Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Protéines Tyrosines Kinases'
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Guizani, Lamia. "Signalisation de l'interleukine 2 : régulation du récepteur et induction du facteur de transcription AP-1." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066815.
Full textGrangeasse, Christophe. "Phosphorylation des protéines bactériennes au niveau de la tyrosine : étude des activités protéine-tyrosine kinase et phosphotyrosine-protéine phosphatase chez Acinetobacter johnsonii." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10061.
Full textMekki, Meriem Sarah. "Conséquences de l'hypoxie sur la régulation de la signalisation HGF/SF-MET." Thesis, Lille 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL2S047/document.
Full textThe receptor tyrosine kinase MET and its ligand the Hepatocyte Growth Factor/Scattor Factor (HGF/SF) are essential for migration, morphogenesis and survival of epithelial cells. Beside its physiological involvement, deregulation of MET signaling has been shown to promote tumor progression and invasion in many cancers. Inside the tumors, hypoxia is also a crucial phenomenon promoting an adaptive response able to induce invasion, metastasis and resistance to treatment.We show that under hypoxia, MET phosphorylation induced by ligand-stimulation, activating mutation or overexpression, is drastically decreased both in cell culture and in experimental tumors. This decrease in MET phosphorylation occurs within minutes and is reversible when cells are returned to normoxia. While phosphorylation of the proximal signaling adaptor GAB1 is also decreased in hypoxia, activation of the downstream kinases ERK and AKT is not affected, but is still dependent on MET receptor activity. Consistently, several cellular responses induced by HGF/SF, including motility, morphogenesis or survival, are still efficiently induced. Interestingly, treatment with two tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting MET (PHA-665752 and SU11274) are less efficient to inhibit the downstream kinases ERK and AKT and cellular responses induced by MET in hypoxia compared to normoxia. Similarly to MET phosphorylation, this resistance to TKI is a reversible phenomenon. Therefore, while hypoxia does not affect downstream signaling and cellular responses, it decreases MET sensitivity to TKIs targeting the receptor thus providing an immediate resistance. This may provide new insights in the use of MET targeted therapies in solid tumors
Murati, Anne. "Les protéines tyrosine kinases dans les syndromes myéloprolifératifs." Aix-Marseille 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX20686.
Full textCollin, Guillaume. "Régulation de la signalisation oncogénique des tyrosine kinases par la nouvelle protéine du trafic vésiculaire Tom1L1." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20226.
Full textMy thesis work deals with the role of the novel vesicular trafficking protein Tom1L1 in signaling regulation of Src and HER2 Tyrosine kinases. Tom1L1 had been cloned in the lab as a new substrate and interactor of Src. While it activates Src in vitro, it behaves as a negative regulator of Src signalling in cells. The first part of my thesis work was dedicated to Tom1L1 function in Src kinases signaling regulation. I show that Tom1L1 in a complex with the clathrin heavy chain regulates membrane partitioning of the tyrosine kinase Src required for mitogenic and transforming activities. While Tom1L1 can be viewed as a negative regulator of oncogenic signalling, our partner Charles Theillet observed that Tom1L1 was co-amplified with HER2 in breast cancer. The second part of my thesis work was dedicated to Tom1L1 function in HER2 oncogenic signalling. Interestingly, I observed that Tom1L1 strongly promotes invasiveness of HER2+ breast cancer cells. This novel function of Tom1L1 requires GAT-mediated interaction with vesicular traffic protein Tollip. In addition, my data suggest that Tom1L1 regulates invadopodia formation and function. In summary, my data suggest that Tom1L1-Tollip complex may potentiate HER2-induced breast cancer cell invasion by promoting the traffick of protein important for invadopodia formation and function
Carreno, Sébastien. "Etude moléculaire et cellulaire des fonctions associées à chacune des isoformes de la protéine tyrosine kinase Hck dans les phagocytes." Toulouse 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU30196.
Full textLermet, Anne. "Synthèse d'inhibiteurs de la protéine à activité tyrosine kinase c-kit de type sauvage et muté." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10026.
Full textDang-Trung, Khoi͏̈-Nguyên. "Intérêt potentiel en chimiothérapie anticancéreuse des inhibiteurs de protéines à activité tyrosine kinase : exemple de la génistéine." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P119.
Full textGarron, Marie-Line. "Etudes structurales et fonctionnelles de FAT et de ses homologues." Montpellier 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON13520.
