Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Propergols'
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Larangot, Benoît. "Conception, fabrication et caractérisation de matrices de micropulseurs pyrotechniques sur silicium." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30005.
Full textHEUILLET, PATRICK. "Caracterisation de l'endommagement des propergols solides composites." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMP0460.
Full textHeuillet, Patrick. "Caractérisation de l'endommagement des propergols solides composites." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD460.
Full textLonguet, Baptiste. "Etude expérimentale et numérique du comportement d’un propergol composite soumis à un échauffement lent." Orléans, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ORLE2051.
Full textBessaha, Nadine. "Adhésion de matériaux polyuréthanes : application aux propulseurs à base de propergols solides." Mulhouse, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MULH0401.
Full textGallier, Stany. "Simulation numérique de suspensions frictionnelles. Application aux propergols solides." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4073/document.
Full textThis work is devoted to three-dimensional numerical simulations of monodisperse non-inertial non-colloidal concentrated suspensions. To this end, a numerical method based on a fictitious domain technique is developed. It includes a detailed lubrication model as well as a contact model allowing for particle roughness and friction. One major result is the strong effect of friction on rheology, especially on shear viscosity and normal stresses. It also alters markedly normal viscosity or particle diffusion. Friction acts mostly through an increase in the contact stress since the hydrodynamic stress remains unaffected. This contact stress occurs to be the prevailing stress in dense suspensions. Overall, frictional results are in much better agreement with available experiments. The role of confinement is investigated as well and walls are shown to induce a strong local hexagonal ordering with a significant wall slip. This wall-induced ordering has a notable effect on rheology, especially on the first normal stress difference N1 that can be locally positive. Finally, we have studied the percolation of particle clusters across the suspension. The critical volume fraction is found to be in the range 0.3~0.4, with a significant dependence on roughness, friction, and domain size. Percolating clusters characteristics can globally be described by an isotropic percolation theory, with discrepancies regarding some critical exponents however. The role of percolating clusters on rheology is found to be very limited
Lazimi, David. "Détermination analytique de la réponse d'un propergol solide homogène à des oscillations de pression basses et hautes fréquences." Aix-Marseille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX11022.
Full textMarcilloux, Jérôme. "Contribution à l'étude de charges organiques pour matériaux composites à matrice élastomère : modification de surface de particules de polystyrène réticulées et encapsulation d'hydrocarbures polycycliques." Mulhouse, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MULH0365.
Full textGomont, Séverine. "Elaboration de polymères hydrocarbonés denses par polymérisation coordinative : mécanismes élémentaires et synthèse macromoléculaire." Bordeaux 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR12415.
Full textCoquillat, Marie. "Vieillissement des propergols à matrice polybutadiène : modélisation cinétique de l'oxydation." Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002967.
Full textAzoug, Aurélie. "Micromécanismes et comportement macroscopique d'un élastomère fortement chargé." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00552234.
Full textOrlandi, Olivier. "Modélisation et simulation n umérique de la combustion d'une goutte isolée d'aluminium." Orléans, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ORLE2061.
Full textGossé, Stéphane. "Caractérisations morphologiques et radiatives des alumines issues de la combustion de propergol : application au transfert radiatif dans les jets." Orléans, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ORLE2002.
Full textGenet, Sébastien. "Etude des mécanismes de vieillissement physique des polyréthanes : application aux Propergols solides." Mulhouse, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MULH0757.
Full textThe aim is to study the mechanisms of the physical aging of propellants based on polyuréthanes made with a soft polybutadiene phase and a hard phase of urethane clusters. This system tends to relax during aging with a phenomenon of phase séparation that corrupts burning properties. "Spin echo" and "spin diffusion" solid state NMR investigations give access to the clusters diameter, the width of the interphase and, to the proton partition and the hardness of the two phases and of the interphase. These analyses indicate a macroscopic and a nanoscopic rigidification of the two phases and of the interphase. They show a stability of the clusters diameter and of the width of the interphase during aging. The behaviour of polyuréthanes in function of additives such as dioctylazelate plasticizer points out a sélective plasticization of the soft phase and a rigidification of the two phases in presence of charge. These behaviours are modelized for each case
Ninous, Jacques. "Comportement viscoélastique et endommageable d'un propergol composite solide : application au dimensionnement d'une charge de propergol soumise à une sollicitation d'origine thermomécanique." Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR10609.
