Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Proper names, translation'

This study combines two aspects of particular interest in the field of translation: the study of proper names, which, having a particular idiosyncrasy, make for especially interesting analysis in an interlinguistic context, and audiovisual translation, which, on account of the inherent restrictions governing a text of this nature, has particular characteristics. The precise aim of this study will be to analyse how proper names are dealt with in the two most established forms of audiovisual translation – dubbing and subtitling – using the German film Berlin is in Germany as an object of study. The Spanish dubbed and subtitled versions of the original German text will be analysed to determine the extent to which these two techniques may influence the final result, given the specific limitations of each form.

This study investigates the translation of cultural features in fiction. It is based on two translations into English of the Swedish book The Brothers Lionheart and its focus lies on proper names, place names, food, and dialect. Acomparison between the two translations is also made. The results showed that there were differences in the translation of proper names, place names, and food. While the overall differences for proper names, place names and food were small, there were big differences in the way some proper names and food were translated. However, these cases were very few, and on the whole, the translations resemble each other in most areas. As regards the translation of dialect, this was completely omitted in both translations.

This study looks at English place names in Swedish texts with a focus on which translation strategies are more common today, whether there is a progress from a diachronic perspective from translation to transference, and whether the prominence of each place name affects the chosen translation strategy. The thesis includes a corpusbased study of 299 place names collected from four sources, which were researched in the online newspaper archive found on the website of the National Library of Sweden. A chapter from Rowan Moore’s book Slow Burn City was translated and its use of place names analysed in light of the corpus results. The results showed that transference is the most used strategy today while part-translations and additions are also frequently used. The prominence of a place has been shown to be a determining factor in the chosen translation strategy, with more well-known places being transferred in English than lesser known places. The results varied between the different categories of place names (institutions and facilities, objects and works of art and geographical places) regarding the most frequent strategies in the past with some categories showing a progress from translation to transference, others with even use of translation and transference in the past and finally two categories where English was more common in the past than today.

The translation of names is a topic for discussion within many fields, no less so within translation studies. Furthermore, the translation of proper names in children’s literature is a topic with on-going changes. There is a divide between those who believe that the names should be translated into proper cultural equivalent and those who believe it is time to have faith in children being able to handle foreign names. That is what this study will focus on. Approx. 15 names from seven children’s books from 1865 to 2011 were studied to conclude that there seems to be a greater faith in children’s ability to handle foreign names. Three languages were compared English, Spanish, and Swedish with the majority of the 337 names studied being kept in their original format, with spelling intact.
Översättningen av namn är ett diskussionsämne inom många områden, inte minst inom översättningsstudier. Utöver detta är översättningen av egennamn inom barnlitteratur ett ämne som är under ständig förändring. Det finns en klyfta mellan de som menar att namn borde bli översatta till sin kulturella likvärdighet och de som menar att det är på tiden att lita på att barn kan hantera främmande namn. Det är denna diskussion som kommer vara fokus för denna uppsatsen. Ca. 15 namn från sju barnböcker från 1865 till 2011 studerades för att visa att det verkar finnas en större tilltro till barns förmåga att hantera främmande namn. Tre språk jämfördes, engelska, spanska och svenska. Var utav de 337 namnen som studerades var majoriteten oförändrade i översättningarna.

