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Journal articles on the topic 'Property organisations'
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Huuskonen, Arto Pekka Juhani. "Supply network design in the residential-FM sector." Facilities 32, no. 11/12 (August 4, 2014): 723–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-11-2012-0092.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine supply network designs that large service organisations use in the residential-FM sector to respond to the organising requirements of their operating environments. Design/methodology/approach – The study is theoretically grounded in the well-established literature on the organisational design and structural contingency theory. Utilising a framework of generic organising problems proposed by Miles and Snow (1978) and a multiple-case study design, the study elaborates how large service organisations organise and manage their supply networks in the Finnish residential-FM sector. Findings – The study identifies four supply network designs that organisations use for responding to the organising problems inherent in the property and resident services domains in the residential-FM sector. These include regional production organisation, horizontal decentralisation, environment stabilisation and demand – supply pooling, reflecting the type of the service-market domain and the organisation’s service strategy. Originality/value – The study contributes to the facilities management literature by expanding the field of inquiry from the commercial real estate sector into the emerging field of professional residential facility services. In particular, the study adds to the discussion on supply strategies and design, offering a service provider perspective to the organisation of service supply in housing.
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Ali, Hisham, Jawad Ahmad, Zakwan Jaroucheh, Pavlos Papadopoulos, Nikolaos Pitropakis, Owen Lo, Will Abramson, and William J. Buchanan. "Trusted Threat Intelligence Sharing in Practice and Performance Benchmarking through the Hyperledger Fabric Platform." Entropy 24, no. 10 (September 28, 2022): 1379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24101379.
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Historically, threat information sharing has relied on manual modelling and centralised network systems, which can be inefficient, insecure, and prone to errors. Alternatively, private blockchains are now widely used to address these issues and improve overall organisational security. An organisation’s vulnerabilities to attacks might change over time. It is utterly important to find a balance among a current threat, the potential countermeasures, their consequences and costs, and the estimation of the overall risk that this provides to the organisation. For enhancing organisational security and automation, applying threat intelligence technology is critical for detecting, classifying, analysing, and sharing new cyberattack tactics. Trusted partner organisations can then share newly identified threats to improve their defensive capabilities against unknown attacks. On this basis, organisations can help reduce the risk of a cyberattack by providing access to past and current cybersecurity events through blockchain smart contracts and the Interplanetary File System (IPFS). The suggested combination of technologies can make organisational systems more reliable and secure, improving system automation and data quality. This paper outlines a privacy-preserving mechanism for threat information sharing in a trusted way. It proposes a reliable and secure architecture for data automation, quality, and traceability based on the Hyperledger Fabric private-permissioned distributed ledger technology and the MITRE ATT&CK threat intelligence framework. This methodology can also be applied to combat intellectual property theft and industrial espionage.
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Stonkienė, Marija. "Žinių nuosavybės teisių apsauga verslo organizacijoje." Informacijos mokslai 40 (January 1, 2007): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2007.0.3465.
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Straipsnyje aptariama verslo organizacijos þiniø nuosavybës teisinës apsaugos sistema. Verslo organizacijos þinias suvokiant kaip nematerialius objektus, teigiama savita iðreikðtø þiniø nuosavybës apsaugos galimybë intelektinës nuosavybës teisës normomis. Ávertinus verslo organizacijos neiðreikðtø þiniø naudojimo teisinio reguliavimo galimybes, konstatuojama, kad konkurencijos teisës normomis ribojamas verslo organizacijos neiðreikðtø þiniø naudojimas, darbo teisës normomis numatoma galimybë kompensuoti darbdavio iðlaidas darbuotojo þiniø gausinimui, jei darbuotojas keièia darbo vietà. Straipsnyje teigiama, kad verslo organizacijos þiniø portfelio nuosavybës teisinës apsaugos sistemà sudaro ne tik intelektinës nuosavybës teisës normos, bet ir specialios konkurencijos ir darbo teisës normos. Remiantis Lietuvos teisës normø analize supaþindinama su verslo organizacijos neiðreikðtø þiniø sklaidos teisiniu reguliavimu.* Protection of knowledge property rights in business organizationsMarija Stonkienë SummaryThe article presents the idea of protection of knowledge property rights in business organisations. The knowledge possessed by a business organisation is treated as an intangible object. It is maintained that the norms of protection of intellectual property are also applicable to the protection of the organisation’s explicit knowledge. The system of protection of intellectual property determines that only such explicit knowledge may be regarded as an object of intellectual property, which is defined as such in legal acts, which conforms to identification requirements and conditions of protection of intangible assets as set forth in legal acts. It is noted that the possibilities of protection of intellectual property are determined by the explicit knowledge of an organisation. Transfer of property rights related to tacit knowledge is impossible for a business organisation because of specific features of such knowledge. Legal regulation is aimed at the use of tacit knowledge of a business organisation or individual (organisation’s staff member), which has been produced out of the resources of this business organisation, and in the interests of this business organisation. The use of tacit knowledge in the interests of a business organisation is ensured by protection of trade secrets of the business organisation, thus limiting unfair competition of the personnel of a business organisation. The article maintains that the system of protection of the knowledge portfolio property rights of a business organisation embraces not only legal norms related to intellectual property but also special legal norms related to competition as well as to labour relations.
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Slaev, Aleksandar D. "Complex private-common property rights in institutional and planning theories." Planning Theory 19, no. 2 (September 16, 2019): 193–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473095219874832.
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This research focuses on a substantial gap between theories of institutions and property rights: institutions are accepted as complex social structures, but property rights are generally considered as simple, that is, either private or public. Although usually unacknowledged, this simplified understanding of property rights is actually based on Samuelson’s theory developed six decades ago. According to Samuelson, the inherent characteristics of goods determine whether they are privately or collectively consumed commodities. Although Samuelson does not propose a mandatory unambiguous link between types of consumption and types of ownership, his theory implies that in principle, private goods are consumed and owned privately and public goods are consumed and owned publicly. Thus, in Samuelson’s theory, institutions are redundant. This article maintains that people need institutions and organisations because resources are scarce, and most resources are too expensive for individual use/consumption. To access such resources, people form groups and create organisations and institutions, thereby reducing the individual costs of use and consumption. As complex systems, institutions generate complex property rights – common/collective to the members of an organisation, but private to that organisation (the union of members). Furthermore, institutions determine the patterns of interaction between planning and the market (as the two main mechanisms of exercising property rights) at all levels of the multilevel structure of organisations and society. The article argues that Buchanan’s theory of clubs offers a more accurate explanation of the nature of property rights as relevant to institutions.
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Knutsson, Hans, and Anna Thomasson. "Exploring organisational hybridity from a learning perspective." Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management 14, no. 4 (October 9, 2017): 430–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qram-04-2016-0030.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore if the application of a framework building on organisational learning focusing on organisational processes can increase our understanding of how hybrid organisation develops over time and why they fail to live up to external expectations. Design/methodology/approach The aim of this study is descriptive and explorative. It is accordingly designed as a qualitatively oriented case study. To capture the process of forming and developing hybrid organisations, the study takes a longitudinal approach. The case chosen for the study is a municipally owned company in Sweden providing waste management services. The study revolves around empirical data gathered in official documents and in face-to-face interviews. All the data concern the time span between 2004 and 2016. Findings The analysis of the case studied provides us with insights into how hybridity manifests itself in mind-set and processes. There is a need for individuals within and around the organisation to be aware of and accept new goals and strategies to change their behaviour accordingly. The result of this study thus shows that contrary to findings in previous research on hybrid organisations, merely changing the structure of the organisation is not sufficient. Instead, learning is key to the development of hybridity and to overcome goal incongruence and conflicts of interest in hybrid organisations. However, this takes time and is likely to be dependent on individuals’ willingness to accept and adapt these new strategies and goals. Research limitations/implications The result of this study is based on one single case study in one specific hybrid context. No empirical generalisation is aspired to. Instead, the aim has been to – through an explorative approach – make an analytical contribution to the knowledge about hybrid organisations. Further studies are thus necessary to deepen the understanding of the hybrid context and the situations under which hybrid organisations operate and develop. Practical implications Based on the result from this study, it seems that an organisation needs to learn how to be a hybrid organisation. There are no isolated structural solutions that can create a hybrid organisation other than in a formal sense. New ways to exploit organisational resources and the hybrid context are necessary to find new and innovative ways of how to use the hybrid context in a way that improves service sector delivery. Originality/value Predominately, research on hybrid organisations has until recently been working with the premise that hybrids are not a breed of its own but a mix of two or several ideal types. Consequently, the result from this type of research has often landed in a conclusion regarding the complexity of combining what often is considered contradictory and conflicting goals. In this paper, a different and novel approach is taken. The paper illustrates how hybrid organisations develop over time, and it suggests that hybridity manifests itself in mindset and processes. The main contribution is an exploration and illustration of how organisational learning may be considered as the missing link between the structural orientation of previous explanations of hybrid organisations and the organisational property of hybridity. Hybridity is the result of exposure to, acceptance of and adaptation to new goals and strategies and expresses itself in “hybrid behaviour”.
