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Patil, Nitin V., A. V. Bhosale, and M. B. Ubale. "Evaluation for Membrane Stabilizing Activity & Protein Denaturation activity of Leaves of Wrightia tinctoria." International Journal of Pharma Research and Health Sciences 7, no. 3 (2019): 2977–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ijprhs.2019.03.05.
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Rao, Tirupathi, Renuka P, Akhil P, Divya P, and Devi Priyanka P. "EVALUATION OF THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF COMBINATION OF ETHANOL EXTRACTS OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA (NEEM) AND LAWSONIA INERMIS (HENNA)." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 9, no. 5 (2016): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9i5.13474.
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ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Azadirachta indica (neem) and Lawsonia inermis(henna) individual extract and in combination using the same solvent.Methods: The leaf material of A. indica and L. inermis was collected from surroundings of Aditya College of Pharmacy, Kakinada, East Godavari.Powdered material was subjected to successive solvent extraction process. The yield was collected and prepared different concentrations (50, 100,and 200 µg/ml) of plant extracts. Diclofenac sodium was used as standard drug. The anti-inflammatory activity was performed by in vitro methodssuch as albumin denaturation method and human red blood cells membrane lysis method.Results: Denaturation of proteins is a well-documented cause of inflammation. Neem showed a significant membrane stabilizing activity of 46.62%and protein denaturation inhibition activity of 57.32% at concentration of 200 µg/ml. Henna showed a significant membrane stabilizing activityof 39.89% and protein denaturation inhibition activity of 53.75% at 200 µg/ml. In combination, both the extracts showed a significant membranestabilizing activity of 56.63% and protein denaturation inhibition activity of 67.69% at concentration of 200 µg/ml.Conclusion: The present study concluded that combination of A. indica and L. inermis possesses significant anti-inflammatory activity when comparedwith individual extract.Keywords: Anti-inflammatory, Human red blood cell, Protein denaturation, Lawsonia inermis, Azadiracta indica.
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Devi, Chitra, Priya Gouri, Subhashini, Bavatharani, and Bhuvaneswari. "Study on Anti-arthritic and Antimicrobial Activity of Leaves of Mukia maderaspatana on Membrane Stabilization Assay and Egg Albumin Assay." SBV Journal of Basic, Clinical and Applied Health Science 7, no. 3 (2024): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/sbvj.sbvj_9_24.
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Abstract Background and Aim: Arthritis, a chronic inflammatory disorder, and microbial infections substantially affect global health, driving the need for effective natural remedies. This study explores the anti-arthritic and antimicrobial properties of Mukia maderaspatana leaves, traditionally used in folk medicine. Materials and Methods: Anti-inflammatory activity: Assessed using the membrane stabilization assay to evaluate the inhibition of hypotonicity-induced hemolysis in erythrocytes. Anti-arthritic activity: Measured through the egg albumin assay by observing the prevention of protein denaturation. Antimicrobial activity: Evaluated using standard microbial strains to gauge the broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects of M. maderaspatana leaves. Results: Membrane stabilization: Significant inhibition of hypotonicity-induced hemolysis was observed, indicating notable anti-inflammatory activity. Protein denaturation: Reduced denaturation of egg albumin proteins was noted, suggesting potent anti-arthritic properties. Antimicrobial activity: Broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects were demonstrated against standard microbial strains. Conclusion: M. maderaspatana leaves exhibit significant membrane stabilization, reduced protein denaturation, and broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects. These properties indicate their potential as a natural source for developing treatments targeting arthritis and microbial infections.
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K, Ishnava. "Evaluation of Effect on Combination of Five Medicinal Plants Extracts on Denaturation of Protein - A Remedy of Arthritis Disease." International Journal of Pharmacognosy & Chinese Medicine 7, no. 1 (2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ipcm-16000233.
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Arthritis is a type of autoimmune disorder and a major cause of disability throughout the world. Rheumatoid arthritis the denaturation of protein is one of the causes. In our present study, methanolic extract of combination of plant (Tinospora cordifolia (Thunb.) Miers, Curcuma longa L., Pongamia pinnata (L.) Panigrahi, Emblica officinalis L., Piper nigrum L.). Extracts inhibited heat induced protein denaturation and may be one of the reasons of possessing anti-arthritic activity. Methanolic extracts of different formulation for their antiarthritic activity against denaturation of bovine serum albumin. Result and attributed the 15 formulation out of F2 formulation possessed highly denaturation of protein. The denaturation of protein F2formulation presence of active principle such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and terpenoids and HPTLC analysis major 2 bioactive compounds present which are responsible for this activity. GC-MS analysis of methanol extracts identified major bioactive with peak area 36.92 % is maximum in F2 formulation (10mg/10ml). In fact, herbal plants formulation of five plants for the F2 formulation are being used widely as medicine around decades for treatment of arthritic disease. Herbal medicine constitutes important resources for the treatment of arthritis disease.
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Manoharan, Dhinesh kumar. "Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory Activity of Novel Indoline Derivatives." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY 12, no. 12 (2016): 4557–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jac.v12i12.4826.
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Series of indoline derivatives were synthesized using N-(4-aminophenyl) indoline-1-carbothiamide as a precursor. The structures of synthesized compounds were confirmed by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and LC-MS. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of synthesized indoline derivatives were examined by standard anti-denaturation assay. The compounds 4a (IC50 = 62.2 µg/ml) and 4b (IC50 = 60.7 µg/ml) showed potent inhibition on protein denaturation. The compounds 5a (IC50 = 97.8 µg/ml) exhibits moderate inhibition on protein denaturation
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S, Neelima, Bageswari B, Sainath Reddy C, et al. "Investigation of in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity of oxalis latifolia kunth whole plant." Future Journal of Pharmaceuticals and Health Sciences 5, no. 1 (2025): 11–17. https://doi.org/10.26452/fjphs.v5i1.695.
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The primary purpose of the current study was to assess the invitro anti-inflammatory effects of methanolic extract of Oxalis latifolia Kunth (MEOL) using bovine serum and egg albumin protein denaturation method. In this method, anti-inflammatory was evaluated for the methanolic extract of Oxalis latifolia kunth (MEOL) whole plant and standard (Diclofenac sodium) at varying concentrations (100 - 500?g/ml). The bovine serum & egg albumin protein denaturation technique assessed MEOL for its anti-inflammatory activity. In both methods, it was found that an increase in the concentration of MEOL showed growth in the percentage of inhibition. The MEOL activity was compared to standards such as Diclofenac sodium. In this, it was evident that an increase in the concentration MEOL increased's anti-inflammatory activity of MEOL through inhibition of bovine serum & egg albumin protein denaturation. From the results, it was concluded that MEOL whole plant proved to have anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting bovine serum & egg albumin protein denaturation.
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Mrityunjay, Banerjee, Kumar Patro Saroja, Kumar Behera Susanta, et al. "SYNTHESIS & IN-VITRO PROTEIN DENATURATION SCREENING OF 2-[(1, 5-DISUBSTITUTEDPHENYL-4,5-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRAZOL-3-YL)OXY]BENZOIC ACID DERIVATIVES." COMMUNITY PRACTITIONER 20, no. 09 (2023): 280–88. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385165.
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<strong>Abstract</strong> Novel 2-[(1,5-diphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy]benzoic acid (2a) & 2-[5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1-Phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoic acid (2b) were produced and examined for their in-vitro protein denaturation activities. It was discovered that compound 2b showed promise and had more potency than acetylsalicylic acid (NSAID) in inhibiting denaturation of bovine serum albumin. Docking research also supports this. The compound 2b has the highest docking scores with COX1(PDB ID 3N8Z), COX2 (PDB ID 4PH9), and TNF (PDB ID 2AZ5), respectively, of Etotal -233.75, -256.48, and -255.83. TLC and elemental tests were used to determine the compounds' purity. All of the generated molecules' analytical and spectral data (1H NMR, FTIR, and MS) were entirely consistent with the proposed structures.