This comparative study analyzes the translation of proper names found in the Lithuanian and Polish versions of Jerome K. Jerome’s Three Men on the Bummel. The analysis is preceded by the discussion of the status of proper names in the English language and their function in the text, later, the various basis for their classification are presented. Further, the treatment of the foreign proper names in the Polish and the Lithuanian language is taken into consideration as the grammatical rules often influence the choices of translators. As various scholars label the similar translation procedures differently, a review of solutions in translating proper names is carried out. In result, for the sake of clarity, the translation strategies proposed by Eirlys E. Davies (preservation, localization, addition, globalization, transformation, omission and creation) (2003) serve as the basis for this comparative analysis. As this thesis aims to reveal the tendencies in translating proper names in the Lithuanian and Polish languages, the Lithuanian translation of Jerome K. Jerome’s Three Men on the Bummel, done by Jonas Čeponis and titled Trise dviračiais (2005) is compared to the Polish ones produced by Jolanta Plakwicz as Trzej panowie na rowerach (1992) and Piotr J. Szwajcer as Trzech panów w Niemczech (tym razem bez psa) (2007). In result, the analysis and statistical representation of strategies applied to the translation of personal, object and geographical names reveal the existing... [to full text]
Šio darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti tikrinių daiktavardžių iš Jerome K. Jerome romano „Three Men on the Bummel“ vertimų būdus, kuriuos pasirinko lietuvių ir lenkų vertėjai. Darbe apžvelgiama tikrinių daiktavardžių vieta anglų kalbos gramatikoje, jų funkcijos tekste bei aptariama įvairi jų klasifikacija. Atsižvelgiama į kitų kalbų tikrinių daiktavardžių pateikimo taisykles lietuvių ir lenkų kalbose, kurios gali įtakoja vertėjų pasirinkimą. Kadangi mokslininkai skirtingai įvardija panašias vertimo procedūras, šios analizės pagrindą sudaro Eirlys E. Davis (2003) pasiūlytos strategijos, kuriomis remiantis tikrinių daiktavardžių vertimas Jonas Čeponio „Trise dviračiais“ (2005) lyginamas su Jolanta Plakwicz vertimu „Trzej panowie na rowerach“ (1992) ir Piotr J. Szwajcer „Trzech panów w Niemczech (tym razem bez psa)“ (2007). Atliktos analizės ir statistinių duomenų pagrindu teigiama, jog tiek lietuvių, tiek lenkų kalboje įžvelgiamos tam tikros vertimo tendencijos. Lietuvių vertėjas dažniau tikrinius daiktavardžius pateikia pagal lietuvių kalbos fonetikos ir morfologijos taisykles, todėl lietuvių skaitytojams jų tartis problemų nesukelia. Lenkų skaitytojams dažniau pateikiami tikriniai daiktavardžiai originalia (kitos kalbos) rašyba, kurie tik priderinti prie lenkų kalboje galiojančių linksniavimo dėsnių. Pastebima, jog lietuvių vertėjas dažnai papildomą informaciją pateikia išnašose. Praleistų, sukurtų, globalizuotų ar pakeistų tikrinių daiktavardžių skaičius minėtuose vertimuose yra... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

The main objective and primary aim of the paper was to analyze translation strategies which were employed while translating geographical and characters’ names from English into Lithuanian in John Ronald Reuel Tolkien’s novel The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring.The study set out with the objective of assessing the theoretical background of translation of culture specific items. The main concern was the definition and categorization of non- equivalence and related concepts. Moreover, the core object of the paper was to disclose the usage of translation strategies that were employed while translating the proper names from English into Lithuanian.
Pagrindinis darbo tikslas buvo išanalizuoti vertimo strategijas, kurios buvo naudojamos verčiant veikėjų vardus ir vietovardžius iš anglų kalbos į lietuvių J.R.R. Tolkieno romane Žiedų Valdovas:Žiedo Brolija. Darbo tikslas buvo ištirti teorinę medžiagą susijusią su kultūrinių realijų vertimu. Didelis dėmesys buvo skirtas neekvivalentiškumo ir susijusių konceptų aiškinimui.Be to, pagrindinis darbo uždavinys buvo išsiaiškinti, kaip buvo pritaikytos vertimo strategijos verčiant tikrinius vardus iš anglų kalbos į lietuvių.