Full textCong, Weimin. "Préparation, caractérisation et stabilité thermique de différentes phases de l’hydrure d’aluminium (alane)." Poitiers, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011POIT2275.
Full textAluminum hydride or alane AlH3 is a very important material as energetic additives in rocket propellants. There are at least eight AlH3 phases found in the literature. But in fact only the most stable α-AlH3 (Hf° = -11. 4 kJ mol-1) can be a candidate for the potential utilization. The safe, reliable, low toxic and low cost synthesis methods of pure α-AlH3 attracted numerous studies. The alane samples are synthesized using an organometallic synthesis method in two steps : (i) preparation of a soluble alane complex solvated by ether; and (ii) removal of ether to get the non-sovated alane. 1) 3 LiAlH4 (in ether) + AlCl3 (in ether) (+ LiBH4) 4 AlH3·Et2O (solvated) + 3 LiCl(s) 2) AlH3·Et2O (solvated) (heat treatment / crystallization in solvent solution) AlH3(s). With changing heat treatment conditions and crystallization condition, kinds of alane samples are prepared. These samples are characterized with powder X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron spectroscopy, Raman scattering microprobe and NMR (27Al and 1H, for the study of alane solvated solution in ether). The decomposition performances of the samples are investigated by TGA-DTA and In-situ X-ray diffraction. Among these samples, pure γ-phase alane and pure α-phase alane are obtained successfully. The heat treatment temperature and the crystallization conditions in solvent solution play very important roles in the pure γ and α phase alane preparation respectively. After the stabilization treatment, α-phase alane are well stabilized. The samples are very stable until the main decomposition. The pure α-phase alane sample is prepared with larger scale (from 2 g to 6 g) and is repeatedly synthesized successfully. It has proved this preparation method is reliable and reproducible
Guichard, Donatienne. "Contribution à la caractérisation de la dégradation du polybutadiène hydroxytéléchélique et des polyutéthannes." Mulhouse, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MULH0302.
Full textPeroni, Cécile. "Caractérisation de la dégradation et de la violence de réaction d'un butargol soumis à un endommagement thermique." Orléans, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ORLE2041.
Full textDumas, Christophe. "Effet de la géométrie sur la propagation d'une onde ultrasonore dans un milieu solide confiné." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066719.
Full textDe, francqueville Foucault. "Etude micromécanique du lien entre endommagement local et comportement macroscopique de propergols solides." Thesis, Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IPPAX004.
Full textThe goal of this present project is the development of numerical tools for simulating damage of solid propellants, which are used for anaerobic propulsion. It should allow identifying which properties disturb their behavior. To study the effect of energetic particles shapes, 3D microstructures are generated with a random dispersion of monosized spheres or polyhedra at high volume fraction (55%). In case of spheres, the elastic properties of the representative volume elements (RVE) are confronted with an analytical model and experimental characterizations of model composites, with a remarkable coherence of the three approaches. Then, the linear behavior of REV filled with polyhedra is compared to the one in case of spheres, highlighting only a limited effect of particles shapes. Damage of those materials being mostly due to matrix/filler debounding, a bilinear cohesive zone model with a viscous regularization and posting of interfaces damage state is implemented. The first order influence of the cohesive zone parameters either on the mechanical response or on the local damage is demonstrated. If convergence troubles prevent any quantitative confrontation with experimental data, their specific trends are well reproduced at either the particles or the global scales. A parameter study highlights also the impact of each cohesive zone parameter on the global behavior. Study of the damaged behavior, depending on particles shape, leads again to a second order impact. Finally, analyses of quasi-propellants, representative of common propellants, are proposed. Following the industrial characterization process, the interfaces properties are identified qualitatively based on the trends of the simulations. This analysis is completed by non-conventional characterization techniques to validate its coherence and to offer exhaustive information on the adhesives properties
Basset, Thierry. "Contribution à la modélisation des écoulements diphasiques et réactifs internes : application aux propulseurs à propergol solide." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX11049.
Full textViant, Thibaut. "Caractérisation et modélisation du comportement dynamique des propergols solides et vulnérabilité des systèmes propulsés." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAI045/document.
