Relevant bibliographies by topics / Prostheses

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Prostheses'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Prostheses"

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Jones, L. E. "Prosthetic limb use in Australia 1981-1985 under the Free Limb Scheme." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 13, no. 2 (August 1989): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03093648909078216.

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A study has been made of data on 19,421 prosthetic limbs prescribed for 12,143 Australians under the Free Limb Scheme in the years 1981–1985. These prostheses consisted of 18,119 legs and 1,302 arms. The mean age of the lower limb prosthesis user was 52.8 and the upper limb prosthesis user 31.3 years. Males outnumbered females by 3 to 1 in the upper limb prosthesis users, and 2.8 to 1 with lower limb prosthesis users. Below-knee prostheses, patellar-tendon-bearing and thigh-lacing prostheses, made up 58.7% of all prostheses prescribed in the time span. Below-elbow prostheses were the commonest upper limb prostheses with children being the most frequent users. Comparisons with other studies of large number of prosthesis users show an older mean age in Australia and more below-knee prosthesis users than in American studies.
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Nurisusilawati, Isnaini, and Muhammad Yusro. "Prosthesis Mapping and Forecasting as a Direction of Innovation in Prosthesis Product Development." OPSI 14, no. 1 (June 24, 2021): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31315/opsi.v14i1.4579.

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The objective of this study is to make a need assessment in the form of identifying trends in the need for prostheses and mapping the priority types of prostheses developed at Dr. R. Soeharso Orthopedic Public Hospital, Surakarta as a reference for innovation in the development of prosthesis products at Dr. R. Soeharso Orthopedic Public Hospital, Surakarta. The method used was descriptive analysis and moving average forecasting of historical data on the use of prostheses. From the results of the descriptive analysis, it was found that the most common types of the prosthesis were under the knee prostheses and the types of prostheses that mostly used imported components were finger prostheses and prostheses that have been developed locally which were lower and upper knee prostheses and also Syme. The results of the prediction of the number of prostheses showed a stable trend and tended to increase slightly with the MAD error rate of 2.375 and MSE of 10.378 and MAPE of 36%. With this accuracy, the results of the forecasting can be used as a reference for the hospital to make supplies of prosthesis components in the next period so that the time for making prostheses can be shortened. Meanwhile, for the development of the direction of innovation, recommendations for the type of prosthesis that is a priority to be developed at Dr. R. Soeharso Orthopedic Public Hospital, Surakarta is an innovation of under-knee and finger prostheses by implementing low-cost product designs.
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Martin, Angela D., Colin L. W. Driscoll, Christopher P. Wood, and Joel P. Felmlee. "Safety Evaluation of Titanium Middle Ear Prostheses at 3.0 Tesla." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 132, no. 4 (April 2005): 537–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2004.12.003.

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OBJECTIVE: To assess the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) safety of titanium middle ear prostheses at 3.0 tesla (T). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Titanium middle ear prostheses from 3 commercial vendors were examined for magnetic field interactions at 3 T. Initially, ex vivo studies were performed to test for rotational motion and forward displacement (translational motion) of the prostheses in a static magnetic field. If movement was observed during this screening study, then the prosthesis was tested to determine the translational or rotational force acting upon the prosthesis. In addition to testing for prosthesis displacement, temperature changes of the prostheses were measured to assess for radiofrequency heating during imaging. RESULTS: Twenty-one of the 24 titanium prostheses tested revealed no movement when tested in the 3 T static magnetic field. Three prostheses revealed minimal movement during the screening study. A translational force test (string test) was performed upon these 3 prostheses, and the measured angle of displacement was used to determine the force. This calculated force acting upon each prosthesis was essentially zero. Therefore, we conclude that the magnetic field interaction is negligible. A positive control with a ferromagnetic stainless steel prosthesis demonstrated obvious displacement during the screening study, as well as deflection of the prosthesis by 90° in the translational force test. Last, heating of the titanium prostheses did not occur in the 7 models tested. CONCLUSIONS: Middle ear prostheses made from titanium are safe, neither deflecting nor heating during magnetic resonance examinations conducted at 3 T. EBM rating: C-1.
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Kuyper, M.-A., M. Breedijk, A. H. M. Mulders, M. W. M. Post, and A. J. H. Prevo. "Prosthetic management of children in the Netherlands with upper limb deficiencies." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 25, no. 3 (December 2001): 228–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03093640108726606.

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The aim of the study was to assess which children with congenital and acquired upper limb deficiencies were fitted with prostheses, what types of prostheses were prescribed as first, second and third prostheses, at what age prostheses were first prescribed and how long the children wore their prostheses.The design was a retrospective chart review at De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation Centre, Utrecht (The Netherlands). Medical files of all patients with congenital or acquired upper limb deficiencies who visited the outpatient clinic between 1972 and 1996 were reviewed, collecting data on patient characteristics, prosthesis prescription and use of prostheses.The group included 224 children, of whom 206 (92%) had congenital deficiencies. Of all children with unilateral congenital deficiencies, 54% had been fitted with prostheses, against 3% of all children with bilateral congenital deficiencies and 67% of all children with acquired deficiencies. In the congenital group, it was children with transverse defects of one-third or two-thirds of the forearm who had most frequently had prostheses fitted (85% of the children). Most of the children with unilateral congenital deficiencies had received passive prostheses as their first prostheses (80 of the 90 prescribed prostheses); children with acquired defects usually had active prostheses (8 of the 12 prescribed prostheses). Body-powered prostheses were most commonly prescribed as the second type of prosthesis.In the group of 119 children who had been seen before the age of 4 years and had been followed for at least three years, 63 had been fitted with one or more prostheses at a mean age of 2.6 (SD 2.5) years. Of the 46 children with congenital defects, 30 had been fitted with prostheses, and at the age of 12, two-thirds of them still used their prostheses (63%, 19/30).“De Hoogstraat” rehabilitation centre uses a restrained prosthesis prescription policy, depending on the type of deficiency and the expected functional benefits. Data on prosthesis use are encouraging, although a follow-up study is required to determine the functional outcome for prosthesis users and non-users.
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Kim, Jaewon, and Du-Hyeong Lee. "Influence of the Postcuring Process on Dimensional Accuracy and Seating of 3D-Printed Polymeric Fixed Prostheses." BioMed Research International 2020 (November 13, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2150182.