Full textFocal adhesions (FAs) are multi-protein complexes involved in cellular processes such as proliferation, adhesion, migration, as well as in oncogenic transformation. The FA targeting (FAT) domain is the C-terminal domain of the docking protein FA kinase (FAK). FAT allows FAK localisation at FAs by interacting with paxillin LD motifs. This localisation is essential for FA assembly and regulation. Structure based sequence alignment revealed homology with C-terminal domains of three FA protein families: Vinculin, Cas, p95/GIT1. Currently, only the structures of the FAT and Vinculin tail domains have been determined. By Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) and circular dichroïsm experiments we now confirm structural similarity of HEF-1 (a Cas family member) and GIT1 C-terminal domains with FAT. Both domains are, like FAT, required for protein localisation at FAs. We show that regulation of the interaction between GIT1 and paxillin LD motifs are different from FAT. HEF-1, in contrast does not bind LD motifs, but, surprisingly, associates intimately with the Guanidine Exchange Factor (GEF) domain of AND-34, a recently discovered protein implicated in the resistance of breast cancer cells to anti-estrogen tamoxifen treatment. We here present first structural insights into this atypical interaction between a GEF domain and a non-G-protein. In summary, even though 4-helix structure and FA localisation are conserved features of FAT-like domain, they have evolved individual molecular mechanisms for recruitment and regulation. Inhibitors for FAT-like domains might prove useful in blocking formation of metastases
Majo, Vanessa. "Phosphorylation de la protéine liant les ARNs HuR/ELAVL1 par la tyrosine kinase Abelson : implications sur la fonction de HuR/ELAVL1 dans le carcinome hépatocellulaire." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR21803/document.
Full textThe RNA binding proteins (RBPs) HuR/ELAVL1 is involved in the stabilization of mRNAs whose 3'UTR contains motifs enriched in A and U (« AU-rich element », ARE). These mRNAs encode mainly proteins whose deregulation promotes the emergence of cancer (oncogenes, cyclins, growth factors...). In particular, HuR is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and in human HCC cell lines in culture and is abnormally found in the cytoplasm of liver tumor cells contributing to their proliferation. Furthermore, the Posttranslational modifications of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) modulate their subcellular localization and their ability to bind and control the fate of their targeted mRNAs. Some sérine/thréonine identified kinase are capable of modulating the function of the AUBP (« AU-binding protein ») HuR. By in vitro studies, we identified Y200 as a target (probably the only one) of the « non-receptor tyrosine kinase » Abelson on HuR. This kinase is also overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and in human HCC cell lines in culture (as cells HuH7). The inhibition of Abl by Nilotinib (one inhibitor) influences the acido-basic profile of the protein HuR, on Gel 2D, in cells HuH7, suggesting a role of Abl in the functions of HuR on its targets ARNm
Chaix, Amandine. "Les spécificités de la signalisation oncogénique par rapport à la signalisation physiologique : le modèle de KIT, un récepteur à activité tyrosine kinase." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX22079/document.
Full textThe receptor tyrosine kinase KIT and its ligand, the stem cell factor (SCF), are implicated both in the development and the homeostasis of multiple cell lineages. Dysfunctions in the KIT/SCF pathway are involved in several pathologies affecting these compartments. In particular, gain-of-function mutations that lead to constitutive activation of the receptor KIT are found in human neoplasia.The purpose of this thesis project was to investigate some differences between normal and oncogenic signalling of KIT receptor using mast cells transformed by the KIT-D816 oncogene as a model. This question was analysed at aproximal level on the oncogenic receptor itself and at a more distal level on the STAT signal transduction pathway, which is specifically and constitutively activated by theKIT-D816 mutant.At the proximal level, we show that the juxtamembrane dityrosine motif Y568-Y570 of KIT is the major platform of recruitment of intracellular signalling partnerswith more than 15 interactors found in mast cells. Furthermore, the analysis ofcellular models in both in vitro and in vivo assays related to KIT physiological functions has revealed the negative role of the motif in KIT-D816-mediated cell transformation. At the distal level, we have analysed the mechanisms of phosphorylation ofSTAT1, -3 and -5 proteins and the functional relevance of their activation in KITD816-mediated transformation. We describe the contribution of different kinases inthe phosphorylation of STATs on both serine and tyrosine residues. Our results suggest that only STAT5 is transcriptionaly active whereas STAT1 and STAT3 are not, suggesting a non conventional implication of their activation in celltransformation. Our work contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms of KITD816-mediated oncogenesis and could be used to improve the rational developmentof new targeted cancer therapies
Mijakovic̀, Ivan. "Protéine kinases avec un motif Walker A chez Bacillus subtilis." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112152.