Full textThe design and qualification tests of rocket motors require knowledge of the mechanical behavior of the materialsused to manufacture them. In this aim, a large range of strain rates have to be considered, this range integratemany solid propellant service situations. Knowledge of their behaviour should make it possible to predict the risksassociated with unexpected stress on propelled vehicles (difficult transport conditions, falls). The usual methodologyuses both numerical and experimental approaches. This methology is based on several uniaxial tesile tests, DMA andtensile tests under pressure to identify the parameters of the constitutive law (HRVM). However, it was indicatedthat the usual method did not allow satisfactory numerical predictions to be performed when the strain rate isgreater than 50 s−1. This PhD work proposes new experimental characterization techniques to complement existingresults for a range of strain rates of about 100 s−1. Original tests ensuring dynamic and homogeneous loadingshave been developed. A dynamic tensile test has been designed to characterize composites elastomers highly filled(CaCO3 and aluminum). A heterogeneous dynamic shear test of edge-on impact has been also adapted, this testmakes it possible to assess the state of damage in the material during and after the impact. The material parametersquantified with new mechanical tests have been integrated into the existing parameter library. The firsts numericalsimulations using these new parameters have made it possible to extend the practice of numerical model used byAriane Group
Ville, Laurence. "Modélisation multiphasique et calcul d'interface dans les procédés de mise en œuvre des propergols." Phd thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2011. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00677696.
Full textImproving the determination of the fluid/air interface evolution, we propose an adaptation of a Level Set method. Indeed, we avoid the reinitialization stage by including it in a transport equation model. Moreover a smooth truncation of the distance function by using a sinus filter is proposed. We stabilise the discretization scheme by using a SUPG method. The convected Level Set method created is easily implementable and shows good results as expected. In order to underline the advantages, we present numerical results on classical interface capturing benchmarks. Fluid Buckling is a phenomenon consisting in torroidal oscillations. This phenomenon appears when a high viscosity fluid flows vertically against a flat surface. This phenomenon may occur in industrial situations, like the injection molding of propergol in complex-shaped cavities. These coiling or folding oscillations appeared during the mold filling stage lead to air entrapment. To understand and control this flaw, we use our Convected Level Set method to simulate two-dimensional and three dimensional viscous jet buckling
Ville, Laurence. "Modélisation multiphasique et calcul d'interface dans les procédés de mise en œuvre des propergols." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00677696.
Full textBoulé, Philippe. "Contribution de la fractographie quantitative à l'étude de la rupture dynamique de propergols et d'explosifs composites." Metz, 1988. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1988/Boule.Philippe.SMZ881.pdf.
Full textTests of Quick traction (20m/s) are achieved to determine the mechanical properties of cristal energetic materials. A fractographic analysis of the aspects and of the sections of rupture is undertaken in order to characterize the mechanisms of rupture. Experimental means such as the Vicom analyser of numerical images, the macrophotographic bench, the scanning electron microscope, the video camera have been used. Thanks to a statistical analysis of measure results of the constraints (tests of dynamical traction) and of microstructural parameters (fractal analysis), we study the influence of those microstructural parameters on the behaviour to the rupture of propergols and compound explosives
Nevière, Robert. "De l'application des critères énergétiques globaux de la mécanique de la rupture à l'étude des explosifs et propergols solides composites." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10440.
Full textChassagne, Fabien. "Contribution à la modélisation de la combustion de blocs de propergol solide aluminisé après eclatement d'un propulseur." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT2283.
Full textThe present work deals with one typical pyrotechnic safety issue. Its main objective is to predict the thermal effects induced by the combustion of aluminised solid propellant pieces which are dispersed all around a blasted rocket motor. A state of art about aluminised solid propellant combustion is made to improve our knowledge of the combustion mechanisms at micro- and macroscales. Large scale tests are set up in order to get new quantitative data for developing the numerical model. The comparison between two aluminised solid propellant compositions (4% or 20% of Al in mass) show how important the role of burning Al droplets is on heat transfer to the surroundings. This tendancy is also pointed out by numerical tests using the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). This software is modified to compute the dispersion of aluminium droplets by a lagrangian approach. It also includes a mixture fraction model coupled with a vaporisation law to calculate the Al droplet combustion, and the radiation of Al/Al2O3 droplets is predicted by Mie theory. An optimized set of parameters is found and allows for getting numerical results in good agreements with the experimental ones. Finally it should be possible to simulate the whole scenario of an accidental rocket motor failure in a storage building
Boulé, Philippe Pluvinage Guy. "Contribution de la fractographie quantitative à l'étude de la rupture dynamique de propergols et d'explosifs composites." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1988. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/1988/Boule.Philippe.SMZ881.pdf.
