Relevant bibliographies by topics / Protectoraten

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Protectoraten'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Protectoraten"

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Moukhtar, Ibrahim, Abdelkhalek A. Ibrahim, Tarek Abou El Seoud, and Seham Mostafa. "Assessment of the Environmental Carrying Capacity for Protected Areas: A Study of Petrified Forest and Hassanah Dome, the Great Cairo." Environmental Research, Engineering and Management 76, no. 4 (December 18, 2020): 106–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.76.4.26665.

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The research aims to quantify the environmental carrying capacity of both Petrified Forest Protectorate in East Greater Cairo and Hassanah Dome Protectorate in West Greater Cairo, with their sustainable use and preservation. The environmental carrying capacity works as a sustainable method not to exceed the environmental limits of nature reserves or in other words, the number of visitors does not exceed the maximum allowed for visiting the reserve. The methodology used in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has been used. The elements of the methodology are at 3 levels, namely, physical carrying capacity (PCC), which depends on the optimal rate of space used per capita and open period, real carrying capacity (RCC), which depends on environmental and social factors, and effective carrying capacity (ECC), which depends on administrative and operational capacity. The results of the research found that the Petrified Forest Protectorate (East of Greater Cairo) accommodates 186,286 visitor per day, and Hassanah Dome Protectorate (West of Greater Cairo) accommodates 26,612 visitor per day. In addition to assessing the level of the ecological carrying capacity index (ECCI), which measures the extent of support for the population and its activities, and by comparing the total environmental carrying capacity of the two protectorates that reached 212,898 visitors per day with the population of Greater Cairo (Cairo Governorate and Giza Governorate), which reached 17 million (Capmas, 2017), it was found that the environmental carrying capacity of the two protectorates is not sufficient to support recreational activities and environmental tourism for people of Greater Cairo.
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Willis, John M. "MAKING YEMEN INDIAN: REWRITING THE BOUNDARIES OF IMPERIAL ARABIA." International Journal of Middle East Studies 41, no. 1 (February 2009): 38a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743808090466.

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This article argues that the Aden Protectorate constituted one of the westernmost parts of India in terms of its political–legal identity and its place in the cultural project of imperial India. Although the port of Aden was governed as part of the Bombay Presidency until 1937, the tribes of the Aden Protectorate were treated as independent native states similar to the princely states of India. Using the sultanate of Lahj as a case study, the article shows the extent to which the colonial state used the Indian model to elaborate a history of the sultanate as an independent political entity, a status that was then institutionalized in historical texts, ethnographic knowledge, and state rituals. The article concludes with an analysis of the protectorate's participation in the 1903 Coronation Durbar in Delhi as a means of demonstrating its place in the British imagination of a socially and politically fragmented India that extended beyond geographical South Asia.
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Davis, Bradley C. "Black Flag Rumors and the Black River Basin: Powerbrokers and the State in the Tonkin-China Borderlands." Journal of Vietnamese Studies 6, no. 2 (2011): 16–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/vs.2011.6.2.16.

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In 1890, Qing authorities in Yunnan Province found themselves faced with a rebellion led by Ngụy Danh Cao, the leader of a group of refugees from northern Tonkin. Proclaiming himself a former commander in the Black Flag Army, and thus an ally of the Qing government, Ngụy Danh Cao led several thousand refugees into Muäng La, a Tai area bordering the newly delineated Tonkin Protectorate. Within six months, he attempted to seize control of Muäng La. His failed rebellion and eventual capture revealed not only the plasticity of the Tonkin-China borderline, but also the Protectorate's reliance on personal networks in its projection of authority.
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TARNAOUI, Moulay Mohamed. "LE FLE ET LE SYSTÈME SCOLAIRE: QUEL(S) STATUT(S) EN DIDACTIQUE DES LANGUES AU MAROC?" FRANCISOLA 1, no. 2 (March 1, 2017): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/francisola.v1i2.5553.

