Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Prostitution – Sénégal – Dakar (Sénégal)'
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Fouquet, Thomas. "Filles de la nuit, aventurières de la cité : arts de la citadinité et désirs de l’Ailleurs à Dakar." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0486.
Full textThis thesis is based on the ethnography of young Dakar women who produce themselves in bars and nightclubs, where they negotiate various forms of sexual-economic exchange while refashioning their social positioning through the reinvention of physical and symbolic boundaries. I call them city adventurers in order to discuss the critical postures and alternative social trajectories they print in urban interstices. Filigree careers of the night, some trajectories of extraversion are made possible by the cosmopolitan skills gradually acquired. How to replace the culture of migration in Senegal in a socio-historical frame of extraversion that includes a wider range of social and historical configurations? What are the specific issues linked to the definition of an art of urban subaltern citizenship? On the whole, what are the contributions of such analysis for understanding the debates of modernity which Senegal is the scene since the mid-20th century? The scocial trajectories of those city adventurers are rooted in the invention of an imaginaryexile- making a social and cultural distance, a change of scenery. This interpretation introduces a questioning of modernity and cosmopolitanism as terrains de contestation historically constituted and constantly updated
Dumont, Myriam. "Une lecture de la ville de Dakar (approche sociolinguistique à partir de l'étude sémiologique des enseignes commerciales)." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05H052.
Full textThe city of Dakar, capital of Senegal, offer a particular linguistic situation: to write, there is three possibilitys of languages, and two alphabets: French, Wolof and Arabic; the Latin's alphabet and the Arabic's alphabet. In any time, the writing environment accounts for this fact on the buses driving around the city, on the walls decorated with frescos and graffiti, in the newspapers, and also, on the sign- boards. The choice of one of the languages, or alphabet becomes the sign of an ethnic or religious appurtenance, or the sign of a desire to show that you belong to a social group. The sign-board, is a support of these writing stamps, but also iconic stamps, so, this research will be based on this sign in order to prove that it is one of the tell-tale of the social organization of the districts of Dakar. This work will permit to "read" the city, but also, to understand more, the values of each language
Diagne, Alioune. "L' entrée en vie adulte à Dakar." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010669.
Full textDreyfus, Martine. "Le plurilinguisme à Dakar : contribution à une sociolinguistique urbaine." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05H064.
Full textThis study, describes a multilingual situation, found in a changing urban society, characterized by complex interactions between languages, (French : official language ; wolof : lingua franca; vernacular languages which express particular identities), social groups and ethnic communities. This description can help to better adapt educational and training policies to the needs of the country, and to better make choices about language planning. The analysis of 1617 questionnaires and interviews with young scholars permitted the author to identify explanatory variables of linguistic maintenance and shift. The variables which contribute the most significantly : "linguistic endogamy", ethnic group, place of upbringing father's profession, places of residence, gender. The observation of interactions, the study of recorded conversations and discussions with the numbers of thirty families of different ethnic background, and with various lifestyles reflecting different levels of urgn integration, allowed the author to determine attitudes and perceptions regarding language as well as code-switching or code-miking practices. These express different strategies of linguistic adaptation in the town and also different "acts of identity"
Mbow, Lat Soucabé. "Dakar : croissance et mobilité urbaines." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100108.
Full textShortly after World War II, Dakar underwent an unprecedented urban growth. Its diverse roles between 1945 and 1980 made it conquer annually more than 400 hectares over the neighboring agricultural lands. Such a peripheral expansion no doubt generated conspicuous technical constraints in terms of unequal opportunity to have access to public services, and within the internal functional difficulties of the suburb. The rapid spatial expansion is a result of both the growth of urban functions and demographic moves. The vigor of the latter generated various population problems of which unemployment is probably the most determining social stratification factor in Dakar. To a large extent, the location of several groups within the spatial framework depends on it. However, social segregation is not as tough as it may appear. In the long run, differences may emerge, subsequent to the implementation of policies more liberal than those that prevailed under welfare state
Rothé, Thomas. "Chronique familiale dans un quartier populaire de Dakar : ajustements individuels et collectifs à la précarité." Amiens, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AMIE0016.
Full textMoya, Ismaël. "De l'argent aux valeurs : femmes, économie, parenté et Islam à Thiaroye-sur-Mer, Dakar, Sénégal." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0450.
Full textDrawing on an analysis of the circulation of money in Thiaroye-sur-Mer,a popular suburb of Dakar, this thesis shows in the first place that economy is encompassed by the ceremonial system based on kinship relations. Contrary to economic activities, women's ceremonies permit to mobilise simultaneously the entire financial networks in order to honour kinship relations through various prestations, thereby gathering funds that are impossible to raise for any another purpose. For this urban context with its seemingly social atomization, the thesis further reveals the structuring role of the ceremonial system organising marriage and birth, articulating kinship relations, women's exchange ceremonies and Muslim rituals through the mediating agency of the griots. The analysis thus shows that the hierarchical relation between Islam and the ceremonial agency of wiomen, athough not made explicit by the social actors, structures the values of this society and subordinates economy
Lecarme, Mireille. "Marchandes à Dakar, négoce, négociation sociale et rapports sociaux de sexe en milieu urban précaire." Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0030.