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Menzies, Jane, Lydia Xynas, Stuart Orr, and Mona Chung. "Intellectual Property, Business and China: Taking a Stand." Deakin Law Review 18, no. 1 (August 1, 2013): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/dlr2013vol18no1art59.
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Over the last 40 years, China has developed laws for the protection of intellectual property rights. Unfortunately, these laws have not been uniformly enforced, making such protection problematic for Australian and other foreign organisations wishing to do business in China. This article first scrutinises the current Chinese laws covering intellectual property protection. It then examines the outcomes of a qualitative study that addressed intellectual property protection issues faced by selected Australian organisations conducting business with Chinese counterparts located in China. Forty Australian business managers/owners from Australian companies having business relationships with Chinese firms were interviewed for this study. The findings show that protection issues are only relevant to certain types of businesses that have intellectual property to protect. Nevertheless, a number of the managers/owners interviewed believed that infringement threats were real and inevitable in China, and some had even experienced cases of copying. The study found that, despite such concerns, there was little evidence of organisations taking proactive and positive steps to adequately protect their intellectual property. In order to address this, the authors of this article have developed a protection strategy that incorporates the use of the law, together with firms’ organisational designs, so that foreign firms can protect their rights when interacting with the Chinese market.
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Munoz, Albert, Mathew Todres, and Laura Rook. "Empowering Organisations to Gain From Uncertainty: a Conceptualisation of Antifragility Through Leveraging Organisational Routines in Uncertain Environments." Australasian Business, Accounting and Finance Journal 15, no. 3 (2021): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v15i3.3.
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Economic shifts, disruptive innovations, and competitive rivalries continuously reshape the operating environment of organisations. Such uncertainty impacts organisations and raises significant challenges. While many organisations tend to respond to uncertainty by adopting loss minimisation strategies, others see uncertainty as an opportunity to achieve gains. The latter view is exemplified in Taleb’s (2012) concept of ‘antifragility’, a property of systems that gain when exposed to uncertainty. For organisations, the challenge lies in the identification and execution of fundamental artefacts to accomplish work to achieve antifragile outcomes. One such artefact is the organisational routine; repeatable, regular patterns of behaviour and actions that influence performance. This paper conceptualises the intersection between antifragility, uncertainty management, and organisational routines literatures to identify four routine archetypes that can guide actions that contribute to organisational antifragility. Theoretically, this paper identifies how these archetypes arise from the interplay between temporal action (as tendencies towards proactive or reactive action) and risk mitigation strategies (as preference towards redundancies or flexibilities). Developed insights bring forth a foundation for predictive models of performance, and guidance for organisations aiming to thrive, rather than just survive, in uncertain environments. This paper concludes with the identification of further research avenues.
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LUOMA, TUIJA, JAAKKO PAASI, and KATRI VALKOKARI. "INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN INTER-ORGANISATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS — FINDINGS FROM AN INTERVIEW STUDY." International Journal of Innovation Management 14, no. 03 (June 2010): 399–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919610002702.
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The paper describes findings from an interview study about intellectual property management practices in inter-organisational relationships. A total of 40 companies and public organisations in Finland and in the Netherlands were studied using semi-structured face-to-face interviews. The organisations represented different sizes and fields of industry. About 90% of the interviewed companies collaborated in their innovation efforts. However, the companies generally mentioned that the management of intellectual property and knowledge is very challenging when other actors are involved in parts of the innovation development process. Confidentiality agreements are typically used to ensure knowledge protection in these relationships. Patenting is important for about half of the companies, but joint patenting is not a common practice. Companies in Finland and in the Netherlands are seen to behave very similarly with regards to the collaboration activities and intellectual property (IP) management in these relationships.
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Then, Danny Shiem-Shin. "A PROACTIVE PROPERTY MANAGEMENT MODEL THAT INTEGRATES REAL ESTATE PROVISION AND FACILITIES SERVICES MANAGEMENT." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 9, no. 1 (March 31, 2005): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648715x.2005.9637524.
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The creation of suitable workplace environment to support employees in performing their tasks is becoming a key issue for many organisations faced with constant change. Numerous workplace strategies have evolved in recent years to provide for convenience and flexibility, as well as functionality and privacy. Problems usually arise at the implementation stage where organisation culture and practices often run counter to the need for innovation strategies. This paper contents that the creation of enabling workplace requires a proactive property management model that integrate real estate provision and facilities services management. The value contribution of real estate assets can only be optimised when the property/facilities professional takes on the responsibility of continuously providing appropriate facility solutions to business challenges. An essential prerequisite is the role of property/facilities management as the custodian and enabler of the corporate workplace environment. The focus of the research was to provide a business perspective to the role of real estate assets(property) in supporting the fulfilment of corporate business plans. Based a comprehensive survey of published literature and a series of in‐depth interviews of corporate real estate/property/facilities managers, an integrating resources management framework was developed to model the nature of interactions between strategic business planning and facility operations in an organisational setting.
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Roberts, Simon. "How Property Can Help Organisations Achieve their Objectives." Facilities 9, no. 3 (March 1991): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02632779110005566.
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Sharam, Andrea, Ian McShane, Lyndall Bryant, and Ashton De Silva. "The barriers to re-purposing not-for-profit real property assets." Property Management 34, no. 3 (June 20, 2016): 247–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pm-09-2015-0046.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the barriers to the re-purposing of under-utilised real property assets owned by Australian not-for-profit (“NFP”) organisations for affordable housing provision. Design/methodology/approach – Exploratory research was undertaken with five diverse (non-housing) NFP organisations. Findings – The research indicates that NFP organisations who are not principally engaged in housing provision, but hold surplus or under-utilised land and property assets, may be willing partners in affordable housing provision. However a range of institutional and structural barriers would need to be overcome for housing developments to occur on under-utilised NFP organisations land holdings. Research limitations/implications – The small scale of the study limits generalisation from the research findings. However, the findings point to an opportunity for innovation in housing land supply that warrants larger scale research. Practical implications – This research provides evidence that a source of well-located land is potentially available for future affordable housing provision, but that NFP organisations would require skills and financial resourcing in order to make their land available for this purpose. Social implications – Well-located land is a major cost input for the provision of affordable housing, and the re-purposing of NFP organisations land or assets for affordable housing could make a significant contribution to the stock of social housing. Originality/value – There has been no research on how NFP organisations view opportunities to repurpose their land for affordable housing despite this sector being actively encouraged to do so. This paper reports the first Australian study of dispositions and barriers to the re-use NFP organisations land assets.
