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Journal articles on the topic 'Prophylaxis after exposure'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

&NA;. "Prophylaxis after Sexual Exposure." American Journal of Nursing 98, no. 6 (1998): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000446-199806000-00028.

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2

Moodie, Claire E., Herbert A. Thompson, Martin I. Meltzer, and David L. Swerdlow. "Prophylaxis after Exposure toCoxiella burnetii." Emerging Infectious Diseases 14, no. 10 (2008): 1558–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1410.080576.

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3

Van Der Ende, Marchina E., Rosa M. Regez, Gerrit Schreij, Jan T. M. Van Der Meer, and Sven A. Danner. "Post-exposure prophylaxis." International Journal of STD & AIDS 13, no. 1_suppl (2002): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095646202762226137.

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The mean risk of acquiring HIV after an occupational exposure, injecting drug use or sexual exposure varies from <0.1 to 3%. A high plasma HIV-RNA of the source increases the risk of each of the exposures. Other factors, such as the volume of the inoculum involved to which the individual was exposed, other sexually transmitted diseases and ruptures of mucous membranes are associated with a higher risk of HIV transmission. Based on the calculated risk, post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) should be recommended. In the Netherlands, prescription of PEP in the occupational setting is a standard proc

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4

&NA;. "Prophylaxis after occupational exposure to HIV." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1056 (1996): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199610560-00002.

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5

Pinkerton, Steven D. "Prophylaxis after Sexual Exposure to HIV." Annals of Internal Medicine 129, no. 8 (1998): 671. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-8-199810150-00027.

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6

Behrman, Amy J. "Prophylaxis after Sexual Exposure to HIV." Annals of Internal Medicine 129, no. 8 (1998): 671. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-8-199810150-00028.

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7

Frothingham, Richard. "Prophylaxis after Sexual Exposure to HIV." Annals of Internal Medicine 129, no. 8 (1998): 671. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-8-199810150-00029.

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8

Katz, Mitchell H. "Prophylaxis after Sexual Exposure to HIV." Annals of Internal Medicine 129, no. 8 (1998): 672. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-8-199810150-00030.

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9

Peate, Ian. "Prophylaxis after sexual exposure to HIV." Practice Nursing 16, no. 5 (2005): 224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/pnur.2005.16.5.18062.

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10

Easterbrook, P., and G. Ippolito. "Prophylaxis after occupational exposure to HIV." BMJ 315, no. 7108 (1997): 557–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.315.7108.557.

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11

Harindra, V., J. Tobin, J. R. Willcox, et al. "Prophylaxis after occupational exposure to HIV." BMJ 316, no. 7132 (1998): 701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.316.7132.701.

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12

MACNEIL, JANE SALODOF. "Prophylaxis Still Essential After Rabies Exposure." Clinical Neurology News 2, no. 7 (2006): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1553-3212(06)71596-5.

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13

MACNEIL, JANE SALODOF. "Prophylaxis Still Essential After Rabies Exposure." Internal Medicine News 39, no. 8 (2006): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1097-8690(06)73380-7.

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14

MACNEIL, JANE SALODOF. "Prophylaxis Still Essential After Rabies Exposure." Family Practice News 36, no. 8 (2006): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-7073(06)73015-8.

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15

Dong, Betty J. "Prophylaxis after nonoccupational exposure to HIV." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 56, no. 10 (1999): 1011–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/56.10.1011.

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16

Lurie, Peter, Suellen Miller, Frederick Hecht, Margaret Chesney, and Bernard Lo. "Postexposure Prophylaxis After Nonoccupational HIV Exposure." JAMA 280, no. 20 (1998): 1769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.280.20.1769.

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17

O’Donnell, Shannon, Darrell H. S. Tan, and Mark W. Hull. "New Canadian guideline provides evidence-based approach to non-occupational HIV prophylaxis." CJEM 21, no. 1 (2018): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2018.462.

