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1
RAO, M. B. Ramachandra. "Geophysical prospecting methods." MAUSAM 1, no. 2 (February 9, 2022): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v1i2.4467.
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Fenta, Mulugeta C., David K. Potter, and János Szanyi. "Fibre Optic Methods of Prospecting: A Comprehensive and Modern Branch of Geophysics." Surveys in Geophysics 42, no. 3 (March 9, 2021): 551–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10712-021-09634-8.
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AbstractOver the past decades, the development of fibre optic cables, which pass light waves carrying data guided by total internal reflection, has led to advances in high-speed and long-distance communication, large data transmission, optical imaging, and sensing applications. Thus far, fibre optic sensors (FOSs) have primarily been employed in engineering, biomedicine, and basic sciences, with few reports of their usage in geophysics as point and distributed sensors. This work aimed at reviewing the studies on the use of FOSs in geophysical applications with their fundamental principles and technological improvements. FOSs based on Rayleigh, Brillouin, and Raman scatterings and fibre Bragg grating sensors are reviewed based on their sensing performance comprising sensing range, spatial resolution, and measurement parameters. The recent progress in applying distributed FOSs to detect acoustic, temperature, pressure, and strain changes, as either single or multiple parameters simultaneously on surface and borehole survey environments with their cable deployment techniques, has been systematically reviewed. Despite the development of fibre optic sensor technology and corresponding experimental reports of applications in geophysics, there have not been attempts to summarise and synthesise fibre optic methods for prospecting as a comprehensive and modern branch of geophysics. Therefore, this paper outlines the fibre optic prospecting methods, with an emphasis on their advantages, as a guide for the geophysical community. The potential of the new outlined fibre optic prospecting methods to revolutionise conventional geophysical approaches is discussed. Finally, the future challenges and limitations of the new prospecting methods for geophysical applications are elucidated.
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Kulikov, V. A., A. G. Yakovlev, and V. A. Polikarpova. "SOME PROBLEMS OF ELECTRICAL GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTING METHODS USED FOR EXPLORATION OF ORE DEPOSITS." Geodynamics & Tectonophysics 12, no. 3S (October 19, 2021): 731–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5800/gt-2021-12-3s-0550.
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Electrical geophysical prospecting methods are widely used at different stages of geological exploration. In the last two decades, new computer technologies and satellite navigation systems were successfully introduced in the geophysical industry. As a result, exploration technologies have improved, and new geophysical methods have been developed, such as electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and spectral induced polarization (SIP) methods. An important role in ore geophysics is played by magnetotelluric (MT) methods. In this article, we focus on the issues of methodology and interpretation of electrical prospecting data for solving ore exploration problems. Special attention is paid to the induced polarization (IP) method that is most widely used in mineral exploration and mining industry as one of the most important and most dynamically developing techniques of ore geophysics. In addition, the issues of correct choices of survey scales and the use of automatic 2D and 3D inversion programs are considered.
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Zhao, Chuanting, Jiantao Ran, Lijun Xue, Kaifei Wang, and Yangang Cui. "Application of Geophysical Technology in Engineering Investigation." E3S Web of Conferences 338 (2022): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202233801003.
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With the development of science and technology and the progress of society, various high and new technologies have increasingly shown their respective advantages. Among them, geophysical prospecting technology is a typical representative. Because it can greatly improve the speed and efficiency of engineering, and at the same time, it also plays an important role in engineering safety and prevention. Therefore, it is widely promoted and applied, especially in engineering survey work. This article studies the importance of geophysical prospecting in engineering exploration, the methods of geophysical prospecting technology, the application of geophysical prospecting technology, and the development trend of geophysical prospecting technology. How to better understand the application of geophysical prospecting technology and rationally choose working methods and methods, so as to serve the geological exploration work to the utmost extent, is an important topic that needs to be solved and studied urgently.
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Gan, Jie, Hui Li, Zhengwei He, Yu Gan, Junqing Mu, Huan Liu, and Lin Wang. "Application and Significance of Geological, Geochemical, and Geophysical Methods in the Nanpo Gold Field in Laos." Minerals 12, no. 1 (January 14, 2022): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12010096.
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As the main part of the Indosinian metallogenic province in the eastern part of the Tethys metallogenic domain, Southeast Asia has experienced multiple stages of tectonic magnetic activities accompanied by the formation of rich mineral resources. However, due to the undeveloped economy, low degree of geological work, dense vegetation cover, and lack of obvious prospecting marks, traditional geological prospecting work in the area is not optimal. Consequently, the combination of high-precision geophysics and geochemistry has become an important method of looking for ore bodies deep underground in this area. The Nanpo gold deposit is a hydrothermal gold deposit that occurs in the Indosinian felsic volcanic rock body, and its mineralization is closely related to felsic magmatism. This study carried out comprehensive geophysical and geochemical exploration methods of soil geochemical survey, induced polarization (IP) survey, and audio-frequency magnetotelluric (AMT) survey. Based on the characteristics of geophysical and geochemical anomalies, geological inference, and interpretation, the integrated geophysical and geochemical prospecting criteria of the ore area have been determined: The large-scale and overlapping Au-Ag-Cu anomaly area in the host felsic magmatic rocks (mainly diorite, monzodiorite and granodiorite) is a favorable metallogenic area. Two anomalies, P1–H1 and P3–H6, with the best metallogenetic conditions and the deepest extensions of the known ore bodies, were further selected as engineering verification targets. After the study of the drill core, gold (mineralized) bodies consistent with the anomalies were found, indicating that the combined method is suitable for the exploration of mineral resources in this area, and the prospecting effect is good. At the same time, the metallogenic prediction shows that the deep part of the mining area still has great metallogenic prospects and prospecting potential. The characteristics of geophysical and geochemical anomalies and prospecting experience in the study area can provide references for the prospecting of hydrothermal gold deposits in the Luang Prabang–Loei structural belt.
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V. M., Tretyak, and Govorov O. F. "On the possibility of using the methods of geophysical electrical exploration for current control of the quality of soil processing." MECHANICS and AUTOMATICS of AGROINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION, no. 2(116) (2023): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.37204/2786-7775-2023-2-20.
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Purpose. Improving the quality of tillage by creating an indicator of current control to be installed at the machine-tractor unit. Methods. Based on the analysis of methods of geophysical research of the earth’s crust, a method of current control of soil cultivation during technological operations is proposed. Results. Variants of block diagrams of integral indicators of the quality of execution of technological processes of soil cultivation using methods of geophysical electrical prospecting are proposed. Conclusions 1. To ensure the quality of soil cultivation, it is necessary to use continuous current control methods. 2. It is expedient to create an indicator of integral soil tillage quality control for installation on existing machine-tractor units using the existing theoretical developments of geophysical electrical prospecting. 3. Modern means of measuring and processing the results allow creating indicators of the current integrated quality control of soil cultivation. Keywords: machine-tractor unit, quality, tillage, geophysics, electric survey.
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Song, Mingchun, Guoqiang Xue, Hongbo Liu, Yixin Li, Chunyan He, Hongjun Wang, Bin Wang, Yingxin Song, and Shiyong Li. "A Geological-Geophysical Prospecting Model for Deep-Seated Gold Deposits in the Jiaodong Peninsula, China." Minerals 11, no. 12 (December 9, 2021): 1393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11121393.
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The North China Craton is one of China’s major gold-producing areas. Breakthroughs have been continually made in deep prospecting at depths of 500–2000 m in the Jiaodong Peninsula, and geophysical methods have played an important role. Given that the geophysical signals of deep-seated gold deposits are difficult to detect, due to their thick overburden layers, conventional geophysical methods are not suitable for deep prospecting. Therefore, this study upgrades the geological-geophysical prospecting model, which is based on the deep metallogenic model and geophysical method of large exploration depths. Based on the analysis of the metallogenic geological factors of the altered-rock-type gold deposits in the fracture zones of the Jiaodong Peninsula, this study proposes that the gold deposits are controlled by large-scale faults, generally occur near the contact interfaces between the Early Precambrian metamorphic rock series and Mesozoic granitoids, and exhibit a stepped metallogenic model. This model then becomes the prerequisite and basic condition for deep prospecting by geophysical methods. For this reason, the traditional geophysical model, which focuses on the exploration of shallow mineralization anomalies, is transformed into a comprehensive multi-parameter geological-geophysical qualitative prospecting model highlighting the exploration of ore-controlling structural planes. The model adopts various frequency domain methods (e.g., CSAMT, AMT, WFEM), reflection seismology, and other methods to detect the deep geological structure. The characteristics of parameters such as gravity and magnetism, resistivity, polarizability, and the seismic reflection spectrum are applied to identify the ore-controlling fault location and dip angle change, and to estimate the ore-bearing location according to the stepped metallogenic model. The prospecting demonstration of deep-seated gold deposits in the Shuiwangzhuang mining area indicates the effectiveness of the comprehensive model. The comprehensive deep prospecting model effectively solves the problem of deep prospecting of gold deposits controlled by faults, promotes the great breakthrough of deep prospecting in the Jiaodong Peninsula, and provides an important technology demonstration for deep prospecting throughout China.