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P., L. Rajagopal, T. Linsha K., and R. Sreejith K. "Anti-Arthritic Activity of the Leaves of Urena lobata Linn." International Journal of Research and Review 6, no. 1 (2019): 86–89. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3984767.
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A study was carried out to ascertain the in vitro anti-arthritic activity of the aqueous extract of the leaves of Urenalobata. The activity was evaluated by means of protein denaturation method. The aqueous extract of the leaves of the plant produced remarkable anti-arthritic activity and the activity produced was comparable to the activity produced by acetyl salicylic acid which was used as the reference standard during the evaluation.
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S, Neelima. "Investigation of in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity of oxalis latifolia kunth whole plant." Investigation of in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity of oxalis latifolia kunth whole plant 5, no. 1 (2025): 11–17. https://doi.org/10.26452/fjphs.v5i1.695.
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The primary purpose of the current study was to assess the <em>invitro</em> anti-inflammatory effects of methanolic extract of <em>Oxalis latifolia </em>Kunth (MEOL) using bovine serum and egg albumin protein denaturation method. In this method, anti-inflammatory was evaluated for the methanolic extract of <em>Oxalis latifolia </em>kunth (MEOL) whole plant and standard (Diclofenac sodium) at varying concentrations (100 - 500?g/ml). The bovine serum & egg albumin protein denaturation technique assessed MEOL for its anti-inflammatory activity. In both methods, it was found that an increase in the concentration of MEOL showed growth in the percentage of inhibition. The MEOL activity was compared to standards such as Diclofenac sodium. In this, it was evident that an increase in the concentration MEOL increased's anti-inflammatory activity of MEOL through inhibition of bovine serum & egg albumin protein denaturation. From the results, it was concluded that MEOL whole plant proved to have anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting bovine serum & egg albumin protein denaturation.
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Plat, H., B. E. Krenn, and R. Wever. "The bromoperoxidase from the lichen Xanthoria parietina is a novel vanadium enzyme." Biochemical Journal 248, no. 1 (1987): 277–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2480277.
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A novel bromoperoxidase was isolated from the lichen Xanthoria parietina. The enzyme contained vanadium, which is essential for enzymic activity. Under denaturating conditions the preparation showed a single protein band with an Mr of 65,000. Thermal-denaturation studies showed that this bromoperoxidase could tolerate high temperatures. The affinity of the enzyme for its substrate bromide is high; the Km for bromide was 29 microM. Excess halides (50 mM) inhibited enzymic activity considerably.
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Mir, Prince Ahad, Roohi Mohi-u. Din, Mohd Akbar Dar, and Ghulam Nabi Bader. "Anti-inflammatory and Anti-helminthic potential of Methanolic and Aqueous extract of Polygonum alpinum rhizomes." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 3 (2019): 455–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i3.2884.
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Aim: The present research work was carried out to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anthelminthic activity of the extracts of Polygonum alpinum rhizomes. Methods: Fresh rhizomes of the P. alpinum were collected, washed and shade dried. The methanolic and aqueous extracts were first tested for phytochemical screening. In-vitro anti-inflammatory activities of crude extracts were evaluated by HRBC (Human Red Blood Cell) membrane stabilization method and percentage inhibition of protein denaturation method. Similarly anti-helminthic activity was evaluated using earthworms of 6-8 cm in length and 0.3-0.4 cm in width and the results were compared with standard drug Albendazole. Results: Phytochemical analysis of the extract reveals the of presence of Carbohydrates, Cardiac glycosides, Coumarins, proteins, amino acids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, tannins and phenolics. The methanolic extract showed potent membrane stabilizing and significantly inhibit protein denaturation as compared to standard indomethacin. Methanolic extract at the concentration of 125μg/mL showed 81.29% membrane stabilizing activity as compared to aqueous extract 64.72%. Standard indomethacin showed 95.56 % activity at the same concentration. Similarly, methanolic extract at 500μg/mL showed 72.70% inhibition of protein denaturation as compared to aqueous extract 64.72%. Standard indomethacin showed 88.26% inhibition of protein denaturation at the same concentration. Both the methanolic and aqueous extracts showed dose dependent anthelminthic activity as compared to standard Albendazole. Conclusion: These results suggest that both the extracts from P. alpinum have promising anti-inflammatory and anthelmintic activity and that more broadly; plant extracts are a potential rich source of anti-inflammatory and anthelmintics to combat these diseases.
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Westeros Dominic Pereira, Geetha RV, and Lakshmi Thangavelu. "Anti-inflammatory activity of Punica granatum extract on oral microbes - In vitro." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 2 (2019): 1019–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v10i2.375.
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To study the anti-inflammatory effect of Punica granatum extract against the oral microbes. Oral diseases continue to be a major health problem worldwide. Dental caries and periodontal diseases are among the most important global oral health problems, although conditions such as oral and pharyngeal cancers and oral tissue lesions are also significant health concerns. Pomegranate extracts have been used for centuries in traditional medicine to confer health benefits in a number of inflammatory diseases, microbial infections and cancer. The anti-inflammatory activity of pomegranate extract was evaluated by protein denaturation assay, and the results were read spectrophotometrically. Denaturation of proteins is a great‐ documented cause of inflammation. As a part of the investigation on the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory activity, the ability to extract to inhibit protein denaturation was studied. It was effective in inhibiting heat induced albumin denaturation at different concentrations as shown in Table 1. Maximum inhibition, 70.12±1.12% was observed at500µg/ml. IC50 value was found to be 105.35±1.99µg/ml. Aspirin, a standard anti-inflammatory drug showed the maximum inhibition, 77.12±1.42% at the concentration of 200µg/ml. Hence it can be concluded that pomegranate extract has anti-inflammatory property and also can be used in products such as toothpaste and mouth wash etc.
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Kut, Kacper, Grzegorz Bartosz, and Izabela Sadowska-Bartosz. "Denaturation and Digestion Increase the Antioxidant Capacity of Proteins." Processes 11, no. 5 (2023): 1362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11051362.
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It has been estimated and demonstrated that the antioxidant capacity of proteins is increased as a result of digestion in the gastrointestinal tract, which can be contributed by denaturation and digestion. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of denaturation and proteolytic digestion on the antioxidant activity of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and chicken egg white proteins in model systems. Denaturation with an anionic detergent (sodium dodecyl sulfate) and digestion with papain and trypsin increased the antioxidant activity/capacity of the proteins, apparently due to the increased exposure of amino acid residues responsible for the antioxidant activity of proteins (tyrosine, tryptophan, cysteine, histidine, arginine, and cystine in the ABTS● decolorization assay; cysteine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and cystine in the FRAP assay). As the increase in the protein antioxidant activity/capacity was limited in extent, it does not invalidate the use of the antioxidant capacity of proteins to be consumed as a rough measure of their antioxidant capacity after modifications in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Sarimov, Ruslan M., Vladimir N. Binhi, Tatiana A. Matveeva, Nikita V. Penkov, and Sergey V. Gudkov. "Unfolding and Aggregation of Lysozyme under the Combined Action of Dithiothreitol and Guanidine Hydrochloride: Optical Studies." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 5 (2021): 2710. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052710.
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Using a number of optical techniques (interferometry, dynamic light scattering, and spectroscopy), denaturation of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) by treatment with a combination of dithiothreitol (DTT) and guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) has been investigated. The denaturing solutions were selected so that protein denaturation occurred with aggregation (Tris-HCl pH = 8.0, 50 mM, DTT 30 mM) or without aggregation (Tris-HCl pH = 8.0, 50 mM, DTT 30 mM, GdnHCl 6 M) and can be evaluated after 60 min of treatment. It has been found that denatured by solution with 6 M GdnHCl lysozyme completely loses its enzymatic activity after 30 min and the size of the protein molecule increases by 1.5 times, from 3.8 nm to 5.7 nm. Denaturation without of GdnHCl led to aggregation with preserving about 50% of its enzymatic activity. Denaturation of HEWL was examined using interferometry. Previously, it has been shown that protein denaturation that occurs without subsequent aggregation leads to an increase in the refractive index (Δn ~ 4.5 × 10−5). This is most likely due to variations in the HEWL–solvent interface area. By applying modern optical techniques conjointly, it has been possible to obtain information on the nature of time-dependent changes that occur inside a protein and its hydration shell as it undergoes denaturation.