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The postcuring process is essential for 3-dimensional (3D) printing of photopolymer-based dental prostheses. However, the deformation of prostheses resulting from the postcuring process has not been fully investigated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different postcuring methods on the fit and dimensional accuracy of 3D-printed full-arch polymeric fixed prostheses. A study stone model with four prosthetic implant abutments was prepared. A full-arch fixed dental prosthesis was designed, and the design was transferred to dental computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) software in which supports were designed to the surface of the prosthesis design for 3D printing. Using a biocompatible photopolymer and a stereolithography apparatus 3D printer, polymeric prostheses were produced ( N = 21 ). In postcuring, the printed prostheses were polymerized in three different ways: the prosthesis alone, the prosthesis with supports, or the prosthesis on a stone model. Geometric accuracy of 3D-printed prostheses, marginal gap, internal gap, and intermolar distance was evaluated using microscopy and digital techniques. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests with Bonferroni correction were used for the comparison of results among groups ( α = 0.05 ). In general, the mean marginal and internal gaps of cured prostheses were the smallest when the printed prostheses were cured with seating on the stone model ( P < 0.05 ). With regard to the adaptation accuracy, the presence of supports during the postcuring process did not make a significant difference. Error in the intermolar distance was significantly smaller in the model seating condition than in the other conditions ( P < 0.001 ). Seating 3D-printed prosthesis on the stone model reduces adverse deformation in the postcuring process, thereby enabling the fabrication of prostheses with favorable adaptation.
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Rout, S. N. "Lightweight prostheses for bilateral below-elbow amputees." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 17, no. 2 (August 1993): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03093649309164368.

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In view of the anticipated activity of the patient and working environment, lightweight prostheses were designed for an adult female, bilateral below-elbow (BE) amputee at NIRTAR to provide the greatest degree of function. The prostheses were fabricated using lightweight materials and new techniques. Depending on the stump length there were two different types of lightweight prostheses designed and successfully used, (1) an endoskeletal BE prosthesis and (2) an exoskeletal BE prosthesis. After periodic follow-up and evaluation the function of the prostheses was found to be most satisfactory. By reducing the weight considerably compared to other available alternatives, it is more likely that the amputee will make use of the prostheses to efficiently perform various activities. The new prosthesis designs may counteract the high rejection rate of old conventional ones and the principle may be applied to the fabrication of all BE prostheses.
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SAGERMAN, S. D., J. G. SEILER, L. L. FLEMING, and E. LOCKERMAN. "Silicone Rubber Distal Ulnar Replacement Arthroplasty." Journal of Hand Surgery 17, no. 6 (December 1992): 689–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-7681(92)90202-d.

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We retrospectively reviewed 42 patients who underwent resection of the distal ulna with implantation of a silicone rubber ulnar head prosthesis (45 wrists). Two prostheses were used: the original Swanson prosthesis, and a prosthesis of our own design. Follow-up X-rays showed migration or breakage of 63% of the prostheses. No statistically significant correlation existed between the quality of functional outcome and the integrity of the prostheses. There was no significant difference between pre-operative and post-operative range of motion for the entire group or between patients with broken or intact prostheses. Histological confirmation of silicone synovitis was documented in one patient who required implant removal. We suggest that destabilization and breakage of prostheses result from fatigue failure secondary to the torque generated at the distal radio-ulnar joint during repeated pronation and supination. Use of a silicone rubber ulnar head prosthesis following distal ulna resection is not recommended.
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Leow, M. E. L., W. K. M. Ng, B. P. Pereira, A. K. Kour, and R. W. H. Pro. "Metamerism in aesthetic prostheses under three standard illuminants — TL84, D65 and F." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 23, no. 2 (August 1999): 174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03093649909071630.

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This study looks at the effect of metamerism in colour-matching and the assessment of multi-layered silicone rubber finger prostheses. The aim was to identify the choice of illuminants for colour matching the prostheses that would give rise to the least metameric effect between the prostheses and the human skin or the best colour match. The prostheses were prepared and colour matched to a fair-skinned subject under 3 reference illuminants — TL84, D65, F and a combination of illuminants — TL84, D65 and F. The prostheses were then measured for colour using a spectrophotometer based on the CIE indices L∗ a∗, b∗ with each prosthesis assessed separately against the subject's index finger under the reference illuminants-TL84, D65 and F. The prostheses were also assessed by a panel of 50 observers and scored according to colour-match. Colour differences between the skin and prosthesis were measured in the illuminant under which the prostheses were prepared and then under the other reference illuminants. A relationship was obtained between the measured mean colour difference, δE∗, and the mean visual assessment score for each prosthesis. This paper points out the concerns related to the optical phenomenon of metamerism with the colour pigments used. This can affect the colour match of the prosthesis as perceived by the patient. The findings seem to suggest that this metameric colour difference can be minimised if the prosthesis is matched under a combination of lights, which were found to give the best-perceived match.
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Arias de la Torre, Jorge, Olga Martínez, Kayla Smith, Miquel Pons-Cabrafiga, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra, Jose Valderas, Vicente Martin, et al. "PP70 Identification Of Prostheses With Worse Than Expected Outcomes." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 35, S1 (2019): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462319002198.

