Relevant bibliographies by topics / Proteas

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Academic literature on the topic 'Proteas'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Proteas"

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Mazinter, Luisa, Michael M. Goldman, and Jennifer Lindsey-Renton. "Cricket South Africa’s Protea Fire brand." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 7, no. 1 (April 18, 2017): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-05-2016-0081.

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Subject area Marketing, Sports marketing and Social media marketing. Study level/applicability Graduate level. Case overview This case, based on field research and multiple secondary sources, documents the 12-month period since early 2014 during which Cricket South Africa (CSA) developed the Protea Fire brand for their national men’s cricket team, known as the Proteas. In mid-2014, Marc Jury, the Commercial and Marketing manager of CSA set up a project team to take the previously in-house Protea Fire brand public. With the 2015 Cricket World Cup in Australia and New Zealand less than a year away, Jury worked with a diverse project team of Proteas players, cricket brand managers and external consultants to build a public brand identity for the national team, to nurture greater fan affinity and to mobilize South Africans behind their team for the World Cup. The project team developed a range of Protea Fire multimedia content as the core of the campaign. These included video diaries, scripts which were written by the Proteas players themselves, player profile videos, motivational team-talk videos and good luck video messages featuring ordinary and famous South Africans. Having invested in creating this content, the project team faced the difficult task of allocating a limited media budget to broadcast and amplify the content. Another significant challenge was to ensure that the Proteas team values were authentically communicated across all content, including via the social media strategy using Twitter, Instagram and YouTube. As the World Cup tournament kicked off on February 14th 2015, South Africa was well placed to overcome their previous inability to reach a final, although Jury wondered whether another exit in the knockout round would weaken the strong and positive emotions the Protea Fire campaign had ignited. With the last two balls remaining in South Africa’s semi-final game against New Zealand on March 24th 2015, and the home team requiring just five runs to win, Jury joined 60 million South Africans hoping that Protea Fire was strong enough. The case concludes with South Africa losing the semi-final game and Jury turning his attention to how the #ProteaFire campaign should respond. Expected learning outcomes This study aimed to analyse the development of a sport team brand and a megaevent campaign; to assess the efficiency and effectiveness of a marketing campaign; and to consider appropriate brand responses to the team’s failure to deliver on expectations. Subject code CSS 8: Marketing.
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COETZEE, J. H., D. J. RUST, and L. M. LATSKY. "MITES (ACARI) ON PROTEAS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 185 (June 1986): 247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1986.185.27.

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Parvin, P. E., R. A. Criley, and J. H. Coetzee. "PROTEAS - A DYNAMIC INDUSTRY." Acta Horticulturae, no. 602 (March 2003): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2003.602.17.

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Reid, M. S., W. Doorn, and Julie P. Newman. "LEAF BLACKENING IN PROTEAS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 261 (December 1989): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1989.261.9.

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Ben-Jaacov, J. "FLORICULTURE AND PROTEAS IN ISRAEL." Acta Horticulturae, no. 316 (December 1992): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1992.316.1.

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Edwards, Kate, J. S. Beard, and Lura Ripley. "The Proteas of Tropical Africa." Kew Bulletin 49, no. 4 (1994): 829. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4118080.

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Beard, J. S. "THE PROTEAS OF TROPICAL AFRICA." Acta Horticulturae, no. 387 (June 1995): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1995.387.2.

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Stephens, Iain A., Celeste Meyer, Deirdre M. Holcroft, and Gerard Jacobs. "Carbohydrates and Postharvest Leaf Blackening of Proteas." HortScience 40, no. 1 (February 2005): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.1.181.

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Glucose, fructose, sucrose, and starch concentrations were determined in leaves and inflorescences of protea cutflower cultivars soon after harvest and at the onset of leaf blackening while standing in water. At the onset of leaf blackening sugars and starch were lower in both inflorescences and leaves. Proportionately, sugars and starch decreased more in leaves than in inflorescences. Flower-bearing shoots of `Sylvia' were pulsed individually with 5% glucose solution until each shoot had taken up 10 mL solution. Water served for control treatment. Flowers were then stored for 21 days at 1 °C. After pulsing and after cold storage groups of flowering shoots were separated into inflorescence, leaf and stem components and glucose and starch content determined. Glucose content, determined upon completion of pulsing treatments, was significantly greater in all shoot components of shoots pulsed glucose compared with nonpulsed control shoots. Glucose content of leaves was significantly greater after storage for shoots pulsed than control shoots. Starch content of leaves determined upon completion of pulsing treatments was significantly greater in shoots pulsed with glucose than that of controls. There was a significant decrease in starch content for all tissue types during 21 days of storage. Pulsing flower stems of seven protea cultivars before 3 weeks cold storage significantly reduced the incidence of leaf blackening when assessed both on day 1, and again on day 7 after 3 weeks of cold storage. Supplementing holding solutions with 1% or 2% glucose reduced leaf blackening of proteas pulsed with glucose and cold stored for 3 weeks.
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Lamont, Byron B. "THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PROTEOID ROOTS IN PROTEAS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 185 (June 1986): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1986.185.17.

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Claassens, A. S. "SOME ASPECTS OF THE NUTRITION OF PROTEAS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 185 (June 1986): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1986.185.18.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Proteas"

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Stephens, Iain Andrew. "Leaf blackening of proteas." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49768.