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Lædre, Ola, Jardar Lohne, and Tore Haugen. "Internal rent – experiences from public sector in Norway." Facilities 34, no. 1/2 (February 1, 2016): 101–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-04-2014-0038.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the advantages and disadvantages of introducing internal rent and to find the main success factors when introducing internal rent. Design/methodology/approach – This paper’s analysis is based on experience from the introduction of internal rent models within four major Norwegian public organisations. The experience is documented after 19 semi-structured interviews with stakeholders representing the client organisations, property management and tenants. Findings – The major advantage consist in that internal rent compels the different users to discipline concerning the use of space and make them adapt their use to fit the real needs and demand for space suited for their primary activities. The main disadvantage of internal rent consists in the temporary organisational noise that results from the introduction and the permanent extra bureaucratic burden it causes. The success factors for introduction of internal rent are: the users need to perceive the model as of real importance, the property management must take in enough funds to assure reliable maintenance and the client needs to avoid that the tenants think the model is constructed to seize funds. Originality/value – The authors discuss a market-orientated approach to property management, namely, introducing internal rent models. It is more than a decade ago since internal rent was first introduced in the analysed public organisations. Now it is possible to identify the success factors – related to the advantages and disadvantages – from this introduction.
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Morrison, Nicola. "Selling the family silver? Institutional entrepreneurship and asset disposal in the English housing association sector." Urban Studies 54, no. 12 (July 1, 2016): 2856–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098016653874.
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The purpose of this paper is to shed light on English housing associations’ asset management strategies through an analysis of strategic decisions to either dispose of or retain valuable property assets. Drawing on the concept of institutional logics and the use of organisational archetypes, the paper identifies contrasting strategies that London-based housing associations have adopted in response to contemporary challenges. The first, classified as ‘defender’ organisations, represent those who choose to generally retain their stock to leverage finance for future house building and who, in principle, would not countenance property sales. Second, are organisations described as ‘analysers’ who offer pragmatic justifications for the disposal of properties, primarily on economic grounds, arguing that properties are no longer fit for purpose, with proceeds used for replacement stock. The last category represents those depicted as ‘prospectors’ who willingly dispose of their high-valued assets to generate stronger income streams and reposition themselves as institutional entrepreneurs within the housing sector. The paper argues that the strategic decisions taken by these ‘prospector’ housing associations have shaped an agenda, founded on institutional entrepreneurship, to which other organisations are forced to respond. In wider terms, the cumulative effects of selling valuable assets carry the risk of not only undermining core social principles but also potentially exacerbating socio-spatial segregation across the London area.
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Lansdown, Gerison. "UN Convention: Setting New Targets." Adoption & Fostering 16, no. 3 (October 1992): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030857599201600310.
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Until comparatively recently children in the UK were viewed as the property of their parents. However, the government's ratification of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child in December 1991 represents a turning point. Gerison Lansdown urges statutory and voluntary organisations to ‘adopt’ the Convention and examine their policies and practice to ensure that children's rights are properly addressed.
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Smorgunova, Valentina Yu, Аleksandra А. Dorskaya, and Tatyana V. Tolstukhina. "Legal regime for church property in Russia and the Baltic states." Baltic Region 10, no. 4 (2018): 60–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2018-4-4.
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In this article, we carry out a comparative analysis of the legal regimes for church property in the Baltic States and in Russia after the demise of the USSR,. We stress the significance of this problem for the newly established relations between the state and the religious organisations, for the conclusion of agreements between these actors, and for the development of the ideas of interdenominational peace and intergovernmental relations. In this study, we aim at identifying the similarities and differences between the legal regulation of the state/denomination relations regarding church property, as well as the economic component of these relations. We analyse the regulatory documents of Russia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia that enshrine the transfer (return) of the church property, which was seized illegally in the first Soviet years in Russia and during the incorporation of the Baltic republics into the USSR, to the religious organisations. We compare the restitution, which was carried out in the Baltics, with Russia’s moderate approach to the transfer of religious objects to religious organisations. We conclude that the international factor affects the resolution of the church property issue and that the economic benefits of the property transfer are unclear. The transfer of the church property is associated with additional expenditure incurred by the state. In conclusion, we consider the reasons why the complete transfer (return) of the church property seized in the Soviet period is impossible.
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Warren, Clive M. J., and Hera Antoniades. "Deconstructing the glass ceiling: gender equality in the Australian property profession." Property Management 34, no. 1 (February 15, 2016): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pm-09-2015-0049.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to export the role of professional bodies within the property industry in Australia in bringing about gender equality. In particular the policy objectives of the various professional bodies is analysed and contrasted with the level of genres equality demonstrated within the governance structures of the organisations at national and regional level. Design/methodology/approach – The paper analyses the annual reports of the leading property professional bodies in Australia to identify any gender equity policy objectives and to identify the balance between male and female representation in the governing boards of the associations. Findings – The research shows that while a few organisations have made some statements regarding the need for change to a more inclusive property industry these objectives are not reflected within the governance structure of the organisations. It is therefore evident that significant attitudinal and structural change will be required to bring about equality within the property industry. Research limitations/implications – The research is limited to the Australian property and construction industry and the relevant boards at national and state level. Practical implications – The paper highlights the need to address gender inequality at the senior management level within the professional associations that govern the property profession. The professional associations are uniquely placed to show leadership in promoting gender equality and should be adopting policy within the organisations charter to being about a shift in attitudes to women within management roles in the property industry. Social implications – The issue of gender equity is highly topical and this paper adds to the research in this area. It highlights the important role that professional associations could take in bringing about change, but reveals that many professional bodies have a worse gender balance at the governance level than many of their member firms. Originality/value – The paper is the first to analyse the gender mix within the professional bodies in Australia which govern and advise the property and construction industries. As such it reveals that little progress has been made in bringing about gender equality in the profession.
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Abdullah, Aida, and Sabitha Marican. "The Association between Big-Five Personality and Property Deviance." GATR Global Journal of Business Social Sciences Review 5, no. 2 (May 2, 2017): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2017.5.2(4).
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Objective - Property deviance is an inverse behaviour that has received widespread attention from all forms of organisations. This behaviour can be characterised as theft, embezzlement, bribery and corruption.The public sector has experiences wide exposure to this behaviour due to its prevalence among public sector employees. Thus, in this study, emphasis is given to the personality of the public administrator in identifying the contribution of personality in curbing property deviance. Methodology/Technique - The study was conducted on public organisations and questionnaires were distributed to public administrators using a convenience survey. The questionnaire uses the Big-Five Personality Dimensions developed by Lussier (2008), whilst the property deviance uses a three-item questionnaire developed by Robinson and Bennett (1995). Data was analysed through correlation analysis. Findings - The findings demonstrated that personality does contribute to property deviance, with all dimensions of personality having a significant negative association with property deviance. These findings highlight major implications for public organisations in identifying the personality of their staff, in order to control the rate of property deviance and establishing a system for translating these findings into action to be taken, in order for the existing staff and future employees to regulate desirable workplace behaviour. Novelty - The study suggests that screening should be conducted periodically in the selection process as well as in the form of employee training for staff with the personality traits found in people likely to engage in property deviance. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Property Deviance; Personality; Surgency; Conscientiousness; Agreeableness; Emotional Stability; Openness to Experience.
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Hornyacsek, Júlia, and Rudolf Tóth. "Characteristics of the Management of Protection Organisations and the Process of Command and Control Activities Performed on Incidents Sites." Hadtudományi Szemle 13, no. 4 (2020): 135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32563/hsz.2020.4.11.
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The effectiveness of protection activities heavily depends on managerial work and the leadership skills of a commander. This is of great importance, because managerial failure here also can mean the loss of human lives and property. In the article, the authors examine what requirements and expectations can be formulated for the management of protection organisations. Based on the study of the management practices of specific disasters, the study determines the elements and process of the command activities performed in an incident site. The authors analyse what leadership skills and competencies a leader in a given organisation must possess to succeed in protection work.
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Benda-Beckmann, Franz von, and Keebet von Benda-Beckmann. "Multiple Embeddedness and Systemic Implications: Struggles over Natural Resources in Minangkabau since the Reformasi." Asian Journal of Social Science 38, no. 2 (2010): 172–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853110x490881.
