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Journal articles on the topic 'Properties punishment'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Ghodrati, fatemeh, and Mojtaba Azimpanah. "A Jurisprudence-Based Contemplation in the Act of Stealing a Mother from the Child's Property." Biannual Journal of Family Law And Jurisprudence 22, no. 66 (2017): 119–41. https://doi.org/10.30497/flj.2017.63801.

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In Islamic jurisprudence, the punishment for the crime of stealing generally includes the amputation of a body part. According to this general principle, the father’s stealing of the child's property is an exception that has been made, however, as a consequence, the matter of the mother's sentence is raised in this issue. Although Islamic Punishments Law (Article 268- Paragraph C), and as stated by famous Imams' jurists, the mother is not associated with father; nonetheless, with attention to the strength of the arguments of the opposition to execution of a prescribed punishment on the m

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ARIF, ARIF ALI, та Faroogh Salami. "مبدأ شخصية العقوبة والمساواة فيها في الشريعة الإسلامية القانون الجنائي الإيراني أنموذجًا". Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law 6, № 1 (2018): 385–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol6no1.111.

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يهدف هذا البحث إلى بيان "مبدأ شخصية العقوبة والمساواة فيها في الشريعة الإسلامية، وإتخاذ القانون الجنائي الإيراني أنموذجاً معتمدًا على المنهج الاستقرائي: باستقراء أقوال الفقهاء من المؤلفات المدونة حول هذا الموضوع، وكذلك بتتبع القوانين المتناثرة والبنود المتعلقة بمبدأ شخصية العقوبة والمساواة فيها إتخاذ القانون الجنائي الإيراني أنموذجًا، وكذلك الاعتماد على المنهجين التحليلي والمقارن: بتحليل هذين المبدأين ومناقشتهما. هذا، وقد وصل الباحث بالمناهج السابقة، واستنادًا إلى مفهوم العقوبة في الشريعة الإسلامية والقانون الجنائي الإيراني، أن العقوبة تتميز بخصائص مشتركة تستقل بها، وهذه الخصائص أو الأصول الحا

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Tymoshenko, V. "The doctrine of the purpose of criminal punishment in modern European political and legal thought." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 70 (June 18, 2022): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2022.70.10.

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The doctrines on the purpose of punishment in the political and legal thought of the New Age are considered. Attention is focused on the essence of punishment in the works of contemporary thinkers, its properties and the appropriateness of certain types of punishment. It is stated that the call for humane treatment of criminals and condemnation of cruel punishments was made in the early XVI century. In addition, the ideas of natural law doctrine influenced criminal law theories, including the theory of punishment. In modern times, the absolute and relative theory of punishment have gaine

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Atli, Abdullah, Süleyman Şad, and Niyazi Özer. "A mixed methods approach to developing a scale on parents' practices to reward and punish their children." Research in Pedagogy 12, no. 2 (2022): 339–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/istrped2202339a.

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This exploratory mixed method research aimed to develop parent and child forms of a scale to measure parents' practices to reward and punish their children. For the qualitative strand, semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents (n = 54) and their children (n = 39). The qualitative analysis revealed four major themes regarding parental rewarding practices (material rewards, activity-based rewards, permission, and verbal and emotional rewards) and three major themes regarding parental punishment practices (response cost, verbal and emotional punishment, and corporal punishment), whic

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Kandabarova, Tat'yana. "Criminal punishment: history and modernity." Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2021, no. 4 (2021): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.35750/2071-8284-2021-4-84-88.

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The article discusses criminal punishment in historical and modern aspects. The term «criminal punishment» is multidimensional both in everyday and scientific understanding, functional properties are diverse. Without punishment there is no crime, and without crime there is no punishment. Hence the familiar phrase «crime-punishment». The role of criminal punishment in countering socially dangerous acts, its effectiveness causes discussion. The issues of sentencing at different times have always been and are receiving a lot of attention, both from legal scholars and from practitioners. The impro

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Leoni, Patrick L. "Extreme punishments characterize weak Pareto optimality." Adaptive Behavior 25, no. 1 (2017): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059712316683231.