Full textA multidisciplinary approach allows one to demonstrate the many pressures bearing down on a group of women fishmongers. Urban precariousness, trade rules and social reproduction are all linked. The illegality of housing produces social tensions and fuels political pratonage. With the backdrop of economic crisis, trade could not start nor perputuate without the benefit of a social network. But the profits are absorbed by the (uncertain) continuation of the business and by social obligations : it makes the accumulation of capital difficult. Trapped between the necessity to procreate and to support their family, these women resort to using young girls and even girls (their own daughters, relatives) for their housework and trade. As in their mothers'days, they are inculcated with the values of hard working and submission. The marketplace is a space wherein economic and social sphere interlock : the verbal interactions express the connections between the act of pruchasing and the scaffolding structures of social life. Competition between the women fishmongers is tempered by the respect of social and religious guidelines. The role these women play in the survival of families and their bargaining experience have hardly transformed the social bonds between men and women, which are grounded upon an already set up system of male preeminence. However some of them succed in modifying them
Diallo, Sounkarou. "La délinquance juvénile à Dakar : une nouvelle forme de déviance ?" Montpellier 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON30012.
Full textGenerally, one uses the economic crisis to explain the juvenile delinquency. Nevertheless, the social in Senegal presents many facts showing new ways of delinquency. Though the economic crisis can represent the principal of delinquency, new possible ways appear now. The immigration, the inequality in the classic ways of success, the cultural crisis. . . Are as many reasons to talk about way of delinquency. What would be the way to battle the rising of the juvenile delinquency? We, through this thesis, do believe that a new way to live the values and a strong and independent justice would be necessary
Moguerou, Laure. "Vouloir et pouvoir scolariser ses enfants : pratiques éducatives à Dakar (Sénégal) sous le prisme des inégalités sociales, familiales et de genre." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006IEPP0040.
Full textThe evolutions of primary schooling in Dakar between 1990 and 2000 show that access to school and schooling paths depend more and more of parents decisions. Because school is compulsory only "within the means of the State", it relies on parents to put and keep their children in school. Stagnation of primary schooling in Dakar could be the sign of a partial reject of school by families. But then, how interpret the catch up of girls schooling rate ? The schooling strategies show that most people have trouble engaging in long term schooling and that they develop different expectations towards school based on the believed or real benefits of school certification. The fact that the schooling rate of girls is catching up on the one of boys reflects the improvement of girls' paths as well as the partial avoidance of school by boys. Boys seem to be even more tempted to quit the school system that their vision of social roles follow tradition and that school does not keep its promises anymore. Girls are staying longer, yet it is in the impatient wait of marriage. Finally, the school system in Dakar is opening to girls, but mainly because it is not anymore the sacred way of social success for boys, and not because of a reject of traditional gender roles
Ball, Adama. "Élections et gouvernance locale au Sénégal : le cas de l'agglomération dakaroise." Rouen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ROUEL016.
Full textAbout twenty years after « democratic transitions » in Africa, even though the question of the reliability of electoral ballots arises with acuteness, most of researches reoriented towards political participation. In Senegal, since the application of regionalization in 1996, municipal, rural and regional elections allowed candidates, political parties, and civil society's organizations to invest local political area. The deciphering of candidates speech, the analysis of election results and elected representatives profiles show the articulation between both local and national stakes. To analyse these stakes and sociopolitical dynamics which they arouse, we promote a political and territorial approach. Political approach analyzes the political and sociological electorates in the urban area of Dakar. Territorial approach shows that current plan of the urban governance results from complex strategies, from unpredictable balance of power between multiple social players. Beyond thematic analysis, this study innovates as far as it presents an election results processing which is at the same time synoptic and differential. Our thesis purpose is to show, how from the processes of « municipalization » and « politicization » (on a local scale), the democracy of decentralization became a political geography of territories control
Manga, Christian Thierry. "Dynamique socio-religieuse et production territoriale dans une métropole ouest africaine : le cas des réseaux chrétiens de Dakar, Sénégal." Rouen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ROUEL027.
Full textContext of the urbanity evolution in the Dakar metropolitan area is combined with the emergence and/or the assertion of identity logics. The religion became, by the way of these networks, an important factor of territorial construction. That goes from the conquest of portions of spaces to the creation of new territories legitimatedd by the monk. The catholic networks socio-monk of Dakar are not only registered in the space of the agglomeration, but not also produced by this one; they are dynamic. By their space-time dynamism, they contribute to structure, develop and modify the territory of the agglomeration. The "territory-network" could thus combine the whole of the relations which are woven inside the various urban structures. Parallel to the administrative geography, the catholic and christian geography evolves/moves with its own structuring and meets its own standards of organization controls around two models : specific and surface; it functions between the room and the total one. It is through the behaviors and the strategies developed by the community to integrate the monk in the urban one that the territoriality takes shape. For the majority adhesion with associations is not systematic, the membership of the geographical entity or the structure lodging association (the company, establishment. . . ) is necessary. One of the principal rules of the operation of these networks is that they emphasize two levels of occurences for which it is necessary to be interested: the individual level of faithful belonging or not to the organization and the collective level of the reseautic organization itself
Dial, Fatou Binetou. "Le parcours matrimonial des femmes à Dakar : subir le mariage, s'approprier le divorce." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100014.