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AbstractThis article deals with struggles over natural resources in West Sumatra, the homeland of the Minangkabau after the end of the Suharto regime in 1998. In these processes, actors often follow ambiguous strategies in pursuing their interests. We argue that these ambiguities to a large extent derive from a combination of factors: One is the multiple embeddedness of property rights at different layers of social organisations, in particular in social and general legal relationships. The second is the systemic implication of property rights in other domains of social organisation, for instance, authority and power relations. The third is the specific complexity and concomitant legal insecurity within plural legal orders. Actors who draw on rules from different legal orders — for designing regulations, for validating transactions, and for making decisions in disputes — have to deal with the problem that property relations are embedded differently in different legal orders and have different logics and systemic implications. This often leads actors to a strange combination of highly legalistic reasoning and a very pragmatic search for solutions.
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Purves, Nigel, and Scott J. Niblock. "Predictors of corporate survival in the US and Australia: an exploratory case study." Journal of Strategy and Management 11, no. 3 (August 20, 2018): 351–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsma-06-2017-0044.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship of financial ratios and non-financial factors of successful and failed corporations in the USA. Specifically, the authors provide evidence on whether financial ratios and non-financial factors can be jointly included as indicators to improve the predictive capacity of organisational success or failure in different countries and sectors. Design/methodology/approach The paper utilises a mixed method exploratory case study focussing on listed corporations in the US and Australian manufacturing, agriculture, finance and property sectors. Findings The financial ratio findings demonstrate that (with the exception of the failed Australian manufacturing sector) the integrated multi-measure (IMM) ratio approach consistently provides a higher classification rate for the failed and successful groups than those provided by an individual measure. In all cases the IMM method scored higher for US companies (with the exception of the failed Australian property sector). The findings also show that irrespective of the country location or sector, non-financial factors such as board composition and managements’ involvement in organisational strategy impact on a corporation’s success or failure. Practical implications The findings reveal that non-financial factors occur prior to financial ratios when attempting to predict organisational success or failure and the IMM approach enables a more thorough examination of the predictive ability of financial ratios for US and Australian organisations. This intuitively indicates that when combined with financial ratios, non-financial factors may be a useful predictor of corporate success or failure across countries and sectors. Originality/value Sound internal processes and the identification of both financial ratios and non-financial factors can be utilised to improve the reliability of financial failure models, enable corrective and preventative steps to be implemented by management and potentially reduce the costs of failure for US and Australian organisations.
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Kupriyanova, L. M. "Effective Model of Intellectual Property Commercialization." World of new economy 13, no. 1 (December 6, 2019): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2220-6469-2019-13-1-104-110.
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The sphere of scientific and technical activity in our country is one of the most difficult in terms of regulatory and legislative support. At the moment, the state has not fully taken the steps necessary to transform scientific and technical activities into a full-fledged branch of the national economy. Indeed, the state is obliged to pay attention to scientific and technical activities, to create a legal framework that promotes the commercialisation of research and development results. Today, Russian organisations face problems related to the need to determine further ways of business development in the conditions of a significant reduction in export potential and increased competition in the domestic market. The successful solution of these problems, as well as ensuring the necessary level of competitiveness of products is impossible without the formation of a socially-oriented innovative development model based on the use of modern methods of management of innovative processes. One of the main instruments of formation of strategic potential of each enterprise (organisation) becomes introduction in the economic circulation of the saved-up scientific and technical potential, new technologies and knowledge. In this regard, the problems of involvement of intellectual property (IP) in the economic turnover of enterprises, its objective assessment, regulation of legal relations between the participants of innovations, registration and conclusion of license agreements are of particular relevance and require urgent solutions. This article is aimed at research of scientific and practical bases of management of processes of commercialisation of IP in the conditions of market model of development. The purpose of the study is to substantiate and develop scientific and practical bases of management of IP commercialisation processes, which is a necessary condition for the transition to an innovative model of its development and competitiveness in market conditions.
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Kumar, Mrityunjay, Ayesha Fatma, and Nalin Bharti. "Access to Medicines and Medical Equipment during COVID-19: Searching Compatibility between the WTO and the WHO." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 78, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 68–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09749284211068461.
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Affordable access to medicines is a key determinant of a country’s resilience to health crises. The modern hyper-connected international trade and production networks have a vital role to play in ensuring this accessibility, especially in the context of a pandemic. This article focuses on medicines and medical equipment and analyses the synergistic role of the two international organisations—The World Trade Organisation (WTO) and The World Health Organisation (WHO), in assuring affordable access to these goods globally. WHO is responsible for global healthcare regulations; however, the medical supply chain originates in a few developed countries, manufactured in bulk (in case of medicine) at low cost in developing countries, and finally traded worldwide. Here, the role of WTO comes in where it facilitates global trade cooperation and intellectual property rights monitoring, both key elements in medical goods production and trading. Despite the need for cooperation in mitigating COVID-19, much of the global response to COVID-19 has been fragmented and inward-looking. This lack of coordination has serious repercussions especially for developing countries. We use qualitative content analysis methodology, connecting concepts of cooperation theory and global governance to identify the joint role of the two organisations in fostering global cooperation in medical goods accessibility.
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Remøy, Hilde, and Theo J.M. van der Voordt. "Priorities in accommodating office user preferences: impact on office users decision to stay or go." Journal of Corporate Real Estate 16, no. 2 (May 6, 2014): 140–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcre-09-2013-0029.
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Purpose – When current accommodation is unsatisfactory, office organisations consider relocating to new accommodation that optimally facilitates their main processes and supports image and financial yield. However, due to high vacancy levels, public opinion and governmental awareness oppose new office construction. Reusing existing buildings could be the egg of Columbus. This paper aims at answering the questions: which property characteristics are important push and pull factors for relocation? What does this mean for the decision: stay or go? Design/methodology/approach – A literature review of factors determining organisations' accommodation choices was conducted. Interviews were held with large-scale office organisations and creative organisations, discussing relocation drivers. Henceforth, a survey was held among creative organisations, collecting data about property characteristics important for their preferences. Finally, office user preferences were compared with characteristics of structurally vacant buildings. Findings – Traditional push factors like car accessibility, extension need, and location and building image remain important. Nowadays sustainability issues like reducing energy consumption and better public transportation accessibility are highly prioritised pull factors as well. Regarding the creative industries, bike- and public transportation accessibility, multi-tenancy, and ICT and meeting facilities are most important. Practical implications – Knowing office users' preferences is important to attract and retain stable tenants. If office space supply is highly aligned to end-users' demands and easily adaptable to changing needs, probably more organisations will decide to stay instead of go, leaving behind empty offices. Originality/value – This study combines data about push and pull factors with relocation decision-making, innovatively focussing on the creative industries. The data can be used to explore opportunities and risks of adaptive re-use of the existing building stock.
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Jylha, Tuuli, and Seppo Junnila. "PARTNERSHIP PRACTICES AND THEIR IMPACT ON VALUE CREATION – REFLECTIONS FROM LEAN MANAGEMENT." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 18, no. 1 (March 21, 2014): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648715x.2013.863813.
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The trend of outsourcing operational property management services by the property owners has had a prominent role in the Finnish real estate sector. At the same time, value creation has been scattered across many players such as the owner, the property manager and several service providers. This paper aims to analyse the value creation practices and mechanisms between two partners, a real estate owner and its property management company, in order to assess the current value creation. The assessment is based on a lean partnering framework presented by Lamming (1993). The customers are office tenants in the Helsinki business district. The case findings showed that the expected customer value was challenging to deliver, because waste activities disrupted the value creation. The partners had also adapted some of the value creation practices differently, which caused turbulence in value creation. In addition, the partners had missed the power of doing improvements jointly, but prefer to use bidding to establish value creation. However, through lean thinking the organisations found a much-needed new approach to develop their partnership. The principles of lean management made the problem clearer and enabled the organisations to start dealing with the relevant challenges.