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Lekhni, Soni, K. Gautam Rupesh, and K. Jain Prateek. "Evaluation of anti-arthritic activity of Momordica charantia root by in-vitro models." Pharmaceutical and Chemical Journal 3, no. 2 (2016): 173–77. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13749345.
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The present study is aimed to evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of ethanolic extract of <em>Momordica charantia </em>root<em> </em>(EEMR) by two <em>in-vitro</em> models <em>i. e.</em> human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization and inhibition of protein denaturation. The standard drug was diclofenac sodium. The results of both models showed concentration dependent inhibition of protein (egg albumin) denaturation as well as stabilization towards HRBC membrane. On the basis of present findings, it can be concluded that EEMR showed anti-arthritic activity due to presence of phytocompounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins etc.
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Eto, Masumi, Shuichi Katsuki, Yoshinori Tanaka, and Kosuke Takeya. "Kinase activity-tagged western blotting assay." BioTechniques 68, no. 4 (2020): 211–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/btn-2019-0136.
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Determining cellular activities of protein kinases is a fundamental step for characterizing pathophysiological cell signaling pathways. Here, we optimized a nonradioactive method that detects protein kinases in tissues or cells after separation by SDS-PAGE and transfer onto polyvinylidene fluoride membranes. The method, kinase activity-tagged western blotting (KAT-WB), consists of five steps: electrophoresis of cell extracts that contain protein kinases, electroblotting proteins onto polyvinylidene fluoride membrane, denaturation–renaturation, phosphorylation, with or without an added substrate protein and immunodetection using anti-phospho-specific antibodies. KAT-WB detected autophosphorylation of one Tyr-kinase and site-specific phosphorylation of added substrate by multiple kinases. KAT-WB assay enables us to interrogate multiple kinase signaling pathways without using radioactive ATP.
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Nirmala, Annisa Rizka, Lina Permatasari, Handa Muliasari, and Rizqa Fersiyana Deccati. "Review: analysis of optimal conditions of bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein denaturation inhibition method in anti-inflammatory activity testing of various plant leaf extracts." Journal of Agritechnology and Food Processing 3, no. 2 (2023): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/jafp.v3i2.20953.
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Inflammation is a manifestation of the immune response to eliminate antigens and a process to respond to tissue damage. There are various drugs to control and suppress inflammation, referred to as anti-inflammatory agents. One method to test anti-inflammatory activity is the inhibition of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) protein denaturation. This review article will discuss the stages and optimal conditions in the inhibition of BSA protein denaturation method using various leaf extract samples. Literature was gathered from several journal database websites such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar with keywords "anti-inflammatory," "inhibition of BSA protein denaturation," and "leaf extract," spanning publication years from 2002 to 2023. The results of anti-inflammatory activity tests can be expressed as either percentage inhibition or IC50 values. Optimal conditions were obtained by preparing a 0.2% BSA solution with Tris Buffer Saline (TBS), maintaining a 9:1 composition ratio between the BSA solution and the sample, and heating at an optimal denaturation temperature of 70 °C. Before conducting tests using this method, it is crucial to ensure that the suspected active compounds with anti-inflammatory activity are not degraded at this heating temperature.
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Iftode, C., and J. A. Borowiec. "Denaturation of the simian virus 40 origin of replication mediated by human replication protein A." Molecular and Cellular Biology 17, no. 7 (1997): 3876–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.17.7.3876.
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The initiation of simian virus 40 (SV40) replication requires recognition of the viral origin of replication (ori) by SV40 T antigen, followed by denaturation of ori in a reaction dependent upon human replication protein A (hRPA). To understand how origin denaturation is achieved, we constructed a 48-bp SV40 "pseudo-origin" with a central 8-nucleotide (nt) bubble flanked by viral sequences, mimicking a DNA structure found within the SV40 T antigen-ori complex. hRPA bound the pseudo-origin with similar stoichiometry and an approximately fivefold reduced affinity compared to the binding of a 48-nt single-stranded DNA molecule. The presence of hRPA not only distorted the duplex DNA flanking the bubble but also resulted in denaturation of the pseudo-origin substrate in an ATP-independent reaction. Pseudo-origin denaturation occurred in 7 mM MgCl2, distinguishing this reaction from Mg2+-independent DNA-unwinding activities previously reported for hRPA. Tests of other single-stranded DNA-binding proteins (SSBs) revealed that pseudo-origin binding correlates with the known ability of these SSBs to support the T-antigen-dependent origin unwinding activity. Our results suggest that hRPA binding to the T antigen-ori complex induces the denaturation of ori including T-antigen recognition sequences, thus releasing T antigen from ori to unwind the viral DNA. The denaturation activity of hRPA has the potential to play a significant role in other aspects of DNA metabolism, including DNA repair.
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Fitriana, Mariama, Wahida Hajrin, Windah Anugrah Subaidah, Sucilawaty Ridwan, and Eskarani Tri Pratiwi. "Uji Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Etanol Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) Secara In Vitro." Jurnal Biologi Tropis 24, no. 2b (2024): 239–47. https://doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v24i2b.8105.
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Angelica keiskei has potential as an anti-inflammatory agent because it contains chalcone which has been proven to be able to suppress inflammation through inhibiting nitric oxide production and inhibiting the expression of the iNOS and COX-2. The anti-inflammatory potential of Angelica keiskei needs to be tested. This study aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of Angelica keiskei ethanol extract using the protein denaturation inhibition method. Angelica keiskei was extracted using the sonication method with 96% ethanol. The extract was tested for anti-inflammatory activity using the protein denaturation inhibition method with diclofenac sodium as a positive control. The percent of inflammatory inhibition is used to assess sample activity. The results showed that the percent of inflammatory inhibition of Angelica keiskei ethanol extract increased as the test concentration increased. The maximum percent inhibition was obtained at a concentration of 1.5% with the percent of inflammatory inhibition value of 23.14% ± 0.05. Angelica keiskei ethanol extract has anti-inflammatory activity based on in vitro testing using the protein denaturation inhibition method.
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Kaur, Samanjit, M. Syed Ali, V. Anuradha, V. Suganya, A. Ashashalini, and P. Bhuvana. "In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of mangrove plant Rhizophora mucronata Lam. (Malpighiales: Rhizophoraceae)." Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences 5, no. 10 (2018): 417–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21472/bjbs.051018.
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In the present study, analysis of in vitro inflammatory showed whole plant of Rhizophora mucronata Lam. (Malpighiales: Rhizophoraceae) can be the potent source. The data from this study showed that the R. mucronata leaf, bark and root extract could serve as an important anti-inflammatory agent. Moreover, among the three extracts, the stilt root and leaves extract showed highest anti inflammatory. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of the selected plant extracts was evaluated using albumin denaturation, membrane stabilization and proteinase inhibitory assays. As part of the investigation on the mechanism of the anti-inflammation activity, ability of extract protein denaturation was studied. Maximum inhibition (296.26%) was observed from root extract followed by bark (259.48%) and leaf (237.62%). The extracts inhibited the heat induced hemolysis of RBCs to varying degree as show in table below. The maximum inhibition 284.17% was observed from bark extract followed by root (265.05%) and leaf (232.61%). It reveals that these phytochemical constituents are responsible to maximum protection of protein denaturation, albumin denaturation and membrane stabilization assay. The future work will be determination of anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities by in vivo models.
