Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pronomi personali

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Academic literature on the topic 'Pronomi personali'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Pronomi personali"

1

Sornicola, Rosanna. "Sui pronomi personali di prima e seconda persona plurale in italiano." Linguistica 31, no. 1 (December 1, 1991): 269–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.31.1.269-278.

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Nella sua fondamentale Grammatica storica dell'italiano Tekavčić accoglie come spiegazione delle forme pronominali italiane noi, voi una trafila che parte dalle forme nominativo-accusative latine NŌS, VŌS ed esibisce un successivo sviluppo fonetico caratteristico dei monosillabi con uscita in -s, ovvero /si-> /y/. La tesi di una evoluzione di /s/ in posizione finale in /y/, nell'area che include toscano, dialetti italiani centro-meridionali e balcano-romanzo (veglioto, romeno) era già stata avanzata da Reichenkron (1939). In tale area sia parole monosillabiche che polisillabiche presenterebbero questo sviluppo. Ad esemplificare le prime sono chiamate in causa forme come rom. e it. dai < DAS, rom. e it. stai < STAS, rom. e it. poi < POS ( < POST), it. centr. e merid. crai < CRAS, it. merid. ccuy e it. più < PLUS, rom. e it. merid. trei < TRES, oltre per l'appunto, alle forme pronominali rom., vegl. e it. noi < NOS e voi < VOS. Nei polisillabi questo sviluppo si mostrerebbe con minore evidenza, perché qui /y / si sarebbe fusa con la vocale atona precedente, o sarebbe caduta: si pensi all'it. ant. cante (it. mod canti), tosc. sett. canta, rom. cânţi < CANTAS; it. vedi, rom. vezi < VIDES, e così via.
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Renzi, Lorenzo. "Per una storia della struttura della frase in italiano: il fiorentino del Cinquecento." Linguistica 31, no. 1 (December 1, 1991): 201–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.31.1.201-210.

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Nella storia dell'italiano la struttura della frase è cambiata più di una volta. Con la struttura della frase cambiano anche le regale da cui dipendono: 1) la presenza e la posizione dei pronomi personali soggetto, 2) la posizione dei pronomi clitici obliqui adverbali, presenti in tutte le fasi dell'italiano come delle altre lingue romanze. La prima fase è quella dell'italiano antico, cioè del fiorentino dalla prima documentazione, nel Duecento avanzato, al Quattrocento. Questa fase è illustrata, assieme a quella delle altre lingue romanze, in Vanelli, Renzi e Benincà 1985, Renzi 1990 e in corso di stampa, e più in dettaglio in Vanelli 1986 (per lo status teorico del tipo romanzo antico, v. Benincà 1983-84). Ne riprendo brevemente qui le linee essenziali, per passare poi al tema centrale di questo studio, la struttura del fiorentino del Cinquecento. Accennerò poi al tema della separazione dell'italiano letterario dal fiorentino e agli svolgimenti successivi divergenti dell'italiano e del fiorentino.
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BEN ARBIA, Achraf. "PRONOMS PERSONNELS COMPLÉMENTS DISJOINTS ET PRONOMS ADVERBIAUX EN ET Y : FONCTIONNEMENT SÉMANTIQUE ET MODE DE DONATION DU RÉFÉRENT." FRANCISOLA 1, no. 2 (March 1, 2017): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/francisola.v1i2.5548.

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RÉSUMÉ. Notre objectif consistera à étudier, d’un point de vue contrastif, le fonctionnement référentiel des pronoms adverbiaux en et y et des pronoms personnels compléments disjoints en français classique et en français moderne. Cette étude opposera le mode de donation référentielle des pronoms adverbiaux et des pronoms personnels disjoints. Autrement dit, nous mettrons l’accent sur les propriétés inhérentes à l’emploi de ces pronoms dans leur acception anaphorique. Ces propriétés sont en rapport direct avec leur fonctionnement sémantique au sein des textes de la période classique par rapport à leur fonctionnement en français moderne. Nous passerons en revue la nature sémantique de l’antécédent de ces pronoms anaphoriques tout en faisant ressortir les confusions en termes de traits sémantiques [Humain] vs [Non-humain] ou [animé] vs [inanimé]. Nous essaierons également de démontrer que ces confusions dans l’emploi des pronoms adverbiaux et des pronoms personnels constituent une source d’ambiguïté référentielle au sein des textes classiques et entravent la résolution de certains rapports anaphoriques en termes de rattachement du pronom à l’antécédent approprié.Mots-clés : ambiguïté référentielle, cohérence textuelle, confusion sémantique, pronoms, adverbiaux, pronoms personnels disjoints, trait sémantique. ABSTRACT. This paper aims to study, from a contrastive point of view, the repository operation pronouns and adverbial in there and disjointed personal pronouns in classic French and modern French. This study will oppose the mode of donation referential pronouns and adverbial personal pronouns disjoint. In other words, we will focus on the properties inherent in the use of these pronouns in their anaphoric sense. These properties are directly related to their semantic operation in the texts of the classical period in relation to their functioning in modern French. We will review the semantic nature of the antecedent of the pronoun anaphoric while highlighting the confusion in terms of semantic features [Human] vs [Not Human] or [animate] vs [inanimate]. We will also try to show that these confusions in the use of adverbial pronouns and personal pronouns are a source of referential ambiguity in classical texts and impede the resolution of certain anaphoric relations in terms of attachment of the appropriate pronoun antecedent.Keywords: adverbial pronouns, disjunctive personal pronouns, semantic feature, semantic confusion, referential ambiguity, textual coherence.
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Sousa, Valéria Viana. "Uma análise do pronome você nos tempos de agora ( An analysis of the pronoun "você" (you) nowadays)." Estudos da Língua(gem) 10, no. 2 (December 30, 2012): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.22481/el.v10i2.1194.