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Dissertation (PhD (Agric))--University of Stellenbosch, 2003.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Leaf blackening is a particular problem limiting vase life and marketability of Protea cut flowers. This research investigated suppression of Protea leaf blackening with a specific focus on Protea cv. Sylvia (P. eximia x P. susannae) cut flowers. Leaf blackening decreased significantly with decreasing storage temperatures m 'Sylvia' proteas and this was attributed to lower respiration rate and conservation of carbohydrate. Low storage temperatures were beneficial in short term handling procedures encountered during airfreight. However, use of low temperatures alone during the longer sea freight period was unsatisfactory in either maintaining or extending 'Sylvia' protea vase life. Cooling of 'Sylvia' proteas under vacuum significantly suppressed leaf blackening and was of greater benefit than forced air cooling. Although removal of the uppermost leaves delayed leaf blackening in short term storage no significant benefit was found for longer storage periods. Girdling directly beneath the 'Sylvia' protea flowerhead significantly reduced leaf blackening and in combination with low storage temperatures (O°C) enabled a significant extension in both storage and vase life of 'Sylvia' proteas. 'Sylvia' proteas did not exhibit a climacteric respiration peak during 96 h storage at O°C. Exposure to ethylene did not increase Protea leaf blackening or have a detrimental effect on vase life of either proteas or pincushions evaluated. No beneficial response to sucrose supplementation was found in 'Sylvia' proteas. Analysis of the sugar content of both flowerhead and leaves indicated that glucose supplementation might be of benefit and was investigated. Holding solutions of 2.5 % glucose significantly extended vase life due to a significant reduction in leaf blackening. Vase life was terminated due to flowerhead collapse instead of leaf blackening for the first time in 'Sylvia' protea cut flowers. Vase life was significantly extended by 2:3% glucose pulse solutions and leaf blackening significantly suppressed with increasing glucose pulse concentration. Solution uptake was facilitated by use of high intensity PAR lights in the early morning and was attributed to increased stomata opening and a consequent increase in both transpiration and glucose solution uptake. The faster uptake of glucose solutions in shoots harvested in the afternoon was attributed to higher shoot temperatures and consequent transpiration rate to those harvested in the morning. There was a significant reduction in uptake time with increasing pulse temperature, which enabled vacuum cooling to be performed earlier further benefiting storage and vase life extension. Enclosure of 'Sylvia' proteas in polyethylene (PE) lined cartons did suppress leaf blackening in non-pulsed shoots. However, this had no practical significance on useful vase life, which was terminated at this point due to excessive leaf blackening. Water loss appears to have a minimal influence on 'Sylvia' protea leaf blackening. Shading at four and three weeks prior to harvest coincided with a period of significant flowerhead dry mass increase. It is thought that shading at this point, concurrent with an increased carbohydrate demand by the developing flower head resulted in a temporary limitation in carbohydrate supply resulting in the appearance of preharvest leaf blackening. It would appear that proteas do not store large quantities of carbohydrate. Although accentuating winter light conditions by shading did result in a decrease in carbohydrate content the fact that carbohydrate content was already low precluded shading from having a significant impact on postharvest leaf blackening. The finding that glucose was beneficial in extension of both storage and vase life of 'Sylvia' proteas directed research into its use for other Protea and Leucospermum cut flowers. Significant differences in the response to glucose supplementation were found in both Protea and Leucospermum (pincushions). The significant difference in sensitivity to glucose concentration in 'Pink Ice' proteas (phytotoxic at 2:4%) and 'Susara' proteas (no apparent toxicity), in conjunction with a lack of response in 'Cardinal' proteas, a hybrid from the same parents as 'Sylvia' indicates the need to direct future research to individual cultivars. Glucose supplementation had no beneficial effect on vase life of 'Scarlet Ribbon' and 'Tango' pincushions, whilst significantly extending vase life of 'Cordi', 'Gold Dust', 'High Gold' and 'Succession' pincushions.