Relevant bibliographies by topics / Prosopis velutina

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Academic literature on the topic 'Prosopis velutina'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Prosopis velutina"

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Hahne, Kathryn S., and Ursula K. Schuch*. "Nitrogen Requirement of Prosopis velutina Seedlings." HortScience 39, no. 4 (July 2004): 818B—818. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.818b.

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The objective of this study was to determine whether mesquite (Prosopis velutina) seedlings have a preference for the ammonia or nitrate form of nitrogen (N), and to determine the optimum rate of N to maximize growth and minimize N leaching when seedlings are grown in different substrates. Mesquite seedlings were fertigated with different ratios of NH4+: NO3- to determine effects on shoot and root growth and N-uptake efficiency. Nutrient solution containing 67% NH4+ : 33% NO3- resulted in greatest biomass after 120 days of fertigation. N leachate remained stable until 12 weeks after the onset of treatment, but increased significantly by week 16. Subsequently, mesquite seedlings were grown in sand or soilless media and were fertigated with a solution of 67 % NH4+: 33% NO3- at a rate of 25, 50, 100, or 200 mg·L-1 of N. After 60 days, plants in media produced 41% more leaves and total biomass compared to those in sand. Leaf number was greatest for plants grown at 200 mg·L-1 of N in both substrates. Root biomass of plants in media showed no response to increasing N concentrations while root biomass of seedlings in sand were similar for the three lower N concentrations and nearly doubled for the highest one. Shoot biomass of seedlings receiving 25, 50, or 100 mg·L-1 of N was similar, but more than doubled for plants fertigated with 200 mg·L-1 of N. N leachate losses were highest from seedlings growing in sand and receiving the two higher N fertigations, those in media had greatest N leachate loss when fertigated at 200 mg·L-1 of N. For balanced mesquite seedling growth and minimum N leaching losses, concentrations between 50 to 100 mg·L-1 of N are recommended. Implications of using a sand culture system vs. soilless growing substrate for nutrition studies will be discussed.
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2

Chojnacky, D. C. "Growth prediction for Arizona's mesquite (Prosopis velutina) woodlands." Forest Ecology and Management 42, no. 3-4 (August 1991): 293–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(91)90031-p.

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3

Ramírez-Rojo, Margarita Irene, Rey David Vargas-Sánchez, Javier Hernández-Martínez, Evelin Martínez-Benavidez, José Jesús Sánchez-Escalante, Gastón Ramon Torrescano-Urrutia, and Armida Sánchez-Escalante. "ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE DE EXTRACTOS DE HOJA DE MEZQUITE (Prosopis velutina)." Biotecnia 21, no. 1 (December 23, 2018): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v21i1.821.

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El mezquite (Prosopis velutina) es una planta tradicionalmente utilizada por el hombre y animales como alimento en ciertas regiones de México. Además, también es considerada medicinal debido a que posee ciertas propiedades biológicas, las cuales son atribuidas a la presencia de fitoquímicos como los compuestos fenólicos. El objetivo fue evaluar la composición y actividad antioxidante de extractos de hoja de mezquite obtenidos con diferentes solventes. Los extractos se obtuvieron utilizando como solventes de extracción, agua (EAM), etanol y agua (1:1) (EAEM) y etanol (EEM); una vez obtenidos se evaluaron determinando presencia de posibles compuestos tóxicos (alcaloides, cianógenos y saponinas); el contenido de fenoles y flavonoides totales (CFT y CFvT); así como la actividad antioxidante de los extractos mediante la inhibición del radical DPPH• y el poder reductor (FRAP). Los resultados mostraron que en los extractos no se encontró la presencia de compuestos tóxicos; que los valores más altos de rendimiento de extracción fueron para el EAEM (21.4%); y que el mayor CFT y CFvT (> 50 mg/g), así como la actividad antioxidante la presentó el EEM (34%). Por lo que, el EEM pudiera ser utilizado como aditivo en la industria farmacéutica o como ingrediente en la formulación de alimentos.
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López-Franco, Yolanda L., Ana M. Calderón de la Barca, Miguel A. Valdez, Martin G. Peter, Marguerite Rinaudo, Gérard Chambat, and Francisco M. Goycoolea. "Structural Characterization of Mesquite (Prosopis velutina) Gum and its Fractions." Macromolecular Bioscience 8, no. 8 (August 11, 2008): 749–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mabi.200700285.