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IntroductionMonitoring the effectiveness of knee and hip arthroplasties could be useful at the clinical, economic, and patient levels. In Catalonia, there is currently no systematic monitoring of the different prostheses available. The aims of this study were to propose an approach for the systematic identification of knee and hip prostheses with the highest revision rates, and to identify those with the poorest outcomes.MethodsData recorded from January 2005 to December 2016 were considered from 53 out of the 61 public hospitals in Catalonia included in the Catalonian Arthroplasty Register (RACat). Specific prostheses were classified by joint, type, fixation, and, in total hip prostheses, the bearing surface. Prostheses with the worst outcomes were identified using a three-step approach, based on previous literature: (i) screening using Poisson models; (ii) comparison of prostheses using adjusted Cox models; and (iii) consensus-based review by a panel of orthopedic surgeons to detect possible sources of bias. After this process, selected prostheses were provisionally labeled as having the poorest outcomes. This process will be repeated periodically within the RACat to definitively classify the prostheses.ResultsAfter first two steps, ten knee prostheses and eight hip prostheses were identified. After the panel discussion (third step), one knee and one hip prosthesis were excluded from the final list. The knee prosthesis was excluded because it was a unicompartmental implant, while the hip prosthesis was excluded because it was a monoblock implant. Finally, nine knee prostheses and seven hip prostheses were provisionally identified as having the worst results relative to other available prostheses. These results await confirmation in subsequent analyses.ConclusionsThis study contributed to the current need to identify hip and knee prostheses whose outcomes might be worse than expected. This identification could have an impact at the patient, surgeon, industry, and stakeholder levels.
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Kalaignan, Parithimar, and Syed Ershad Ahmed. "Impact of mandibular resection guidance prostheses on oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) - A prospective study." LIAQUAT MEDICAL RESEARCH JOURNAL 3, no. 3 (September 29, 2021): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.38106/lmrj.2021.3.3-06.

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This prospective study was aimed to measure the impact of mandibular resection guidance prostheses on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQol). A total of 35 patients with mandibulectomy defects were included. All the patients were rehabilitated with mandibular resection guidance prostheses respectively. These patients were subjected for assessment of OHRQol. The assessment was done by using OHIP-Edent-19 and a novel scale—maxillofacial prosthesis performance scale (MFPPS). The assessment was done on all the patients at two weeks and three months of prosthesis function. The scores of OHIP-Edent, and MFPPS for mandibular resection guidance prostheses after two weeks were 33.20and 18.74 respectively. The scores of OHIP-Edent and MFPPS for mandibular resection guidance prostheses prostheses at three months were 27.71and 15.20 respectively. These findings show significant improvements of prosthesis in terms of functional, physical, psychological and social parameters after long-term follow-up (3 months).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Prostheses"

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Hudgins, Robert Garryl. "Development and characterization of a prosthetic intervertebral disc." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20675.

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Palm, Lars. "On Fixation of Hip Prostheses." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Univ, 2007. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2007/med1014s.pdf.

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Hatamleh, Muhanad Moh'd. "Studies on maxillofacial silicone prostheses." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508595.

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Hughes, Paul Edward. "The hydrodynamics of arterial prostheses." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316892.

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Theogarajan, Luke Satish Kumar. "Supramolecular architectures for neural prostheses." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40514.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 213-230).
Neural prosthetic devices offer a means of restoring function that have been lost due to neural damage. The first part of this thesis investigates the design of a 15-channel, low-power, fully implantable stimulator chip. The chip is powered wirelessly and receives wireless commands. The chip features a CMOS only ASK detector, a single-differential converter based on a novel feedback loop, a low-power adaptive bandwidth DLL and 15 programmable current sources that can be controlled via four commands. Though it is feasible to build an implantable stimulator chip, the amount of power required to stimulate more than 16 channels is prohibitively large. Clearly, there is a need for a fundamentally different approach. The ultimate challenge is to design a self-sufficient neural interface. The ideal device will lend itself to seamless integration with the existing neural architecture. This necessitates that communication with the neural tissue should be performed via chemical rather than electrical messages. However, catastrophic destruction of neural tissue due to the release of large quantities of a neuroactive species, like neurotransmitters, precludes the storage of quantities large enough to suffice for the lifetime of the device. The ideal device then should actively sequester the chemical species from the body and release it upon receiving appropriate triggers in a power efficient manner. This thesis proposes the use of ionic gradients, specifically K+ ions as an alternative chemical stimulation method. The required ions can readily be sequestered from the background extracellular fluid. The parameters of using such a stimulation technique are first established by performing in-vitro experiments on rabbit retinas. The results show that modest increases (~~10mM) of K+ ions are sufficient to elicit a neural response.
(cont.) The first building block of making such a stimulation technique possible is the development of a potassium selective membrane. To achieve low-power the membranes must be ultrathin to allow for efficient operation in the diffusive transport limited regime. One method of achieving this is to use lyotropic self-assembly; unfortunately, conventional lipid bilayers cannot be used since they are not robust enough. Furthermore, the membrane cannot be made potassium selective by simply incorporating ion carriers since they would eventually leach away from the membrane. A single solution that solves all the above issues was then investigated in this thesis. A novel facile synthesis of self-assembling receptor functionalized polymers was achieved. By combining the properties of hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions of two polymers a triblock co-polymer was synthesized. The middle hydrophobic block was composed of biocompatible polysiloxanes and further derivatized to posses ion recognition capabilities via pendant crown ether chains. The hydrophilic blocks were composed of biocompatible polyoxazolines. The self-assembling properties of the membrane were then studied by electroforming them into vesicular structures. The ion responsive properties of these polymers were then examined. These polymers show emergent behavior such as, spontaneous fusion and shape transformation to ionic stimuli due to the synergy between form and function. The results from the thesis show that it is feasible to build a renewable chemically based neural prosthesis based on supramolecular architectures. However, there remains a lot of fundamental work that needs to be pursued in the future to bring the idea to complete fruition.
by Luke Satish Kumar Theogarajan.
Ph.D.
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Brăileanu, Patricia-Isabela. "Research on optimizing customized prostheses." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI062.