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Uriah, Tiewlasubon, Swarnim Rai, J. P. Mohanty, and Pallab Ghosh. "Physicochemical evaluation, in vitro anti-inflammatory, in vitro anti-arthritic activities and GC-MS analysis of the oil from the leaves of Gaultheria fragrantissima Wall of Meghalaya." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 3-s (2019): 170–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i3-s.2819.
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The aim of our present study is to assess the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity against denaturation of proteins whereby the test oil sample at different concentrations was incubated with egg albumin and the absorbance was determined at 660 nm. The anti-arthritic activity was investigated by two methods; firstly, in-vitro method by bovine serum protein denaturation and the absorbance was measured at 255 nm and secondly in vitro method by egg albumin denaturation where the absorbance was measured at 660 nm. In all the studies diclofenac sodium was used as thestandard drug. The physicochemical parameters like colour, solubility, refractive index, boiling point, specific gravity, carbon residue, iodine value, acid value, ester value were evaluated. The different components of the volatile oil were determined by GC-MS analysis. Ten organic compounds were identified out of which Methyl salicylate C8H8O6 was found to be the most dominant organic compound of Gaultheria fragrantissima oil (97.7%). The present results exhibited a concentration dependent inhibition of protein (albumin) denaturation by the test oil. The study reveals that diclofenac sodium was less effective when compared with the test oil. From the present findings it can be concluded that the essential oil of Gaultheria fragrantissima from Meghalaya possessed significant anti-inflammatory and anti- arthritic effects against the denaturation of protein in vitro. This effect could be due to the high content of methyl salicylate (97.7%) which is an inflammation-fighting compound. The high altitude and conducive climatic conditions of Meghalaya make wintergreen from this region far more superior in comparison to the ones grown in other parts of the world. Keywords: Gaultheria fragrantissima, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, GC-MS, methyl salicylate.
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Surana, Khemchand R., Pallavi S. Jadhav, Harshada S. Shewale, et al. "Insilico and Biological Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Activity of synthesized Benzimidazoles Derivatives." Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 21, no. 3 (2024): 1241–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3300.
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ABSTRACT: We have developed a mild, easy, and highly efficient green catalyst for the synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazole. In this study, Ace-dock and DockThore performed molecular docking of the designed benzimidazole molecules with the selected protein FAAH (PDB ID: 3LJ7). We assessed the drug's likeliness (Lipinski's rule of 5) and potential toxicity using the Protox-II software. We can confidently state that the synthesized molecules adhere to Lipinski's rule of five, given that the design molecules' properties are within acceptable limits. In comparison to the reference Ibuprofen, the proposed compounds exhibited favorable pharmacokinetic properties and achieved docking scores ranging from -10.88 to -27.31 (Acedock) and -6.045 to 9.122 (DockThore). We synthesized the benzimidazole derivatives 3a to 3g. Based on an in silico study, we synthesized the molecules, chose the best ones, and then tested their anti-inflammatory action in a lab setting. We employed the albumin denaturation assay test to determine the extent of heat-induced protein denaturation inhibition. Both of the synthesized compounds and the standard drug, diclofenac sodium, inhibit denaturation of proteins at concentrations between 10 and 50 ppm. At a dose of 10 ppm, compound 3f showed the highest level of inhibition, at 70%. Diclofenac sodium exhibited the highest suppression, measuring 97.20% at a concentration of 40 ppm. We could further investigate 3F to determine its anti-inflammatory characteristics.
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Gupta, P., A. K. Verma, and P. Chaudhuri (Chattopadhyay). "Investigating the Chaperoning Effect of Nanoparticles in Chemically Denatured zDHFR: An in vitro Study." Asian Journal of Chemistry 33, no. 8 (2021): 1929–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2021.23372.
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Maintenance of native structure and function of the protein is a major concern for industrial production of aggregation prone therapeutically important recombinant proteins. Aggregation may results due to change in the native conformation of proteins under different stress conditions. To overcome the problem of protein aggregation, role of silver and gold nanoparticles have been investigated. The nanoparticles owing to their affirmative interaction with the proteins possess chaperoning activities and protect the native state from denaturation. In the present study, through performing chemical denaturation of zebrafish dihydrofolate reductase using denaturants like guanidine hydrochloride and urea in the presence and absence of gold and silver nanoparticles and monitoring the process through enzyme activity assay and intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence, we have demonstrated the impact of nanoparticles in maintaining native conformation of proteins. Further, the outcome of refolding studies of DHFR protein with nanoparticles monitored by UV-visible spectroscopy was also reported.
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M., Jagadeeswari 1. *. and Dr. N. Hemashenpagam 2. "IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY POTENTIAL OF KEDROSTIS FOETIDISSIMA (JACQ) COGN LEAF EXTRACTS." Journal of Pharma Research 8, no. 5 (2019): 360–65. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3236723.
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<strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong> <strong><em>K</em></strong><em>edrostis foetidissima is well known for antioxidant and related activity like anti- inflammation due to presence of several secondary metabolites in vast quantity. The recent researches contribute to usefulness of the plant in treating variety of ailments and disorders. In the present study, in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Kedrostis foetidissima leaf extracts were assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging and inhibition of protein denaturation respectively. The results of qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenoids, phenols, steroids, saponins and glycosides. The methanol leaf extract exhibited maximum antioxidant quenching with75.46 % at the concentration of 150µg/ml and IC<sub>50</sub> value was found to be 90.78µg/ml. Further, the methanol leaf extract was found to be a potent anti-inflammatory agent and shows maximum inhibition of 80.25 % protein denaturation at the concentration of 800µg/ml. </em> <strong><em>KEYWORDS</em></strong><em>: Kedrostis foetidissima, phytoconstituents, antioxidant, DPPH radical scavenging, anti- inflammation, Protein denaturation.</em>
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Rynu, Tom Thykkaden* Feba Sainul Abdeen Nithyamol Abraham. "A Comparative Study on The Anti-inflammatory Activity of Boerhavia Diffusa and Scoparia Dulcis." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 4 (2025): 662–80. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15153977.
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Inflammation is a reaction of living tissues towards injury, and it comprises systemic and local response which is an effective function of immune system. Herbal plants play a major role in the treatment of various types of inflammation. This study evaluates the anti-inflammatory potential of Scoparia dulcis and Boerhavia diffusa, two medicinal plants traditionally used for their therapeutic properties. Ethanolic extracts of both plants were assessed using in vitro methods, including human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization and protein denaturation assays. Both plants exhibited significant, concentration-dependent anti-inflammatory activity, with Boerhavia diffusa demonstrating superior efficacy. The HRBC stabilization assay showed effective inhibition of haemolysis, while the protein denaturation assay highlighted the ability of the extracts to prevent heat-induced protein denaturation. These effects are attributed to the phytochemical composition of the plants, which includes flavonoids, alkaloids, and other bioactive compounds. Thus, investigational findings suggest that Scoparia dulcis and Boerhavia diffusa possess potential anti-inflammatory activity, so these plants are promising candidates for developing safer, plant-based alternatives to conventional anti-inflammatory drugs. The characterization & isolation of the active principle may help to disclose the mechanism by which they elicit anti-inflammatory activity.
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Sharma, Monika, Jyoti Gupta, and Prabhjot Singh. "Preparation and Evaluation of Ficus racemosa Extract Transdermal Gel for Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Activity." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY 14, no. 02 (2024): 1059–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.14.2.69.
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Background: Ficus racemosa (FR) belongs to the Moraceae family having different pharmacological activities. The primary aim of the researchers was to examine how varying polymer concentrations affect the outcome, additionally nature of penetration enhancers on microbial growth inhibition, and the protein denaturation inhibition capability of F. racemosa extract (FRE). Method: FRE has been prepared by a simple maceration process. By performing an antimicrobial assay procedure and in-vitro protein denaturation inhibition method, the antimicrobial and protein denaturation capability of the extract has been confirmed. Furthermore, 12 formulations of transdermal gel were developed with polymer (carbopol 934), which was used at non-identical concentrations (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5%) along with three dissimilar kinds of penetration enhancers, i.e., Tween 80, oleic acid, thioglycolic acid at the same concentration (1%). Transdermal gels have been prepared by a dispersion method & evaluated by physical parameters, viscosity, spreadability, pH, skin irritation, drug content, and in-vitro study with Franz diffusion cell. Result: Formulation B3 showed the best results, having a polymer concentration of 1.5% and Tween 80 as a penetration enhancer.