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In normal form games, we model the largely observed psychological phenomenon of systematic and extreme punishment after a deviation, regardless of the cost. After establishing basic properties, we show that this notion characterizes a weak form of Pareto optimality. Every Pareto optimal outcome can also be sustained by the threat of extreme punishment, which cannot be achieved in general through Nash equilibria strategies, nor with tit-for-tat strategies.

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Ballard, Timothy, David K. Sewell, Daniel Cosgrove, and Andrew Neal. "Information Processing Under Reward Versus Under Punishment." Psychological Science 30, no. 5 (2019): 757–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797619835462.

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Much is known about the effects of reward and punishment on behavior, yet little research has considered how these incentives influence the information-processing dynamics that underlie decision making. We fitted the linear ballistic accumulator to data from a perceptual-judgment task to examine the impacts of reward- and punishment-based incentives on three distinct components of information processing: the quality of the information processed, the quantity of that information, and the decision threshold. The threat of punishment lowered the average quality and quantity of information process

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Помощикова, Н. В. "Substantive Properties of Criminal Punishments without Isolation from Society." СОВРЕМЕННОЕ ПРАВО, no. 8 (August 31, 2024): 98–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.25799/ni.2024.27.86.019.

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Цель исследования: на основе анализа уголовно-исполнительного законодательства сформулировать основные содержательные свойства подсистемы наказаний, не связанных с изоляцией от общества, определяющие их сущность. Методы: проведенное исследование базируется на методах анализа и синтеза, сравнительно-правовом и формально-юридическом методах познания. Выводы: к содержательным свойствам, определяющим сущность подсистемы уголовных наказаний, не связанных с изоляцией от общества, относятся непенитенциарный режим исполнения и отбывания наказаний; условия «антиизоляции» отбывания наказания; минимальны

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Antonchenko, V. V. "Punishment and the concept of restorative justice in criminal law." Jus strictum, no. 2 (2024): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18323/3034-2945-2024-2-11-18.

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The relevance of the study is caused by the necessity for further increment of scientific knowledge on the issues of fighting crime by means of criminal law, as well as by the importance of understanding the essence of criminal punishment, which has a complex and contradictory nature manifested in the deprivation or restriction of the rights and freedoms of a person found guilty of committing a crime. The purpose of the work is to search for the most rational properties of punishment that can have a positive impact on quantitative and qualitative indicators of criminality. Causing adverse cons

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Pandey, Dr Pradeep Kumar. "PREVENTING DEFACEMENT OF PUBLIC PROPERTIES IN INDIA: AN ANALYSIS." Al-Shodhana 12, no. 2 (2024): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.70644/as.v12.i2.1.

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In today’s scenario, the public properties are most vulnerable in terms of its protection and safeguard. This is general observation that such properties are easily defaced and devalued by the miscreants to fulfil their different objectives without being caught in the grip of law. To curb this menace, the specific legislations have been made by the State Legislatures having different norms of punishment and procedure. In the light of above facts, the present paper unearths the legal provisions relating to preventing defacement of public properties. Further, it gives some sensible suggestions a

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Gilinsky, Yakov. "CRIME AND PUNISHMENT IN THE CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY OF POSTMODERN." Socium 1, no. 3 (2024): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.62476/soc13157.

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The article is based on the study and generalization of world and Russian criminological literature, as well as some statistical data. In the postmodern society in which humanity has lived since the mid-twentieth century, not only social processes and phenomena change significantly, but also knowledge about them. Postmodern criminology proceeds from the fact that “crime” and “criminality” are social constructs constructed by the authorities in the interests, first of all, of the authorities. There are no properties, characteristics or personality traits inherent only to the “criminal personali

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MCBRIDE, MICHAEL, RYAN KENDALL, MARIA R. D'ORSOGNA, and MARTIN B. SHORT. "Crime, punishment, and evolution in an adversarial game." European Journal of Applied Mathematics 27, no. 3 (2015): 317–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956792515000649.

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We examine the game theoretic properties of a model of crime first introduced by Short et al. (2010 Phys. Rev. E82, 066114) as the SBD Adversarial Game. We identify the rationalizable strategies and one-shot equilibria under multiple equilibrium refinements. We further show that SBD's main result about the effectiveness of defecting-punishers (“Informants”) in driving the system to evolve to the cooperative equilibrium under an imitation dynamic generalizes to a best response dynamic, though only under certain parameter regimes. The nature of this strategy's role, however, differs significantl

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Ree, Melissa J. "The Thought Control Questionnaire in an Inpatient Psychiatric Setting: Psychometric Properties and Predictive Capacity." Behaviour Change 27, no. 4 (2010): 212–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/bech.27.4.212.

