Academic literature on the topic 'Pronoun'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pronoun"
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Foyn, Camilla Hellum, Mila Vulchanova, and Randi Alice Nilsen. "The interpretation of focused pronouns in Norwegian children and adults." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 41, no. 1 (March 8, 2018): 3–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586518000021.
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Earlier research states that if an unaccented pronoun refers to the subject of the preceding sentence, a focally accented pronoun will refer to the object. In the current study, we tested whether Norwegian adults select the intended pronoun referent in this context. Our study is also the first one to use eye-tracking to investigate children's developing sensitivity to intonational cues in pronoun resolution, and consequently the first one where Norwegian is the object language. The participants were monolingual 3-, 5-, and 7-year-old children, and a group of adults. They listened to the Norwegian version of utterances like ‘Sarai hugged Mariaj. Then shei/SHEj hugged her own teddy bear’, while watching two corresponding figures on a screen. This was followed by the question, in Norwegian, ‘Who hugged her own teddybear?’ When answering the question, the adults selected the subject referent (Sara) after unaccented pronouns, and the object referent (Maria) after focally accented pronouns. Eye-tracking data revealed that the 7-year-olds initially looked towards the object referent after hearing the pronoun, and then switched to look at the subject referent, regardless of the pronoun's intonation. The 5-year-olds answered the question by selecting the intended referent more often after a focally accented pronoun than after an unaccented one. Finally, the 3-year-olds showed no clear preferences. These results suggest that Norwegian children under the age of seven are still not adult-like when resolving accented and unaccented pronouns.
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Rachman Hadi, Arief, and Sri Rahayu. "Analisis Penggunaan Pronomina dalam Tajuk Rencana Koran Harian Riau Pos." J-LELC: Journal of Language Education, Linguistics, and Culture 1, no. 1 (February 2, 2021): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/j-lelc.2021.6139.
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A pronoun is a pronoun that serves to replace a person, thing or something that is differentiated, pronouns are distinguished by personal pronouns. The problems in this research are (1) How to use personal pronoun pronouns in the editorial plan of the Riau Pos Daily Newspaper, (2) How to use directive pronouns in the editorial plan of the Riau Pos Daily Newspaper, (3) How to use their own pronoun pronouns in the editorial plan of the Riau Pos Daily Newspaper, (4) How do you use the pronoun pronoun in the editorial plan of the Riau Pos Daily Newspaper, (5) How is the use of conjunctive pronouns in the editorial plan of the Riau Pos Daily Newspaper and (6) How do you use indefinite pronouns in the editorial plan of the Riau Pos Daily Newspape. The purpose of this study was to collect data and information about the analysis of pronouns in the Riau Pos Daily newspaper editorial. The theory used in analyzing the problem of this research is pronouns according to H. Guntur T (2009). The method used in this research is descriptive method, this research approach uses a qualitative approach. This type of research includes literature study, as well as data collection techniques using documentation and hermeneutic techniques. The data in this study are in the form of the Riau Pos 2020 daily newspaper editorial, which consists of 26 editions. From the data analysis in this study, the authors conclude that the editorial plan of the Riau Pos daily newspaper uses the pronoun form of the self-pronoun, the directive pronoun, the owner's pronoun, the pen pronoun, the liaison and indefinite pronouns in presenting news and information to society.
Keywords: pronouns and editorials
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Zhai, Qingxu, and Lin Fan. "Pronoun Processing." International Journal of Translation, Interpretation, and Applied Linguistics 6, no. 1 (December 15, 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijtial.334702.
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Using bibliometric analysis, this paper provides an overview of pronoun research from 2012 to 2022. It collected and analyzed 2,774 articles on pronouns from Web of Science (WoS) categories related to linguistics or language using CiteSpace, a citation analysis tool. This paper examined the intellectual framework and patterns of pronoun research through co-citation analysis and identified the most productive journals, influential articles, intellectual base, and trending topics in pronoun studies. The main intellectual base includes anaphora resolution, referring expression, grammatical category, eye movement, subject expression, and thematic analysis. Trending topics comprise studies on English pronouns, acquisition of pronouns, and information cues such as syntax and discourse that affect the comprehension of pronouns. The results reveal the complexity and diversity of pronoun processing. This research contributes to the ongoing discussion and debate on pronoun studies, helps researchers understand the state of pronoun research, and offers suggestions for relevant future research.
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Saragih, Dhea, and Maria Magdalena Situmorang. "Analysis of Pronoun in “Cinderella” Story by Disney." International Journal Corner of Educational Research 1, no. 3 (March 1, 2023): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.54012/ijcer.v1i3.164.
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This research aims to analyze pronouns used in a story with title “Cinderella” by Disney. Researchers chose descriptive qualitative method to analyze the data in order to show pronouns that appeared in the story of Cinderella. There were several steps that researchers conducted to collect data, including read the story, then identified the pronouns, and finally analyzed each pronoun from the story descriptively. This research found that there were 15 pronouns used in the story of Cinderella with six types of pronoun. These pronouns include 5 personal pronouns as subject (They, She, It, He, and I), 2 personal pronouns as object (her and them), 3 possessive adjectives (her, his, and their), 2 relative pronouns (whose and who), 2 demonstrative pronouns (this and that), and 1 indefinite pronoun (everyone). In addition, the pronoun that appeared the most was “her” as much as 22.92%, and conversely, pronoun that appeared the least were “their, this, whose, I, everyone, and who”, which each of them only appeared 1 time in the story (2.08% for each pronoun).
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Rai, Krishna Bahadur. "Chamling and English Possessive Pronouns: A Contrastive Analysis." DMC Journal 8, no. 7 (December 31, 2023): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dmcj.v8i7.62438.
