in the PE process are vague. Value methodology (VM), a logical method, is thus proposed as an initial framework to support PE activities in construction projects. The purpose of this paper is to enhance PE performance for the complicated construction development projects with the application of VM principles. Design/methodology/approach – Based on an extensive literature review, PE logical team process factors and PE outcomes were identified. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the relationships between the logical PE team decision-making process (VM application in the logical process and team behaviors) and final PE outcomes. Findings – The results showed that the PE team process with the application of VM, especially information and analysis phases, influenced PE outcomes positively. Conflict (both destructive conflict and constructive conflict) influenced PE outcomes in different directions. Practical implications – It is recommended that the information and analysis phases of VM are applied to PE process in order to achieve consensus, cultivate team spirit, improve project performance, and enhance organizational reputation. Originality/value – This paper innovatively proposes the application of VM into the PE team process in order to analyze the project logically and subsequently improve holistic PE project performance and finally promote social cohesion.
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Shekhar, Chander. "An Innovative Technique in Local Antibiotic Delivery Method in Open Infected Wounds of the Musculoskeletal System." International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds 18, no. 2 (May 8, 2019): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534734619841764.
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Bone and soft tissue infections are difficult problems in orthopedic surgery. Infections resulting in chronic osteomyelitis if established are difficult to eradicate. The delivery of local antibiotics for the treatment of open infected wounds of the musculo skeletal system is a more logical approach to treat these infections. Antibiotics given systemically are unable to achieve minimum inhibitory concentration in areas of infected wounds which are ischemic or relatively avascular. And also these antibiotics given over a prolonged period lead to significant toxicity and side effects and emergence of resistant bacteria. The author has been treating difficult cases of infected wounds sustained in road accidents, wounds (diabetic ulcers) in Diabetes Mellitus with necrotizing fasciitis and post operative infections with discharging sinuses with infected implants inside by his own innovative method of antibiotic delivery. The infected open wounds have been treated by application of Vitamin D3 granules impregnated with Tobramycin or Tobramycin and Vancomycin combined. All the patients responded successfully to this novel method of treatment which is extremely simple, effective, low cost, without any complications or side effects and has shown excellent results. Not only the Vitamin D3 granules act as a carrier of the antibiotic locally but also have properties of boosting immunity, and promote tissue healing. It also produces an antibiotic like substance Cathelicidin which kills bacteria and promotes growth of the bone and restores the bone mineral density.
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Markovits, Henry, and Marie-Laurence Brunet. "Priming divergent thinking promotes logical reasoning in 6- to 8-year olds: But more for high than low SES students." Journal of Cognitive Psychology 24, no. 8 (December 2012): 991–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2012.729034.
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Batra, Isha, Sahil Verma, Arun Malik, Kavita, Uttam Ghosh, Joel J. P. C. Rodrigues, Gia Nhu Nguyen, A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen, and Vinayagam Mariappan. "Hybrid Logical Security Framework for Privacy Preservation in the Green Internet of Things." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (July 9, 2020): 5542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145542.
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Lately, the Internet of Things (IoT) has opened up new opportunities to business and enterprises; however, the cost of providing security and privacy best practices is preventing numerous organizations from adopting this innovation. With the proliferation of connecting devices in IoT, significant increases have been recorded in energy use, harmful contamination and e-waste. A new paradigm of green IoT is aimed at designing environmentally friendly protocols by reducing the carbon impact and promote efficient techniques for energy use. There is a consistent effort of designing distinctive security structures to address vulnerabilities and attacks. However, most of the existing schemes are not energy efficient. To bridge the gap, we propose the hybrid logical security framework (HLSF), which offers authentication and data confidentiality in IoT. HLSF uses a lightweight cryptographic mechanism for unique authentication. It enhances the level of security and provides better network functionalities using energy-efficient schemes. With extensive simulation, we compare HLSF with two existing popular security schemes, namely, constrained application protocol (CoAP) and object security architecture for IoT (OSCAR). The result shows that HLSF outperforms CoAP and OSCAR in terms of throughput with low computational, storage and energy overhead, even in the presence of attackers.
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Mir, Ali. "The Hegemonic Discourse of Management Texts." Journal of Management Education 27, no. 6 (December 2003): 734–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1052562903257944.
