Relevant bibliographies by topics / Protective chemical molecules and pathways

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers
  5. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Protective chemical molecules and pathways'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 1 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Protective chemical molecules and pathways"

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Rusanova, Iryna, Laura Martínez-Ruiz, Javier Florido, et al. "Protective Effects of Melatonin on the Skin: Future Perspectives." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 19 (2019): 4948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20194948.

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When exposed to hostile environments such as radiation, physical injuries, chemicals, pollution, and microorganisms, the skin requires protective chemical molecules and pathways. Melatonin, a highly conserved ancient molecule, plays a crucial role in the maintenance of skin. As human skin has functional melatonin receptors and also acts as a complete system that is capable of producing and regulating melatonin synthesis, melatonin is a promising candidate for its maintenance and protection. Below, we review the studies of new metabolic pathways involved in the protective functions of melatonin
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Tundis, Rosa, Maria C. Tenuta, Monica R. Loizzo, et al. "Vaccinium Species (Ericaceae): From Chemical Composition to Bio-Functional Activities." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (2021): 5655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125655.

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The genus Vaccinium L. (Ericaceae) includes more than 450 species, which mainly grow in cooler areas of the northern hemisphere. Vaccinium species have been used in traditional medicine of different cultures and the berries are widely consumed as food. Indeed, Vaccinium supplement-based herbal medicine and functional food, mainly from V. myrtillus and V. macrocarpon, are used in Europe and North America. Biological studies support traditional uses since, for many Vaccinium components, important biological functions have been described, including antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antid
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Araki, Tsuyoshi, and Tamao Saito. "Small molecules and cell differentiation in Dictyostelium discoideum." International Journal of Developmental Biology 63, no. 8-9-10 (2019): 429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/ijdb.190192ts.

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Dictyostelium is a microorganism found in soils that are known as the battle fields of chemical warfare. Genome analysis of Dictyostelium revealed that it has great potential for the production of small molecules, including secondary metabolites such as polyketides and terpenes.Polyketides are a large family of secondary metabolites which have a variety of structures. In accordance with their structural variety, polyketides have a plethora of biological activities, including antimicrobial, antifungal, and antitumor activities. Unsurprisingly, they have exceptional medical importance. Polyketid
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Speciale, Antonio, Antonella Saija, Romina Bashllari, et al. "Anthocyanins As Modulators of Cell Redox-Dependent Pathways in Non-Communicable Diseases." Current Medicinal Chemistry 27, no. 12 (2020): 1955–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867325666181112093336.

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: Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs), mostly represented by cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, chronic pulmonary diseases, cancers, and several chronic pathologies, are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality, and are mainly related to the occurrence of metabolic risk factors. Anthocyanins (ACNs) possess a wide spectrum of biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardioprotective and chemopreventive properties, which are able to promote human health. Although ACNs present an apparent low bioavailability, their metabolites may play an important role in the i
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Xie, Zhiyi, Minqiu Lin, Xinglishang He, et al. "Chemical Constitution, Pharmacological Effects and the Underlying Mechanism of Atractylenolides: A Review." Molecules 28, no. 10 (2023): 3987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28103987.

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Atractylenolides, comprising atractylenolide I, II, and III, represent the principal bioactive constituents of Atractylodes macrocephala, a traditional Chinese medicine. These compounds exhibit a diverse array of pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and organ-protective effects, underscoring their potential for future research and development. Recent investigations have demonstrated that the anti-cancer activity of the three atractylenolides can be attributed to their influence on the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Additionally, the TLR4/NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, and MAP
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Soto-Alarcon, Sandra A., Rodrigo Valenzuela, Alfonso Valenzuela, and Luis A. Videla. "Liver Protective Effects of Extra Virgin Olive Oil: Interaction between Its Chemical Composition and the Cell-signaling Pathways Involved in Protection." Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets 18, no. 1 (2017): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871530317666171114120552.