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This study aims to explore and compare the Chamling possessive pronouns with English possessive pronouns. Data on possessive pronouns in the Chamling language were collected from seven native speakers and compared to English possessive pronouns gathered from secondary sources. The contrastive analysis of Chamling and English possessive pronouns reveals differences in number, position, and gender. Chamling possessive pronoun consists of inclusive, and exclusive systems, according to the involvement of the addressees, whereas the English possessive pronoun does not have such a system. In addition, the Chamling possessive pronoun comprises singular, dual, and plural forms, however, the English possessive pronoun consists of only singular and plural systems. The number of Chamling possessive pronouns is more than that of English, with ten and six respectively. English pronouns are used in the initial position as the subject and the final position as the object of the sentences, whereas Chamling possessive pronouns never occur in these positions. In English, the third-person singular possessive pronoun has gender distinctions with "his" for masculine and "hers" for feminine. However, Chamling's possessive pronoun does not have such distinctions.
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Siska, Widia. "An Analysis of Personal Pronouns Used by The Students in Writing Narrative Text at Senior High School." Ideas: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Budaya 10, no. 1 (February 21, 2024): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.32884/ideas.v10i1.1679.
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The research objective was to find out how personal pronouns used by the students in writing narrative text at SMAN 2 Koto Baru, Dharmasraya. The research method was descriptive qualitative method. The data source was documents. There were 38 sheets of student writing about narrative text. The research finding was the students still made mistakes in using personal pronouns such as subject pronoun (correct 61.1%), object pronoun (correct 32.2%), possessive adjective pronoun (correct 49.7%), possessive pronoun (correct 0%) and reflexive pronoun (correct 0%). It can be concluded the ability of the students in using personal pronouns still less.
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Malasari Ely, Dewi Qhuril, and Nana Ronawan Rambe. "THE CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH AND AMBONESE PERSONAL PRONOUN." Lingue : Jurnal Bahasa, Budaya, dan Sastra 5, no. 2 (December 21, 2023): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33477/lingue.v5i2.5742.
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The purpose of this study is to find out the difference and similarity of the English and the Ambonese personal pronouns based on those standard grammatical literary sources. Type of research descriptive qualitative research. The data were collected using observation, interview and recording of native speaker speech. The finding showed that the form of personal pronouns in English and Ambonese languages have variation based on gender. In English, variations in the use of personal pronouns based on gender are found in the use of third singular person he and she. Whereas in Ambonese language, variations in the use of personal pronoun by gender are found in the use of second singular person, abang, caca, bu and usi. The differences between English and Ambonese in their function as subjective and objective pronoun are English personal pronoun is more varied than Ambonese personal pronoun because almost all of English personal pronoun is different according to the function except you and it. Unlike the English personal pronoun, all Ambonese personal pronouns are the same between subjective and objective pronoun. Ambonese personal pronoun is also based on considerations of gender, age and politeness distinction. The similarities between English and Ambonese personal pronoun is based on considerations of gender.
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van Kampen, Jacqueline. "Eerstezinsdeeldeletie in het Nederlands : Wat topicdrop wél en wat het níet is." Nederlandse Taalkunde 25, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 225–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/nedtaa2020.2-3.008.vank.
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Abstract First-constituent-deletion in Dutch. What topic drop is and what it is notThis paper discusses the phenomenon of pronoun deletion in Dutch. In the position before the finite verb a 3rd person pronoun may be deleted. The deletion of the pronoun is constrained by the recoverability condition, which requires that its referential features can be reconstructed from the context. It will be argued that only the deletion of a d(emonstrative)-pronoun is ‘topic drop’, which is typical for spoken Dutch. Deleted topic d-pronouns are subject to the same syntactic conditions as overt topic d-pronouns (Van Kampen 2010). Like the overt topic d-pronoun, the deleted d-pronoun refers to the focus constituent of the preceding sentence. A deleted p(ersonal)-pronoun, by contrast, does not have a uniquely determined antecedent and therefore it cannot be analyzed as discourse topic drop. In written texts, it solely maintains the preceding subject referent. I will further discuss the deletion of 1st person pronouns and the deletion of d-pronouns in imperatives.
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Trufanova, Irina V. "Negative Russian Pronoun Что." RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 11, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 625–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2020-11-4-625-658.
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For the first time in linguistics, the article distinguishes negative pronouns of a pronoun-noun and pronoun-adjective. Their lexical meanings, grammatical features and syntactic functions are determined. A negative pronoun is a noun that means nothing (in Russian both - ничто and ничего ), a negative Russian pronoun что meaning whatever, none. Both pronouns function as the principle sentence component, mainly in negative genitive sentences or as a predicate in a two-memberSubject-Predicate sentence. Subject of a pronoun-noun, which is expressed by the noun of any lexico-grammatical category or infinitive, with a negative pronoun-adjective, which is an infinitive. Both negative pronouns function in rhetorical questions expressing negation in the affirmative form. Subject combined with a pronoun-noun could be expressed by a noun of any lexico-grammatical category or infinitive, with a negative pronoun-adjective что , which could also be formed by an infinitive. Both negative pronouns function in rhetorical questions expressing negation in the affirmative form. The meanings of both negative pronouns are syntactically limited (by the function of the predicate or the principle component of the negative genitive sentence) and structurally determined (be found in the construction with the dative of the authorizer). The meaning of a negative pronoun-adjective is also phraseologically confined, a negative pronoun is an adjective that is always used with the Russian words like проку, толку, выгоды, пользы, прибыли, добра . Three meanings stand out for a negative pronoun ничто : 1) ontological vacuum, nonexistence, absence of an object; 2) something insignificant, insignificant, not worthy of attention; 3) denial of the significance of a person, insignificance. A negative pronoun что is a noun that means something insignificant, insignificant, not worthy of attention (or (as it were) the absence of something/someone (for the authorizer)), or absence (of benefit). A negative pronoun что is an adjective that has one of the meanings of a negative pronoun-adjective никакой meaning none of the available or possible. Despite the indeclinability, a negative pronoun что expresses the noun-meanings of the nominative and genitive cases, while being a negative pronoun-adjective to denote the genitive case, either masculine or feminine. The data collected is retrieved from the National Corps of the Russian Language (NCRL). As the main methodological technique, the substitution method was applied. The theoretical basis of the article was the work on homocomplexes, functional homonyms, poly-functional words, the differentiation of homonymy and polysemy. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the fact that the results allow us expand the linguistic understanding of the semantic and grammatical nature of the pronoun as well as the issue of pronoun syncretism in general, the differentiation of homonymy and polysemy of the classes of pronouns, as well as the varieties of genitive sentences. The data collected can be useful for lexicographic practice: compiling dictionaries of homonyms, grammatical homonyms, explanatory dictionaries, as well as to clarify the typology of one-member sentences. The relevance of the topic is determined by the necessity to establish the full list of pronouns in the Russian language, as well as the importance of studying the phenomena of functional homonymy, transition and syncretism and the importance of solving the problem of distinguishing homonymy and polysemy.