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RÉSUMÉ. La langue française au Maroc appelle aujourd'hui plusieurs interrogations qui portent sur le statut, la priorité et les problèmes dans le système scolaire marocain. Le Français est officiellement présent au Maroc depuis le début du protectorat français en 1912, son statut a évolué au fil du temps : de langue officielle sous le protectorat, elle est devenue la première langue étrangère obligatoire dans le système scolaire. . Il est indéniable que les appellations relatives aux fonctions de cette langue divergent et témoignent de la complexité de la situation linguistique dans un pays où la veine plurilingue est un atout et non pas un handicap. Pourtant, il existe une assez grande imprécision au niveau des discours sur cette langue fréquemment saisie comme « langue privilégiée », mais qui cherche à accéder à un statut de reconnaissance et dont les emplois semblent très hétérogènes. Mots-clés: français langue étrangère, français langue seconde, statut, système scolaire marocain. ABSTRACT. The French Language in Morocco calls for many questions which revolve around its status, the priority and the problems in the Moroccan school system. French has been officially present in Morocco since the beginning of the French Protectorate back in 1912. Its status has evolved through the time: from an official language under the protectorate, it has become the first compulsory foreign language in the school system. It’s undeniable that the calls relative to the functions of this language divert and witness of the complexity of the linguistic situation in a country where the multilingual veins an asset rather than a defection. Nonetheless, there is quite a big imprecision in the level of discourse on this language frequently referred to as « privileged » language but which seeks to access to a status of acknowledgment and the uses of which seem very heterogeneous. Keywords: French foreign language, French second language, Moroccan educational system, status.
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Swearingen, Will D. "In Pursuit of the Granary of Rome: France's Wheat Policy in Morocco, 1915–1931." International Journal of Middle East Studies 17, no. 3 (August 1985): 347–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002074380002924x.

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Acquiring a colony and making a colonial venture profitable are two very different affairs. Throughout the French protectorate period in Morocco (1912–1956), there was a sizable gap between colonial aspirations and realizations. Later, political and economic factors would be the primary cause. During the first two decades, however, this gap was caused by colonial idealism and ignorance of Moroccan environmental realities. French colonization in Morocco and the protectorate's first agricultural policy were based on legend rather than on sound economic logic. This article analyzes France's “wheat policy” in Morocco—the manifestation of a misguided colonial vision. Its purpose is both to help explain French colonialism in Morocco, and to paint the historical backdrop to modern irrigation agriculture in this country.
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Bouyahya, Driss. "Colonial vs Colonized Counter-Hegemonies: Two Vistas of Moroccan Educational Models." International Journal of Language and Literary Studies 2, no. 4 (December 26, 2020): 187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v2i4.423.

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Both France and Spain used schooling as a vehicle in service of colonization during the Protectorate era in Morocco, whereas Moroccans retaliated with counter-hegemonic tools to resist and interrogate imposed educational models in order to implement their oppositional agendas. Thus, the paper is threefold: it attempts to revisit and sketch out both colonial policies in education with their ramifications, while outlining and analyzing their strengths and limitations. The study also seeks to investigate how Moroccans establish resistance movements to react to the newly-imposed colonial hegemonies, such as free schools and reformed traditional Qur’anic schools (Msids), discussing their goals, structures, success and failure. Finally, the paper explores colonial education as a site of interaction or “contact zones” between French and Spanish colonizers and elite Moroccan Muslims and Nationalists who sought to counter the processes of acculturation, marginalization and subalternization. The study covers the Moroccan schooling system from 1912 to 1956. The study dwelled on the congruity of education as an ideological apparatus to shape identity and/or dominate in a battlefield over power between the Protectorate powers and the Moroccan nationalists, who made use of different discourses as an instrument of power. This essay unravels some conclusions that both French and Spanish Protectorates utilized different vistas to establish and sustain their hegemonies through education and instruction, such as Franco-Berber schools and Spanish-Arab/Spanish-Jewish schools respectively. While, Moroccan Muslims and nationalists countered the former hegemonies through creating a free-school system and reforming traditional Qur´anic schools.
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Hoffman, Katherine E. "Purity and Contamination: Language Ideologies in French Colonial Native Policy in Morocco." Comparative Studies in Society and History 50, no. 3 (June 25, 2008): 724–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417508000315.