Full textMarriage in Senegal is becoming less and less an exchange between social groups to be an individual-based alliance, which is partly why marriage has become instable. Though the latter is still the commonest mode of union in a society still keen on tradition, divorce is rife, especially in the towns and occurs in different ways due to tradition or religion. Repudiation for instance, though banned by a 1972 law, is rampant, marriages being mostly contracted on a customary or religions basis and not recorded as there is no dialogue between mosques and municipalies. Studying marriage and divorce in Dakar enables to sec the place of women and to reconsider gender relations within the society, as marriage can only be scrutinised from a gender-centred perspective. This brings to light women's plight in wedlock seen as a rite of passage, but also the chance they have to 'readjust' their lives affectively and sexually as men do through polygamy. The dissertation comprises three points: the paradox between still-valued marriage and high divorce rates ; the set idea that divorced women become get poorer ; and the complex links between marriage, divorce and re-marriage in Dakar
Dasylva, Sylvestre. "Les bas-fonds des sables dunaires de la région de Dakar : potentialités agricoles et contraintes urbaines." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010578.
Full textIda, Akiko. "Les vécus de l’enfant hospitalisé à Dakar : une analyse ethnographique des paroles et des interactions dans quelques services de pédiatrie à Dakar." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0725.
Full textSub-Saharan Africa observes more than 3 million deaths of children under 5 years of age every year, and the health of African children constitutes a priority for international development. This thesis therefore sets its objective to shed light on the perceptions of the sick child, his/her close family members and health care professionals concerned in certain paediatrics in Dakar. This research is at a crossroads of anthropology of health and anthropology of childhood, and two fieldworks were conducted: an ethnographic research in a paediatric ward in Dakar; and another research in two primary schools, where semi-structured interviews were conducted and drawings and compositions were collected from pupils. Major results are as follows. Firstly, in a relatively poor country such as Senegal where the state cannot guarantee the basic public services, poverty is a synonym for exclusion from the essential health care services. Secondly, health professionals adapt the painful procedures according to the circumstances and different types of hierarchies. In this context, health professionals were both authorities and victims of this “system of indifference” at the same time. Then, a dogma exists among the doctors that the young patient must be treated up to the end of his life despite of his sufferings. Finally, the end of life has no place in the hospital in Dakar. To conclude, the experience of children in hospital is affected by the context of social relations and norms in situ. However, the testimonies by the children also confirm their autonomy and their capacity for reflections
Mare, Ndéye Andel Diagne. "Analyse de l'insertion différentielle sur le marché de l'emploi : étude de cas sur l'agglomération dakaroise." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010552.
Full textDANFAKHA, PAPA WALY. "Equipement public et aménagement de la ville de Dakar : 1930-1957." Paris 7, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA070053.
Full textThe thing is, between 1930 and 1957 to evaluate the quantity of public buildings realized in dakar by the colonial authorities. To this point of view the definition 0f public equipment goes widely beyond the investment notion measured to the amount of issued extra-payments. Here the public equipment is understood as the number of infrastructural (roads, buildings) and economical realizations (i. E harbour) undertaken by the public authorities. These works include altogether the buildings and the important operations of conversion and development. The aim is to measure the public buildings impact on the town but also to the population growth within a colonial setting. On the whole the town growth will have been profitable to minorities : europeans, african elite against the population mass
Diaw, Papa Mourath. "Saturation dakaroise et émergence de pôles urbains (Thies et la ville nouvelle de Diamniadio) : entre pratiques citadines et politiques publiques." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10011.
Full textDiawara, Amadou Bélal. "Les déchets solides à Dakar : environnement, sociétés et gestion urbaine." Bordeaux 3, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00466516.
Full textDakar faces an important deficit in equipment and basic urban public services. Among the sectors affected by this deficiency, that of the taking charge of solid waste. At its birth in the xxe century, colonial authorities limited the collection and cleaning services to only European districts of the town. Since the independence, a quick urban denseness which did not gain control of, brought organisms of collection, to apply a sociodifferentiate management between central equipped areas, and a little urbanized margin beltways. Domestic hygiene was not very affected by this functioning. But the weakness of the official offer, bring the populations to adopt alternatives mechanisms a little suitable for the disposal of garbage : anarchists rejection, burial or traditional burning. With the law acquittal of Mbeubeus which receives the whole waste of the built up area, these practices cause the pollution of the environment. It also damage the living condition of the population, and put in danger their health. A global management policy of waste is necessary. Intervening on the whole chain, it must integrate the banal production, but also that said dangerous medical and industrial waste
Wade, Salimata. "La production de logements à Dakar, un créneau pour les promoteurs immobiliers privés (1980-1990)." Montpellier 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON30034.