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Muranov, Konstantin O., Nicolay B. Poliansky, Vera A. Borzova та Sergey Y. Kleimenov. "Refolding Increases the Chaperone-like Activity of αH-Crystallin and Reduces Its Hydrodynamic Diameter to That of α-Crystallin". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, № 17 (2023): 13473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713473.
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αH-Crystallin, a high molecular weight form of α-crystallin, is one of the major proteins in the lens nucleus. This high molecular weight aggregate (HMWA) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cataracts. We have shown that the chaperone-like activity of HMWA is 40% of that of α-crystallin from the lens cortex. Refolding with urea significantly increased—up to 260%—the chaperone-like activity of α-crystallin and slightly reduced its hydrodynamic diameter (Dh). HMWA refolding resulted in an increase in chaperone-like activity up to 120% and a significant reduction of Dh of protein particles compared with that of α-crystallin. It was shown that the chaperone-like activity of HMWA, α-crystallin, and refolded α-crystallin but not refolded HMWA was strongly correlated with the denaturation enthalpy measured with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The DSC data demonstrated a significant increase in the native protein portion of refolded α-crystallin in comparison with authentic α-crystallin; however, the denaturation enthalpy of refolded HMWA was significantly decreased in comparison with authentic HMWA. The authors suggested that the increase in the chaperone-like activity of both α-crystallin and HMWA could be the result of the correction of misfolded proteins during renaturation and the rearrangement of protein supramolecular structures.
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G., Arunkumar* G. Chelladurai K. Bhanumathi. "BIOACTIVE POTENTIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT STATUS OF LABORATORY GROWN Calocybe indica (MILKY MUSHROOM)." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 05, no. 01 (2018): 174–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1143847.
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Calocybe indica (Milky mushroom) is one of the easily available and culturable mushrooms at relatively low cost. It comprises economic source of protein enriched with antioxidants and immune enhancing factors required for human health. Medicinal property of C. indica is due to the presence of polysaccharides, proteins, aminoacids, terpenes, terpenoids and phenols. In this study, methanolic extract of C.indica was used for invitro antioxidant, Protein denaturation inhibition, Nitric oxide scavenging and Membrane stabilization assays. Total Antioxidant activity (TAA) and phenolic content of Laboratory grown C. indica by phosphomolybdenum method was equivalent to that of ascorbic acid. Antiinflammatory effect was estimated by protein denaturation inhibition assay exhibits inhibition of 66.80 % at 1000 µg/ml. C.indica also found to possess nitric oxide scavenging activity capable of 69.76 % inhibition at 1000 µg/ml. Membrane stabilization assay revealed that methanolic extract of C.indica provides 55.83 % membrane stabilization. Key words: C. indica, Antioxidant, Antiinflammatory, Nitric oxide, Membrane stabilization
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Gupta, Veerendra, Balaji Panigrahi, Subrata De, and Mukeshkumar B. Nariya. "Evaluation of the anti-arthritic activity of Rhuflex-F – A proprietary Ayurvedic herbomineral formulation in albino rats." AYU (An International Quarterly Journal of Research in Ayurveda) 44, no. 1 (2023): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ayu.ayu_327_21.
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Abstract Background: Rhuflex-F is a proprietary Ayurvedic herbo-mineral formulation clinically used to combat and relieve stiffness in joints and muscles, reduce edema, restore mobility, and also effective in relieving the symptoms of other autoimmune illnesses that lead to rheumatism. Aims: The aim and objective of the research study is to evaluate the efficacy of Rhuflex-F against in vitro protein denaturation and in vivo Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis in albino rats. Materials and methods: In vitro inhibition of protein denaturation activity was carried out using bovine serum albumin. For in vivo activity, arthritis was induced by complete Freund’s adjuvant in albino rats. Rhuflex-F (135–270 mg/kg, po) was administered for 30th days in arthritic rats, and effects were assessed on primary and secondary paw edema, on pain response, hematological, serum biochemical parameters (serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, urea, uric acid, and orosomucoid), and serum anti-oxidant parameters and adrenal ascorbic acid. Results: Aqueous extract of Rhuflex-F showed in vitro protein denaturation inhibitory activity in a dose-dependent manner. Rhuflex-F showed nonsignificant decrease in primary and secondary paw edema with reduced pain response, some reversal effects on hematological parameters such as white blood cell and red blood cell related parameters and serum orosomucoid and adrenal ascorbic acid in comparison to Fruend’s adjuvant control group. Further, Rhuflex-F reversed Freund’s adjuvant-induced adverse effects on oxidant status in the serum of albino rats. Conclusion: Result of the present study suggested that Rhuflex-F formulation has anti-inflammatory activity, may be due to the inhibition of protein denaturation in vitro and in vivo anti-arthritic activity against complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis in albino rats.
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Pan, Nan, Wei Wan, Xin Du, et al. "Mechanisms of Change in Emulsifying Capacity Induced by Protein Denaturation and Aggregation in Quick-Frozen Pork Patties with Different Fat Levels and Freeze–Thaw Cycles." Foods 11, no. 1 (2021): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11010044.
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Herein, we discuss changes in the emulsifying properties of myofibrillar protein (MP) because of protein denaturation and aggregation from quick-frozen pork patties with multiple fat levels and freeze–thaw (F–T) cycles. Protein denaturation and aggregation were confirmed by the significantly increased surface hydrophobicity, turbidity, and particle size, as well as the significantly decreased solubility and absolute zeta potential, of MPs with increases in fat levels and F–T cycles (p < 0.05). After multiple F–T cycles, the emulsifying activity and emulsion stability indices of all samples were significantly reduced (p < 0.05). The emulsion droplets of MP increased in size, and their distributions were dense and irregular. The results demonstrated that protein denaturation and aggregation due to multiple F–T cycles and fat levels changed the distribution of surface chemical groups and particle sizes of protein, thus affecting the emulsifying properties.
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Iloro, Ibón, Félix M. Goñi, and José L. R. Arrondo. "A 2D-IR study of heat- and [(13)C]urea-induced denaturation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase." Acta Biochimica Polonica 52, no. 2 (2005): 477–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.2005_3462.
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Two-dimensional infrared correlation spectroscopy (2D-IR) was applied to the study of urea- and heat-induced unfolding denaturation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SR ATPase). Urea at 2-3 M causes reversible loss of SR ATPase activity, while higher concentrations induce irreversible denaturation. Heat-induced denaturation is a non-two-state process, with an "intermediate state" (at t approximately 45 degrees C) characterized by the presence of protein monomers, instead of the native oligomers. 2D-IR reveals that urea denaturation causes loss of the structural transition to the "intermediate state". Whenever the urea effect can be reversed, the transition to the "intermediate state" is re-established.
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Dixit, Anjali, Ankan Chakraborty, Jyoti Rani Nath, Pramit K. Chowdhury, and Bishwajit Kundu. "Ocular protein optineurin shows reversibility from unfolded states and exhibits chaperone-like activity." RSC Advances 13, no. 10 (2023): 6827–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra07931c.
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Hexameric optineurin (OPTN) is not dissociated into monomers by chemical denaturants, forms reversible multimers upon thermal denaturation and shows chaperoning activity by reducing the thermal aggregation of bovine carbonic anhydrase (BCA).
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Li, Xiao Yan, Shu Xian Hao, Lai Hao Li, and Xian Qing Yang. "Characteristic Changes of Protein Occurring in Brine Salting Sturgeon at Different Levels of NaCl." Advanced Materials Research 941-944 (June 2014): 1106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.941-944.1106.