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Nos eventos discursivos, o pronome “você” tem sido apresentado como o pronome pessoal mais produtivo na atualidade. Esse pronome traz como característica a capacidade de direcionar o texto especificamente a um leitor/ ouvinte e, simultaneamente, também direcioná-lo a um grupo mais particular ou, ainda, a um grupo mais amplo. Com isso, vem se tornando uma espécie de “pronome curinga” em campanhas publicitárias. Nesta perspectiva, no presente artigo, observando as condições de frequência e produtividade, analisamos o referido pronome em doze mensagens veiculadas no suporte outdoor. Para tanto, ancoramo-nos teoricamente nos princípios de iconicidade e de metaiconicidade, postulados do funcionalismo linguístico de orientação givoniana.PALAVRAS-CHAVE : Pronome você. Funcionalismo linguístico. Suporte outdoor.ABSTRACT In discursive events, the pronoun “you” has been presented as the personal pronoun more productive today. This pronoun shows as feature the ability to specifically target the text to a reader / listener, and simultaneously also direct the communicative situation to a more particular group or even a larger group. With this, the personal pronoun “you” has become a kind of “wildcard pronoun” in advertising campaigns. In this perspective, we observe the conditions of frequency and productivity, and we analyze the pronoun “you” in twelve messages conveyed in billboards. Therefore, based on the principles of iconicity of meta-iconicity, we explain that situation using the assumptions of functionalism linguistic as Givón has proposed. KEYWORDS : Você Pronoun. Linguistic functionalism. Iconicity.
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Ruriana, Puspa. "PRONOMINA PERSONA DAN BENTUK-BENTUK LAIN PENGGANTI PRONOMINA PERSONA DALAM BAHASA BLAMBANGAN (PERSONAL PRONOUN AND OTHER FORMS OF PERSONAL PRONOUN IN THE BLAMBANGAN LANGUAGE)." Metalingua: Jurnal Penelitian Bahasa 16, no. 2 (January 27, 2019): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/metalingua.v16i2.254.

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Pronomina persona atau kata ganti orang adalah kata yang digunakan untuk pengganti orang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk pronomina persona dalam bahasa Blambangan dan bentuk-bentuk lain pengganti pronomina persona dalam bahasa Blambangan. Ada beberapa masalah dalam penelitian ini. Pertama, bagaimanakah bentuk-bentuk pronomina persona dalam bahasa Blambangan, dan kedua adalah bagaimanakah bentuk-bentuk lain pengganti pronomina persona pada bahasa Blambangan. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah metode simak atau observasi. Metode simak yang diterapkan adalah simak, libat, tak cakap. Metode ini digunakan dengan tujuan agar data yang diperoleh benar-benar alami dan sesuai dengan fakta di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada tiga pronomina persona dalam bahasa Blambangan, yaitu pronomina persona pertama, pronomina persona kedua, dan pronomina persona ketiga. Selain ketiga bentuk tersebut ditemukan pula adanya bentuk-bentuk lain pengganti pronomina persona dalam bahasa Blambangan.
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Salamun, Taufik. "DEIKSIS PERSONA BAHASA INDONESIA DIALEK AMBON [Personal Deixes of Indonesian Leanguage With Ambonese Dialect]." TOTOBUANG 5, no. 2 (January 28, 2018): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/ttbng.v5i2.41.

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Personal deixis of Indonesian language especially in Ambonese dialect are widely use in everyday conversation. This study aimed to describe the forms of personal deixes in Indonesian Leanguage with Ambon Dialect. The research was conducted as a descriptive qualitative study. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study of objective language phenomena. The data research were oral data obtained from communicative interaction in the Ambon society in the city and its surroundings. The data were collected from people of various ages who used Indonesian language with Ambon dialect. The data were collected using the method of observation with recording and note-taking techniques. The classified data were analysed using the descriptive qualitative method. The results show that the deixes in Indonesian leanguage with Ambon dialect consist of the first singular and plural personal pronoun, second singular and plural pronoun, third singular and plural personal pronoun, and personal pronouns of kinsip lexeme. Deiksis persona bahasa Indonesia dialek ambon banyak digunakan dalam percakapan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk deiksis persona bahasa Indonesia dialek Ambon. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif yang mengkaji fenomena kebahasaan yang secara objektif. Data dalam penelitian berupa data lisan yang bersumber dari tindak komunikasi masyarakat kota Ambon dan sekitarnya yang terdiri atas semua rentan usia, yang menggunakan bahasa Indonesia dialek Ambon. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan metode observasi melalui teknik rekam dan catat. Data yang telah diklasifikasi dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa deiksis bahasa Indonesia dialek ambon terdiri atas pronomina persona pertama tunggal dan jamak, pronomina persona kedua tunggal dan jamak, pronomina persona ketiga tunggal dan jamak, dan pronomina persona leksem kekerabatan.
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Imran, Muh Ali, and Nur Resky Evawanti. "ANALISIS BENTUK DAN FUNGSI REFERENSI PERSONAL DALAM NOVEL REMBULAN TENGGELAM DIWAJAHMU KARYA TERE LIYE." KONFIKS : JURNAL BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA 2, no. 1 (February 9, 2017): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26618/jk.v2i1.403.

