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Journal articles on the topic 'Proportional system'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 April 2022

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1

Lua, Aik Chong, Ke Chuang Shi, and Leok Poh Chua. "Proportional assist ventilation system based on proportional solenoid valve control." Medical Engineering & Physics 23, no. 6 (July 2001): 381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1350-4533(01)00058-3.

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2

Dow, Jay K. "Party-System Extremism in Majoritarian and Proportional Electoral Systems." British Journal of Political Science 41, no. 2 (December 3, 2010): 341–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123410000360.

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This study evaluates the extent of party-system extremism in thirty-one electoral democracies as a function of electoral-system proportionality. It uses data from the Comparative Studies of Electoral Systems project to estimate the extent of party-system compactness or dispersion across polities and to determine whether more proportional systems foster greater ideological divergence among parties. Electoral system characteristics most associated with party-system compactness in the ideological space are investigated. The empirics show that more proportional systems support greater ideological dispersion, while less proportional systems encourage parties to cluster nearer the centre of the electoral space. This finding is maintained in several sub-samples of national elections and does not depend on the inclusion of highly majoritarian systems (such as the United Kingdom).

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3

Griffith, Eugene R., and Steven T. Connett. "Sound system employing automatic proportional amplification." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 82, no. 5 (November 1987): 1872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.395681.

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4

Bean, Dwight R., Jane Friedman, and Cameron Parker. "Proportional quota weighted voting system hierarchies." Social Choice and Welfare 34, no. 3 (June 4, 2009): 397–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00355-009-0404-6.

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5

Mavridis, Christos, and Ignacio Ortuño-Ortín. "Polling in a proportional representation system." Social Choice and Welfare 51, no. 2 (February 14, 2018): 297–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00355-018-1117-5.

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6

Hong, Wan-Sik. "The Reform of the Proportional Election System." Journal of Legal Studies 28, no. 3 (July 31, 2020): 293–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.35223/gnulaw.28.3.12.

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7

Fadel Al-ali, Kadem, and Dr Abdullah Y. Al-Tayib. "The Proportional Relationships System In Islamic Architecture." AL-Rafdain Engineering Journal (AREJ) 14, no. 2 (June 28, 2006): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.33899/rengj.2006.46620.

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8

Chen, J. H., J. Bull, and D. B. DeBra. "A Continuous Proportional Low-Thrust Propulsion System." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 22, no. 7 (July 1989): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)53410-2.

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9

Barker, Kash, and Hiba Baroud. "Proportional hazards models of infrastructure system recovery." Reliability Engineering & System Safety 124 (April 2014): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2013.12.004.

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10

Leith, Alex, Mohamed-Slim Alouini, Dong In Kim, Xuemin Shen, and Zhiqiang Wu. "Flexible Proportional-Rate Scheduling for OFDMA System." IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 12, no. 10 (October 2013): 1907–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2012.155.

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11

Christman, S. B. "Proportional liquid‐nitrogen valve and control system." Review of Scientific Instruments 61, no. 9 (September 1990): 2452–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1141338.

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12

Kaczka, David W., Jacob Herrmann, Bakir Hajdarevic, and Andrea Fonseca Da Cruz. "System identification of proportional solenoid valve dynamics." International Journal of Modelling, Identification and Control 34, no. 2 (2020): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmic.2020.10032851.

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13

Hajdarevic, Bakir, Jacob Herrmann, Andrea Fonseca Da Cruz, and David W. Kaczka. "System identification of proportional solenoid valve dynamics." International Journal of Modelling, Identification and Control 34, no. 2 (2020): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmic.2020.110349.

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14

Bean, Dwight. "Proportional quota weighted voting system hierarchies II." Social Choice and Welfare 39, no. 4 (June 8, 2011): 907–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00355-011-0560-3.

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15

Berg, Heléne. "Politicians’ payments in a proportional party system." European Economic Review 128 (September 2020): 103504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2020.103504.

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16

Kurnianingrum, Rahani Itsia. "Reconsidering the Closed Proportional System for Indonesia." JPPUMA Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan dan Sosial Politik Universitas Medan Area 8, no. 2 (October 12, 2020): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/jppuma.v8i2.3563.

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17

Mityaeva, Yu V. "PROPORTIONAL ELECTORAL SYSTEM: TYPES, FEATURES OF APPLICATION." Moscow University Bulletin of them SY Witte Series 2 Legal science, no. 3 (2020): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21777/2587-9472-2020-3-12-18.

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18

Song, Junmo, and Dohoon Lee. "Is Proportional Representation Proportional? : The Impacts of the Introduction of the Proportional Representation System on the Making of Bills." ECONOMY AND SOCIETY 130 (June 30, 2021): 163–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.18207/criso.2021..130.163.