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Nokas, Darni Nopi. "An Analysis on the Students’ Ability in Using Personal Pronouns in English." JETLe (Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning) 3, no. 1 (November 28, 2021): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/jetle.v3i1.13129.
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English personal pronouns was still problem for students; especially students of Sekolah Tinggi Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Surya Kasih. Therefore; it was important to conduct a research on students’ ability in using personal pronouns. The purpose of this study was to describe the students’ ability in using subject, object, possessive and reflexive. The participants of the research were 10 students the second semester students who programmed English subject. There were 30 item tests of personal pronouns. The results of the research showed that the students’ average score was 68 and the students’ level of ability on personal pronouns was enough. Based on the kinds of personal pronouns showed the highest score was 72,10 which is on subject pronoun then followed by object pronoun with the score 70,20 then followed by possessive pronoun with the score 67,80 and the lowest score was 64,70 which is on reflexive pronoun. This research claimed that the students found difficulties in using personal pronoun in English due to interference of Indonesian language as their first language.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pronoun"
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Cheng, Po-ching Fiona. "Can factors affecting English pronoun development explain the Cantonese pronoun development?" Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3620870X.
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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 1993."A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences). The University of Hong Kong, April 30, 1993." Also available in print.
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Benshenshin, Marwa. "Le mot quoi et ses équivalents arabes mā et māḏā dans les phrases interrogatives, percontatives, relatives et intégratives : Étude Contrastive." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA077.
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Cette étude comparative porte sur les emplois interrogatif, percontatif, relatif (avec antécédent) et intégratif (sans antécédent) du pronom indéfini quoi en français et de ses équivalents mā et māḏā en langue arabe. Notre corpus est tiré de la littérature du XXe siècle, et plus particulièrement des romans et des pièces de théâtre de Margueritte Duras et de Marcel Pagnol pour le français, et de Naguib Mahfouz pour lʼarabe. Nous étudierons tout dʼabord les emplois de ces trois pronoms régis par leurs caractéristiques et leurs propriétés syntaxiques. Nous analysons le comportement syntaxique de mā et de māḏā dans leurs emplois interrogatifs en comparaison avec leur équivalent français quoi. Nous verrons notamment quʼil existe des points communs et des divergences entre les deux langues, plus particulièrement concernant leur autonomie syntaxique au niveau de leur position dans la phrase. Nous examinons également lʼemploi de quoi et de mā et māḏā dans la subordination, en tant que percontatifs, relatifs et intégratifs. Notre analyse montre que les différentes formes de la percontative sʼexpliquent par les caractéristiques propres aux trois pronoms. Pour les deux autres emplois, il existe des points de divergence entre mā et quoi, surtout au niveau de lʼantécédent utilisé pour le relatif. Quant à lʼemploi intégratif, mā, de par ses propriétés syntaxiques, admet plus de fonctions dans la phrase que son équivalent quoiThis comparative study examines the interrogative, percontative, relative (with antecedent)and integrative (with no antecedent) uses of quoi the indefinite pronoun in French and itsequivalents mā and māḏā in Arabic. Our corpus is taken from twentieth century literature,especially novels and plays of Margueritte Duras and Marcel Pagnol for French, and NaguibMahfouz for Arabic. We first see how the uses of these three pronouns are governed by theircharacteristics and syntactic properties. We analyze the syntactic behavior of mā and māḏā intheir interrogative uses compared with their French equivalent quoi. We will see that there aresimilarities and differences between the two languages, especially regarding their syntacticautonomy in their position in the sentence. We also examine the use of quoi, mā and māḏā insubordination, as percontatifs, relatives and integratives. Our analysis shows that the differentforms of percontative are explained by the characteristics of the three pronouns. For the lasttwo uses, there are many points of divergence between mā and quoi, especially regarding thetype of antecedent being used. In terms of integrative use mā, through its syntactic properties,admits more functions in the sentence than its equivalent quoi
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Hartshorne, Joshua. "Pronoun Interpretation in Explanatory Sentences." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10239.
