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Journal articles on the topic 'Protection from malaria'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Pola, Carolina. "Total protection from malaria." Nature Medicine 19, no. 9 (2013): 1102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm.3349.

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2

Qureshi, Muhammad Qasim, Muhammad Khawer, and Muneeb ur Rehman. "Malaria prevention using antibodies: A promising approach to passive protection." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 73, no. 3 (2023): 746. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.7763.

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Madam, malaria is a parasitic infection that is one of the leading causes of death in developing countries like Pakistan. According to WHO, an estimated 241 million malaria cases were reported in 2020 (1). Vaccines have been developed to prevent malaria but with limited efficacy. Using next-generation antibodies can be a possible option to reduce malarial infection. Recently, a phase 1 trial conducted by NIAID at the National Institute of Health (NIH), USA, clinical centre has reported promising results with using intravenous and subcutaneous antibodies for malaria prophylaxis in healthy adult

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Mockenhaupt, Frank P., Stephan Ehrhardt, Sabine Gellert та ін. "α+-thalassemia protects African children from severe malaria". Blood 104, № 7 (2004): 2003–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2003-11-4090.

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Abstract The high frequency of α+-thalassemia in malaria-endemic regions may reflect natural selection due to protection from potentially fatal severe malaria. In Africa, bearing 90% of global malaria morbidity and mortality, this has not yet been observed. We tested this hypothesis in an unmatched case-control study among 301 Ghanaian children with severe malaria and 2107 controls (62% parasitemic). In control children, α+-thalassemia affected neither prevalence nor density of Plasmodium falciparum. However, heterozygous α+-thalassemia was observed in 32.6% of controls but in only 26.2% of ca

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Muriuki, John Muthii, Alexander J. Mentzer, Gavin Band, et al. "The ferroportin Q248H mutation protects from anemia, but not malaria or bacteremia." Science Advances 5, no. 9 (2019): eaaw0109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw0109.

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Iron acquisition is critical for life. Ferroportin (FPN) exports iron from mature erythrocytes, and deletion of the Fpn gene results in hemolytic anemia and increased fatality in malaria-infected mice. The FPN Q248H mutation (glutamine to histidine at position 248) renders FPN partially resistant to hepcidin-induced degradation and was associated with protection from malaria in human studies of limited size. Using data from cohorts including over 18,000 African children, we show that the Q248H mutation is associated with modest protection against anemia, hemolysis, and iron deficiency, but we

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Sabeti, P., S. Usen, S. Farhadian, et al. "CD40L association with protection from severe malaria." Genes & Immunity 3, no. 5 (2002): 286–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.gene.6363877.

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de Souza, J. Brian, James Todd, Gowdahalli Krishegowda, D. Channe Gowda, Dominic Kwiatkowski, and Eleanor M. Riley. "Prevalence and Boosting of Antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum Glycosylphosphatidylinositols and Evaluation of Their Association with Protection from Mild and Severe Clinical Malaria." Infection and Immunity 70, no. 9 (2002): 5045–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.70.9.5045-5051.2002.

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ABSTRACT Glycosylphosphatidylinositols (GPIs), the anchor molecules of some membrane proteins of Plasmodium species, have been implicated in the induction of immunopathology during malaria infections. Hence, neutralization of GPIs by antibodies may reduce the severity of clinical attacks of malaria. To test this hypothesis, we have assessed the levels of anti-GPI antibodies in plasma from children and adults living in areas of seasonal malaria transmission in The Gambia. In a prospective study of susceptibility to clinical or asymptomatic infection, the levels of anti-GPI antibodies were measu

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Lyke, Kirsten E., Robin B. Burges, Yacouba Cissoko, et al. "HLA-A2 Supertype-Restricted Cell-Mediated Immunity by Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Derived from Malian Children with Severe or Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria and Healthy Controls." Infection and Immunity 73, no. 9 (2005): 5799–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.9.5799-5808.2005.

