Relevant bibliographies by topics / Properte development and investment credit

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Academic literature on the topic 'Properte development and investment credit'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Properte development and investment credit"

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Orjonikidze, Nino, and Nino Liparteliani. "Review of Georgian Leasing Market and Perspectives for Development." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 6, no. 2 (June 10, 2017): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v6i2.p123-129.

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At contemporary stage leasing has formed as one of the dynamically growing trend that encourages investment progressions throughout the world business development. In the modern world, leasing acts as a multimillion industry. 80% of companies in developed countries use this financial instrument. 1/3 of investments in fixed assets are accomplished by means of leasing. Leasing companies have quite diverse business and operations. All these depend on lease term, type of relation, form of object, organizational structure of a company, etc. Leasing essentially is a whole complex of three simultaneously executed operations (lease, crediting and material support). At certain point, leasing is similar to credit, which is given to buy an object. Consequently, it may be called a property credit. Nowadays, in Georgia, banking credit is more well-known than leasing, in spite of the fact that for entrepreneurs leasing is more convenience than banking credit.
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Trachuk, A. V., and N. V. Linder. "LIQUIDITY LIMITATION INFLUENCE ON INDUSTRIAL COMPANIES’ INVESTMENTS IN INVESTIGATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT AND EFFECTIVENESS OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY." Strategic decisions and risk management, no. 1 (March 30, 2016): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17747/2078-8886-2016-1-80-89.

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Scientific investigations and development of new technologies (ID) benefit society more than the profit the innovator derives. Thus innovation research key point is spillover effect consideration: as far as the other firms will also get off-the-shelf technology access (probably with temporary lag), innovator-enterprise doesn’t receive all the profit from the performed ID. Consequently, a lot of companies are inclined to limit investments in ID, particularly in case of liquidity shortage.The article presents the results of investigation of liquidity limitation influence on the companies’ decision to invest in ID, the amount of investment and the effectiveness of innovative activity. Hard liquidity limitation happens to be, when the company doesn’t have access on capital markets (for example, in connection with financial downfall or property shortage for credit loan guarantee), soft – where feasible to obtain credit, but loanable funds price is higher than profitability of its activity. The direct indicator of credit restriction is used for analyzing, and the economic model which determines interrelation between companies’ decision to invest in ID, the amount of these investments and the effectiveness of innovative activity. Obtained results demonstrate that restrictive financial indicator has positive significant connection with the companies’ decision to invest in ID, and doesn’t influence the amount of these investments in case of positive decision. Thus far from every industrial company decide to invest in ID in virtue of liquidity limitation, but for those who invest the amount of investments doesn’t depend on liquidity limitation. It is explained with the fact that availability of own funds is more important than credit possibilities in accepting the companies’ decision of ID investment.Cash effect is also proved, the effect when a big company has great available assets that makes ID and innovations financing easier, and inverse U-dependence is proved between the market level of competition and innovations.It was concluded that small companies and companies of low-tech branches need investments which simplify imitation of off-the-shelf technologies from developed markets but not the ID intensity increasing.
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Adamuscin, A. "Investing in European market real property through reits." Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering 18, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10189-010-0001-9.

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Investing in European market real property through reitsFor institutional and private investors, investing in real estate represents an attractive form of the consignment of their money. Real estate provides a regular source of income in the form of the rent from or interest on the credit provided. At the same time, real estate is a good investment instrument, because it provides diversified contributions and security against inflation for investors. In their efforts to diversify risk, investors are expressing growing interest in investing in the whole European Union. The success of Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) in the U.S. also opened the door for investing in this market for small investors, which is the reason for the development of this type of investment company in the European arena. One problem concerning the development of European real estate investment funds is the unsolved issue of the harmonization of the legislation and regulatory safety measures, which would enable the creation of a common market for new investment products in Europe.
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Gordon, Tatyiana. "New York City’s Brownfield Redevelopment Program: Economic Catalyst or Taxpayer Giveaway?" Journal of Environment and Ecology 12, no. 2 (August 25, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jee.v12i2.18663.

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The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) and the New York City Office of Environmental Remediation (OER) manage and coordinate brownfield cleanup programs. These are intended to promote environmental restoration and redevelopment of underutilized or abandoned properties that have been affected by the presence or discharges of oil or hazardous substances. This paper seeks to determine whether these programs have achieved the goals and objectives sought by decision makers and if the cost of those achievements in terms of public money subsidies and forgone tax revenue have been commensurate with the realized benefits.The DEC brownfield program offers financial incentives, such as tax credits, as well as regulatory benefits (limited liability protections) to promote alternatives to greenfield development. OER efforts are New York City centric with incentives divided into three sectors: procedural, legal, and financial with a major goal of reducing remedial (cleanup) timeframes. To evaluate the effectiveness of the New York City Brownfield program changes in property values over time were evaluated. The five New York City counties experiencing the two highest percent increases in property values also claimed the highest brownfield credits. Queens and Brooklyn received most brownfield credits during this period but also experienced the most redevelopment. These and other data illustrate a return on the brownfield investment (ROBI) credit of about one to six; or one dollar in brownfield credit stimulating six dollars in project spending. New York City counties’ ROBI is consistent with all other New York State County ROBI’s: roughly six dollars in redevelopment activity being stimulated by one dollar in brownfield credit. The roughly $6 ROBI presented here is similar to ROI’s for other public services such as disease prevention and incarceration intervention.
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Freinkman, L., and V. Dashkeev. "Russia in 2007: Risks of Slowing Economic Growth against the Background of Institutional Stagnation." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 4 (April 20, 2008): 75–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2008-4-75-93.