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5

Comole, Alvino Abraham, Pieter Willem Malan, and Makuété André Patrick Tiawoun. "Effects of Prosopis velutina Invasion on Soil Characteristics along the Riverine System of the Molopo River in North-West Province, South Africa." International Journal of Ecology 2021 (March 3, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6681577.

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Invasive alien plants are one of the major threats to ecosystems. Many invasive plant species, such as Prosopis species, have been introduced around the world and can alter the soil properties of invaded ecosystems. It is one of the most aggressive invasive plant invaders in the North-West Province of South Africa, but little information is available about their influence on soil properties. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Prosopis velutina invasion on selected soil properties at five different sites along the riverine system of the Molopo River in North West Province. At each study site, soil characteristics were measured from soil samples taken under P. velutina canopies, between canopies and in the benchmark stands free of Prosopis species. The effect on selected soil properties of P. velutina invasion varied between the three stands and between sites. In all the sites, almost all soils collected from under the canopies had a significantly higher soil exchangeable Ca, K, Mg, and Na, organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (P), Electrical conductivity (EC), and cation exchange capacity (CEC) than the other sample positions, except for the pH which had the high value in intercanopies. Significantly higher ( p < 0.05 ) values of almost all soil properties were found on the densely invaded sites (Tshidilamolomo I and Tshidilamolomo II) compared to lightly invaded sites (Mabule, Black Heat Farm, and Bray). However, it was difficult to generalise as the effects often appear to be site-specific. In addition, the findings also indicated that soils textural classes ranged between sand, silt, and clay in all study sites with a higher proportion of sand in the benchmark than in the soil under the canopies and intercanopies. Soil characteristics differed significantly more between sites than among positions. The site effects observed in this current study provide evidences that this species may occupy a relatively broad soil niche.
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Bessega, Cecilia, Beatriz O. Saidman, and Juan C. Vilardi. "Isozyme and RAPD studies in Prosopis glandulosa and P. Velutina (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae)." Genetics and Molecular Biology 23, no. 3 (September 2000): 639–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-47572000000300024.

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Allozyme and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) techniques have been compared for their usefulness for genetic and taxonomic studies in Prosopis glandulosa and P. velutina populations. Isozymes and RAPDs yielded similarly high estimates of genetic variability. Genetic structure and differentiation were analyzed through non-hierarchical Wright's F DT. For all populations considered, both markers produced low gene flow (Nm < 1) estimates. When only P. glandulosa populations were analyzed, isozyme data yielded higher gene flow estimates (Nm > 1), in agreement with that expected for conspecific populations. However, in RAPD data the expected reduction in F DT and the increase in Nm were not observed. Correlation between F DT and geographical distance matrices (Mantel test) for all populations was significant (P = 0.02) when based on isozymes, but not so (P = 0.33) when based on RAPDs. No significant associations among genetic and geographical or climatic variables were observed. Two isoenzyme systems (GOT and PRX) enabled us to distinguish between P. glandulosa and P. velutina, but no diagnostic band for recognition of populations or species studied here were detected by RAPD. However, RAPD markers showed higher values for genetic differentiation among conspecific populations of P. glandulosa and a lower coefficient of variation than those obtained from isozymes.
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Hahne, Kathryn S., and Ursula K. Schuch. "Nitrogen Form and Concentration Affect Nitrogen Leaching and Seedling Growth of Prosopis velutina." HortScience 41, no. 1 (February 2006): 239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.1.239.

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Velvet mesquite [Prosopis velutina Woot., Syn.: P. juliflora (Swartz) DC. var. velutina (Woot.) Sarg.] has become more popular in arid landscapes of the southwestern U.S., but little information on N requirements during the seedling stage is available. In addition to optimize growth of seedlings, minimizing N in runoff during production is an important consideration. Experiments were conducted to determine how biomass production and N leaching were affected first by different ratios of ammonium and nitrate N in sand culture and second by different N concentrations when seedlings were grown in two substrates. Mesquite seedlings produced the greatest biomass after 120 days when fertigated with a solution of 33 NO3–: 67 NH4+. Loss of N through leachate was 40% greater when NH + 4 comprised two thirds or more compared to one third or none in the fertigation solution. Nitrogen in leachate was highest after 16 weeks of treatment, coinciding with the reduced growth rate of seedlings. The second experiment utilized either sand or commercial growing media and a fertigation solution of 33 NO3–: 67 NH4+. Fertigation with 200 mg·L–1 N after 60 days in either substrate produced greatest biomass, while rates of 25, 50, or 100 mg·L–1 N produced about half of that biomass. With few exceptions, less N in either form was found in leachate when seedlings were grown in media and were fertigated with the two higher N rates compared to seedlings grown in sand at the two higher N rates. Plant morphology, biomass accumulation, photosynthate allocation, and the fate of N in the growing substrate and in leachate were strongly affected by the choice of growing substrate.
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Huerta-Ocampo, José Ángel, Lino Gerardo Batista-Roche, Martha Beatriz Morales-Amparano, María del Refugio Robles-Burgueño, Gabriela Ramos-Clamont Montfort, Luz Vázquez-Moreno, Fernando Ramírez-Jiménez, and Luis M. Terán. "Identification of Allergenic Proteins in Velvet Mesquite (Prosopis velutina) Pollen: An Immunoproteomics Approach." Life 12, no. 9 (September 13, 2022): 1421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12091421.