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Yue, Lei. "Application of Geophysical Technique in the Coal Mining." International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) 11, no. 7 (August 31, 2015): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v11i7.4759.
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Although coal is one of the most prevalent energy resources in the world, coal production has been a high risk industry due to its frequent accidents, especially in the developing nations. As well known, the main reason for that problem is that the potential disaster sources are not prospected before coal mining. Hence, it is very necessary to be advanced prospecting before the coal mining. Usually, the work of advanced prospecting can be done by the geophysical methods. According to the difference of disasters source physical characters, different geophysical methods can be employed. Because of different geophysical methods owning their advantages and disadvantages, this paper provides a general introduction to the most important methods used in the coal mining. These methods represent a primary tool for advanced prospecting to the disaster source. Although their main application is in prospecting disaster source in the coal mining, the methods are also used in other fields, for example, railway tunnel, environmental engineering and city construction. Consequently, geophysical method is of importance not only to geophysicists but also to geologists, engineers and archaeologists. The paper only covers the basic physical principles, methodology, and application fields of the various survey methods
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Ruslan Malikov, Gulam Babayev, Ruslan Malikov, Gulam Babayev. "THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN GEOSCIENCES: CONCEPTUAL REVIEW." PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 43, no. 08-01 (June 14, 2024): 500–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/pahtei4308012024-56.
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Geophysics is the branch of Earth science that applies the principles and methods of physics to the study of the Earth. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), are transforming the field by providing powerful tools for data processing, analysis, and prediction. Traditional geophysical methods are often challenged by data complexity, non-unique solutions, and human interpretation limitations. AI algorithms trained on large datasets can identify intricate patterns and relationships within the data, leading to improved accuracy and efficiency. In this review, we provide an overview of the development of AI in the geophysical field such as seismic exploration. Specific examples illustrate the application of AI in geophysical workflows, highlighting the results achieved in areas such as seismic data processing, reservoir characterization, and automated seismic interpretation. Keywords: geophysics, seismic prospecting, exploration geophysics, artificial intelligence, machine learning, deep learning
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Kasyanova, N. A. "Ways to improve the reliability of interpreting the results of geophysical surveys performed for the local forecast and prospecting for solid minerals: a geodynamic approach." Proceedings of higher educational establishments. Geology and Exploration 63, no. 4 (October 12, 2021): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-4-73-79.
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Background. The geodynamic approach is effectively used in regional forecasting and prospecting works. However, its application for local forecasting and prospecting for solid minerals is limited and sometimes impossible. One of the key problems of local forecasting and prospecting for minerals (solid, liquid, gaseous) is the presence of non-standard (flickering) geophysical anomalies, which complicates the interpretation of the results of geophysical surveys performed at different times at different stages of geological exploration. The article is devoted to clarifying the possibility of using geodynamic research in local forecasting and prospecting for solid minerals on the basis of attracting the latest scientific knowledge from the field of studying the spatio-temporal patterns of the development of modern geodynamic processes and their influence on the Earth’s geophysical fields. Aim. To increase the reliability of interpreting the results of geophysical surveys performed for local forecasting and prospecting for solid minerals.Materials and methods. The research was carried out on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of literature data, fund materials and the results of many years of the author’s own research in the fields of modern geodynamics and prospecting and exploration geodynamics. The initial data were based on the monitoring data of various Earth’s geophysical fields (deformation, seismic, and surface magnetic).Results. A geodynamic reason for the appearance of flickering anomalies in the Earth’s geophysical fields (in particular, magnetic) has been established, and a mechanism for their formation under the influence of modern geodynamic processes has been proposed. The possibility of using the geodynamic approach in the prospecting for solid minerals has been expanded, and ways to increasing the efficiency of local searches have been proposed.Conclusions. The research demonstrates the possibility of using geodynamic studies in local prospecting for solid minerals, which helps to increase the reliability of the results of interpretation of geophysical survey data, and, as a result, to reduce the overall financial and time costs involved with searching for mineral deposits.
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Sáez Blázquez, Cristina, Pedro Carrasco García, Ignacio Martín Nieto, Miguel Ángel Maté-González, Arturo Farfán Martín, and Diego González-Aguilera. "Characterizing Geological Heterogeneities for Geothermal Purposes through Combined Geophysical Prospecting Methods." Remote Sensing 12, no. 12 (June 17, 2020): 1948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12121948.
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Geothermal energy is becoming essential to deal with the catastrophic effect of climate change. Although the totality of the Earth’s crust allows the exploitation of shallow geothermal resources, it is important to identify those areas with higher thermal possibilities. In this sense, geophysical prospecting plays a vital role in the recognition and estimation of potential geothermal resources. This research evaluates the geothermal conditions of a certain area located in the center of Spain. The evaluation is mainly based on geological and geophysical studies and, in particular, the Time Domain Electromagnetic Method and the Electrical Resistivity Tomography. Once we analyzed the geology and the historical thermal evidence near the study area, our geophysical results were used to define the geothermal possibilities from a double perspective. In relation to anomalous heat gradient, the identification of a fault and the contact with impermeable granitic materials at the depth of 180 m denotes a potential location for the extraction of groundwater. Regarding the common ground-source heat-pump uses, the analysis has allowed the determination of the most appropriate area for the location of the geothermal well field. Finally, the importance of accurately defining the position of the drillings was confirmed by using software GES-CAL.
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AKHMETOV, Yermek M., Kambar M. ASSEMOV, and Victor N. SHAYTOROV. "Geophysical survey of earthen dam using the electrical prospecting methods." Contributions to Geophysics and Geodesy 50, no. 2 (July 29, 2020): 249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31577/congeo.2020.50.2.4.
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The hydraulic structures for the land reclamation needs and their operation are the objects of careful attention. The water-bearing earth dams of small height pose an extra danger, where the accident occurs the most often. Such facilities should be constantly monitored to prevent the dangerous incidents. The article discusses an alternative method for studying the filtration properties of earth dams by the electrical parameters – resistivity, induced polarization and self-potential. The relative polarizability was used to exclude the influence of electrical resistivity to the induced polarization data. A study of advanced technology to identify the filter zones was carried out on an earthen dam in the Almaty region, Kazakhstan. The measurement data for three profiles are presented as the sections form in the parameters of resistivity and relative polarizability. Their complex interpretation with the respect of self-potential data, is given as a diagram of probable filtration paths. This is possibly due to the local increased watering in the dam loamy body. Then, the electric and self-potential parameters were evaluated to determine the filtering zones. The study results of above parameters have identified several water-saturated zones in the dam body. This technology could be used to estimate the condition of such objects and their engineering-geological monitoring.
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Demchenko, N. P., V. B. Rostovshchikov, I. V. Kolokolova, I. A. Marakova, and D. S. Volkov. "New methods of predicting and prospecting/exploration of hydrocarbon deposits to improve exploration performance in the Timan-Pechora oil and gas province." Gornye nauki i tekhnologii = Mining Science and Technology (Russia) 7, no. 4 (December 26, 2022): 274–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2500-0632-2022-04-07.