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Russia’s institutional development is characterized by negative dynamics of business environment indicators and positive dynamics of investment and credit risk indicators. Reforms for which the state is responsible (legal reform, enforcement, regulation, public goods) are stagnating. In 2000-2007 the progress in developing basic market institutions (property rights, shareholders’ rights, land and real estate markets, state property management, bankruptcy and creditors rights) compared with other emerging markets was insufficient. The analysis suggests that legal and regulative support of economic institutions’ development is inadequate. Legislation chronically lags behind economic reality.
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Liubchych, Anna, Olena Savchuk, and Tetyana Berkutova. "Problems of Legal Competency of Innovative Infrastructure Subject within the Format of Assistance to Entrepreneurship in Forestry Legal Relations: Expediency of European Union Experience Implementation." European Journal of Sustainable Development 8, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2019.v8n2p69.

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At present there is observed a change in world economy and development of evolving market relations in society alongside the transition of economy to innovative mode of development. Innovation infrastructure subjects act as obligatory participants of innovative relationships. According to the Law of Ukraine “On Investment Activity”, art.5, the subjects of innovative activities are physical and (or) juridical persons of Ukraine, physical and (or) juridical persons of foreign states, persons without citizenship, associations of the mentioned persons who conduct innovative activities in Ukraine and (or) involve property and intellectual values, invest their own or borrowed finances for realizing innovative projects in Ukraine[1]. Entrepreneurship is considered a leading component in the processes of stable development of forest resources under conditions of market liberalization of utilizing natural resources and forest in the EU. Attracting investments to this sphere is to be based on recognition of all kinds of forestry operations as business activities with corresponding remuneration of these activities’ results. Besides, improvement of financial mechanism is an integral condition of ecologically balanced use of forestry, because at present it acts as an impeding factor of efficient development of forestry into the EU countries. Investment provision improvement is possible under favorable credit and financial preconditions for financing the processes of restoring forest resources potential. It is possible to improve investment attractiveness of forestry business, especially for foreign investors, on the premise of real implementation of elements of modern ecological management into business practices. Keywords: EU countries, foreign experience, entrepreneurship, forests, forestry legal relations, innovations, innovative activities, innovative infrastructure, subjects.[1] Law of Ukraine “On investment activities”. The Verkhovna Rada Bulletin, 2002, no 36, p. 266.
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Demko, Valentyna Serhiivna. "ECONOMIC INFLUENCE OF MULTIPLICATIVE EFFECT OF INVESTMENT CHARGES OF INDUSTRY OF TOURIST SERVICES." SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN OF POLISSIA, no. 2(21) (2020): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2410-9576-2020-2(21)-145-154.

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Abstract. The combination of economic, social and cultural aspects of the development of tourism services has the inexhaustible potential for progress in achieving the effect of interaction between other sectors of the economy, leading to accelerated capital turnover between countries, playing an important role in creating international tourism infrastructure. Therefore, it is important to study the methodological approaches to assessing the quality of the system of financial supportfor investment activities of tourism entities.The article investigates scientific approaches to the problems of development of the world industry of tourist services, the concepts of the credit mechanism at interaction with principles of financial maintenance of investment activity of the enterprises of small and average business are investigated. The forms of development of the world industry of tourist services and inflowof private investments at use of models of public-private partnership and the state programs are defined. The economic impact of the tourism services industry on the world economy in real prices is calculated.Based on the results of the study, the need for integrated approaches to the system of distribution of borrowed funds in the revenue part of the macro-level budget, their spending on investment needs of the tourism sector of the meso-and macro-level. The direct and cumulative effect of the multiplier of tourist services expenditures in the GDP of Ukraine and the world is determined, taking into account direct, indirect and induced factors influencing the lag of supplies of goods, services and changes in profits. cities) and the implementation of socially significant projects based on the use of state property
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REDDY, V. RATNA. "Costs of resource depletion externalities: a study of groundwater overexploitation in Andhra Pradesh, India." Environment and Development Economics 10, no. 4 (July 18, 2005): 533–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x05002329.

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The main objective of the paper is to estimate the costs of groundwater over exploitation and examine the costs and benefits from groundwater replenishing mechanisms in different ecological contexts. Using the public good and externalities framework, the study shows how groundwater exploitation in Andhra Pradesh, India is resulting in economic losses to individual farmers apart from ecological degradation. It is argued that policies towards strengthening the resource base (replenishment mechanisms) and equitable distribution of the resource (property rights) would be beneficial, economically as well as ecologically.The analysis is in favour of investment in replenishment mechanisms such as irrigation tanks and percolation tanks. The situation of over extraction and the resultant environmental degradation is a consequence of lack of appropriate and adequate policies (policy failure) for managing the subsurface water resources. Hitherto, groundwater policies (subsidized credit, power, etc.) are in the nature of encouraging private initiatives in groundwater development. It is argued that community-based investments in replenishment as well as extraction of groundwater would make better economic as well as ecological sense.
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Manganelli, Benedetto, and Francesco Tajani. "Optimised management for the development of extraordinary public properties." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 32, no. 2 (February 25, 2014): 187–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-05-2013-0034.