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The effects of brine salting on sturgeon muscle proteins were studied during the processing of salting at different levels of NaCl . The aim was to observe conformational stability and possible degradation or denaturation of sturgeon protein by determining the biochemical characteristics of protein using Fourier-transform-infrared spectroscopy( FTIR), sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), fluorescence and other means. The salting process significantly decreased the actomyosin content, Ca2+-ATPase activity,total and reactive sulfhydryls (SHs) and increased surface hydrophobicity of actomyosin. The results showed that the processing of salting salting induced the degradation or denaturation of actomyosin. From SDS–PAGE, actin was affected by salt to a lesser extent by the process than myosin heavy chain (MHC). From the FTIR, the secondary structure of protein changed significantly ,especiallyα-helix, at different levels of NaCl .
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Aher, Sanket N., Sanjana N. Sonawane, Pawan R. Sonawane, et al. "Insilico Drug Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory Activity Pyrimidine Analogue." Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 21, no. 2 (2024): 741–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3261.
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ABSTRACT: A class of pyrimidine-based molecules was designed for their in silico study, synthesis, and testing for their in vitro anti-inflammatory evaluation. The compounds were tested in an in silico study against anti-inflammatory proteins like FAAH (PDB ID: 4DO3) by using two different software programmes, Ace-dock and Arguslab, and showed promising signs of being a possible drug candidate. In silico toxicity prediction was also done on these compounds. The drug-likeness screening was done to satisfy the Lipinsky rule of five. In our recent investigation, we focused on environment-friendly approaches to synthesising pyrimidine derivatives in the presence of an ethanolic potassium hydroxide solution. The Claisen-Schmidt condensation of acetophenone and various substituted benzaldehydes produces pyrimidine. The pyrimidine derivatives 2a-p and 3a-c were synthesized. The synthesised molecules were screened on the basis of an in silico study, and the molecules were selected and subjected to a check for their in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. A test called the albumin denaturation assay was used to see how much heat-induced protein denaturation could be stopped. The compounds that were synthesised and the standard drug, diclofenac sodium, both stopped protein denaturation at levels ranging from 100 to 500 ppm. Maximum inhibition of 68.59% was observed at the concentration of 100 ppm of compound 2d. Diclofenac sodium showed the maximum inhibition, which was 80.58% at a concentration of 100 ppm. It is concluded that 2d has the potential for further investigation for anti-inflammatory activity.
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Farida, Yunahara, Deni Rahmat, and Agi Widia Amanda. "Anti-Inflammation Activity Test of Nanoparticles Ethanol Extract of Temulawak Rhizome (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) with Protein Denaturation Inhibition Method." JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA 16, no. 2 (2018): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.35814/jifi.v16i2.569.
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Javanese turmeric rhizome (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) has been known to have many health benefits as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and anticancer. The purpose of this study was to compare the anti-inflammatory activity of temulawak rhizome extract with its nanoparticles. Temulawak rhizome extract was obatained by maceration using 96% (v/v) ethanol as a solvent. The extracts were made into nanoparticles by ionic gelation method which used chitosan and tripolyphosphate. The results of antiinflammatory activity test using a method of inhibiting protein denaturation showed the persentage of inhibition of protein denaturation (IC50) of the extract of temulawak rhizome of 521.67±5.80 ppm while the IC50 of the nanoparticles was 398.02±1.78 ppm. Accordingly, the antiinflammatory activity of the nanoparticles was better than the extract of temulawak rhizome.
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Siemer, Ansgar, Manuel Masip, Nelson Carreras та ін. "Conserved asparagine residue 54 of α-sarcin plays a role in protein stability and enzyme activity". Biological Chemistry 385, № 12 (2004): 1165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bc.2004.150.
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Abstract Asparagine 54 of α-sarcin is a conserved residue within the proteins of the ribotoxin family of microbial ribonucleases. It is located in loop 2 of the protein, which lacks repetitive secondary structure elements but exhibits a well-defined conformation. Five mutant variants at this residue have been produced and characterized. The spectroscopic characterization of these proteins indicates that the overall conformation is not changed upon mutation. Activity and denaturation assays show that Asn-54 largely contributes to protein stability, and its presence is a requirement for the highly specific inhibitory activity of these ribotoxins on ribosomes.
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Vinjavarapu, L. Anusha, B. Thangabalan Dr., Vyshnavi A., et al. "IN-VIVO ANTI-INFLAMATORY AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CANTHIUM PERVIFLORUM." World Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Research 3, no. 3 (2024): 01–07. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11423035.
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This study investigates the potential anti-inflammatory properties of the ethanolic extract of Canthium parviflorum. Ayurvedic medicine has long recognized the benefits of Canthium Parviflorum, a valuable shrub and woody herb. Phytochemical studies have identified various biochemical substances in Canthium parviflorum plant extracts, including flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, saponins and terpinoids. The aim of our work is to evaluate the anti- inflammatory effect of Canthium parviflorum in vitro using the protein denaturation method, because terpenoids and flavonoids have an important effect on inflammation. Inflammation and rheumatoid arthritis have been linked to protein denaturation. C. dicoccum whole plant ethanol extract in doses of 250 mg/kg*g p.o. and 500 mg/kg*g p.o. was tested in several models for its anti-inflammatory properties against conventional diclofenac at a dose of 25 mg/kg*g p.o.
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Somani, Vaishali, Ashish Jain, and Akhlesh Kumar Singhai. "Pharmacognostic, Phytochemical Investigations, and In Vitro Anti-arthritic Activity of Adiantum venustum D. Don." Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences 9, no. 4 (2022): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apjhs.2022.9.4s1.11.
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The present investigation deals with pharmacognostical, physicochemical, phytochemical analysis, and in vitro anti-arthritic activity of ethanolic extracts of Adiantum venustum D. Don. The macroscopic and microscopic characters, physical constant values, extractive values, ash values, color analysis, and fluorescence analysis were performed. The stems were 13–14 cm in size while leaves were 3–5 mm. Stems were straight with nodes while leaves were triangular and fan shaped. Transverse section of aerial parts of A. venustum showed epidermis consists of closely packed cells with single layer. No intercellular space was found. Endodermis is indistinct. On microscopic examination, the powder showed wavy epidermis, parenchyma cells, Phloem, fiber, trichome, brownish matter, and crystals. Physical constants performed were loss on drying, ash content, acid insoluble ash, and water soluble ash. Extractive values in chloroform and alcohol were determined. Fluorescence studies of the powder were carried in UV, UVB, and day light with various solvents. Phytochemical screening of successive extracts showed positive reactions for steroids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, phenols, and tannins. In vitro anti-arthritic activity was performed by the inhibition of protein denaturation method. The ethanolic extracts of aerial parts exhibited remarkable anti-arthritic action. The protein denaturation was also found to be maximum at 75.293 ± 0.735 and 79.956 ± 0.9 % at a dose of 500 μg/mL by protein denaturation egg albumin and bovine serum albumin method, respectively.
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Shambhulingaiah., H. M.* Kruthika K. N. Harshitha M. P. M. Jashwini Shivatejaswi J. M. Sudeep B. R. "Liquid – Liquid Fractionation and Evaluation of In-Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ethanol Extract of Leucas Aspera." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 1 (2025): 460–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14614106.
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Inflammation is a biological defence mechanism that enables living cells to protect themselves against diseases such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, physical agents, and defective immune function, inflammation may be acute (initial inflammation or chronic (out of proportion of protection damage) Factors such as redness, swelling, pain, loss of function of cells, and heat are common symptoms of inflammation. Denaturation of proteins can be crucial to the process of inflammation, which is a complex and normal immunological response to damage or infection involving a series of molecular events, the objective of the present study is to evaluate anti-inflammatory properties of various fractions of 70% ethanol extract of Leucas aspera plant by In-vitro protein denutaration (egg albumin) method, findings from the studies indicate that ethanol fractions are showing better protection of inflammation by inhibiting the protein (albumin) denaturation may be due to the presence of higher concentration phytoconstituents including polyphenols.