Full textProtein phosphorylation is an omnipresent phenomenon in the living world, observed in Bacteria, Eukarya and Archaea. Proteins capable of catalysing the formation of a covalent bond between the phosphate and an amino acid side chain in a specific target protein are called protein kinases. Inversely, phospho-protein phosphatases are proteins capable of demodifying a phosphorylated protein by hydrolysing the covalent bond between the protein and the phosphate. The phosphorylation state of a protein target is therefore determined by antagonistic actions of its kinase and phosphatase, both of which are in turn often independantly regulated. The protein kinases known to contain a Walker A (GXXXXGK(T/S)) motif are few, and are strictly confined to the bacterial kingdom. This work presents a caracterisation of two such kinases: HPr kinase/phosphorylase and a tyrosine- kinase YwqD. The most important result stemming from the research on HPr kinase/phosphorylase is the discovery of a new mecanism of protein dephosphorylation that was named phospho-phosphorolysis. The research on YwqD led to the discovery of the first proteic substrate of a bacterial tyrosine kinase. This substrate is YwqF, a UDF-glucose dehydrogenase whose activity is controlled by reversible tyrosine phosphorylation
Hassaïne, Ghérici. "Etude fonctionnelle de la protéine VIF du VIH-1." Aix-Marseille 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX22009.
Full textGarçon, Fabien [Jacques Claude]. "La régulation de la protéine tyrosine kinase Tec lors de l'activation lymphocytaire T." Aix-Marseille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX22077.
Full textNowak, Frédérique. "Inhibiteurs de protéines tyrosine kinases et transduction : effet d'une tyrphostine sur les récepteurs de classe I et sur la signalisation conduisant à l'activation de la MAP kinase dans des cellules éphithéliales du colon." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ECAP0449.
Full textHammam, Kahina. "Nouveau concept de resensibilisation à la chimiothérapie en activant la nucléoside kinase dCK par le masitinib, un inhibiteur de protéines tyrosine kinases." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM5047.
Full textResistance to chemotherapy is considered as one of the major blockers of its efficacy. Recently, our team demonstrated that masitinib, a new tyrosine kinases inhibitor, possesse a resensitization activity of cell lines resistant to chemotherapy when associated with chemodrugs.The aim of this work is to determine signaling pathways, modulated by masitinib action, that could explain the resensitization to chemotherapy and improvement of anti-tumoral activity.In the first part of this work, we identified the nucleoside kinase dCK (deoxycytidine kinase), a chemotherapy activating protein, as a new target of masitinib. In summary, this first part of the work allowed us to describe a new and never described concept: masitinib, a small molecule belonging to tyrosine kinases group, can also play a role as nucleoside kinase activator.We were able to demonstrate through the second part of the work that the combined treatment of the epidrug decitabine and masitinib can be more effective than decitabine treatment for the re-expression of some genes non or weakly induced by decitabine when used alone.In conclusion, These data allowed us to introduce an interaction between a tyrosine kinases inhibitor and a nucleoside kinase, as an enzymatic activation new concept. This could be used as a base for the design of new small chemical molecules specific for dCK or other nucleoside kinases essential for the activation of chemodrugs. This concept will obviously help to imagine and evaluate more potential therapeutic combinations of chemodrugs and small chemical molecules to overcome the resistance to chemotherapy dependent on nucleoside kinases
Soulat, Didier. "Phosphorylation des protéines au niveau de la tyrosine chez Staphylococcus Aureus : mécanisme moléculaire et rôle biologique." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10019.
Full textCastel, Hélène. "Contribution à l'étude de la régulation du récepteur GABA-A par les protéines kinases et le monoxyde d'azote dans les cellules mélanotropes de l'hypophyse de grenouille." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUES081.
Full textPinet, Louise. "Structural and functional investigation of the C-terminal intrinsically disordered fragment of ErbB2." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS375/document.