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The Timan-Pechora oil and gas province remains rather promising for the discovery of new hydrocarbon fields and deposits, including large ones. However, in recent years, the efficiency of oil and gas prospecting and exploration has been rather low. At relatively high exploration maturity of prognostic oil resources (> 50%) and low exploration maturity of gas resources (about 30%), prospecting for new fields and deposits focuses on nonstandard geological conditions of their occurrence. This, in turn, requires the development of new methods and technologies for the development of such resources and the simulation of hydrocarbon systems and specific deposits, reflecting their non-standard occurrence and structure, thereby making prospecting more complicated. Therefore, the determination of rational methodological approaches to prediction, prospecting, and exploration of hydrocarbon deposits represents an urgent scientific and applied task.A comprehensive analysis of geological and geophysical characteristics of the promising targets based on the data of up-to-date seismic exploration and drilling ensures that complex traps are mapped by geophysical methods and prognostic resources and reserves of discovered deposits are estimated more precisely and confidently. Integration and analysis of geological and geophysical research materials using advanced methods and technologies can significantly expand oil and gas prospects and optimize the prospecting for productive traps and increase exploration efficiency by reducing the risk of unproductive wells.This paper presents and discusses the options for predicting oil and gas potential and provides recommendations for prospecting hydrocarbon deposits using up-to-date methods and technologies for interpreting geological and geophysical data. The research targets were terrigenous and carbonate natural reservoirs in the northeastern part of the Timan-Pechora oil and gas province, including the shelf of the Pechora Sea, Izhma- Pechora and Khoreiver Basins situated in different structural and tectonic zones. The analysis of extensive geological information has revealed that these areas exhibit all the necessary conditions for the existence of unique geological features and the potential for the discovery of oil and gas deposits therein.
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Zhang, Xuan, and Jin Yang. "The Application of Geophysical Methods in Groundwater Pollution Detection." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 1209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.1209.
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Groundwater refers to the subsurface water that occurs beneath the water table in geological formation that are fully saturated. 95% of the water used for human production and living comes from groundwater. But now, the pollution degree of groundwater resources is serious, which is a serious threat to human. In order to capture groundwater pollution's situation, groundwater pollution detection should be carried out. Because of the geophysical methods are of low cost, high speed and the characteristics of in-situ nondestructive, people often used geophysical methods for groundwater pollution detection. Geophysical prospecting contains a lot of methods, and the researchers often use resistivity sounding method, ground penetrating radar method, high density resistivity method and seismic reflection method to detect the pollution condition of groundwater.
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Kharisov, Timur F., Vitalii V. Melnik, and Aleksei L. Zamiatin. "Geophysical researches in mine." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Gornyi zhurnal 7, no. 7 (November 11, 2020): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2020-7-49-55.
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Introduction. Geophysical methods of rock mass research are among the most effective ways of solving various mining problems being widely used in mining, gas and oil industry, as well as in science. They allow to conduct prospecting and prospect evaluation remotely, to reveal structural heterogeneity, cavities, zones of contacts of various environments in the rock mass with rather high precision. The article contains an example of solution to the problem of finding a fallen and spread through three-tier shelf in an operated shaft. Research methodology. Spectral seismic profile (SSP) method and GPR were used for prospecting. SSP is based on the dependence between the spectral composition of the oscillatory process occurring when rock mass exposed surface undergoes impact effect, and the structure of the rock mass. GPR method is based on the reflection of the electromagnetic wave from boundaries between media with different electrophysical properties. Research results. Geophysical methods have made it possible to identify the following boundaries of the metal shelf filled with rock mass inside the vertical shaft: 5.5–6.0 m, 10.5–11.0 m, 15 m. Combined results of the two measurement methods and their comparative analysis show rather high convergence therefore confirming the reliability of the obtained results. Exploration drilling of downholes from the level working confirmed the obtained results.
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Martín Nieto, Ignacio, Cristina Sáez Blázquez, Arturo Farfán Martín, Pedro Carrasco García, and Diego González-Aguilera. "Application of electric and electromagnetic methods, combined with thermal properties analysis, to the characterization of low and medium enthalpy geothermal resources." BOLETÍN GEOLÓGICO Y MINERO 134, no. 3 (September 2023): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21701/bolgeomin/134.3/003.
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The relationship between the thermal properties of the ground and the efficiency of geothermal installations located in the ground is well known. The different geologies and subsurface structures have a decisive influence on the behavior of a given location with respect to heat exchanges. The electrical and electromagnetic methods of geophysical prospecting can be useful in determining the compositions and structures present in a given area in order to be able to perform energy modeling that will help to design more precisely the ideal geothermal heat exchanger for that area. In this work we study the relationship, observed in different studies, between the geological structure and the electromagnetic magnitude measurements collected from these prospecting methods. Possibilities are also explored in contact with the idea of relating electromagnetic and thermal magnitudes in the search for new ideas to develop more accurate methods of geophysical prospecting of the geothermal resource.
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Peñafiel, Lilia, Francisco Javier Alcalá, and Javier Senent-Aparicio. "Usefulness of Compiled Geophysical Prospecting Surveys in Groundwater Research in the Metropolitan District of Quito in Northern Ecuador." Applied Sciences 11, no. 23 (November 24, 2021): 11144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112311144.
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As in other large Andean cities, the population in the Metropolitan District of Quito (MDQ) in northern Ecuador is growing, and groundwater is becoming essential to meet the increasing urban water demand. Quito’s Public Water Supply Company (EPMAPS) is promoting groundwater research for sustainable water supply, and geophysical prospecting surveys are used to define aquifer geometry and certain transient groundwater features. This paper examines the usefulness of existing geophysical prospecting surveys in groundwater research in the MDQ. A database was built using 23 representative geophysical prospecting surveys compiled from EPMAPS’ public repository, official geotechnical research reports, and the scientific literature. Fifteen EPMAPS-promoted surveys used near-surface electrical techniques (seven used electrical resistivity tomography and eight used vertical electrical sounding) to explore Holocene and Pleistocene sedimentary and volcano-sedimentary formations in the 25–500-m prospecting depth range, some of which form shallow aquifers used for water supply. Four other surveys used near-surface seismic techniques (refraction microtremor) for geotechnical research in civil works. These surveys have been reinterpreted to define shallow aquifer geometry. Finally, four surveys compiled from the scientific literature used electromagnetic techniques (magnetotelluric sounding and other very low-frequency methods) to explore Holocene to late Pliocene formations, some of which form thick regional aquifers catalogued as the larger freshwater reservoirs in the MDQ. However, no geophysical prospecting surveys exploring the complete saturated thickness of the Pliocene aquifers could be compiled. Geophysical prospecting surveys with greater penetration depth are proposed to bridge this research gap, which prevents the accurate assessment of the renewable groundwater fraction of the regional aquifers in the MDQ that can be exploited sustainably.
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Saurykov, Zh, S. Istekova, A. Sirazhev, and Zh Aidarbekov. "Predicted resource assessment of Central Kazakhsta ore districts based on airborne geophysical methods." Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, no. 5 (October 30, 2023): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2023-5/019.
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Purpose. The research is aimed at creating a high-quality geophysical basis for the additional geological study of Central Kazakhstan in determining the geological structure of the study area, identifying promising areas for further geological exploration, as well as analyzing the anomalous distribution of various minerals. Methodology. The research uses the methods of aeromagnetic, airborne gamma-ray spectrometry and gravimetric (ground) surveys. The obtained new airborne geophysical data are used for additional study of the geological structure of the district and the creation of a model of the geological structure of the study area. Gamma-ray spectrometry data analysis is conducted for detailed mapping of intrusive complexes and study of their lithological heterogeneity. Findings. The processing and interpretation of the materials of the conducted field studies in combination with the results of the geological-geophysical data analysis made it possible to refine the geological structure and to present a model of ore-prospecting complexes in the study area. Areas with an anomalous distribution of potassium, uranium, and thorium have been identified, which make it possible to assess the structural heterogeneity of hidden magmatic massifs and to reveal a connection with gold, copper-polymetallic and rare-metal mineralization. Recommendations for further detailed geological exploration, including prospecting-exploration drilling, are given. Originality. Research has shown the high efficiency of airborne geophysical methods, such as aeromagnetic and airborne gamma-ray spectrometry surveys to study the geological structure of ore areas, and in combination with detailed gravimetric exploration to identify lithological heterogeneity of igneous and sedimentary rocks in the study area. New scientific-methodological techniques and the geological structure model based on them gave an opportunity to assess the prospect of the study area for ore mineralization. Practical value. The identified promising areas for mining of minerals are of interest for further research and exploration. The integrated use of geological-geophysical data will make it possible to determine more precisely the nature of radioactive anomalies and to reveal their relationship with ore-prospecting horizons. In general, the research results contribute to increasing the efficiency and reducing the geological survey costs.
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Ji, Yanju, Tingzhe Huang, Wanyu Huang, and Liangliang Rong. "Meshfree Method in Geophysical Electromagnetic Prospecting: The 2D Magnetotelluric Example." International Journal of Computational Methods 15, no. 02 (September 28, 2017): 1750084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876217500840.