Dans l'ère de l'information et de la connaissance, la traduction automatique (TA) devientprogressivement un outil indispensable pour transposer la signification d'un texte d'une langue source versune langue cible. La TA des noms propres (NP), en particulier, joue un rôle crucial dans ce processus,puisqu'elle permet une identification précise des personnes, des lieux, des organisations et des artefacts àtravers les langues. Malgré un grand nombre d'études et des résultats significatifs concernant lareconnaissance d'entités nommées (dont le nom propre fait partie) dans la communauté de TAL dans lemonde, il n'existe presque aucune recherche sur la traduction automatique des noms propres (TANP) pourle vietnamien. En raison des caractéristiques différentes d'écriture de NP, la translittération ou la transcription etla traduction de plusieurs de langues incluant l'anglais, le français, le russe, le chinois, etc. vers levietnamien, le TANP de ces langues vers le vietnamien est stimulant et problématique. Cette étude seconcentre sur les problèmes de TANP d’anglais vers le vietnamien et de français vers le vietnamienrésultant du moteurs courants de la TA et présente les solutions de prétraitement de ces problèmes pouraméliorer la qualité de la TA. A travers l'analyse et la classification d'erreurs de la TANP faites sur deux corpus parallèles detextes avec PN (anglais-vietnamien et français-vietnamien), nous proposons les solutions concernant deuxproblématiques importantes: (1) l'annotation de corpus, afin de préparer des bases de données pour leprétraitement et (2) la création d'un programme pour prétraiter automatiquement les corpus annotés, afinde réduire les erreurs de la TANP et d'améliorer la qualité de traduction des systèmes de TA, tels queGoogle, Vietgle, Bing et EVTran. L'efficacité de différentes méthodes d'annotation des corpus avec des NP ainsi que les tauxd'erreurs de la TANP avant et après l'application du programme de prétraitement sur les deux corpusannotés est comparés et discutés dans cette thèse. Ils prouvent que le prétraitement réduitsignificativement le taux d'erreurs de la TANP et, par la même, contribue à l'amélioration de traductionautomatique vers la langue vietnamienne
Machine translation (MT) has increasingly become an indispensable tool for decoding themeaning of a text from a source language into a target language in our current information and knowledgeera. In particular, MT of proper names (PN) plays a crucial role in providing the specific and preciseidentification of persons, places, organizations, and artefacts through the languages. Despite a largenumber of studies and significant achievements of named entity recognition in the NLP communityaround the world, there has been almost no research on PNMT for Vietnamese language. Due to the different features of PN writing, transliteration or transcription and translation from a variety of languages including English, French, Russian, Chinese, etc. into Vietnamese, the PNMT from those languages into Vietnamese is still challenging and problematic issue. This study focuses on theproblems of English-Vietnamese and French-Vietnamese PNMT arising from current MT engines. First,it proposes a corpus-based PN classification, then a detailed PNMT error analysis to conclude with somepre-processing solutions in order to improve the MT quality. Through the analysis and classification of PNMT errors from the two English-Vietnamese and French-Vietnamese parallel corpora of texts with PNs, we propose solutions concerning two major issues:(1)corpus annotation for preparing the pre-processing databases, and (2)design of the pre-processingprogram to be used on annotated corpora to reduce the PNMT errors and enhance the quality of MTsystems, including Google, Vietgle, Bing and EVTran. The efficacy of different annotation methods of English and French corpora of PNs and the results of PNMT errors before and after using the pre-processing program on the two annotated corporaare compared and discussed in this study. They prove that the pre-processing solution reducessignificantly PNMT errors and contributes to the improvement of the MT systems’ for Vietnameselanguage