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Background and Objective: The liver is an organ susceptible to a multitude of injuries that causes liver damage, like steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), presents several protective effects on the liver, reducing hepatic steatosis, hepatocyte ballooning, fibrogenesis, preventing lipid peroxidation, among other effects. Due to its high levels of monounsaturated fatty acids, mainly oleic acid and phenolic compounds, such as hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein, EVOO is able to participate in the a
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Powell, Charles S., Marcienne M. Wright, and Robert M. Jackson. "p38mapk and MEK1/2 inhibition contribute to cellular oxidant injury after hypoxia." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 286, no. 4 (2004): L826—L833. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00119.2003.

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Lung epithelial cells produce increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) after hypoxia exposure, and they are more susceptible after hypoxia to injury by agents that generate superoxide [[Formula: see text]; e.g., 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (DMNQ)]. Cellular GSH and MnSOD both decrease in hypoxic lung epithelial cells, altering the redox state. Because ROS participate in signaling pathways involved in cell death or survival, we tested the hypothesis that mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) were involved in a protective response against cellular injury during reoxygenation. Human lung e
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Dinkova-Kostova, Albena T. "The Role of Sulfhydryl Reactivity of Small Molecules for the Activation of the KEAP1/NRF2 Pathway and the Heat Shock Response." Scientifica 2012 (2012): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.6064/2012/606104.

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The KEAP1/NRF2 pathway and the heat shock response are two essential cytoprotective mechanisms that allow adaptation and survival under conditions of oxidative, electrophilic, and thermal stress by regulating the expression of elaborate networks of genes with versatile protective functions. The two pathways are independently regulated by the transcription factor nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (NRF2) and heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), respectively. The activity of these transcriptional master regulators increases during conditions of stress and also upon encounter of small molecul
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Montejano-Ramírez, Vicente, José Luis Ávila-Oviedo, Francisco Javier Campos-Mendoza, and Eduardo Valencia-Cantero. "Microbial Volatile Organic Compounds: Insights into Plant Defense." Plants 13, no. 15 (2024): 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13152013.

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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are low molecular weight molecules that tend to evaporate easily at room temperature because of their low boiling points. VOCs are emitted by all organisms; therefore, inter- and intra-kingdom interactions have been established, which are fundamental to the structuring of life on our planet. One of the most studied interactions through VOCs is between microorganism VOCs (mVOCs) and plants, including those of agricultural interest. The mVOC interactions generate various advantages for plants, ranging from promoting growth to the activation of defense pathways t
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Shen, Minqian, Jingyi Cao, and Haifei Shi. "Effects of Estrogen and Estrogen Receptors on Transcriptomes of HepG2 Cells: A Preliminary Study Using RNA Sequencing." International Journal of Endocrinology 2018 (October 28, 2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5789127.

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Men have a much higher incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the predominant form of liver cancer, than women, suggesting that estrogens play a protective role in liver cancer development and progression. To begin to understand the potential mechanisms of estrogens’ inhibitory effects on HCC development, RNA sequencing was used to generate comprehensive global transcriptome profiles of the human HCC-derived HepG2 cell line following treatment of vehicle (control), estradiol (E2), estrogen receptor alpha- (ERα-) specific agonist 1,3,5-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-propyl-1H-pyrazole (PPT), or
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Protective chemical molecules and pathways"

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Schoepfer, David. "Investigating temperature signalling pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana using small molecules." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/284158.

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Upon exposure to heat or cold, Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings undergo rapid transcriptional reprogramming of several hundreds of genes that promote stress tolerance. Despite extensive characterisation of the transcriptional responses to these stimuli, however, relatively little is known about the mechanisms by which temperature signals are perceived and transduced in plant cells. High or low seasonal temperatures have large impacts on crop productivity and are expected to intensify given current global climatic projections. It is therefore of agricultural importance to better understand temper
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Gulati, Sahil Gulati. "Modulating G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling Pathways with Selective Chemical- and Protein-Based Effector Molecules." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1530642105672697.

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Oukacha, Khadija. "Perturbation chimique du transport de Tumor Necrosis Factor." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPSLS067.