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As an important supplement and development of traditional methods, the meshfree method has received a great deal of attention in the field of engineering calculation, and has been successfully used to solve many problems which traditional methods have difficulty in solving. However, the application of meshfree method is relatively less in the area of geophysics. In this paper, we apply the meshfree method to the numerical simulation of geophysical electromagnetic prospecting, taking the 2D magnetotelluric as an example and deduce the corresponding meshfree radial point interpolation method (RPIM) equivalent linear equations in detail. The high-efficiency and accurate solutions of large-scale sparse linear equations are solved by the quasi-minimal residual method based on Krylov subspace. The optimal values of the shape parameters are given by numerical experiments. The correctness of the meshfree method is verified by a layered model. The root mean square error of the calculation results is no more than 0.35%, its accuracy is superior to the finite element method. We also compare the meshfree solution with FEM solution by calculating an inclined vein body model, and the calculation results are in good agreement. A continuously changing fault model and undulating terrain model which traditional methods have difficulty in simulating are respectively calculated, the sectional profiles of the apparent resistivity accurately reflect the trend of the anomalies. The meshfree method does not require the complicated mesh generation, and the physical parameters are loaded at a series of points, thus it is especially suitable for the calculation of the complex geological models. With the rapid development of computational science, the meshfree techniques will certainly become a new robust numerical simulation method in geophysical electromagnetic prospecting.
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Li, Wenhao, Qisheng Zhang, Qimao Zhang, Feng Guo, Shuaiqing Qiao, Shiyang Liu, Yueyun Luo, Yuefeng Niu, and Xing Heng. "Development of a distributed hybrid seismic–electrical data acquisition system based on the Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) technology." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 8, no. 2 (August 12, 2019): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-8-177-2019.
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Abstract. The ambiguity of geophysical inversions, which is based on a single geophysical method, is a long-standing problem in geophysical exploration. Therefore, multi-method geophysical prospecting has become a popular topic. In multi-method geophysical prospecting, the joint inversion of seismic and electric data has been extensively researched for decades. However, the methods used for hybrid seismic–electric data acquisition that form the base for multi-method geophysical prospecting techniques have not yet been explored in detail. In this work, we developed a distributed, high-precision, hybrid seismic–electrical data acquisition system using advanced Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) technology. The system was equipped with a hybrid data acquisition board, a high-performance embedded motherboard based on field-programmable gate array, an advanced RISC machine, and host software. The data acquisition board used an ADS1278 24 bit analog-to-digital converter and FPGA-based digital filtering techniques to perform high-precision data acquisition. The equivalent input noise of the data acquisition board was only 0.5 µV with a sampling rate of 1000 samples per second and front-end gain of 40 dB. The multiple data acquisition stations of our system were synchronized using oven-controlled crystal oscillators and global positioning system technologies. Consequently, the clock frequency error of the system was less than 10−9 Hz at 1 Hz after calibration, and the synchronization accuracy of the data acquisition stations was ±200 ns. The use of sophisticated NB-IoT technologies allowed the long-distance wireless communication between the control center and the data acquisition stations. In validation experiments, it was found that our system was operationally stable and reliable, produced highly accurate data, and it was functionally flexible and convenient. Furthermore, using this system, it is also possible to monitor the real-time quality of data acquisition processes. We believe that the results obtained in this study will drive the advancement of prospective integrated seismic–electrical technologies and promote the use of IoT technologies in geophysical instrumentation.
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Vyzhva, S., V. Onyshchuk, I. Onyshchuk, M. Reva, and O. Shabatura. "METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF GEOPHYSICAL STUDIES OF KARST DANGEROUS TERRITORIES." Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geology, no. 1 (92) (2021): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.92.04.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of the methodological principles of applying geophysical research methods in the study of karst-hazardous territories. The tasks that are posed in specialized studies of karst and geophysical methods for their solution are given. Four stages of specialized studies of karst-hazardous territories are identified: reconnaissance-methodological, prospecting, reconnaissance and monitoring. The set of geophysical methods for the development of these stages are determined. It is noted that a rational set of geophysical methods in the study of karst processes is determined for each individual natural environment (individual site). The possibility of performing field research by a separate geophysical method in this area, the presence of differentiation in rocks according to their physical properties which are used by a specific geophysical method and economic efficiency of the application of this geophysical method were taken into account. As an example, some results of geophysical studies carried out in the framework of the Lyubensky field of native sulfur are given.
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Kseniia, Vandysheva. "The 75th Anniversary of Professor Vladimir V. Filatov Essay on scientific and educational activity." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal 5 (October 20, 2022): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2022-5-100-107.
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The article focuses on scientific and educational activity of Vladimir V. Filatov, DSc in Geology and Mineralogy, Professor, professor of the Vladimir State University, and a specialist in exploration geophysics. The Professor’s research is devoted to the development of theory, methodology and practical application of geophysical methods for mineral prospecting and exploration, geological mapping, the study of urban geoenvironment tectonic structure and dynamic behaviour and forecasting hazardous dynamic events in urban areas. A brief biography and main results of scientific work are provided.
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He, Jingzi, Tengfei Ge, Hongjie Tan, Xuzhao Huang, Shengqing Xiong, Zhengguo Fan, and Dalong Dai. "An Efficient and Economical Combination of Exploration Methods for Pb-Zn Polymetallic Skarn Deposits: A Case Study of the Periphery of Hetaoping Deposit, Yunnan Province, China." Minerals 12, no. 6 (June 13, 2022): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12060749.
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The Hetaoping ore district in Baoshan City, Yunnan Province, is one of the major localities of Pb-Zn polymetallic skarn deposits in China, where geophysical and geochemical surveys play an important role in exploring Pb-Zn polymetallic mineral resources. Based on the exploration and prospecting carried out at the periphery of the Hetaoping Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit, this study proposed an aero-ground joint exploration method to determine the metallogenic model of distal skarns in the Hetaoping ore district, achieving ideal prospecting results. The steps of this method are as follows. First, the locations of ore-induced anomalies were determined using high-amplitude aeromagnetic anomalies. Then, the ore-induced anomalies were determined to be anomalies of Pb-Zn polymetallic deposits through geochemical surveys of soil samples and ground geophysical surveys. Based on these data, a quantitative analysis and metallogenic potential assessment of ore bodies and their surrounding rocks were conducted using the interactive 2.5D magnetic inversion. In addition, the 3D inversion of regional gravity data was also performed in order to determine the spatial location of the deep magma chamber. Accordingly, the metallogenic geological process in this area was analyzed by determining the spatial morphology of the deep magma chamber, and a prospecting model of the Pb-Zn polymetallic deposits was finally built. The results show that the aero-ground joint exploration method, which first conducts a rapid scanning survey using the aeromagnetic method and then locates, distinguishes, and assesses significant aeromagnetic anomalies by combining comprehensive verification means such as ground geophysical, geochemical, and geological surveys, is efficient and economical. This study will guide regional metallogenic research and the exploration and prospecting of Pb-Zn polymetallic deposits.
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Ihbach, Fatim-Zahra, Azzouz Kchikach, Mohammed Jaffal, Driss El Azzab, Oussama Khadiri Yazami, Es-Said Jourani, José Antonio Peña Ruano, Oier Ardanaz Olaiz, and Luis Vizcaíno Dávila. "Geophysical Prospecting for Groundwater Resources in Phosphate Deposits (Morocco)." Minerals 10, no. 10 (September 24, 2020): 842. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10100842.
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The Moroccan phosphate deposits are the largest in the world. Phosphatic layers are extracted in open-pit mines mainly in the sedimentary basins of Gantour and Ouled Abdoun in Central Morocco. The purpose of this study was to prospect and evaluate the water potential of aquifers incorporated in the phosphatic series using the following geophysical methods: Magnetic resonance sounding (MRS), electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), time-domain electromagnetics (TDEM), and frequency-domain electromagnetics (FDEM). The objective was, on the one hand, to contribute to the success of the drinking water supply program in rural areas around mining sites, and on the other hand, to delimit flooded layers in the phosphatic series to predict the necessary mining design for their extraction. The use of geophysical methods made it possible to stratigraphically locate the most important aquifers of the phosphatic series. Their hydraulic parameters can be evaluated using the MRS method while the mapping of their recharge areas is possible through FDEM surveys. The results obtained in two selected experimental zones in the mining sites of Youssoufia and Khouribga are discussed in this paper. The application of the implemented approach to large phosphate mines is in progress in partnership with the mining industry.