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AbstractThe main problem in this research how to find out about the form and function of personal references in the novel Rembulan Tenggelam di Wajahmu in order to determine the differences contained in the novel especially those on personal references contained therein. This research was a literature review of research that contains one topic that contains some ideas or propositions related and must be supported by the data obtained from literature sources. This research procedure included planning, action and analysis. Subjects in this study was the novel of Rembulan Tenggelam di Wajahmu. The results showed that the observation of novel moon sinking in the face are analyzed on personal references indicate that there are a lot of words including personal references such as personal pronoun first (referring to himself), pronouns second person (referring to the speaker) , and the third person pronoun (which refers to the person in question). Based on these results above, it can be concluded that the words include references persona there are differences both in writing and in speech.Keywords: Novel, personal referencesAbstrakMasalah utama dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaimana mengetahui tentang bentuk dan fungsi referensi personal di dalam novel Rembulan Tenggelam di Wajahmu dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan yang terdapat di dalam novel tersebut terkhusus pada referensi personal yang terdapat di dalamnya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kajian pustaka yang berisi satu topik yang memuat beberapa gagasan atau proposisi yang berkaitan dan harus didukung oleh data yang diperoleh dari sumber pustaka. Prosedur penelitian ini meleputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, dan analisis. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah novel rembulan tenggelam di wajahmu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pengamatan terhadap novel rembulan tenggelam di wajahmu yang menganalisis tentang referensi personal menunjukkan bahwa terdapat banyak kata-kata yang termasuk referensi personal seperti pronomina persona pertama( yang mengacu pada diri sendiri), pronomina persona kedua (yang mengacu pada lawan bicara), dan pronomina persona ketiga (yang mengacu pada orang yang dibicarakan). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut diatas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kata-kata yang mencakup referensi persona terdapat perbedaan baik didalam penulisan maupun didalam tuturan. Kata kunci: Novel,referensi personal
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Paperno, Denis. "Personal Pronoun Morphology." Mandenkan, no. 51 (June 1, 2014): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/mandenkan.558.

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Bubenik, Vit. "Inflectional Morphology and Clitics in Functional Grammar." Diachronica 10, no. 2 (January 1, 1993): 165–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.10.2.02bub.

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SUMMARY The Theory of Functional Grammar (S. C. Dik 1989) does not recognize explicitly the INFLECTIONAL type in addition to the FREE PRONOUN, CLITIC and APPOSITIONAL types. On the basis of data from a number of IE and non-IE languages, this paper presents cogent evidence for its recognition. It is argued that the CLITIC type is insufficient to cover data of both agglutinative and inflectional languages, or, from the point of typology based on pronominal elements, to distinguish between referring to participants in discourse by means of pronominal clitics vs. personal affixes which are not synchronically analyz-able as clitics. The distribution of individual features characterizing the four types is examined in considerable detail: e.g., the interference with tense/aspect is a typical phenomenon in the FREE PRONOUN and INFLECTIONAL types as opposed to the other two; the INFLECTIONAL type has the highest number of pronominal sets and only in this type do the pronouns develop adjectival characteristics. In the diachronic section various shifts from the FREE PRONOUN to the CLITIC to the INFLECTIONAL or APPOSITIONAL type in the history of individual languages are examined, and it is shown that the degree of flexivity may vary from one to another language, or even within one language from one to another morphological category. RÉSUMÉ La théorie de la grammaire fonctionnelle (S.C. Dik 1989) ne reconnaît pas explicitement l'existence du type INFLECTIONNEL en plus des types PRONOM LIBRE, CLITIQUE et APPOSITIONNEL. Basé sur l'analyse de données de plu-sieures langues indo-européennes et non-indo-européennes, cet article présente une argumentation en faveur de la reconnaissance d'une catégorie INFLEC-TIONNELLE. On soutient que la catégorie CLITIQUE est nettement insuffisante pour recouvrir les données tant des langues agglutinatives que des langues inflectionnelles; en plus, du point de vue d'une typologie basée sur les éléments pronominaux, la catégorie CLITIQUE ne distingue pas les actants marqués par les pronoms clitiques de ceux marqués par les désinences personelles du verbe, qui ne sont pas synchroniquement analysables comme des clitiques. La distribution des traits individuels qui caracterisent les quatre types est examinée en détail: par exemple, l'interférence entre le temps et l'aspect est un phénomène typique des types PRONOM LIBRE et INFLECTIONNEL mais non des deux autres; le type INFLECTIONNEL possède le plus grand nombre de séries pronominales et c'est seulement dans ce type-ci ou les pronoms développent des caractéristiques adjectivales. Dans la partie diachronique de l'article, de diverses transitions du type PRONOM LIBRE au type CLITIQUE et ensuite au type INFLECTIONNEL ou APPOSITIONNEL dans l'histoire de certaines langues sont examinées d'une langue à l'autre mais aussi dans les catégories morphologiques d'une seule et même langue. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Die Theorie der 'Funktionellen Grammatik' (S. C. Dik 1989) erkennt nicht ausdrücklich den FLEKTIVEN Typus zuzüglich der FREIFÜRWORT-, KLITIK-und APPOSITIONELLEN Typen an. Aufgrund von Material aus verschiedenen indo-europäischen und nicht-indo-europäischen Sprachen bietet dieser Aufsatz zwingenden Beweis für seine Anerkennung. Es wird festgestellt, daB der bloße KLITIK-Typus nicht genügt, die Daten sowohl agglutinierender als auch flek-tierender Sprachen um zubedecken. Aus der Hinsicht der auf die pronominalen Elemente gegründeten Typologie, kann er nicht zwischen Hinweis auf die Dis-kursteilnehmer mittels pronominaler Klitika im Gegensatz zu pronominalen Affixen, die synchronisch nicht als Klitika analysierbar sind, unterscheiden. Die Verteilung einzelner Merkmale, die für diese vier Typen charakteristisch sind, wird hier im Detail untersucht; z.B. die Interferenz Tempus/Aspekt ist ein typisches Phänomen im FREIFÜRWORT- und FLEKTIVEN Typus gegenüber den zwei anderen; der FLEKTIVE Typus besitzt die höchste Anzahl von Fürwort-reihen und nur in diesem Typus entwickeln die Fürworte adjektivische Merkmale. Im diachronischen Teil dieses Aufsatzes werden verschiedene Verschie-bungen vom FREIFÜRWORT- zum KLITIK- zum FLEKTIVEN oder APPOSITIONELLEN Typus in der Geschichte einzelner Sprachen untersucht. Es wird nach-gewiesen, daB die Stufe der Flexivität nicht nur von einer zur anderen Sprache sondern sogar innerhalb einer Sprache von einer zur anderen morphologischen Kategorie variieren kann.
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Wulandari, Siti Wahyuni Sulistya. "FUNGSI PRONOMINA PERSONA PERTAMA DALAM BAHASA SASAK DIALEK MENU-MENI (FIRST PERSONAL PRONOUN FUNCTION IN DIALECT MENU-MENI OF SASAK LANGUAGE)." Metalingua: Jurnal Penelitian Bahasa 17, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/metalingua.v17i1.262.