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ABSTRACT Understanding HLA-restricted adaptive host immunity to defined epitopes of malarial antigens may be required for the development of successful malaria vaccines. Fourteen epitopes of preerythrocytic malarial antigens known to mediate cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses against target cells expressing HLA-A2-restricted epitopes were synthesized and pooled based on antigen: thrombospondin-related anonymous protein (TRAP), circumsporozoite protein (CSP), and export protein 1 (Exp-1) peptides. HLA-A2 supertype (*0201, *0202, *0205, *6802) peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from 774

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8

Kamanzi, Ntakirutimana G. "Hemoglobinopathy for Malaria Protection: A Comprehensive Review." IDOSR JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ALLIED FIELDS 9, no. 3 (2024): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.59298/idosr/jbbaf/24/93.3034000.

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Hemoglobinopathies, including sickle cell disease (SCD) and thalassemia, are inherited disorders that affect hemoglobin structure and function, leading to significant health implications. However, these genetic conditions also confer a degree of protection against malaria, particularly Plasmodium falciparum, the most virulent malaria parasite. This comprehensive review examines the relationship between hemoglobinopathies and malaria protection, exploring how genetic mutations in hemoglobin subunits influence susceptibility to malaria. Sickle cell trait (HbAS) provides notable protection agains

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9

Su, Zhong, Mariela Segura, and Mary M. Stevenson. "Reduced Protective Efficacy of a Blood-Stage Malaria Vaccine by Concurrent Nematode Infection." Infection and Immunity 74, no. 4 (2006): 2138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.74.4.2138-2144.2006.

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ABSTRACT Helminth infections, which are prevalent in areas where malaria is endemic, have been shown to modulate immune responses to unrelated pathogens and have been implicated in poor efficacy of malaria vaccines in humans. We established a murine coinfection model involving blood-stage Plasmodium chabaudi AS malaria and a gastrointestinal nematode, Heligmosomoides polygyrus, to investigate the impact of nematode infection on the protective efficacy of a malaria vaccine. C57BL/6 mice immunized with crude blood-stage P. chabaudi AS antigen in TiterMax adjuvant developed strong protection agai

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10

Hart, Geoffrey T., Tuan M. Tran, Jakob Theorell, et al. "Adaptive NK cells in people exposed to Plasmodium falciparum correlate with protection from malaria." Journal of Experimental Medicine 216, no. 6 (2019): 1280–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20181681.

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How antibodies naturally acquired during Plasmodium falciparum infection provide clinical immunity to blood-stage malaria is unclear. We studied the function of natural killer (NK) cells in people living in a malaria-endemic region of Mali. Multi-parameter flow cytometry revealed a high proportion of adaptive NK cells, which are defined by the loss of transcription factor PLZF and Fc receptor γ-chain. Adaptive NK cells dominated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity responses, and their frequency within total NK cells correlated with lower parasitemia and resistance to malaria. P. falciparu

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11

Rawal, Deepak. "An overview of natural history of the human malaria." International Journal of Mosquito Research 7, no. 2 (2020): 8–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7598379.

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Malaria has troubled humans for thousands of years. Disease resembling malaria has been described for more than 5000 years. Malaria is currently endemic in more than 100 tropical and subtropical countries. The etymology of malaria is derived from mal aria means bad air in medieval Italian. This is because ancient Romans thought that malaria came from fumes in the swamps. Over 25 distinct species of Plasmodium are identified for transmission of malaria in primates but only four species of Plasmodium are responsible for human malaria viz. Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium malar

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12

Wassmer, Samuel C., and Jane M. Carlton. "Glycophorins, Blood Groups, and Protection from Severe Malaria." Trends in Parasitology 32, no. 1 (2016): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2015.11.006.

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13

Heales, Simon. "Increased nitric oxide production and protection from malaria." Lancet 361, no. 9357 (2003): 609–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(03)12529-9.

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Hobbs, Maurine R., Marc C. Levesque, Nicholas M. Anstey, Donald L. Granger, and J. Brice Weinberg. "Increased nitric oxide production and protection from malaria." Lancet 361, no. 9357 (2003): 610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(03)12530-5.

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15

Wang, William YS, and David J. Adams. "Increased nitric oxide production and protection from malaria." Lancet 361, no. 9357 (2003): 610–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(03)12531-7.