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AbstractThe current article describes the psychometric properties of the Thought Control Questionnaire (TCQ; Wells & Davies, 1994) in 176 psychiatric inpatients at admission and discharge (352 completed TCQs). Factor analysis revealed four factors; Reappraisal/Distraction, Social Control, Punishment, and Worry. Scale descriptive statistics, reliabilities and correlations with psychiatric symptoms, self esteem, and quality of life supported the use of the TCQ in this setting. TCQ factors were then used as predictors of improvement from admission to discharge. The strategy of Punishment appe

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McIvor, Katy, Amy Degnan, Lauren Pugh, Laura Bettney, Richard Emsley, and Katherine Berry. "Examining the Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of a Guilt Management Scale (GMS)." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 47, no. 2 (2018): 181–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465818000292.

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Background: Guilt is commonly associated with distress and psychopathology. However, there is a lack of validated measures that assess how people cope with this aversive emotional and cognitive experience. Aims: We therefore developed and validated a self-report measure that assesses how people manage their guilt: the Guilt Management Scale (GMS). Method: The GMS was administered to a non-clinical (n = 339) and clinical (n = 67) sample, alongside other validated measures of guilt severity, coping, thought control and psychological distress. Results from a principal component analysis (PCA) and

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Pattij, Tommy, Theo H. Hijzen, Jan Gommans, Robert A. A. Maes, and Berend Olivier. "Effects of drug discrimination history on anti-punishment properties of chlordiazepoxide in rats." Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 67, no. 3 (2000): 621–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0091-3057(00)00446-9.

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Andrianova, Anastasia O. "Some Peculiarities of a Crime Committer Identity and Role within the Framework of Criminal Law Combating of Terrorism Financing." Jurist 3 (February 25, 2021): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1812-3929-2021-3-70-74.

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The article substantiates the need for differentiation of responsibility depending on the contribution to the crime and the level of public danger of the offender. The author notes the appropriateness of taking into account the functional role of the person in the criminal chain and the varying amount of funding. Attention is paid to the consideration of differences in the characteristic properties of the personality of the terrorist executor and the person who finances terrorism. The problem of the proportionality of the act and punishment for committing the financing of terrorism is identifi

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Abdullahi, Dr Ja’afar Agaji, Dr Lawal Tambaya Ahmad, and Misbahuddeen Muhammad Bashir. "Jurisprudential Analysis of Qisas: The Views of the Maliki School of Jurisprudence." Middle East Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 03 (2024): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/merjhss.2024.v04i03.005.

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To maintain peace and tranquillity in our societies/communities, and to protect the lives and properties of individuals living in a society, it is necessary to have certain rules and regulations that govern the whole system of society. Thus, some guidelines for each aspect of human life are therein. Islamic law took its origin in governing an Islamic state, to avoid injustice and to prescribe different forms of punishment which constitute the basic criminal justice system odf Islam. These include Qisas, Diyah, etc. Therefore, the Glorious Qur’an specifies not only the principles of retaliation

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Cooper, Andrew, and Rapson Gomez. "The Development of a Short Form of the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire." Journal of Individual Differences 29, no. 2 (2008): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001.29.2.90.

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The Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire (SPSRQ) has been proposed as a measure of the behavioral approach system (BAS) and behavioral inhibition system (BIS). Previous research with the SPSRQ has highlighted potential problems with the factor structure of the measure and individual item properties. The aim of the current studies was to use factor analytic and item response theory (IRT) methods to examine the psychometric properties of the SPSRQ. A further aim was to develop a short version of the SPSRQ. In Study 1, 393 adult participants completed the SPSRQ. The r

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Fisher, Talia. "Half the Guilt." Theoretical Inquiries in Law 22, no. 1 (2021): 87–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/til-2021-0005.