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Nasim, Iffat. "Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of a nanoparticle based intracanal drugs." Bioinformation 18, no. 5 (2022): 450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/97320630018450.
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The most common intracanal medication is calcium hydroxide. Its efficacy can be affected by a number of factors, including pH, serum proteins, collagen, and dentin. It's also ineffective against E. faecalis and fungus, lacks an anti-inflammatory component, and has mixed reviews when it comes to pain relief. Natural alternatives to synthetic intracanal medication are being researched at the moment. We evaluated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of green synthesized silver nanoparticle based intracanal medicaments. Silver nanoparticles integrated into calcium hydroxide and graphene oxide nanoparticles were the experimental groups and Calcium hydroxide served as the control. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH and Nitric oxide assays, while anti-inflammatory activity was determined using the protein denaturation and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition assays. Both experimental groups had higher antioxidant activity than the control group based on DPPH and Nitric oxide assays. Calcium hydroxide combined with silver nanoparticles demonstrated improved anti-inflammatory efficacy in a protein denaturation and Xanthine oxidase inhibition assay. Within the constraints of an in vitro study, it can be concluded that intracanal medicaments containing silver nanoparticles can be employed efficiently during root canal preparation. In comparison to standard calcium hydroxide-based intracanal medicaments, it has effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Walid, Muhammad, Nila Oktaviani, Rixzal Aziz Julian, et al. "Anti-Inflammatory Activity Assay of Ethanol Extract of Agelas cavernosa Sponge using Protein Denaturation Method." Jurnal Biologi Tropis 24, no. 4 (2024): 452–58. https://doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7661.
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Inflammation is a tissue response to cell damage, and alternative medicine is needed to treat this like a sponge. Indonesia is a country that has a lot of biodiversity originating from the sea. Agelas cavernosa is a sponge of the Demospongiae class, this class is the largest class that includes 90% of all types of sponges. Agelas Cavernosa sponge is known to contain triterpenoids and has antibacterial activity. Data on research on the activity of Agelas cavernosa sponge as an anti-inflammatory as far as researchers know has not been carried out. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanol extract of the Agelas cavernosa sponge. The research method was carried out using the protein denaturation method. The Agelas cavernosa sponge extracted with etanol 96%. The assay of anti-inflammatory with protein denaturation using spectrophotometry at wavelengths 660 nm. The results showed that the inhibition ability of 20% protein denaturation of ethanol extract of Agelas cavernosa was obtained at a concentration of 150 ppm. The results of the study showed that the IC50 of the ethanol extract obtained was 455.96 pppm, significantly different from the positive control of sodium diclofenac, which was 36.51 ppm. Based on the data obtained from the research results, it shows that the ethanol extract of Agelas cavernosa sponge does not have the potential as an anti-inflammatory.
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Pushpika, G. D. S., R. S. Maddumage, H. E. H. Perera, R. S. P. Fernando, and A. R. N. Silva. "Evaluation of In-vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity of Sri Lankan Medicinal Pill of Aloe vera, Centella asiatica, and Strychnos potatorum Exacts Using Egg Albumin Denaturation Assay." Asian Plant Research Journal 11, no. 6 (2023): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2023/v11i6227.
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Aims: The study aims to evaluate the albumin heat denaturalization inhibition activity of a Sri Lankan Traditional Medicine pill (STMP) as an indirect measure of anti-inflammation.
 Methodology: The extracts of Aloe vera, Centella asiatica (Asiatic pennywort), and Strychnos potatorum (Cleaning nut) are the ingredients of the pill. Concentration gradients from 1000 µg/ml to 0.02 µg/ml were prepared using egg albumin and phosphate buffer saline. The pill was incubated in controlled experimental settings at various concentrations, and the absorbance was measured to quantify the level of albumin denaturation. One NSAID (Ibuprofen) and one steroid (Prednisolone) were used as the reference drugs. The percentage inhibition of protein denaturation at each concentration was calculated by using the formula of (Vt / Vc - 1) x 100% where Vt = absorbance of the test sample and Vc = absorbance of control.
 Results: The maximum inhibition rate of egg albumin denaturation (46.7%) was seen in the 200 µg/ml concentration, while Prednisolone and Ibuprofen had 2.5% and 24.6% inhibition rates in the same concentration, respectively. Less than 35% inhibition rate of egg albumin denaturation showed in all other concentrations lower than 200 µg/ml (0.1 µg/ml – 100 µg/ml) of this STMP. The inhibition rates of these concentrations did not differ noticeably from those of the reference medications. In addition, the STMP had a 28.3% inhibited rate of egg albumin denaturation in 1000 µg/ml concentration while Prednisolone and Ibuprofen showed low inhibition rates compared to the STMP (3.4% and 13.8% respectively) in this concentration.
 Conclusion: This study discovered that 200 µg/ml of the tested Sri Lankan Traditional Medicine pill had the strongest anti-inflammatory efficacy against protein denaturation. Furthermore, the effect against albumin denaturation in high-concentration Sri Lankan STMP (200 µg/ml and 1000 µg/ml) surpassed that of the reference drugs, signifying a more pronounced impact.
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Padmalochana, K. "Anti-inflammatory activity and phytochemical analysis of Moringa oleifera ethanol and acetone leaves extract." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 6-s (2018): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i6-s.2129.
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This present investigation stated that acetone and ethanol extract of M,oleifera leaves was estimated that presence of phytochemical constituents by biochemical test and evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammation activity was assessed by calculating inhibition of protein denaturation, proteinase activity and membrane stabilization activity at different concentration of extract. The plant extract highly protective activity against heat induced protein denaturation and the IC50 results values 271.25±2.74 and 304.25±2.33μg/ml, for acetone and ethanol extract respectively. Heat induced haemolysis was 50% inhibited for acetone and ethanol extract at the concentration of 271.43±0.73 and 322.10±1.34 μg/ml, respectively. The membrane stabilization activity (IC50) was assessed by hypotonicity induced haemolysis at a concentration of 216.98±1.84 and 259.65±1.83μg/ml for acetone and ethanol extract, respectively. The results obtained in the present study indicate that ethanol extracts of M.oleifera leaves can be a potential source of anti-inflammatory agents compared than acetone extract and standard drug.
 Keywords: Antinflammatory, plant extract, phytochemicals
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BHAVANI BACHU, MANISHA RL, MUVVALA SUDHAKAR, et al. "Evaluation of in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous leaf extract of Capparis Brevis pina Dc." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 25, no. 3 (2025): 1819–29. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2025.25.3.0954.
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Inflammation is an immune response triggered by pathogens, toxins, and cellular damage, leading to acute or chronic inflammatory conditions affecting multiple organs. The present study evaluates the in-vitro anti-inflammatory potential of the aqueous leaf extract of Capparis brevis pina DC (ALECB) using protein denaturation and membrane stabilization assays. The phytochemical screening of ALECB confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, and saponins, which are known for their pharmacological properties. The albumin denaturation assay demonstrated that ALECB exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of protein denaturation, with an IC₅₀ of 93.877 µg/ml compared to 35.519 µ g/ml for Diclofenac. Similarly, in the HRBC membrane stabilization assay, ALECB showed an IC₅₀ of 86.67 µg/ml, while Aspirin exhibited an IC₅₀ of 37.81 µ g/ml. These findings suggest that ALECB possesses significant anti-inflammatory activity, although it is less potent than standard drugs. The observed effects can be attributed to the phytochemicals present in the extract, particularly flavonoids and phenolic compounds. The study highlights the potential of Capparis brevis pina DC as a natural anti-inflammatory agent, warranting further in-vivo investigations and bioactive compound isolation to explore its therapeutic applications.
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Bashir, Musa, Ahmad Muhammad Yamani, and Salisu Yahaya Mohammed. "In vitro Evaluation of Polyphenol Rich Fraction of Ipomea batatas (Mother delight) Leaf Extract as Anti-inflammatory Agents and its LCMS Profile." UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR) 7, no. 1 (2022): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.2271.018.