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16

Bolland, Silvia, Hemanta Kole, Bethany Scott, et al. "Malaria infection protects from lupus nephritis at a stage beyond immune complex-induced glomerular inflammation." Journal of Immunology 206, no. 1_Supplement (2021): 21.08. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.21.08.

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Abstract A protective role of malaria infection in SLE was proposed to explain the relatively low prevalence of SLE in West Africa compared to populations of similar genetic background living in the West. Various reports showed an increase of autoantibodies in plasma of West African populations, suggesting that parasite infections were inducing systemic autoreactivity while protecting from tissue pathology. Our own studies from a large longitudinal study in a malaria endemic region confirm the high penetrance of elevated titers of anti-nuclear antibodies in plasma of Plasmodium PCR-positive in

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17

Kurtis, Jonathan D., Dipak K. Raj, Ian C. Michelow, et al. "Maternally-derived Antibodies to Schizont Egress Antigen-1 and Protection of Infants From Severe Malaria." Clinical Infectious Diseases 68, no. 10 (2018): 1718–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy728.

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AbstractBackgroundIn holoendemic areas, children suffer the most from Plasmodium falciparum malaria, yet newborns and young infants express a relative resistance to both infection and severe malarial disease (SM). This relative resistance has been ascribed to maternally-derived anti-parasite immunoglobulin G; however, the targets of these protective antibodies remain elusive.MethodsWe enrolled 647 newborns at birth from a malaria-holoendemic region of Tanzania. We collected cord blood, measured antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum Schizont Egress Antigen-1 (PfSEA-1), and related these antibodie

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18

Solovev, A. I., A. N. Kovalenko, V. S. Tokmakov, and V. V. Vasilev. "Anti-epidemic protection of military from malaria in South-East Asia (for the 15th anniversary of the humanitarian operation to eliminate the consequences of the tsunami in Indonesia)." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 22, no. 2 (2020): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma50066.

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The experience of organizing a system of anti-epidemic measures in the Russian military medical group operating on the territory of the island of Sumatra during the humanitarian operation to eliminate the effects of the tsunami in 2005 is presented. A characteristic of the consequences of a natural disaster, a climatogeographic description of the region is presented. The natural-climatic and socio-economic conditions for the spread of malaria infection in the coverage area of the Russian military medical group are analyzed. Russian military physicians acted in an equatorial climate in a zone o

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19

Nguetse, Christian N., Natasha Purington, Emily R. Ebel, et al. "A common polymorphism in the mechanosensitive ion channel PIEZO1 is associated with protection from severe malaria in humans." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 16 (2020): 9074–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1919843117.

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Malaria caused by the apicomplexan parasite Plasmodium falciparum has served as a strong evolutionary force throughout human history, selecting for red blood cell polymorphisms that confer innate protection against severe disease. Recently, gain-of-function mutations in the mechanosensitive ion channel PIEZO1 were shown to ameliorate Plasmodium parasite growth, blood–brain barrier dysfunction, and mortality in a mouse model of malaria. In humans, the gain-of-function allele PIEZO1 E756del is highly prevalent and enriched in Africans, raising the possibility that it is under positive selection

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20

Ampomah, Paulina, Erica Buadii, and Benjamin Aboagye. "Identification of high-risk groups of falciparum malaria in western region of Ghana: The predictive value of ABO Blood group typology." Integrated Health Research Journal 1, no. 1 (2023): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47963/ihrj.v1i1.1177.

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Background: Several studies have linked malaria to ABO blood groups with still others reporting insignificant association between ABO blood group system and malaria. Blood group ‘O’ has been shown to confer protection against severe malaria by studies in various populations but indecisive reports have been given about non-O blood groups in relation to their protection or vulnerability to severe malaria. Objective: The present study sought to investigate the ABO blood group typology and the risk of developing severe malaria. Materials and Methods: A total of 280 participants (140) w

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Mockenhaupt, Frank P., Klaus Reither, Philipp Zanger, et al. "Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Infants as a Means of Malaria Control: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial in Northern Ghana." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 51, no. 9 (2007): 3273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00513-07.