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19

Avram, Mihai, Constantin Bucşan, Laurenţiu Adrian Cartal, and Despina Duminică. "PWM Controlled Proportional Equipment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 245 (December 2012): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.245.107.

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The paper presents an experimental model of PWM controlled proportional pneumatic direction control valve developed by the authors, as well as the functioning of a pneumatic system that incorporates the original solution of valve. The main parameters that control the system can be settled using a software application developed for that purpose.

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20

Liu, Ming, and Yao Yao. "Application of Matlab/Simulink in Hydraulic Proportional System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 341-342 (July 2013): 1062–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.341-342.1062.

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This paper introduces the features of Simulink software and presents a method for the dynamic simulation of hydraulic proportional system by Simulink. It establishes a mathematical model for hydraulic proportional system based on four-way valve controlled asymmetric hydraulic cylinder. Based on the simulation model, the paper introduces how to use Simulink to simulate the dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic proportional system, and then obtains the main parameters of the dynamic characteristics of the system. The simulation results show that Simulink is an effective way for the dynamic simulation of the hydraulic proportional system.

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21

Li, Lan, Jiang Ye, and Xue Fei Zheng. "The Electro-Hydraulic Proportional Control and Simulation of the Radial Piston Pump Based on Proportional-Integral-Derivative Neural Network." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 1749–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.1749.

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In this paper a new control method has been studied in which PID control system was integrated into the neural network. It could overcome some disadvantages such as neural network’s slow rate of convergence and PID’s difficulty in application of multivariate nonlinear systems. A controller of the Electro-hydraulic proportional control stroking mechanism for radial piston pump was designed based on the PID neural network control algorithm. The system responses of system variable control signal of system track were achieved by computer simulation. It was found by PIDNN that the control system could reach steady state in a shorter time, compared with PID control system response time by 65% to 80%. The simulation results showed that the controller for the Electro-hydraulic proportional Radial Piston Pump based PID neural network control algorithm would have a good controlling performance.

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22

Boo-Ha Lee and 장지연. "Party-List System and Single Transferable Vote System in Proportional Representation." Public Law Journal 13, no. 4 (November 2012): 229–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31779/plj.13.4.201211.009.

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23

Kim, Do-Hyub. "A Study on the Proportional Representation System and Pre-Voting System." European Constitutional Law Association 37 (December 31, 2021): 343–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21592/eucj.2021.37.343.

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24

KONG, Xiangzhen. "Intelligent Hybrid Control of the Pneumatic Proportional System." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 45, no. 10 (2009): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2009.10.084.

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25

YUN, Sonam, Jae Seop RYU, Byoung Kyu AHN, Go Do KIM, and Jung Hyun JO. "Electrohydraulic Proportional Metering Valve for Common Rail System." Proceedings of the JFPS International Symposium on Fluid Power 2005, no. 6 (2005): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5739/isfp.2005.269.

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26

Hsu, Yuan-Yih, and Chung-Yu Hsu. "Design of a Proportional-Integral Power System Stabilizer." IEEE Power Engineering Review PER-6, no. 5 (May 1986): 33–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mper.1986.5527932.

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27

De-Ping, Jiang, Luo Xiao-Shu, Wang Bin-Hong, Fang Jin-Qing, and Jiang Pin-Qun. "Study on Proportional Synchronization of Hyperchaotic Circuit System." Communications in Theoretical Physics 43, no. 4 (April 2005): 671–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0253-6102/43/4/019.

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28

Massicotte, Louis. "TOWARDS A MIXED‐MEMBER PROPORTIONAL SYSTEM FOR QUÉBEC?" Representation 43, no. 4 (November 2007): 251–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00344890701574898.

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29

Hsu, Yuan-Yih, and Chung-Yu Hsu. "Design of a Proportional-Integral Power System Stabilizer." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 1, no. 2 (1986): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.1986.4334898.

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30

Knapp, Andrew. "Proportional but bipolar: France's electoral system in 1986." West European Politics 10, no. 1 (January 1987): 89–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01402388708424616.

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31

Brown, C., D. Eartly, D. Green, H. Haggerty, S. Hansen, H. Jöstlein, E. Malamud, et al. "D∅ muon system with proportional drift tube chambers." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 279, no. 1-2 (July 1989): 331–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(89)91102-9.

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32

Ba, Xin, Xiao Hui Luo, Xu Feng Zhao, and Yu Quan Zhu. "PI Control of Proportional Valve-Cylinder Water Hydraulic System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 548-549 (April 2014): 977–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.548-549.977.

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Water hydraulic components have been developed rapidly in recent years. However many problems such as low lubricity and leakage limited the performance of them, especially water proportional valves. A proportional valve- hydraulic cylinder system with tap water as working medium is chosen as object to investigate the performance of water hydraulic system. With regarding to the weaknesses of the selected 4/3 proportional valve including lag, dead zone and nonlinearity, an integral separation PI arithmetic based close-loop controller is developed. Experiments results verified the electro-hydraulic proportional system of fast response speed and high accuracy.