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Among French scholars and administrators during the French Protectorate of Morocco (1912–1956), especially prior to World War II, there was both a great belief in, and widespread suspicion of, a group's language as a reliable indicator of its ethnicity. Legend among the Ida ou Zeddout Berber people of southwestern Morocco holds that Captain Ropars, who ran the French Protectorate's Anti-Atlas mountain military post in Igherm from 1949–1954, not only spoke the Tashelhit Berber language, but also ordered the local men to do so under threat of imprisonment. “You're Ishelhin (Tashelhit speakers),” he allegedly told people in this collective memory as recounted to me. “You should speak Tashelhit, not Arabic.” The widespread eighteenth- and nineteenth- century idea of Volkgeist (‘soul of the folk’) that Ropars evoked has become commonplace today. A group's language is often considered to function as what Herder called the “treasury of the thought of an entire people” and “the mirror of its history, its deeds, joys and sorrows” (in Bauman and Briggs 2003: 169–70; see also Lorcin 1999: 44), and even what Abbey Condillac earlier called the “genius of each people” (Steedly 1996: 447). Captain Ropars followed Samuel Johnson's claim that identifying languages was the same as identifying “nations,” and, as Irvine and Gal paraphrase, “a logical first step in comparing, understanding, and ordering [nations'] relations to each other and to Europeans” (2000: 50). Yet, other French Protectorate administrators and scholars saw the link between language and primordial ethnicity as false, since histories of language use may be obscured or simply uninterrogated by a group's members.
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Hoffman, Katherine E. "Berber Law by French Means: Customary Courts in the Moroccan Hinterlands, 1930–1956." Comparative Studies in Society and History 52, no. 4 (October 2010): 851–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417510000484.

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As the French conquered Muslim lands in their nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century quest for empire, they encountered multiple and sometimes mixed judicial systems among the native populations. In many places, legal codes were shaped by eitherfiqh, meaning Islamic law, one component of which is customary law, or by non-Islamic custom, or some combination of the two. To administer native justice in French colonies and protectorates, officials sorted through this multiplicity in order to standardize procedures, principles, and punishments. The standardization of customary law codes, whether written or oral prior to submission to themakhzan(the central Moroccan government, lit. “storehouse”) under the Protectorate, required that French officials both maintain pre-contact codes and create new institutions to administer and monitor them. Through new judicial bureaucracies, the French transformed indigenous law. Customary law was a “residual category” in the sense that it consisted of what remained after colonial powers ferreted out what they considered morally offensive and politically objectionable. Legal codification involved what Vincent calls “a compromise between those recognized as leading elements in indigenous societies and the colonial administrators who co-opted them.” Yet customary law, “if understood as allowing local people to do their own cultural ‘thing,’ should also be understood to have been a carefully restricted fragment of ‘tradition.’” This tradition when manifest as customary law “implies that there is a different kind of law with which it can be contrasted,” making customary law “the ongoing product of encounters between subordinate local political entities and dominant overarching ones.” In such encounters the distinction made between custom and law has long preoccupied legal historians, as well as anthropologists, colonial administrators, and importantly, lay people. Throughout French African colonies and protectorates, this distinction was key to the French usurpation of social institutions, as was true in British overseas territories as well.
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Marchán, Jesús. "Una avanzadilla malograda: colonización oficial y propiedad inmueble en el protectorado español de Marruecos (1912-1956)." Historia Agraria. Revista de agricultura e historia rural 75 (June 1, 2018): 167–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.26882/histagrar.075e07m.