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Mainstream management texts seek to legitimize a social order in which certain power relationships are naturalized and seen as the logical end of a historical development. Also, the ideological basis of managerialism determines the nature of the managerial discourse in which some interests are privileged whereas others are marginalized. Because they promote a managerial ideology in which sectional interests are passed off as universal, management texts can be seen, at least partly, as instruments of propaganda.
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Wong-Villarreal, Arnoldo, Gustavo Yañez-Ocampo, Emanuel Hernández-Nuñez, Hipólito Corzo-González, Germán Giácoman-Vallejos, Avel González-Sánchez, Diana Gómez-Velasco, Sandra I. Ramírez González, Orlando López-Baez, and Saúl Espinosa-Zaragoza. "Bacteria from Jatropha curcas rhizosphere, degrades aromatic hydrocarbons and promotes growth in Zea mays." Open Agriculture 4, no. 1 (December 2, 2019): 641–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2019-0066.
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AbstractThe rhizosphere is one of the most important reservoirs of microorganisms. Because of the microbial metabolic activities, these can be used for various biotechnological, agricultural and environmental purposes. In this study we evaluated five genetically related bacterial strains; Pseudomonas aeruginosa N7B1 (MG457074), Pseudomonas sp. (MG457075), Pseudomonas sp., Bf1 (MG457076) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa F23 (MG457077), isolated from Jatropha curcas rhizosphere, capable of growing and degradating benzene and phenanthrene. The hydrocarbon degradation by these strains was quantified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrophotometry. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa N7B1 strain removed 84% of phenanthrene and 45% of benzene in a seven-day period, while the other strains showed a lower hydrocarbon degradation capacity. Another biotechno-logical feature of these strains is maize growth promotion, in a substrate enriched with 0.5% of phenanthrene and 1.0% of benzene. Pseudomonas aeruginosa N7B1 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa F23 showed an increase in root and shoot fresh and dry weight, plant height and root length variables. These results open the possible use of these strains as bioinoculants to promote the growth of maize plants in phenanthrene and benzene polluted soils.
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NAIGLES, LETITIA R. "Comprehension matters: a commentary on ‘A multiple process solution to the logical problem of language acquisition’." Journal of Child Language 31, no. 4 (November 2004): 936–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000904006403.
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MacWhinney (2004) has provided a clear and welcome synthesis of many strands of the recent research addressing the logical problem of first language acquisition from a non-nativist or non-generative grammar framework. The strand that I will comment on is the one MacWhinney calls the ‘pivot’ of his proposal, namely, that acquiring a grammar is primarily a function of learning ITEM-BASEDPATTERNS (e.g. pp. 23–29, 41, passim). These item-based patterns serve a number of dominant roles within MacWhinney's proposal, including enforcing children's conservatism (thereby reducing greatly their overgeneralizations and need to recover from the same), supporting the probabilistic nature of grammar, and enabling the competition that promotes recovery from the overgeneralizations that do occur. My concern here is primarily with the first role, that of enforcing children's conservatism, and especially with the exclusive use of language PRODUCTION as the demonstrated support of this conservatism.
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Barrows, Richard, and Bruce Murray. "Using Quality Function Deployment to Improve Academic Advising Processes." NACADA Journal 17, no. 1 (March 1, 1997): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12930/0271-9517-17.1.22.
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Quality Function Deployment (QFD), a set of concepts and tools often used in manufacturing engineering to link consumer needs with product design, can be used to improve academic advising systems and processes. QFD promotes a structured and logical examination of students' advising needs and a rigorous examination of the relationship of these needs to the design of advising systems, processes, methods, and tools. Because its conceptual base is radically different from the disciplines underpinning advising theory, QFD can offer advising leadership useful insights and avenues for advising improvement.
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Sessa, Maria Rosaria, Benedetta Esposito, Daniela Sica, and Ornella Malandrino. "A Logical-Mathematical Approach for the Implementation of Ecologically Equipped Productive Urban Areas." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 28, 2021): 1365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031365.