Full textDiop, Abdoul Aziz. "Les centralités à Dakar (Sénégal) : un développement urbain entre mobilités, échanges et luttes d'influence." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX10020.
Full textKoume, Mamadou. "L' Evolution de la presse quotidienne au Sénégal : "Paris-Dakar" (1937-1961) : "Dakar-Matin" (1961-1970)." Paris 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA020039.
Full textStevens, Antoine. "Epidémiologie des salmonelles dans la filière viande bovine à Dakar-Sénégal." Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOS062.
Full textDiouf, Adama. "Fondation du port de Dakar : acteurs et enjeux : 1855-1918." Le Havre, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LEHA0015.
Full textUnder what circumstance was the etablished port of Dakar ? In counting the microfilmed archives of the AOF in Paris and through an oral interview , the actors (marines, colonial, shipping companies, trading houses, leaders of lebous, indigenous workers, foreign powers), the issues are reviewed from 1855 to 1918
Dia, Ibrahima. "Entrepreneuriat féminin : essai empirique sur les déterminants de l’entrepreneuriat des femmes dans le secteur informel à Dakar (Sénégal)." Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN0500.
Full textThe study of female entrepreneurship in the informal sector in Dakar refers to a research on the origins of the development of informal enterprises in Senegal through its social, political and economic history. The women, majority in the country, more touched by the crisis and evolving in a patriarchal traditional cultural context, knew how to develop particular strategies to empower, to emancipate and to depart from the dependence of the men by integrating the informal sector. Our research is within the framework of the theories on entrepreneurial advent adapted to senegalese informal context and attempts to highlight the factors which puch women on entrepreneurship. The inexistence of individual data on female entrepreneurs in Dakar led to the realization of a field survey and collected data were the object of an econometric treatment. Our results show that the Senegalese female entrepreneurship in the informal sector is mainly determined by the personal characteristics of the woman, sociocultural and geographical environment in which she operates. The entrepreneurial activity of the woman, beyond the economics motivations, is initially an answer to the desire to contribute to the wellness of its family and her community. It is also an answer to a need for autonomy and personal achievement
Valentin, Hervé. "Économie populaire urbaine et environnement : le cas du Sénégal (Dakar, Thiès, Rufisque)." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010040.
Full textGreslan, Thierry de. "Un an de sida à l'hôpital principal de Dakar (Sénégal)." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR2M095.
Full textDiagne, Papa Mamadou. "Des systèmes de prise en charge à l'errance des malades mentaux dans l'agglomération dakaroise : socio-anthropologie de la santé au Sénégal." Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUEL005.
Full textThis dissertation endeavors to shed more light on the issue of mental health in Senegal. It analyses the Senegalese society from both sociological and anthropological perspectives/angles. Different actions carried out to tackle the burning issue of mental health have led us to consider its functioning, organization logical and current representational patterns. From a diachronic approach of the topic, we try to understand the positioning of every single system of care along with their different legitimate pillars. From a different angle, the issue of homelessness implies taking mental health policies, as well as urban dynamic and family sphere into account. Such an approach tends to favour rational explanations of family disruption, which results in street vagrancy. From this perspective, lunatics who are at the core of our study are placed in the midst of various actors including psychiatrists, healers, marabouts, city life and mental health associations. Different approaches about mental illness have gone through an evolving framework which leads us to the questioning of the whole Senegalese society, from inception to the different forms it has gone through its evolution. Thence musing over mental illness means to take social, cultural and political realities into account, as comparable entities are not to be separated from mental illness' inception and evolution
Billaud, Anthony. ""Le pouvoir fonctionne" : les experts profanes face au VIH/SIDA à Dakar (Sénégal)." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0037.
Full textOwe to a long term investigation in France (Paris) and in Sénégal (Dakar), from 2005 to 2009, we propose to analyze NGOs responses against HIV/AIDS in Sénégal. M. Foucault' researches or médical power are used in our effort to understand how the so-called «lay experts» manage to deal with the HIV épidémie. The study combines health sociology and social anthropology of development approaches. Tree mains questions sum up the central points of the thesis. First, why are there so many NGOs engaged in the fight against AIDS in Sénégal (more than 300) whereas the sero prevalence is one of the lowest in Africa (1% in 2008, i. E. A non-generalized épidémie)? The second question focuses on inter associative relations. Despite of a common fight against AIDS, NGOs actors are constantly critieizing the other actors. The construction of the legitimacy of this new category of lay expert and the negotiations processes between ail the actors (publics and privâtes) are two explanations of thèse conflicts. The last question is directly connected to lay expert théories: how thèse actors, out from médical expertise, manage to gain médical knowledge and how they contribute to spread a new knowledge, based on their own
Dramé, Fatou Maria. "Une géographie de la santé de la reproduction : de l'offre de soins aux pratiques spatiales des femmes à Dakar (Sénégal)." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100028.