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From a perspective of land management and occupation, this article focusses on the impact of the officially-sponsored colonization of the Spanish Protectorate of Northern Morocco (1912-1956). Using sources in the Archivo General de la Administración and the protectorate’s Bulletin of Acts and Decrees to examine farming activities and property rights, this research mainly analyzes the land distribution work of the specialized Spanish institutions that were introduced into northern Morocco. Our starting point is that Spanish colonialism in Morocco was poorly planned and insufficiently prepared, resulting in negative consequences for the agricultural efforts of the Spanish colonist farmers. Spanish society had a distorted or biased view of the Moroccan people around the year 1900, which undermined the efficacy of colonial action even though misinformation gradually diminished in the following decade. The war against the Rif resistance movement and the continuous lack of financial means contributed to the failure of this initiative. It had an especially negative impact among settlers, who were largely unsuccessful on their farms and in many cases never received the promised official support or resources
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Abdelkader, Abdelmalik El Barkani. "Algunos aspectos de la acción sanitaria durante el Protectorado de España en Marruecos." Aldaba, no. 39 (December 15, 2017): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/aldaba.39.2014.20556.

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En este artículo se realiza un pequeño repaso de la acción sanitaria de España en la zona norte de Marruecos durante el Protectorado. Se aborda el origen y la organización del Protectorado, tanto política como administrativamente, para a continuación referirse a la situación sanitaria en Marruecos antes del inicio de la acción protectora. Posteriormente se analiza la organización sanitaria que España creó en esta zona y fundamentalmente en dos secciones: Los servicios de la Dirección General y las luchas y campañas sanitarias. El artículo finaliza recordando cuáles fueron los resultados obtenidos y cuál la situación médica y sanitaria de Marruecos al independizarse este país en 1956.This article presents a brief review of what has been the sanitary action that Spain has carried out in the northern region of Morocco during the Protectorate. It deals with the origin and the Protectorate’s organization, both political and administratively, afterwards to refer to the situation in Morocco before the beginning of the protective action. Subsequently, it analyses the sanitary organisation Spain created within this area and fundamentally within these two sections: Services of general management and sanitary campaigns. In conclusion, the article records the final results and what the medically sanitary situation was when they became independent in 1956.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Protectoraten"

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Villanova, José Luis. "La organización política, administrativa y territorial del Protectorado de España en Marruecos (1912-1956). El papel de las Intervenciones." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/108616.

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This doctoral thesis analyses the political and administrative organization that was introduced by Spanish administrators in Morocco for the establishment of the Protectorate. The first part provides an overview of the research on the relationship between geography and colonialism. The second part is devoted to contextualize historically and geographically the Spanish Protectorate in Morocco. The third part analyses the protectorate system characteristics among existing models of colonial administration in the early twentieth century and its realization in the Moroccan case. The fourth part discusses the metropolitan administrative organization that managed the Spanish colonial policy in Morocco and the administrative structures that Spain created in the area for its development. It also delves into the evolution of Interventions and Land Organization and the structure of the Sherifian Empire. The last part of the thesis deals with the analysis of the Interventions
En esta tesis se analiza la organización política-administrativa que implantaron los administradores españoles en el territorio de Marruecos con la intención de desarrollar el Protectorado. En la primera parte se ofrece una visión de las líneas de investigación sobre las relaciones entre la geografía y el colonialismo. La segunda parte se dedica a contextualizar histórica y geográficamente el Protectorado español en Marruecos. En la tercera parte se analizan las características del sistema de protectorado entre los modelos de administración colonial existentes a principios de siglo XX y su concreción en el caso marroquí. En la cuarta parte se analiza la organización administrativa metropolitana encargada de dirigir la política colonial española en Marruecos y las estructuras administrativas que España creó en la Zona para desarrollarla. También se profundiza en la evolución de la organización de las Intervenciones y del ordenamiento territorial, y se presenta la estructura del Imperio jerifiano en vísperas del establecimiento del Protectorado y la organización majzeniana que levantaron las autoridades españolas en la Zona. En la última parte se aborda el análisis de las Intervenciones
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Ousmanou, Zourmba. "La conservation et la valorisation des vestiges du protectorat allemand dans la ville de Douala (Cameroun)." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/23697.