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Purpose – This paper aims to propose a management model of public assets within public-private partnerships which can be applied to properties subject to a possible requalification through the redevelopment and/or modification of the intended use. Design/methodology/approach – The logic developed is described by an algorithm which borrows the mathematical tools of Operations Research to identify the solution that maximises the utility functions of the parties related to the requalification and management of a public property. The unknowns of the model are the price and concession period, while the constraints reflect the specific and reciprocal conveniences of the actors involved. Findings – The benefits for the private investor are a reduction of the business risk, related to the lower financial outlay required by the investment, and therefore easier access to credit from banks. For the public administration, an increase in the demand of the property offered, savings in the property management costs, along with the preservation of public property. This aspect of no small importance where there is the fear of breaking up public property which local communities attach a high cultural and historic value. Practical implications – This leads to a logical support to public administrations involved in the requalification of property assets. Originality/value – This paper presents a strategic approach with long-term prospects, which interprets in a different way a pure concession model, which has a greater flexibility and articulation and also enriches the framework of the projects (public-private) considered necessary for the requalification of public property as well as possible urban transformation projects.
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Brits, Reghard. "Arbitrary Deprivation of an Unregistered Credit Provider's Right to Claim Restitution of Performance Rendered: Opperman v Boonzaaier (24887/2010) 2012 ZAWCHC 27 (17 April 2012) and National Credit Regulator v Opperman 2013 2 SA 1 (CC)." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 16, no. 4 (May 17, 2017): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2013/v16i4a2422.

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The Constitutional Court in National Credit Regulator v Opperman confirmed the Cape High Court's decision in Opperman v Boonzaaier to declare section 89(5)(c) of the National Credit Act unconstitutional. Therefore, the forfeiture to the state of an unregistered creditor provider's right to claim restitution of monies advanced in terms of an unlawful (and void) credit agreement, was held to amount to an arbitrary deprivation of property in contravention of section 25(1) of the Constitution – the property clause. The provision in effect prohibited courts from deviating from the common law's strict par delictum rule in as far as the effects of unlawful contracts are concerned, the result being that creditors could not retrieve any of the amounts extended to the debtor, despite there being no turpitude or bad faith present. The purpose of this provision was to discourage the concluding of unlawful credit agreements – for instance, agreements concluded by unregistered credit providers – so as to protect consumers against unscrupulous behaviour. Although the broad purposes of the Act are undeniably valid, the Court held that there was no "sufficient reason" for the effects that the Act had in this case, since the credit provider in question was not guilty of the behaviour that the Act tried to combat. In other words, the effects of the Act were over-broad and not proportionate to its stated purposes. This case note comprehensively analyses these decisions in view of interpreting the "confused and confusing" wording of section 89(5)(c), with a specific focus on the application of the section 25(1) non-arbitrariness test. Reference is also made to the earlier judgments in the matter of Cherangani Trade and Investment 107 (Edms) Bpk v Mason. The Opperman decisions illustrate well how the non-arbitrariness test should be conducted in consitutional property cases generally but particularly also in the credit context. Of significance is the fact that the Court for the first time recognised that personal rights sounding in money (an enrichment claim in this instance) should qualify as "property" for constitutional property law purposes. In certain circumstances, therefore, credit regulation may involve deprivation of property such as must satisfy the requirements of the property clause. It is contended that recognising the role of section 25 in the credit context is a positive development that can be explored further. The constitutional provision also calls for lawmakers to draft legislation in such a way that regulatory mechanisms are rational and sufficiently proportionate to its stated goals.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Properte development and investment credit"

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Panajotovová, Monika. "Stanovení optimálních parametrů úvěrů na realitním trhu a jejich praktické využití v budoucnu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232554.

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This master´s thesis examines the development of real estate financing in relation to the credit crunch. Accordnig to main causes of fluctuations in history, comparing interest rates, mortgage loans, property development and investment in time, it models the evolution of optimal interest rates of real estate market. The loans’ optimal parameters with combination of types of bank financing in the real estate market with regard to its sustainable development as a separate and independent global market with strong inclusion among the other market sectors, are formed there. In this dissertation the analysis of financing methods will be used, comparative method of commercial banks‘ interest rate and analysis of commercial interest rates‘ structure. The result of the work we expect to be optimistic, realistic and pessimistic scenarios of futher development of real estate finance market and the model of the optimal interest rates‘ structure.
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Polnický, Adam. "Návrhy na zlepšení hospodaření s dlouhodobým hmotným majetkem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222098.

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This dissertation solves the problems with management of capital goods in the company STROJÍRNA OSLAVANY, spol. s r.o.. The work is elaborated from the analysis of present situation in the plant, whereas the heed is oriented to the most important areas, especially the organisation and service activity and maintenance of assets. The result of the performed analysis is the identification of weak points. Proposals are submitted in the second part of the work, in order to solve the problems found by presented analysis. The economical evaluation of the proposals and determination for assumptions for the application of extended result to company use is performed at the end of the work.
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Chamlee, Jason. "Financing Community Development: Attracting Investment Capital through the New Markets Tax Credit program." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1305895428.

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Cha, Young Hwan. "R & D investment of Korean corporations before and after the financial crisis /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3164494.

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Tesfamariam, Berhane Ghebreslasie. "Assessing the sustainability of Saving and Micro-Credit Programme (SMCP), Eritrea." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1963.

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Magnabosco, Ana Lelia. "Fatores determinantes do investimento e o papel das mudanças institucionais na acumulação de capital e no crescimento do Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12140/tde-18082015-110654/.