When a translator gets a new mission, even though he or she has a lot of experience in the subject, there are great responsibilities when it comes to the exactitude of the information in the translation. The translator can be responsible that the reader miscomprehends the text if the translation is perceived as strange in the target culture. Proper names are very close to cultural differences and, as such, are quite problematic to translate. What the translator can do in order to avoid these problems is to apply a translation strategy during his work. This study has the aim to find an adequate strategy to the translation of proper names in French socio-political texts. In order to analyse different proper names and apply a method, we had to translate a socio-political text into Swedish, more specifically a part of a political text written by Denis Pelletier in 2005 called “L’école, l’Europe, les corps: la laïcité et le voile” which is about the banning for young girls to wear the Islamic veil in French schools. The study highlighted two matters. First, is there a specific strategy that can be applied to French proper names when they are translated into Swedish that are not well known to a Swedish reader? Second, are there any complications to solve in proper names that are related to cultural differences between the source language and the target language? In order to answer these questions we chose to use the theories of Jean-Paul Vinay and Jean Darbelnet presented by Jeremy Munday in Introducing Translation Studies. Theories and Application (2012) that helped us when certain translations of proper names were complicated and it helped us justify changes in the translation. The work on proper names by Peter Newmark presented in A Textbook of Translation (1988) helped us to identify six categories of proper names precisely; toponyms, names of ministries, institutional names, names of public bodies, anthroponyms and names of political parties. While analysing the result we found that the different solutions proposed by Newmark were not applied to each translation of proper names. In addition, the most frequently used translation method was the procedure of couplets.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss some of the difficulties that came up in the translation of an English travel guide about Costa Rica into Swedish, and what strategies may be employed in order to solve them. The focus is on how to handle proper nouns, figures of speech and terminology. In order to gather material for the study an English travel guide about Costa Rica was translated into Swedish and then some of the translation problems encountered during translation were chosen for an in-depth analysis. The analysis is mainly based on Rune Ingo’s and Peter Newmark’s theories, but other sources have also been used as a basis for the discussion.   Proper nouns were mostly handled by transference of the names in their original forms into the TT as well as transference in combination with a functional or descriptive equivalent. Where appropriate, some proper nouns were translated with recognized Swedish translations or partially translated and partially transferred. Many metaphors and idioms were translated into corresponding figurative expressions found in the target language. When this was not possible, they were either translated word-for-word, provided that they still conveyed the meaning of the ST metaphor or idiom, or translated with a non-figurative expression. In order to make up for lost figurative expressions, one non-figurative expression was translated with a metaphor. Regarding terminology, terms were mostly translated with corresponding terms found in Swedish bilingual dictionaries or other resources on the Internet. However, some terms had to be transferred from the ST in their original forms or translated with less specific words, since no corresponding terms could be found in the target language. The findings show that several different strategies were used to handle translation of proper nouns, figures of speech and terminology in this specific travel guide and which strategy to use depends on situational factors.

Cette thèse a pour objet l‘analyse des dénominations monoréférentielles (DM) dénommant des référents singuliers ─ lieu, personne, événement, institution ou produit de l‘activité humaine ─ dans un corpus établi à partir de guides touristiques consacrés à l‘Algérie. L‘analyse des données révèle un champ linguistique complexe et multilingue (arabe-français-berbère) où l‘auteur du guide est confronté aux problèmes posés par le transfert de dénominations idiosyncrasiques relatives à la réalité algérienne. Dans le cadre d‘une recherche impliquant une dimension nécessairement traductologique, nous effectuons une analyse morphosyntaxique et sémantico-référentielle de ces DM. Au terme de cette analyse qui met en évidence la complexité de ces formes appellatives, tant au plan de la forme qu‘à celui du sens, nous proposons des éléments susceptibles de contribuer à une nouvelle définition du nom ! propre
This thesis aims to analyze uniquely-referring names which refer to singular referents indicating a place, a person, an event, an institution or a product of human activity in a corpus of tourist guide specific to Algeria. It is evident from the analysis that the issue of language contact poses a multilingual (Arabic – Berber – French) complexity in the linguistic field where the author is constantly confronted with idiosyncratic names that identify Algerian reality. In addition to translatological aspects, we conduct an analysis of morpho-syntactic and semantic-referential properties of these uniquely-referring names which highlights their formal and semantic complexity hence contribute towards new definition of proper names