Full textReproductive health, since its definition by world community in 1994, states that access to health services is a reproductive right. Physical accessibility of services is usually analysed in geography. Studying health policy in Senegal, allows us to place the specificity of reproductive health program and of the region of Dakar. The diversity of services' supply, the taboo aspects of certain subjects on the one hand, the extent of maternal and child mortalities as well as the situation of the capital between an important supply of services and nevertheless shortage areas, on the other hand, show how original the survey is. Reproductive health services' accessibility is analysed by a geography of localization and a geography of catchments areas. They underline localizations factors such as markets, bus stations, as well as integration in social services. The catchments areas are analysed in accordance with the differences between theoretical catchments areas and effective ones, showed in accordance with the type of service and the season. The characteristics of women who consult the investigated reproductive health services, underline the importance of social context and the distribution of women with obstetrical risk. Accessibility and utilization of services, finally, allows us to make an intra-regional typology and improve the analysis of needs regarding reproductive health
Sané, Youssouph. "Les processus actuels de l'urbanisation dakaroise : Entre expansion et complexité de gestion, enjeux de la périphérie est." Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30022.
Full textDakar is developped to a fast process, winning progressively the whole region. It’s in the analysis of the urban constitution of Senegal that we arrive to understand How and Why Dakar play his today role. Colonial effects have favoured the littoral cities and the consecration of Dakar as national metropolis confirmed the destiny of the biggest senegalese city. However, to the regional level, problems do not lack. Difficulties for finding a habitation of quality remain one of the main preoccupations of populations. Authorities try to find solutions, but available finances don’t permit to lead in best conditions ambitious programmes in a context marked by a structural crisis and a lack of clarity of the land-tax. The East part (Malika, Keur Massar, Mbao) is therefore interesting in the way it permit to understand the actual effects and challenges of urbanization in Dakar, focusing potentialities and problems
Thiam, Ousmane. "L'axe Dakar-Touba (Sénégal) : analyse spatiale d'un corridor urbain émergent." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00289074.
Full textAu Sénégal, les schémas de la production urbaine ont, à l'instar de ce qui se passe dans la plupart des pays de l'Afrique côtière, constamment évolué ces deux dernières décennies. S'inscrivant de plus en plus dans une logique de développement axial, la dynamique urbaine s'apprécie désormais à l'échelle locale à deux niveaux : le niveau urbain et le niveau périurbain. La dynamique de ce dernier est mécaniquement liée à celle du premier. Cependant, la situation est spatialement très différenciée. C'est surtout dans la partie ouest-centrale du pays et dans l'axe Dakar-Touba plus particulièrement que l'on observe les nouvelles dynamiques urbaines les plus importantes. Les évolutions observées autour des agglomérations de cet axe posent beaucoup de questions. L'une d'elles concerne la capacité des évolutions en cours à influer durablement sur la dynamique du système urbain sénégalais. L'objectif principal de ce travail est d'identifier les dynamiques nouvelles qui marquent une rupture dans la configuration et le fonctionnement du système urbain traditionnel particulièrement influencé par la macrocéphalie dakaroise. Si elle se confirme, cette nouvelle configuration constituera une alternative à la suprématie urbaine de Dakar et de son agglomération.
Fall, Papa Demba. "Du village à la banlieue : l'évolution des villages Lebou du rivage méridional de Dakar." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100058.
Full textThe Lebou form an original community living in an urban environment. Although those who live in the villages along the southern coast belong to the great historic authority rulers of the Cap vert peninsula, they have a smaller political influence. Actually, the word lebou, a colonial formulation, does not designate a group but a social entity based on an assumed consanguinity. So we can refer to the Lebou as a tribe whose members have several features in common, and among them we shall retain pride and hostility towards outsiders. Besides creating a hybrid space, the periphery growth of Dakar generates urbanization at two levels two categories of suburb dwellers can be distinguished: on one hand, the autochthons that refuse any straight progress, on the other hand, the "neo-city dwellers" who try by all means to live a successful city experience. This explains in part why so many opportunities have been missed by the Lebou. These paradoxical and enigmatical facts can be appraised through three examples: - the decline on traditional activities mainly due to a refusal" to invest while urban growth creates a potential market, - the bad use of capitals drawn from land selling, - the small representation of the Lebou in new activities likes industry. We therefore wonder why the Lebou keep enjoying a relative local influence in spite of their small economic power. They owe it mainly to their relatives living at Dakar. But we notice here and there the questioning of the old hegemony particular through the superposition of state political power on traditional political power. An anthropology of everyday life and city experience help to discover all the africanity of the city. This africanity is expressed through the multifarious ways in which people respond to under-integration and or suburban poverty: "d system", micro- geo-strategies". . . Land management, which has as an objective to adjust the city to society and not the contrary, therefore appears as a common undertaking to which must take part populations who have a singular perception of their space
Ndiaye, Abdourahmane. "Essai de quantification et d'identification des déterminants de la pauvreté à Dakar : des concepts aux réalités." Paris 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA020065.