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Esta tese analisa os fatores determinantes do investimento e seus efeitos sobre o crescimento econômico das nações, em geral, e do Brasil, em particular. O foco da discussão na acumulação de capital decorre do fato de que 2/3 do crescimento econômico brasileiro foi devido a esse processo. Para avaliar a questão, a tese combina três abordagens complementares: a visão teórica, a avaliação histórica e a análise econométrica. O trabalho está dividido em duas partes: a primeira trata dos determinantes teóricos do investimento e faz a análise econométrica com dados internacionais. A segunda traz a análise do crédito e do investimento no Brasil, reunindo as abordagens histórica e econométrica. A visão teórica fundamenta a análise e define as variáveis-chave que afetam o investimento: juros, crédito de longo prazo, retorno do capital e preço dos ativos. Parte-se da visão de que as mudanças institucionais afetam o investimento porque buscam preservar o retorno dos investidores e dos bancos. A análise econométrica avalia o comportamento dos investimentos em três níveis: macroeconômico internacional, macroeconômico brasileiro e setorial brasileiro. A análise internacional considera um painel com dados de 39 economias entre 1995 e 2011. São utilizadas as técnicas de cointegração em painel conforme as metodologias de Kao (1999) e Pedroni (1999, 2004). A avaliação econométrica do agregado da economia brasileira é feita com dados anuais entre 1953 e 2013 e utiliza as técnicas de cointegração de Johansen (1995) e de Gregory e Hansen (1996), para avaliar a possibilidade de quebras estruturais. A análise desagregada é feita com base em dados de 31 setores de atividade econômica entre 1995 e 2009 e nas técnicas de cointegração em painel. Os resultados das avaliações econométricas de painel (internacional e setorial) mostram relações estáveis e positivas entre investimento, crédito e retorno do capital, e relações negativas entre investimento, taxa de juros de longo prazo e taxa real de câmbio, corroborando os princípios teóricos. Os resultados para o agregado da economia brasileira (séries de tempo) confirmam haver relações estáveis e positivas entre investimento, crédito e retorno do capital, mesmo na presença de quebra estrutural. A abordagem histórica analisa a constituição dos mecanismos de financiamento ao investimento no Brasil e suas principais alterações ao longo da história. São avaliados os papéis do crédito hipotecário, do mercado acionário, da implantação do Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico (BNDE) e do Banco Nacional da Habitação (BNH) e das reformas institucionais dos anos 1960. Também são descritas as principais mudanças institucionais ocorridas nas décadas de 1990, 2000 e 2010. A interpretação histórica do contexto institucional brasileiro e os resultados das análises econométricas sugerem que as mudanças institucionais ocorridas ao longo da história econômica do país foram fundamentais para a retomada do crédito de longo prazo na economia. Elas também contribuíram para amenizar a queda do retorno do capital.
This doctoral dissertation analyzes the determining investment factors and their effects on economic growth of the nations in general and on Brazil in particular. This discussion focuses especially on capital accumulation because this process has accounted for two thirds of Brazilian economic growth. To investigate this question, this study combines three complementary approaches: a theoretical vision, a historical assessment, and an econometric analysis. The dissertation is divided into two parts. The first discusses the theoretical determining factors of investment and presents an econometric analysis using international data. The second analyzes credit and investment in Brazil, combining historical and econometric approaches. The theoretical overview provides a basis for the analysis and defines the key variables that influence investment: interest rates, longterm credit, return of capital, and the price of assets. This investigation is based on the premise that institutional changes affect investment because they attempt to preserve the return of both investors and banks. The econometric analysis evaluates the behavior of investment on three levels: international macroeconomic, Brazilian macroeconomic, and Brazilian industries. The international analysis considers a panel of 39 economies containing data from 1995 to 2011. This study employed panel cointegration techniques based on the methods described by Kao (1999) and Pedroni (1999, 2004). The econometric evaluation of the aggregate of the Brazilian economy uses annual data from 1953 to 2013 and cointegration techniques described by Johansen (1995) and by Gregory and Hansen (1996), to assess the possibility of structural changes. The disaggregated analysis uses data from 31 economic industries, from 1995 to 2009, and panel cointegration techniques. The results of the panel econometric evaluations (international and sector) show stable and positive relations between investment, credit and return of capital, and negative relations between investment, long-term interest rate, and real exchange rate, confirming the theoretical principles. The results for the aggregate of the Brazilian economy (time series) confirm positive and stable relations between investment, credit, and return of capital, even when there is a structural change. The historical overview investigates the creation of investment financing mechanisms in Brazil and how they have changed over time. This dissertation analyzes mortgage securities, equity market, the establishment of the National Economic Development Bank (BNDE) and the National Housing Bank (BNH), and the institutional reforms of the 1960s. It also describes the main institutional changes of the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s. The historical interpretation of the Brazilian institutional setting and the findings of the econometric analyses suggest that the institutional changes that have taken place over Brazil\'s economic history were essential in making long-term credit again available in the economy. They have also helped to minimize the decreasing trends in the returns of capital.
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Ndrianasy, Laurens. "Le réseau bancaire à Madagascar et son rôle économique (1885-1946)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB211.