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ABSTRACT Morbidity and mortality from malaria remain unacceptably high among young children in sub-Saharan Africa. Intermittent preventive treatment in infancy (IPTi) involves the administration of antimalarials alongside routine vaccinations and might be an option in malaria control. In an area of intense, perennial malaria transmission in northern Ghana, 1,200 children received IPTi with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine or placebo at approximately 3, 9, and 15 months of age. Children were followed up until 24 months of age to assess morbidity and adverse events. During the intervention period (3 to

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22

Pena, Ana C., Nuno Penacho, Liliana Mancio-Silva, et al. "A Novel Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Molecule Fully Protects Mice from Severe Malaria." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 56, no. 3 (2011): 1281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.05571-11.

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ABSTRACTSevere forms of malaria infection, such as cerebral malaria (CM) and acute lung injury (ALI), are mainly caused by the apicomplexan parasitePlasmodium falciparum. Primary therapy with quinine or artemisinin derivatives is generally effective in controllingP. falciparumparasitemia, but mortality from CM and other forms of severe malaria remains unacceptably high. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of a novel carbon monoxide-releasing molecule (CO-RM; ALF492) that fully protects mice against experimental CM (ECM) and ALI. ALF492 enables controlled CO deliveryin vivowithout affect

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23

Markwalter, Christine F., Jens E. V. Petersen, Erica E. Zeno, et al. "Symptomatic malaria enhances protection from reinfection with homologous Plasmodium falciparum parasites." PLOS Pathogens 19, no. 6 (2023): e1011442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1011442.

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A signature remains elusive of naturally-acquired immunity against Plasmodium falciparum. We identified P. falciparum in a 14-month cohort of 239 people in Kenya, genotyped at immunogenic parasite targets expressed in the pre-erythrocytic (circumsporozoite protein, CSP) and blood (apical membrane antigen 1, AMA-1) stages, and classified into epitope type based on variants in the DV10, Th2R, and Th3R epitopes in CSP and the c1L region of AMA-1. Compared to asymptomatic index infections, symptomatic malaria was associated with reduced reinfection by parasites bearing homologous CSP-Th2R (adjuste

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Bejon, Philip, George Warimwe, Claire L. Mackintosh, et al. "Analysis of Immunity to Febrile Malaria in Children That Distinguishes Immunity from Lack of Exposure." Infection and Immunity 77, no. 5 (2009): 1917–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01358-08.

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ABSTRACT In studies of immunity to malaria, the absence of febrile malaria is commonly considered evidence of “protection.” However, apparent “protection” may be due to a lack of exposure to infective mosquito bites or due to immunity. We studied a cohort that was given curative antimalarials before monitoring began and documented newly acquired asymptomatic parasitemia and febrile malaria episodes during 3 months of surveillance. With increasing age, there was a shift away from febrile malaria to acquiring asymptomatic parasitemia, with no change in the overall incidence of infection. Antibod

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Cyrklaff, Marek, Cecilia P. Sanchez, Friedrich Frischknecht, and Michael Lanzer. "Host actin remodeling and protection from malaria by hemoglobinopathies." Trends in Parasitology 28, no. 11 (2012): 479–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2012.08.003.

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Konotey-Ahulu, Felix ID. "A non-sense mutation and protection from severe malaria." Lancet 358, no. 9285 (2001): 927. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(01)06059-7.

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Rogerson, Stephen, Malcolm Molyneux, and Terrie Taylor. "A non-sense mutation and protection from severe malaria." Lancet 358, no. 9285 (2001): 928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(01)06061-5.

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Pain, A., K. Oscar, K. Marsh, and DJ Roberts. "A non-sense mutation and protection from severe malaria." Lancet 358, no. 9285 (2001): 927–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)71845-6.

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Omi, Kazuya, Jun Ohashi, Jintana Patarapotikul, et al. "CD36 Polymorphism Is Associated with Protection from Cerebral Malaria." American Journal of Human Genetics 72, no. 2 (2003): 364–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/346091.