Les noms propres sont omniprésents et intéressent, depuis des siècles, philosophes et linguistes. Le travail réalisé ici est une étude contrastive des noms propres en traduction, divisée en quatre parties. Les deux premières parties sont théoriques. La première partie traite de la notion de nom propre en linguistique anglaise et en linguistique française. La deuxième partie présente les différents procédés de traduction, illustrés par des exemples sur les noms propres. Les deux parties suivantes sont expérimentales. La troisième partie détaille les différentes étapes de la constitution de notre corpus multilingue parallèle aligné et annoté, composé de onze versions du roman de Jules Verne, Le Tour du Monde en quatre-vingts jours, en dix langues européennes. La quatrième partie expose les résultats obtenus suite à l’observation du comportement des noms propres en traduction.Cette étude contredit souvent l’hypothèse largement répandue de leur intraduisibilité
Proper names are omnipresent and have long held the interest of both philosophers and linguists.Our work, divided into four parts, presents, from a contrastive perspective, the behaviour of proper names in translation.The first two parts are theoretical. Firstly, we give a general presentation of what is a proper name from the point of view of both English and French linguistics. Secondly, we introduce the different translation processes proper nouns can undergo.The last two parts are experimental. We begin by explaining the different phases in the process of constitution of our aligned and annotated multilingual parallel corpus, composed of eleven versions of Jules Verne’s novel, Le Tour du monde en quatre-vingts jours, in ten European languages. We then present the results obtained from the observation of proper names behaviour in translation.These results often contradict the widespread idea regarding proper names untranslatability

The aim of this study is to analyse the translation strategies used in order to translate a socio-political text from French to Swedish with focus on proper names and metaphors. Proper names and metaphors are deeply culture rooted and containers of specific elements familiar only to an initiated audience. The main purpose is to investigate the possibility of transferring these underlying elements from one culture to another, keeping in mind the genre, the aim (or skopos), the Interpretive Theory of Translation and the pragmatic aspect. Vinay and Darbelnet and Rune Ingo offered the methods for the translation of proper names. The most common strategy used was transfer or literal translation, in certain cases followed by a complementary information, and equivalence. The conceptual theory worked as a starting point for the classification of metaphors and the strategies proposed by Peter Newmark structured the translation. With the concepts of war and family the pragmatic aspect needed to be considered more frequently than with the concept of game and the procedures of conversion of metaphor to sense and translation of metaphor by simile were used to a lager extent than that of reproducing the same image. Analysing each case one by one and applying the most suitable strategy according to context and circumstances, with respect to culture differences and sense, helped us to form a coherent unity providing a suitable ground for a cultural transfer to grow, or at least to show.

El tema de la tesina presentada es la traducción de los nombres propios en la novela Los hombres que no amaban a las mujeres de Stieg Larsson. El objetivo de la tesina es ver cómo los nombres propios son traducidos y ver si un lector hispanohablante pierde o no el significado sobreentendido o las asociaciones que puedan tener los nombres propios. El método es análisis de texto, usamos tanto el análisis cuantitativo como el análisis cualitativo. Contamos la frecuencia de los nombres propios en varias categorías y los analizamos. El resultado es que la mayoría de los nombres son transferidos y que mucha información sobreentendida de los nombres propios se pierde con las transferencias y las eliminaciones, en total un 19 por ciento, pero los nombres con descriptores traducidos, compensaciones, traducciones reconocidas, equivalentes culturales o traducciones totales se comprenden bien tanto por un lector hispanohablante como por un lector sueco.