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AbstractThis writing discusses the possible syntactic functions for each form of first personal pronouns using descriptive-qualitative method. Data were collected by several techniques, namely observing, recording, listening, interviewing, using intuition, and writing (fonetics transcription). Data were analyzed using distributional method. The result shows that generally, based on the forms, the free personal pronouns have more possible syntactic functions than the bound ones. The free first personal pronouns such as aku, itǝ, and itǝ padǝ, can fill the syntactic functions of subject,object, and complement, while the bound ones such as -kɔ, -ɳkɔ, dan -ntɛ in Menu-Meni dialect of Sasak language can fill the syntactic function of subject and object Keywords: syntactic function, personal pronoun, Sasak languageAbstrakPenelitian ini membahas fungsi-fungsi sintaksis yang dapat diduduki oleh masingmasing bentuk pronomina persona pertama. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif-kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan peneliti meliputi teknik observasi, teknik rekam, teknik sadap, teknik wawancara, teknik intuisi, dan teknik catat (teknik transkripsi fonetis). Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode agih atau distribusional. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa secara umum dapat dilihat bahwa pronomina persona pertama yang bentuknya bebas (pronomina bebas) memiliki fungsi yang lebih banyak jika dibandingkandengan fungsi sintaksis yang dapat diduduki oleh pronomina persona bentuk terikat. Bentuk pronomina persona pertama yang bebas (bentuk tidak terikat), seperti aku, itǝ, dan itǝ padǝ merupakan bentuk yang dapat menduduki fungsi subjek, objek, dan keterangan. Adapun bentuk terikat, seperti -kɔ, -ɳkɔ, dan -ntɛ dalam bahasa Sasak dialek Menu-Meni, bersifat dapat menduduki fungsi sintaksis subjek dan objek.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pronomi personali"

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Gualdi, Valentina. "Analisi del linguaggio politico italiano nel periodo pre e post referendum costituzionale 2016." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/12713/.

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Questo elaborato analizza le particolarità del linguaggio politico partendo dai resoconti stenografici dell’Assemblea della Camera dei deputati di novembre e dicembre 2016. Dopo aver introdotto la struttura delle sedute dell’Assemblea per comprendere il genere di evento comunicativo in cui i discorsi hanno luogo, l’analisi vera e propria inizia con l’esame del ruolo del Presidente e di come il suo modo di esprimersi sia profondamente legato alla prassi stabilita dal Regolamento della Camera. Successivamente sono analizzati aspetti dei discorsi quali i modi di dire, i forestierismi e le espressioni usate ripetutamente dai deputati, qui chiamati “futuri plastismi”. È poi prestata particolare attenzione alle scelte linguistiche dei deputati, considerando: l’uso dei pronomi personali soggetto (io, noi, voi e l’impersonale); le occorrenze di alcuni gli avverbi; e l’uso di alcune locuzioni preposizionali. Infine, questo elaborato affronta la questione della comunicazione conflittuale alla Camera dei deputati e di come questa influenzi le scelte linguistiche dei partecipanti, spiegando come affermazioni ironiche e modi di dire abbiano un’importante ruolo nella gestione del conflitto, concludendo con alcune considerazioni che “tireranno le somme” delle osservazioni fatte, descrivendo un discorso politico “tipo” di fine 2016. Lo scopo di questa tesi, al termine di un corso di laurea magistrale in interpretazione, è di fare chiarezza su alcuni fenomeni tipici del linguaggio politico che possono rendere i discorsi complessi da interpretare.
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Wang, Cong. "Études sur le pronom personnel du chinois." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCF020.