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Shear, Hannah L., Leonid Grinberg, John Gilman, et al. "Transgenic Mice Expressing Human Fetal Globin Are Protected From Malaria by a Novel Mechanism." Blood 92, no. 7 (1998): 2520–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v92.7.2520.2520_2520_2526.

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Studies in vitro by Pasvol et al (Nature, 270:171, 1977) have indicated that the growth of Plasmodium falciparum in cells containing fetal hemoglobin (HbF = α2γ2) is retarded, but invasion is increased, at least in newborn cells. Normal neonates switch from about 80% HbF at birth to a few percent at the end of the first year of life. Carriers of β-thalassemia trait exhibit a delay in the normal HbF switch-off, which might partially explain the protection observed in populations with this gene. To study this hypothesis in vivo, we used transgenic (γ) mice expressing human Aγ and Gγ chains resul

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ALIFRANGIS, M., M. M. LEMNGE, R. MOON, et al. "IgG reactivities against recombinant Rhoptry-Associated Protein-1 (rRAP-1) are associated with mixed Plasmodium infections and protection against disease in Tanzanian children." Parasitology 119, no. 4 (1999): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182099004825.

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A cross-sectional sero-epidemiological study was performed in Magoda, Tanzania, an area where malaria is holoendemic. Blood samples were collected from children (1–4 years) and tested for IgG antibody reactivity against 2 recombinant protein fragments of Plasmodium falciparum Rhoptry-Associated Protein-1 (rRAP-1). The data were related to the prevalence of malarial disease and single P. falciparum or mixed Plasmodium infections. Fever ([ges ]37·5 °C) in combination with parasite densities >5000/μl were used to distinguish between children with asymptomatic malaria infections and those with

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Nchinda, Godwin, Abel Lissom, Herve Ouambo та ін. "PO 8590 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF IGG RESPONSES TO RECOMBINANT Qβ PHAGE DISPLAYED MSP3 AND UBO5 IN DUAL HIV/MALARIA-CO-INFECTED ADULTS". BMJ Global Health 4, Suppl 3 (2019): A59.2—A59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-edc.156.

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BackgroundImmunoglobulin G (IgG)-specific responses against Plasmodium falciparum merozoite antigens such as the merozoite surface protein 3 (MSP3) and UBO5 are known to play critical roles in parasitaemia control and protection from symptomatic illness. However, when there is intense perennial malaria transmission coupled with concurrent infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV), knowledge of IgG antibody response profiles is limited.In this study we assessed the impact of dual HIV/malaria infections on IgG subclass responses to MSP3 (QβMSP3) and UBO5 (QβUB05) in individual

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Mutemi, Doreen D., James Tuju, Rodney Ogwang, et al. "Antibody-Dependent Respiratory Burst against Plasmodium falciparum Merozoites in Individuals Living in an Area with Declining Malaria Transmission." Vaccines 12, no. 2 (2024): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12020203.

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Malaria transmission intensity affects the development of naturally acquired immunity to malaria. An absolute correlate measure of protection against malaria is lacking. However, antibody-mediated functions against Plasmodium falciparum correlate with protection against malaria. In children, antibody-mediated functions against P. falciparum decline with reduced exposure. It is unclear whether adults maintain antibody-mediated functions as malaria transmission declines. This study assessed antibody-dependent respiratory burst (ADRB) in individuals from an area with declining malaria transmissio

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Barbosa, Arnoldo, Denise Naniche, John J. Aponte, et al. "Plasmodium falciparum-Specific Cellular Immune Responses after Immunization with the RTS,S/AS02D Candidate Malaria Vaccine in Infants Living in an Area of High Endemicity in Mozambique." Infection and Immunity 77, no. 10 (2009): 4502–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00442-09.

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ABSTRACT Results from clinical trials in areas where malaria is endemic have shown that immunization with RTS,S/AS02A malaria vaccine candidate induces partial protection in adults and children and cellular effector and memory responses in adults. For the first time in a malaria vaccine trial, we sought to assess the cell-mediated immune responses to RTS,S antigen components in infants under 1 year of age participating in a clinical phase I/IIb trial of RTS,S/AS02D in Mozambique. Circumsporozoite protein (CSP)-specific responses were detected in approximately half of RTS,S-immunized infants an

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Blight, Joshua, Katarzyna A. Sala, Erwan Atcheson, et al. "Dissection-independent production of Plasmodium sporozoites from whole mosquitoes." Life Science Alliance 4, no. 7 (2021): e202101094. http://dx.doi.org/10.26508/lsa.202101094.