Full textErbB2/HER2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase of the EGFR (ErbB1) family overexpressed in 20% of breast cancers and associated to a particularly aggressive form of the disease. ErbB receptors are only active upon dimerization that enables phosphorylation of their C-terminal tail by their tyrosine kinase domain. Phosphorylation then triggers interaction with adaptor proteins and activation of signaling pathways, mainly Ras/MAPK and Akt/PI3K. Those pathways control cell proliferation, motility and resistance to apoptosis. Contrary to ErbB1/3/4, ErbB2 can dimerize without any ligand. Understanding other mechanisms of regulation of its tyrosine phosphorylation and of its interactions is thus particularly interesting.ErbB2 structure and function have been extensively studied. This has led to the development of several FDA-approved targeted drugs, that are effective but to which resistance occurs, amongst which the Trastuzumab antibody that targets ErbB2 extracellular domain. The C-terminal tail of ErbB2 (CtErbB2) has been widely ignored in these studies. Since it is intrinsically disordered, the concepts and tools to study it have only emerged in the last few years.In the present work, I have performed the structural and dynamic study of CtErbB2. I showed that despite its lack of any stable structure, this proline-rich region exhibits several transient secondary structures and a long-range contact that might participate in the regulation of its intra- and inter-molecular interactions. Then, I characterized the adaptor protein Grb2, which is a partner of ErbB2 that is essential for the activation of the MAPK pathway. The solution organization of the domains of this modular protein in its apo-form was unknown so far. I also studied the interaction between Grb2 and CtErbB2, showing that in addition to the known SH2-phosphotyrosine interaction, a polyproline motif of CtErbB2 binds to the N-terminal SH3 domain of Grb2. Finally, I implemented several strategies to phosphorylate CtErbB2 tyrosines, to study more extensively the effect of phosphorylation on the whole tail
Schneider, Jean-Christophe. "Régulation de la synthèse de NO par les tyrosine kinases, la Ca 2+/calmoduline protéine kinase II et l'échangeur Na+/Ca2+." Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05CD08.
Full textLebeau, Alexandre. "Conception d’inhibiteurs de l’activité tyrosine kinase basée sur la plasticité conformationnelle : applications aux domaines kinase des protéines Axl, Abl et Src." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20250/document.
Full textThe receptor tyrosine kinase Axl was discovered in 1988. Latter on, its involvement in the cancer development was highlighted. Axl is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer and triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. The success of kinase inhibitors (imatinib, erlotinib ...) led us to focus on the design of inhibitors targetting the kinase domain of Axl. As a guide, we modeled the protein-kinase domain in its active and inactive conformations to perform structure-based drug design. The models were then validated by different methods: structural bioinformatics, comparative docking and focused virtual screening. A virtual chemical library was built and docked into Axl models.Then, I synthetized 15 chemical compounds targetting the ‘inactive' conformation of the kinase domain of Axl. However, none were active in an in vitro assay. Then we were interested in the chemistry of 4 and 7-azaindole cores. This work led to the synthesis of 12 ligands among which several showed promising activity against the ‘inactive' conformation of the kinase domains of Abl and Src.Meanwhile, a large-scale screening was published and we used that new data to re-evaluate the modeling of a "DFG-out" inactive conformation of Axl
Morel, Marion. "Les récepteurs venus kinase (VKRs) de schistosoma mansoni : étude des voies de signalisation de SmVKR1 et rôle de la protéine adaptatrice SmShb." Thesis, Lille 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL2S003/document.
Full textSchistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by trematode flatworm species belonging to the genus Schistosoma. Responsible for about 300,000 deaths per year, the disease is mainly due to the high fertility of the worms and to encystment of eggs in host tissues. In order to fight against schistosomiasis, a single drug (Praziquantel) is efficient and massively distributed in endemic areas. To deal with the emergence of resistance to Praziquantel, one alternative is to consider the design of molecules that target parasite reproduction.Venus Kinase Receptors (VKRs) constitute an invertebrate Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) family initially discovered in the parasite Schistosoma mansoni. VKRs are atypical RTKs formed by an extracellular Venus Fly Trap (VFT) ligand binding domain associated via a transmembrane domain with an intracellular tyrosine kinase (TK) domain. Two VKRs are expressed in S. mansoni: SmVKR1 and SmVKR2. They both activate Erk, Akt and JNK signaling pathways and act on the parasite reproduction.As they are absent from the human genome and as they have potential roles in the modulation of reproductive processes and development of parasites, SmVKRs appear as attractive targets to fight schistosomiasis.The first part of my thesis work sets known data concerning the role of RTKs in schistosome reproduction. Here, we show that the catalytic domains are conserved across various RTKs and we open the perspective to design drugs which could inhibit several RTKs at the same time to control egg laying by schistosomes.The second part of my work describes the importance of using an alternative strategy of inhibiting downstream partners of RTKs. By screening a kinase inhibitor library, we defined the Akt pathway components as potential targets to fight schistosomiasis. Nanomolar doses of Akt inhibitors can inhibit schistosome pairing and egg laying.In the last part, we present the specific interaction of the adaptor protein SmShb with the phosphorylated form of SmVKR1. This binding occurs between the SH2 domain of SmShb and a phosphotyrosine residue (pY979) located in the juxtamembrane region of the receptor. That interaction leads to the phosphorylation of SmShb and promotes the signal of SmVKR1 towards a JNK pathway. In situ hybridization experiments highlighted that SmShb and Smvkr1 transcripts were both located in mature oocytes and testes of adult worms. RNA interference experiments using double-stranded RNA targeting SmShb led to an accumulation of mature sperm in testes of male worms. Finally, a yeast three hybrid screening, using SmShb phosphorylated by SmVKR1 as prey, allowed us to identify various protein partners. Taking advantage of previous results, we focused on two partners and confirmed their interaction with SmShb. 1) RhoU GTPase which has potential functions in JNK signalling and cytoskeleton dynamic. 2) The dynein light chain TcTex-1, with potential role in sperm motility. Altogether, this results argue for a potential role of SmShb in the regulation of the SmVKR1 activity by forming a multiprotein complex including proteins with various roles in cytoskeleton reorganization
Galas, Ludovic. "Contribution à l'étude du couplage stimulus-sécrétion dans les cellules mélanotropes de l'hypophyse : mécanismes d'action de la TRH et du NPY." Rouen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ROUES024.