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AbstractThe incidence of HIV infections in Canada has increased yearly since 2014. New cases of HIV have resulted almost exclusively from non-occupational exposures, including sexual contact and needle sharing. Appropriate HIV post-exposure prophylaxis is under-prescribed to patients who present to the emergency department after a high-risk exposure. In November of 2017, a Canadian guideline on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (nPEP) was published. The guideline presents a standardized, evidence-based approach to assessing risk for HIV transmis

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18

Olaleye, Abiola O., Olorunfemi A. Ogundele, Babatunde I. Awokola, et al. "Occupational exposure to HIV and use of post-exposure prophylaxis in a general hospital in North Central, Nigeria." International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 3, no. 1 (2013): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijosh.v3i1.6635.

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Occupational exposures to blood borne pathogens including HIV have been well studied. However, limited studies exist about the utilization of post exposure prophylaxis and follow-up in Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to describe the characteristics of occupational exposure to HIV, the utilization of post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) among health workers, and the proportion of exposed health workers reporting for follow-up three months after exposure. A cross sectional descriptive study involving ninety three health workers was carried out at a general hospital located in an urban area

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19

&NA;. "Prophylaxis worthwhile after occupational exposure to HIV?" Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1115 (1997): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199711150-00001.

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20

Crossley, J. "HIV post-exposure prophylaxis after sexual assault." Emergency Medicine Journal 21, no. 4 (2004): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj.2003.005686.

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21

Dealler, Stephen. "Post-exposure prophylaxis after accidental prion inoculation." Lancet 351, no. 9102 (1998): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)78591-3.

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22

Van Ranst, Marc, and Jan Desmyter. "Post-exposure prophylaxis after accidental prion inoculation." Lancet 351, no. 9102 (1998): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)78592-5.

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23

&NA;. "ACYCLOVIR PROPHYLAXIS OF VARICELLA AFTER HIOUSEHOLD EXPOSURE." Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 14, no. 2 (1995): 152–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006454-199502000-00015.

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24

Aguzzi, Adriano, and John Collinge. "Post-exposure prophylaxis after accidental prion inoculation." Lancet 350, no. 9090 (1997): 1519–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)63941-4.

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25

Roland, Michelle E. "Postexposure prophylaxis after sexual exposure to HIV." Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 20, no. 1 (2007): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qco.0b013e328012c5e0.

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26

Jagannathan, Prasanna, Raphael Landovitz, and Michelle E. Roland. "Postexposure prophylaxis after sexual exposure to HIV." Future HIV Therapy 1, no. 1 (2007): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/17469600.1.1.35.

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27

Puro, Vincenzo, Giuseppe Ippolito, Elio Guzzanti, et al. "Zidovudine prophylaxis after accidental exposure to HIV." AIDS 6, no. 9 (1992): 963–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002030-199209000-00009.

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28

Szela, Joel, Angy Hanna, and Matthew Sims. "2419. Timing of Secondary Prophylaxis Against Clostridium difficile Infection After Antibiotic Exposure." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (2019): S835. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.2097.

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Abstract Background Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the most common nosocomial infection, and is increasing. The major risk for CDI is antibiotic (abx) use. We have previously shown that secondary prophylaxis with vancomycin decreases CDI relapse in patients with recent CDI given abx to treat another infection. The median time to relapse after use of abx was 3 days. In an effort to further elucidate the best way to employ secondary prophylaxis against CDI, we examined all patients with CDI in our institution in 2016 and timing of relapse as related to another exposure to abx and the s

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29

&NA;. "Should prophylaxis be given after nonoccupational HIV exposure?" Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1166 (1998): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199811660-00008.

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30

Tittle, Victoria, Marta Boffito, Alan McOwan, and Gary Whitlock. "Antiretroviral resistance and management after pre-exposure prophylaxis." Lancet HIV 7, no. 2 (2020): e84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2352-3018(19)30404-7.

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31

Porche, Demetrius James. "Postexposure prophylaxis after an occupational exposure to HIV." Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care 8, no. 1 (1997): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1055-3290(97)80038-6.