This study deals with the translation of cultural references and proper-name allusions from English to Finnish in the DVD-subtitles of Gilmore Girls. Its most important aim is to examine what types of methods have been used to translate the culture-bound items found in the so-called Gilmore-isms or, what type of relationship does the target text have with the source text and whether the translations are more foreignising or domesticating. In addition to this, the study examines the type of influence the needs of the receiver and the audiovisual format and the relationship between the source and the target culture have on translation and in which ways translation is associated with cultural and social power structures in society. The research questions are approached with the help of Translation Studies. A methodological basis has been sought especially from the research on allusions by Leppihalme and the methods of foreignisation and domestication by Venuti. In addition to this, the analysis draws from Reception Theory and the Study of Audiovisual Translation. 9 episodes from the 4th season of Gilmore Girls were analysed. There were 62 Gilmore-isms and 80 cultural references to music, films, television programmes, fictional characters, politicians and famous people found in the study material. Based on this study and earlier research, it can be claimed that culture-bound items are usually translated with foreignising methods when translating from English to Finnish in television series. This is believed to have to do with the socio-economic power of Anglophone countries, especially the United States, over marginal ones. Finnish viewers are also used to English expressions and the culture of Anglophone countries and, therefore, the use of U.S. American cultural references does not form a problem for the receiver. The audiovisual format has not affected the chosen translation methods as much as had been anticipated, thus space has not been a particularly significant factor for the translators which can also be seen in the translation methods chosen
Tässä tutkielmassa käsitellään kulttuuriviittausten sekä erisnimi-alluusioiden kääntämistä englannista suomeksi Gilmoren tyttöjen DVD-tekstityksissä. Sen perimmäisenä tarkoituksena on selvittää, millaisin metodein niin kutsutuista Gilmore-ismeista löydetyt kulttuurisidonnaiset viittaukset on käännetty, eli millainen suhde lähdetekstillä on kohdetekstiin ja ovatko käännökset kotouttavia vai vieraannuttavia. Lisäksi tutkielmassa selvitetään vastaanottajan tarpeiden ja audiovisuaalisen formaatin sekä lähde- ja kohdekulttuurin välisen suhteen vaikutusta käännöksiin ja millä tavoin kääntäminen liittyy yhteiskunnassa vallitseviin kulttuurisiin ja sosiaalisiin valtarakenteisiin. Tutkimuskysymyksiä lähestytään kääntämistutkimuksen keinoin. Metodista teoriapohjaa on haettu erityisesti Leppihalmeen alluusioiden tutkimuksesta, sekä Venutin kotouttamisen ja vieraannuttamisen strategioista. Tämän lisäksi analyysiosio ammentaa tietoa vastaanottotutkimuksesta, sekä audiovisuaalisen kääntämisen tutkimuksesta. Tutkimuksessa analysoitiin 9 Gilmoren tyttöjen jaksoa 4. tuotantokaudelta. Musiikkiin, elokuviin, televisio-ohjelmiin, fiktiivisiin hahmoihin, poliitikoihin sekä kuuluisuuksiin liittyviä Gilmore-ismeja löydettiin tutkimusmateriaalista 62 kappaletta ja niistä kulttuurisidonnaisia viittauksia 80 kappaletta. Tämän sekä aiempien tutkimusten perusteella voidaan väittää, että kulttuurisidonnaiset viittaukset käännetään useimmiten vieraannuttavasti silloin, kun käännetään englannista suomeksi televisiosarjoissa. Tämän uskotaan liittyvän englanninkielisten maiden, erityisesti Yhdysvaltojen omaamaan sosio-ekonomiseen valta-asemaan. Suomalaiset katsojat ovat myös tottuneet englanninkielisiin ilmaisuihin ja englanninkielisten maiden kulttuuriin, joten yhdysvaltalaisten kulttuuriviittausten käyttö sellaisenaan ei muodostu ongelmaksi katsojalle. Audiovisuaalinen formaatti ei ole vaikuttanut valittuihin käännösmetodeihin niin paljon kuin odotettiin, eli tila ei ole muodostunut merkittäväksi tekijäksi kääntäjille, mikä näkyy myös valituissa käännösmetodeissa

This thesis considers the role that proper names play in British mass market women’s fiction (genre generally known as Chick Lit) by means of an analysis of the way in which those proper names have been translated into Spanish and Italian. The relationship between source text and target text is explored in terms of the procedures employed to translate each proper name. Our main hypothesis is that Toury’s (1995) law of growing standardization would prevail in the translated text in an attempt to bring the connotations and foreign elements of the source language text nearer to the target language readership. This hypothesis is tested by creating a parallel trilingual corpus containing three novels in their original English versions as well as their translations into Spanish and Italian. Using corpus processing tools, such as named-entity recognition programs and trilingual concordancers, a total of 1500 distinct proper names are extracted from these texts which means that 3000 translation instances are available for analysis. These names are categorised using a novel faceted taxonomy, and the translations are classified using a purpose-built map of translation procedures. These categorisations are then analysed using corpus processing measurements such as raw and relative frequency to detect any possible patterns in the translation of proper names in modern literature. The research shows that translators attempt to identify an ‘equilibrium’ between conserving certain elements and explaining others; while attempting to bring the connotations and foreign elements closer to the target language culture a wide variety of procedures are used. The data also reveals a more marked tendency to conserve the proper names in their original form in the Spanish target texts than in the Italian target texts, where there is more variation in the range of procedures employed. In addition to these results, a major contribution to knowledge of this research is the creation and successful application of the taxonomy and map of procedures and the processes devised for the analysis which are now available to be used in other investigations.