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Alors qu'il est essentiel pour lutter contre les agents pathogènes, TNF (Tumor Necrosis factor) secrété́ en excès devient nocif pour l'organisme comme dans le cas de maladies inflammatoires chroniques (polyarthrite rhumatoïde ou maladie de Crohn). Les thérapies actuelles sont basées sur des injections récurrentes d'anti-TNF contre lesquelles 30% des patients développent une résistance. Il existe donc un fort besoin de composés chimiques réduisant la sécrétion de TNF. Nous avons exploité la diversité́ des voies de sécrétion dépendantes de l’appareil de Golgi pour identifier des molécules inhiba
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Book chapters on the topic "Protective chemical molecules and pathways"

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da Silva Campos, Maryluce Albuquerque. "Applications of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Controlling Root-Knot Nematodes." In Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Higher Plants. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8220-2_10.

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AbstractMeloidogyne nematodes cause diseases in economically important plants. These sedentary endoparasites modify plant roots, creating feeding sites and leading to the formation of root galls. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form mutualistic associations with many plants, enhancing nutrient uptake and overall plant health. AMF can also provide protection against pathogens, making them valuable for biocontrol. Studies have shown that AMF can reduce the number of Meloidogyne galls and eggs while improving plant growth and nutrient absorption, potentially outperforming chemical pesticides.
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Henchman, Michael, David Smith, Nigel Adams, John F. Paulson, and W. Lindinger. "Chemical Pathways for Deuterium Fractionation in Interstellar Molecules." In Rate Coefficients in Astrochemistry. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3007-0_13.

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Safran, Marilyn, Naomi Rosen, Michal Twik, et al. "The GeneCards Suite." In Practical Guide to Life Science Databases. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5812-9_2.

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AbstractThe GeneCards® database of human genes was launched in 1997 and has expanded since then to encompass gene-centric, disease-centric, and pathway-centric entities and relationships within the GeneCards Suite, effectively navigating the universe of human biological data—genes, proteins, cells, regulatory elements, biological pathways, and diseases—and the connections among them. The knowledgebase amalgamates information from >150 selected sources related to genes, proteins, ncRNAs, regulatory elements, chemical compounds, drugs, splice variants, SNPs, signaling molecules, differentiati
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Randall, Sarah, John Schomberg, Andreina Giron, Alice Martino, and Zoe Flyer. "Identification of Molecular Leads for Treatment of Secondary TBI via Analysis of Gene Expression in Models of Traumatic Brain Injury in Combination with Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Drug Library Analysis." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-88346-0_4.

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Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common and serious clinical problem with high variability in injury severity. Current clinical therapies generally only manage downstream effects of TBI. Thus, there is an increasing interest in finding treatments that can directly address underlying physiological responses such as edema, cell apoptosis, and tissue oxidation. We applied open-source, clinician-accessible informatics methods that identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in curated TBI rodent models, found associated hub genes and genetic pathways, and determined novel chemical l
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Ranganathan, Umarani, and Steven P. C. Groot. "Seed Longevity and Deterioration." In Seed Science and Technology. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5888-5_5.

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AbstractThe fundamental deteriorative processes that lead to loss of seed viability contrastingly vary between desiccation insensitive (orthodox) and desiccation sensitive seeds (recalcitrant). Orthodox seeds which undergo maturation drying are bestowed with protective mechanisms which guard the seeds against deterioration. They include the accumulation of antioxidants, non-reducing sugars, protective proteins such as late embryogenesis abundant proteins, heat-shock proteins, lipocalins, hormones and chemical protectants (raffinose family oligosaccharides, flavonoids, lignins, vitamin E). The
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Simmons, N., P. Chheda, and D. Schuman. "2.9 On-DNA Functional-Group Transformations." In DNA-Encoded Libraries. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-241-00134.

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AbstractDNA-encoded libraries of small molecules typically access diverse chemical space via combinatorial coupling of building blocks and cores already bearing the requisite functional groups for the intended on-DNA synthetic sequence. However, on-DNA functional group transformations, wherein an on-DNA functional group is altered without the incorporation of a new diversity element, is a supplemental approach to expand the scope of on-DNA synthesis. This chapter reviews key on-DNA functional-group transformations for strategies such as the utilization of on-DNA protecting groups to enhance or
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Shukla, Pragya, Archana Prasad, Khushboo Chawda, Gauri Saxena, Kapil D. Pandey, and Debasis Chakrabarty. "Glandular Trichomes: Bio-cell Factories of Plant Secondary Metabolites." In In Vitro Propagation and Secondary Metabolite Production from Medicinal Plants: Current Trends (Part 1). BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815165227124010008.