Full textChaalane, Amar. "Microsystème de propulsion à propergol solide sur silicium : application au contrôle d'assiete de micro-drone." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/724/.
Full textThis work concerns the conception, the realization and the characterization of solid propellant microthruster array integrated on silicon. These MEMS devices are devoted the stabilization of small drone and also be used as propulsion module for Micro/Nano-Satellites. This study was made within a national project financed by the French Military Agency (Direction Générale pour l'Armement 'DGA') in partnership between the LAAS-CNRS and the PROTAC of THALES group. The concept is based on the high rate combustion of solid propellant or explosive stored in a micromachined chamber. The ignition process is insured by heating effect of a polysilicon resistor micromachined on thin membrane. The generated gases are accelerated throw the micro-nozzle and supply the thrust force. In a first step, we estimated the propulsion forces needed for stabilize the small drone in flight. He solid propellant micropropulsion mode is chosen because it is not complicated technology, need low power supply and generate a large rang of trust. For a specified energetic material, the generated force is adjustable from few 100µN to N simply by modifying the nozzle throat dimension. In this manuscript, we present first of all, the DGA specifications used for conception, the technology of manufacturing and assembly developed at LAAS. Finally, the thrust characterization results are given
Boulé, Philippe. "Contribution de la fractographie quantitative à l'étude de la rupture dynamique de propergols et d'explosifs composites." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612080j.
Full textBeaucamp, Sylvain. "Méthode de calcul des densités et des enthalpies de cristaux ioniques moléculaires." Tours, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUR4052.
Full textPerformances of energetic materials depend on their density, their solid-state of formation and their stoechiometry. The aim of this works is the development of model to estimate the density and the solid-state of formation of energetic salts, X-N+ NO[-3], from their developed formulate. Model using additive volumes for charges groupes is developed to predict crystal densities of molecular salts. On the one hand, the group contribution method of Ammon and Mitchell is extended molecular salts. On the other hand, a less empirical contribution method is presented. Solid state-heat of formation of a molecular salts depend on the anthalpie of the isolated ions and the cohesive energy of the crystal salts. The estimate the cohesive energy two approach are developed : a semi-empirical model using descriptors computed on isolated ions and the crystal packing of virtual crystal salts of ions. Moreover, implementation of the symetry-constrained in the self consistent charges density functional tight binbing model is developped. This routine may riffine virtual salts structure obtained by packing model. The last part shows applications of previous developed models to the prediction of the solid state of formation of nitrate salts
Chaminade, Sylvain. "Déplacement et organisation de micro-bulles dans un fluide fortement chargé simulant un propergol à l'étât pâteux : relation avec les anomalies de combustion constatées." Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13298.
Full textDecker, Thomas. "Agglomération de l’aluminium dans les propergols solides : étude des phénomènes physiques associés par ombroscopie et simulation numérique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse, ISAE, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ESAE0016.