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While the referent of a non-reflexive pronoun clearly depends on context, the nature of these contextual restrictions is controversial. The present study seeks to characterize one representation that guides pronoun resolution. In causal dependant clauses, the preferred referent of a pronoun varies systematically with the verb in the main clause (contrast Sally frightened Mary because she... with Sally feared Mary because she...), a phenomenon known as "implicit causality". A number of researchers have tried to explain and predict such biases with reference to semantic classes of verbs and linguistic structure. However, the classes and representations invoked have been partly ad hoc and fitted to the phenomenon itself. In this dissertation, evidence is presented that an independently-motivated semantic theory accounts for many known and new phenomena in implicit causality. In the first study, it is shown that verbs within syntactically-defined classes show similar implicit causality biases. In the second study, it is shown that information about the participants in an event (such as their relative social status) do not affect pronoun biases, even when they do affect event representations. In the third study, it is shown that two syntactically-defined verb classes show the same pronoun biases in eight different languages. In combination, these results suggest that implicit causality biases derive primarily from the same underlying semantic representations that determine syntactic behavior and not from general, non-linguistic event representations.Psychology
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Ahlenius, Camilla. "Automatic Pronoun Resolution for Swedish." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-289192.
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This report describes a quantitative analysis performed to compare two different methods on the task of pronoun resolution for Swedish. The first method, an implementation of Mitkov’s algorithm, is a heuristic-based method — meaning that the resolution is determined by a number of manually engineered rules regarding both syntactic and semantic information. The second method is data-driven — a Support Vector Machine (SVM) using dependency trees and word embeddings as features. Both methods are evaluated on an annotated corpus of Swedish news articles which was created as a part of this thesis. SVM-based methods significantly outperformed the implementation of Mitkov’s algorithm. The best performing SVM model relies on tree kernels applied to dependency trees. The model achieved an F1-score of 0.76 for the positive class and 0.9 for the negative class, where positives are pairs of pronoun and noun phrase that corefer, and negatives are pairs that do not corefer.Rapporten beskriver en kvantitativ analys som genomförts för att jämföra två olika metoder för automatisk pronomenbestämning på svenska. Den första metoden, en implementation av Mitkovs algoritm, är en heuristisk metod vilket innebär att pronomenbestämningen görs med ett antal manuellt utformade regler som avser att fånga både syntaktisk och semantisk information. Den andra metoden är datadriven, en stödvektormaskin (SVM) som använder dependensträd och ordvektorer som särdrag. Båda metoderna utvärderades med hjälp av en annoterad datamängd bestående av svenska nyhetsartiklar som skapats som en del av denna avhandling. Den datadrivna metoden överträffade Mitkovs algoritm. Den SVM-modell som ger bäst resultat bygger på trädkärnor som tillämpas på dependensträd. Modellen uppnådde ett F1-värde på 0.76 för den positiva klassen och 0.9 för den negativa klassen, där de positiva datapunkterna utgörs av ett par av pronomen och nominalfras som korefererar, och de negativa datapunkterna utgörs av par som inte korefererar.
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de, la Fuente Israël. "Putting pronoun resolution in context : the role of syntax, semantics, and pragmatics in pronoun interpretation." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC053.
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Cette thèse étudie les mécanismes qui influencent la résolution de pronoms dans des contextes ambigus. Nous proposons une analyse détaillée de la structure discursive ou la dépendance pronominale a été établie, qui explique pourquoi le rôle des facteurs jouant un rôle dans ce processus varie en fonction du contexte. Nous soutenons que l'unité discursive (UD) est le domaine optimal pour l'étude de la résolution de pronoms. Nous proposons une définition 'relationnelle' de l'UD selon laquelle la configuration des UD de la phrase dépend du contenu syntactique, sémantique et pragmatique de la proposition subordonnée et de la relation entre celle-ci et la proposition principale. Nous étudions deux types de subordonnées adverbiales : les non-relationnelles (temporelles), qui, selon nous, constituent une seule UD avec la proposition principale, et les relationnelles (causales), qui constituent une ud indépendante de la proposition principale. Nous soutenons que la configuration des UD de la phrase influence l'interprétation de pronoms et que les facteurs jouant un rôle dans ce processus ont un poids différent selon qu'ils se trouvent dans une UD ou au travers de deux UD. Nous défendons la thèse selon laquelle la résolution de pronoms est fortement basee sur le principe de cohérence discursive : la résolution des pronoms est guidée soit par le maintien (intra-UD), soit par l'établissement de la cohérence (inter-UD). Nous testons ces hypothèses avec une série d'expériences étudiant le rôle de la fonction grammaticale de l'antécédent, de son statut informationnel et des relations de cohérence entre deux propositions dans le contexte d'une ou deux UD, en anglais, espagnol et françaisThis thesis investigates the mechanisms involved in pronoun resolution in ambiguous contexts. Beyond the typical psycholinguistic approach that puts forward the factors that play a role in pronoun interpretation, we propose an in-depth analysis of the discourse structure of the context where the pronominal dependency is established in order to explain why the role of these factors varies as a function of the contextual circumstances. We argue that the discourse unit (DU) is the optimal domain for the study of pronoun resolution. We propose a "relational" definition of DU, whereby the DU configuration of a complex sentence depends on the syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic content of the subordinate clause and its relation with the matrix clause. We analyze two types of adverbial adjuncts : non-relational (temporal) and relational adjuncts (causal). We argue that, while the former are processed as part of the same DU as the matrix clause, the latter are processed as separate dus from the matrix clause. We claim that the du configuration of the sentence has an effect on pronoun interpretation and that factors affecting resolution have a different weight according to whether they occur within a DU or across two DU. We propose that pronoun resolution searches a maximum of discourse coherence and that interpretation preferences come about in the process of maintaining coherence (intra-unit) or establishing coherence (inter-unit). We test these claims with a series of experiments that investigate the role of the syntactic function of the antecedent, its information status, and the coherence relations between propositions in the context of 1 or 2 DU, in english, french and spanish
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Odd, Jakobsson. "Pronoun translation between English and Icelandic." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för lingvistik och filologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-339069.