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Sustainability is a complex phenomenon that refers to economic, environmental, and social aspects. Any concept of sustainable urban development must incorporate sectoral concepts; these must be well integrated into the overarching urban, regional, and governance policies. One sectoral policy of great importance is the redevelopment processes of disused industrial areas into Sustainable Industrial Areas (AIS), Ecologically Equipped Productive Areas (APEA), or Eco-Industrial Parks (EIP). These territories, as socioeconomic systems that are being observed in the framework of the development of sustainability monitoring, are complex objects for evaluation due to the presence of a large number of interconnections between the constituent elements and hierarchical levels (sectors and spheres). For this reason, it is necessary that a new interpretation of economical, natural, and social phenomena, following a systemic and integrated approach, is able to reinterpret them for the dissemination of an ecologically and socially sustainable economy. The purpose of this work is to analyse the state of realisation of APEA on the Italian national territory, in order to understand the real benefits of production areas managed through eco-efficiency standards and to guarantee an integrated management system of environmental aspects. An additional aim is to consider a logical-mathematical model that would be able to support territorial policies in the identification of suitable areas to be converted into APEA, in order to promote sustainable development of the territory.
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Lokaichuk, Svitlana. "Stylistic Devices in Yevhen Sverstiuk’s Essay “Cathedral in Scaffoldingˮ." Ukrainian Linguistics, no. 50 (2020): 146–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/um/50(2020).146-158.
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The article considers stylistic devices in the essay of Ye. Sverstyuk “Cathedral in Scaffolding” as important linguistic means of expressiveness and logic organization of the publicistic text. Studying the category of expressiveness, which is provided by language means, is especially relevant for the study of the journalistic style genres, which perform two main interrelated functions – informing and affecting the reader. The purpose of the research is to analyze stylistic devices in Yevhen Sverstiuk’s essay “Cathedral in Scaffoldingˮ as important linguistic means of the logical and emotionally-expressive organization of the text. The emphasis is laid on the analysis of the figures of speech, most inherent in the intellectual and polemic style of the author’s narrative, namely, antithesis, parcelling, rhetorical questions, inversion, and stylistic devices of repetition (anaphora, epiphora), composite links. Stylistic devices make the text logical and expressive. The logical function of a stylistic device provides information correctness of the text, promotes its division into semantic segments/ fragments. The expressiveness is achieved by mental operations of convergence or opposition of concepts due to skillful changes of the author’s language tactics and results in the enhanced influence on the reader. Ye. Sverstyuk uses stylistic figures to draw the attention of the addressee (by highlighting keywords), to emphasize his point of view and provide the coherence of the discourse.
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Carmona-Medeiro, Enrique, and José María Cardeñoso Domingo. "Social Interaction: A Crucial Means to Promote Sustainability in Initial Teacher Training." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (August 3, 2021): 8666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158666.
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This study aims to identify the set of elements in the educational process that affect the creation of a teaching profile consistent with the principles of sustainability. In this research, we focus on identifying those sustainability attributes related to understanding social interaction and its role in the learning process of logical-mathematical knowledge. Social interaction is an essential part of the principle of collaboration. The study participants were 133 future teachers, students of the degree in Early Childhood Education at the Universidad de Cádiz (Spain). Qualitative methods and techniques were used to collect data, and mixed methods and techniques were employed for their analysis. The data relating to the student’s perception of the importance of social interaction in learning were gathered through the final reports produced by the students. The data were processed by classifying them into categories and subcategories. The meaning condensation method used enabled identifying 33 sustainability attributes linked to socio-cultural learning. Those attributes identify and describe the internal dynamics of cooperative learning and show the synergies and interrelationships between social interactions, socio-cognitive conflict and language. The results stress the importance of a meaningful understanding of the role of social interaction in learning in order to promote the principles of sustainability.
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Ramos, Déborah Karollyne Ribeiro, Simone Karine Da Costa Mesquita, Mayana Camila Barbosa Galvão, and Bertha Cruz Enders. "Paradigmas da saúde e a (des)valorização do cuidado em enfermagem." Enfermagem em Foco 4, no. 1 (February 28, 2013): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21675/2357-707x.2013.v4.n1.501.