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Abstract Criminal law conceptualizes guilt and the finding of guilt as purely categorical phenomena. At the end of trial, the defendant is pronounced either “guilty” or “not guilty” of the charges made against her, excluding the possibility of judgment of degree. Judges or juries cannot calibrate findings of guilt to various degrees of epistemic certainty by pronouncing the defendant “probably guilty,” “most certainly guilty,” or “guilty by preponderance of the evidence.” Nor can decision makers qualify the verdict to reflect normative or legal ambiguities. Findings of guilt are construed as a

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De Toffoli, Alessandra, Sara Spinelli, Erminio Monteleone, et al. "Influences of Psychological Traits and PROP Taster Status on Familiarity with and Choice of Phenol-Rich Foods and Beverages." Nutrients 11, no. 6 (2019): 1329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11061329.

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Plant phenolics are powerful antioxidants and free radical scavengers that can contribute to the healthy functional properties of plant-based food and beverages. Thus, dietary behaviours rich in plant-based food and beverages are encouraged. However, it is well-known that the bitter taste and other low-appealing sensory properties that characterize vegetables and some other plant-based foods act as an innate barrier for their acceptance. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of psychological traits and PROP status (the responsiveness to bitter taste of 6-n- propylthiouracil) o

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Oleksandr, Kozachenko, and Melkikyan Marija. "THE NOTION AND PROPERTIES OF PUNISHMENT ON THE BASIS OF CULTURAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL METHODOLOGY." Kherson State University Herald. Series Legal Sciences, no. 2 (November 5, 2019): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32999/ksu2307-8049/2019-2-8.

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Li, Qian. "Behavior Analysis of Together-Conspired Bidding Based on the Evolutionary Game." Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (October 2012): 1513–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.1513.

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Based on the “replication dynamics” ideas, the paper establishes asymmetric evolutionary game model of together-conspired bidding using evolutionary game theory, and obtains its evolutionary stable strategy under the present governmental supervision that surround-bidder and accompanying-bidder’s proportion is periodic fluctuation of the center stability, explains the reason why together-conspired bidding is difficult to be prevented effectively. In order to find the decisive factor of the evolutionary drift, further investigation shows that the evolutionary drift is converged to the different

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Van Leeuwen, Karla G., and Ad A. Vermulst. "Some Psychometric Properties of the Ghent Parental Behavior Scale1." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 20, no. 4 (2004): 283–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.20.4.283.

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Summary: The theoretical basis of the Ghent Parental Behavior Questionnaire (GPBS) originates from social-learning theories. Parents rate the frequency of their behavior toward a target child between 8 and 14 years old, and children rate the behavior of their parents. Confirmatory factor analyses provide evidence for a solid factor structure in different samples. Nine scales are distinguished: Positive parenting, Monitoring, Rules, Discipline, Inconsistent discipline, Harsh punishment, Ignoring, Material rewarding, and Autonomy. It is also feasible to distinguish two second-order factors: Supp

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Wilson, David I. G., and E. M. Bowman. "Rat Nucleus Accumbens Neurons Predominantly Respond to the Outcome-Related Properties of Conditioned Stimuli Rather Than Their Behavioral-Switching Properties." Journal of Neurophysiology 94, no. 1 (2005): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01332.2004.

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It has been proposed that nucleus accumbens neurons respond to outcome (reward and punishment) and outcome-predictive information. Alternatively, it has been suggested that these neurons respond to salient stimuli, regardless of their outcome-predictive properties, to facilitate a switch in ongoing behavior. We recorded the activity of 82 single-nucleus accumbens neurons in thirsty rats responding within a modified go/no-go task. The task design allowed us to analyze whether neurons responded to conditioned stimuli that predicted rewarding (saccharin) or aversive (quinine) outcomes, and whethe

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Shesler, A. V. "Ideological Foundations of the Provisions of the Criminal Code on Crime and Punishment." Juridical science and practice 17, no. 3 (2021): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2542-0410-2021-17-3-69-75.

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The article examines the ideological foundations of modern criminal legislation, in the aspect of crime and criminal punishability of socially dangerous acts. The author examines the influence of conservative and liberal approaches on the formation of the criminal law, its consistency, as well as the content of individual institutions and provisions. The degree and quality of such an impact of the liberal approach on the essential properties and substantive aspects of criminal legislation is thoroughly studied. In this regard, the author gives illustrative examples of negative manifestations o

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Greco, G., and F. Scarcello. "Mechanisms for Fair Allocation Problems: No-Punishment Payment Rules in Verifiable Settings." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 49 (March 17, 2014): 403–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.4224.