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À partir du protectorat français en 1885 jusqu'à la naissance d'une banque d'émission en 1925, Madagascar eut un système bancaire et monétaire sommaire totalement contrôlé par des banques d'affaires. Pendant cette période, un réseau bancaire formé par la première banque de Madagascar "Le Comptoir National d'Escompte de Paris" s'était mis en place. Arrivée dans le pays suite à l'appel du gouvernement français, la banque parisienne apporta son soutien au projet colonial. Profitant de l'extension de l'empire colonial français à Madagascar, le CNEP avait crée un réseau d'agences et de sous-agences essaimés dans la colonie. Forte de l'expérience de son personnel et de sa connaissance des affaires locales, la banque était dans une position de monopole en ce qui concerne les activités financières de la Grande île faute de concurrent. Le CNEP devenait ainsi un élément incontournable dans la réalisation du projet de développement de la colonie. La période de la Première Guerre mondiale démontra cependant la fragilité du système bancaire et monétaire de la Colonie à cause de la coupure des communications avec la métropole. Le réseau malgache du CNEP révélait ses limites face au développement croissant de l'économie locale. Les contraintes monétaires engendrées par la guerre (la thésaurisation des pièces métalliques par les indigènes et l'arrêt des envois de billets décidé par la Banque de France) et l'acuité du problème de crédit agricole dans la colonie relancèrent le projet fort ancien d'une banque d'émission. La création de la banque de Madagascar en 1925 apporta une nouvelle politique financière à la colonie. La Banque s'occupait principalement de la circulation monétaire et du réescompte des papiers de commerce. Le bilan positif des émissions de la Banque avait permis à la colonie d'avoir une stabilité monétaire. En matière de crédit, le taux de l'argent avait beaucoup baissé (6% en moyenne alors qu'il était de l'ordre de 10 à 12%). La Banque rapportait financièrement à la colonie (redevances sur la circulation fiduciaire, impôts sur les sociétés, participations aux bénéfices, contributions financières à la caisse de crédit agricole, etc). Les statistiques commerciales et douanières de la colonie attestent le rôle économique de la Banque d'émission depuis sa création jusqu'en 1946 où une nouvelle politique coloniale fut mise en place
From the French protectorate in 1885 until the birth of a bank of issue in 1925, Madagascar was a summary banking and monetary system totally controlled by investment banks. During this period, a banking network formed by the first bank Madagascar "The National Counter Discount Bank of Paris" had set up. Arrived in the country following the call of the French government, the Paris bank gave his support to the colonial project. Taking advantage of the extension of the French colonial empire in Madagascar, CNEP had created a network of agencies and sub-agencies swarmed in the colony. With the experience of its staff and its knowledge of local affairs, the bank was in a monopoly position with regard to the financial activities of the Big Island for lack of competitor. The CNEP thus became a key element in the realization of the colony development project. The period of the First World War, however, demonstrated the fragility of the banking and monetary system of the colony because of the cut communications with the metropolis. The Malagasy network CNEP revealed its limitations with the growing development of the local economy. The monetary constraints caused by war (hoarding metal parts by indigenous and stop ticket send decided by the Bank of France) and the acuity of the agricultural credit problem in the colony relaunched the very old draft a bank of issue. The creation of the Bank of Madagascar in 1925 brought a new financial policy in the colony. The Bank was mainly involved in the circulation of money and rediscounting commercial paper. The positive results of the Bank's emissions had allowed the colony to have a monetary stability. In terms of credit, the cash rate had fallen considerably (6% on average, while in the range of 10 to 12%). The Bank financially brought to the colony (royalties in circulation, corporate taxes, profit sharing, financial contributions to agricultural credit fund, etc.). Trade and customs statistics of the colony demonstrate the economic role of the bank of issue from its inception until 1946 when a new colonial policy was implemented
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Cleaveland, Mary Catherine. "The relationship between r&d investment and dividend payment tax incentives and their role in the dividend tax puzzle." unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12122006-125647/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2006.
Ernest R. Larkins, committee chair; Fred A. Jacobs, Detmar W. Straub , Sally Wallace, committee members. Electronic text (100 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Aug. 9, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 78-85).
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Glommen, Andersson Elin. "Remittances and the level of small and madium sized enterprise start-ups." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-13773.

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This thesis within economics is examining the impact that remittances could have on the level of new small and medium sized enterprise start-ups. Remittances could be seen as a capital flow and would therefore increase the level of new SME start-ups but is this really the case? A model is developed with a panel data set over 45 countries all across the globe over a two year period. Six businesses environment variables are included in the regressions to see how the businesses environment affects the level of new SME start-ups. This model is also used when testing if the relationship between remittances and the level of new SMEs are stronger in the middle income countries than in the lower income countries. The descriptive statistics shows that both remittances and the number of new SME`s have increased from 2003 to 2005. The level of new SME`s have increased with a larger percentage share in the middle income countries relative to low income countries. The results from this thesis are somewhat difficult to interpret. Although there seems to be the case that remittances are not affecting the level of new SME start-ups when including all the countries in the same regression. As the countries are divided into two groups one can see a stronger relationship between remittances and the level of new SME started in the low income countries than in the middle income countries. One can also see that credit right and the cost of starting a new business is strongly related to the level of new SME.
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Cuong, Nguyen Duy, and 阮維強. "Credit risk management in Investment ofVietNam Development Bank,HaiDuong branch." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29212534372950065722.