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La thèse présentera nos recherches sur le pronom personnel du chinois sur les plans syntaxique, sémantique et pragmatique. Les approches synchronique diachronique et typologique seront conjuguées pour étudier le nombre, et sa fonction. Les conclusions qui en découlent sont les suivantes: (1) La fusion phonétique du pronom personnel et la marque du pluriel «men » [+humain] se divise en quatre types et son évolution pourrait s’expliquer par le phénomène « cline » dans le processus de grammaticalisation.(2) La subjectivité et l’objectivité ont causé la différence fonctionnelle des pronoms. (3) Les noms et les démonstratifs constituent les sources du système pronominal en chinois. Le contexte permet au démonstratif d’évoluer vers le pronom personnel ; (4) La distribution des pronoms inclusif et exclusifs est répartie en deux groupes, nord et sud. La ligne de démarcation traverse le dialecte Hui (situé à Anhui). Au groupe nord, la lexicalisation et la grammaticalisation du système de pronom s’avèrent plus développées que le groupe du sud. Le besoin de la restructuration interne en langue chinoise est responsable de l’apparition des pronoms inclusif et exclusif, cette opposition est d’une part héritée du chinois ancien et d’autre part influencée par les langues Altaïques au nord. Le système du pronom personnel en chinois ancien et moderne, manifeste une forte tendance de simplification, ceci est également attesté dans toutes les langue Sinitiques
In this thesis, we set the personal pronouns as the studying object. Based on the three planes of syntax, semantic and pragmatic, we combine the diachronic and synchronic investigation methods and do the research respectively from the perspectives of number category, functional performance, diachronic evolution and typological language. The conclusions are: (1) we divide the phonetics fusion of plural marker “men” [+ human] and personal pronouns into four types, and its evolution could be explained by the phenomenon "cline" in the process of grammaticalization. (2) The subjectivity and objectivity are the cause of the different functions of pronouns. (3) The nouns and demonstratives constitute the sources of the pronoun system in Chinese. The context is the fundamental reason that affects the evolution of demonstrative pronouns to personal pronouns. (4) The distribution of inclusive and exclusive pronouns is divided into two group, north and south. The boundary line is the Hui dialect (located in Anhui). In North group, the lexicalization and grammaticalization of the pronoun system are more developed than the southern group. The need for internal restructuring in the Chinese language is responsible for the development of inclusive and exclusive pronouns. This opposition is firstly inherited from ancient Chinese and partly influenced by the Altaic north. The system of the personal pronoun in ancient and modern Chinese shows strong simplification trend, which is also attested in all Sinitic languages
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AraÃjo, Francisco Jardes Nobre. "A variaÃÃo do TE/LHE em cartas pessoais de cearenses no sÃculo XX." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12192.

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FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do CearÃ
A variaÃÃo linguÃstica à um fenÃmeno universal que atinge todos os nÃveis da gramÃtica (CAMACHO, 2011). Em muitas lÃnguas, a classe dos pronomes, especialmente a dos chamados pronomes pessoais, à a que sofre mais variaÃÃo e a que mais se reorganiza dentro do sistema (MONTEIRO, 1994), embora esta costume ser constituÃda por um nÃmero relativamente pequeno de itens gramaticais, formando um inventÃrio fechado. Dentre as pessoas do discurso, à a 2 a que mais tem sido codificada de maneira variada, nÃo sà na lÃngua portuguesa, como em diversas outras lÃnguas indo-europeias, nas quais hà um sistema dual de pronomes para a 2 PESS.: as formas T e as formas V (derivadas, respectivamente, do uso do "tu" e do "vos" latinos) â as primeiras sÃo de uso familiar ou informal, enquanto as outras denotam polidez e distanciamento. A partir da terceira dÃcada do sÃculo XX, com o uso de "vocÃ" (forma V) em variaÃÃo com "tu" (forma T), todo o quadro pronominal da lÃngua, incluindo os possessivos de 2 PESS, passou a sofrer variaÃÃo. Partindo do pressuposto defendido pela SociolinguÃstica Variacionista, sobretudo com Labov (1978; 1983; 1994; 2008), de que a variaÃÃo linguÃstica se dà motivada tanto por fatores internos quanto externos ao sistema, o presente trabalho busca analisar a variaÃÃo das formas "te" e "lhe" como pronomes de 2 PESS. SING., tanto na funÃÃo de acusativo, quanto na de dativo, no portuguÃs brasileiro escrito do sÃculo XX. Para isso, utiliza uma amostra de 186 cartas pessoais escritas entre 1940 e 2000, obtidas numa busca entre os habitantes do municÃpio de QuixadÃ, no SertÃo Central cearense. As cartas coletadas sÃo de pessoas do povo, isto Ã, nÃo de profissionais da linguagem, tendo sido trocadas entre amigos ou parentes. Como metodologia, estratifica a amostra em trÃs perÃodos do sÃculo XX nos quais as cartas foram escritas (anos 1940-50, anos 1960-70 e anos 1980-90) e por gÃnero da autoria (cartas de homens e cartas de mulheres) e submete os dados ao programa computacional GoldVarb X para obter dados estatÃsticos e interpreta esses dados à luz das teorias da SociolinguÃstica Variacionista. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstraram que a variaÃÃo das formas pronominais "te"/"lhe" à condicionada por fatores linguÃsticos, como a forma do verbo, a posiÃÃo do pronome e a presenÃa de forma V antes de "te" ou "lhe", e que, apesar de mais frequente do que o uso de "te", o uso de "lhe" sofreu declÃnio ao longo dos trÃs perÃodos de tempo analisados.
The linguistic variation is a universal phenomenon that affects all levels of grammar (CAMACHO, 2011). In many languages, of all the word classes, the pronouns, especially the so-called personal pronouns, are more inclined to variation and to rearrangement in the system (MONTEIRO, 1994), although they use to be constituted by a relatively small number of grammatical items, restricted to a kind of closed inventory. The 2nd PERS SING is which more has been coded in a variant way, not only in the Portuguese language, as in many other Indo-European languages, in which there is a dual system of pronouns for 2nd PERS: the T-forms and the V-forms (derived, respectively, from the use of Latin "tu" and "vos") â the first are used both familiarly and informally, while others denote politeness and distance. From the third decade of the twentieth century, with the use of "vocÃ" (a V-form) in variation with "tu" (a T-form), the entire pronominal frame of the Portuguese language, including the 2nd PERS possessive, began to undergo change. Assuming the ideas defended by Variationist Sociolinguistics, especially with William Labov (1978, 1983, 1994, 2008), that the linguistic variation occurs motivated by factors both internal and external to the system, this work aims to analyze the variation of forms "te" and "lhe" as 2nd PERS SING, both in accusative and in dative function, in Brazilian Portuguese written in the twentieth century. It uses a sample of 186 personal letters written between 1940 and 2000, obtained in a search among the inhabitants of the town of QuixadÃ, in the middle of the state of CearÃ. The letters are collected from common people, that is, not from language professionals, having been exchanged between friends or relatives. As methodology, the sample was stratified into three periods of the twentieth century in which the letters were written (years 1940âs and 50âs, years 1960âs and 70âs, years 1980âs and 90âs) and gender of authorship (letters from men and letters from women) and submits the data to the computer program GoldVarb X in order to obtain statistical results and interpret these results in light of theories of Sociolinguistics Variationist. The survey results showed that variation of the pronoun forms "te"/"lhe" is conditioned by linguistic factors, such as the form of the verb, the position of the pronoun and the presence of a V-form before "te" or "lhe", and that, although "lhe" was more used than "te" in the letters, its use has declined over the three periods of time analyzed.
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Coloma, Manrique Carmen Rosa. "Un programa de capacitación para docentes coordinadoras de los PRONOEI." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 1992. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/7265.