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Blaarverswarting is 'n spesifieke probleem wat die vaasleeftyd en die bemarkbaarheid van Protea snyblomme beperk. In hierdie navorsing is ondersoek ingestel na die onderdrukking van Protea blaarverswarting met spesifieke fokus op die snyblomme van die kv. Sylvia (P. eximia x P. susannae). Die voorkoms van blaarverswarting by 'Sylvia' het merkbaar afgeneem tydens die verlaging van bergingstemperature. Hierdie afname is toegeskryf aan 'n laer respirasietempo en die behoud van koolhidrate. Lae bergingstemperature in die korttermyn hantering van die produk tydens lugvrag was voordelig. Die gebruik van lae temperature, slegs tydens die langer verskeepingsperiode, was egter onbevredigend vir vaasleeftyd verlenging en onderhoud van 'Sylvia' protea. Die afkoeling van 'Sylvia' proteas onder vakuum het blaarverswarting in 'n groot mate onderdruk en het beter resultate gelewer as geforseerde lugverkoeling. Alhoewel die verwydering van die heel boonste blare blaarverswarting by korttermynopberging vertraag het, het dit geen merkbare voordele vir langer bergingsperiodes ingehou nie. Ringelering direk onder die blomkop van die 'Sylvia' protea het blaarverswarting aansienlik verminder, en saam met lae bergingstemperature (O°C) het dit 'n merkbare verlenging in beide die bergingstyd en die vaasleeftyd van 'Sylvia' proteas teweeggebring. 'Sylvia' proteas het geen klimakteriese respirasiekruin tydens 'n bergingsperiode van 96 uur teen O°C getoon nie. Blootstelling aan etileen het nie die Protea blaarverswarting laat toeneem of 'n nadelige effek op die vaasleeftyd van die proteas of speldekussings wat geevalueer is, gehad nie. Geen voordelige reaksie op sukrose-byvoeging is in 'Sylvia' proteas gevind nie. 'n Analise van die suikerinhoud van beide die blomkoppe en die blare het aangetoon dat 'n glukose-byvoeging moontlik voordelig kon wees, en hierdie aspek is ondersoek. Met stooroplossings van 2,5 % glukose is die vaasleeftyd aansienlik verleng omdat daar 'n merkbare afname in blaarverswarting was. Vir die eerste keer in die geval van die 'Sylvia' protea, het die vaasleeftyd van die snyblomrne tot 'n einde gekom omdat die blornkoppe uitmekaar gebreek het en nie omdat blaarverswarting ingetree het nie. Die vaasleeftyd is aansienlik verleng met ~ 3% glukose-pulsoplossings, en blaarverswarting is merkbaar onderdruk met die verhoging van hierdie oplossings se glukosekonsentrasie. Die opname van die oplossings is gefasiliteer deur hoe intensiteit PAR (fotosinteties-aktiewe radiasie) ligte vroeg in die oggend, en is toegeskryf daaraan dat meer huidmondjies oopgegaan het. Dit het gelei tot 'n toename in transpirasie en 'n toename in die opname van die glukose-oplossing. Die feit dat glukose-oplossings vinniger opgeneem is deur lote wat in die middag geoes is, is toegeskryf daaraan dat loottemperature dan hoer is as soggens en gevolglik lei tot 'n vinniger transpirasietempo. Daar was 'n merkbare afname in die opnametyd wanneer die temperatuur van die pulsoplossings verhoog is. Vakuumafkoeling kon dus vroeer toegepas word, wat 'n verlenging in bergingstyd en vaasleeftyd tot gevolg gehad het. Verpakking van 'Sylvia' proteas in kartonne wat met poli-etileen uitgevoer is, het blaarverswarting van lote wat nie aan pulsering onderwerp is nie, onderdruk. Hierdie maatreel het egter geen praktiese waarde met betrekking tot vaasleeftyd nie; die vaasleeftyd het tot 'n einde gekom as gevolg van omvangryke blaarverswarting. Dit lyk asof waterverlies weinig invloed het op die blaarverswarting van' Sylvia' proteas. Die vermoede bestaan dat lae koolhidraatvlakke proteas ontvanklik maak vir blaarverswarting. Alhoewel die beklemtoning van winterligtoestande deur beskaduwing gelei het tot 'n afname in koolhidraatinhoud, was hierdie inhoud reeds laag en blaarverswarting na die oes is nie beinvloed nie. Beskaduwing tydens die vier en drie weke voor oestyd het saamgeval met 'n tydperk van aansienlike toename in die droe massa van die blomkop. Die vermoede bestaan dat beskaduwing tydens hierdie fase, saam met die toename in die ontwikkelende blomkop se behoefte aan koolhidrate, aanleiding gegee het tot 'n tydelike beperking in koolhidraatvoorraad wat die voorkoms van blaarverswarting voor die oes tot gevolg gehad het. Die bevinding dat glukose voordelig is vir die verlenging van beide die bergingstyd en die vaasleeftyd van 'Sylvia' proteas het die navorsing gerig om ook ondersoek in te stel na die gebruik daarvan vir ander Protea en Leucospermum snyblomme. Merkbare veranderinge is gevind in die reaksie op glukosebyvoegings in beide Protea en Leucospermum (speldekussings). Die opmerklike verskil in sensitiwiteit vir glukosekonsentrasie in 'Pink Ice' proteas (fitotoksies by ~ 4%) en 'Susara' proteas (geen klaarblyklike toksisiteit), saam met 'n gebrek aan reaksie by 'Cardinal' proteas, 'n hibried van dieselfde ouers as 'Sylvia', dui aan dat verdere navorsing op individuele kultivars toegespits sal rnoet word. Glukosebyvoegings het geen voordelige uitwerking op die vaasleeftyd van 'Scarlet Ribbon' en 'Tango' speldekussings gehad nie, terwyl dit die vaasleeftyd van 'Cordi', 'Gold Dust', 'High Gold' en 'Succession' speldekussingkultivars merkbaar verIeng het.
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Ferreira, Anton. "Further studies on leaf blackening of proteas." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2879.