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Este artigo objetiva promover uma reflexão crítica acerca da influência paradigmática na (des)valorização do cuidado em enfermagem, abordando os aspectos teórico-conceituais que regem a prática desta categoria profissional. Trata-se de um ensaio teórico e analítico, apresentado na forma de exposição lógico-reflexiva, com ênfase na argumentação e interpretação pessoal. O cuidado de enfermagem sofre influência de paradigmas que permeiam os modelos de atenção à saúde no Brasil. Tal fato implica diretamente nas divergências evidenciadas na práxis dos profissionais da área e nos impulsiona a repensar o saber/fazer da profissão.Descritores: Cuidados de Enfermagem, Atenção à Saúde, Enfermagem.Health paradigms and (de)valorization of the nursing careThis article aims to promote a critical reflection on the paradigmatic influence on the (de)valorization of the nursing care, approaching the theoretical-conceptual aspects ruling the practice of this profession. This is a theoretical and analytical study, presented as a logical-reflexive exposition, focusing on the personal argumentation and interpretation. The nursing care is influenced by paradigms permeating the healthcare models in Brazil. Such fact directly implies the evidenced divergences in the praxis of the professionals in this area and makes us to have a second thought on the knowing/doing aspects of the profession.Descriptors: Nursing Care, Healthcare, Nursing.Paradigmas de la salud y la (des)valorización del cuidado en enfermeríaEste artículo tiene el objetivo de promover una reflexión crítica sobre la influencia paradigmática en la (des)valorización del cuidado en enfermería, abordando los aspectos teóricos e conceptuales que rigen la práctica de esta categoría profesional. Se trata de un ensayo teórico y analítico, presentado en la forma de exposición lógica y reflexiva, con énfasis en la argumentación e interpretación personal. El cuidado de enfermería sufre influencia de paradigmas que permean los modelos de atención a la salud en Brasil. Tal hecho implica directamente en las divergencias evidenciadas en la praxis de los profesionales del área y nos impulsa a repensar el saber/hacer de la profesión.Descriptores: Cuidados de Enfermería, Atención a la Salud, Enfermería.
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Smaling, Adri. "Argumentation, Cooperation and Charity in Qualitative Enquiry." Dialogue and Universalism 6, no. 5 (1996): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du199665/617.
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Contemporary argumentation theory or informal logic is the appropriate logical basis of qualitative inquiry. The communicative principles of cooperation and charity are essential within argumentation theory. An optimal observance of these principles, for strategical reasons for example, is of methodological relevance to qualitative research. In addition, an ethically motivated optimalization of the observance may also enhance methodological quality, especially dialogical intersubjectivity or openness. Moreover, this ethically motivated observance may be supported by a philosophy of life, which may stimulate opting for qualitative inquiry and promote its methodological quality.
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Fogel, David B. "Evolving Behaviors in the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma." Evolutionary Computation 1, no. 1 (March 1993): 77–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/evco.1993.1.1.77.
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Evolutionary programming experiments are conducted to investigate the conditions that promote the evolution of cooperative behavior in the iterated prisoner's dilemma. A population of logical stimulus-response devices is maintained over successive generations with selection based on individual fitness. The reward for selfish behavior is varied across a series of trials. Simulations indicate three distinct patterns of behaviors in which mutual cooperation is inevitable, improbable, or apparently random. The ultimate behavior can be reliably predicted by examining the payoff matrix that defines the reward for alternative joint behaviors.
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Del Moral Pérez, María Esther, Alba Patricia Guzmán Duque, and Laura Carlota Fernández García. "Game-Based Learning: Increasing the Logical-Mathematical, Naturalistic, and Linguistic Learning Levels of Primary School Students." Journal of New Approaches in Educational Research 7, no. 1 (January 15, 2018): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7821/naer.2018.1.248.
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Game-based learning is an innovative methodology that takes advantage of the educational potential offered by videogames in general and serious games in particular to boost training processes, thus making it easier for users to achieve motivated learning. The present paper focuses on the description of the Game to Learn Project, which has as its aim not only to promote the use of serious games and digital mini-games for the development of Multiple Intelligences, but also to analyse whether this methodology results in increased learning. Teachers assessed the level achieved by primary education students (N=119) in each learning category, before and after participating in the project, by means of a qualitative instrument. Finally, after corresponding analysis through descriptive statistical techniques, bivariate correlations, and ANOVA, the results showed significant differences between children’s learning levels in logical-mathematical, naturalistic and linguistic abilities before and after their participation in this innovative project, thus revealing a widespread increase in every indicator.
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Deimante-Hartmane, Dagnija. "Systemic Approach to the Development of Independent English Study Skills in Upper-Secondary School." SOCIETY, INTEGRATION, EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 1 (May 9, 2015): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2012vol1.17.
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<p>The article focuses on the issue of the development of students’independent study skills within the school environment linking the study process with activities carried out after classes. Systemic approach to studies implemented both by teachers and students ensures logical and natural connection with students’ study activities after school. Systemic approach to studies creates school environment that promotes willingness to succeed and school environment that supports learning leads to systemic approach to studies after classes. Research shows that both students and teachers understand the importance of the development of independent study skills.</p>
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Zhang, Yuan Yuan. "The Enterprise Stratagem Diagnostic System Based on Agent." Advanced Materials Research 760-762 (September 2013): 1008–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.760-762.1008.