Full textSolid rocket motors (SRMs) are widely used in propulsion. Most contain aluminum particles, subject to various physical mechanisms leading to agglomerate formations, i.e. droplets containing up to several hundreds of single particles. The aluminum droplets interact with the gas flow from the solid propellant combustion. These interactions can reduce performance or induce instabilities that are detrimental to engine operation. Since the interactions depend directly on the droplet size, predicting aluminum agglomeration accurately is crucial.The physical phenomena associated with agglomeration are poorly understood. Models from the literature are incomplete due to a lack of experimental characterization for both the physical mechanisms causing agglomeration and the limiting phenomena.The present PhD work aims to observe the physical phenomena associated with particle agglomeration using precise experimental diagnostics and analyzing them with powerful image analysis tools. The idea is to clarify the influence of various physical parameters on the physical mechanisms and phenomena involved. The final goal is to develop an accurate agglomeration model.Propellants with inert particles are considered first, as they are simpler to study and enable precise analysis of specific physical phenomena such as aggregate formation. For this purpose, high-speed shadowgraphy measurements are carried out. Inert particle aggregation is visualized during the solid propellant combustion. It is analyzed by powerful new image analysis algorithms. The size of the oxidizing grains in the solid propellant has a first-order influence on the aggregate formation mechanism on the propellant surface. Analysis of the resulting aggregates is carried out in the gas flow, showing the strong influence of pressure on the intensity of inert particle agglomeration, with an agglomeration peak at moderate pressures of 4 to 6 bar.Similarly, the aggregation of aluminum particles and their coalescence into agglomerates is observed by high-speed visualization up to 77 kHz. The importance of complex physical mechanisms is demonstrated, such as the coalescence of multiple aggregates/agglomerates (called second mergence), the oxidation of agglomerates still attached to the burning surface, or the preponderance of various physical phenomena that limit agglomeration. The aluminum droplet size resulting from agglomeration is measured using accurate image analysis tools based on neural networks. Two fundamental parameters have an impact on agglomeration: oxidizing grains granulometry and operating pressure.An agglomeration model is developed. An initial model is produced for inert particles, by modeling the adhesion and drag forces analyzed experimentally. Numerical simulations showed encouraging results but with limited consistency of the experimentally observed agglomeration, demonstrating the physical phenomena' complexity. A second model is developed for aluminum particles, including a criterion for ignition or second mergence of aggregates (criteria developed from experimental observations). The experimental quantities are correctly reproduced by numerical simulation for aluminized propellants with different compositions at several pressures, demonstrating the model's ability to predict agglomeration accurately
Nicoud, Franck. "Prévision des transferts thermiques sur les protections thermiques d'un propulseur à propergol solide." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT061H.
Full textMazon, Didier. "Etude de la stabilité linéaire du mode acoustique longitudinal d'un propulseur à propergol solide." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX11076.
Full textDupays, Joël. "Contribution à l'étude du rôle de la phase condensée dans la stabilité d'un propulseur à propergol solide pour lanceur spatial." Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT063H.
Full textGiroud, Frédérique. "Contribution à la modélisation de la propagation des feux : approche multiphasique des feux de forêt. Développement d'un feu de propergol en milieu semi-confiné." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX11023.
Full textEdarh-Bossou, Toyo Koffi. "Etude de la propagation d'un front de flamme dans un milieu strié." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10195.
Full textSimoes, Marine Simonin Olivier. "Modélisation eulérienne de la phase dispersée dans les moteurs à propergol solide, avec prise en compte de la pression particulaire." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2006. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000320.
Full textChedevergne, François. "Instabilités intrinsèques des moteurs à propergol solide." Toulouse, ENSAE, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ESAE0009.
Full textFeraille, Thierry. "Instabilités de l'écoulement interne des moteurs à propergol solide." École nationale supérieure de l'aéronautique et de l'espace (Toulouse ; 1972-2007), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ESAE0008.
Full textDuval, Rodolphe. "Transfert radiatif dans des chambres de combustion de propulseurs à propergol solide aluminisé." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ECAP0893.
Full textRadiative transfer in combustion chamber of aluminised soli propellant rocket engines is investigated. A first step consisted on the determination of the radiative properties of gases such as H2O, CO2, CO and HC1. They are computed from a random statistical narrow-band model. For radiative properties of alumine produced during propellant burning, Mie theory is used with optical and granulometric characteristics. The second step concerns the modelling of interaction between radiation and two-phase flow. A radiative transfer model, locally one dimensional included temperature fluctuations and thermal non equilibrium between each component of the medium is developed. A lagrangian stochastic model taken into account turbulence effects and radiative source term in the heat-balance equation is used to determinate the alumine particles flow fields. A near-wall turbulence model is used to solve flow equations in a couped manner with the energy equation. Two types of configurations are studied for interaction between radiation and two-phase flow. In the rear area, radiation coming from external flow is blocked by cold zone of the boundary layer. It is shown that small particles paly a significant part in this process. In nozzle throat-divergent area, the interaction between dispersed and continue phases is found to be the most significant one. The effects of the thermal turbulence are all the more significant that thermal turbulence intensity is high
Airiau, Magdeleine. "Analyse d'images expérimentales par apprentissage profond pour la caractérisation de la combustion de l'aluminium en propulsion solide." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASG062.