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Thesis (MscAgric (Horticulture))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.
The occurrence of both pre- and postharvest leaf blackening in certain Protea species and cultivars is a problem that severely limits their marketability, vase life and transport options. This research focuses on : (I) The distribution of carbohydrates in inflorescence bearing stems of certain Protea cultivars from harvest, following pulsing with a 10 g.L-1 glucose solution until four weeks postharvest. Stems were held under a variety of postharvest conditions, and (II) The suppression of Protea postharvest leaf blackening with specific focus on the cultivar ‘Sylvia’ (P. eximia x P. susannae).
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Kuhn, Nicola. "Community ecology of small-mammal pollinated proteas." Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14252.

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The floral characteristics of small-mammal pollinated (SMP) Protea species have been assessed in a number of previous studies. This study aimed to determine whether the inflorescences of Protea canaliculata, Protea sulphurea and Protea humiflora possess these traits and are pollinated by small mammal species. An additional aim of this study was to determine whether there is a variation in pollinator efficiency of different animal species. Floral characteristics that may influence plantpollinator interactions were measured, including floral dimensions, nectar production and spectral reflectance. Live-trapping was conducted using Sherman traps and mean facial and faecal pollen load was determined for the different species caught. Furthermore pollinators were observed through footage from motion sensor cameras placed facing the inflorescences of SMP proteas. The results of this study confirmed that Protea canaliculata, Protea sulphurea and Protea humiflora are pollinated by small mammal pollinators. The evidence supporting this is that the afore-mentioned species have traits that correspond to those possessed by known small-mammal pollinated proteas including: bowlshaped inflorescences, high nectar concentrations (ranging between 24.1-42.9%), sucrose-rich nectar composition, a "yeasty" scent, floral colours that are visible to small mammals, and a winter flowering season. These proteas were found to have separated peak flowering times, providing a nectar source throughout winter for small mammals at this site. Fifty-eight small mammals of seven different species, were trapped in P. canaliculata and P. sulphurea stands over 98 hours. The average nighttrapping success was 22.7% and day-trapping success was 5.7%, indicating a relatively abundant nocturnal small-mammal population. A separation in pollinator efficiency was observed for different small mammal species, with Elephantulus edwardii identified as the most effective pollinator as it showed the greatest pollen removal (highest faecal pollen load) and spent the longest time foraging on inflorescences (±28 seconds per inflorescence). Another important pollinator was Aethomys namaquensis because it visited flowers 75% more frequently than any of the other pollinators. Camera trapping was shown to be a superior method than conventional trapping for assessing pollination by providing insight into pollinator behaviour, identifying new pollinators of 'trap-shy' species and also due to its more animal-friendly disposition.
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Newton, Rosemary. "Spatial and temporal patterns of witches' broom disease on proteas." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26008.

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Dunne, Christopher P. "Control of sudden death in cultivated proteas from the Southwest of Western Australia /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2004. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20041207.140807.

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Dunne, Christopher Philip. "Control of Sudden Death in Cultivated Proteas from the Southwest of Western Australia." Murdoch University, 2004. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20041207.140807.

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Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands is a common and devastating pathogen of cultivated proteas worldwide. Webb (1997) described a Sudden Death plant disease of proteas in Western Australia (WA) protea plantations. Proteas that suffer the syndrome display symptoms such as stunted growth, wilting, chlorosis and often death. In the current study, a number of protea plantations in the southwest of WA were visited to quantify the extent that P. cinnamomi was attributing to deaths of cultivated proteas. The survey indicated that P. cinnamomi is the major cause of Sudden Death in proteas. A range of other fungi (Fusarium, Botryosphaeria, Pestalotiopsis, Alternaria) and pests (nematodes, mealy bug, scale insects) were also identified to be contributing to protea death and decline in WA plantations. In many cases the factors contributing to protea disease appeared complex, with a range of physical factors or nutritional imbalances commonly associated with these pathogens and pests. As P. cinnamomi was the major cause of death of cultivated proteas the remainder of the experiments described in this dissertation investigated its control in horticultural plantings. Biofumigation has the potential to become an important technique in an overall integrated management approach to P. cinnamomi. In this thesis, biofumigation refers to the suppression of pathogens and pests by the incorporation of Brassica plants into the soil. Two biofumigants (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern., B. napus L.) were screened for their effect on the in vitro growth of five common Phytophthora species (P. cinnamomi, P. cactorum (Lebert & Colin) Schroeter., P. citricola Sawada, P. cryptogea Pethyb. & Laff. and P. megasperma Drechsler). Growth was determined by the measuring dry weight and radial growth of vegetative hyphae. B. juncea was found to be superior in its suppressive effect compared to B. napus. There was also significant variation in the sensitivity of the Phytophthora species to the suppressive effects of the biofumigants. P. cinnamomi was the most sensitive of the five species investigated. Where the rates of the biofumigant were sufficient to suppress growth of Phytophthora, the suppressive effect was mostly fungicidal. To determine how B. juncea and B. napus affect the infective ability and survival of P. cinnamomi, their effects on sporangia and chlamydospores production in soil was investigated in vitro. P. cinnamomi colonised Miracloth discs were added to soil amended with the two Brassica species, before being removed every two days over an eight day period for the determination of sporangia production, chlamydospore production and infective ability. Only the soils amended with B. juncea significantly reduced sporangia production in P. cinnamomi. Both Brassica species increased the percentage of aborted or immature sporangia and reduced the infective ability of the pathogen. Neither Brassica species had any effect on zoospore release or chlamydospore production in P. cinnamomi. Soil cores and soil leachate were collected from biofumigant-amended field soils to determine the inoculum potential and infective ability of the pathogen under glasshouse conditions. Amending the soil with both Brassica species had an immediate suppressive effect on the inoculum potential and infective ability of the P. cinnamomi. However, after this initial suppression there was a gradual increase in the recovery of the pathogen over the monitoring period of four weeks. To determine if the suppression would result in decreased disease incidence in a susceptible host, Lupinus angustifolius L. seeds were planted in the biofumigant amended soil. B. juncea amended soils reduced the disease incidence of P. cinnamomi by 25%. B. napus had no effect on disease incidence in L. angustifolius. Although the current study had demonstrated that biofumigants could suppress the growth, sporulation and infection of P. cinnamomi, it was unclear if this would equate to a reduction in disease incidence when applied in the field. A field trial was conducted on a protea plantation in the southwest of Western Australia that compared biofumigation with B. juncea to chemical fumigation (metham sodium) and soil solarisation. The three soil treatments were used in an integrated management approach to control P. cinnamomi that included the use of a hardwood compost, mulch and water sterilisation. All treatments were monitored during their application to ensure the treatments were conducted successfully. The three soil treatments significantly reduced the recovery of the pathogen and the infective ability of the pathogen to a soil depth of 20 cm. Metham sodium was the most suppressive soil treatment and soil solarisation was the least suppressive treatment. Only the metham sodium treatment resulted in a significant reduction in the incidence of root rot in Leucadendron salignum P.J. Bergius x laureolum (Lam.) Fourc (c.v. Safari Sunset) over the monitoring period of three years. Another field trial was conducted on the same protea plantation to compare the effectiveness of B. juncea and B. napus, without the use of other control strategies, to reduce the incidence of P. cinnamomi infection of Leucadendron Safari Sunset. The concentration of isothiocyanates was monitored for seven days after the incorporation of the biofumigants. Although both Brassica species reduced the recovery and infective ability of the pathogen, neither biofumigant reduced the incidence of root rot in Leucadendron Safari Sunset. In conclusion, P. cinnamomi is the most common and devastating pathogen in WA protea plantations. The current study demonstrated that P. cinnamomi is sensitive to the suppressive nature of biofumigants. Biofumigants can suppress the in vitro growth, sporulation, infective ability of P. cinnamomi and reduce the incidence of the disease caused by the pathogen in the glasshouse. Of the two Brassica species investigated, B. juncea was superior in its ability to control P. cinnamomi compared to B. napus. When applied in the field, biofumigation using B. juncea was found to be more suppressive that soil solarisation, but not as effective as metham sodium.
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Gibson, Myfannwyn. "The effects of cloud moisture on Restions, Ericas and Proteas in the Cape Floristic region." Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26119.