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A problem in machine translation is how to handle pronouns since languages use these differently, for example, in anaphoric reference. This essay examines what happens to the English third person pronouns he, she, and it when translated into Icelandic. Parallel corpora were prepared by tokenisation and subsequently the machine translation method word alignment was applied on the corpus. The results show that when a pronoun is used to refer to something outside the sentence (extra-sentential), this gives rise to major problems. Another problem encountered was the differences in the deictic strength between pronouns in English and Icelandic. One conclusion that can be drawn is that more research is needed as more reliable ways of handling pronouns are needed in translations.Ett problem inom maskinöversättning är hur man ska hantera pronomen då språk använder dessa olika, exempelvis vid anaforisk referens. I den här uppsatsen undersöks vad som händer med engelska tredje persons pronomen he, she, och it när de har översatts till isländska. Parallella korpusar gjordes iordning genom tokenisering och därefter användes maskinöversättningsmetoden ordlänkning på korpusen. Resultaten visar att när pronomen används för att referera till något utanför satsen (extrasententiell) är det ett stort problem. Ett annat problem som påträffades gällde skillnader i deiktisk styrka mellan pronomen i engelska och isländska. En slutsats som kan dras är att mer forskning behövs då det behövs mer tillförlitliga sätt att hantera pronomen i översättningar.
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Huang, Jianqiao Caroline, and 黃劍橋. "Is the overt pronoun constraint learnable?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/212621.
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Studies on implicit learning have provided evidence for L2 acquisition of syntactic features, yet limited effort has been made to gauge the applicability of the implicit learning paradigm on syntactic structures that are posited by nativists as innate and need not to be learned. This thesis investigates the implicit learning of the Overt Pronoun Constraint(OPC), a claimed UG-derived constraint (White, 2003a,b; Hawkins, 2008)that prevents overt pronouns from taking quantified NPs as antecedents in null-argument languages(Montalbetti, 1983), and seeks alternative explanations to such knowledge from the usage-based perspective in SLA. In Experiment 1, participants’L1 prior knowledge of the binding constraint of the overt pronoun he in Mandarin Chinese and English was investigated respectively. Results show that Chinese participants accepted the bound variable interpretation of the pronoun他 (he) when the matrix subject (the subject of the main clause) was 有人someone, suggesting that the OPC may not be fully applicable in Chinese, and that the OPC may not be a universal phenomenon in all null-argument languages as claimed by nativists (e.g. Kanno, 1997). In terms of English participants, they rejected bound variable interpretations more often when the matrix subject of the sentence was a quantified NP than when it was a referring NP, indicating some biases of the interpretation towards the reference of the overt pronoun. Potential explanations for these cross-linguistic differences include the popularized use of singular they in English (Bhat, 2004) to refer to gender-ambiguous antecedents, and the degree of consistency in definiteness between the matrix subject and the pronoun as the sub-clause subject. In Experiment 2, Chinese L1 speakers were exposed to a semi-artificial language system that combined the binding constraint of the Japanese pronoun “kare” with Chinese to see whether they could acquire the OPC implicitly. The learning was measured by a timed Grammatical Judgment Test (GJT), and awareness was assessed by confidence ratings, source attributions and verbal reports. Results show that learning effect (both implicit and explicit) was observed in the Chinese group. In Experiment 3, Chinese participants were exposed to a semi-artificial language system that combined the overt pronoun binding constraint with their L2 English, and no learning effect was observed in this group, indicating that implicit learning could be affected by participants’L2 proficiency. In Experiment 4, the implicit learning of the pronoun constraint by English native speakers was investigated and L1 transfer effect was found in this experiment. To sum up, results show that the interpretation bias of the overt pronoun might be learned implicitly, although the learning process could be affected by participants’ prior linguistic knowledge. It also suggests that this bias might be learned without the assumption of UG existence, which show support for the usage-based approach in SLA.published_or_final_version
English
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Devers, Maria Cecilia. "Pronoun processing in people with aphasia." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3364.
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Background – People with aphasia (PWA) have been shown to present with aberrant use of pronominal words in the form of abnormal noun-to-pronoun ratios (e.g. over- or under-production), omissions, inappropriate or incorrect substitutions, and inappropriate reidentification of contextual antecedents. These error patterns have been identified in sentence and discourse comprehension and production. Although different processing accounts have been put forward to explain these variations and difficulties, it continues to remain unclear what specific contributing factors underlie the aberrant patterns of pronoun use observed. Aim – This thesis investigates how fluent and nonfluent PWA process pronouns and reflexives at different levels of communication. The primary research questions in this thesis focus on whether pronominal processing is impaired in PWA; and, if so, why are pronominal words difficult to process? Particular attention is drawn to how differential complexity factors in terms of increased syntactic, thematic, and structural (e.g. pronoun competition, reversibility, passive) complexity may influence pronominal processing in the aphasic linguistic system. Furthermore, this thesis aimed to expose whether or not different pronominal feature markers may be differentially processed or selectively impaired. Method – A series of language experiments were conducted using a study group of fluent and nonfluent people with aphasia and normal controls. The experiments investigated the following: 1) single-word pronominal comprehension, 2) pronominal comprehension in sentences, 3) pronoun comprehension in discourse, and 4) pronominal production in sentences. Further, a descriptive analysis was conducted to characterize patterns of pronoun use and cohesion in aphasic connected speech. The results of pronominal processing at single-word, sentence, and discourse levels from people with aphasia were compared to normal controls, and then between aphasia type. Results – The findings from the single-word experiment have shown that gender and number pronominal feature markers are differentially processed to person and case feature markers. The findings from the sentence and discourse experiments have exposed that people with aphasia interpret pronouns similarly to normal controls when processing pronouns as non-discourse-linked elements, and with significantly more difficulty than normal controls when processed as discourse-linked elements. These novel findings have advanced our understanding of pronominal processing in that the difficulty does not occur as a global impairment; rather, the difficulty is relevant to specific syntactic computations required for explicitly discourse-linked pronominal resolution.