Full textFassin, Didier. "Thérapeutes et malades dans la ville africaine : rapports sociaux, urbanisation et santé à Pikine, banlieue de Dakar." Paris, EHESS, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988EHES0015.
Full textThe means that society implements to interpret, combat and prevent disease involve social representations and practises beyond biologic disorders of the body. For this reason, the study of the social relationships structuring the therapeutic relation and of the social actors involved, in the suburbs of dakar, enables to more generally understand the urban phenomenon in africa. From a sociological analysis (on a theme and field usually studied by medical anthropologists and urban anthropologists), the purpose is to shift the objects of the research from disease to health and from city to urbanization, i. E. , on the one hand, to look for the social and political stakes in the different fields where health is concerned and, on the other hand, to change the urban problematic form a spatial frame - the city - to a social context - the social relations which make urbanization. In order to demonstrate the complexity and hete- rogeneity of the urban society, the methodological approach has been varied, combining quantitative and qualitative studies, dealing with urban quarters and social networks, going back to the village, ending to an intentionnally fragmented description of the city. At the conclusion of this work, a new phenome- non appears through which african social realities are better understood : health appears as a market (in the weberian meaning), i. E. A socialized space where goods and services are exchanged between agents who belong to different fields (political, religious and of course medical) with distinct logics (which explains the constant readjustments which has health as a stake). This health market characterized by struggles for power and unequalities in front of disease has been studied in order to better analyze this process of social change which we called urbanization and in which the city is only the dominant focus
Sall, Abdoul. "L’Eau au Sénégal : les enjeux actuels de la privatisation, Dakar et Kaolack : essai de géographie sociale." Caen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CAEN1415.
Full textSow, Mamadou. "L'agglomération dakaroise au tournant du siècle : vers une réinvention de la ville africaine ?" Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100101/document.
Full textThe Senegalese metropolis changed face: it sprawls while "verticalizing". This double geometrical movement which comes along with a phenomenon of densification of the housing environment took place in a very short time. The horizontal city henceforth gave up the place to the vertical city. Actually, the society is transformed and the metropolis reinvents: a " city transition " came true at the level of the heads of household and gives all its vigour to a process of individualization which the domestic space, through the distribution and the architectural forms, allows to emphasize, at the same time the international migrants become major actors of the urban factory; the change in power, in 2000, in favour of the liberals marks the advent of a State investor, who, by projects of large-scale infrastructures financed thanks to the model of the public-private partnership, is redeploying the metropolis in a new spatial envelope; a decade earlier, the complete decentralization and the application of the market prices lauded by the institutions of Bretton Woods redefined on one hand the architecture of the urban management and the stakes bound to the local power, and on the other hand advocate less state intervention on the land and real estate markets and push to a new way of city making. All this makes that this reinvention takes the features of a “refondation”. But the challenges are there: the rents as the prices of land and real estate are constantly in sharp increase in a more and more discriminating market, the power cuts weigh on the economy and the households, and local management is disputed. In brief, the Senegalese capital, more than fifth of the national population and about 60 % of the GDP, concentrates as well hopes as risks. Implicitly, through the example of Dakar, it is the contemporary urbanization of Africa in the era of the globalization that is questioned
Timera, Aly Sada. "Les politiques urbaines face à l’habitat précaire à Dakar : Géohistoire des mobilités résidentielles, normes institutionnelles et pratiques populaires de l’espace." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC157.
Full textThe configuration and functioning of Dakar area are marked by a permanent confrontation between the "institutional norms" and the popular modes of production and consumption of the urban space.The main objective of this work is to analyze the way in which the urban space of Dakar is being developed and built, and more especially the modes of production of residential spaces and how they are shaped by contradictory logics and differentiated actors strategies. The geo-history of urban construction in Dakar, which has served us as a framework, shows that the construction of the Senegalese capital is part of a constant struggle between actors for the appropriation of spatio-territorial resources. These latter are marked by the rejection and the progressive exclusion of social groups that have economically been fragile and whose residential ascendancies, which have often been violently liberated, have been reallocated to social actors with higher incomes.In front of this segregationist policy, a rigorous resistance of the popular social groups is developed and has finally imposed its forms and modalities of spatial consumption becoming dominant so as to produce an urbanity characteristic of a city-specific physiognomic identity.The state has developed, a politico - administrative recovery strategy has been expressed on political plan through the deepening of decentralization with the creation of borough communes covering the era of irregular zones, institutionalized in full - Act III of decentralization.The redeployment of the State is also reflected in the dynamics of making new-territories that it generates with the operations of Restructuring and land Regularization in particular. It is a technical-urbanistic control company which aims a physical and socio-economic integration of the irregular districts to the "legal city".Indeed, the imperative of politico-administrative control (decentralization / devolution) and the technical-urbanist harmonization (land restructuring / regularization) of the city are part of a wider field which aims at expanding the market and consolidating it.It thus appears that by claiming to fight against the territorial exclusions and inequalities, the RRF projects reproduce them in a renewed form, as a field of preparation for the expansion of the market in the informality territories
Auvray, Marie-Pierre. "Projets de quartier et gestion urbaine dans la périphérie dakaroise : les interventions de l'A.F.V.P. dans les quartiers Wakhinane, Gueule Tapée II et Médina Fass Mbao (Sénégal)." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100095.