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Recent studies on the interception and utilization of occult precipitation (fog, cloud-borne mist and dew) have revealed that the direct wetting of foliage provides a water subsidy to plants of various ecosystem types. In this study, we investigate the presence of foliar uptake, and the effects of misting on the plant water potential of species representing diverse functional types, namely ericoids, proteoids and restioids in Fynbos species occurring within the Cape Fold mist belt. In this study, foliar uptake after 180-min submergence in distilled water was demonstrated by five of the seven species investigated. These species included all the restioids and ericoids investigated in this study. By contrast, the proteoids L. conocarpodendron and L. laureolum were found to show no significant amount of foliar uptake or increased leaf water content (%). There was an increase in the average, normalized leaf water content in individuals subjected to misting treatments in both proteoids, L. laureolum and L. conocarpodendron. Similarly, there was also an overall increase in plant water status, as shown by the increased water potential in individuals that were subjected to the misting treatment. It was found that control individuals showed a decrease in plant water potential (i.e. lost water) during the day, as can be expected when soil water is not replenished. All species showed significant stomatal conductance, during both night and day. Results indicate that misting events have a significant effect on the overall plant water status in all functional types and the presence of foliar uptake in both ericoids and restioids; thus indicating that cloud events may have an important effect on the vulnerability of these species to drought, under the precepts of global climate change.
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Connolly, Alexandra. "Crypsis in non-flying mammal pollinated Proteaceae: novel adaptations and evidence of nectarivorous bird avoidance." Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31394.

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A defining feature of the non-flying mammal pollinated (NMP) syndrome is inflorescence crypsis whereby flowers are close to the ground and somewhat hidden within the canopy. A number of species in the Cape Proteaceae are NMP, two of which were chosen as focal species for this study: Protea amplexicaulis and Protea humiflora. This study investigated the two previously suggested hypotheses for crypsis: hidden flowers are more difficult for nectarivorous birds to access, or hidden flowers provide greater cover for small mammal pollinators from aerial predators. Using remote triggered cameras, P. amplexicaulis and P. humiflora inflorescences were observed over the 2017 flowering period, noting visitation by birds and small mammals and assessing the legitimacy of birds as pollinators. In the literature, bird visitation to exposed inflorescences is suggested to be rare, but this study showed that it is considerable. Observations of camera footage suggest that birds are in fact illegitimate pollinators and thus nectar rob. Bird visitation to exposed inflorescences was more than tenfold that of hidden inflorescences, suggesting that crypsis is likely a strategy to avoid nectar robbing by birds. Both P. amplexicaulis and P. humiflora have been observed to retain dead leaves, which may contribute to their cryptic nature. Alternative hypotheses for dead leaf retention in Proteaceae – that it may increase flammability or result in a below canopy spike in nutrients post fire (selfish fertilization) – were assessed and rejected. Sampling of eight local Protea species showed that dead leaf retention is not a consequence of prolonged live leaf retention, with P. amplexicaulis retaining dead leaves for up to 6 years. The removal of dead leaves in 30 P. amplexicaulis individuals resulted in a significant decrease in the number of inflorescences hidden from aerial view, thus suggesting that dead leaf retention may be a strategy to enhance crypsis and thus forms part of the NMP syndrome. This research expands on the knowledge of the NMP syndrome; providing evidence in support of an anti- nectar robbing crypsis function, discovering a novel crypsis adaptation regarding dead leaf retention, and casting doubt on the Restricted Distributions hypothesis for the evolution of the syndrome.
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Kundra, Rishika. "Homeostasis of metastable proteins in Alzheimer's disease." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/268485.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, affecting almost 40 million people worldwide, and it is predicted that this number will rise to nearly 150 million by 2050. It results not only in enormous distress for affected individuals and carers but also a substantial economic burden on society. Although more than 100 years have passed since its discovery, no cure for AD exists, despite enormous efforts in basic and clinical research over the past few decades, due to limited understanding of its underlying mechanisms. Neurodegenerative disorders, of which AD is an example, are highly complex disorders characterized by extensive neuronal dysfunction associated with the misfolding and aggregation of a specific set of proteins, including amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in AD. One promising avenue for progress in the field is to improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which cellular dysfunction arises from the initial protein aggregation events. The studies described in the thesis are based on the recent finding that a large number of proteins are inherently supersaturated, being expressed at concentrations higher than their solubilities, and constituting a metastable subproteome potentially susceptible to aggregation. These studies illustrate the dependence of aggregation prone metastable proteins on the cellular degradation machineries. They also study the role of metastable proteins and their homeostasis complement in the vulnerability of various body and brain tissues to protein aggregation diseases. Using extensive sequencing data and network based systems biology approaches, they elucidate how fundamental physicochemical properties of an individual or group of proteins relate to their biological function or dysfunction.
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Söderquist, Fredrik. "Proteus : A new predictor for protean segments." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Teknisk biologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-121260.