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Seminck, Olga. "Cognitive Computational Models of Pronoun Resolution." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC184/document.
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La résolution des pronoms est le processus par lequel un pronom anaphorique est mis en relation avec son antécédent. Les humains en sont capables sans efforts notables en situation normale. En revanche, les systèmes automatiques ont une performance qui reste loin derrière, malgré des algorithmes de plus en plus sophistiqués, développés par la communauté du Traitement Automatique des Langues. La recherche en psycholinguistique a montré à travers des expériences qu'au cours de la résolution de nombreux facteurs sont pris en compte par les locuteurs. Une question importante se pose : comment les facteurs interagissent et quel poids faut-il attribuer à chacun d'entre eux ? Une deuxième question qui se pose alors est comment les théories linguistiques de la résolution des pronoms incorporent tous les facteurs. Nous proposons une nouvelle approche à ces problématiques : la simulation computationnelle de la charge cognitive de la résolution des pronoms. La motivation pour notre approche est double : d'une part, l'implémentation d'hypothèses par un système computationnel permet de mieux spécifier les théories, d’autre part, les systèmes automatiques peuvent faire des prédictions sur des données naturelles comme les corpus de mouvement oculaires. De cette façon, les modèles computationnels représentent une alternative aux expériences classiques avec des items expérimentaux construits manuellement. Nous avons fait plusieurs expériences afin d'explorer les modèles cognitifs computationnels de la résolution des pronoms. D'abord, nous avons simulé la charge cognitive des pronoms en utilisant des poids de facteurs de résolution appris sur corpus. Ensuite, nous avons testé si les concepts de la Théorie de l’Information sont pertinents pour prédire la charge cognitive des pronoms. Finalement, nous avons procédé à l’évaluation d’un modèle psycholinguistique sur des données issues d’un corpus enrichi de mouvements oculaires. Les résultats de nos expériences montrent que la résolution des pronoms est en effet multi-factorielle et que l’influence des facteurs peut être estimée sur corpus. Nos résultats montrent aussi que des concepts de la Théorie de l’Information sont pertinents pour la modélisation des pronoms. Nous concluons que l’évaluation des théories sur des données de corpus peut jouer un rôle important dans le développement de ces théories et ainsi amener dans le futur à une meilleure prise en compte du contexte discursifPronoun resolution is the process in which an anaphoric pronoun is linked to its antecedent. In a normal situation, humans do not experience much cognitive effort due to this process. However, automatic systems perform far from human accuracy, despite the efforts made by the Natural Language Processing community. Experimental research in the field of psycholinguistics has shown that during pronoun resolution many linguistic factors are taken into account by speakers. An important question is thus how much influence each of these factors has and how the factors interact with each-other. A second question is how linguistic theories about pronoun resolution can incorporate all relevant factors. In this thesis, we propose a new approach to answer these questions: computational simulation of the cognitive load of pronoun resolution. The motivation for this approach is two-fold. On the one hand, implementing hypotheses about pronoun resolution in a computational system leads to a more precise formulation of theories. On the other hand, robust computational systems can be run on uncontrolled data such as eye movement corpora and thus provide an alternative to hand-constructed experimental material. In this thesis, we conducted various experiments. First, we simulated the cognitive load of pronouns by learning the magnitude of impact of various factors on corpus data. Second, we tested whether concepts from Information Theory were relevant to predict the cognitive load of pronoun resolution. Finally, we evaluated a theoretical model of pronoun resolution on a corpus enriched with eye movement data. Our research shows that multiple factors play a role in pronoun resolution and that their influence can be estimated on corpus data. We also demonstrate that the concepts of Information Theory play a role in pronoun resolution. We conclude that the evaluation of hypotheses on corpus data enriched with cognitive data ---- such as eye movement data --- play an important role in the development and evaluation of theories. We expect that corpus based methods will lead to a better modelling of the influence of discourse structure on pronoun resolution in future work
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Cheung, Ka-yan Winnie. "Pronoun resolution in school-age children's reading." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36208887.
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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 1994."A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, April 29, 1994." Also available in print.
Books on the topic "Pronoun"
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Richard, Cohen. Pronoun music: Stories. Bainbridge Island, WA: Pleasure Boat Studio, 2000.
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Krauthamer, Helene Seltzer. The Great Pronoun Shift. New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367210175.
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Paterson, Laura Louise. British Pronoun Use, Prescription, and Processing. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137332738.
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Wales, Katie. Personal pronouns in present-day English. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
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Quinn, Heidi. The distribution of pronoun case forms in English. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2004.
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Javaxišvili, Kato. Nacʻvali saxeli: Pronoun : poema avtoristʻvis da personažtʻatʻvis. Tʻbilisi: Gamomcʻemloba Saunje, 2012.
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Woodard, Roger D. On interpreting morphological change: The Greek reflexive pronoun. Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben, 1990.
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Barbu, Catalina. Bilingual pronoun resolution: Experiments in english and french. Wolverhampton: University of Wolverhampton, 2003.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Pronoun"
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Wang, Li. "Indefinite pronoun, reflexive pronoun, reciprocal pronoun and modified pronoun." In Modern Chinese Grammar III, 20–36. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003313571-3.
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Peristeri, Eleni, Katsiperi Maria, Fleva Eleni, and Ianthi Maria Tsimpli. "On the interaction of age, cognitive abilities, print exposure and pronoun type in pronoun resolution." In Language Faculty and Beyond, 68–93. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lfab.18.03per.