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La question de la valorisation des vestiges du protectorat allemand à Douala s’inscrit dans le champ du patrimoine, plus précisément et si l’on emprunte le terme à la littérature anglo-saxon, du patrimoine dissonant. Il s’agit d’une catégorie d’héritage de l’histoire dont la signification fait l’objet de débat et d’interprétations diverses, voire antagonistes. Malgré l’existence de plusieurs éléments servant de trace de la présence allemande dans la ville de Douala, l’intégration dudit héritage à signification équivoque semble pâtir d’une politique culturelle emprunte d’authenticité et d’objectifs d’unité et d’identité nationales. Héritant d’un modèle culturel plus adapté à l’Occident, le Cameroun postcolonial a d’abord voulu mettre au second plan, certains vestiges de son histoire, au profit de la recherche d’éléments patrimoniaux propre au terroir, dans une logique de dualité entre le local et l’externe. Aussi, dans un contexte de pluralité ethnoculturelle, cette politique de l’authenticité a consumé les énergies qui devraient servir à la mise en valeur du patrimoine culturel dans son ensemble. Néanmoins, l’absence d’une mise en patrimoine d’une bonne partie du legs colonial s’explique par les rapports à la mémoire coloniale. En effet, si l’Allemagne, après avoir perdu son protectorat Camerounais dans le contexte de la Première Guerre Mondiale, a manifesté une volonté de préserver son héritage extérieur à travers notamment les mouvements germanophiles, il n’en demeure pas moins que le poids de la responsabilité de la Deuxième Guerre Mondiale a conduit à une amnésie vis-à-vis du passé colonial, que certain ont voulu idéalisé, afin d’atténuer ses conséquences éventuelles. Dans ce contexte, il faut attendre l’année 2003, pour que se déclenche une rétrospection allemande sur la question coloniale. D’un autre côté, portée par une ambition de francisation du Cameroun, la France a oeuvré à l’effacement des traces de la présence allemande dans la ville de Douala. S’agissant des Camerounais, les vestiges du colonialisme allemand symbolisent tantôt les douloureuses expériences des travaux forcés, des coups de fouet et des assassinats, parfois des progrès économiques relatifs que le Cameroun aurait réalisés au cours de la période du protectorat allemand. Dès lors, il y a nécessité de convaincre les plus sceptiques, sur la nécessité de préserver les vestiges historiques, au moyen d’approches diversifiées. Ces approches pourraient inclure une didactique du patrimoine, une protection juridique par l’inscription des vestiges historiques au titre officiel de monuments, ainsi que via des projets portés vers des objectifs de développement local; Abstract: The issue of the conservation and the enhancement of the German protectorate’s remains in Douala fits in the field of heritage, specifically the dissonant heritage. This is a category of heritage concerning the legacy of history the significance of which is different depending on the groups of interest. Despite the existence of several elements serving as traces of the German colonial presence in the city of Douala, the integration of such heritage with ambiguous meaning seems to suffer from a cultural policy that focus on authenticity and objectives of building national unity and national identity. Inheriting a cultural model most suitable to the Western countries, post-colonial Cameroon first wanted to put in the background of its cultural heritage, some remnants of its history, in a logic of duality between the local and the external. Also, in a context of ethno cultural diversity, this authenticity policy consumed the energies that should be used for the enhancement of the cultural heritage as a whole. However, the absence of a cultural enhancement of much of the colonial legacies could also be explained by relations to the colonial memory. Indeed, if Germany, after losing its Cameroonian protectorate in the context of the First World War, has expressed a desire to preserve his legacy abroad, especially through the germanophile movements, it is not less that the weight of the responsibility of the Second World War led to an amnesia towards the colonial past, that some wanted to idealized in order to mitigate its potential consequences. In this context, it has taken until the year 2003, for Germany to assume a retrospection on its colonial past. On the other hand, driven by an ambition of francization of Cameroon, France worked in erasing the traces of the German presence in the city of Douala. Regarding the colonial memories for Cameroonians, the remains of German colonialism sometimes symbolize the painful experiences of forced work, lashes and assassinations, as well as occasionally these remains are perceived as the symbol of some economic progress that Cameroon would have made during the period of the German protectorate. Therefore, there is a need to convince the most skeptical about the necessity to preserve the historical remains, through diverse approaches. These approaches could include a heritage didactics, legal protection by registration of the historical relics to the official title of monuments, as well as through local development oriented projects.
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Jones, S. E. "Composition and activity of the protectorate parliaments." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380689.