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32

Girling, Joanna. "Aciclovir prophylaxis after varicella zoster exposure in pregnancy." Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin 61, no. 6 (2023): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/dtb.2023.000001.

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33

Todović, Ljiljana, M. Vujović, B. Drakul, and N. Hadživuković. "Blood transmitted diseases prevention and prophylaxis after exposure." Inspirium, no. 9 (2014): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/insp1411024t.

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Infections transmitted by blood are infections where the infectious agent from the blood of one person is transmitted to the other person. These infections usually occur in hospitals and other places of hospitality. A large number of pathogens are transmitted through blood. Except of bacteria and viruses, as the most common pathogens that are transmitted through blood, there has been proven the transfer of the fungus, parasites and spirochetes through blood. Viruses that are the most frequently transmitted through blood and represent the highest risk of infection are: Hepatitis B virus (HBV),

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34

Cordes, Christiane, Arend Moll, Claudia Kuecherer, and Ulrich Marcus. "HIV transmission despite HIV post-exposure prophylaxis after non-occupational exposure." AIDS 18, no. 3 (2004): 582–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002030-200402200-00036.

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35

Raftopoulos, V., G. Nikolopoulos, V. Konte, et al. "Post-exposure prophylaxis after non-occupational exposure to HIV in Greece." International Nursing Review 55, no. 1 (2008): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-7657.2007.00590.x.

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36

Prins, J. M. "HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) after occupational and non-occupational exposure." International Congress Series 1279 (April 2005): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ics.2005.01.010.

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37

Biggs, Karen, Maree O’Sullivan, Cheryn Palmer, et al. "Post-exposure prophylaxis in the era of pre-exposure prophylaxis: a study of post-exposure prophylaxis use in South-East Queensland since the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme listing of pre-exposure prophylaxis." International Journal of STD & AIDS 31, no. 5 (2020): 426–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462420911579.

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Both post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) involve the use of antiretroviral drugs taken by HIV-uninfected individuals to reduce HIV acquisition risk. While PEP has been available in Australia for many years, PrEP became widely accessible in 2018 after listing on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS). Studies have reported on the impact of PrEP on condom use. The impact of PrEP on the use of PEP in Australia has not been reported. This project examined PEP use across three public sexual health services in South-East Queensland, Australia, comparing rates in 201

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38

Moura, Alexandre Sampaio, Letícia Mattos Menezes, Marcelle Amaral de Matos, Cynthya Magalhães Costa, and Bruna Arantes Borges. "Occupational infection to Brucella abortus B19 vaccine despite antimicrobial prophylaxis." Medicina (Ribeirão Preto) 54, no. 1 (2021): e168000. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7262.rmrp.2021.168000.

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The authors report the case of a veterinarian who acquired brucellosis infection by accidental exposure to Brucella abortus vaccine (BRUCEL-VET B19) while performing animal vaccination. Antibiotic prophylaxis with doxycycline and rifampin for six weeks was indicated, but rifampin was discontinued after 10 days due to gastrointestinal intolerance. Despite prophylaxis, the patient seroconverted after 30 days, but was asymptomatic and did not require additional antibiotic therapy. Post-exposure prophylaxis of Brucella is not free from side effects and asymptomatic seroconversion can occur despite

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39

NPEP Reference Group. "National guidelines for post-exposure prophylaxis after non-occupational exposure to HIV." Sexual Health 4, no. 4 (2007): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh07067.

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40

Kjerrstrom, Anne, Julie Witter, Juliet Drummond, Neil Turner, Tristan Barber, and Sara Day. "P069 Post exposure prophylaxis after sexual exposure: management in ed and gum." Sexually Transmitted Infections 93, Suppl 1 (2017): A39.2—A39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2017-053232.114.