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Our study examines the impact of age differences in the interpretation of null and overt subject pronouns in referentially ambiguous sentences, while investigating at the same time the extent to which ambiguous anaphora resolution is affected by cognitive and print exposure measures. Older adults (n = 46) and younger adults (n = 62) were administered an online self-paced listening referent-choice task and a battery of cognitive measures including digit span, visual attention switching, as well as a print exposure. Pronoun resolution was found to be subject to age differences, however, the two pronouns were not equally affected. Referent preference radically changed with age for the null pronoun contexts only, while overt pronoun resolution patterns were similar across the two age groups. The groups’ performance is accounted for in terms of both age-related cognitive decline and the pronouns’ degree of morphophonological specification.
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Arnold, Jennifer. "Pronoun Errors." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2407. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_363.
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Arnold, Jennifer. "Pronoun Reversal." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2407–8. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_364.
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Arnold, Jennifer. "Pronoun Use." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2408–12. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_365.
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Mitkov, Ruslan. "Pronoun resolution." In Corpus-based and Computational Approaches to Discourse Anaphora, 129. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.3.07mit.
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Quinn, Heidi. "Pronoun forms." In Varieties of English Around the World, 31–48. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/veaw.g39.03qui.
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Wang, Li. "Demonstrative pronoun." In Modern Chinese Grammar III, 37–61. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003313571-4.
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Wang, Li. "Personal pronoun." In Modern Chinese Grammar III, 6–19. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003313571-2.
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Wang, Li. "Interrogative pronoun." In Modern Chinese Grammar III, 62–84. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003313571-5.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Pronoun"
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Iakovleva, Dariia V. "TRANSLATION OF THE NORWEGIAN SECOND PERSON SINGULAR PRONOUN DU INTO RUSSIAN." In Second Scientific readings in memory of Professor V. P. Berkov. St. Petersburg State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288063592.
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The article says about translation challenges related to the Norwegian second person singular pronoun du. The research aims to reveal translation alternatives that help to show pronoun usage characteristics in Russian and Norwegian. The point is that, apart from few exceptions, only pronoun du is used for address to one person in Norwegian nowadays, whereas Russian has two pronouns used in such a way. Based on theory and example analysis, translation guidelines have been presented. The general conclusion is that one might use either the pronoun ты, the pronoun вы, or the verb’s infinitive form instead of one of the pronouns, which depends on the situation considered and the text type, for it is important that the option should sound natural given the context.
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Fedorkiv, L. A. "Semantics and functions of the indefinite pronoun muta in the Khanty language." In General question of world science. L-Journal, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/gq-30-11-2020-13.
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Indefinite pronouns, like all pronouns, receive specific meanings in a coherent speech environment and serve as a means of actualizing communication. The functional-semantic features of the indefinite pronouns of the Khanty language were not the subject of special research. A single indefinite pronoun has its own functional-semantic potential. For the first time, the article discusses in detail the features of the functioning of the indefinite pronoun of mŏλti in the Kazym dialect of the Khanty language.
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Lindemann, Sofiana-Iulia, Stanca Mada, Laura Sasu, and Madalina Matei. "Thematic role and grammatical function affect pronoun production." In 11th International Conference of Experimental Linguistics. ExLing Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36505/exling-2020/11/0028/000443.
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According to different approaches to pronoun processing, in pro-drop languages, null pronouns are interpreted as referring back to the grammatical subject and topical referent, while overt pronouns are usually interpreted as coreferring with a non-subject and non-topical antecedent. The present study investigates whether thematic role and grammatical function impact (overt and null) pronoun production in Romania. Results show that we do not encounter a clear division of labour between the two pronoun forms triggered by syntactic structure alone and that thematic roles matter as well. The findings support a multi-dimensional approach, suggesting that different referential forms are constrained by different factors.
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Grigoryeva, Yuliana M., Elena A. Gurova, and Aleksandra N. Livanova. "THE GENDER-NEUTRAL THIRD-PERSON PERSONAL PRONOUN HEN IN CONTINENTAL SCANDINAVIAN LANGUAGES." In Second Scientific readings in memory of Professor V. P. Berkov. St. Petersburg State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288063570.
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The article examines the peculiarities of the use of the new pronoun hen in the three continental Scandinavian languages. Discussions about gender-neutral pronouns originated in the 1960s, when the debates about gender equality and women’s rights were under way in Scandinavia. Different variants of the new gender-neutral pronoun were proposed. Owing to its phonetic resemblance to the original Scandinavian pronouns, the form hen was in favour over other options, but in those years it did not gain wide currency. In the 21st century, owing to the development of gender concepts and a different view on gender identity, the attitude to hen has changed. In 2015, the pronoun hen was incorporated in the 14th edition of the Swedish Academy Dictionary (SAOL), in 2021 it was recorded in the explanatory dictionary of the Swedish language released by the Swedish Academy (Svensk Ordbok), but though already codified, it is far from being accepted by everybody in the Swedish society. In Norway, the pronoun hen was entered into the Norwegian language dictionaries in June 2022, but ever since theologians have been engaged in a heated debate about its eventual use in the Bible. In Denmark, the pronoun hen, still uncodified, is mainly used in relation to non-binary persons, yielding in frequency to the pronoun de in the same function.
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Yin, Qingyu, Weinan Zhang, Yu Zhang, and Ting Liu. "A Deep Neural Network for Chinese Zero Pronoun Resolution." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/464.