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Mechanism design is considered in the context of fair allocations of indivisible goods with monetary compensation, by focusing on problems where agents' declarations on allocated goods can be verified before payments are performed. A setting is considered where verification might be subject to errors, so that payments have to be awarded under the presumption of innocence, as incorrect declared values do not necessarily mean manipulation attempts by the agents. Within this setting, a mechanism is designed that is shown to be truthful, efficient, and budget-balanced. Moreover, agents' utilities

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Popovych, Olena, and Leonid Tomash. "Duration of deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities: theory and practice problems." Scientific and informational bulletin of Ivano-Frankivsk University of Law named after King Danylo Halytskyi 2, no. 15(27) (2023): 291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.33098/2078-6670.2023.15.27.2.291-298.

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Purpose. The objective of the study is to clarify the criminal law issues related to the determination of the terms of deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities as a special type of punishment. To achieve this objective, an appropriate methodology was applied, in particular, philosophical, general scientific and special scientific methods were used. For example, the dialectical method was used to identify the essential features of deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities; the historical and legal ones - when stu

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Salma, Salma, and Jarudin Jarudin. "Theft Prevention With Rahat as an Effort to Protect Property in Pasaman, West Sumatera, Indonesia." QIJIS (Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies) 8, no. 2 (2020): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/qijis.v8i2.5856.

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This article aims to explore about rahat as an effort to protect property in Pasaman, West Sumatera, Indonesia. Stealing was a criminal act which threatened the perpetrator with severe punishment, imprisonment in Indonesia or hand-amputation in Islamic law. The punishment was not only to deter and punish the perpetrator but also to educate society not to make the same mistake. However, when the national and religious laws did not function efficiently, the people in Pasaman, West Sumatera, Indonesia protected their properties with rahat, the magical fence consisting of tayyibah (noble words) wh

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Kumari, Rajbala, Jay Kumar Ranjan, and Saroj Verma. "Psychometric Properties of the Hindi Version of the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System Scale." Psychological Test Adaptation and Development 5, no. 1 (2024): 66–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2698-1866/a000069.

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Abstract: Aim: The Behavioral Inhibition and Activation Scale is a popular instrument that assesses an individual's responsiveness to reward and punishment. It is widely translated and validated in different languages. However, the Hindi version of this scale is not yet available. The present study aimed to adapt the BIS/BAS scale into Hindi and examine its psychometric properties and factor structure. Method: The original BIS/BAS scale was translated into Hindi using the translation and back-translation method. The translated Hindi version along with the NEO-FFI and HADS was administered on 2

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Goncharov, Igor V. "Subjective properties of the grounds for criminal liability for driving while intoxicated." Current Issues of the State and Law, no. 19 (2021): 465–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-9340-2021-5-19-465-474.

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We consider the signs of subjective side of a crime involving a traffic violation by a person subjected to administrative punishment (Article 264.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). We emphasize that the state of intoxication should be distinguished from morbid psyche states, since they should be attributed to a different category of mental states of the person. We pay attention to the signs of the subjective side, we note that the considered corpus delicti is formulated as formal. Therefore, this act is com-mitted intentionally and with direct intent. Driving while intoxicated

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Longpré, Nicholas, Jean-Pierre Guay, and Raymond A. Knight. "MTC Sadism Scale: Toward a Dimensional Assessment of Severe Sexual Sadism With Behavioral Markers." Assessment 26, no. 1 (2017): 70–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191117737377.

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Sadism was initially described as the experience of sexual pleasure produced by acts of cruelty and bodily punishment. Sadism was conceptualized as if sadists were fundamentally different from nonsadists. Recent studies have suggested that sadism is distributed as a dimension rather than as a category. The aim of the current study was to assess the psychometric properties the MTC Sexual Sadism Scale. Our analyses were conducted on a sample of 486 sexual offenders assessed at a correctional institution in Massachusetts. In summary, the results indicate that the MTC Sexual Sadism Scale possesses

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Munawarsyah, Munawarsyah, Januddin Januddin, and Muhammad Jafar. "Juridical Analysis of the Amount of Diyat Toward Armed Conflict Victims in Aceh." Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal) : Humanities and Social Sciences 1, no. 4 (2018): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v1i4.99.