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Milosevic, Gordana, Daniel Peters, and Holger Wendling. "Geophysical survey at late roman Mediana." Starinar, no. 61 (2011): 275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sta1161275m.
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This article discusses the results of geophysical surveys conducted at Mediana, near the town Nis (Serbia) in April 2010. The research was realized in cooperation with the Romano-Germanic Commission of the German Archaeological Institute, the Archaeological Institute and the University of Belgrade. Mediana geomagnetic prospecting sites, as a form of non-destructive methods of investigation, provided many new details about the architectural and archaeological remains, particularly in the eastern part of the site.
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Demanet, Donat, François Renardy, Kris Vanneste, Denis Jongmans, Thierry Camelbeeck, and Mustapha Meghraoui. "The use of geophysical prospecting for imaging active faults in the Roer Graben, Belgium." GEOPHYSICS 66, no. 1 (January 2001): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444925.
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As part of a paleoseismological investigation along the Bree fault scarp (western border of the Roer Graben), various geophysical methods [electrical profiling, electromagnetic (EM) profiling, refraction seismic tests, electrical tomography, ground‐penetrating radar (GPR), and high‐resolution reflection seismic profiles] were used to locate and image an active fault zone in a depth range between a few decimeters to a few tens of meters. These geophysical investigations, in parallel with geomorphological and geological analyses, helped in the decision to locate trench excavations exposing the fault surfaces. The results could then be checked with the observations in four trenches excavated across the scarp. Geophysical methods pointed out anomalies at all sites of the fault position. The contrast of physical properties (electrical resistivity and permittivity, seismic velocity) observed between the two fault blocks is a result of a differences in the lithology of the juxtaposed soil layers and of a change in the water table depth across the fault. Extremely fast techniques like electrical and EM profiling or seismic refraction profiles localized the fault position within an accuracy of a few meters. In a second step, more detailed methods (electrical tomography and GPR) more precisely imaged the fault zone and revealed some structures that were observed in the trenches. Finally, one high‐resolution reflection seismic profile imaged the displacement of the fault at depths as large as 120 m and filled the gap between classical seismic reflection profiles and the shallow geophysical techniques. Like all geophysical surveys, the quality of the data is strongly dependent on the geologic environment and on the contrast of the physical properties between the juxtaposed formations. The combined use of various geophysical techniques is thus recommended for fault mapping, particularly for a preliminary investigation when the geological context is poorly defined.
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Křivánek, Roman. "Příklady uplatnění nedestruktivních geofyzikálních měření při průzkumech raně středověkých hradišť na území Přemyslovské domény i širších Čech." Slavia Antiqua. Rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim, no. 63 (October 28, 2022): 179–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/sa.2022.63.6.
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For several decades, the Institute of Archaeology in Prague has used non-destructive geophysical methods to research fortifications. New cooperation between archaeologists and geophysicist as part of a Czech-Polish project resulted in a more systematic and targeted survey of early medieval fortifications. The results of this cooperation were presented at a workshop Use of non-destructive and destructive methods in archaeological research of early medieval hillforts, held in Prague in 2019. The mainpart of this article contains different examples of geophysical prospecting used in connection with archaeological research into the early medieval fortifications in Bohemia. Selected examples illustrate various conditions, combinations and possibilities of application of non-destructive geophysical methods. In several cases, the results of geophysical measurements can also be supplemented by the results of archaeological research or surveys.
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Soussi, Halima, Lahcen Bahi, Latifa Ouadif, Mohamed Chibout, Brahim Aghazzaf, Jada El Kasri, and Imane Jaouda. "Geophysical prospecting in the Doukkala area (Swalah commune) in Morocco." E3S Web of Conferences 150 (2020): 03008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015003008.
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The collapse of the subsoil creates a risk for the population whether it is urban or rural. Each year, the damage caused by these collapses has considerable socio-economic consequences, and the damage costs are very high. Thus, the detection of these areas of collapse in urban and rural areas is important to prevent and avoid socio-economic consequences, and to establish a preventive risk planning to have a better protection of people and goods. The commune of Swalah, study area, belongs to the province of El Jadida which is part of those areas of Doukkala exposed to the risk of collapse due to the presence of underground cavities. These cavities are potentially dangerous for humans, especially in urban areas. They have different extensions that can be caused by natural or anthropic origin. Their size, as well as the physical properties of the external environment in which they are located, allow the use of different geophysical methods. The use of these geophysical methods is the best to detect and delineate cavities in this region. The present study was based on a geophysical compaign of vertical electrical soundings. Indeed, 50 electrical soundings were modeled and reinterpreted and allowed to detect and delineate any potential cavities in the region.
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Левашов, Сергей Петрович, Николай Андреевич Якимчук, Игнат Николаевич Корчагин, and Дмитрий Николаевич Божежа. "Mobile direct-prospecting methods application at various stages of the geologic-geophysical exploration for oil and gas." Нефтяная провинция, no. 3(7) (November 23, 2016): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.25689/np.2016.3.1-36.
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Анализируются результаты апробации и практического применения мобильной прямопоисковой технологии поисков и разведки скоплений нефти и газа. Используемая технология включает частотно-резонансный метод обработки и декодирования данных ДЗЗ, а также наземные геоэлектрические методы становления короткоимпульсного электромагнитного поля (СКИП) и вертикального электрорезонансного зондирования (ВЭРЗ). Мобильные методы разработаны на принципах вещественной парадигмы геофизических исследований, сущность которой заключается в «прямых» поисках искомого в каждом конкретном случае вещества - нефти, газа, золота, урана, воды (минеральной, питьевой, геотермальной), и т.д. Отдельные методы прямопоисковой технологии могут использоваться на различных этапах поисковых работ - рекогносцировочном (оценка перспектив нефтегазоносности крупных поисковых блоков), детализационном (оценка прогнозируемых ресурсов нефти и газа в пределах отдельных, обнаруженных на рекогносцировочном этапе аномальных зон), полевом (наземные полевые исследования геоэлектрическими методами СКИП и ВЭРЗ с целью уточнения прогнозируемых ресурсов нефти и газа и выбора оптимальных мест заложения поисковых и разведочных скважин). Детально описаны особенности и объемы дополнительной информации, которая может быть получена на различных этапах поисковых работ с использованием мобильной технологии. Работоспособность технологии демонстрируется результатами ее применения в пределах крупных поисковых блоков в восточной и западной Африке. Охарактеризованы результаты дополнительной апробации в 2015-2016 гг. усовершенствованных модификаций прямопоисковых методов в различных регионах мира. Прямопоисковую технологию рекомендуется использовать в комплексе с традиционными геофизическими методами (сейсмическими, в первую очередь). Ее применение может принести значительный эффект при поисках промышленных скоплений УВ в нетрадиционных коллекторах (в том числе и в районах распространения сланцев, пород баженовской свиты, угленосных формаций, кристаллических пород). Мобильная технология может также успешно применяться при исследованиях слабоизученных участков и блоков в пределах известных нефте- и газоносных бассейнов. The results of testing and practical application of mobile direct-prospecting technology of oil and gas accumulations prospecting and exploration are analyzed. The used technology includes the frequency-resonance method of remote sensing data processing and decoding and ground-based geoelectric methods of forming the short-pulsed electromagnetic field (FSPEMF) and vertical electric-resonance sounding (VERS). Mobile methods are developed on the principles of “substance” paradigm of geophysical research, the essence of which lies in "direct" searching for the desired in each case substance - oil, gas, gold, uranium, water (mineral, drinking, geothermal), etc. Some methods of direct-prospecting technology can be used at various stages of prospecting operations - reconnaissance (assessment of petroleum potential of major prospecting blocks), detailing (assessment of prognosis oil and gas resources within the individual anomalous zones, detected at the reconnaissance stage), field works (ground-based field studies by the geoelectric methods FSPEMF and VERS for the prognosis oil and gas resources clarifying and the choice of optimal locations for exploration wells laying). The features and volumes of additional information that can be obtained at various stages of exploration works with the mobile technology using are described in detail. The technology efficiency is demonstrated by the results of its application within the major prospecting blocks in the eastern and western Africa. The results of additional testing in the 2015-2016 of advanced modifications of direct-prospecting methods in different regions of the world are characterized. It is recommended to use the direct-prospecting technology in combination with traditional geophysical methods (seismic, primarily). Its use can bring significant effect during the commercial hydrocarbon accumulations searching in unconventional reservoirs (including the shale sediments, rocks of the Bazhenov formation, coal-bearing formations, and crystalline rocks). Mobile technology can also be successfully used during prospecting within the poorly studied areas and blocks within the known oil and gas-bearing basins
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Eppelbaum, Lev V. "Review of Processing and Interpretation of Self-Potential Anomalies: Transfer of Methodologies Developed in Magnetic Prospecting." Geosciences 11, no. 5 (April 29, 2021): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11050194.