Full textBéguy, Donatien. "Emploi féminin et fécondité en milieu urbain en Afrique : Dakar (Sénégal) et Lomé (Togo)." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100025.
Full textOur aim in this work is to investigate the complex relationships between professional and reproductive life of women in two African capital cities with different cultural contexts: Dakar and Lome. We used data from two retrospective surveys carried out in Lome (2000) and Dakar (2001). The two surveys collected the retrospective biographies of three generations of individuals, aged 25-59 on their residential, professional and family (union, child) trajectories. Findings show that it’s only in Lome that employment has a significant effect on fertility. But both in Dakar and Lome, a longer work experience has a negative impact on fertility. Moreover, whereas fertility has a significant effect on paid employment in Dakar, in Lome, self-employment is affected by fertility. Finally, it appears from these results that the relationships between professional and reproductive life depends on the specific characteristics of each society, such as gender relationship and men’s and women’s roles
Gomis, Souleymane. "Logiques familiales et logiques scolaires : le travail scolaire des enfants à Dakar au Sénégal." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR20047.
Full textThe aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between school and family in a developing country such as Senegal. Does it follow a pattern of social reproduction or are there other patterns at work. We have explored three avenues. In the first place we have looked into the way parents perceive the school system today. How has school developed and to what extent can it contribute towards bringing students up into the mainstream ? Then we have examined the relationship between parents and teachers, with emphasis both on the parents and the teachers views. The part of the study also considers the actual practices and the nature of the relationships (collaboration, conflicts, indifference,. . . ) between the two sides. Thir dly, we describe the attention parents pay to their children's homework and we assess the impact of school on the house hold rhythm of life. .
Perthuis, de Laillevault François-Xavier de. "La perception de la pauvreté à Dakar (Sénégal) : entre approches théoriques et réalité observée." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0044.
Full textThis thesis deals with the perception of poverty in Dakar (Senegal) through the development of adaptation strategies implemented in poverty context in the Senegalese capital. Considering the study of poverty in Senegal, researches are at the crossroads of economics, sociology and anthropology. To capture the economic and social manifestations of poverty, researches consider a multidisciplinary approach, combining economic and sociological approach, focusing on the analysis of poverty from the experiences of poor populations. The first part focuses on the dominant theoretical approaches in the analysis of poverty and their respective evolution from the 1950s to nowadays. Despite fundamental evolution of theoretical approaches, this part of the thesis demonstrates their limitations in the empirical understanding of poverty when the researcher chooses to analyze poverty from experiences of poor people. In a second part, research threat on the analysis of the evolution of empirical comprehension of poverty through successive development policies implemented in Senegal from the 1980s until 2012. This section describes the evolution of the main causes of poverty in neighborhoods that are subject of research. In a third part, based on experiences of poverty, analysis develops the main manifestations of poverty and strategies used by populations. Research underlines the evolution of strategies in poverty context through transformations of social net, diversification of resources and the evolution of the quality of social relationship. It appears that lack of capacity to elaborate adaptation strategies in poverty context is directly determinate by the quality of social relationship
Ndiaye, Ibrahima. "Planification urbaine, localisation résidentielle et comportements de mobilité à Dakar, Sénégal." Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST1181.
Full textThe study of mobility behavior has not been well investigated in Sub-Saharan cities. These cities are characterized by rapid urban growth resulting in sprawl space, very high population densities and a crisis in transport sector which is dominated by craft operators. These dynamics, which are at the origin of spatial imbalances mean that access to urban amenities becomes very difficult for the poorest categories of the population. In Dakar, segregationist territorial management options taken in the past by colonial authorities, the ineffectiveness of traditional instruments of urban planning as well as disregulation of land market and real estate, have created a dynamic socio-spatial differentiation. This research project, by using multivariate analysis methods (Principal Component Analysis and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis) is based on original household travel surveys. Our objective is to analyze the dynamics of socio-spatial segregation in Dakar and illuminate the links between residential location and household mobility behavior in a changeable urban context
Faye, Cheikh Faty. "La vie quotidienne a dakar de 1945 a 1960, approche d'une opinion publique." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070001.