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Existing approaches for Chinese zero pronoun resolution overlook semantic information. This is because zero pronouns have no descriptive information, which results in difficulty in explicitly capturing their semantic similarities with antecedents. Moreover, when dealing with candidate antecedents, traditional systems simply take advantage of the local information of a single candidate antecedent while failing to consider the underlying information provided by the other candidates from a global perspective. To address these weaknesses, we propose a novel zero pronoun-specific neural network, which is capable of representing zero pronouns by utilizing the contextual information at the semantic level. In addition, when dealing with candidate antecedents, a two-level candidate encoder is employed to explicitly capture both the local and global information of candidate antecedents. We conduct experiments on the Chinese portion of the OntoNotes 5.0 corpus. Experimental results show that our approach substantially outperforms the state-of-the-art method in various experimental settings.
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Tiedemann, Jörg. "Baseline Models for Pronoun Prediction and Pronoun-Aware Translation." In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Discourse in Machine Translation. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w15-2515.
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Krasnoshchekova, Sofia V. "INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS CHTO ‘WHAT’, KTO ‘WHO’, KAKOI ‘WHICH’ AND LINES OF THEIR DERIVATIVES IN THE L1 ACQUISITION." In 49th International Philological Conference in Memory of Professor Ludmila Verbitskaya (1936–2019). St. Petersburg State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288062353.16.
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The article examines the acquisition of pronouns of the lines kto ‘who’, chto ‘what’ and kakoi ‘which’, belonging to the interrogative, indefinite and negative groups, by Russian- speaking children. We have used longitudinal data, those being recordings of the speech of 5 children aged from 2 to 4 years. Analysis of the functional-semantic and morphological-syntactic features of pronouns in the speech of children allowed us to draw the following conclusions: children’s speed and ease of mastering the pronouns depends not only on their frequency in the input, but also on the internal linguistic features of each lexeme. The role is played by the combination of the function of a pronoun in a specific utterance, and the basic meaning of the series: for example, in the chto ‘what’ line such cognitively successful combination is “concreteness + objectivity”, and in the kto ‘who’ line “animacy” refers to the lesser level of “concreteness” (this may be explained by the later appearance of lexemes of this line in children’s speech). The line of kakoi ‘which’ demonstrates association between the attributive meaning and a) pure indefiniteness (including non-concreteness in irrealis) and b) deicticity, when primarily non-deictic interrogative kakoi ‘which’ and indefinite kakoi-to ‘some’ in the speech of children in relative-demonstrative, emphatic, and actualizing contexts approach the demonstrative takoi ‘such’. The development of the morphological and syntactic side of pronouns occurs in children without significant difficulties: there are almost no mistakes in the word formation, although children often follow a strategy close to the strategy of avoidance: children prefer to use only the initial forms of pronouns (including the Gen. forms of negative pronouns), so these pronouns adopt certain adverbial traits in the speech of young children and can be seen as unchangeable. The main syntactic features are the use of pronouns within typical constructions, acquired on the whole, and a large number of interrogative sentences in which the pronoun is not transferred to the beginning. Refs 26.
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Luong, Ngoc Quang, and Andrei Popescu-Belis. "Pronoun Language Model and Grammatical Heuristics for Aiding Pronoun Prediction." In Proceedings of the First Conference on Machine Translation: Volume 2, Shared Task Papers. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w16-2352.
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Hardmeier, Christian, Preslav Nakov, Sara Stymne, Jörg Tiedemann, Yannick Versley, and Mauro Cettolo. "Pronoun-Focused MT and Cross-Lingual Pronoun Prediction: Findings of the 2015 DiscoMT Shared Task on Pronoun Translation." In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Discourse in Machine Translation. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w15-2501.
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Zhang, Ning, Fang Kong, and Peifeng Li. "Research of Event Pronoun Resolution." In 2011 International Conference on Asian Language Processing (IALP 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ialp.2011.31.
Full textReports on the topic "Pronoun"
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McKoon, Gail, Steven B. Greene, and Roger Ratcliff. Discourse Models, Pronoun Resolution, and the Implicit Causality of Verbs. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada259740.
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Derenchuk, Vladimir. Final Technical Report for the ProNova Solutions contribution to: Compact, low-cost, light-weight, superconducting, ironless cyclotrons for hadron radiotherapy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1458543.
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Pikilnyak, Andrey V., Nadia M. Stetsenko, Volodymyr P. Stetsenko, Tetiana V. Bondarenko, and Halyna V. Tkachuk. Comparative analysis of online dictionaries in the context of the digital transformation of education. [б. в.], June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4431.
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The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of popular online dictionaries and an overview of the main tools of these resources to study a language. The use of dictionaries in learning a foreign language is an important step to understanding the language. The effectiveness of this process increases with the use of online dictionaries, which have a lot of tools for improving the educational process. Based on the Alexa Internet resource it was found the most popular online dictionaries: Cambridge Dictionary, Wordreference, Merriam–Webster, Wiktionary, TheFreeDictionary, Dictionary.com, Glosbe, Collins Dictionary, Longman Dictionary, Oxford Dictionary. As a result of the deep analysis of these online dictionaries, we found out they have the next standard functions like the word explanations, transcription, audio pronounce, semantic connections, and examples of use. In propose dictionaries, we also found out the additional tools of learning foreign languages (mostly English) that can be effective. In general, we described sixteen functions of the online platforms for learning that can be useful in learning a foreign language. We have compiled a comparison table based on the next functions: machine translation, multilingualism, a video of pronunciation, an image of a word, discussion, collaborative edit, the rank of words, hints, learning tools, thesaurus, paid services, sharing content, hyperlinks in a definition, registration, lists of words, mobile version, etc. Based on the additional tools of online dictionaries we created a diagram that shows the functionality of analyzed platforms.
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Do autistic girls talk differently about social groups? ACAMH, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.17470.
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