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Harris, Rob. "New organisations and new workplaces." Journal of Corporate Real Estate 18, no. 1 (April 4, 2016): 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcre-10-2015-0026.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to outline key changes occurring within office occupier businesses that will have a medium- to long-term impact upon the nature and design of the office workplace, and the implications for the corporate real estate manager. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based upon research involving detailed consultations with corporate occupiers in the City of London, as well as representatives of the property supply chain. This has been developed here to include practical experience and to relate the lessons of the work directly to corporate real estate management. Findings The findings suggest major changes are taking place in the demand profile of office occupiers, in terms of both quantitative and qualitative demand for space. There are a number of practical implications arising from the findings, not least the need for investors to consider the appropriateness of current standards for base building design and fit-out in contemporary offices, and the need for corporate real estate management to adapt. Practical implications The paper contains a number of implications arising from the changing workplace for the corporate real estate management profession. Originality/value The paper reflects direct practical experience and the output of primary research and consulting. It is also highly relevant: while much has been written about agile working, much less has covered the practical implications for building design and corporate real estate management.
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Azmi, Ahmad Shazrin Mohamed, Abdul Hadi Nawawi, Siti Nur Farhana Ab Latif, and Nur Lesya Firsya Johaimi Ling. "Knowledge Management Obstacles in Real Estate (Valuation) Organisations: Towards Quality Property Services." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 202 (August 2015): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.08.219.
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Jelisavac, Sanja. "International regulation of intellectual property rights." Medjunarodni problemi 56, no. 2-3 (2004): 279–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp0403279j.
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Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind: inventions, literary and works of art, as well as symbols, names, images, and designs that are used in commerce. Intellectual property is divided into two categories industrial property, which includes inventions (patents), trademarks industrial designs, and geographic indications of source; and copyright which includes literary and works of art such as novels, poems and plays films, musical works, works of art such as drawings, paintings, photographs and sculptures, and architectural designs. Rights related to copyright include those of performing artists in their performances, producers of phonograms in their recordings, and those of broadcasters in their radio and television programmes. 1883 marked the birth of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, the first major international treaty designed to help the people from one country obtain protection in other countries for their intellectual creations in the form of industrial property rights, known as: inventions (patents), trademarks, industrial designs. In 1886, copyright entered the international arena with the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works. The aim of this Convention was to help nationals of its member States obtain international protection of their right to control, and receive payment for the use of their creative works such as: novels, short stories, poems plays; songs, operas, musicals, sonatas; and drawings, paintings sculptures, architectural works. The Universal Copyright Convention (UCC) was adopted in 1952 and formalised in 1955, as a complementary agreement to the Berne Convention. The UCC membership included the United States, and many developing countries that did not wish to comply with the Berne Convention, since they viewed its provisions as overly favourable to the developed world. Patent Cooperation Treaty, signed on June 19,1970, provides for the filing of a single international patent application which has the same effect as national applications filed in the designated countries. An applicant seeking protection may file one application and request protection in as many signatory states as needed. On November 6, 1925, the Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs was adopted within the framework of the Paris Convention. Under the provisions of the Hague Agreement, any person entitled to effect an international deposit has the possibility of obtaining, by means of a single deposit protection for his industrial designs in a number of States with a minimum of formalities and of expense. The system of international registration of marks is governed by two treaties, the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks, which dates from 1891, and the Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement that was adopted in 1989. It entered into force on December 1, 1995, and came into operation on April 1, 1996. The reason for adopting the much more recent Protocol, following the original Madrid Agreement of 1891 (last amended at Stockholm in 1967), was the absence from the Madrid Union of some of the major countries in the trademark field, for example, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. The Protocol is intended to make the Madrid system acceptable to more countries. The Rome Convention consists basically of the national treatment that a State grants under its domestic law to domestic performances, phonograms and broadcasts. Apart from the rights guaranteed by the Convention itself as constituting that minimum of protection, and subject to specific exceptions or reservations allowed for by the Convention, performers, producers of phonograms and broadcasting organisations to which the Convention applies, enjoy in Contracting States the same rights as those countries grant to their nationals. The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is an international organisation dedicated to promoting the use and protection of works of the human spirit. These works, intellectual property, are expanding the bounds of science and technology and enriching the world of the arts. Through its work, WIPO plays an important role in enhancing the quality and enjoyment of life, as well as creating real wealth for nations. In 1974, WIPO became a specialised agency of the United Nations system of organisations, with a mandate to administer intellectual property matters recognised by the member states of the UN. With headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, WIPO is one of the 16 specialised agencies of the United Nations system of organisations. It administers 21 international treaties dealing with different aspects of intellectual property protection. The Organisation counts 177 nations as member states. One of the successes of the Uruguay Round of trade negotiations was the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS Agreement), which came into effect on 1 January 1995, and up to date it the most comprehensive multilateral agreement on intellectual property. The TRIPS Agreement is a minimum standards agreement, which allows Members to provide more extensive protection of intellectual property if they wish so. Members are left free to determine the appropriate method of implementing the provisions of the Agreement within their own legal system and practice On January 1, 1996, an Agreement Between the World Intellectual Property Organization and the World Trade Organization entered into force. It provides for cooperation concerning the implementation of the TRIPS Agreement, such as notification of laws and regulations and legal-technical assistance and technical co-operation in favour of developing countries. In the 21st century intellectual property will play an increasingly important role at the international stage. Works of the mind - intellectual property such as inventions, designs, trademarks, books, music, and films, are now used and enjoyed on every continent on the earth. In the new millennium international protection of intellectual property rights faces many new challenges; one of the most urgent is the need for states to adapt to and benefit from rapid and wide-ranging technological change, particularly in the field of information technology and the Internet.
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Haigh, John. "Further counterexamples to the monotonicity property of t-step maintainable structures." Journal of Applied Probability 29, no. 2 (June 1992): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3214580.
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Until Guerry's (1990) counterexample to a conjecture of Davies about three-state hierarchical organisations kept at constant size via annual promotion, wastage and recruitment, it was easy to believe that such structures maintainable in t steps would also be maintainable in t + 1 steps. Here we present further counterexamples, which show that t-step maintainability does not imply (t + 1)-step maintainability, for astonishingly large values of t.
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Haigh, John. "Further counterexamples to the monotonicity property of t-step maintainable structures." Journal of Applied Probability 29, no. 02 (June 1992): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021900200043187.
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Until Guerry's (1990) counterexample to a conjecture of Davies about three-state hierarchical organisations kept at constant size via annual promotion, wastage and recruitment, it was easy to believe that such structures maintainable in t steps would also be maintainable in t + 1 steps. Here we present further counterexamples, which show that t-step maintainability does not imply (t + 1)-step maintainability, for astonishingly large values of t.
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Fredriksson, Martin, and James Arvanitakis. "Piracy, Property and the Crisis of Democracy." JeDEM - eJournal of eDemocracy and Open Government 7, no. 1 (October 23, 2015): 134–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29379/jedem.v7i1.365.
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A political battle is being waged over the use and control of culture and information. While media companies and copyright organisations argue for stricter intellectual property laws, a growing body of citizens challenge the contemporary IP-regime. This has seen a political mobilisation of piracy. Pirate parties see themselves as a digital civil rights movement, defending the public domain and the citizen’s right to privacy against copyright expansionism and increased surveillance. Since the first pirate party was formed in Sweden in 2006, similar parties have emerged across the world. This article draws on a study of the culture and ideology of copyright resistance, through interviews with pirate party representatives in Europe and North America. It focuses on challenges to democracy, and the distinction between public and private property and spaces, in the wake of the war on terror and the global financial crisis.
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Houÿez, François. "High Price Medicines and Health Budgets: The Role Patients’ and Consumers’ Organisations Can Play." European Journal of Health Law 27, no. 3 (May 18, 2020): 309–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718093-bja10008.