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碩士
樹德科技大學
經營管理研究所
103
Lending activities of VDB projects are preferential i.e.: long-term lending period, high-rate loans (up to 70% of total investment in fixed assets), interest rates lower than market rates, the investment used properties formed from loan to loan security investment... Under the impact of the financial and economic crisis, domestic economic downturn has put credit investment enterprises in difficulties and failed to settle payment in accordance with the signed credit agreement, increasing the rate of overdue loans. Although work has always focused on risk management, in fact the risk management capacity of branches is limited, this is the biggest weakness. Facing that situation, VDB Hai Duong is required to improve the management of credit risk and limit it to the lowest possible level of potential risk causes. The situation mentioned is the motivation for the author to select this topic.
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Books on the topic "Properte development and investment credit"

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McCausland, Gary. How to make money from property: How to beat the credit crunch. London: Collins & Brown, 2009.

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Low-income housing tax credit: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Housing and Transportation of the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Sixth Congress, first session on the oversight of the nation's largest federal housing program which funds the development and rehabilitation of low-income rental housing and the role that tax credit plays in increasing opportunities for low-income families, May 12, 1999. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2000.

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Development financial institutions: A study of ICICI. New Delhi: Rajat Publications, 2002.

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International Conference on Savings and Credit for Development (1990 Klarskovgård, Denmark). Savings and credit for development: Report of the International Conference on Savings and Credit for Development, Klarskovgård, Denmark, 28-31 May 1990. New York: United Nations, 1992.

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Rauner, Julie M. Caribbean Basin financing opportunities: A guide to financing trade and investment in Central America and the Caribbean Basin. [Washington, D.C.]: The Administration, 1990.

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Shah, Anwar. Do tax policies stimulate investment in physical and research and development capital? Washington, DC (1818 H St., NW, Washington 20433): World Bank, Country Economics Dept., 1991.

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Michael, Kieschnick, ed. Credit where it's due: Development banking for communities. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1992.

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K, Rosengard Jay, ed. Progress with profits: The development of rural banking in Indonesia. San Francisco, Calif: ICS Press, 1991.

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Améthier, Jean-Baptiste. Développement économique et rôle des caisses rurales d'épargne et de prêts en milieu paysan. Abidjan: Editions CEDA, 1989.

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Williams, Marva E. Building the savings and assets of lower-income consumers: Examples from community development credit unions. Chicago, IL: Woodstock Institute, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Properte development and investment credit"

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Edwards, George T. "Some Criticisms of Investment Credit Economics." In The Role of Banks in Economic Development, 118–73. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08627-6_5.

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Edwards, George T. "Extended Outline of the New Economics of Investment Credit." In The Role of Banks in Economic Development, 62–90. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08627-6_3.

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McKillop, Donal G., and Robert W. Hutchinson. "Regional Financial Markets and Credit Allocation: The Case of Small and Medium-Sized Firms in Northern Ireland." In Inward Investment, Business Finance and Regional Development, 213–27. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14181-4_14.

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Grishunin, Sergei, and Svetlana Suloeva. "Development of the Credit Risk Assessment Mechanism of Investment Projects in Telecommunications." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 300–314. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67380-6_28.

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Das, Ramesh Chandra, and Soumyananda Dinda. "Causality between Credit Deposit Ratio and Credit Share in Major Indian States during 1972 -2008." In Global Strategies in Banking and Finance, 121–34. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4635-3.ch008.

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The Indian economy has undergone different structural shifting in its history of development since 1947. One major break was the liberalization of the economy in the period 1991-92 and the reforms in the banking and financial sectors deserved a special attention in the study. The banking sector reform was done under the intention to make more investible banking funds for real investment to raise credit-deposit ratio along with proper allocation of banking funds to all the states so that share of credit of each state is balanced. Literature shows the falling tendency of credit-deposit ratio in the immediate decade after the reform and the rising tendency of divergence in credit possession among the states. At the same time, the states lacking in credit-deposit ratio are either with higher, lower, or moderate shares of credits. This study, hence, tried to examine the direction of causalities between credit-deposit ratio and credit share for the major 16 states of India. Using the time series econometrics technique, this study found 4 states where the causality works for the entire period and less than half of the state where causality works in either pre-reform or post-reform periods.
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Luiten, Jan. "The Effects on Capital Market Development." In Capital Women, 93–124. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190847883.003.0004.

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In this chapter, the authors analyze the functioning of private capital markets in Holland in the late medieval period. They argue that in the absence of banks and state agencies involved in the supply of credit, entrepreneurs' access to credit was determined by two interrelated factors. The first was protection of property rights and the extent to which properties could be used as collateral. The second was interest rates for borrowing money at the time, as well as the obligations of such borrowing compared with the interest rates on risk-free investments. The chapter’s case study is the small town of Edam and its surrounding countryside, De Zeevang, during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The authors show that many households (whether headed by men or women) owned financial assets and/or debts, and the degree of financial sophistication was relatively high.
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"Investment and credit in Irish economic development." In An Economic History of Ireland Since Independence, 159–78. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203094952-15.

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"Risk managers or risk promoters? The impacts of export credit and investment insurance agencies on human development and human rights." In Foreign Direct Investment and Human Development, 199–242. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203076880-13.

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Ronchi, Alfredo M. "Intellectual Property Rights." In Digital Rights Management for E-Commerce Systems, 1–31. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-118-6.ch001.

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“Creativity is one of the highest forms of human energy. It is a defining human trait that enables us to design and use tools, while giving us the ability to solve problems. In the modern world, creativity and its outcome–innovation–are credited as the greatest predictors for economic advancement, equal to, or surpassing, investments. Creativity can be a vehicle for empowerment and fulfilment or, if denied or abused, it can lead to frustration, apathy, alienation, and even violence. The role of creativity has been magnified by the explosive developments in Information and Communication Technologies. ICTs are the most powerful means to produce, preserve, and communicate the fruits of human creativity, including information, know-how, knowledge, and works of art.” (ICT and Creativity: Towards a global cooperation for quality contents in the Information Society – The Vienna Conclusions 2005)
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Haliassos, Michael, Gikas Hardouvelis, Margarita Tsoutsoura, and Dimitri Vayanos. "Financial Development and the Credit Cycle in Greece1." In Beyond Austerity. The MIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262035835.003.0007.