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Islamic criminal law recognizes a kind of punishment called as diyat (compensation) for victims of murder and torture which has been apologized by the victim or family of victim. Diyat is amount of money or properties that should be paid by the perpetrator due to the death or damage of victim body. The legal basis for the determination of diyat can be found in Koran, chapter Al-Baqarah verse 178. Apart from that, there is Hadist of Muhammad Prophet written by Abu Dawud (peace be upon him), explaining the amount of diyat based on crime category whether murder or torture.Aceh Governance has impl

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Mohammadzadeh-Ebrahimi, Ali, and Tayebe Rahimi-Pordanjani. "The Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire-Clarified and Revised." Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences 16, no. 3 (2019): 241–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.52547/rbs.16.3.241.

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Szpak, Jacek. "Księżnej Anny z Zamoyskich Sapieżyny żywot pracowity. Działalność księżnej Anny w dobrach sapieżyńskich." Historia Slavorum Occidentis 41, no. 2 (2024): 104–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/hso240203.

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The article concerns certain aspects of economic activities of Anna Sapieżyna, with special emphasis placed on the territories of Congress Poland and Taken Lands on the east of the Bug river. The author focuses on the financial situation of the landed properties and how the duchess managed them. Anna Sapieżyna (1772–1858) was married to Aleksander Sapieha in 1794. In 1799, she gave birth to her daughter Anna, and in 1803 to her son Leon. In 1817, the daughter married A.J. Czartoryski. After the fall of the November Uprising in 1831, the duchess strived to save the family fortune from confiscat

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Liao, Jianhui. "An empirical study on the abuse of market dominance by urban pipeline gas in 2020-2022." Transactions on Social Science, Education and Humanities Research 5 (April 1, 2024): 543–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.62051/jjbaz536.

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City pipeline gas has significant natural monopoly properties and regional characteristics. This paper sorted out the administrative law enforcement cases of abuse of market dominance in the field of urban pipeline gas in the three years from 2020 to 2022, and found that the acts of Article 17 (5) and (4) of the Anti-Monopoly Law accounted for the highest proportion, and the punishment was generally mild, and most of them were private enterprises. At the same time, the corresponding regulatory implications are studied and proposed, that is, strengthening the supervision of natural monopoly ent

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Kállai, János, Sándor Rózsa, Zsuzsanna Kerekes, Rita Hargitai, and Anikó Osváth. "A temperament dependent dimension: psychometric properties of the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire (SPSRQ) on Hungarian sample." Mentálhigiéné és Pszichoszomatika 10, no. 2 (2009): 153–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/mental.10.2009.2.5.

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Granero, Roser, Josep Maria Domènech, Nuria de la Osa, and Lourdes Ezpeleta. "Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire for Children (SPSRQ-C)." Personality and Individual Differences 94 (May 2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.12.050.

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Dufey, Michele, Ana María Fernández, and Catalina Mourgues. "Assessment of the Behavioral Inhibition System and the Behavioral Approach System: Adaptation and Validation of the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire (SPSRQ) in a Chilean Sample." Spanish journal of psychology 14, no. 1 (2011): 432–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/rev_sjop.2011.v14.n1.39.

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The goal of the present study is to estimate the psychometric properties of the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire (SPSRQ; Torrubia, Ávila, Moltó, & Caseras, 2001) in a sample of Chilean college students. The main hypothesis is that the instrument would show appropriate levels of reliability and validity, in light of previous validation studies. A pilot study was conducted in order to generate the adapted version of the questionnaire, which was then applied to a student sample from different undergraduate careers (n = 434). The results show the expected level

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Perugini, Marco, Marcello Gallucci, Fabio Presaghi, and Anna Paola Ercolani. "The personal norm of reciprocity." European Journal of Personality 17, no. 4 (2003): 251–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.474.