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Abstract Healthcare systems face challenges due to budget constraints, complex therapies, and new treatments for rare diseases. One of the most successful patient advocacy campaigns of all times was initiated by people living with HIV and AIDS in African countries. Facing industry giants, they won court cases allowing governments to ignore intellectual property rights when the price of a medicine was abnormally high. This led to the approval of the international ‘Agreement on Trade Related aspects of Intellectual Property Rights’, which contributed to improving the availability of AIDS treatments for millions of people. Beyond this successful patient advocacy campaign, patient organisations have an important role to play in national discussions on prices of treatments and pharmaceuticals, especially for rare diseases. This article first discusses the specificity of the pricing of orphan medicinal products, and then provides an overview of some of the important actions that can be carried out by patients’ organisations.
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Cock, Robert, and Nick French. "Internal rents and corporate property management." Journal of Corporate Real Estate 3, no. 3 (July 1, 2001): 270–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14630010110811634.
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Research in the late 1980s showed that in many corporate real estates users were not fully aware of the full extent of their property holdings. In many cases, not only was the value of the holdings unknown, but there was uncertainty over the actual extent of ownership within the portfolio. This resulted in a large number of corporate occupiers reviewing their property holdings during the 1990s, initially to create a definitive asset register, but also to benefit from more efficient use of space. Good management of corporately owned property assets is of equal importance to the management of other principal resources within the company. A comprehensive asset register can be seen as the first step towards a rational property audit. For the effective, efficient and economic delivery of services, it is vital that all property holdings are utilised to the best advantage. This requires that the property provider and the property user are both fully conversant with the value of the property holding and that an asset/internal rent/charge is made accordingly. The advantages of internal rent charging are twofold. First, it requires the occupying department to ‘contribute’ an amount to the business equivalent to the open market rental value of the space that it occupies. This prevents the treating of space as a free good and, as an individual profit centre, each department will then rationalise its holdings to minimise its costs. The second advantage is from a strategic viewpoint: by charging an asset rent, the holding department can identify the performance of its real estate holdings. This can then be compared to an internal or external benchmark to help determine whether the company has adopted the most efficient tenure pattern for its properties. rents by UK‐based corporate businesses and explains internal rents as a form of transfer pricing in the context of management and responsibility accounting. The research finds that the majority of charging organisations introduced internal rents primarily to help calculate true profits at the business unit level. However, less than 10 per cent of the charging organisations introduced internal rents primarily to capture the return on assets within the business. There was also a sizeable element of the market who had no plans to introduce internal rents. Here, it appears that, despite academic and professional views that internal rents are beneficial in improving the efficient use of property, opinion at the business and operational level has not universally accepted this proposition. This paper investigates the use of internal
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Kan, Karita. "The social politics of dispossession: Informal institutions and land expropriation in China." Urban Studies 57, no. 16 (February 13, 2020): 3331–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098019897880.
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Extant studies on land dispossession often focus on its economic and extra-economic aspects, with respective emphasis on the operation of market mechanisms and the deployment of state-led coercion in bringing about the separation of households from their land. This article draws attention to the under-examined role of informal institutions in the politics of dispossession. Social organisations such as lineages and clans pervade grassroots societies and are central to land control and configurations of property rights. In China, the reconsolidation of lineages as shareholding corporations that develop real estate and operate land transfers has rendered them prominent actors in the politics of land and urbanisation. Drawing on an empirical case study, this article argues that informal institutions play a crucial role in mediating both the economic and extra-economic processes of dispossession. It further shows how, by providing the networks necessary for collective mobilisation and supplying the normative framework through which rightful shares in land are claimed, social organisations are at the same time instrumental in the organisation of anti-dispossession struggles. By unravelling the social dynamics that underlie land expropriation, this article offers a nuanced perspective to the politics of dispossession that goes beyond narratives of state-led coercion and market compulsion.
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Turok, Ivan, Andreas Scheba, and Justin Visagie. "Can social housing help to integrate divided cities?" Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society 15, no. 1 (November 10, 2021): 93–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsab031.
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Abstract Social housing has the potential to contribute to economic inclusion and urban integration if it is well-located. However, this is complicated by economic forces that shape land and property markets and constrain the ability of social housing organisations to afford suitable sites for development on the open market. The paper shows how South Africa’s transformative vision for social housing has been diluted by the gradual spatial drift of projects from the accessible urban core towards outlying areas. Poor coordination has meant that social housing organisations have operated in relative isolation without the consistent government support required to obtain surplus public land in well-situated areas.
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Nkoane, Paul. "Unpacking the Laundry Machine: Why Is Dirty Money in the Social Club?" African Journal of Legal Studies 11, no. 2-3 (September 16, 2018): 254–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17087384-12340035.
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AbstractThe article provides an overview of the methods accepted to be critical for the laundering of illicit property, i.e. placement, layering, and integration. This is done to inform the reader of the obscurity the methods provide to illicit property and the possible costs involved. It is submitted that these typical methods would only be necessary when organised criminals launder huge sums of money. The article illustrates that when laundering relatively smaller amounts criminals prefer other cheaper methods to achieve the same end. The article, therefore, undertakes an objective analysis of the techniques of money laundering likely to be orchestrated in the South African social clubs schemes. The focus is on social organisations that engage in collecting money from members to deposit into a single account for a common goal. These organisations are termed stokvels. It is submitted that some of the collected amounts may not come from licit activities and may be highly difficult to identify. The article analyses the reason why people use social clubs and proposes methods that could be used to stall the refining of illicit money in such schemes.
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Sundin, Heidi, and David Andrew Brown. "Greening the black box: integrating the environment and management control systems." Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 30, no. 3 (March 20, 2017): 620–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-03-2014-1649.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to adopt an agency theory approach to investigate the integration of environmental issues into management control systems (MCS). Prior environmental accounting research has focussed on increasing organisations’ environmental accountability by “monitoring” through external reporting to stakeholders. However, this overlooks the alignment of agents’ interests within the firm. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative case study is undertaken in a large Australian listed property trust to investigate how agents’ interests may be integrated with environmental objectives through the use of MCS. Findings From the case an analytical framework is developed to illustrate how environmental issues are incorporated into organisational behaviour through MCS. The findings include, single objective environmental MCS; multiple objective MCS, which include priorities that specify environmental and economic trade-offs; and balancing MCS, which provide overarching decision-making principles without priorities. Practical implications The findings provide examples of how an organisation may integrate environmental issues across a range of MCS and the things to consider in doing so. Originality/value This paper draws on an agency perspective as an approach to incorporate environmental issues into MCS and to align behaviour. It explains a new way in which tensions can be managed. This study is one of the first to adopt the control package approach in investigating the incorporation of environmental issues in MCS.
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Khamkanya, Thadsin, and Brian Sloan. "FLEXIBLE WORKING IN SCOTTISH LOCAL AUTHORITY PROPERTY: DEVELOPING A COMBINED RESOURCE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 12, no. 3 (September 30, 2008): 183–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648-715x.2008.12.183-202.
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As indicated in Government reports and previous research, the traditional office environment of both central and local governments has been occupied with high occupancy cost. Flexible working supported by information and communication technology, human resource, and workspace management has emerged as a modern concept for managing office resources. Workspace management models covering both activity‐based working area and portfolio flexibility are developed to assist an organisation to allocate staff and working area more flexibly and efficiently. However, public organisations like Scottish Local Authorities (SLAs) are unlikely to fully adopt commercial workspace management models. Therefore, the concept of a combined resource management strategy has been introduced to assist the Authorities in considering adoption in financial/economic terms before taking‐up of flexible working in practice. Santrauka Kaip rodo Vyriausybės ataskaitos ir ankstesnis tyrimas, ir centrinės, ir vietos valdžios tradiciniuose biuruose daug dėmesio skirta didelėms turto valdymo sąnaudoms. Lankstus grafi kas, pagrįstas informacinių ir komunikacinių technologijų, žmogiškųjų išteklių ir darbo vietos vadyba, atsirado kaip modernus biuro išteklių valdymo būdas. Jau yra darbo vietos valdymo modelių, kurie apima ir su veikla susijusią darbo vietą, ir portfelio lankstumą, leidžia organizacijai lanksčiau ir efektyviau paskirstyti darbuotojus bei biurų plotą. Tačiau mažai tikėtina, kad valstybinės organizacijos, pavyzdžiui, Škotijos vietos valdžia, perims nepakeistus komercinius darbo vietos valdymo modelius. Todėl pristatyta kombinuotos išteklių vadybos strategijos idėja, kuri padėtų valdžiai apsvarstyti modelių taikymą fi nansine ir ekonomine prasme prieš realiai imantis lankstaus darbo.