Full textIn melanotrope cells, activation of TRH receptors induces an increase in [Ca2+]i that results from Ca2+ influx through 3 types of Ca2+ channels (Ni2+-sensitive, L- and N-type Ca2+-channels) and Ca2+ mobilization from IP3-sensitive intracellular pools. Ca2+ entry through LCC and mobilization of intracellular Ca2+, together with PKC and PTK, contribute in TRH-evoked α-MSH release. Melanotrope cells express the mRNAs encoding for Y1 and Y5 receptors. NPY inhibits the spontaneous release of α-MSH through a Y5 receptor coupled to adenylyl cyclase and suppresses TRH-induced α-MSH release through a Y1 receptor coupled to a PTX-sensitive G protein. In conclusion, in frog melanotrope cells, NPY abolishes, through a Y1 receptor coupled to a PTX-sensitive G protein, TRH-induced α-MSH release that results from an increase in [Ca2+]i and activation of protein kinase C et tyrosine kinase. In addition, NPY decreases basal α-MSH release through a Y5 receptor by inhibiting cAMP formation and Ca2+ influx
Picard, Christophe. "Régulations intramoléculaires et intermoléculaires des membres de la famille Src : implication des interactions du domaine SH3 avec l'interdomaine." Aix-Marseille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX20658.
Full textVincent-Monégat, Carole. "Contribution à l'étude de la phosphorylation des protéines bactériennes au niveau de la tyrosine : proposition d'un rôle biologique." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10263.
Full textTahtouh, Tania. "Optimisation et caractérisation de nouveaux inhibiteurs pharmacologiques de DYRKs et CLKs, les leucettines." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1S015.
Full textDYRKs (dual specificity, tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinases) and CLKs (cdc2-like kinases) are two families of kinases belonging to the CMGC group. They are involved in the development of Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome. We here present the optimization and a detailed biological characterization of Leucettines, a family of pharmacological inhibitors of DYRKs/CLKs derived from Leucettamine B, an alkaloid produced by a marine sponge. We studied the structure/activity relationship of this class of inhibitors on a set of biological responses. To investigate potential targets of these inhibitors, we implemented an affinity chromatography method. The selectivity of Leucettine L41, selected as a representative Leucettine, was studied by in vitro activity and interaction assays of recombinant kinases and affinity chromatography approaches (Leucettines immobilized on agarose beads, competition on non-selective inhibitors). Transcriptomics and proteomics approaches were used to better understand the cellular mechanism of action of Leucettine L41. These approaches confirmed the selectivity of Leucettine L41 for DYRKs and CLKs but also revealed the existence of interesting secondary targets. Leucettine L41 modulates alternative splicing of pre-mRNAs. It displays neuroprotective properties towards glutamate-induced cell death. Leucettines deserve further development as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome
Lopez, Jonathan. "L’oncogène Src et les protéines de la famille Bcl-2 : une coopération coupable : implication de la protéine Bik dans la résistance à l’apoptose de cellules transformées par l’oncogène Src." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10057.