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Yousif, Abdullah Salih. "British policy in Aden Protectorate, 1919-1955." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272398.

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Znaien, Nessim Yoann Aly. "Les raisins de la domination : histoire sociale de l’alcool en Tunisie à l’époque du Protectorat (1881-1956)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H109.

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La présente thèse interroge l'influence de la colonisation française dans la culture alimentaire en Tunisie sous le Protectorat (1881-1956). Nous avons choisi de nous concentrer sur l'alcool, et nous tentons plus précisément, de savoir s'il y a une alcoolisation de la Tunisie sous le Protectorat français (1881-1956), c'est-à dire une augmentation du volume d'alcool consommé et un nouvel intérêt pour ce produit dans la société tunisienne. Pour cela, nous interrogeons les sources journalistiques, littéraires, judiciaires, policières, hospitalières, ainsi que la correspondance de la haute administration. Ces différents documents nous permettent de mieux définir la mise en place d'une industrie agro-alimentaire viticole en Tunisie avec la colonisation française, les différents réseaux commerciaux d'écoulement des alcools, ainsi que les différentes habitudes de consommation. Dans ce dernier domaine, les métissages alimentaires, les tentatives de prohibition, les résistances ainsi que les acculturations en matière de consommation d'alcool sont interrogés. La mise en lumière de ces sociétés liées à l'alcool, des producteurs aux consommateurs, permet d'interroger des rapports sociaux à l'œuvre dans la société tunisienne de l'époque, qui sont autant de rapport de domination ou d'échange entre différents individus, non nécessairement liés à l'entreprise coloniale
This PHD deals with the influence of the French colonizers on food culture in Tunisia during the French Protectorate (1881-1956). I chose to focus on alcohol and to try to know if an improvement of alcohol consumption and of the public interest from the elites can be noted, for example for public drunkenness. For it, I use different archives from newspapers, novels, judicial, police and hospitals administrations and I read different letters exchanged by the high administration. Thanks to these documents, I try to define the implementation of a wine industry in Tunisia in the beginning of colonization. Secondly, I try to understand more the different alcohol trade networks and consumption habits at that time. For habits consumption I question the different cultural mixing, attempts to prohibit alcohol, acculturations and resistances. These different questions are some ways to look at social groups, from producers to alcohol consumers, and to examine social exchanged or dominances reports, not always linked with the phenomenon of colonization
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Mohamed, Jama. "Constructing colonial hegemony in the Somaliland protectorate, 1941-1960." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ50037.pdf.

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Arellano-López, Sonia. "The social construction of trade in the Bechuanaland Protectorate." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2008.

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Holberton, Edward. "Poetry and the Cromwellian protectorate : culture, politics, and institutions /." Oxford : Oxford university press, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41310920f.

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Woodford, Benjamin. "Oliver Cromwell and the Print Culture of the Interregnum." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/695.

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Makgala, Christian John. "The policy of indirect rule in Bechuanaland Protectorate, 1926-57." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272073.