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33

Chen, Chern-Lin, and Yuan-Yih Hsu. "Coordinated tuning of proportional-integral power system stabilizers in multimachine power systems." Electric Power Systems Research 11, no. 1 (August 1986): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-7796(86)90060-x.

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34

Kurniawan, Edi. "Analysis and Simulation of Proportional Derivative and Proportional Integral Derivative Control Systems Using Xcos Scilab." Journal of Technomaterials Physics 3, no. 1 (February 26, 2021): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jotp.v3i1.5544.

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PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) control is a popular control in the industry and aims to improve the performance of a system. This control has controlling parameters, namely Kp, Ki, and Kd which will have a control effect on the overall system response. In this research, P, PD, and PID control simulations with the transfer function of the mass-damper spring as a plant using Xcos Scilab. The method used is the trial and error method by setting and varying the values of the control constants Kp, Ki, and Kd to produce the desired system response. The value adjustment of system control parameters is carried out with several variations, namely Kp control variation, Kp variation to constant Kd, Kd variation to constant Kp, Kp variation to Ki, constant Kd, variation of Ki to Kp, constant Kd and variation of Kd to Kp, Ki constant. The second method is automatic tuning which is done through mathematical calculations to obtain PID control constants, namely Zieglar Nichols PID tuning with the oscillation method. From the system simulation results, the best parameter is obtained through the Zieglar Nichols PID tuning process based on the results of the transient response analysis, namely when the proportional gain value (Kp) is 50. The system performance characteristics produced in the tuning process are 3.994 seconds of settling time at 2.36 seconds research time. resulting in a maximum overshoot value of 3.6% and a peaktime value of 3.994 seconds

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35

Xie, Hai Bo, Song Tao Hu, Hua Yong Yang, Yu Zhen, Yang Zeng, and Jin Zhang. "Test System of the Static and Dynamic Performance of the Proportional Solenoid." Advanced Materials Research 422 (December 2011): 646–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.422.646.

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Proportional solenoid is the key component in electro-hydraulic proportional control systems. The static and dynamic performance of the proportional solenoid directly affects the control accuracy, response speed and reliability of the whole system. To test the static and dynamic performance of the proportional solenoid accurately, reliably as well as conveniently, an automatic test system with the combination of the sensor and control technology is developed in this paper. The entire system consists of mechanical structure which could position the proportional solenoid and adjust the displacement, the control and measurement part whose main function is to control the motion of the stepper motor ,set the drive current of the solenoid through the proportional amplifier and collect data. The experimental apparatus allows rapid switch between static test and dynamic test through two vertically-positioned pins and other accessories, which makes this test system different from the others. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and the rationality of the design.

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36

Smirnova, Lyubov’, Alexander Uzdin, and Natalia Polorotova. "Response Spectra Method for Extended Systems with Proportional Damping." Earthquake Engineering. Construction Safety, no. 1 (February 25, 2020): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37153/2618-9283-2020-1-5-10.

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The application of the response spectra method for extended damped systems with a point support on the base is considered. The support excitations can be different. External and internal damping is taken into account, it being assumed proportional i.e. admitting an exact or approximate decomposition of motion according to the undamped system modes. It is noted that the presence of externaldamping leads to additional system perturbation, i.e. to additional members appearance in the right part of motion equations. It is shown that well-known formulas of the response spectra method for systems on a rigid platform are kept intact, but the vector of load projections on the directions of generalized coordinates is modified taking into account the influence of support displacements on generalized loads in the system.

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37

Buben, Radek, and Karel Kouba. "Proportional Representation, Large District Magnitude and Closed Lists." World Political Science 13, no. 2 (December 20, 2017): 151–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/wps-2017-0007.

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AbstractChoosing the type of electoral system in new democracies has become a contested issue for social scientists as well as for political actors. Contrary to the state of the public debate on the issue, the article advances the position from a multidisciplinary standpoint (political science, historical sociology, economics) that proportional representation with large districts and closed lists performs better on a variety of key indicators. We review recent literature on the performance of electoral systems especially in post-communist and Latin American democracies. The article identifies the centripetal theory of democracy as a normative basis for our institutional prescriptions and discusses how distinct types of political representation relate to the debate on electoral systems. We focus especially on four main concerns commonly associated with proportional representation (the rise of “extremist” parties, government instability, party system deconsolidation, and corruption and clientelism). Contrary to much of the public debate on electoral systems, we conclude that further steps towards personalization (by opening lists or reducing district magnitude) are not advisable.

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38

Shan, Yun Xiao. "Design of Cylinder Positioning System Based on Proportional Valve." Advanced Materials Research 683 (April 2013): 787–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.683.787.