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Velvet mesquite (Prosopis velutina) is a native legume of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, contributing significantly to the desert ecosystem and playing key ecological roles. It is also an important cause of allergic respiratory disease widely distributed in the Sonoran, Chihuahuan, and Mojave Deserts. However, no allergens from velvet mesquite pollen have been identified to date. Pollen proteins were extracted and analyzed by one- and two-dimensional electrophoresis and immunoblotting using a pool of 11 sera from mesquite-sensitive patients as the primary antibody. IgE-recognized protein spots were identified by mass spectrometry and bioinformatics analysis. Twenty-four unique proteins, including proteins well known as pollen, food, airway, or contact allergens and four proteins not previously reported as pollen allergens, were identified. This is the first report on allergenic proteins in velvet mesquite pollen. These findings will contribute to the development of specific diagnosis and treatment of mesquite pollen allergy.
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Stromberg, Juliet C., Scott D. Wilkins, and James A. Tress. "Vegetation-Hydrology Models: Implications for Management of Prosopis Velutina (Velvet Mesquite) Riparian Ecosystems." Ecological Applications 3, no. 2 (May 1993): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1941833.

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Matheson, Nancy R., and James Travis. "Purification and Characterization of a Novel Peptidase (IImes) from Mesquite (Prosopis velutina) Pollen." Journal of Biological Chemistry 273, no. 27 (July 3, 1998): 16771–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.27.16771.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Prosopis velutina"

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Hahne, Kathryn S., and Ursula K. Schuch. "Nitrogen Requirements of Prosopis Velutina during Early Seedling Growth." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/216532.

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The objective of this study was to determine the optimum rate of N to maximize growth of Prosopis velutina seedlings and minimize N leaching when seedlings were grown in different substrates. Mesquite seedlings were grown in sand or soilless media and were fertigated with a solution of67 % NH₄⁺: 33 % NO₃⁻ at a rate of 25, 50, 100, or 200 mg N/L. After 60 days, plants in media produced 41 % more leaves and total biomass compared to those in sand. Leaf number was greatest for plants grown at 200 mg N/L in both substrates. Root biomass of plants in media showed no response to increasing N concentrations while root biomass of seedlings in sand were similar for the three lower N concentrations and nearly doubled for the highest one. Shoot biomass of seedlings receiving 25, 50, or 100 mg N/L was similar, but more than doubled for plants fertigated with 200 mg N/L. N leachate losses were highest from seedlings growing in sand and receiving the two higher N fertigations, those in media had greatest N leachate loss when fertigated at 200 mg N/L.
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2

Keys, Roy Nelson. "Mating systems and pollination biology of velvet mesquite (Prosopis velutina Wooten)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186195.

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Little is known of the genetics of multipurpose trees in the genus Prosopis. These studies, which examined mating systems and pollination biology of P. velutina Wooten, improved our understanding of genetic structure and gene flow in natural and artificial populations. There was no evidence for either male or female sterility, but early and later flowering trees could be functionally male and female, respectively. Pollen loads on stigmas of mature flowers were adequate for pod production, so low fruit:flower ratios in P. velutina were not attributed to inadequate pollination. Flowers were receptive to pollen prior to complete anthesis when only stigmas were exserted, a trait that will facilitate controlled pollination. Hand pollinations demonstrated that P. velutina was self-fertile. Lower pod production in selfs compared to outcrosses was attributed to genetic load. Multilocus estimates of mating systems parameters derived from data for 3 isozyme systems of 30 open-pollinated families revealed 20.7% selfing and 7.1% biparental inbreeding in mating in three natural populations. Implications of self-fertility and inbreeding were discussed in relation to breeding programs, and natural and artificial populations. Genetic subdivision was found within these populations, but not among them. This genetic structure was attributed to initial long-distance seed dispersal into grasslands by livestock, followed by short-distance seed dispersal from "nucleus" trees by livestock and wildlife. Twenty-six genera of insects foraged on the flowers. Small insects were effective pollinators of P. velutina, but nocturnal insects were not. The most efficient pollinators, based on pod production after single visits to inflorescences, were native leafcutter bees (Megachilidae), followed by Perdita spp., Apis mellifera, and Volucella spp. Insect behavior can affect plant mating systems by altering the relative amounts of selfing and outcrossing, and as pollinator guilds change through the flowering season. It was also found that individual trees can bear up to three cohorts of flowers during a growing season. These factors combine to make the mating systems of P. velutina more complicated than previously thought. Approaches for using insects in breeding and seed orchards were discussed.
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Andrews, Scott Alan 1958. "Volume estimation and multi-purpose management of Prosopis velutina in southern Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276710.