Full textC-Src tyrosine kinase is overexpressed and activated in a number of cancers. Remarkably, Src is deregulated in more than 80% of colorectal adenocarcinoma, playing a role in carcinogenesis and progression toward a metastatic phenotype. c-Src and v-Src activate a large number of intracellular pathways which allow the tumor to proliferate, to evade the cell death machinery and to acquired enhanced migratory and angiogenic abilities. During my PhD, we discovered an unknown mechanism to evade apoptosis developed by murine fibroblasts stably overexpressing v-Src and by some human tumor cell lines with c-Srcb deregulation. We have shown that Src stimulate the proteasomal degradation of the Bik protein, a proapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family proteins known to act as a tumor suppressor. This post-translationnal regulation of the Bik protein expression level leads to a strong resistance of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. Inhibition of the Src kinase activity or of the Bik proteasome-dependent degradation restore normal levels of the Bik protein and efficiently resensitize these cells to apoptosis. Inhibition of the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins by ABT737 seems to be less efficient in these cells. We also contribute to show that lithium suppresses motility and invasivity of v-Src transformed cells. The molecular mechanism involve a redox activation of the protein tyrosine phosphatases. Finally, we compared the membrane behavior and the ability to permeabilize mitochondria of synthetic peptides derived from the central helical hairpin of Bax,Bcl-xL and Bid. We showed that these structurally analogous domains have distinct membrane behavior which could account for the functional divergence between the Bcl-2 family members
Jacquet, Kevin. "Étude de la spécificité fonctionnelle des protéines adaptatrices NCK1 et NCK2." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35439.
Full textSignals from cell surface receptors are often relayed via adaptor proteins that can serve as hubs to recruit appropriate target signaling molecules and guide signals along specific pathways. Among these, adaptor proteins NCK1 (Non-Catalytic region of tyrosine Kinase 1) and NCK2 have functions that are often considered redundant and/or indistinguishable. The main goal of my work was to demonstrate that NCK1 and NCK2 are not fully redundant and may each display functional specificity. To achieve this, I delineated NCK1-and NCK2-specific signalling networks, identified for each unique target, then characterized what generates this specificity and obtained the function of these interactions. First, to identify the complement of interaction partners for NCK1 and NCK2, I used two unbiased mass spectrometry (MS)-based approaches: (i) epitope-tagged protein affinity purification (AP) followed by MS analysis and (ii) in vivo proximity labelling (BioID). The combination of these two approaches allowed me to identify more than one hundred specific interactions for each NCK. Bioinformatics analyzes based on the specific partners identified in MS enabled me to highlight that NCK2 was more specifically involved in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton organization, structure essential for cell division and cytokinesis. By simultaneously comparing mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEF) depleted either for NCK1 or NCK2, I noticed that Nck2-/-, but not Nck1-/-cells are multi-nucleated and display extended protrusions reminiscent of intercellular bridges, which correlate with an extended time spent in cytokinesis as well as a failure of a significant proportion of cells to complete abscission. Further analysis of this phenotype revealed that the midbody of NCK2-deficient cells is not only increased in length, but also altered in composition, as judged by the mislocalization of the Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), Epithelial cell transforming 2 (ECT2) and Aurora B (AURKB) proteins. Moreover, I showed that NCK2 function during cytokinesis requires its SH2 domain. Second, to underline the molecular mechanism of specific protein complex formation, I selected based on my MS results 27 partners to confirm by an orthogonal method their respective interactions with NCK1 and/or NCK2. By using in vitro binding assays, I was able to determine that several proteins including Plakophilin 4(PKP4), a key regulator of the cytokinesis process, were able to bind directly and specifically to NCK2. Through various in vitro experiments, I was able to determine that NCK2 binds the N-terminal and central portions of PKP4 through its SH2 domain and that the specificity of PKP4 toward NCK2 does not appear to result from the intrinsic properties of its SH2 alone. This association seems to result from the combination of some or all of the properties of the individual domains and inter-regions constituting the NCK1/2 proteins. In conclusion, despite what is generally accepted, I showed that both NCK1 and NCK2 may form specific protein complexes, thus reflecting the functional specificity of these two adaptor proteins. I further demonstrated that NCK1 and NCK2 are not completely redundant. I also shed light on a previously uncharacterized function for the NCK2 adaptor protein in cell division. Finally, my in vitro experiments provide an explanation for the specificity mechanism of NCK1/2 adaptor proteins by suggesting that their specificity come from the combination of the properties of their respective domains and/or interdomain regions.
Boulven, Isaline. "Réseaux de transduction stimulés par les récepteurs à activité tyrosine kinase et les récepteurs couplés aux protéines G dans les cellules myométriales : rôle dans l'activation des protéines ERK et impact sur la prolifération cellulaire." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112007.