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Proportional valve-cylinder buffering positioning system was designed based on PID control method, which has simple structure, strong anti-pollution ability, convenient use and maintenance, and high precision. The system is endowed with high engineering value owing to its ability to achieve buffering positioning of cylinder in optional position of the whole cylinder stroke with positioning precision within ±0.2mm enough to meet the positioning requirement of manipulator.

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39

Luo, Bing Yang, Fan Du, and Yi Min Mo. "Design of the Proportional Feeding System of Raw Mill." Advanced Materials Research 201-203 (February 2011): 1586–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.201-203.1586.

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A raw mill’s production line is to grind the raw material mixed with limestone, clay and basalt of certain proportion; it decides the quality of the cement clinker. The production efficiency and quality can be promoted by precisely controlling the proportion of the three raw materials and feeding automatically. The system’s controller is S7-400, and the measurement is done by the rotor scale produced by SHENCK. The variable speed device (VSD) of the feeder was controlled by the flow through the PID controller to realize the precise proportion. Moreover, the proportion can be set and the feeding quantity, the producing process can be monitored by the position machine (Win CC), to achieve production automation.

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40

Fernández-Caballero, Antonio, Lidia María Belmonte, Rafael Morales, and José Andrés Somolinos. "Generalized Proportional Integral Control for an Unmanned Quadrotor System." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 12, no. 7 (July 7, 2015): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/60833.

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41

Liu, Jin-yi, Jing-quan Tan, En-rong Mao, Zheng-he Song, and Zhong-xiang Zhu. "Proportional directional valve based automatic steering system for tractors." Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 17, no. 5 (May 2016): 458–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/fitee.1500172.

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42

Chen, K. C., S. Salimin, S. A. Zulkifli, and R. Aziz. "Single Phase Inverter System using Proportional Resonant Current Control." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 1913. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i4.pp1913-1918.

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<span>This paper presents the harmonic reduction performance of proportional resonant (PR) current controller in single phase inverter system connected to nonlinear load. In the study, proportional resonant current controller and low pass filter is discussed to eliminate low order harmonics injection in single phase inverter system. The potential of nonlinear load in producing harmonics is showed and identified by developing a nonlinear load model using a full bridge rectifier circuit. The modelling and simulation is done in MATLAB Simulink while harmonic spectrum results are obtained using Fast Fourier Transfor. End result show PR current controller capability to overcome the injection of current harmonic problems thus improved the overall total harmonic distortion (THD).</span>

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43

Michczyński, Adam, Tomasz Goslar, Anna Pazdur, and Mieczysław F. Pazdur. "A Data Acquisition System for Proportional Counters at Gliwice." Radiocarbon 37, no. 2 (1995): 781–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200031337.

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We present here the principal ideas of a new, fully computerized data acquisition system with pulse-rise background reduction, developed in the Gliwice Radiocarbon Laboratory, and our first results. The new system uses a microprocessor-controlled pulse and coincidence analyzer for acquisition of data from 3 of 4 proportional counter sets. The analyzer acquires and stores information on the pulse's amplitudes and rise-times and their coincidence with guard counters and radio-frequency shield. This feature allows us to separate pulses using anticoincidence information and pulse-shape discrimination. The described method of background reduction led to a significant increase in the factor of merit on 2 of 3 counters tested.

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44

Saarloos, J., S. Olson, W. Carithers, C. Haber, C. Orme, and J. Siegrist. "High voltage control and monitoring system for proportional chambers." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 35, no. 1 (February 1988): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/23.12704.

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45

Zhang, Li-Dong, Wen-Xing Zhu, and Jian-lei Liu. "Proportional–differential effects in traffic car-following model system." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 406 (July 2014): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2014.03.001.

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46

Westerhof, Nico, and Louis Handoko. "4.9 PROPORTIONAL PRESSURE RELATIONS IN THE PULMONARY ARTERIAL SYSTEM." Artery Research 16, no. C (2016): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.artres.2016.10.028.

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47

Indriðason, Indriði H., and Ásdís J. Sigurjónsdóttir. "GIRLS AGAINST BOYS: PRIMARIES IN A PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION SYSTEM." Representation 50, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2014.902213.

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48

BEALE, S., and B. SHAFAI. "Robust control system design with a proportional integral observer." International Journal of Control 50, no. 1 (July 1989): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207178908953350.

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49

Johns, Robert, and Christopher Carman. "COPING WITH COALITIONS? SCOTTISH VOTERS UNDER A PROPORTIONAL SYSTEM." Representation 44, no. 4 (November 2008): 301–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00344890802422856.

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50

Joshi, Siddharth, Vivek Pandya, and Bhinal Mehta. "Gain Scheduling Proportional Integral for Standalone Wind Energy System." Power Research - A Journal of CPRI 15, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33686/pwj.v15i1.143834.

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