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The discovery of intrinsically disordered proteins has led to a paradigm shift in protein science. Many disordered proteins have regions that can transform from a disordered state to an ordered. Those regions are called protean segments. Many intrinsically disordered proteins are involved in diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Down's syndrome, which makes them prime targets for medical research. As protean segments often are the functional part of the proteins, it is of great importance to identify those regions. This report presents Proteus, a new predictor for protean segments. The predictor uses Random Forest (a decision tree ensemble classifier) and is trained on features derived from amino acid sequence and conservation data. Proteus compares favourably to state of the art predictors and performs better than the competition on all four metrics: precision, recall, F1 and MCC. The report also looks at the differences between protean and non-protean regions and how they differ between the two datasets that were used to train the predictor.
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Books on the topic "Proteas"

1

Matthews, Lewis J. Proteas of the world. Auckland, New Zealand: David Bateman Ltd, 1993.

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Matthews, Lew. Proteas of the world. Auckland: Bateman, 1993.

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Matthews, Lewis J. Proteas of the world. Portland, Or: Timber Press, 1993.

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Colin, Paterson-Jones, Page Nicci, and Sasol (Firm), eds. Sasol proteas: A field guide to the proteas of southern Africa. Vlaeberg: Fernwood Press in association with the National Botanical Institute, 1995.

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Wirth, Gerhard. Der Kampfverband des Proteas: Spekulationen zu den Begleitumständen der Laufbahn Alexanders. Amsterdam: A.M. Hakkert, 1989.

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Brown, Nathaniel. Grow proteas: A guide to the propagation and cultivation of some South African proteaceae. Claremont: National Botanical Institute, South Africa, 1998.

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Cheronis, J. C., and J. E. Repine, eds. Proteases, Protease Inhibitors and Protease-Derived Peptides. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7397-0.

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L, Winnacker Ernst, and Huber R. 1937-, eds. Protein structure and protein engineering. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988.

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Robson, Barry. Introductionto proteins and protein engineering. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1988.

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Lendeckel, Uwe, and Nigel M. Hooper, eds. Viral Proteases and Antiviral Protease Inhibitor Therapy. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2348-3.

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Book chapters on the topic "Proteas"

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Powers, James C., Shinjiro Odake, Jozef Oleksyszyn, Hitoshi Hori, Toshihisa Ueda, Bogdan Boduszek, and Chih-Min Kam. "Proteases—Structures, Mechanism and Inhibitors." In Proteases, Protease Inhibitors and Protease-Derived Peptides, 3–18. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7397-0_1.

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Steffens, Gerd J., Regina Heinzel-Wieland, Derek Saunders, Bernd Wolf, Arjan Rudolphus, Jan Stolk, Johannes A. Krarnps, and Joop A. Dijkman. "Oxidation Resistant Muteins of Antileukoproteinase as Potential Therapeutic Agents." In Proteases, Protease Inhibitors and Protease-Derived Peptides, 111–21. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7397-0_10.

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Colman, Robert W. "Factor XII Activation and Inhibition in Inflammation." In Proteases, Protease Inhibitors and Protease-Derived Peptides, 125–43. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7397-0_11.

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Stewart, John M. "The Kinin System in Inflammation." In Proteases, Protease Inhibitors and Protease-Derived Peptides, 145–57. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7397-0_12.

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Maeda, Hiroshi, Takaaki Akaike, Yoshifumi Sakata, and Keishi Maruo. "Role of Bradykinin in Microbial Infection: Enhancement of Septicemia by Microbial Proteases and Kinin." In Proteases, Protease Inhibitors and Protease-Derived Peptides, 159–65. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7397-0_13.

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Whalley, E. T., and J. C. Cheronis. "Kinin Antagonists as Human Therapeutics." In Proteases, Protease Inhibitors and Protease-Derived Peptides, 167–76. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7397-0_14.

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Niedbala, Michael J. "Cytokine Regulation of Endothelial Cell Extracellular Proteolysis." In Proteases, Protease Inhibitors and Protease-Derived Peptides, 179–93. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7397-0_15.

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Katunuma, Nobuhiko, Hisao Kakegawa, Yoichi Matsunaga, Takeshi Nikawa, and Eiki Korninami. "Different Functional Share of Individual Lysosomal Cathepsins in Normal and Pathological Conditions." In Proteases, Protease Inhibitors and Protease-Derived Peptides, 195–210. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7397-0_16.

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Stewart, John M., and Michael E. Hall. "Neuropeptide Processing in Pathophysiology." In Proteases, Protease Inhibitors and Protease-Derived Peptides, 211–26. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7397-0_17.

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Aimes, Ronald T., Sheila M. Nielsen-Preiss, and James P. Quigley. "Resolution of Timp-Free and Timp-Complexed 70kDa Progelatinase from Culture Medium of Rous Sarcoma Virus-Transformed Chicken Embryo Fibroblasts." In Proteases, Protease Inhibitors and Protease-Derived Peptides, 227–43. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7397-0_18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Proteas"

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Stokos, Konstantinos G., Efstathios Stiliaris, Aristides M. Bonanos, Marios C. Georgiou, Elena Guillen, Alaric Montenon, and Costas N. Papanicolas. "The control system at PROTEAS." In SolarPACES 2017: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5067221.