Full textIn this study, we aimed to analyse the signalling pathways involved in the regulation of myometrial cells proliferation which plays an essential role in uterine functions. We demonstrated, in rat myometrial cells in primary culture, the involvement of MAP kinases of the ERK type in the mitogenic effect of various agents: PDGF, a growth factor acting through a receptor tyrosine kinase, endothelin-1 (ET -1), a mitogenic peptide which interacts in the myometrium with receptors coupled to Gi and Gq proteins, and pervanadate (PV), a potent protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor. Our results showed that PDGF and PV induced PLC-γ1/Ins3 stimulation and ERK activation that both contribute to cAMP production by increasing the release of arachidonic acid and the biosynthesis of prostaglandin. The inhibition of ERK activation and DNA synthesis by cAMP constitutes a potentially important negative feedback loop for PDGF and PV- mediated responses. The presence and the activation by PV of tyrosine kinases of the Src family was also demonstrated in rat myometrial cells. These kinases contributed to the activation of PLCγ1 and the production of InsP3 triggered by PV, and to the activation of ERK induced by ET-1. Indeed, we demonstrated that ET-1-mediated ERK activation involves the sequential activation of PKC, Src and Ras. We also showed that two signalling pathways contribute to the PKC-dependant ERK activation induced by ET-1: a Gq-PLCβ-InsP3-conventional/novel PKC and a Gi-PI3kinase-atypical PKC pathway. Altogether, the results demonstrate the presence of signalling networks required for the regulation of myometrial cells proliferation which play an essential role in physiological conditions (gestation) as well as pathological (fibroma) and physiopathological (preterm) conditions
Naudin, Cécile. "Régulation de la signalisation oncogénique de Src par l'adaptateur SLAP dans les cellules de cancer colorectal." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20082.
Full textThe cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase Src mediates intracellular signaling induced by growth factors and integrins. When deregulated, Src acquires oncogenic properties. Src deregulation largely occurs in the absence of mutation of the corresponding gene but the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in this process are still unclear. Here I uncovered a novel mechanism of Src oncogenic induction in colorectal cancer (CRC) via SLAP silencing. SLAP is an adaptor protein and signaling molecule that controls lymphocytes activation. By association with E3-ligase Cbl, SLAP induces proteasomal degradation of important components of T cell receptor signaling, which impedes lymphocytes activation. I show that SLAP is also expressed in the epithelial tissue of the colon, but its expression is frequently lost during tumorigenesis. I also show that SLAP controls tumorigenicity and invasiveness of CRC cells. At the molecular level, SLAP specifies a feedback loop of a Src/EphA2/Akt oncogenic signaling that is initiated by Src itself. Precisely, phosphorylation of EphA2 on Tyr594 by Src creates a binding site for SLAP-SH2 to elicit receptor degradation. This novel SLAP function is independent of Cbl but requires its interaction with the E4-ligase UBE4A. SLAP down-regulation observed in cancer cells dramatically increases EphA2 levels and amplifies a Src/EphA2/Akt signaling required for cell tumorigenicity. Thus, SLAP inactivation defines a novel mechanism of Src oncogenic induction in human cancer
Peyressatre, Marion. "Développement de biosenseurs fluorescents et d’inhibiteurs pour suivre et cibler CDK5/p25 dans le glioblastome." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONT3513/document.
Full textCDK5 is a protein kinase ubiquitously expressed but mainly activated in the central nervous system, where it plays an important role in neuronal functions such as synaptic transmission, axonal guidance and migration, synaptic plasticity and neuronal development. CDK5 is associated with p35 protein at the cell membrane, then activated by calpain-mediated cleavage of p35 into p25, which promotes relocalization of CDK5/p25 into the cytoplasm. CDK5/p25 phosphorylates a wide variety of substrates including Tau, thereby contributing to appearance of neurofibrillary plaques responsable for neurodegenerative pathologies such as comme Alzheimer’s et Parkinson’s, when hyperactivated. More recent studies suggest that CDK5 expression and hyperactivation are involved in glioblastoma during cell invasion and CDK5 expression has been reported to be correlated with the pathological grade of gliomas. However there are currently no tools available to monitor CDK5/p25 activity in its native cellular environment, in tissues or in tumours, due to an overall lack of reliable tools to quantify dynamic changes in its kinase activity in a sensitive and continuous fashion. Furthermore, few inhibitors are currently available to target CDK5/p25 in a specific fashion and most of them are ATP competitive inhibitors.The first goal of my thesis was to develop a fluorescent peptide biosensor named CDKACT5, that specifically reports on recombinant CDK5/p25 and on endogenous CDK5 activity in cell extracts in a dynamic and reversible fashion following stimulation or inhibition of this kinase. Once validated in vitro, this biosensor was applied to detect alterations in CDK5/p25 activity in different glioblastoma cell lines in fluorescent kinase activity assays. Finally CDKACT5 was introduced into cultured neuronal cells to monitor dynamic changes in CDK5/p25 activity by fluorescence imaging and time-lapse microscopy.The second goal of my thesis project consisted in developing a conformational fluorescent biosensor to identify non-ATP competitive inhibitors targeting the activation loop of CDK5. CDKCONF5 was implemented to perform a high throughput screen of three small molecule libraries. The hits identified were validated and characterized to determine their inhibitory potential in kinase activity and proliferation assays, as well as their mechanism of action. These compounds constitute promising for selective chemotherapy in glioblastoma
Prénéta, Rachel. "Contribution à l'étude de la phosphorylation des protéines chez trois espèces bactériennes." Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10155.