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Entre los más graves problemas que afrontamos actualmente, se halla indudablemente la ineficiencia del sistema educativo. La frustración que sufre el hombre de nuestro país, la marginación, la pobreza, la ignoracia, la crisis económica, moral y cultural por la que atravesamos, son una dramática comprobación del fracaso de nuestro sistema educativo.
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Pérez, Córdoba Alder Luis. "Presença/ausência do pronome pessoal sujeito no espanhol falado no Caribe colombiano /." São José do Rio Preto, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183596.

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Orientador: Roberto Gomes Camacho
Resumo: Apesar da ampla bibliografia sobre a expressão do sujeito pronominal, como resultado das pesquisas desenvolvidas em diferentes dialetos do espanhol na América hispânica, nos Estados Unidos e na Espanha, encontram-se escassos trabalhos sobre duas variedades linguísticas colombianas. Tomando como suporte teórico a Teoria da Variação e Mudança (LABOV, [1972] 2008), o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a expressão ou não do pronome sujeito no espanhol falado no Caribe colombiano para determinar que fatores linguísticos e sociais motivam esse uso variável. A amostra esteve constituída por gravações de 18 informantes para cada corpus sociolinguístico (Barranquilla, Cartagena e Valledupar), que compõem a variedade falada no caribe colombiano, coletados com base na metodologia do PRESEEA (MORENO, 1996). Uma vez definido o envelope da variação, codificaram-se 7595 ocorrências para testar 15 variáveis independentes, onze das quais linguísticas (pessoa, número e especificidade do sujeito; paralelismo formal; modo; tempo verbal; progressividade; morfologia verbal; ambiguidade; tipo de oração; correferencialidade; turno da fala; classe semântica do verbo) e quatro sociais (faixa etária; sexo/gênero do falante; grau de escolaridade; subvariedade dialetal). Além disso, testou-se a variável independente posição pronominal, para saber quais fatores linguísticos e sociais determinam também a posposição. A análise quantitativa foi realizada mediante o uso do programa Goldvarb X (SANKOFF; TAGL... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Resumen: Pese a la amplia bibliografía sobre la expresión del sujeto pronominal, como resultado de las diferentes investigaciones sobre diferentes dialectos en Hispanoamérica, EEUU e España, se encuentran escasos trabajos sobre dos variedades lingüísticas colombianas. Tomando como fundamento teórico la Teoría de la variación y cambio lingüístico (LABOV, [1972] 2008), el objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la expresión del pronombre personal sujeto en el español hablado en el Caribe colombiano, para determinar qué factores lingüísticos e extralingüísticos favorecen su uso variable. La muestra estuvo constituida por grabaciones de 18 informantes por cada corpus sociolingüístico (Barranquilla, Cartagena e Valledupar), que conforman la variedad hablada en el Caribe colombiano, recolectados con base en la metodología del PRESEEA (MORENO, 1996). Una vez definido el contexto variable, se codificaron 7595 casos para verificar la influencia de 15 variables independientes, once lingüísticas (persona, número y especificidad del sujeto, perseverancia, modo verbal, tiempo verbal, progresividad, morfología verbal, ambigüedad morfológica, tipo de oración, correfencialidad, turno de habla, clase semántica del verbo) y cuatro sociales (edad, sexo/género, nivel de instrucción y dialecto). Además, se analizó la variable independiente posición pronominal, para saber cuáles factores lingüísticos y sociales determinan también la posposición. El análisis cuantitativo se realizó con el programa Goldvarb X ... (Resumen completo clicar acceso eletrônico abajo)
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Lebensohn-Chialvo, Florencia. "Adaptive Significance of Personal Pronoun Use in Families of Adolescent Substance Abusers." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/565887.