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Trichomes are specialised epidermal outgrowth that is present on the aerial parts of plants. On the basis of morphological and cellular variation, they are categorized into non-glandular trichomes (NGTs) and glandular trichomes (GTs). NGTs are known to be involved in the protective and defensive roles that attribute to provide structural and chemical corroboration to form specialized groups of secondary metabolites. GTs are specialized micro-organs that are considered factories for the biosynthesis of a considerable amount of different classes of bioactive metabolites. Conventionally these gla
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Soussi, Sabri, Matthieu Legrand, and Suveer Singh. "Burns Inhalation Injury." In Oxford Textbook of Respiratory Critical Care. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198766438.003.0061.

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Abstract Summary Burn-related inhalation injury refers to damage to the respiratory tract and/or lung parenchyma by heat, smoke, or chemical irritants. Burn inhalation injury also causes systemic toxicity by toxic gases (particularly carbon monoxide, CO; and hydrogen cyanide, HCN). Anything more than mild injury is associated with increased mortality in critically ill burn patients. Bronchoscopy confirms diagnosis, defines the severity, and aids therapeutic airway clearance. Treatment of inhalation injury is mainly supportive: securing a definitive airway early, protective mechanical ventilati
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Mantovani, A., C. A. Dinarello, and P. Ghezzi. "Inhibitors of cytokine production and action." In Pharmacology of cytokines. Oxford University PressOxford, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198500438.003.0002.

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Abstract Since the first reports of protective effects of anti-cytokine antibodies in disease, industrial research has actively attempted to identify synthetic, simple chemicals to inhibit cytokine production or action. In particular, efforts have been aimed at developing receptor antagonists, an approach that has been successful in other areas of pharmacology. However, while the interest was obviously in identifying synthetic, orally active compounds, the really significant finding in this direction was the cloning of IL-Ira in 1990. More recently, screening of recombinant peptide display lib
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Engel, Paul. "6. Metabolic pathways and enzyme evolution." In Enzymes: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198824985.003.0006.

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‘Metabolic pathways and enzyme evolution’ focuses on metabolic pathways and enzyme evolution. Although a few enzymes catalyse a single isolated reaction, most are part of a team that catalyses a series of reactions in which each enzyme picks up its predecessor’s product, taking it a step further to create a metabolic pathway. This pathway may be to build up, say, an amino acid from simpler starting molecules, or conversely to break down food molecules to yield new chemical building blocks and sometimes also to trap useable energy. Life is the combined outcome of this seemingly logical enzyme t
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Conference papers on the topic "Protective chemical molecules and pathways"

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Dempster, W. A., J. C. Charkoudian, and H. Schonhorn. "Chemical and Electrochemical Detection of Tortuous Pathways through Protective Pipeline Coatings." In CORROSION 1990. NACE International, 1990. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1990-90253.

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Abstract Holidays in pipeline coatings expose the pipe surface to the environment leading to increased cathodic protection (CP) current. These defects are traditionally detected by methods relying on electrical contact with the underlying pipe steel surface. Several standard holiday detection methods were examined using stressed pipeline coatings. Tortuous pathways to the steel surface may go undetected by conventional methods, but are revealed by sensitive color tests and electrochemical methods.
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Das, Nishith Kumar, and Tetsuo Shoji. "A Fundamental Study of an Fe-Cr(111) Binary Alloy-Metal Oxide(110)-Water Interfaces." In CORROSION 2011. NACE International, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2011-11289.

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Abstract Tight-binding quantum chemical molecular dynamics (QCMD) method was used to study Fe- Cr/Cr2O3/H2O interfaces in a boiling water reactor (BWR) environment. The system under study comprises an Fe-Cr (111) binary alloy covered with a Cr2O3 (110) surface and four water molecules. Reaction at the metal and oxygen-terminating metal oxide interface causes diffusion of oxygen ions into the metal surface and segregation of the metal ions. Concurrently, the interaction at the metal oxide- water interface causes the dissociation of water molecules. As a result, dissociated hydrogen atoms diffus
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O’Donoghue, Mike, and Vijay Datta. "Biofuels: Lining Systems for a Diverse Array of Sustainably Derived Feedstocks." In CONFERENCE 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2023-19061.