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Progress towards a protective vaccine against malaria remains slow. To date, only limited protection has been routinely achieved following immunisation with either whole-parasite (sporozoite) or subunit-based vaccines. One major roadblock to vaccine progress, and to pre-erythrocytic parasite biology in general, is the continued reliance on manual salivary gland dissection for sporozoite isolation from infected mosquitoes. Here, we report development of a multi-step method, based on batch processing of homogenised whole mosquitoes, slurry, and density-gradient filtration, which combined with fr

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Riley, E. M., G. E. Wagner, M. F. Ofori, et al. "Lack of Association between Maternal Antibody and Protection of African Infants from Malaria Infection." Infection and Immunity 68, no. 10 (2000): 5856–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.68.10.5856-5863.2000.

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ABSTRACT Maternally derived antibodies are believed to protect infants against infection, but there is little direct evidence for a protective role of passively acquired antibodies against malaria. A longitudinal study of malaria infection in 143 infants was conducted in a region of southern Ghana where Plasmodium falciparum is endemic. Infants born in the high-transmission season were less likely to become infected in the first 20 weeks of life than children born in the low-transmission season. Plasma, obtained at birth, was tested for immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgG subclasses to P. falciparu

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Rawat, Shalini, and Seema Baniwal. "A REVIEW ON WORLD'S POTENTIAL ANTI-MALARIAL PLANTS AND THEIR PHYTOCHEMICALS." Annals of Science and Allied Research 1, no. 1 (2023): 116–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10479996.

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Malaria is one of the life-threatening parasitic diseases, endemic in tropical areas. The increased prevalence of malaria due to drug resistance leads to a high incidence of mortality. Drug discovery based on natural products and secondary metabolites is considered as alternative approaches for anti-malarial therapy. Herbal medicines have advantages over modern medicines, as less side effects, cost-effectiveness, and affordability encouraging the herbal-based drug discovery. This review covers thirteen important genera including Artemisia, Cinchona, etc., which are being us

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Olugbile, S., C. Kulangara, G. Bang, et al. "Vaccine Potentials of an Intrinsically Unstructured Fragment Derived from the Blood Stage-Associated Plasmodium falciparum Protein PFF0165c." Infection and Immunity 77, no. 12 (2009): 5701–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00652-09.

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ABSTRACT We have identified new malaria vaccine candidates through the combination of bioinformatics prediction of stable protein domains in the Plasmodium falciparum genome, chemical synthesis of polypeptides, in vitro biological functional assays, and association of an antigen-specific antibody response with protection against clinical malaria. Within the predicted open reading frame of P. falciparum hypothetical protein PFF0165c, several segments with low hydrophobic amino acid content, which are likely to be intrinsically unstructured, were identified. The synthetic peptide corresponding t

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Oyong, Damian A., Fergal J. Duffy, Maxwell L. Neal, et al. "Distinct immune responses associated with vaccination status and protection outcomes after malaria challenge." PLOS Pathogens 19, no. 5 (2023): e1011051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1011051.

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Understanding immune mechanisms that mediate malaria protection is critical for improving vaccine development. Vaccination with radiation-attenuated Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites (PfRAS) induces high level of sterilizing immunity against malaria and serves as a valuable tool for the study of protective mechanisms. To identify vaccine-induced and protection-associated responses during malarial infection, we performed transcriptome profiling of whole blood and in-depth cellular profiling of PBMCs from volunteers who received either PfRAS or noninfectious mosquito bites, followed by controlle

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Witschkowski, Julia, Jochen Behrends, Roland Frank, et al. "BCG Provides Short-Term Protection from Experimental Cerebral Malaria in Mice." Vaccines 8, no. 4 (2020): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040745.