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Management strategies were compared, including thinning and the production of fuelwood versus larger size-class volume, to develop a management plan for the mesquite woodland of the southern Arizona study site. Pre-commercial thinning of mesquite stands is not economic and the production and separate marketing of the larger size class at current stumpage rates gives only marginally higher returns than fuelwood alone, $9.57/ha/yr compared to $9.13/ha/yr. Equations were developed for prediction of fuelwood volume and for estimating volume in stem pieces 20 cm or greater in diameter. Estimated growth rates were 0.43 m3/ha/yr for the upland areas and 0.84 m3/ha/yr for the riparian areas. The culmination of mean annual increment suggests a rotation age of 40 years.
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Hernández, Viezcas José Angel. "Toxicity of zinc oxide and cerium oxide nanoparticles to mesquite (Prosopis juliflora-velutina)." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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Hahne, Kathryn S., and Ursula K. Schuch. "Response of Nitrate and Ammonium on Growth of Prosopis Velutina and Simmondsia Chinensis Seedlings." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/216553.

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The objective of this study was to determine whether mesquite (Prosopis velutina) and jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) seedlings have a preference for the ammonia or nitrate form of nitrogen (N) to maximize growth and minimize N leaching when seedlings were grown in sand culture. Seedlings were fertigated with different ratios of NH₄⁺:NO₃⁻ to determine effects on shoot and root growth and N leaching. Nutrient solution containing 67 % NH₄⁺: 33 % NO₃⁻ resulted in greatest biomass of mesquite seedlings after 120 days of fertigation. N tissue concentrations of mesquite seedlings were highest for plants supplied with 100% ammonium. N leachate remained stable until 12 weeks after the onset of treatment, but increased significantly by week 16. Dry weight of jojoba seedlings did not differ throughout the experiment regardless of the nutrient solution provided, however N tissue concentration in jojoba seedlings fertigated with 100% ammonium was twice as high as that of plants fertigated with 100% nitrate.
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Hultine, Kevin R. "Water uptake by Prosopis velutina: The role of soil hydraulic limits and root function." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290113.

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The encroachment of deeply rooted woody plants into grasslands throughout the world has the potential to alter local, regional, and global water balance. The consequence of encroachment by woody plants on ecosystem water balance is, in part, related to the sensitivity of these plants to summer and winter precipitation pulses. This dissertation addresses the primary question: does pulse sensitivity of a dominant warm-desert woody plant, velvet mesquite (Prosopis velutina Woot.) vary across soil texture and water availability gradients? To address this question, sap flow and xylem anatomy and function were evaluated in mature velvet mesquite trees at two upland sites varying in soil texture at the Santa Rita Experimental Range (SRER), and one floodplain site along the San Pedro River National Conservation Area (SPRNCA). Experimental irrigation was used to assess the sensitivity of mesquite plants to small and large precipitation pulses. There was a moderate response to both small (10 mm) and large (35 mm) irrigation inputs by trees on sandy-loam soil, while trees on loamy-clay soil were only responsive to the large pulse. The differential response between sites was associated with differences in infiltration of the experimental pulses between the two soil types. Model predictions of the critical transpiration rate (Ecrit )--above which hydraulic conductivity through the soil-plant continuum falls to zero--showed that trees at the sandy-loam site operated well below their maximum transpiration rate before the onset of the monsoon. Conversely, plants on loamy-clay soils likely operate closer to their maximum permissible transpiration rates throughout the growing season. Hydraulic redistribution was observed and rates were tightly coupled to growing season and dormant season precipitation inputs. Hydraulic redistribution could enhance pulse sensitivity by transferring soil water to regions of the root zone that are otherwise dry, thereby allowing a greater proportion of the root system to participate in the extraction of pulse water during transpiration. Results from this research suggest that patterns of mesquite water relations are strongly mediated by soil texture. Nevertheless, once established, mesquite plants substantially modify ecosystem water balance, due to their responsiveness to growing season precipitation pulses, and their ability to withstand severe water deficits between precipitation pulses.
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Fravolini, Alessandra. "Response of Mesquite (Prosopis velutina Woot.) Carbon-Water Relations to Variations in Soil Texture and Precipitation." Diss., Tucson, Arizona : University of Arizona, 2006. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu%5Fetd%5F1477%5F1%5Fm.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Sun, Wei. "Velvet mesquite (Prosopis velutina) encroachment and ecosystem CO₂ exchange in semiarid grassland insights from stable isotope measurements /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1960208391&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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9