Els noms propis són etiquetes nascudes i arrelades en una determinada cultura, portadores -per tant, i més enllà de la seva funció designativa- d'una càrrega etnolingüística. A més, en l'àmbit literari, i sobretot en gèneres com la literatura infantil o juvenil o la fantàstica, poden transmetre una al·lusivitat, connotativitat o semanticitat relativa -per exemple- a les particularitats físiques o comportamentals dels personatges. En aquest cas, el nom propi conté pistes o picades d'ullet deixats en general de forma voluntària i conscient per l'autor i rellevants per a la comprensió per part del receptor. Els noms propis motivats han despertat l'interès tant dels lingüistes, que han intentat definir i sistematitzar la seva naturalesa i tipologia, com dels traductòlegs, que han intentat afrontar les dificultats que comporta la seva traducció. No obstant això, encara no hi ha cap treball sistemàtic sobre la seva traducció de les llengües occidentals al xinès. Objectiu de la nostra tesi és, concretament, la traducció a aquesta llengua dels antropònims (noms de personatges) motivats transparents de la novel·lística escrita originalment en espanyol, francès i anglès. La investigació s'estructura en tres parts. En primer lloc, un estat de la qüestió, és a dir, un resum de la bibliografia existent, tant a la Xina com al món occidental, sobre noms proprios en general i, principalment, sobre traducció de noms propis. En segon lloc, elaborarem un corpus de noms propis literaris motivats transparents i les seves respectives traduccions al xinès, per tot seguit analitzar els condicionants i les tècniques de les solucions aportades pels diferents traductors. Finalment, ens centrarem en aspectes concrets relacionats amb determinats gèneres o obres, sempre amb la finalitat d'aclarir el procés de presa de decisions dels traductors quan s'enfronten a un nom propi en el món fictici.
Los nombres propios son etiquetas nacidas y enraizadas en una determinada cultura, portadoras —por consiguiente, y más allá de su función designativa— de una carga etnolingüística. Además, en el ámbito literario, y sobre todo en géneros como la literatura infantil o juvenil o la fantástica, pueden transmitir una alusividad, connotatividad o semanticidad relativa —por ejemplo— a las particularidades físicas o comportamentales de los personajes. En tal caso, el nombre proprio contiene pistas o guiños dejados en general de forma voluntaria y consciente por el autor y relevantes para la comprensión por parte del receptor. Los nombres propios motivados han despertado el interés tanto de los lingüistas, que han intentado definir y sistematizar su naturaleza y tipología, como de los traductólogos, que han intentado afrontar las dificultades que entraña su traducción. No obstante, todavía no hay ningún trabajo sistemático sobre su traducción de las lenguas occidentales al chino. Objetivo de nuestra tesis es, concretamente, la traducción a esta lengua de los antropónimos (nombres de personajes) motivados transparentes de la novelística escrita originalmente en español, francés e inglés. La investigación se estructura en tres partes. En primer lugar, un estado de la cuestión, es decir, un resumen de la bibliografía existente, tanto en China como en el mundo occidental, sobre nombres proprios en general y, principalmente, sobre traducción de nombres propios. En segundo lugar, elaboraremos un corpus de nombres propios literarios motivados transparentes y sus respectivas traducciones al chino, para acto seguido analizar los condicionantes y las técnicas de las soluciones aportadas por los distintos traductores. Por último, vamos a centrarnos en aspectos concretos relacionados con determinados géneros u obras, siempre con la finalidad de esclarecer el proceso de toma de decisiones de los traductores cuando se enfrentan a un nombre propio en el mundo ficticio.
Proper names are labels born and rooted in a certain culture, carrying —therefore, and beyond their designative function— an ethnolinguistic charge. In addition, in the literary field, and especially in genres such as children's or youth literature or fantasy, they can convey an allusiveness, connotation or semanticity relative —for example— to the physical or behavioral particularities of the characters. In this case, the proper name contains clues or hints left generally voluntarily and consciously by the author and relevant for the understanding by the recipient. Motivated proper names have aroused the interest both of linguists, who have tried to define and systematize their nature and typology, and of translation specialists, who have tried to face the difficulties involved in their translation. However, there is still no systematic work on its translation from Western languages into Chinese. The objective of our thesis is, specifically, the translation into this language of the transparent motivated anthroponyms (names of characters) of the novels originally written in Spanish, French and English. The investigation is structured in three parts. In the first place, a state of the art, that is, a summary of the existing bibliography, both in China and in the Western world, on proper names in general and, mainly, on the translation of proper names. Secondly, we will develop a corpus of transparent motivated literary proper names and their respective Chinese translations, to then analyze the conditions and techniques of the solutions provided by the different translators. Finally, we are going to focus on specific aspects related to certain genres or works, always with the aim of clarifying the decision-making process of translators when faced with a proper name in the fictional world.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Traducció i Estudis Interculturals