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La thèse de doctorat intitulée " Research on optimizing customized prostheses " a pour objectif final de développer un logiciel qui modifie la géométrie d'une tige fémorale en fonction de paramètres prédéterminés après l’analyse des images tomographiques du patient. Afin d'obtenir des résultats, ont été réalisées les études suivantes : Des images tomographiques ont été obtenues de patients avec une hanche saine, de patients avec une hanche arthritique et de patients avec prothèse totale de hanche ; Une planification virtuelle de l'opération de remplacement total de la hanche a été réalisée pour construire une prothèse personnalisée et identifier les paramètres qui peuvent être optimisés ; Des études FEA ont été réalisées sur les tiges prothétiques standard et sur la tige prothétique personnalisée pour observer le comportement mécanique de la prothèse sujet à différentes charges externes ; Après avoir interprété les résultats, nous avons poursuivi le développement du logiciel, son objectif sera l’impression de la tige fémorale personnalisée par la technique de fabrication additive
This thesis aims to develop a virtual surgery planning methodology starting from the traditional Total Hip Replacement preoperative planning and having as final goal the realization of a template prosthesis that can be customized according to the femoral landmarks of each patient. Starting from the traditional preoperative planning of THR, which is done on the patients’ X-Ray and using the same principles of obtaining femoral landmarks, the CT scans of a patient with hip joint related disease that need to undergo a THR surgery were segmented by using specific algorithms in order to extract the patients’ femur and after that was imported in dedicated CAD software in which, with the help of evaluation instruments, all the patients’ femoral landmarks were identified. These femoral landmarks were used to develop a custom prosthesis starting from a standard anatomical femoral stem, which was validated using FEA simulations. Based on the information obtained, the development of a software coded in Python language was done to create somehow a tool that allows the analysis of patients’ CT scans in MPR view, but also in 3D view. It allows the bone segmentation of the affected area in order to obtain a CAD model file and perform the virtual preoperative planning in a CAD dedicated software, and finally use some of these dimensions in order to personalize a custom hip stem based on a pre-existing stem model used as basis for the desired geometrical transformations. The work is completed by printing it with FDM technology, using a biocompatible material to demonstrate the potential of this study, the versatility and the possibility of orienting the femoral stems used in THR towards personalization and AM, avoiding the use of standard prostheses that can lead to postoperative complications and thus leading to the elimination of prostheses “banks” due to the fact that they would no longer be necessary
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Tuncer, Mahmut. "Fixation of unicondylar knee prostheses." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/10967.

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There is increasing use of Unicondylar or Unicompartmental Knee Replacements (UKR), especially following publication of good survival data and a trend towards ‘minimally invasive surgery’. The UKR preserves one of the femoral condyles and its meniscus, plus both of the cruciate ligaments. Therefore, the knee functions more normally following UKR than after Total Knee Replacement (TKR). However, the odds for failure of the UKR are higher than the TKR, and a principal reason is loosening of the tibial and femoral components. There is a need for the development of more reliable UKR fixation designs. The overall aim of this research was to understand fixation of UKR and make recommendations for improvement to designers and surgeons. Since the Oxford mobile-bearing UKR is most widely used in the UK, it was used as the benchmark in this study. To assess initial fixation, in-vitro bone-constructs were prepared from ten cadavers implanted with the Oxford mobile-bearing UKR and tested for bone strain and bone-implant interface motion with the implants fixed using first cementless and then cemented methods. Cementless fixation produced higher proximal tibia strain and bone-implant displacement than cemented fixation. Peak bone strain increased with reduced bone density, such that the lowest density specimen fractured when implanted with the cementless UKR. To assess long-term fixation, an in-vivo prospective follow-up study of 11 Oxford UKR patients was developed and conducted for one-year, taking measurements of bone density using Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scanning. The average bone resorption under the tibial implant was found to be low; while it was higher under the femoral component and very high under the tibial intercondylar eminence. The fixation of the Oxford UKR implant was considered to be adequate at 1-year. Finite Element (FE) simulation techniques were reviewed and developed to simulate the UKR knee for investigation of bone strain, bone-implant interface micromotion and bone remodelling to assess initial and long-term fixation performance. Computer simulations of the tibiae and femora of 2 patients and 4 cadaveric specimens (obtained from the in-vivo and in-vitro studies) were developed and validated for bone strain, bone-implant interface micromotion and bone remodelling. Comparative multi-specimen computational studies were conducted to understand how particular design features affected fixation. Good fixation was indicated for cementless UKRs when implanted in dense bone, but bone strains were very high in low density tibia. Cementation of the implants spread the loads more evenly and reduced bone strains. The cementless tibial implant caused less bone resorption (compared to the cemented equivalent) but the difference in the femur was small. Bone resorption was highest at the anterior tibia and posterior to the femoral peg. Bone density was an important factor in the fixation performance of implant design features. Less bulky fixation features reduced bone resorption, provided that the underlying bone was sufficiently dense to maintain bone strains below the failure limit of bone. For patients with dense bone, fixation could be improved with shorter tibial keels and less stiff femoral implants. For patients with low density bone, fixation could be improved with cementation and bone resection that avoids creating stress-raisers.
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Freilich, Rebekah. "Biomechanical model of transhumeral prostheses." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003199.

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Di, Credico Valeria. "Analysis of retrieved shoulder prostheses." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8576/.