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Clinical and experimental evidence suggests that the tuberculosis vaccine BCG offers protection against unrelated pathogens including the malaria parasite. Cerebral malaria (CM) is the most severe complication associated with Plasmodium falciparum infection in humans and is responsible for most of the fatalities attributed to malaria. We investigated whether BCG protected C57BL/6 mice from P. berghei ANKA (PbA)-induced experimental CM (ECM). The majority of PbA-infected mice that were immunized with BCG showed prolonged survival without developing clinical symptoms of ECM. However, this protec

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DUFFY, PATRICK E. "Plasmodiumin the placenta: parasites, parity, protection, prevention and possibly preeclampsia." Parasitology 134, no. 13 (2007): 1877–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182007000170.

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SUMMARYThe epidemiology of pregnancy malaria infection and disease is complex but reflects underlying interactions between thePlasmodium falciparumparasite, the mother, and the foetus. Parasites sequester in the human placenta by binding to chondroitin sulfate A (CSA), a novel receptor that does not commonly support binding of other parasites. Women become resistant toP. falciparummalaria over successive pregnancies as they acquire antibodies against the CSA-binding placental parasite forms. Due to acquired immunity, placental malaria is briefer and less inflammatory in multigravid women than

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Shear, Hannah L., Leonid Grinberg, John Gilman, et al. "Transgenic Mice Expressing Human Fetal Globin Are Protected From Malaria by a Novel Mechanism." Blood 92, no. 7 (1998): 2520–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v92.7.2520.

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Abstract Studies in vitro by Pasvol et al (Nature, 270:171, 1977) have indicated that the growth of Plasmodium falciparum in cells containing fetal hemoglobin (HbF = α2γ2) is retarded, but invasion is increased, at least in newborn cells. Normal neonates switch from about 80% HbF at birth to a few percent at the end of the first year of life. Carriers of β-thalassemia trait exhibit a delay in the normal HbF switch-off, which might partially explain the protection observed in populations with this gene. To study this hypothesis in vivo, we used transgenic (γ) mice expressing human Aγ and Gγ cha

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N. Orish, Verner, Emily Boakye-Yiadom, Evelyn K. Ansah, et al. "Is malaria immunity a possible protection against severe symptoms and outcomes of COVID-19?" Ghana Medical Journal 55, no. 2 (2021): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gmj.v55i2s.9.

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Malaria-endemic areas of the world are noted for high morbidity and mortality from malaria. Also noted in these areas is the majority of persons in the population having acquired malaria immunity. Though this acquired malaria immunity does not prevent infection, it resists the multiplication of Plasmodium parasites, restricting disease to merely uncomplicated cases or asymptomatic infections. Does this acquired malaria immunity in endemic areas protect against other diseases, especially outbreak diseases like COVID-19? Does malaria activation of innate immunity resulting in trained or toleranc

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Hart, Geoffrey T., Tuan Tran, Jakob Theorell, et al. "A new malaria killer: Fc receptor gamma chain and PLZF identify NK cell subsets that correlate with reduced Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia and increased antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity against opsonized infected RBCs." Journal of Immunology 200, no. 1_Supplement (2018): 168.17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.168.17.

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Abstract Plasmodium falciparum (P.f) infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide where symptoms and death occur as a result of the blood stage of the P.f. life cycle. To date, there is no effective blood stage malarial vaccine. Natural Killer (NK) cells are key players in the control of hematopoietic cancers and viral infections, however their role in blood stage malaria is unknown. We undertook a comprehensive analysis of NK cell phenotype and function in a cohort of subjects from a malaria clinical study in Mali, Africa. Using an unbiased analysis of different NK cell su

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Du, Ying, Nina Hertoghs, Fergal J. Duffy, et al. "Systems analysis of immune responses to attenuated P. falciparum malaria sporozoite vaccination reveals excessive inflammatory signatures correlating with impaired immunity." PLOS Pathogens 18, no. 2 (2022): e1010282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010282.