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Bonanos, Aristides M., Marios C. Georgiou, Elena Guillen, and Costas N. Papanicolas. "CSP+D: The case study at the PROTEAS facility." In SOLARPACES 2016: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4984564.

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Georgiou, Marios C., Aristides M. Bonanos, Konstantinos G. Stokos, Constantinos C. Roussos, Efstathios G. Stiliaris, and Costas N. Papanicolas. "Operational experience of hot air preheating at the PROTEAS facility." In SOLARPACES 2019: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0029953.

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Marakkos, Costas, Konstantinos Stokos, and Costas Papanicolas. "PROTEAS power cycle: A solar Rankine cycle for research and development." In SOLARPACES 2019: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0028495.

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Sapounidis, Theodosios, and Stavros N. Demetriadis. "Exploring Children Preferences regarding Tangible and Graphical Tools for Introductory Programming: Evaluating the PROTEAS Kit." In 2012 IEEE 12th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icalt.2012.48.

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SHAIU, W. L., T. HU, and T. S. HSIEH. "THE HYDROPHILIC, PROTEAS E-SENSITIVE TERMINAL DOMAINS OF EUCARYOTIC DNA TOPOISOMERASES HAVE ESSENTIAL INTRACELLULAR FUNCTIONS." In Proceedings of the Pacific Symposium. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814447300_0057.

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Rimareva, L. V., A. Y. Krivova, N. V. Shelekhova, M. B. Overchenko, and E. M. Serba. "CATALYTIC FEATURES OF PROTEAS AND FITAZ WHEN PROCESSING POLITICALS OF THE TRITITICAL-WITHOUT IN MANUFACTURE OF ALCOHOL." In Current issues in the beverage industry. Author-online, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/978-5-6043128-4-1-2019-3-184-190.

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Stenflo, J., A.-K. öhlin, Å. Lundvall, and B. Dahlback. "β-HYDROXY ASPARTIC ACID AND ft-HYDROXYASPARAGINE IN THEEGF-HOMOLOGY REGIONS OF PROTEIN C AND PROTEINS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643995.

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The amino acid sequence has been determined for all of the vitamin K-dependent proteins and the gene structure is known for some of them. These findings have shown the proteins to consist of four clearly discernible domains, except protein S which has six domains. The protein domains seem to be coded on separate exons (Foster, D. C. et. al. 1985 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82,4673). The vitamin K-dependent γ-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) containing domain isthe common structural denominator of the members of this protein family. In addition, all of these proteins except prothrombin contain domains that are homologous to the precursor of the epidermal growth factor (EGF). Such domains arealso found in proteins that are not vitamin K-dependent, such as the low density lipoprotein receptor, thrombomodulin, factor XII, plasminogen, the tissue type plasminogen activator, urokinase and the complement protein Clr. The vitamin K-dependent proteins can be dividedinto three groups. Factors VII, IX, X, protein C and protein Z form one group, which in addition to the Gla-region have two EGF-homology regions and one domain that is homologous to the serine proteases. Prothrombin has two 'kringle' structures and a serine protease domain and constitutes a group of its own. Protein S is also unique in that it has four EGF-homology regions and a COOH-terminal region that is homologous to the sexual hormone binding globulin (see poster by Edenbrand et. al.).Recently a posttranslationally modified amino acid, B-hydroxyaspatic acid (Hya), was identified in position 71 in the NH2-terminal EGF-homology region ofbovine protein C. The amino acid is formed by hydroxylation of aspartic acid. It has also been identified in the corresponding positions in factors VII, IX,X and protein Z (i. e. proteins which like protein C have two EGF-homology regions each). In protein S the N2-terminal of four EGF-homology regions has hydroxy lated aspartic acid .whereas the following three EGF-like domains have B-hydroxyasparagine. The nucleotide sequence codes for asparagine in the three latter positions. Neither vitamin K nor vitamin C seem to be involvedin the formation of the two hydroxylated amino acids. Recently, Hya was identified in acid hydrolysates of the complement protein Clr. Hya and Hyn have onlybeen found in domains that are homologous to the EGF precursor. In an attempt to identify the structural requirement of the hydroxylating enzyme, we have compared the sequences of EGF-homology regions that contain Hya or Hyn with the corresponding sequences that have been shown not to contain the modified amino acids. The domains that have Hya or Hyn have the consensus sequence Cx xxxx xCxC. This sequence has been found in three EGF-like domains in the EGF-precursor, in two in the LDL-receptor and in two in thrombomodulin. Furthermore, the neurogenic Notch locus in Drosophila melanogaster codes for 36 EGF-homolgy regions, 22 of which contain the consensussequence, whereas the Lin-12 locus in Caenorhabditis elegans codes for at least 11 EGF-like repeats, two of which comply with the consensus sequence. Whether any of these proteins contain Hya orHyn is not yet known with certainty.It has been hypothesized that Hya isinvolved in the Gla independent Ca2+binding of factors IX, X and protein C. In an attempt to resolve this issue, we have isolated the EGF-homology region from human protein C and been able to demonstrate that it binds Ca2+ (see poster by öhlin and Stenflo). However, we do not yet know whether Hya is directly involved in the Ca2+binding.
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Berkner, K. L., S. J. Busby, J. Gambee, and A. Kumar. "EXPRESSION IN MAMMALIAN CELLS OF FUSION PROTEINS BETWEEN HUMAN FACTORS IX AND VII." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643568.