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A growing body of research suggests that patterns of personal pronoun use in couples - particularly we-talk (first person plural pronouns) and you-talk (second person pronouns) - are potentially meaningful markers of adaptive and maladaptive functioning, respectively. Despite this growing couple literature, very little is known about the relational implications of we-talk and you-talk in larger social units like families, where relevant interaction patterns are often triadic and involve members of different generations. The present study employed baseline observational and self-report data from a multi-site study of family therapy for adolescent substance drug abuse to (a) describe patterns of personal pronoun use in families consisting of two parent figures and at least one adolescent child, during conversations that had a collaborative (plan a menu) and a conflictual (discuss a recent argument) valence; and (b) explore associations between pronoun patterns and various indicators of adaptive adolescent and family functioning. As hypothesized, automated text analysis of transcripts from 74 English speaking families revealed more we-talk in the cooperative (menu) task, more you-talk and I-talk in the conflict (argument) task, and significant variations in pronoun frequency by family role (more I-talk by adolescents, more we-talk and you-talk by parents). Additional coding, guided by structural family systems theory, took into account the source and referent of each pronoun utterance (e.g., parent-parent we-talk, cross-generation you-talk), and these structural pronoun variables showed stronger associations with concurrently observed family interaction patterns than global (raw count) pronoun variables did. Contrary to expectation, you-talk was a stronger predictor of concurrent family behavior and adaptive youth/family functioning than we-talk, and associations between pronoun patterns and indicators of adaptive functioning were stronger for the conflict task than the cooperation task. The results suggest that relational meanings of pronouns are substantially more complex in triadic intergenerational family interactions than in dyadic romantic relationships. Discussion of these results includes study limitations and possible directions for further research.
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Abreu, Laurel. "Spanish subject personal pronoun use by monolinguals, bilinguals and second language learners." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0025112.

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Huang, Shaoting, and 黄少庭. "An analysis of the use of plural personal pronouns in Quanzhoudialect." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45163947.

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Elrod, Elizabeth J. "Give us a Gender Neutral Pronoun, Yo!: The Need for and Creation of a Gender Neutral, Singular, Third Person, Personal Pronoun." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/200.

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This essay outlines the problems associated with the history and current absence of a gender-neutral third-person singular personal pronoun in the English language. The combination of the social and grammatical consequences of this language gap results in pronoun choices that are either politically incorrect or verbose. Experts’ attempts to fill this language gap have failed to take root on any widespread basis; but, interestingly, middle school children in Baltimore, Maryland created and started using “yo” as their own gender-neutral third-person singular personal pronoun. Stotko and Troyer’s (2007) study on this development sheds some light on exactly how students use “yo” as a third-person pronoun and proposes some theories regarding the origin of this change in language. This spontaneously produced gender-neutral pronoun has gained as much recognition as many gender-neutral third-person singular personal pronouns proposed by linguistic experts, perhaps as a result of children’s unique understanding of and ability to create language. This recent development indicates that common English speakers will likely spontaneously generate a solution to the current pronoun gap, although this will probably take some time to occur.
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Santos, Cristiane Benjamim. "Aspectos morfossintáticos dos pronomes pessoais em anaan." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-24012008-114338/.

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Nesta dissertação apresentam-se aspectos morfossintáticos dos pronomes pessoais em anaan, uma língua nigero-congolesa, pertencente ao grupo ibom, falada pelo povo anaan - um grupo étnico homogêneo, com cerca de 1 milhão de pessoas, localizado ao norte do Estado de Akwa Ibom, Nigéria. Trata-se de uma língua em fase inicial de investigação lingüística - os poucos trabalhos de referência em anaan são de ordem fonético/fonológica, sem análises morfossintáticas atestadas até então. O trabalho, inserido em uma abordagem de estudos tipológicos, visa à descrição e análise dos pronomes pessoais livres e dos marcadores pronominais da língua anaan. Apresentam-se, ainda, aspectos da morfossintaxe relacionados ao sistema pronominal: (i) as classes de palavras nome e verbo, (ii) a estrutura do sintagma nominal com ênfase nas construções genitivas e (iii) alguns aspectos sobre a ordem da língua. Quanto aos pronomes livres, propõe-se que anaan possui formas distintas para a posição de sujeito e de objeto, sendo que os pronomes que ocupam a posição de sujeito constituem o modificador das construções genitivas na língua. Neste estudo investiga-se também a natureza funcional dos marcadores pronominais e o traço de referencialidade dos pronomes.
In this dissertation I present the morphosyntax aspects of the personal pronouns in Anaang, a Niger-Congo language, belonging to the Ibom group, spoken by the Anaang people. Anaang is a homogeneous ethnic group, with approximately 1 million people, located in the north of Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria. The Anaang language is the beginning of its linguistic investigation - there are a few reference studies about the phonetics and phonology in Anaang, and no morphosyntactic studies verified up to the moment. This work, inserted in a typological approach, aims at the description and the analysis of the free personal pronouns in the Anaang language. And also presenting aspects of the morphosyntax that are related to the pronominal system: (i) the word classes noun and verb, (ii) the structure of the noun phrase focusing on the genitive constructions, and (iii) some aspects of the order in that language. Considering the free pronouns, I propose that Anaang has different forms for the object and subject positions, and that the pronouns that take the subject position constitute the modifier of the genitive constructions in the language. In this research, the functional nature of the pronominal markers and the referential features of the pronouns are also been investigated.
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Books on the topic "Pronomi personali"