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Bailey, Matthew. "Content, digitisation and intellectual property rights: an institutional perspective." Art Libraries Journal 35, no. 4 (2010): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200016606.
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Cultural institutions the world over share certain key characteristics: the care of the items in their collection, the means of enabling access to these items, and the task of sustaining their ability to do both of these things. In the past decade, digitisation and supply of digital content has become increasingly important for museums and galleries wanting to disseminate their content to a global audience. What processes are involved in doing this, and how have they impacted on organisations and their working practices? What role do intellectual property rights play in this, and what are the associated challenges and opportunities in this area? This article will present the perspective of the National Portrait Gallery, London, investigating the history of its digitisation activities and its ongoing commitment to access and responsible IPR management through Picture Library licensing and image management activities.
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PAASI, JAAKKO, TUIJA LUOMA, KATRI VALKOKARI, and NARI LEE. "KNOWLEDGE AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY MANAGEMENT IN CUSTOMER–SUPPLIER RELATIONSHIPS." International Journal of Innovation Management 14, no. 04 (August 2010): 629–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919610002805.
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The purpose of the paper is to empirically study firms' practises of knowledge and intellectual property (IP) management in customer–supplier relationships. The work applies the qualitative methodology of multiple case studies, and the material was collected in semi-structured interviews with management personnel at 36 organisations in Finland and in the Netherlands. Almost every firm had innovation relationships with their customers and suppliers, but the forms these relationships took, and the kinds of practices they involved, varied greatly. As a result, the firms considered the management of knowledge and IP in these relationships very challenging. We argue that by distinguishing knowledge management in the exploration phase of new business from knowledge management in the exploitation phase of innovation outcome, the firms could manage the knowledge and IP better. Accordingly, the paper introduces three propositions to support the knowledge and IP management in customer–supplier relationships.
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Rialti, Riccardo, Giacomo Marzi, Andrea Caputo, and Kayode Abraham Mayah. "Achieving strategic flexibility in the era of big data." Management Decision 58, no. 8 (March 18, 2020): 1585–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-09-2019-1237.
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PurposeThis research unpacks the micro-mechanisms that exist between an organisation's ability to conduct big data analytics (BDA) and its achievement of strategic flexibility. Knowledge management capabilities and organisational ambidexterity have long been considered factors influencing the aforementioned relationship. In order to assess this, the authors build on dynamic capabilities as the main theoretical lens through which to examine.Design/methodology/approachStructural equation modelling (SEM) is the main methodological approach used in this research. A structural model was developed and tested based on 215 survey responses collected from managers of organisations in continental Europe.FindingsThe results indicate that BDA capabilities are a significant antecedent of an organisation's strategic flexibility. This relationship, however, is influenced by knowledge management capabilities and ambidexterity.Practical implicationsManagers wishing to properly exploit the potential of big data should invest in the elaboration of knowledge management processes across their organisation. This strategy can foster strategic flexibility.Originality/valuePrevious research has explored the theoretical links between big data, knowledge management and strategic flexibility. However, little attention has been paid to the quantitative investigation of the phenomenon.
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Gayani Fernando, Nirodha, Dilanthi Amaratunga, and Richard Haigh. "The career advancement of the professional women in the UK construction industry." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 12, no. 1 (February 25, 2014): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-04-2012-0018.
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Purpose – This paper aims to explore and investigate the career success of professional women in the UK construction industry. Design/methodology/approach – The aim of the research was set following the literature review and synthesis, after which a multiple case study approach is adopted to conduct exploratory case studies among professional women in the UK construction industry. A mixed method design was used for data collection, whereby qualitative data were collected in the first study and quantitative data were collected in the second study. The researcher adopted this sequence in order to gather qualitative data and analysis of a relatively unexplored area of career success factors of professional women in the UK construction industry. The results from the qualitative method were used, along with a relevant literature review, to develop the focus and questions in the quantitative phase of the study. The individuals in the first stage of data collection were not the same participants as those in the second stage, because the purpose of the quantitative study was to generalise the results to a population. Findings – The results indicated that soft skills are very important for career success, while hard skills are essential thereafter for professional women in the UK construction industry. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop soft skills in order to advance the women's professional careers. Further, the results indicated that age and gender are the least important career success factors for women in construction. The ability to work with people, taking opportunities, confidence, adaptability, communication skills, dedication, competence, focus, supportive line management, integrity, leadership skills, ability to bring teams together, good mix of skills, honesty, networking, intelligence and logically approaching business problems identified as the critical career success factors. Research limitations/implications – The construction industry is limited to organisations that construct buildings and infrastructure, and those involved in property development. These organisations comprise client, contractor and consultancy organisations. Practical implications – The findings of the paper are useful to human resource development managers to understand and improve organisational training and development plans, which help to advance the career of professional women. By doing so, organisations could recruit and retain more professional women in the construction industry. Therefore, recruiting and retaining more professional women in the organisation helps to enhance productivity in the industry and to enhance their health and well being in society at large. Originality/value – The value of this paper is twofold. First, this study contributes to fill the knowledge gap in career success factors of professional women in the UK construction industry. Second, this empirical research will have implications in the identification of different training and development activities to advance the careers of women in the UK construction industry.
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Tidd, Joe. "Complexity, Networks & Learning: Integrative Themes for Research on Innovation Management." International Journal of Innovation Management 01, no. 01 (March 1997): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919697000024.
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Research on the management of innovation has been highly fragmented, and to a large extent non-cumulative. Much of the research has been conducted within three separate disciplines, with relatively little overlap or interaction: the management of research and development or technology; new product development and marketing; and organisational development and change. In this paper, we identify a number of emergent themes which have the potential to integrate these diverse streams of research, and result in a more comprehensive model of the innovation process: complexity, networks and learning. We argue that the innovation process is inherently complex, and therefore we need better characterisations of the technological, market and organisational contingencies which affect the opportunity for innovation. With growing complexity, the focus shifts from competencies based on internal assets such as R&D activities and intellectual property, to the position of a firm within an innovation network and competencies based on its relationships with other organisations. Finally, too much research has been pre-occupied with how firms develop and exploit narrow competencies based on prior experience, rather than how firms acquire new competencies. A focus on organisational learning may provide a richer explanation of the organisational factors which affect the acquisition of new technological and market knowledge.
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Sagieva, Galina, and Maxim Kotsemir. "Measuring technological level of organisations: methodological approaches and assessment." foresight 20, no. 4 (August 13, 2018): 416–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/fs-03-2018-0026.
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Purpose The paper aims to present the results of the first Russian pilot study on technological level of organisations upon the answers of 2,500 respondents out of nine sectors of economy to a broad specialised questionnaire. The purpose of the study is to assess the technological level of organisations on the basis of qualitative information that comprehensively reflects its most important characteristics, as well as identify factors that affect the technological level of production. Design/methodology/approach It offers a look at which methodological approaches were developed and what the survey shows on characteristics of the application of technology (the scope and extent of the application, level of technology, the problems solved by applying specific types of technology) and the application of intellectual property rights. Findings The paper also highlights some interesting findings that suggest that the majority of national organisations tend to pursue technological self-sufficiency strategies and quite a large part of them are not active in either domestic or foreign Science & Tecnology markets. Originality/value An originality lies in the proposed methodological approaches of the study, in the selected indicators of progressivity and the scale of application of technology related to the level of production capacities of the surveyed medium and large enterprises and organisations. This identifies significant incentives for organisations to increase their technology level as well as competitive advantages for the respondents themselves and for their competitors.