Shepard, Robert Michal. "Tree Rings In Velvet Mesquite (Prosopis velutina Woot.): An Exploratory Study of Wood Anatomy, Crossdating, Climate-Growth Relationships, Life History, and Above-Ground Biomass." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605122.

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Velvet mesquite (Prosopis velutina Woot.) is a common tree in semi-arid, southwestern U.S. savanna ecosystems. While there are studies that examine some of the physiological and ecological aspects of this tree (response to fire, net ecosystem exchange, encroachment into grasslands, yearly growth through dendrometer bands, among others), the wood anatomical features of a growth ring, suitability for dendrochronological research, life history, and above-ground biomass through time are knowledge gaps that can be filled. The purpose of this study was to examine these gaps in order to better understand the role of velvet mesquite in these ecosystems. Wood anatomical analysis showed that velvet mesquite has a semi-ring porous structure and termination of the growth ring is indicated by a small band of parenchyma. Visual crossdating of velvet mesquite was successful but a complex growth habit, with both eccentric and lobate growth, combined with ecological pressures hampered statistical validation of the chronology. Seasonal climate-growth analysis of dated rings showed a strong positive correlation to previous year September and October precipitation and a strong positive partial correlation to previous year September and August mean temperature. Life history through growth curve analysis showed no age related growth trend (either s-shaped or log normal) indicating the maximum age of velvet mesquite stems sampled (130 years old) can become much older with many releases and few suppressions. Above-ground biomass of these trees are low compared to higher elevation forest biomass, but similar to other savanna ecosystems of the southwest. The use of velvet mesquite in dendrochronological research would greatly benefit from a complete analysis of wood anatomy, and addition of more samples from various locations to verify dates and begin building more reliable chronologies for this species across its range. These additions would allow for a greater understanding of stand and tree level responses through suppressions and releases, and understand the biomass accumulated above-ground through time.
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Aguillon, Stepfanie. "Ashes to Ashes, Dust to Dust: Decomposition in the Desert." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/197969.

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Decomposition, the process of breaking down organic material into its increasingly finer physical and chemical constituents, is an important component in the cycling of carbon and nutrients through an ecosystem. While ultraviolet (UV) radiation is known to be detrimental to human health, might it also play an important role in decomposition, and consequently soil fertility and land cover, in the arid southwestern US? To address this question, a 4-week field experiment was designed to quantify decomposition under contrasting radiant energy regimes at the Santa Rita Experimental Range near Tucson from July-August 2011. Velvet mesquite (Prosopis velutina) leaves were placed in litterbags constructed with fiberglass mesh and plastic that was either UV transparent or UV-B absorbing. The litterbags were deployed in open areas receiving full sun or in the shaded area beneath a shrub canopy. Leaf mass loss (an indicator of decomposition rates), soil-surface temperature, levels of photosynthetically active radiation, soil moisture, and precipitation were quantified over the 4-week period. UV (present vs. absent) and radiant energy environments (open areas vs. shaded) were compared using a mixed-effect model controlling for temporal autocorrelation. Soil-surface temperatures and decomposition rates in open areas were significantly higher (F1, 64 = 89.4, p < 0.0001; F1, 97 = 4.83, p = 0.0303, respectively) than those in shaded areas, but did not differ between UV treatments (F1, 97 = 0.064, p = 0.8012). These results suggest that over a short time period, radiant energy levels influence decomposition, but via temperature effects rather than via levels of UV.
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Book chapters on the topic "Prosopis velutina"

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"Cultural Instructions Prosopis juliflora, velutina, glandulosa, pubescens." In Blues for Cannibals, 1–4. University of Texas Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7560/316870-002.

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