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Leone, Fulvio. La concorrenza tra i pronomi personali di terza persona: Nell'italiano sorvegliato di fine millennio. Bergen: Universitetet i Bergen, Romansk institutt, 2001.

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Leone, Fulvio. La concorrenza tra i pronomi personali di terza persona: Nell'italiano sorvegliato di fine millennio. Bergen: Universitetet i Bergen - Romansk institutt, 2002.

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Leone, Fulvio. I pronomi personali di terza persona: L'evoluzione di un microsistema nell'italiano di fine millennio. Roma: Carocci, 2003.

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Cervera, Júlia Todolí i. Els pronoms personals. Valencia: Universitat de Valencia, 1998.

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Manella, Claudio. Guida ai pronomi: Personali, relativi, interrogativi, possessivi, dimostrativi e indefiniti : verbi ed espressioni idiomatiche con traduzioni in inglese, francese, tedesco, spagnolo : spieggazioni, esempi, esercizi e test : tre livelli di difficoltà, facile, medio, difficile : chaivi. Firenze: Progetto lingua, 1999.

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Palermo, Massimo. L' espressione del pronome personale soggetto nella storia dell'italiano. Roma: Bulzoni, 1997.

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Bentuk-bentuk takzim di dalam referensi pronomina persona bahasa-bahasa Gorontalo: The respect forms in personal pronoun reference of Gorontalo languages. Ujung Pandang: Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Hasanuddin, 1995.

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Wales, Katie. Personal pronouns in present-day English. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

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Puleo, Alicia H. Los pronombres personales. Salamanca: Publicaciones del Colegio de España, 1989.

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Gardelle, Laure, and Sandrine Sorlin. The pragmatics of personal pronouns. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pronomi personali"

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Sornicola, Rosanna. "Decomposizioni e ricomposizioni di sistemi. I pronomi personali delle lingue romanze tra paradigmatica e sintagmatica." In Actas del XXVI Congreso Internacional de Lingüística y Filología Románica, edited by Emili Casanova and Cesáreo CALVO, 419–40. Berlin, Boston: DE GRUYTER, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110299892.419.

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Whitman, John. "Personal pronoun shift in Japanese." In Function and Structure, 387. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pbns.59.16whi.

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Kivik, Piibi-Kai. "Personal pronoun variation in language contact." In Language Contact, 63–86. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/impact.28.05kiv.

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Berry, Roger. "Metalinguistic Relativity and the Personal Pronoun Paradigm." In Second Language Learning and Teaching, 233–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23547-4_14.

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Peng, Yuanyuan, Yangsen Zhang, Shujing Huang, Ruoyu Chen, and Jianqing You. "Resolution of Personal Pronoun Anaphora in Chinese Micro-blog." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 592–605. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04015-4_51.

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Mignot, Elise. "Chapter 14. Pragmatic and stylistic uses of personal pronoun one." In Studies in Language Companion Series, 275–310. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slcs.171.14mig.

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Huang, Sisi, and Weidong Zhan. "A Constructional Approach to a Personal Pronoun Marked Construction in Mandarin Chinese." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 625–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27194-1_62.

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Soisalon-Soininen, Ilmari. "The Rendering of the Hebrew Personal Pronoun as Subject in the Greek Pentateuch." In The Legacy of Soisalon-Soininen, 263–82. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13109/9783666564871.263.

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Nuyts, Jan. "What a Personal Pronoun Can Do for You: The Case of a Southern Dutch Dialect." In Perspectives in Pragmatics, Philosophy & Psychology, 679–702. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43491-9_34.

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Giannini, Stefania. "Discourse and Pragmatic Conditions of Grammaticalization. Spatial deixis and locative configurations in the personal pronoun system of some Italian dialectal areas." In Typological Studies in Language, 129. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tsl.37.06gia.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pronomi personali"

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XiangFeng Wei, HanFen Zang, and Quan Zhang. "Disambiguate Chinese personal pronoun based on semantic structure." In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Granular Computing (GrC-2008). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/grc.2008.4664717.

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Fitriana, Atin, Myrna Laksman-Huntley, and Dwi Puspitorini. "Javanese Personal Pronoun Sira’s Dynamic Change in 10th – 16th Century." In 4th International Conference on Language, Literature, Culture, and Education (ICOLLITE 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201215.015.

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Pang ning and Shi jun-feng. "The third personal pronoun anaphora resolution in the paroxysmal text of the Chinese web." In 2010 International Conference on Computer Application and System Modeling (ICCASM 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccasm.2010.5622399.

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Guan, Jing, Yanquan Zhou, and Huacan He. "A sort Approach for Anaphora Resolution of Chinese Personal Pronoun Based on Machine Learning Method." In 2007 International Conference on Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Engineering. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nlpke.2007.4368046.

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