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Reciprocity is here considered as an internalized social norm, and a questionnaire to measure individual differences in the internalized norm of reciprocity is presented. The questionnaire, Personal Norm of Reciprocity (PNR), measures three aspects of reciprocity: positive reciprocity, negative reciprocity, and beliefs in reciprocity. The PNR has been developed and tested in two cultures, British and Italian, for a total of 951 participants. A cross‐cultural study provides evidence of good psychometric properties and generalizability of the PNR. Data provide evidence for criterion validity and

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Utanov, Mukhtarhan Aidarkhanovich, Bagdat Tlektesovna Aueshova, Dina Bugybaykyzy Bugybay, Saltanat Bakytzhanovna Sautbayeva, and Elvira Bekbolatovna Ablaeva. "LEGAL REGULATION OF CRIMINAL LIABILITY AND PUNISHMENT FOR FRAUD IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN." Bulletin of the Institute of Legislation and Legal Information of the Republic of Kazakhstan 4, no. 79 (2024): 251–61. https://doi.org/10.52026/2788-5291_2024_79_4_251.

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The article is devoted to the legal regulation of criminal liability and punishment for fraud provided for in Article 190 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The relevance of the chosen topic is caused by the fact that crime in the republic as a whole is characterized by a steady downward trend, as well as crime against property itself, but there is a tendency to a high increase in fraud in their structure. These circumstances are of concern to the Kazakh society, especially due to the increasing cases of theft of other people's property fraudulently or abuse of the owner's tru

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Hausken, Kjell. "A Game Theoretic Model of Adversaries and Media Manipulation." Games 10, no. 4 (2019): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/g10040048.

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A model is developed for two players exerting media manipulation efforts to support each of two actors who interact controversially. Early evidence may support one actor, while the full evidence emerging later may support the other actor. Exerting effort when the full evidence exceeds (falls short off) the early evidence is rewarded (punished) with lower (higher) unit effort cost. Properties and simulations are presented to illustrate the players’ strategic challenges when altering eight model parameters, i.e., a player’s unit effort cost, stake in the interaction, proportionality parameter sc

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Avdeev, Vadim A., and Ekaterina V. Shumakova. "REGULATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF HUMANITY IN THE CRIMINAL LAW AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION AT THE LAW ENFORCEMENT LEVEL." Oeconomia et Jus, no. 2 (June 26, 2023): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/2499-9636-2023-2-54-63.

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The article deals with the topical issues of criminal sentencing in the context of implementing the principle of humanity, the problems of legislative regulation of this principle in the criminal law and ensuring human rights and freedoms, including personal freedom, personal inviolability and dignity of the individual in the mechanism of criminal law regulation. The purpose of the study is to reveal the concept of humanism as a principle of the law from the point of view of the strategic component in the development of legal policy, including the criminal law; to analyze comprehensively the l

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Mytrofanov, I. "Reflections on the existence of the science of criminal law." National Technical University of Ukraine Journal. Political science. Sociology. Law, no. 1(49) (June 8, 2021): 156–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2308-5053.2021.1(49).233146.

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The article states that today the issues of the role (purpose) of criminal law, the structure of criminal law knowledge remain debatable. And at this time, questions arise: whose interests are protected by criminal law, is it able to ensure social justice, including the proportionality of the responsibility of the individual and the state for criminally illegal actions? The purpose of the article is to comprehend the problems of criminal law knowledge about the phenomena that shape the purpose of criminal law as a fair regulator of public relations, aimed primarily at restoring social justice

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Odebode, Adeola Aminat. "Views of Nigerian Teachers on Strategies for Curbing Indiscipline: Implications for Counselling Practices." Mimbar Sekolah Dasar 7, no. 1 (2020): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/mimbar-sd.v7i1.23477.

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This study investigated the strategies for curbing indiscipline in elementary school teachers in Nigeria. It also examined the influence of gender, years in service and educational qualification on the respondents’ expressions. This study employed a descriptive analysis of 200 elementary school teachers as participants. An instrument to analyze the data was developed, named ‘Strategies for Curbing Indiscipline Questionnaire” (SCIQ). The psychometric properties of the instrument were developed. Data were analyzed with both descriptive and inferential statistics. The result showed that the use o

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Chiramanee, Surachet, Chidchanok Churngchow, and Rotchanatch Darnsawasdi. "Political Ideology To Reduce Conflicts Of Interest In The Wetlands Of Thale Noi, Phatthalung Province, Thailand." Journal of Business Case Studies (JBCS) 8, no. 6 (2012): 613–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jbcs.v8i6.7401.