Full textAluminum is added to the composition of solid propellants to increase propulsion performance by about 10% but it can also cause adverse phenomena such as thermo-acoustic instabilities leading to pressure oscillations. Characterizing aluminum combustion above the propellant surface is essential to study rocket motor stability. Many research efforts have been made to predict these instabilities but numerical models lack precise input data, such as the size of aluminum droplets and their initial velocity. These data are particularly challenging to obtain experimentally due to combustion conditions (high pressure, high temperature). Additionally, simulations are highly sensitive to input data, underscoring the need to better understand the uncertainties in droplet sizes and velocities. For years, experiments at ONERA using shadowgraphy have enabled visualizing burning propellant samples and observing aluminum droplets at high repetition rates. The images are rich in information due to the numerous moving objects in the gas flow. Given the complexity of these images, several analysis methods have been proposed in recent years. In Mr. Nugue's thesis, a deep learning-based approach was used for the first time. The present study focuses on developing tools, to analyze experimental shadowgraphy images particularly through deep learning, and thus obtain large amounts of data, such as aluminum-droplet diameters and velocities. A first section compares two state-of-the-art methods for automatic object detection in an image: semantic segmentation with the U-Net network and instance segmentation with the Mask R-CNN network. The superiority of Mask R-CNN is demonstrated, with more effective detection and a more accurate diamter estimation. The section also highlights that current neural networks do not adequately account for droplet-size distributions, a crucial point for this thesis. To achieve an effective compromise between quality detection and accurate diameter-distribution representation, a second section introduces a method for stabilizing the size distribution of detected aluminum droplets. The network, using a modified loss function, better balances the detection of large and small droplets to provide a more accurate representation of droplet diameter. A method for tracking droplets, based on multi-object tracking and a Kalman filter, is developed. The droplet trajectories are then rigorously sorted, allowing for the extraction of numerous reliable trajectories (from 500 to 1500 for each experimental series). Finally, the last section analyzes the droplet velocity and diameter data obtained through the detection and tracking chain for pressures ranging from 6.8 to 26.6 bar, encompassing over 6000 reliable trajectories. The results show a weak dependence of the initial droplet velocity on pressure whereas diameters varies more strongly with pressure. A 1D numerical simulation of droplet combustion using these detailed data allows for a more accurate estimation of the aluminum heat release location compared to a simulation using a single characteristic diameter. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of deep learning for analyzing experimental images and its ppotential for solid-propulsion applications
Plourde, Frédéric. "Structures turbulentes d'un écoulement segmenté à injection pariétale." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2329.
Full textDupuy, Magali. "Etude par simulations numériques instationnaires de l'écoulement dans les moteurs à propergol solide." Phd thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00744017.
Full textToulemonde, Paul-Aymé. "Etude de la relation microstructure/propriétés mécaniques jusqu’à rupture des propergols composites : Caractérisation expérimentale et modélisation micromécanique par éléments finis." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENAM0038/document.
Full textThis work aims at understanding the relationship between solid propellants particles volume fraction, particles size distribution, binder mechanical properties and binder/particles bonding with the mechanical behavior up to failure of these materials. Finite elements analyses on 2D microstructures are performed in order to qualitatively characterize the microstructure evolution throughout uniaxial tensile loading at small strain rate. These simulations account for the binder/particles debonding with a cohesive zone model and implement an original failure criterion. Simulation and experimental results are consistent. Besides, a quantitative comparison between simulations on 3D microstructures and experimental data is drawn in order to validate the above qualitative results. It is performed on a model composite and compares both the mechanical behavior and the volume variations. At last, the propellant failure during a peeling test of the liner/propellant structure is studied experimentally
Courthéoux, Laurence. "Préparation, mise en forme et évaluation des catalyseurs destines à la petite propulsion spatiale : décomposition du nitrate d'hydroxylammonium." Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT2279.