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The vitamin K-dependent plasma proteins demonstrate remarkable similarities in their structures: all have multiple domains in common and extensive homology is observed within many of these domains. In order to investigate the structure-function relationship of these proteins, we have interchanged domains of one protein (factor IX) with that of another (factor VII) and have compared the expression of these fusion proteins with recombinant and native factors IX and VII. Oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis was used to generate four fusion proteins: factor IX/VII-1, which contains the factor IX leader and gla domain fused to the growth factor and serine protease of factor VII; factor VII/IX-1, a reciprocal fusion protein of factor IX/VII-1; factor IX/VII-2, which contains the factor IX leader adjoined to the mature factor VII protein sequence; and factor VII/IX-2, the reciprocal fusion protein of factor IX/VII-2. The cDNAs encoding all four proteins were cloned into mammalian expression vectors, and to date three of these (factors IX/VII-1, 2 and VII/IX-1) have been transfected into baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells or 293 cells and characterized. Factors IX/VII-1 and VII/IX-1 were both secreted at levels comparable to recombinant factors IX and VII. The factor IX/VII-1 was identical in molecular weight to native or recombinant factor VII (i.e., 53 K). Factor VII/IX-1 was expressed as two proteins with molecular weights around 68 kd, as observed with recombinant factor IX. The factor IX/VII-1 protein has been purified to homogeneity and has been found to possess factor VII biological activity, but at a specific activity approximately 20% that of plasma factor VII. Thus, the gla domain of one clotting factor is capable of directing the activation of another and of generating biologically active protein. In contrast, no activity was observed with the factor IX/VII-2 fusion protein, indicating that there are limits to the interchanges which can generate functional blood clotting factors.
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Foster, D., B. Schach, M. Rudinsky, K. Berkner, A. Kumar, C. Sprecher, F. Hagen, and E. W. bavie. "The Effect of Changes in the Leader Sequence of Human Protein C on Biosynthetic Processing and Gamma-Carboxylation." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643648.

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Protein C is the precursor to a serine protease in plasma which contains gamma-carboxy glutamic acid and functions as a potent anticoagulant. Protein C shows considerable structural homology with the other vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors including prothrombin, factor VII, factor IX and factor X. This homology includes the putative pro-peptide region of the prepro leader sequences for these proteins, as well as the leader sequences for gamma-carboxylated proteins from bone. Deletion mutants have been constructed in the cDNA for human protein C in order to test the possibility that the pro-peptide portion of the 42 amino acid leader sequence serves as a molecular signal for gamma-carboxylation. Accordingly, these mutants contain the pre-peptide (hydrophobic leader) plus portions of the pro-peptide at the amino terminus of the light chain. The mutant proteins were expressed in carboxylation-competent mammalian cells and analyzed by barium citrate precipitation and N-terminal amino acid sequencing. These studies have shown that deletions in the pro-peptide region interfere with gamma-carboxylation and removal of the pro-peptide. Deletion of residues −1 through −12 had little effect on the carboxylation or secretion. Deletion of −1 through −17 completely abolished gamma-carboxylation, but had no measurable effect on secretion. Amino terminal sequence analysis of the latter mutant showed that the light chain began with Thr-Pro-Ala-Pro... This corresponds to a sequence in the prepro leader starting at −24. This indicates that the signal peptidase cleavage site for human protein C is between residues −25 and −24 and removal of the pro-peptide had been blocked by the deletion.
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Reports on the topic "Proteas"

1

Martin, Shawn Bryan, Kenneth L. Sale, Jean-Loup Michel Faulon, and Diana C. Roe. Developing algorithms for predicting protein-protein interactions of homology modeled proteins. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/883467.

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Chen, Junjie, and Anindya Dutta. Cellular Proteins Interacting with the Tumor Suppressor Protein p53. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada333509.

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Chen, Junjie. Cellular Proteins Interacting with the Tumor Suppressor Protein p53. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada305736.

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Bryan, Philip N. Engineering Environmentally-Stable Proteases to Specifically Neutralize Protein Toxins. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada584085.

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Chen, Junjie. Cellular Proteins Interacting with the Tumor Suppressor Protein p53. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada316821.

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Yazdidoust, Ladan. Defining Protein Interactions: Ankle Link Proteins of Stereocilia in Hair Cells. Portland State University Library, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/honors.276.

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Kelly, Jr, Simms Thomas J., Huang Avis E., Mazur Yan, and Anna. Fibroblast Activation Protein-Alpha, a Serine Protease that Facilitates Metastasis by Modification of Diverse Microenvironments. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada588423.

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Stevens, F. J., M. Schiffer, and A. Solomon. Bence Jones proteins: Powerful tool for fundamental study of protein chemistry and pathophysiology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10185739.

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Wong-Staal, Flossie. Transdominant Rev and Protease Mutant Proteins of HIV/SIV as Potential Antiviral Agents In vitro and In vivo. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada251525.

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Atela, Martin, Atela, Martin, Ojebode, Ayobami Ojebode, Ayobami, Aina, Omotade Aina, Omotade, and Agbonifo, John Agbonifo, John. Demanding Power: Struggles over Fuel Access in Nigeria. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2021.054.

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Why do some fuel protests in Nigeria lead to a response from government, but others are barely noticed? What are the politics behind government response and who are the winners and losers? Using a multi-method approach, this study focuses on the period between 2007 and 2017 to investigate the dynamics of fuel protest in Nigeria to ask how, and under which conditions, struggles over energy access in Nigeria produce accountability and empowerment. The findings suggest that accountability and empowerment outcomes of the struggles over fuel access in Nigeria are severely limited by the very conditions that define the state as fragile: weak institutions, elite capture, widespread corruption, and a citizenry that is protest-fatigued and disempowered. This could be true of other fragile and conflict-affected settings. Therefore, frameworks that open up the civic space for dialogues between the government and citizens may produce better outcomes than protests.
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