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This article studies measures to ease conflicts between locals and government officials regarding consumption of natural resources in the Thale Noi wetlands. The problems incurred by the wetlands are a function of their physical properties, location, and the significance of their natural resources. Previously, the extent of these problems was measured by the failure of efforts to solve them. The new methodology proposed for solving problems is based on political philosophy. This study proposes the elimination of confrontations and legal punishment in favor of participatory, democratic, trustfu

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Strannegård, Claes, Nils Svangård, David Lindström, Joscha Bach, and Bas Steunebrink. "Learning and decision-making in artificial animals." Journal of Artificial General Intelligence 9, no. 1 (2018): 55–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jagi-2018-0002.

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Abstract A computational model for artificial animals (animats) interacting with real or artificial ecosystems is presented. All animats use the same mechanisms for learning and decisionmaking. Each animat has its own set of needs and its own memory structure that undergoes continuous development and constitutes the basis for decision-making. The decision-making mechanism aims at keeping the needs of the animat as satisfied as possible for as long as possible. Reward and punishment are defined in terms of changes to the level of need satisfaction. The learning mechanisms are driven by predicti

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Южанин, Вячеслав Ефимович. "Modes of serving and executing deprivation of liberty." Vestnik Kuzbasskogo instituta, no. 1(46) (March 22, 2021): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.53993/2078-3914/2021/1(46)/121-126.

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В статье предлагается отличное от общепринятых понимание режима в исправительных учреждениях. В советский период большинство авторов в его содержание включали как карательные элементы наказания, так и все иные его принудительные свойства. Была и противоположная позиция, согласно которой режим не рассматривается в карательном контексте. В общем, было широкое и узкое понимание режима, но в каждом из них не разделялся режим по субъектам его отбывания - осужденному и администрации учреждения. Автор статьи предлагает разделить режим отбывания наказания, относящийся к осужденному, и режим обеспечени

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Lutenbacher, Melanie. "Psychometric Assessment of the Adult-Adolescent Parenting Inventory in a Sample of Low-Income Single Mothers." Journal of Nursing Measurement 9, no. 3 (2001): 291–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1061-3749.9.3.291.

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The Adult-Adolescent Parenting Inventory (AAPI) is a 32-item inventory widely used to identify adolescents and adults at risk for inadequate parenting behaviors. It includes four subscales representing the most frequent patterns associated with abusive parenting: (a) Inappropriate Expectations; (b) Lack of Empathy; (c) Parental Value of Corporal Punishment; and (d) Parent-Child Role Reversal. Although it has been used in a variety of samples, the psychometric properties of the AAPI have not been examined in low-income single mothers. The purposes of this study were to: (a) examine the reliabil

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Karasik, V. I., and E. A. Kitanina. "SYMBOLIZATION OF DESERT IN LINGUISTIC CONSCIOUSNESS." Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki, no. 1 (2024): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2024-1-29-37.

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The paper deals with symbolization of nature focusing the evaluative characteristics of natural phenomena in utilitarian, ethical and aesthetic dimensions. From a utilitarian point of view the following ideas come to the fore: physical properties (size, temperature, ingredients, etc.), possible danger and useability of the corresponding object. The utilitarian properties of desert are reflected in dictionary definitions, reactions of informants, and descriptions of its climatic, geographical and biological characteristics. Ethical conceptualization of a natural phenomenon is a transfer of its

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Boyd, Samuel L. "A Prophetic Judgement without Reprieve: The Concepts of Remnant and Law in Amos 3:12." Journal of Ancient Judaism 11, no. 3 (2020): 303–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/21967954-12340016.

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Abstract Overt statements regarding a remnant are strikingly absent in the book of Amos, leading many scholars to find sentiments therein that might lend credence to Amos’ vision for an Israel that survives judgment. In this paper, I analyze the manner in which Amos 3:12 has functioned in this endeavor to find a remnant of Israel in the book. I argue that no such remnant is in view in Amos 3:12 specifically, nor in the book generally. I examine the rhetorical context of Amos 3:12, as well as the syntactical properties of the verse, which help to underscore the role of divine judgment. I place

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