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In the last years the number of shoulder arthroplasties has been increasing. Simultaneously the study of their shape, size and strength and the reasons that bring to a possible early explantation have not yet been examined in detail. The research carried out directly on explants is practically nonexistent, this means a poor understanding of the mechanisms leading the patient and so the surgeon, to their removal. The analysis of the mechanisms which are the cause of instability, dislocation, broken, fracture, etc, may lead to a change in the structure or design of the shoulder prostheses and lengthen the life of the implant in situ. The idea was to analyze 22 explants through three methods in order to find roughness, corrosion and surface wear. In the first method, the humeral heads and/or the glenospheres were examined with the interferometer, a machine that through electromagnetic waves gives information about the roughness of the surfaces under examination. The output of the device was a total profile containing both roughness and information on the waves (representing the spatial waves most characteristic on the surface). The most important value is called "roughness average" and brings the average value of the peaks found in the local defects of the surfaces. It was found that 42% of the prostheses had considerable peak values in the area where the damage was caused by the implant and not only by external events, such as possibly the surgeon's hand. One of the problems of interest in the use of metallic biomaterials is their resistance to corrosion. The clinical significance of the degradation of metal implants has been the purpose of the second method; the interaction between human body and metal components is critical to understand how and why they arrive to corrosion. The percentage of damage in the joints of the prosthetic components has been calculated via high resolution photos and the software ImageJ. The 40% and 50% of the area appeared to have scratches or multiple lines due to mechanical artifacts. The third method of analysis has been made through the use of electron microscopy to quantify the wear surface in polyethylene components. Different joint movements correspond to different mechanisms of damage, which were imprinted in the parts of polyethylene examined. The most affected area was located mainly in the side edges. The results could help the manufacturers to modify the design of the prostheses and thus reduce the number of explants. It could also help surgeons in choosing the model of the prosthesis to be implanted in the patient.
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Zeng, Peng. "Wear mechanisms of alumina hip prostheses." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.489871.

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Although extensive research has been undertaken on wear of alumina there is still poor understanding about the mechanisms which can take place during the ill vivo wear of alumina, such as found in alumina hip prostheses. In particular, the origin of 'stripe' wear, a region of high wear dominated by fracture that is observed widely from retrieved ill vivo alumina hip prostheses, has not been clearly determined. Moreover, it has not been completely validated that laboratory hip simulators reproduce the same wear mechanisms as found in the body, although it is known that the stripe wear can only be replicated by the introduction of microseparation during the simulated walking cycle. The current study presents detailed analysis of the worn surface of alumina acetabular cup and alumina femoral head following ill vitro testing incorporating microseparation at the University of Leeds, as well as retrieved ill vivo alumina hip prostheses. Four different wear zones were identified on both the acetabular cup and femoral head for both ill vitro and ill vivo specimens, defined as: mild wear, wear transition, stripe boundary and stripe wear zones. Although sequence of events cannot be verified, the available evidence indicated the following wear process of alumina hip prostheses: rather than the final stage of the wear process, fracture occurred in the early stages due to the local impact associated with microseparation, leading to the region of stripe wear. FIB cross-section investigations showed that fracture was predominantly intergranular, with some transgranular fracture, and that in both cases, fracture was restricted to the outer layer of grains. In addition, plastic deformation and a 3rd body abrasion were also observed, with the dislocation activity also restricted to the outer grains. The wear debris liberated from the stripe wear region was believed to subsequently have resulted in wear in other parts of the joint that would otherwise have shown little evidence of damage. The stripe boundary zone, immediately adjacent to the stripe wear region, exhibited minimal wear, with a remarkably sharp boundary between the stripe wear and mild wear. The explanation for such an abrupt change from mild to severe wear were possibly abrupt change in lubrication from microseparation or small changes in the height of the alumina surface. Most of the remaining surface on the worn alumina-on-alumina THRs had experience only mild wear. Detailed analysis of this region showed that it contained extensive fine scale 3rd body abrasion, presumably from wear debris that had become much finer due to attrition between the articulating surfaces, originally coming from the stripe wear region. Cross-sectional TEM indicated that the abrasive grooves did result in surface dislocation activity which was restricted to the outer 100nm of the surface. In addition, differential wear between grains was observed in the mild wear zone, which was believed to be evidence of tribochemical wear. Some small additional wear scars, similar to the observations of the morphology of stripe wear and parallel to the stripe wear occurred near the stripe wear region on ill vitro and retrieved ill vivo alumina femoral heads in the mild wear zone. A wear transition zone outside the stripe wear zone was identified, comprising a highly pitted surface and an amount ofwear debris. The pits had largely arisen from intergranular fracture. The extent of this region was limited compared with other wear zones and was more obvious on the alumina acetabular cup than on the alumina femoral head. Detail TEM analysis showed of this region showed extensive dislocation activity on the pyramidal system. Three types of wear debris were observed: globular wear debris, nanocrystalline wear debris and needle shaped wear debris. The globular wear debris is most likely to have come from grains been pulled out and covered by tribochemical film as it rolls over the surface. The nanocrystalline wear debris was believed to arise from 3rd body microabrasion during the normal articulation and the needle shaped wear debris is believed to be a direct product of tribochemical wear.
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Books on the topic "Prostheses"

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Carson, Culley C. III. Urologic Prostheses. New Jersey: Humana Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/1592590969.

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Branch, Ontario Ministry of Health Assistive Devices. Breast prostheses. Toronto, Ont: Queen's Printer for Ontario, 1990.

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Zeng, Fan-Gang, Arthur N. Popper, and Richard R. Fay, eds. Auditory Prostheses. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9434-9.

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Maciunas, Robert J. Neural prostheses. Edited by AANS Publications Committee. Rolling Meadows, Ill: American Association of Neurological Surgeons, 2000.

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Ontario. Ministry of Health. Assistive Devices Branch. Maxillofacial prostheses. Toronto, Ont: Queen's Printer for Ontario, 1990.

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Maciunas, Robert J. Neural prostheses. Edited by AANS Publications Committee. Rolling Meadows, Ill: American Association of Neurological Surgeons, 2000.

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Emami, Elham, and Jocelyne Feine, eds. Mandibular Implant Prostheses. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71181-2.