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Abstract In the world of renewable energy technologies that include biomass, geothermal, hydropower, solar and wind, biofuels afford mankind a hydrocarbon-to -carbohydrate energy transition route to “grow oil” and lower global energy dependence on fossil fuels. With a focus on the protective coatings industry, technical challenges and lessons learned are reviewed with respect to renewable feedstocks used to make biofuels. To achieve long-term corrosion protection in the vapor space and immersed zones of above ground storage tanks, the “attack molecules” of free fatty acids (FFAs) in the feedst
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Bavarian, Behzad, Lisa Reiner, Hamed Youssefpour, and Ivan Juraga. "Vapor Phase Inhibitors to Extend the Life of Aging Aircraft." In CORROSION 2005. NACE International, 2005. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2005-05329.

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Abstract Localized corrosion of Al-alloys in the aircraft industry can cause expensive catastrophic failures, especially in aging aircraft. To further aggravate conditions, aircraft maintenance with conventional cleaning solutions can gradually destroy the protective Al oxide film and accelerate corrosion in crevices and lap joints. VCI 415, a solution with corrosion inhibition properties used for washing/rinsing aircraft was investigated to determine the corrosion susceptibility for several Al alloys. The VCI 415 chemical composition, as determined from XPS analysis, is a mixture of sodium co
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Dalli, Jesmond, Ana Rodriguez, Bernd Spur, and Charles Serhan. "Structure elucidation and biological evaluations of sulfido-conjugated specialized pro-resolving mediators." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/mqgv6628.

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Inflammatory diseases are characterized by unabated inflammation that leads tissue destruction resulting in malaise. Whilst much is known on the mechanism that perpetuate inflammation, less is known about the molecules and pathways that coordinate the termination of inflammation and facilitate the repair and regeneration of damaged tissues. To evaluate the potential contribution of essential fatty acid-derived mediators in coordinating this life saving response we interrogated inflammatory exudates obtained following self-limited inflammatory challenge. Using radio-isotope tracking we found th
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Jiang, Feng, Harald Saathoff, and Junwei Song. "Optical properties, chemical characterization and loss pathways of brown carbon molecules in rural Germany." In Goldschmidt2023. European Association of Geochemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2023.19852.

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Pelevkin, V. A., and A. S. Sharipov. "REACTION KINETICS OF CH4 AND C2H6 WITH O2 IN EXCITED ELECTRONIC STATES: REACTION PATHWAYS AND RATE CONSTANTS." In 9TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NONEQUILIBRIUM PROCESSES, PLASMA, COMBUSTION, AND ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA. TORUS PRESS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30826/nepcap9a-04.

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Quantum chemical study with the use of the multireference state-averaged complete active space self-consistent field approach was carried out to explore the reactions of CH4 and C2H6 molecules with O2 in different electronic states highly relevant for plasma-assisted combustion and plasma-chemical fuel reforming.
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Ekoue-Kovi, K., and W. Jakubowski. "The Design of Green Molecules for Demulsification." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-23886-ms.

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Abstract New chemistries are needed to address the negative environmental impact of currently used demulsifier (DMO) formulations especially when used offshore to separate water from crude oil emulsions. The goal of the study was to synthesize new eco-friendly molecules with targeted environmental profile, which behave as DMOs and develop a better understanding of chemical structure – biodegradation and toxicity relationships. Different synthetic pathways were employed to assess the possibility of synthesizing molecules with specific biodegradation kinetics, acceptable toxicity as well as high
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PELEVKIN, A. V., and A. S. SHARIPOV. "REACTION KINETICS OF CH4 AND C2H6 WITH O2 IN EXCITED ELECTRONIC STATES:REACTION PATHWAYS AND RATE CONSTANTS." In 9th International Symposium on Nonequilibrium Processes, Plasma, Combustion, and Atmospheric Phenomena. TORUS PRESS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30826/nepcap9b-03.