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High intake of plant foods is associated with lower risk of chronic diseases as suggested by epidemiological evidence. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory potential of polyphenol rich fraction of Ipomoea batatas leaf extract and the compounds possibly responsible for the activity using LCMS. The anti-inflammatory studies were carried out in vitro by protein denaturation technique. The result shows significant different (p<0.05) percentage inhibition of denaturation 90.59% at 1000 μg/ml of the extract compared to the standard drug (declofenac) 95.12% at 1000 μg/ml. The LCMS profiling of the extract revealed the presence of many metabolites (polyphenols) such as chrogenic acid, myricetin, furocoumarinic acid, aromadendrin, naringenin, 4,5-dicaffeolquinic acid and abietinol among others. The presence of these metabolites could be the reason for the anti-inflammatory effect of the extract observed. This implies that the plant can be exploited for its medicinal, therapeutic properties and possibly used to reduce the risk of many chronic diseases. Keyword: Anti-inflammatory activity, Protein denaturation technique, Mother delight, LCMS, Phytochemicals.
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Raykovska, Vessela, Pavlina Dolashka-Angelova, Donka Paskaleva, et al. "Isolation and characterization of a xylose-glucose isomerase from a new strain Streptomyces thermovulgaris 127, var. 7-86." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 79, no. 2 (2001): 195–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o00-100.
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A thermostable D-xyloseglucose isomerase was isolated from the thermophilic strain Streptomyces thermovulgaris 127, var. 7-86, as a result of mutagenic treatment by γ-irradiation of the parent strain, by precipitation and sequential chromatographies on DEAESephadex A50, TSK-gel, FPLC-Mono Q/HR, and Superose 12 columns. The N-terminal amino acid sequence and amino acid analysis shows 7392% homology with xyloseglucose isomerases from other sources. The native molecular mass, determined by gel filtration on a Superose 12 column, is 180 kDa, and 44.6 and 45 kDa were calculated, based on amino acid analysis and 10% SDS-PAGE, respectively. Both, the activity and stability of the enzyme were investigated toward pH, temperature, and denaturation with guanidine hydrochloride. The enzyme activity showed a clear pH optimum between pH 7.2 and 9.0 with D-glucose and 7.4 and 8.3 with D-xylose as substrates, respectively. The enzyme is active up to 6085°C at pH 7.0, using D-glucose, and up to 5060°C at pH 7.6, using D-xylose as substrates. The activation energy (Ea = 46 kJ·mol1) and the critical temperature (Tc = 60°C) were determined by fluorescence spectroscopy. Tc is in close coincidence with the melting temperature of denaturation (Tm = 59°C), determined by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. The free energy of stabilization in water after denaturation with Gdn.HCl was calculated to be 12 kJ·mol1. The specific activity (km values) for D-xylose-glucose isomerase at 70°C toward different substrates, D-xylose, D-glucose, and D-ribose, were determined to be 4.4, 55.5, and 13.3 mM, recpectively.Key words: D-xylose-glucose isomerase, protein sequencing, protein stability, protein denaturation.
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Gaikwad, D., R. Murkute, and S. Gaikwad. "Pharmacological Investigation of Fluoro, Iodo and Hydroxy Derivative of Chloro Substituted Homoisoflavonoids." Asian Journal of Organic & Medicinal Chemistry 7, no. 1 (2022): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajomc.2022.ajomc-p357.
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In present study, the synthesized substituted homoisoflavonoid derivatives were screened for their in vivo/in vitro antiarthritic activity, in vitro anti-inflammatory and DPPH free radical scavenging activity. The male Wistar rats were used for investigation of in vivo antiarthritic activity against complete freund’s adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis and assessment was done for change in paw volume, serum marker enzymes (ALP, SGOT and SGPT) and membrane stabilization potential. in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by the protein denaturation method. In vitro free radical scavenging activity was assessed by the DPPH method. The result indicated that compound HIFa showed a significant antiarthritic activity as compared to other substituted homoisoflavonoid derivatives. The significant membrane stabilization and inhibition of protein denaturation showed in vitro antiarthritic and antiinflammatory activity of substituted homoisoflavonoid derivatives. The substituted homoisoflavonoid derivatives showed dose dependent DPPH free radical scavenging activity. From the present study, it was observed that the iodo derivative of substituted homoisoflavonoid derivatives have significant pharmacological activities as compared to floro and hydroxyl derivatives.
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Arti, Solanki, Daniel Kratika, K. Jain Sachin, and Vengurlekar Sudha. "Persea Americana's Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Benefits: Insights from in-Vitro and In-Vivo Analysis." International Journal of Toxicological and Pharmacological Research 14, no. 6 (2024): 52–59. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12777460.
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<strong>Background:</strong> Persea americana also known as avocado, belong to family Lauraceae. The leaves and fruits are used as traditional folk medicine to treat inflammation and algesia. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of hydro-alcoholic extract from persea americana seeds. <strong>Methods:</strong> Phytochemically, hydro-alcoholic extract of persea americana seeds gave positive reactions for Proteins, amino acids, Fatty acids, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenolic, Terpenoids and steroids. The invitro anti-inflammatory potential was accessed by using Protein denaturation method. In vivo anti- inflammatory activity was evaluated by using the carrageenan-induced paw edema method and analgesic activity was evaluated by using eddy’s hot plate method. <strong>Result:</strong> The present finding exhibited a concentration dependent inhibition of protein denaturation by Persea americana and IC 50 Value found at 305 µg/ml. The hydroalcoholic extract showed significant inhibition on the rat paw volume at 52.40% as compared to standard (diclofenac sodium). The analgesic activity of hydroalcoholic extract was shown significant activity after 60 minutes. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The extract possesses analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity which may be mediate through the phytochemical constituents of the plant which supports its traditional use. Further isolation of active constituent responsible for activity will be isolated.
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Kolawole, Ikeoluwapo Olanike, Osareti Albert Taiwo Ebuehi, and Esther Ayomide Awoyera. "In vitro antioxidant and anti-arthritic effect of the aqueous and ethanolic leaf and root bark extract of Alafia barteri." Journal of Phytopharmacology 10, no. 1 (2021): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2021.10103.
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Alafia barteri (Apocynaceae) is a climbing shrub having white or pink flowers. Traditionally, it has been used to treat diseases like malaria, sickle cell anemia, and eye infections. This research is focused on investigating the antioxidant and anti-arthritic activities of the aqueous and ethanol leaf and root extract of Alafia barteri plant in vitro. In-vitro antioxidant methods used were 2, 2 -diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay, reducing power activity and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay while the anti-arthritic activity was studied using the assay method of protein denaturation. Results revealed that aqueous and ethanol root extracts scavenge free radicals, thus inhibiting damage caused by oxidative stress in arthritis while the ethanol extracts of both the leaf and roots had good anti-arthritic activities as seen in its ability to decrease protein denaturation.
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Aiswarya Lakshmi A.G, Rakesh Kumar Jat, and Siju E.N. "Anti-inflammatory potential of green synthesized silver nanoparticles of triphala extract." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 7, no. 2 (2022): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2022.7.2.0252.
Full textAbstract:
The present study was to investigate the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of triphala and its green synthesized silver nanoparticles using the human red blood cells membrane stabilization method and protein denaturation method and the results were compared with standard diclofenac sodium. The presence of flavonoids, phenolics, alkaloids, carbohydrates, and glycosides were found in phytochemical screening. The plant extract and the silver nanoparticles showed positive anti-inflammatory activity through HRBC membrane stabilization and inhibition of protein denaturation in a concentration-dependent manner. The study was concluded that the hydroalcoholic extract and SNPs of triphala exhibited potent anti-inflammatory agent due to the presence of important chemical constituents such as polyphenols and flavonoids and this anti-inflammatory properties help in the prevention of many chronic disorders.