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Immunization with radiation-attenuated sporozoites (RAS) can confer sterilizing protection against malaria, although the mechanisms behind this protection are incompletely understood. We performed a systems biology analysis of samples from the Immunization by Mosquito with Radiation Attenuated Sporozoites (IMRAS) trial, which comprised P. falciparum RAS-immunized (PfRAS), malaria-naive participants whose protection from malaria infection was subsequently assessed by controlled human malaria infection (CHMI). Blood samples collected after initial PfRAS immunization were analyzed to compare immu

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Damien, Barikissou G., Thomas Kesteman, Gatien A. Dossou-Yovo, et al. "Long-Lasting Insecticide-Treated Nets Combined or Not with Indoor Residual Spraying May Not Be Sufficient to Eliminate Malaria: A Case-Control Study, Benin, West Africa." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 8, no. 10 (2023): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8100475.

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In sub-Saharan Africa, despite the implementation of multiple control interventions, the prevalence of malaria infection and clinical cases remains high. The primary tool for vector control against malaria in this region is the use of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) combined or not with indoor residual spraying (IRS) to achieve a synergistic effect in protection. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of LLINs, with or without IRS, protected against Plasmodium falciparum infection and uncomplicated clinical cases (UCC) of malaria in Benin. A case-control stud

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Osier, Faith H. A., Gregory Fegan, Spencer D. Polley, et al. "Breadth and Magnitude of Antibody Responses to Multiple Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Antigens Are Associated with Protection from Clinical Malaria." Infection and Immunity 76, no. 5 (2008): 2240–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01585-07.

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ABSTRACT Individuals living in areas where malaria is endemic are repeatedly exposed to many different malaria parasite antigens. Studies on naturally acquired antibody-mediated immunity to clinical malaria have largely focused on the presence of responses to individual antigens and their associations with decreased morbidity. We hypothesized that the breadth (number of important targets to which antibodies were made) and magnitude (antibody level measured in a random serum sample) of the antibody response were important predictors of protection from clinical malaria. We analyzed naturally acq

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Garza, Rolando, Ashley Reers, Raphael Reyes, et al. "Analysis of naturally acquired immune responses against the Plasmodium falciparummalaria vaccine candidate PF3D7_1136200." Journal of Immunology 210, no. 1_Supplement (2023): 82.15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.210.supp.82.15.

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Abstract Humoral immunity is critical for protection against Plasmodium falciparum malaria. In endemic areas, individuals acquire protective immunity against malaria through repeated exposure to P. falciparum parasites. Understanding these naturally acquired immune responses would be highly informative for the development of improved vaccination strategies against malaria. Antibody responses against the uncharacterized protein PF3D7_1136200 correlate with protection from malaria, however, the development of these antibody responses over time and their role in protecting against malaria remain

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Nogueira, Paulo Afonso, Fabiana Piovesan Alves, Carmen Fernandez-Becerra, et al. "A Reduced Risk of Infection with Plasmodium vivax and Clinical Protection against Malaria Are Associated with Antibodies against the N Terminus but Not the C Terminus of Merozoite Surface Protein 1." Infection and Immunity 74, no. 5 (2006): 2726–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.74.5.2726-2733.2006.

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ABSTRACT Progress towards the development of a malaria vaccine against Plasmodium vivax, the most widely distributed human malaria parasite, will require a better understanding of the immune responses that confer clinical protection to patients in regions where malaria is endemic. The occurrence of clinical protection in P. vivax malaria in Brazil was first reported among residents of the riverine community of Portuchuelo, in Rondônia, western Amazon. We thus analyzed immune sera from this same human population to determine if naturally acquired humoral immune responses against the merozoite

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Doolan, Denise L., Carlota Dobaño, and J. Kevin Baird. "Acquired Immunity to Malaria." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 22, no. 1 (2009): 13–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00025-08.

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SUMMARY Naturally acquired immunity to falciparum malaria protects millions of people routinely exposed to Plasmodium falciparum infection from severe disease and death. There is no clear concept about how this protection works. There is no general agreement about the rate of onset of acquired immunity or what constitutes the key determinants of protection; much less is there a consensus regarding the mechanism(s) of protection. This review summarizes what is understood about naturally acquired and experimentally induced immunity against malaria with the help of evolving insights provided by b

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