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IntroductionPost-exposure prophylaxis following sexual exposure (PEPSE) is a method of preventing HIV infection. 2015 BASHH guidelines identify criteria for when PEPSE should and could be offered. Our aim was to review patients prescribed PEPSE either at our local Emergency Department (ED) or via GUM between 1stJuly – 31stDec 2016 to establish if we are following the BASHH guidelines.MethodsThis retrospective study identified patients that were prescribed PEPSE through the ED or GUM using electronic records and paper notes to audit criteria.Results176 PEP recipients were identified. Twenty-two

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41

Parsonnet, J., D. Zaleznik, J. L. Steinberg, E. A. Nardell, and E. H. Kass. "Antibiotic Prophylaxis After Exposure to Antibiotic-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Clinical Infectious Diseases 10, no. 6 (1988): 1208–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinids/10.6.1208.

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42

&NA;. "Zidovudine prophylaxis is not justified after simple needlestick exposure." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 774 (1991): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199107740-00009.

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43

Wong, Karen K., Richard T. Davey, Angela L. Hewlett, et al. "Use of Postexposure Prophylaxis After Occupational Exposure toZaire ebolavirus." Clinical Infectious Diseases 63, no. 3 (2016): 376–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciw256.

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44

Fournier, Sandra, Anne Maillard, and Jean-Michel Molina. "Failure of postexposure prophylaxis after sexual exposure to HIV." AIDS 15, no. 3 (2001): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002030-200102160-00025.

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45

MACNEIL, JANE SALODOF. "Survival After Rabies Exposure Still Long Shot; Use Prophylaxis." Rheumatology News 5, no. 9 (2006): 34. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1541-9800(06)71378-3.

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46

O’Byrne, Patrick, Lauren Orser, and Amanda Vandyk. "Immediate PrEP after PEP: Results from an Observational Nurse-Led PEP2PrEP Study." Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC) 19 (January 1, 2020): 232595822093976. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325958220939763.

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Patients who use post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) are at ongoing risk for HIV acquisition after completing PEP. While the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use immediately after PEP, some practitioners are hesitant to offer PEP-to-PrEP (PEP2PrEP). We began offering PEP2PrEP in the sexually transmitted infection clinic in Ottawa, Canada on August 5, 2018. During the first 16 months of PEP2PrEP, 61 patients requested PEP and 46 were initiated; 30 of these patients agreed to PEP2PrEP and 26 followed through. None of our PEP patients had confirmed

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47

Mysior, Patryk, Erik Tenberken, Melanie Stecher, et al. "Rapid Uptake of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis After Significant Price Reduction in Germany Highlights Importance of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Accessibility." AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 36, no. 9 (2020): 721–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/aid.2019.0237.

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48

Yang, Song I., Ji Hee Lim, Eun Jin Kim, et al. "Post-exposure Prophylaxis against Varicella Zoster Virus in Hospitalized Children after Inadvertent Exposure." Pediatric Infection and Vaccine 23, no. 3 (2016): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.14776/piv.2016.23.3.180.

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49

Joshi, Manavi, Amardeep Basra, Claire McCormick, Helen Webb, and Mark Pakianathan. "Post-exposure prophylaxis after sexual exposure (PEPSE) awareness in an HIV-positive cohort." International Journal of STD & AIDS 25, no. 1 (2013): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462413491734.

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50

O’Byrne, Patrick, Paul MacPherson, Marie Roy, and Lauren Orser. "Community-based, nurse-led post-exposure prophylaxis: results and implications." International Journal of STD & AIDS 28, no. 5 (2016): 505–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462416658412.

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HIV medications can be used as post-exposure prophylaxis to efficaciously prevent an HIV-negative person who has come into contact with HIV from becoming HIV-positive. Traditionally, these medications have been available in emergency departments, which have constituted a barrier for the members of many minority groups who are greatly affected by HIV transmission (i.e. gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men, and persons who use injection drugs). From 5 September 2013 through 4 September 2015, we sought to increase the use of HIV post-exposure prophylaxis by having registered nurses p

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