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This chapter reviews the developments in Greece's financial system since the beginning of the crisis. The chapter places them in a broader context by (i) evaluating the long-term performance of Greece's financial system in comparison to other countries, and (ii) reviewing the credit boom-and-bust cycle that Greece has experienced since Euro entry. Risks in the Greek economy remain overly concentrated to those originating them and are not well diversified. By raising the cost of equity capital for firms, this impedes investment. It also drives up corporate leverage, thus making the economy more vulnerable to shocks. These vulnerabilities manifested themselves even before the sovereign crisis hit. Strengthening investor protection, through improvements in the justice system and financial regulation, is an important part of the solution. In the shorter run, the debt overhang problem in the private sector should be addressed. The chapter discusses policy options to achieve these goals.
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Conference papers on the topic "Properte development and investment credit"

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Noneva-Zlatkova, Yordanka. "PROTECTION OF CREDITORS’ RIGHTS IN THE CONTEXT OF AN EVOLVING INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT UNDER EU LAW." In 4th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2020 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2020.179.

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In the post-global economic and financial crisis, Europe is suffering from significantly low levels of investment. This applies both to national level in the individual Member States and to those with a supranational scope. For this reason, the EC tried to stimulate the development of any investment initiative through the Juncker Plan, which is based on three pillars: the European Fund for Strategic Investments, the European Investment Advisory Center and the European Investment Projects Portal, and third, improving the business environment by removing regulatory barriers to investment at national and European level. Policies in this direction will continue and build on over the period 2021-2027 through the InvestEU program, which aims to continue to support increased investment, innovation and job creation in Europe. The process of implementation of each such initiative directly affects the individual legal and natural persons as investors who enter different bond relations, which have both national and international dimension. The development of new investment products and instruments would be unthinkable without the Bank’s involvement as a major creditor in the implementation of investment projects. This fact shows that it is necessary to examine the legal guarantees for the protection of creditors in these relationships in case of possible threat the debtor to damage the creditor in case of unfavourable development of the respective investment initiative. This paper will justify the significance and the peculiarities of Paul’s claim as a means of protecting creditors in the context of a developing EU investment environment and its legal framework. This method of preventing the decline of the asset and / or the increase of the liability of the debtor’s property is characterized by extreme persistence over time as a legal institution that originated in the Roman era and has survived to the present without losing its significance.
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ŠPIČKA, Jindřich. "WHAT DETERMINES PROPENSITY TO GET PUBLIC INVESTMENT SUBSIDIES? A CASE STUDY OF THE CZECH FOOD INDUSTRY." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.052.

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The aim of the paper is to is to quantify differences in structural and economic indicators between participants and nonparticipants of the investment support programmes in the Czech food industry at the beginning of the old programming period (2007). Research was conducted on a dataset of supported projects from the Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Industry and Trade combined with structural and economic indicators of participating and nonparticipating companies provided by MagnusWeb database. Final database contained 1 225 companies. However, not all indicators were available for all companies. Original set of variables was selected through Principal Component Analysis. Propensity to be supported was calculated through probit regression. Public investment support has had pretensions to increase productivity of the food industry as well as the added value of agricultural production by supporting many operations in agricultural processing and marketing. Ex-post evaluation of the “old” programming period 2007–14 shows that companies with larger size, lower trade margin, optimal liquidity, lower debt ratio and higher credit debt ratio had higher propensity to be supported. Conclusions about size and credit debt ratio follow previous research by other authors that small companies had lower chance to be supported because of more difficult access to good advisory services and bank loans.
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Dzhailov, Dzhumabek, Farkhad Sariev, and Elmira Kupsuralieva. "Improvement of Financial and Credit Regulation Mechanisms in Agroindustrial Complex Development." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00379.

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Agroindustrial complex is a strategically important sector of the national economy. However, its unsustainable development within recent years strongly reduced its share in GDP of the country and aggravated the problems of food security. The factors of the sector situation aggravation are low investment attractiveness, poor development of financial and credit sphere. It is necessary to increase considerably not only volumes of assigned financial and credit resources but also to change significantly their assignment (financial support of priority sectors of agro industrial complex, subsidy assistance of farmers’ expenses and percents on credits etc.)
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Yermolaev, Konstantin Nikolaevich, and Farrukh Fatoevich Salamov. "INVESTMENT LENDING AS THE BASIS FOR THE BREAKTHROUGH ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN RUSSIA." In Russian science: actual researches and developments. Samara State University of Economics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/russian.science-2020.03-1-780/783.

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the article is devoted to the disclosure of the essence and role of investment and credit support for the breakthrough economic development of Russia on the basis of the transition to the 6th technological system, the formation of an integral world economic order, the creation of an institutional system of advanced development and financial incentives
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Saprikina, Natalia, Anna Masurek, and Tamara Schastlivenko. "Assessment of the International Cross-Countries Investment Flows: Empirical Evidence from Russia and China." In 8th International Conference on Contemporary Problems in the Development of Economic, Financial and Credit Systems (DEFCS 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.201215.028.