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M, Chuter Timothy A., Donayre Carlos E, and White Rodney A, eds. Endoluminal vascular prostheses. Boston: Little, Brown, 1995.

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Christakos, Margaret. Excessive love prostheses. [Toronto]: Coach House Books, 2002.

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Miroslaw, Vitali, ed. Amputations and prostheses. 2nd ed. London: Baillière Tindall, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Prostheses"

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Kanas, JoAnne L. "Prostheses." In The Pediatric Upper Extremity, 1835–56. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8515-5_85.

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Winter, Patrick M., Gregory M. Lanza, Samuel A. Wickline, Marc Madou, Chunlei Wang, Parag B. Deotare, Marko Loncar, et al. "Prostheses." In Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology, 2180. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9751-4_100684.

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Zeng, Fan-Gang. "Advances in Auditory Prostheses." In Auditory Prostheses, 1–11. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9434-9_1.

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Sharma, Anu, and Michael Dorman. "Central Auditory System Development and Plasticity After Cochlear Implantation." In Auditory Prostheses, 233–55. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9434-9_10.

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Fu, Qian-Jie, and John J. Galvin. "Auditory Training for Cochlear Implant Patients." In Auditory Prostheses, 257–78. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9434-9_11.

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Ambrose, Sophie E., Dianne Hammes-Ganguly, and Laurie S. Eisenberg. "Spoken and Written Communication Development Following Pediatric Cochlear Implantation." In Auditory Prostheses, 279–303. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9434-9_12.

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McDermott, Hugh. "Music Perception." In Auditory Prostheses, 305–39. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9434-9_13.

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Xu, Li, and Ning Zhou. "Tonal Languages and Cochlear Implants." In Auditory Prostheses, 341–64. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9434-9_14.

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Barone, Pascal, and Olivier Deguine. "Multisensory Processing in Cochlear Implant Listeners." In Auditory Prostheses, 365–81. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9434-9_15.

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van Hoesel, Richard. "Bilateral Cochlear Implants." In Auditory Prostheses, 13–57. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9434-9_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Prostheses"

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Lura, Derek, Rajiv Dubey, Stephanie L. Carey, and M. Jason Highsmith. "Simulated Compensatory Motion of Transradial Prostheses." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67842.

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The prostheses used by the majority of persons with hand/arm amputations today have a very limited range of motion. Transradial (below the elbow) amputees lose the three degrees of freedom provided by the wrist and forearm. Some myoeletric prostheses currently allow for forearm pronation and supination (rotation about an axis parallel to the forearm) and the operation of a powered prosthetic hand. Older body-powered prostheses, incorporating hooks and other cable driven terminal devices, have even fewer degrees of freedom. In order to perform activities of daily living (ADL), a person with amputation(s) must use a greater than normal range of movement from other body joints to compensate for the loss of movement caused by the amputation. By studying the compensatory motion of prosthetic users we can understand the mechanics of how they adapt to the loss of range of motion in a given limb for select tasks. The purpose of this study is to create a biomechanical model that can predict the compensatory motion using given subject data. The simulation can then be used to select the best prosthesis for a given user, or to design prostheses that are more effective at selected tasks, once enough data has been analyzed. Joint locations necessary to accomplish the task with a given configuration are calculated by the simulation for a set of prostheses and tasks. The simulation contains a set of prosthetic configurations that are represented by parameters that consist of the degrees of freedom provided by the selected prosthesis. The simulation also contains a set of task information that includes joint constraints, and trajectories which the hand or prosthesis follows to perform the task. The simulation allows for movement in the wrist and forearm, which is dependent on the prosthetic configuration, elbow flexion, three degrees of rotation at the shoulder joint, movement of the shoulder joint about the sternoclavicular joint, and translation and rotation of the torso. All joints have definable restrictions determined by the prosthesis, and task.
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Lura, Derek J., M. Jason Highsmith, Stephanie L. Carey, and Rajiv V. Dubey. "Kinetic Differences in a Subject With Two Different Prosthetic Knees While Performing Sitting and Standing Movements." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-193045.

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Advanced prostheses are currently being sold in consumer markets. The development of these advanced prostheses is largely a result of a better understanding of the biomechanics of human locomotion [1]. Powered and microprocessor controlled prostheses are offering better performance in a variety of movements and in the gait cycle. However the focus in lower limb prosthetics has been largely on locomotion (e.g. walking, stair gait and running). This study focuses on the sit and stand cycles of an individual with an Otto Bock C-leg and an Ossur Power Knee prosthesis, comparing his ability to utilize each prosthesis and comparing his cycle to that of a healthy (non-amputee) control subject. This study is part of a larger ongoing study of the sit and stand cycles seen in a large population of unilateral transfemoral prosthetic users of various kinds. The purpose of this study is to compare the difference in method of standing, and assistance provided by the prosthesis. With the knowledge gained from this study we hope to better understand the biomechanics of the sit and stand cycles, leading to better prostheses in the future.
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Lenzi, Tommaso, Marco Cempini, Levi Hargrove, and Todd Kuiken. "Hybrid Actuation Systems for Lightweight Transfemoral Prostheses." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3398.

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Lower-limb amputation affects the ambulation ability and quality of life of about 600,000 individuals in the United States alone1. Individuals with transfemoral amputation typically walk slower, expend more energy, and have a higher risk of falls than able-bodied individuals2. Ambulation activities such as climbing ramps or stairs or standing up from a seated position are much more difficult than for able-bodied persons. Advances in prosthetic technologies are needed to improve the ambulation ability of above-knee amputees. Passive knee prostheses are lightweight, robust, and quiet, but can only perform activities with dissipative dynamics. Powered prostheses3 overcome this limitation by motorizing the prosthetic joints throughout the entire day, thus enabling the achievement of more activities. However, the prosthesis actuator must then accommodate a wide range of speed and torque to support the various activities, plus provide power over the course of the entire day. Consequently, powered prostheses provide the ability to perform more tasks at the expense of substantial weight, noise, and battery life, which in turn affect their acceptability and clinical viability. To address these shortcomings, we propose a hybrid actuation design for prosthetic knees. The proposed hybrid actuation system uses a motor, transmission, and control only for those activities requiring net-positive mechanical energy, such as climbing on stairs and ramps or performing sit-to-stand transfers. For non-positive mechanical energy tasks, such as standing and walking, the motor and transmission are mechanically disconnected, and passive knee components are used alone, thus achieving improved joint dynamics, and avoiding any electrical energy consumption.
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Laschowski, Brock, and Jan Andrysek. "Electromechanical Design of Robotic Transfemoral Prostheses." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85234.