Full textThe control of the attitude of the satellites is due to small thrusters using the catalytic decomposition of a monopropellant. The high toxicity of hydrazine, used as monopropellant, induces high costs and then its replacement by a less toxic product is of current interest. The most studied monopropellant for this purpose corresponds to aqueous solutions of hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN, NH3OH+NO3-) and fuel. Nevertheless, the use of such mixtures involves drastic conditions due to the high temperature reached during the decomposition (up to 1400 ʿC). Therefore, the catalytic activity at low temperature associated with a high thermal stability of the catalyst is a critical parameter for the future development of a new engine. Platinum supported on Si-doped alumina displays a good activity for this reaction. The Si-doped, powder or shape formed, alumina (aerogel or xerogel) are obtained by sol-gel procedure and are stable at high temperature (1200 ʿC, 5 h); the Pt/Al2O3Si catalysts are prepared by impregnation or by sol-gel method. The characterization before and after reaction by XRD, TEM, SEM and BET measurements display the homogeneity of materials prepared by impregnation on xerogel support. Moreover, the decomposition of the monopropellant begins at ambient temperature for these materials, which remain active in water and during 30 injections. Furthermore, the products formed during the reaction are followed with a mass spectrometer. A model is also proposed to describe the evolution of the active phase during the reaction
Augoula, Steve. "Conception et analyse de schémas d'ordre élevé pour l'approximation des équations de Hamilton-Jacobi du premier ordre." Bordeaux 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR10599.
Full textThe propagation of a flame front in streaked medium can be seen as a particular case of a first order Hamilton Jacobi mixed problem. It acts like a system coupling a version of the well-known eikonal equation, Dirichlet boundary conditions and a state constraint. The aim of this thesis is to develop and analyse new numerical high order schemes for the approximation of general first order Hamilton Jacobi equations. And finally to simulate, thanks to these latter methods, the evolution of solid propellant combustion. The first part characterizes and analyses the Hamilton Jacobi systems stemming from the modelisation of the phenomenon. In particular, a proof of the existence and uniqueness is given in the viscosity sense. The second part is devoted to the approximation of standard Cauchy problems related to general first order Hamilton Jacobi equations. The numerical solutions are approached by new high order methods which are stabilized by innovator filters. The new schemes are valided by several numerical experiments giving k-th order convergence rate when the piecewise polynomials of degree k function are used, measured in L¹-norm
Ribereau, Dominique. "Génération d'un logiciel de simulation de la combustion d'un bloc de propergol solide." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR10594.
Full textNugue, Matthieu. "Outils pour l'étude conjointe par simulation et traitement d'images expérimentales de la combustion de particules d'aluminium utilisées dans les propergols solides." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS229/document.
Full textThe addition of aluminum particles in the solid propellant loading improves propulsive performance, but can also lead to various adverse phenomena, including pressure oscillations. Research has been carried out for many years to improve the understanding of these phenomena, particularly through the use of numerical simulation. However, the input data of the numerical simulation, especially the size and the initial velocity of the aluminum particles in the flow, are often difficult to obtain for real rocket motors. ONERA has been developing a shadowgraphy set-up for several years to visualize aluminum particles near the surface of propellant samples in combustion. The present study deals with the development of tools to analyze the experimental images of the shadowgraphy set-up and to improve the interaction with the two-phase digital simulation. A first part concerns propellant samples containing inert particles, which interest is to make it possible to validate the measurement methods on relatively simple images and with reference data. The implemented tools concern the detection and the tracking of particles in image sequences, as well as the location of the surface of the propellant. Good correspondence of size distributions was obtained with reference distributions. The velocity of particles leaving the surface has been confronted with a simplified model of particle transport in a constant flow. The use of this model has made it possible to emphasize the importance of the population of detected tracks in order to make good use of an average velocity profile, particularly in terms of average diameter. A two-phase flow simulation was then carried out for the shadowgraphy experiment. Different parameters were studied (type and size of mesh, thermodynamic parameters ...) in order to obtain a simulated stationary field for propellant flow. The movement of the simulated inert particles could be compared to the experimental profiles for different injection strategies, either using a mean diameter or using a lognormal distribution. The other part of the study is devoted to the analysis of experimental images of the combustion of aluminum particles. The complexity of the images under these conditions has led to the use of a deep learning semantic segmentation approach, aiming to classify all the pixels of the image into different classes, in particular aluminum droplet and flame. The learning was conducted with a restricted base of annotated images using the U-Net neural network, with various adaptations on the processing of the experimental images were studied. The results are compared to a reference technique based on MSER object detection. They show a clear gain in the use of neural techniques for the segregation of aluminum drops of the flame. This first demonstration of the use of convolutional neuronal network on propellant shadowgraphy images is very promising. Finally, we draw perspectives on experimental image analysis and numerical simulation to improve the joint use of these two tools in the study of solid propellants