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The self-potential (SP) method is one of the most inexpensive and unsophisticated geophysical methods. However, its application is limited due to the absence of a reliable interpreting methodology for the complex geological-environmental conditions. To exclude disturbances appearing in the SP method, a few ways for their removal (elimination) before quantitative analysis are presented. A brief review of the available interpretation methods is included. For the magnetic method of geophysical prospecting, special quantitative procedures applicable under complex physical-geological environments (oblique polarization, uneven terrain relief and unknown level of the normal field), have been developed. The detected common peculiarities between the magnetic and SP fields make it possible to apply the advanced procedures developed in magnetic prospecting to the SP method. Besides the reliable determination of the depth of anomalous targets, these methodologies enable the calculation of the corrections for non-horizontal SP observations and to determine the orientation of the polarization vector. For the classification of SP anomalies, is proposed to use a new parameter: the ‘self-potential moment’. The quantitative procedures (improved modifications of characteristic point, tangent techniques and the areal method) including the determination of the SP vector and SP moment, have been successfully tested on models and employed in real situations in mining, archaeological, environmental and technogenic geophysics. The obtained results indicate the effectiveness of the presented methodologies.
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Martino, Luis, Néstor Bonomo, Eugenia Lascano, Ana Osella, and Norma Ratto. "Electrical and GPR prospecting at Palo Blanco archaeological site, northwestern Argentina." GEOPHYSICS 71, no. 6 (November 2006): B193—B199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2345193.
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We conducted a geophysical survey at the Palo Blanco archaeological site located in Catamarca, Argentina. Age estimates from radiocarbon dating indicate first occupation of the site around 1500 years ago. The first description of thesite was done in 1960. At that time, five residential units with different architectural arrangements were reported. These structures had different levels of deterioration caused by exposure and human activities. Some of these original structures have become completely covered by sediments. To aid in the design of efficient excavation plans, detailed maps are required to locate the buried walls. For this purpose, we conducted geophysical surveys over one of the structures. We had poor documentation about the structure at the time of the survey. Only one of the walls described in the earlier report was partially visible. We used two geophysical methods: ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity. We performed 2D inversion of the resistivity data, together with numerical GPR simulations. These helped to distinguish the expected reflection events from others, aiding in a correct interpretation of the data. Finally, we made a complementary interpretation of the resistivity and GPR data to compile a detailed map of the selected structure. We found that considering the two methods independently would have led to an incomplete map. We delineated a much more complex structure than originally expected and designed an excavation plan which was carried out. The layout of the rooms of the structure fully matched the predictions based on the interpretation used in detecting the walls and their depths. In this way, the geophysical forecasts were confirmed after excavation.
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Mu, Huan Sheng. "A Geophysical Prospecting and Survey Research on Maojingba Tunnel Project." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 1366–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.1366.
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This article successfully gives an elaboration on the operating principle of seismic reflection, acoustic logging as well as the methods and techniques through the engineering geological investigation on Maojingba super long tunnel, and resolves the key technical issues, thus providing valuable references for future similar projects.
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Gao Xiang, Zhang Xin, and Wang Xiao. "Study on Comprehensive Geophysical Prospecting Methods on Detection of Complex Goaves Grouting Quality." Journal of Convergence Information Technology 7, no. 23 (December 31, 2012): 308–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/jcit.vol7.issue23.36.
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Еfimov, A. S., and E. V. Mosyagin. "ANALYSIS AND IMPROVEMENT OF SEISMIC EXPLORATION METHODS IN EASTERN SIBERIA." Geology and mineral resources of Siberia, no. 1 (2021): 56–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.20403/2078-0575-2021-1-56-73.
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Many enterprises and authors have often addressed the problem of increasing the efficiency of seismic exploration (geological constructions and forecasting) at the prospecting stage in the Siberian Platform (SP) throughout the entire period of oil prospecting in Eastern Siberia. This is confirmed by numerous publications and production reports. Unfortunately, it should be admitted that there is still no cardinal progress in solving this problem. The reasons for the low information content of geophysical materials for the SP conditions in these publications are substantiated and set out in great detail. This is both a sharply dissected relief, and small-block models of the near-surface section, and an energy dissipation in rudaceous pyroclastic rocks of the Triassic, background of reverberation, near-surface waves formed by thin layers of traps in near-surface section, local velocity anomalies in the middle part of the section, background and interference of partially multiple reflections, complex salt tectonics, blocking and tesselation of secondary changes in Riphean rocks, forming tesselation of seismoacoustic properties. These are the main, in authors’ opinion, reasons reducing reliability of the geological section forecast based on seismic data. Some of them are removed using a complex of geophysical data. But tie, backbone on seismic horizons lies also at the heart of integration. Therefore, increasing the information content of seismic survey in regard to fixing the reflecting boundaries based on selection and substantiation, field observation systems and technologies is the most important issue in the problem under discussion.
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Bartashchuk, O., I. Vysochanskyy, V. Repryntsev, and M. Zdorovenkо. "Predicting а new area of oil-and-gas accumulation in extreme south part of Dniprovsko-Donetsk depression." Ukrainian Geologist, no. 2(42) (August 15, 2013): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.53087/ug.2013.2(42).246023.
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New geological data of the south regional fault studies is presented. The most prospective area occupies extreme south-east of the Mikhailivsko-Leventsivskiy anticline slope. Layers of Carboniferous and Devonian are considered prospective according to geological and geophysical survey results. Methods and scope of exploration are identified by positive results provided by drilling in the adjacent areas of single exploratory and prospecting wells and by data of analog fields such as Leventsivske, Golubivske and Illichivske as well as other factors that prove feasibility of further geological exploration aimed to discover new deposits.
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Commer, Michael, Filipe RNC Maia, and Gregory A. Newman. "Iterative Krylov solution methods for geophysical electromagnetic simulations on throughput-oriented processing units." International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications 26, no. 4 (November 17, 2011): 378–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1094342011428145.
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Many geo-scientific applications involve boundary value problems arising in simulating electrostatic and electromagnetic fields for geophysical prospecting and subsurface imaging of electrical resistivity. Modeling complex geological media with three-dimensional finite-difference grids gives rise to large sparse linear systems of equations. For such systems, we have implemented three common iterative Krylov solution methods on graphics processing units and compared their performance with parallel host-based versions. The benchmarks show that the device efficiency improves with increasing grid sizes. Limitations are currently given by the device memory resources.
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Cammarano, F., P. Mauriello, and S. Piro. "High-resolution geophysical prospecting with integrated methods. The ancient Acropolis of Veio (Rome, Italy)." Archaeological Prospection 4, no. 4 (December 1997): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0763(199712)4:4<157::aid-arp81>3.0.co;2-d.
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Bembel, S. R., V. G. Kobzov, R. M. Bembel, and F. Z. Khafizov. "FEATURES OF THE GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF SEDIMENTARY COVER OF FROLOVSKAYA MEGADEPRESSION DERIVED FROM THE RESULTSOF GENERALIZATION OF GEOLOGICAL AND GEOPHYSICAL DATA." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 5 (October 30, 2018): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2018-5-7-16.
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The article is devoted to the features of the geological structure of Jurassic-Cretaceous deposits of Frolovskaya megadepression. These features are derived from the results of the generalization of the materials of regional seismic profiles, maps of gravity and magnetic prospecting, drilling data. The main petroleum prospects are associated with Jurassic deposits and pre-Jurassic basement. We conclude that it is necessary to intensify further researches with carrying out the entire complex of geophysical methods, including magnetic and gravity prospecting with an increased density of observations.
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Capozzoli, Luigi, Valeria Giampaolo, Gregory De Martino, Felice Perciante, Vincenzo Lapenna, and Enzo Rizzo. "ERT and GPR Prospecting Applied to Unsaturated and Subwater Analogue Archaeological Site in a Full Scale Laboratory." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (January 21, 2022): 1126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031126.