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Alongside promising advances in biomechatronics, the following research presents the first documented investigation reviewing the electromechanical system designs of energetically-powered (i.e., robotic) prostheses for patients with transfemoral amputations. The technical review begins with examining the material and mechanical designs, and electrical batteries incorporated into robotic transfemoral prostheses. The actuation systems have encompassed electromagnetic actuators (i.e., occasionally featuring series elastic elements), pneumatic actuators (i.e., pneumatic cylinders and pneumatic artificial muscles), and hydraulic actuators. Various wearable sensors have been utilized to provide closed-loop feedback control, including electromechanical sensors, surface electromyography, and bioinspired machine vision systems. The Össur Power Knee (i.e., the only commercially-available powered transfemoral prosthesis) is additionally discussed. The technical review concludes with suggesting prospective future directions for innovation, specifically lower-limb prostheses capability of electrical energy regeneration.
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A. Ribeiro, G., and M. Rastgaar. "Prediction of Ground Profile for Lower-Leg Prosthesis Control Using a Visual-Inertial System." In 2018 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2018-6962.

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The field of control of powered lower-leg prostheses has advanced due to the improvements in sensors and computational power. Much effort has been done to improve the capabilities of prostheses, such as mimicking the stiffness, weight, and mobility of a human ankle-foot [1] and autonomously commanding the robotic prosthesis for gait [2].
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Kwon, Young Joo. "A Comparative Study of Structural Analyses for Flat and Curved Mechanical Heart Valve Prostheses to Enhance Durability." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41184.

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This paper addresses a comparative study of structural analyses for flat and curved mechanical heart valve prostheses. The same fluid force computed by the fluid mechanics analysis for the blood flow passing through the leaflets of a bileaflet mechanical heart valve prosthesis is used to both flat and curved mechanical heart valve prostheses for comparison. This fluid force is applied to both mechanical heart valve prostheses for the rigid body dynamics analyses to confirm the kinematic and dynamic characteristics of leaflet motions, the structural mechanics analyses for deformed leaflets of both flat and curved mechanical heart valve prostheses are executed to give quite different stress and deflection results even though they have the almost same kinematic and dynamic characteristics.
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Wu, Molei, Md Rejwanul Haque, and Xiangrong Shen. "Sit-to-Stand Control of Powered Knee Prostheses." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3507.

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Standing from a seated position is a common, yet dynamically challenging task. Due to the vertical ascent of the body center of gravity, sit-to-stand (STS) transition requires high torque output from the knee. As a result, STS transition poses a major barrier to the mobility of individuals with lower-limb issues, including the transfemoral (TF, also known as above-knee) amputees. A study showed that unilateral TF amputees suffer from high asymmetry in ground reaction forces (53∼69%) and knee moments (110∼124%), while the asymmetry for healthy controls is less than 7% [1]. Note that, although a powered TF prosthesis (Power Knee™) was used in this study, it generated resistance in the STS and thus produced similar results as the passive devices. The inability of existing prostheses in generating knee torque and regulating the torque delivery in the STS seriously affects the mobility of TF amputees in their daily life. Motivated by this issue, researchers have developed numerous powered TF prostheses (e.g., Vanderbilt powered TF prostheses [2]). These devices are able to generate torque and power for challenging tasks such as STS transition. Making full use of such capability, however, requires an effective controller. Currently, walking control for powered prostheses has been well established, but STS control is much less investigated. Varol et al. developed a multi-mode TF prosthesis controller, in which STS is treated as a transitional motion between sitting and standing states [2]. However, no details were provided on the rationale of the STS controller structure or the determination of the control parameters. In this paper, a new prosthesis control approach is presented, which regulates the power and torque delivery in the STS process. Inspired by the biomechanical behavior of the knee in the STS motion, the new controller provides two desired functions (gradual loading of the knee at the beginning, and automatic adjustment of the knee torque according to motion progress) with a single equation. Combined with a simple yet reliable triggering condition, the proposed control approach is able to provide natural STS motion for the powered knee prosthesis users.
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Bernal-Torres, Mario G., Hugo I. Medellín-Castillo, and Juan C. Arellano-González. "Development of an Active Biomimetic-Controlled Transfemoral Knee Prosthesis." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-67211.

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Commercial available knee prostheses are still limited because most of them comprise passive elements that store and deliver energy during the gait cycle, but without providing additional energy. This inability to provide additional energy affects the performance of passive prostheses, which in some cases demands up to 60% of additional metabolic energy to perform a gait cycle. Recent research works have focused on the design of active knee prostheses, including the development and implementation of control strategies such as electromyographic (EMG) signals. However, the results of such implementations reveal that these control strategies are still limited because of the relatively long time response and inaccurate movements. This paper presents the design of a new biomimetic-controlled knee prosthesis for transfemoral amputation. The aim is to contribute to the development of simple and effective active knee prostheses. The proposed prosthesis consists of a polycentric mechanism obtained from the body-guidance kinematics synthesis of a four bar linkage. This synthesis is based on the natural movements of the human knee, taking into account the shortening effect of the leg during the walking process to avoid trips. The prosthetic knee mimics the human motion of the healthy leg by means of an echo-control strategy. An experimental prototype has been implemented and tested on a workbench. The experimental results have demonstrated the usability of the proposed biomimetic active knee prosthesis.
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Wang, Shyh-Jen. "An Experimental Methodology to Evaluate the Rigidity of Penile Prostheses in Vitro." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-2559.