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In order to solve the problem of The Enterprise Stratagem Diagnostic ,the system based on Agent by investigation is proposed. This paper presents the Aglet which is used to develop Agent. It uses diversified mutual mechanism to integrative analysis, studying and implement on logical stratagem diagnostic. The paper concretely declares the Master-Slave design pattern which satisfies the system and the Itinerary which is the intelligent rout arithmetic. The Master-Slave design pattern which is favorable of system development advances the repetition of code. The Itinerary arithmetic promotes the security of system and implements the intelligent of Aglet.
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Sokolenko, Ya Yu. "Social Media Marketing as a tool to promote regional investment web portals in the information environment." Regional Economics: Theory and Practice 18, no. 11 (November 13, 2020): 2167–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/re.18.11.2167.
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Subject. This article focuses on the investment web portal as a necessary communication tool and a way to govern the investment attractiveness of the region. Objectives. The article aims to conduct a comprehensive study of the problem of promoting regional investment web portals in the information environment. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of logical and statistical analyses, induction and deduction, comparison, and generalization. Results. The article describes the advantages of Internet portals of investment projects and the peculiarities of using Social Media Marketing (SMM) within public structures. It highlights the function of social networks in the process of interacting with the audience. Conclusions. Social Media Marketing is an integral tool for engaging with the investment community and one of the most effective ways to promote a regional investment web portal. The presented original methodology can be used by regional investment portals to analyze interaction with the audience and design a development strategy.
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Antonov, A. V. "IS MARXISM A HISTORICAL MATERIALISM?" RUDN Journal of Philosophy 23, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 222–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2302-2019-23-2-222-229.
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The paper proves that a historical method in Marxism is not identified to a dialectical method. The logic of history and the logic of its analysis in Marxism do not always coincide. The Logical coincides with the Historical only in eternity as it actually occurs in the works by G.V.F. Hegel. Eternity which has already witnessed everything does not know history any more. In the same way, history also begins there where the eternity comes to an end. Therefore, artificial identification of the Logical with the Historical in Marxism led sometimes to actual mistakes. It is no wonder that it has always caused discussions in Marxism. They are mainly explained by the fact that the deductive, abstract-to-concrete method in which the “General” appears before the “Concrete” is an anti-historical method in its Nature. In real human history the “General” which is generalization of many “Concrete” could not appear before the latter in any way. For this reason, the real historical materialism needs an inductive method of knowledge. Only in that case historical materialism will cease to remain the soviet “histmat” and becomes the real form of a new world outlook. The author is of the opinion that the Party spirit of the Soviet philosophy promoted preservation of the anomalies mentioned in Marxism. The open discussion could help to find valid but not inherited from Hegel relation of historical and logical methods in Marxism.
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Kiely, John. "Periodization Paradigms in the 21st Century: Evidence-Led or Tradition-Driven?" International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 7, no. 3 (September 2012): 242–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.7.3.242.
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The planning and organization of athletic training have historically been much discussed and debated in the coaching and sports science literature. Various influential periodization theorists have devised, promoted, and substantiated particular training-planning models based on interpretation of the scientific evidence and individual beliefs and experiences. Superficially, these proposed planning models appear to differ substantially. However, at a deeper level, it can be suggested that such models share a deep-rooted cultural heritage underpinned by a common set of historically pervasive planning beliefs and assumptions. A concern with certain of these formative assumptions is that, although no longer scientifically justifiable, their shaping influence remains deeply embedded. In recent years substantial evidence has emerged demonstrating that training responses vary extensively, depending upon multiple underlying factors. Such findings challenge the appropriateness of applying generic methodologies, founded in overly simplistic rule-based decision making, to the planning problems posed by inherently complex biological systems. The purpose of this review is not to suggest a whole-scale rejection of periodization theories but to promote a refined awareness of their various strengths and weaknesses. Eminent periodization theorists—and their variously proposed periodization models—have contributed substantially to the evolution of training-planning practice. However, there is a logical line of reasoning suggesting an urgent need for periodization theories to be realigned with contemporary elite practice and modern scientific conceptual models. In concluding, it is recommended that increased emphasis be placed on the design and implementation of sensitive and responsive training systems that facilitate the guided emergence of customized context-specific training-planning solutions.