Full textDakar, small village founded by the lebou at the 18 th cantury is occupied since 1857 by the french. Its sedden rapid developpment in the military, demographic, economical plans etc. . . Shows that this town had beneficied earlyn because of common status of plein exercise since 1857 and created the kapital of colonial group of a. O. F. (western french africa) installed in the 20 th century. In the period bethween 1945-1960, europians like africans gave instituted in groups of stress more or less structured, on often racialist criteria ones and others utilizing, different levers, trying aither preserving or critisizing the system of domination. The daily life is essentially characterized by difficulties which appear in the housing, food, the healthy, the school, transporting the equity, the taxation etc. . . And which largely clarify the marginalization of autochtons. The political reforms started since 1956 validate a colonial continuity furm, in this context of balkanization
Guéyé, Amy. "Précarité et services d'eau potable et d'assainissement : les quartiers pauvres de Dakar (Sénégal) à l'épreuve des projets communautaires." Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NANT3038.
Full textDiakhate, Assane. "Dispositifs pédagogiques adaptés aux grands groupes : cas de l'école primaire élémentaire unité 26 des Parcelles Assainies de Dakar au Sénégal." Paris 8, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA083191.
Full textWe initially made a return on the concept of great group. The term was defined using existing work in particular those of associations of French teachers to international as in Africa. What enabled us to reconsider the various problems involved in the great groups to locate our problems of research. This work on the great groups was supplemented by the state of research on this question. We could excavate basic in roof the essence of the work made on the question of the sizes while returning about various studies: those of Angers of the United States of America, Andre OF PERETTI, PIKETTY, the reports Of MEURET etc, on the lesson, and the various solutions suggested or implemented on the great groups. We could give off our theoretical framework by locating the device in the theories of training expensive socioconstructivists at VYGOTSKY, by meaning how it falls under pedagogy social. A return on the concept of device was made. The participating observation thus allowed us to do our work of experimentation by collecting data like member except for whole of the community constituting our ground of research. We thus could reach the school unit 26, an establishment where we had to teach and keep professional and relational bonds with our former colleagues. Their co-operation and their solidarity made it possible to set up the device of pedagogy of project. We thus established our methodology and naps arrived, as a group and with the pupils, to initiate a certain number of projects which had a real impact on their medium of study. Indeed, it is the afforestation, the fight against paludism, the cleansing of the school, the visits of the Presidential palace, the Island of Gorée, the installation of a library, a newspaper, of assistance to the children of the street, sensitizing on the advantages and disadvantages of the Internet
Gning, Sadio Ba. "Fiscalités, confréries et syndicats de commerçants dans le "secteur informel" à Dakar : réseaux et ambivalences." Amiens, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AMIE0004.
Full textDiallo, Mamadou Aguibou. "La protection sociale au Sénégal : l'exemple des ouvriers du bâtiment à Dakar." Thesis, Brest, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BRES0002/document.
Full textThis thesis examines the social security system for construction industry workers in Senegal with a focus on health risks and benefits in Dakar. It attempts answer questions concerning the risk of accidents at the workplace, health insurance needs and strategies deployed by workers and their families to obtain health care. Based on the qualitative and quantitative analyses of 540 interviews of workers and of 10 providers of social and health services, this study reveals that health coverage is very poor (about 5%) and often limited to elementary care and that coverage by other actors such as the Social Security System, Preventive Health Institutions and mutual insurance plans are neither effective nor efficient. This study shows that Senegalese construction workers have no real social security; they use public institutions when they are victims of accidents or are sick. However, they are aware of the risks associated with their jobs and seek protection when it is available. Finally, workers are the main health providers for their families. Yet, because of very modest income and exorbitant health costs, they are virtually incapable to take out insurance and opt to pay for services in public institutions which are less expensive
Ponsot, Roger. "Contribution à l'étude du comportement hygrothermique des matériaux locaux de construction en région dakaroise." Paris 12, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA120041.
Full textN'Diaye, Mansor. "L'espace social de la pauvreté : l'exemple des comportements alimentaires dans la zone du Grand Dakar." Paris 8, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA083728.
Full textWhat is poverty? The first answer should be "the lack". This is true but insufficient to illustrate it. One should think that poverty means negativity, such as the lack of wealth, joy and therefore happiness. But what do we really know about the poor? Just a little, otherwise what experts, politicians and academics have told us. Many researchers cannot take off from the traditional ideas used to describe poverty. Those researchers are before all social people inspired by cultural ideas from their predecessors. The point is not the social well-being of the poor but is the social condition they are associated with, i. E. The atmosphere where the poor strive to survive, and without which they are like "a fish outside the water". As Ndiaye Makhtar would say, we are more interested in the source of income than the income itself. Over a simple look on the living condition of the poor this job requires an illumination on the social space. The lattest determines the state of existance of households and renew the structure of society. Using the vision of food, we will try to demonstrate how increasing social inegalities keeps on dividing society into two different classes (the poor and the non-poor class). The word "class" therefore shows a driving direction, a way of viewing reality that gives us the ups and downs associated with the living conditions of the poor. In a social imagination veritably influenced by the economic hierarchy, the poor class wants to keep a certain Senegalese trait meaning some traditional reflexes. This poor class is facing the values of local traditional society. This allows revitalising the negative aspect of poverty