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Abstract This work investigates the hardness and buckling force of penile prosthesis to further understand the rigidity of penile prosthesis before and after implantation. Evaluated herein are four prosthetic samples (inflatable 3, semi-rigid 1), five realities (inflatable 1, semi-rigid 4), and one after implantation of prosthesis. The hardness is measured with a hardness tester by pressing the tester’s indentor to the surface of the specimen. In addition, a patient after implantation is evaluated with respect to the hardness of penile versus various numbers of pumping. The buckling force of the prosthesis is also determined by a push-pull gauge and special designed sampling table. Results in this study demonstrate that although the inflatable prosthesis could only be pumped to a certain amount of hardness, hardness and buckling force correlate well with each other. After reaching the extreme hardness, prostheses can even be further pumped a few times. However, continuous pumping only puts more tension on the prosthetic material without increasing any hardness and could induce to mechanical failure of prosthesis. Results also indicate that the buckling force decreases with increasing length of the semi-rigid prostheses, and, then, enlarged when the prosthesis has a larger diameter. This in vitro non-invasive mechanical measurement of the rigidity in penile prosthesis can provide not only clinicians with further information about the penile prosthesis before implantation, but also the patients with more confidence in the prosthesis usage after implantation.
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Abayasiri, R. A. M., R. A. R. C. Gopura, and R. K. P. S. Ranaweera. "A trans-humeral ortho-prosthesis: Towards power assistive prostheses." In 2018 4th International Conference on Control, Automation and Robotics (ICCAR). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccar.2018.8384722.

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Reports on the topic "Prostheses"

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Traczinski, Adriana, Felipe Carvalho de Macêdo, Ivete Aparecida de Mattias Sartori, and José Mauro Granjeiro. Advantages and limitations related to the rehabilitation of edentulous jaw with implant supported prostheses made of monolithic zirconia: systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.1.0111.

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Review question / Objective: P: edentulous maxillary arch; I: Full arch rehabilitation with monolithic zirconia or veneered prosthesis retained by implants; C: none; O: Biomechanical complications (framework fracture, chipping, complications, advantages, limitations); S: RCT, nor randomized clinical trials. Condition being studied: Biomechanical complications resulting from the oral rehabilitation of edentulous maxillary arch through the use of implant-supported full arc prostheses made of monolithic zirconia. Eligibility criteria: Total edentulous maxillary arch patients; rehabilitated with implants; monolithic zirconia prostheses with full contour or vestibular face with application of feldspathic ceramics or full veneered or with segmented zirconia crowns; the condition of the opposing arch must be described; the number of maxillary implants that support the prosthesis must be a minimum of 4 implants.
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Liu, Wentai. Wireless link and microelectronics design for retinal prostheses. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1346986.

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Jah, Fungwe. Comparative analysis between bone-guided (endo-exo) prostheses and soft-tissue guided shaft prostheses for rehabilitation after thigh amputation, with special emphasis on its socio-economic aspects. Science Repository OU, April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.jsr.2019.01.03.

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Sugar, Thomas G. Spring Ankle with Regenerative Kinetics to Build a New Generation of Transtibial Prostheses. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada618429.

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Sugar, Thomas G. Spring Ankle with Regenerative Kinetics to Build a New Generation of Transtibial Prostheses. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada618430.

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Cajas, María Augusta, Marcela Cabrera, Jaime Astudillo, Yulissa Abad, and Daniela Astudillo. Accuracy in marginal and/or internal adaptation of full-coverage fixed prostheses made with digital versus conventional impressions: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.10.0024.

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Review question / Objective: Is the accuracy (marginal adaptation and / or internal adaptation) of fixed full coverage prostheses made with digital impressions better than conventional impressions? Eligibility criteria: Inclusion criteria• Systematic reviews and / or meta-analyzes that evaluated the precision (marginal adaptation and / or internal adaptation) of full coverage fixed prostheses on natural teeth in clinical studies and on tooth replicas in in vitro studies.• Systematic reviews and / or meta-analyzes comparing digital impressions with an intraoral scanner versus conventional impressions taken with any impression material.• Systematic reviews and / or meta-analyzes of randomized clinical trials (RCTs), prospective comparative and in vitro and non-randomized clinical trials.Exclusion criteria:• Systematic literature reviews, case reports, pilot studies• Studies evaluating the seating of crowns on implants and partial restorations• Studies with no response from the author to the requested information query.
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Sugar, Thomas G. SPARKy - Spring Ankle with Regenerative Kinetics to Build a New Generation of Transtibial Prostheses. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada620088.

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Balk, Ethan M., Abhilash Gazula, Georgios Markozannes, Hanna J. Kimmel, Ian J. Saldanha, Linda J. Resnik, and Thomas A. Trikalinos. Lower Limb Prostheses: Measurement Instruments, Comparison of Component Effects by Subgroups, and Long-Term Outcomes. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer213.

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Fitzgerald, Shirley G., R. A. Cooper, B. Dicianno, D. Collins, E. Teodorski, A. Karmarkar, M. Sporner, P. Pasquina, T. Wichman, and A. Franklin. Impact of Physical Activity on Participation and Quality of Life in Individuals who use Prostheses and other Assistive Technology/Lower Extremity Prostheses versus Wheelchair for Functional Performance and Participation of Military and Veteran Personnel. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada574353.

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Shim, Jae K., Adam Hsieh, Alison Linberg, and Erik Wolf. Determining the Marker Configuration and Modeling Technique to Optimize the Biomechanical Analysis of Running-Specific Prostheses. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada540957.

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