The subject of this thesis is proper names in Czech and Spanish language and proper names in translation from Spanish into Czech. The theoretical part of the thesis comprises of an overview of the current state of investigation in the field both in Czech and in Spanish. In Czech linguistics, onomastics is a comparatively developed discipline. In Spanish, it is mostly grammatical manuals that deal with proper names. In both languages, authors tend to agree on the definition and classification of proper names into anthroponyms, toponyms and chrematonyms; however, Spanish authors usually do not separate chrematonyms as a category under such name. Furthermore, nobody has yet defined or classified the functions of proper names in Spanish language (an action which has already been done for the Czech language). Opinions on the translation of proper names differ to a large degree. Authors recognize proper names as polyfunctional units and agree that their translation (or non-translation) is in large measure conditioned by norms and specific historically conditioned conventions; by the function of the text, text type and genre; by the relationship of the working languages and so on. Authors also suggest their own set of strategies which can be used in the transfer of proper names from one language into...

The aim of this master thesis is to analyse the translation solutions used for the translation of proper names between Danish and Czech in five contemporary translations of Danish fiction. The first part deals with the definition and division of proper names in the Czech linguistic theory and with the analysis of the Translation studies literature, which will serve as the basis for the analysis. The main focus of the following part is the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the individual translation solutions in the analysed texts. The analysed proper names will be divided according to the translation procedures used in their translation. The results of the analysis will be used to draft the tendency in the translation of these names.

碩士
國立政治大學
英國語文學研究所
97
The Prelude has long been regarded as William Wordsworth's autobiographical poem in which he celebrates an autonomous and consistent self nourished from the interaction between his mind and Nature. However, the textual plurality and a sense of incompleteness of The Prelude contradicts the unique and unitary self-identity proposed by Wordsworth in this poem. On the basis of Derrida's theory of translation, this thesis intends to investigate the establishment of Wordsworth's identity as a poet in The Prelude in three aspects. First, the writing and completion of The Prelude is Wordsworth's task of the translator, the necessary and impossible task in search of an identity as a poet. Second, the constitution of Wordsworth's identity as a poet depends on the translation of Wordsworth's proper name which calls for and against translation at the same time. The translatability and untranslatability of Wordsworth's proper name leads to the textual plurality and incompleteness of The Prelude as the result of Wordsworth's endless translation of his name. Last but not least, The Prelude is not so much Wordsworth's autobiographical poem as Wordsworth's otobiography which calls for the ear of the other to constitute his self-identity by hearing and signing with him. This thesis endeavors to prove that Wordsworth, in the position of an indebted translator committed to an insolvent debt and non-dischargeable duty by a translation contract with Nature and Coleridge, is obliged to translate his proper name in search of the sur-vival of his name as a poet and his poetry by writing The Prelude as his otobiography which is always open to and demands the ear of the other to recognize and affirm Wordsworth's name as a great poet.