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Adeniyi, Onaopepo, Pavithra Rathnasiri, Olugbenga Timo Oladinrin, and Muhammad Qasim Rana. "Strategic Capabilities for Enhancing the Flood Resilience of Business Premises: An Expert Review and Lessons from Case Studies." Sustainability 14, no. 16 (August 9, 2022): 9814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14169814.
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Sustainable development entails socio-economic wellbeing, which is often threatened by weather hazards. Indeed, the need to minimise the adverse impact of climate change and extreme weather events cannot be overstressed. Notably, damage to the built environment by extreme weather and its consequential effects is highly significant. This emphasises the need for a climate-resilient built environment. Thus, this study derived the strategic capability areas required by business organisations to achieve the flood resilience of their built environment. The research method involved rounds of review by a carefully selected team of experts, and the review of lessons from four case studies. Twenty-six capability areas were identified from literature but were consolidated to nineteen at the end of data collection and analysis. The capability areas covered how properties are used and managed as well as the actual fabric and design of business premises/properties. The capability areas included awareness and understanding of flood risk to property, review for a flood resilience scheme, product acquisition for flood risk management, dynamic stakeholder identification and strong network, maintenance and post-flood management scheme, physical characteristics of the property and business data management. Professionals and business organisations can use the outcome of this study as a guide for business premises flood resilience enhancement planning and decision making.
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Zotikov, N. Z. "Taxes and payments paid by individuals, the impact on their financial situation." Vestnik Universiteta, no. 6 (July 28, 2022): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2022-6-140-149.
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In accordance with the current tax legislation, on an equal footing with organisations and individual entrepreneurs, individuals who do not have income from business pay taxes on income from labor activities in organisations and taxes on property they own: transport, land, and personal property tax, as well as other non-tax payments (housing and communal services, etc.). The article analyses the role and importance of taxes paid by individuals in the budgets of various levels, non-tax mandatory payments, their impact on the financial situation of individuals. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the payment of taxes and mandatory payments worsen the financial situation of taxpayers – individuals, and the fight against poverty has been declared a priority task of the state and local authorities. The study found that individuals, including non-working pensioners, bear a significant financial burden, which is caused, among other things, by the inability to shift the responsibility for paying taxes to someone, and therefore the number of people whose incomes are less than the subsistence level does not decrease, differentiation of the population does not decrease in terms of income. Recommendations on compensatory instruments to increase the income of the population are made.
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Mainelli, Michael. "Learn from insurance: cyber bore." Journal of Risk Finance 14, no. 1 (December 28, 2012): 100–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/15265941311288130.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to look at how cyber insurance markets might work with the backing of government reinsurance.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on interviews and workshops on cyber security, cyber terrorism and cyber crime.FindingsThe paper links a successful 1990s' approach to property terrorism risk to helping address cyber risk.Originality/valueOf note, the author suggests that cyber risk is under control when organisations at risk can purchase normal insurances.
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Bieńkowska, Agnieszka. "Controlling Effectiveness Model — empirical research results regarding the influence of controlling on organisational performance." Engineering Management in Production and Services 12, no. 3 (October 15, 2020): 28–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/emj-2020-0017.
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AbstractThe article aims to explain how controlling influences an organisation as a whole, considering the job performance of employees and managers. It describes the development and verification of the Controlling Effectiveness Model, which characterises the impact, the place of each variable and the direction of each relationship in the effort to shape organisational performance. The hypothesis was verified with the help of empirical research, which was conducted with 264 organisations operating in Poland. The survey took place in October 2019. The authors of the article used the CAWI method. Efforts had been made to ensure a diversified research sample encompassing various organisational characteristics. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and the sequentially mediated regression model were used to verify the hypothesis. The empirical research allowed confirming a statistically significant indirect impact of the quality of controlling on organisational performance. This relationship depends on the job performance of managers and employees. The analysis of the impact made by controlling on the job performance of employees and managers as we as the organisational performance resulted in a mediation model (the Controlling Effectiveness Model) and confirmed the effect of controlling on organisational performance through the impact on job performance of managers and employees. The article has practical implications. The organisations that decide to implement controlling should focus on the quality of this management support method. It is not enough to simply implement controlling as organisations need to ensure the correct implementation. In this context, it is also relevant to properly shape functional, organisational and instrumental controlling solutions (tailored to the characteristics of the organisation as a whole, as well as to the environmental conditions, under which the organisation operates), which determine the quality of controlling.
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Lauser, Bärbel. "Post‐merger integration and change processes from a complexity perspective." Baltic Journal of Management 5, no. 1 (January 12, 2010): 6–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17465261011016531.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse change processes in the post‐merger integration (PMI) phase from a complexity theory perspective. Therefore, it looks at the merged organisation as a complex adaptive system (CAS).Design/methodology/approachPost‐merger situations borrowed from literature and a one‐day expert workshop with integration managers are related to the characteristics of CASs. During the workshop, data of the change process in different PMI phases are collected and the integration activities are analysed with a coded event history analysis.FindingsChange processes in the PMI phase are very complex and the newly merged organisations experience tension and non‐linear behaviour, but positive self‐organisation, a major property of CASs, cannot always emerge as the required prerequisites are sometimes not given.Research limitations/implicationsInsights of the workshop are limited to personal statements of the participants. In order to further investigate the PMI process under a complexity perspective, additional research in the form of longitudinal case studies including methods of storytelling and narratives should be considered.Practical implicationsLeaders and integration managers need a great repertoire of behaviours in order to both manage the challenging change processes by planning and controlling the integration activities and allow self‐organisation to emerge.Originality/valueThe paper offers a deeper understanding of the complex change processes in the PMI phase by using the metaphor of complexity theory and CASs.
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Zdravkovic, Milan, Ovidiu Noran, Hervé Panetto, and Miroslav Trajanovic. "Enabling interoperability as a property of ubiquitous systems for disaster management." Computer Science and Information Systems 12, no. 3 (2015): 1009–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis141031011z.
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The advent of the future Internet-of-Things brings about increasing complexity and diversification of Enterprise Information Systems, which makes interoperability a critical requirement towards their scalability and sustainable development. This is especially evident in the disaster management area, which typically involves a highly heterogeneous set of institutions and organisations responsible for delivering emergency response services who often fail to rise up to the task, mainly due to a lack of proper collaboration. As the legacy consideration of the interoperability paradigm appears to fail in meeting these challenges, in this paper we define Interoperability as a Property (IaaP) of every ubiquitous system. In doing so, we use an anthropomorphic perspective to formally define IaaP?s enabling attributes (namely, awareness, perceptivity, intelligence and extroversion), with the objective of taking initial steps towards a Theory of Interoperability of Everything (IoE). The identified concepts and their interrelations are illustrated by the presented IoE ontology.
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Lee, Joanna Wai Ying, and Wing-Shing Tang. "The hegemony of the real estate industry: Redevelopment of ‘Government/Institution or Community’ (G/IC) land in Hong Kong." Urban Studies 54, no. 15 (December 6, 2016): 3403–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098016679607.
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The high property price syndrome in Hong Kong has led to heightened concern about the role of landed capital in property development. Recently, the hegemony of the real estate industry has become a buzzword in local literature, but unfortunately there is neither adequate theoretical articulation nor informed understanding of the concept of hegemony. There is widespread misunderstanding of hegemony, equating it to domination by property tycoons. The local literature has overlooked the government-business collusion in constructing the common sense of society so as to dominate others. Through an empirical investigation of the redevelopment of ‘Government/Institution or Community’ (G/IC) land in Hong Kong, this article attempts to offer an alternative explanation to the land question of G/IC redevelopment by highlighting that the everyday life of the silent majority and of professionals has in fact perpetuated the hegemony of the real estate industry in Hong Kong. It is argued that the government, property developers, professionals, charitable organisations and the general public have altogether participated, in different ways and to different extents, in the capital accumulation projects of leading developer conglomerates in Hong Kong. A land (re)development regime has thus contributed to the property boom in Hong Kong.