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Books on the topic "Protectoraten"

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Smyrek, Daniel Sven. Internationally administered territories--international protectorates?: An analysis of sovereignty over internationally administered territories with special reference to the legal status of post-war Kosovo. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 2006.

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Carriger, Gail. The parasol protectorate. [Rantoul, Ill.]: SFBC Fantasy, 2011.

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The Cromwellian Protectorate. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, 2002.

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1969-, Little Patrick, ed. The Cromwellian Protectorate. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell, 2007.

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Commonwealth to Protectorate. London: Phoenix Press, 2000.

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The Gaysh: A history of the Aden Protectorate Levies 1927-61 and the Federal Regular Army of South Arabia 1961-67. Solihull: Helion, 2003.

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Territorial leasing in diplomacy and international law. Leiden: Brill Nijhoff, 2015.

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Liu, Jingzhen. Zhongguo de fan shu. Taibei Shi: Tu wen chu ban she, 1987.

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Rivet, Daniel. Lyautey et l'institution du Protectorat français au Maroc, 1912-1925. Paris: L'Harmattan, 1988.

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Contrevérité: Monarchie, protectorat, république. [Tunis]: KA' Éditions, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Protectoraten"

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Hutton, Ronald. "The Protectorate." In The British Republic 1649–1660, 58–113. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20714-5_3.

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Marlowe, John. "The Protectorate." In Anglo - Egyptian Relations 1800-1956, 212–50. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003347071-9.

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Lockyer, Roger, and Peter Gaunt. "Commonwealth and Protectorate." In Tudor and Stuart Britain 1485–1714, 433–65. Fourth edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY: Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429459856-16.

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Hutton, Ronald. "From Protectorate to Monarchy." In The British Republic 1649–1660, 114–32. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20714-5_4.

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Zagorin, Perez. "Theorists of the Protectorate." In A History of Political Thought in the English Revolution, 87–95. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003383413-7.

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Macinnes, Allan I. "Commonwealth and Protectorate, 1651–1660." In The British Revolution, 1629–1660, 193–226. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-87982-3_7.

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Mendlesohn, Farah. "The Commonwealth and the Protectorate." In Creating Memory, 223–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54537-6_10.

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Coffman, D’Maris. "The Protectorate Excise, 1654–1659." In Excise Taxation and the Origins of Public Debt, 129–56. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137371553_6.

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HOFFMANN, GERHARD. "PROTECTORATES." In Encyclopedia of Disputes Installment 10, 336–39. Elsevier, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-86241-9.50085-3.

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"Protectorate." In Sir Matthew Hale, 1609–1676, 74–88. Cambridge University Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511720994.006.

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Conference papers on the topic "Protectoraten"

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Vergara-Muñoz, Jaime, and Miguel Martínez-Monedero. "Bab Tut de la medina de Tetuán (Marruecos): estudio y datos para su conservación." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11489.

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Abstract:
Bab Tut of the medina of Tetouan (Morocco): study and data for its conservationAt the beginning of the Spanish Protectorate in Morocco (1912-1956) the medina of Tetouan, with its walls and gates, was perceived as a fundamental part of the traditional city that was to be conserved. It is interesting to consider, in this sense, the concern that since the war of Tetuan (1859) was to obtain an adequate graphic representation of this architecture. Among the Maps of the Spanish Army Geographical Service are the first drawing that were made (scale 1:100) of the gates of the medina. They are signed by Francisco Gómez Jordana; Alejo Corso and Eduardo Álvarez in 1888. The purpose of this study is to publish the Bab Tut survey and its description. Thanks to this drawing we can know the exact status of the gate before the Spanish occupation and establish a documentary base that facilitates the recovery of this defensive heritage of the city of Tetouan.
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Reports on the topic "Protectoraten"

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Garcia, Victor V. The Campaigns for the Pacification of the Spanish Protectorate in Morocco: a Forgotten Example of Successful Counterinsurgency. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada545164.

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