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Geophysical techniques are widely applied in the archaeological field to highlight variations of the physical behaviour of the subsoil due to the presence of ancient and buried remains., Considerable efforts are required to understand the complexity of the relationship between archaeological features and their geophysical response where saturated conditions occur. In the case of lacustrine and wetland scenarios, geophysical contrasts or electromagnetic signal attenuation effects drastically reduce the capabilities of the geophysical methodologies for the detection of structures in such conditions. To identify the capability of the electrical and electromagnetic methods in different water-saturated scenarios, an experimental activity was performed at the Hydrogeosite CNR laboratory. The test allowed us to analyze the limits and potentialities of an innovative approach based on the combined use of the ground-penetrating radar and 2D and 3D electrical resistivity tomographies. Results showed the effectiveness of the ground-penetrating radar for detecting archaeological remains also in quasi-saturated and underwater scenarios despite the em signal attenuation phenomena; whilst the results obtained involving the resistivity tomographies offered a new perspective for the archaeological purposes due to the use of the loop–loop shaped array. Moreover, the radar signal attenuation, resolution and depth of investigation do not allow to fully characterize the archaeological site as in the case of the scenarios with a limited geophysical contrast (i.e., water-saturated and arid scenarios). The experimental tests show that these limits can be only partially mitigated through the integration of the geophysical methodologies and further efforts are necessary for improving the results obtainable with an integrated use of the adopted geophysical methodologies.
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Sapia, Vincenzo, Valerio Materni, Federico Florindo, Marco Marchetti, Andrea Gasparini, Nunzia Voltattorni, Riccardo Civico, et al. "Multi-Parametric Imaging of Etruscan Chamber Tombs: Grotte Di Castro Case Study (Italy)." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (August 26, 2021): 7875. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11177875.
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A multi-parametric approach that involves the use of different geophysical methods coupled with geochemical data allowed us to identify undiscovered archeological burials in a funerary area of the Grotte di Castro Etruscan settlement. In particular, we tested the suitability of the capacitive resistivity method and the presence of Radon in soil for the identification of burials calibrating their outcomes over coincident survey profiles with standard geophysical techniques routinely applied for archaeological prospections. Soil Radon data were acquired both in a grid and along a profile to highlight anomalous gas concentrations, whereas electrical resistivity and ground-penetrating radar measurements were conducted on overlapping profiles to depict the electrical and electromagnetic subsurface distribution. Data integration showed a series of anomalies, suggesting the presence of multiple burials starting from a depth of approximately 1.5 m below the terrain surface. Slight anomalies of Radon in the soil were found to correspond to most of the recovered geophysical ones. Our results pointed out the effectiveness of geophysical method integration in archeological prospecting with the novelty of the joint use of Radon in soil measurements and capacitive resistivity tomography. The latter provided reliable results and can be considered as a standalone technique in archaeological surveys.
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Wang, Seng, Wei Xu, and Tianqi Guo. "Advances in Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing Technology for Geothermal Resource Detection." Remote Sensing 16, no. 10 (May 9, 2024): 1690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16101690.
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This paper discusses thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing technology applied to the delineation of geothermal resources, a significant renewable energy source. The technical characteristics and current status of TIR remote sensing is discussed and related to the integration of geological structure, geophysical data, and geochemical analyses. Also discussed are surface temperature inversion algorithms used to delineate anomalous ground-surface temperatures. Unlike traditional geophysical and geochemical exploration methods, remote sensing technology exhibits considerable advantages in terms of convenience and coverage extent. The paper addresses the major challenges and issues associated with using TIR remote sensing technology in geothermal prospecting.
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Rusina, Larisa. "To the issue of forecasting the main parameters of carbons’ quality based on the vector simulation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2373, no. 6 (December 1, 2022): 062008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2373/6/062008.
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Abstract During the prospecting the quality parameters, except for ash content, are specified by core samples and laboratory methods (geological sampling). Nevertheless, while prospecting the receipt of the representative sample with all its specified parameters being identical to the parameters of the carbon layer is difficult because of partial core recovery, its choking, etc. So, it is highly necessary to specify and to forecast the parameters of carbons’ quality by “indirect” methods which depend on sample representativeness. According to the experience that we have in specifying ash content by the data of the geophysical bore-hole logging (GBL), it is the geophysical sampling that meets this requirement. However, the deterrent of the use of the GBL data for specifying and forecasting of carbons’ quality parameters is the necessity of taking into consideration of a great number of factors (genetic and epigenetic ones) which can not be analyzed using the current mathematical methods. Only the vector simulation solved this task and helped to use the results of geophysical bore-hole logging for forecasting the parameters of carbons’ quality in full measure. The vector simulation will allow to enhance reliability and informativity while forecasting the main parameters of carbons’ quality in the rock mass according to the GBL data at the stage of geological exploration. While systematizing the geological and geophysical information the developed mathematical model, presented by structural vectors of system’s transient states, will enable to take into account some genetic and epigenetic factors in total. These factors influence the reliability of forecasting about such main parameters of the carbons’ quality as ash state, yield of volatile matters, moisture of analysis sample, thickness of plastic layer in the layers where geological sampling is not conditioning.
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Parshin, Alexander, Ayur Bashkeev, Yuriy Davidenko, Marina Persova, Sergey Iakovlev, Sergey Bukhalov, Nikolay Grebenkin, and Marina Tokareva. "Lightweight Unmanned Aerial System for Time-Domain Electromagnetic Prospecting—The Next Stage in Applied UAV-Geophysics." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5 (February 26, 2021): 2060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11052060.
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Nowadays in solving geological problems, the technologies of UAV-geophysics, primarily magnetic and gamma surveys, are being increasingly used. However, for the formation of the classical triad of airborne geophysics methods in the UAV version, there was not enough technology for UAV-electromagnetic sounding, which would allow studying the geological environment at depths of tens and hundreds of meters with high detail. This article describes apparently the first technology of UAV-electromagnetic sounding in the time domain (TDEM, TEM), implemented as an unmanned system based on a light multi-rotor UAV. A measuring system with an inductive sensor—an analogue of a 20 × 20 or 50 × 50 m receiving loop is towed by a UAV, and a galvanically grounded power transmitter is on the ground and connected to a pulse generator. The survey is carried out along a network of parallel lines at low altitude with a terrain draping at a speed of 7–8 m/s, the maximum distance of the UAV’s departure from the transmitter line can reach several kilometers, thus the created technology is optimal for performing detailed areal electromagnetic soundings in areas of several square kilometers. The results of the use of the unmanned system (UAS) in real conditions of the mountainous regions of Eastern Siberia are presented. Based on the obtained data, the sensitivity of the system was simulated and it was shown that the developed technology allows one to collect informative data and create geophysical sections and maps of electrical resistivity in various geological situations. According to the authors, the emergence of UAV-TEM systems in the near future will significantly affect the practice of geophysical work, as it was earlier with UAV-magnetic prospecting and gamma-ray survey.
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Gurin, G. V. "Geophysical prospecting for epithermal gold deposits (a case study from the Maletoivayam gold ore field, Kamchatka Peninsula)." LITHOSPHERE (Russia) 21, no. 1 (March 4, 2021): 116–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24930/1681-9004-2021-21-1-116-132.
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Research subject. The high-sulfidation (HS-type) epithermal gold deposits of the Maletoyvayam ore field, which is located in the volcanic belts of the Kamchatka Peninsula. Materials and methods. The paper presents the results of geophysical and petrophysical studies carried out by “NPP VIRG-Rudgeofizika” (2016–2017 years) in the central part of the Maletoyvayam ore field hosting HS-type gold deposits. Results. The presented case study shows the potential of geophysical prospecting for HS-type epithermal gold deposits located within altered rock areas. On the basis of the conducted magnetic surveys, fragments of a ring structure broken by faults and the hydrothermally altered bodies within the Neogene volcanogenic-sedimentary sequence of the andesite composition were identified. Using the 3D inversion of magnetic data, the shape, size and structure of the hydrothermally altered bodies were estimated. The electrical survey data allowed the hydrothermally altered areas to be differentiated in terms of composition. As a result, zoning of hydrothermally altered areas was conducted, and ore-bearing sites and gold-bearing bodies of monoquartzites in the plan and cross-section were determined. Conclusions. Geophysical techniques for prospecting HS-type epithermal gold deposits are effective in distinguishing important gold-related features within the altered zone thereby facilitating identification of specific drill targets.