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Quantum chemical study with the use of the multireference state-averaged complete active space self-consistent field approach was carried out to explore the reactions of CH4 and C2H6 molecules with O2 in dfferent electronic states relevant for plasma-assisted combustion and plasma-chemical fuel reforming. The thermodynamically and kinetically favorable reaction pathways and possibilities of intersystem crossings have been detected. The key energy barriers were refined employing the extended multiconfiguration quasi-degenerate second-order perturbation theory. These results were compared with t
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Zhu, Xiaoyang. "Laser Probe Of Surface Reaction Dynamics." In Laser Applications to Chemical and Environmental Analysis. Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/lacea.1998.ltub.5.

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Understanding surface chemical kinetics is essential to the advancement of the frontiers of many vital technologies, such as semiconductor device fabrication and heterogeneous catalysis. This indisputable driving force, along with the rapid development of a large repertoire of atomic, molecular, and structural sensitive surface probes, has been responsible for the built-up of an immense literature on the chemical pathways and kinetics of a large number of molecules on an equally large number of solid surfaces. A typical example of a surface chemical study may involve the identification of surf
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Reports on the topic "Protective chemical molecules and pathways"

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Chamovitz, Daniel A., and Zhenbiao Yang. Chemical Genetics of the COP9 Signalosome: Identification of Novel Regulators of Plant Development. United States Department of Agriculture, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7699844.bard.

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This was an exploratory one-year study to identify chemical regulators of the COP9 signalosome. Chemical Genetics uses small molecules to modify or disrupt the function of specific genes/proteins. This is in contrast to classical genetics, in which mutations disrupt the function of genes. The underlying concept is that the functions of most proteins can be altered by the binding of a chemical, which can be found by screening large libraries for compounds that specifically affect a biological, molecular or biochemical process. In addition to screens for chemicals which inhibit specific biologic
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Morin, Shai, Gregory Walker, Linda Walling, and Asaph Aharoni. Identifying Arabidopsis thaliana Defense Genes to Phloem-feeding Insects. United States Department of Agriculture, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7699836.bard.

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The whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is a serious agricultural pest that afflicts a wide variety of ornamental and vegetable crop species. To enable survival on a great diversity of host plants, whiteflies must have the ability to avoid or detoxify numerous different plant defensive chemicals. Such toxins include a group of insect-deterrent molecules called glucosinolates (GSs), which also provide the pungent taste of Brassica vegetables such as radish and cabbage. In our BARD grant, we used the whitefly B. tabaci and Arabidopsis (a Brassica plant model) defense mutants and transgenic lines, to gain
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Sessa, Guido, and Gregory Martin. A functional genomics approach to dissect resistance of tomato to bacterial spot disease. United States Department of Agriculture, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7695876.bard.

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The research problem. Bacterial spot disease in tomato is of great economic importance worldwide and it is particularly severe in warm and moist areas affecting yield and quality of tomato fruits. Causal agent of spot disease is the Gram-negative bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv), which can be a contaminant on tomato seeds, or survive in plant debris and in association with certain weeds. Despite the economic significance of spot disease, plant protection against Xcvby cultural practices and chemical control have so far proven unsuccessful. In addition, breeding for resist
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Rafaeli, Ada, Wendell Roelofs, and Anat Zada Byers. Identification and gene regulation of the desaturase enzymes involved in sex-pheromone biosynthesis of pest moths infesting grain. United States Department of Agriculture, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7613880.bard.

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The original objectives of the approved proposal included: 1. Establishment of the biosynthetic pathways for pheromone production using labeled precursors and GC-MS. 2. The elucidation of a circadian regulation of key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway. 3. The identification, characterization and confirmation of functional expression of the delta-desaturases. 4. The identification of gene regulatory processes involved in the expression of the key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway. Background to the topic: Moths constitute one of the major groups of pest insects in agriculture and their repr
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Kumar, Aishani, Thendral Yalini, and Sunil Kumar C. Unlocking Cellular Control: The Promise of PROTACs in Disease Intervention. Science Reviews - Biology, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.57098/scirevs.biology.3.2.1.

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Abstract:
The discovery of proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) is among the most exciting and promising avenues in cancer therapy. These fascinating compounds signify a paradigm shift from traditional approaches to medication development, offering a new idea that leverages the complexities of biological mechanisms to accomplish highly focused degradation of particular proteins implicated in pathological processes. This novel strategy has the potential to address a number of drawbacks with conventional therapy techniques, such as the development of drug resistance and unexpected adverse effects resu
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