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Vladyka, Marina, Elena Stryabkova, Aleksandr Mamatov, and Elena Gorbunova. "Investment in Human Capital as a Factor of Growth of the Gross Regional Product." In 8th International Conference on Contemporary Problems in the Development of Economic, Financial and Credit Systems (DEFCS 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.201215.041.

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Leonova, Olga. "Benefits and Potential of Using Foreign Private Capital to Supply Innovation and Investment Needs in Russia." In 8th International Conference on Contemporary Problems in the Development of Economic, Financial and Credit Systems (DEFCS 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.201215.049.

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Radulovic, Ana. "FINANCIAL CRISES AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ECONOMY." In 6th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2020.99.

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Economic structures are a major cause of long-term growth or stagnation. Different economic structures have different ranges of structural learning, innovation, and different effects on income distribution, which are key determinants of economic performance. Through theory about economic structures it is explained why institutions work differently in space and time. This paper shows using a case study in the United States, that the source of recent financial crises rests on the structural characteristics of the economy. Constant deindustrialization is increasing inequality, and a debt-intensive credit boom has emerged to offset the deflationary effects of this structural change. The strong application of the austerity system in Europe and other parts of the world, even after the evidence points to less frugal policies, illustrates the theory of power it has over public policy. The economic structure should be put at the center of analysis, to better understand the economic changes, income disparities and differences in the dynamics of political economy through time and space. This paper provides a critical overview of the rapidly developing comparative studies of institutions and economic performance, with an emphasis on its analytical and political implications. The paper tries to identify some conceptual gaps in the literature on economic growth policy. Emphasis is placed on the contrasting experiences of East Asia and Latin America. This paper argues that the future investments in this field should be based on rigorous conceptual difference between the rules of the game and the game, and between the political and institutional, embedded in the concept of management. It also emphasizes the importance of a serious understanding of the endogenous and distributive nature of institutions and steps beyond the narrow approach of property law relations in management and development. By providing insights from the political channels through which institutions affect economic performance, this paper aims to contribute to the consolidation of theoretically based, empirically based and relevant to policy research on political and institutional foundations of growth and prosperity.
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Vercher-Moll, Javier. "THE OUTSOURCING IN CREDIT INSTITUTIONS, INVESTMENT FIRMS AND IN PAYMENT AND ELECTRONIC MONEY INSTITUTIONS." In 4th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2020 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2020.251.

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The creation of a solid and effective system of government, as well as the development of the company subject, sometimes advise the outsourcing of functions in order to achieve agility and efficiency. The Guidelines EBA/GL/2019/02 starts from a basic idea and is that it is aware of the new technologies to carry out the credit business. The subjective scope of application of the Guidelines not only affects credit institutions, but also extends to investment services companies and payment and electronic money institutions. Then, it is necessary to analyse how the new guidelines on outsourcing fit into the referred institutions.
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Dilek, Serkan, and Ali Konak. "Evaluation of Turkic Republics In Terms of Business Feasibility Potential." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01211.

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Today, level of countries’ business feasibility in terms of global competition has a great importance. For businessmen, determination of the level of countries’ business feasibility provides important information about the level of overall business feasibility of the examined countries and plays an important role on understanding the levels of the investment feasibility of countries. In this context, in our search, the levels of business feasibility of countries Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgzstan presenting available business feasibility index and Global Competitiveness Index between 2004-2014 has been examinated with the help of the business feasibility index prepared by World Economic Forum (WEF), thus it has been trying to put forward strengths and weaknesses in terms of getting feasibility business in these countries. As a result of studies, with together change from country to country and from year to year, the most important barriers in front of the feasibility business in the examined Turkic Republics in recent years, has been determined that they are based on inability to access enough to an electrical source, the lack of protection of investors and inability to perform remarkable progress in the matter of tax paid. After all, in Turkish Republics, it was that there are positive developments in the process of starting work, also significantly reduced in bankruptcy, besides, the realization of significant progress about formalization of property and reaching credit resources and in line with these developments, it has been concluded that Turkic Republics -except Tajikistan- has slightly developments in being business feasible country.
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Reports on the topic "Properte development and investment credit"

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Aparicio, Gabriela, Vida Bobić, Fernando De Olloqui, María Carmen Fernández Diez, María Paula Gerardino, Oscar A. Mitnik, and Sebastian Vargas Macedo. Liquidity or Capital?: The Impacts of Easing Credit Constraints in Rural Mexico. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003336.

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This paper evaluates the effectiveness of easing credit constraints for rural producers in Mexico through loans provided by a national public development finance institution. In contrast to most of the existing literature, the study focuses on the effect of medium-sized loans over a two- to four-year time horizon. This paper looks at the effects of such loans on production and investment decisions, input use, and yields. Using a multiple treatment methodology, it explores the differential impacts of providing liquidity for working capital versus providing credit for investments in fixed assets. It finds that loans increased the likelihood that producers grow and sell certain key annual crops, in particular among recipients of working capital loans. It also finds significant effects on production value and sales (per hectare), with similar impacts for recipients of both types of loans, with gains in yields driven by changes in labor quality and more intensive use of key inputs. There is no evidence of significant effects on the purchase of large machinery, but there are impacts on the acquisition of cattle. Overall, the results reported in this paper suggest that lack of liquidity is at least as important as lack of funding for new investment in capital for rural producers in Mexico. Producers benefit from easing their credit constraints, regardless of the type of loan used for that purpose.
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