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Ahmadov, Elvin Hajiqulu oglu, and Rasim Veli oglu Veliyev. "Methods of minimization of uncertainties and geological risks based on Umid gas‑condensate field." Georesursy 21, no. 1 (March 30, 2019): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18599/grs.2019.1.92-98.
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Geological mining data resulted from exploration-prospecting and testing operations at Umid gas condensate field as one of important projects of the State Oil Company of the Azerbaijan Republic (SOCAR) have been systemized and analyzed in the article. There conducted uncertainty analyses of the obtained geophysical and mining data and hydrocarbon reserves on horizons have been estimated. Impact of uncertainties to hydrocarbon reserves of the field have been studied through modern approaches and geological risks have been assessed by usage of new risk matrix. Also, strategy of actions has been proposed in order to mitigate geological risks.
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Shtogryn, M. V., S. G. Anikeyev, and O. O. Synytska. "COMPLEX GEOPHYSICAL STUDIES OF THE IVANO-FRANKIVSK NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF OIL AND GAS TERRITORY." Oil and Gas Power Engineering, no. 1(31) (June 26, 2019): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9868-2019-1(31)-7-17.
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The results of high-precision integrated geophysical studies of the Ivano-Frankivsk National University territory are presented. Research methods used are electrical prospecting and gravity and magnetic prospecting. According to the results of geodetic measurements and field geophysical observations, heights maps of the territory, regional components and detailed maps of local anomalies of the gravitational and magnetic fields, and also, according to the data of vertical electrical sounding, geoelectric sections along interpretation profiles were constructed. For the construction data on the geological and tectonic structure of the section to the depths of the first hundred meters were used, as well as geophysical materials obtained in previous years through of the Ivano-Frankivsk city territory. The analysis of the general behavior of the regional components of the gravimagnetic fields and morphology of geophysical anomalies was performed. The geological interpretation of the identified individual local gravitational and magnetic anomalies is presented. A regional field of gravity tends to increase in the direction of increasing heights in the study area and the regional magnetic field has an insignificant, but inverse relationship. A series of positive small intensity local anomalies of the field of gravity is probably due to the rocks of the Kosovska and Tyraska suite, for example, compacted carbonates or anhydrites. Local magnetic anomalies have a relatively small intensity ranging from -100 nTl to 500 nTl and due mainly to university facilities and communications. According to the results of the analysis of the intensity of geophysical fields, a general forecast estimate of the ecological state of the research area is presented. The obtained field intensity values are much lower than the sanitary norms.
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Milo, Peter, Michaela Prištiáková, Tomáš Tencer, Michal Vágner, and Igor Murín. "Dolní Věstonice – Vysoká zahrada: an Integrated Geophysical Survey of an Early Medieval Fortified Settlement." Interdisciplinaria Archaeologica Natural Sciences in Archaeology XIII, no. 1 (March 7, 2022): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24916/iansa.2022.1.5.
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The fortified settlement at Dolní Věstonice – Vysoká zahrada belongs to the important Early Medieval centres connected with the establishment of the Přemyslid domain in Moravia. The site functioned as a local administrative and economic centre from about the middle of the 11th century to the end of the 12th century. In written historical sources it was known as Strachotíngrad (“Castrum Strachotín”). Between 1948 and 1986, several minor archaeological excavations were made at this site. Our work’s purpose was to gain new knowledge by deploying proven geophysical prospecting methods in archaeology. The first two of these methods, Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Groundpenetrating radar (GPR) focused on the rampart. Within the third used method – magnetometry, we focused on the prospection of the inner area of the hillfort. Based on the results, it was possible to identify some of the construction features of the fortification and locate the course of the no longer existing rampart and several settlement structures. At the same time, the geophysical survey also made clear the overall plan of past archaeological excavations.
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Fedoryshyn, Dmytro, Aleksandr Trubenko, Sergiy Fedoryshyn, and Igor Mykhailovskyi. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 2(35)2023, no. 2(35) (December 2023): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2023.02.139.
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The main problems of prospecting and exploration of gas and gas condensate fields in the lithological and stratigraphic strata of the southwestern and central parts of the Bilche-Volytsia zone are due to the complex tectonic and lithological and stratigraphic conditions for the hydrocarbon deposits formation. The objective factors include the complex geological structure of reservoir rocks due to tectonic disturbances in the process of trap formation, the presence of various types of voids and clay material, as well as flooding of productive formations at the final stage of development. In addition, it is necessary to note the decrease in the information content and efficiency of both ground and borehole electrical exploration. At the same time, lithotypes with a complex petrographic and petrophysical thin layer structure of the rock matrix are observed in the Neogene deposits. Thus, in order to increase the information content of the results of geophysical well surveys (GWS) and the efficiency of hydrocarbon prospecting, it is necessary to form an optimal set of the latest geophysical methods, in particular: high-frequency induction logging with isoparametric sounding (HFILIS), nuclear magnetic logging (NML), as well as acoustic and radioactive studies. The introduction of this type of innovation will increase the information content of geological and geophysical studies. The main basis of this approach is the petrographic and petrophysical base for specific territories and prospecting areas. In view of the foregoing, we identified gas-saturated reservoir rocks, established the structure of their seal rocks, as well as determined the effective thicknesses of rocks and developed correlation schemes for their distribution within the Sarmatian, Badenian, and Helvetian deposits.
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Khasanov, I. M., T. I. Mihalitsina, L. A. Muravyev, and D. V. Makarova. "Using the methodology of transformation of geophysical fields in the study of dike-type ore systems in the zone of influence of the Chai-Yurinsky deep fault." Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University Series "Earth Sciences", no. 2 (June 25, 2024): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25587/2587-8751-2024-2-25-35.
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Identification of prospecting geophysical signs of promising areas at the level of ore nodes and fields, deposits and ore structures (ore-localizing structures) has always been one of the main contents of geophysical research. However, especially at the deposit – ore structures level, very often the solution of these tasks becomes very difficult and difficult to implement. The problem is that, in general, rocks in the research area are quite contrasting in their physical properties; however, ore-bearing dike bodies represented by beresitized diorite-porphyrites do not always confidently differ in their physical characteristics from the sandy, carbonaceous, sulfidized and shale sedimentary rocks that contain them. The use of approaches based on statistical processing techniques in the interpretation of geophysical data made it possible to establish geological and geophysical signs of gold-quartz mineralization of the dike type within the study area and thus predict gold mineralization.The paper presents the results of processing geophysical materials in order to create a list of features characteristic of gold-quartz deposits of the dyke type in the Central-Kolyma region (Magadan Oblast).The geophysical research complex consisted of electrical profiling and magnetic exploration. MMPOS-2 magnetometers were used to measure the geomagnetic field. The coordinates of the measurement points were determined using a GPS receiver structurally connected to a magnetometer. The methodology of the work provided for the introduction of variations of the geomagnetic field. The variation of the Earth’s magnetic field was taken into account using the SURV software. The work by the electrical profiling method was carried out using an instrument complex: AIE-2 using the median gradient method in modification of induced polarization (SG-VP) at a frequency of 0.3 Hz. Supply line AB=800-900 m, receiving line MN=10 m.The presented set of works is capable of solving the problems of forecasting gold mineralization in the zone of influence of the Chai-Yurinsky fault of the Yana-Kolyma metallogenic system. Based on the interpretation of the geophysical data, prospecting geological and geophysical signs of gold-quartz mineralization within the ore field are outlined.One of the promising methodological methods of interpretation in determining the search signs of potentially ore zones is electrical exploration by the method of induced polarization.
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Zhao, Ning Bo, Jin Fu, Dong Hui Zhang, Chuan Zhang, and Wei Hao. "Application of Fractal Theory to Process Radioactive Prospecting Data." Advanced Materials Research 718-720 (July 2013): 466–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.718-720.466.
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The distribution of radioactive geophysical and geochemical exploration data is very complex ,it has multifractal characteristics, using the fractal theory to research conforms to the data distribution. The author selected some methods of fractal theory for study and compared with the traditional method,used content-area method to process gamma-spectrometric data of the carbonate-siliceous-pelitic type uranium deposit, it can reduced abnormal area and didnt omit ore occurrences, this will reduce the exploration workload;used fractal trend-surface method to process activated carbon radon measurement data of the sandstone-type uranium deposit, it can effectively strengthened the weak anomaly, and found new ore-generating anomaly area.