Full textPopova, Milena. "Caractérisation et rôle de la phosphorylation de la protéine Rad51." Nantes, 2009. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=f265ac85-cb5b-456d-9217-1cdf0775da90.
Full textLebrun, D'ambrosio Patricia. "Relations entre les voies de signalisation des intégrines et celles de l'insuline et de l'IGF-I : un rôle pour les protéines FAK et IRS-1." Nice, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NICE5476.
Full textTisserand, Julie. "Mise en évidence d'un rôle suppresseur de tumeur pour la protéine tyrosine-kinase FES dans le mélanome." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM5035.
Full textAmong skin cancers, melanoma is the most aggressive and has the worst prognosis. In the last years, new therapeutic tools have been developed but responses differ between patients and are often transient due to resistance mechanisms. This highlights the need to improve understanding of molecular mechanisms of the disease. During my thesis, I have shown for the first time that FES tyrosine kinase is expressed in normal melanocytes, and that its expression is lost at the protein and RNA levels in most melanoma cell lines. The same result is observed in a panel of 12 patients’ short-term cultures. The lack of expression is due to FES promoter hyper-methylation and can be reverted using a hypomethylating agent. By restoring FES expression in two melanoma cell lines, I observe a decrease of oncogenic properties of the cells. Moreover, the analysis of the TCGA data on melanoma indicate that FES expression is strongly decreased or lost in about 40% of patients, and that this loss of expression is correlated with FES promoter methylation. Importantly, patients with low level of FES mRNA have poor prognosis compared to FES expressing patients. Finally, Fes knock-out mice crossed with an inducible melanoma mouse model indicate that tumors proliferation and size are more important under a Fes KO background.In conclusion, by using melanoma cells in vitro, data from melanoma patients and mouse models, I have demonstrated that FES is expressed in normal melanocytes and clearly plays a tumor suppressor role.in melanoma
Luciano, Frédéric. "Apoptose et survie dans les lymphocytes : rôle des tyrosine kinases de la famille SRC et du membre pro-apoptotique de la famille BCL-2, BIM." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE5781.
Full textSaucier, Marc-André. "Le rôle des protéines d’échafaudage Gab dans la transformation des cellules épithéliales intestinales." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5925.
Full textNaud, Josy Baldaheania. "Inhibition du transport des analogues nucléosidiques par l'inhibiteur de tyrosine kinase nilotinib." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/24025.
Full textYang, Wen-Chin. "Le rôle de la protéine tyrosine kinase Tec dans l'activation cellulaire T." Aix-Marseille 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX22116.
Full textSemaan, Noha. "Rôle des protéine tyrosine kinases Tec dans la réponse inflammatoire induite par les interactions PAMPs/PRRs dans la polyarthrite rhumatoïde." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA3005.
Full textBanerjee, Sara Luiza. "Identification de nouvelles protéines effectrices dans la signalisation des récepteurs Eph." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69034.
Full textThe cellular response to extracellular stimuli is often mediated by signaling pathways that act downstream of transmembrane receptors, such as receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). With fourteen members, the Eph family of RTKs is the largest in humans. In contrast to other RTKs, Eph receptor cognate ligands, ephrins, are tethered to the cell surface. This results in Eph receptor-ephrin signaling being mainly involved in short-range cell-cell communication events that regulate cell migration, repulsion and cell-cell adhesion. These events are crucial in biological processes such as axon guidance and tissue boundary formation in the developing and adult organisms. Eph receptors are frequently overexpressed or deregulated in a variety of human tumors, especially in the more aggressive and lethal ones. In recent years, the Eph-ephrin signaling system became an emerging new target for cancer treatment. Although a plethora of Eph receptor biological functions have been extensively studied, we still have a vague idea on the molecular mechanisms of Eph receptor signal transduction, underlying how Eph receptors regulate precise cellular phenotypes. To better understand the Eph receptor signaling system, my studies focused on the identification of novel Eph receptor downstream effector proteins and the determination of their requirement for Eph receptor-regulated functions. To unravel Eph receptor-associated signaling complexes under native conditions, I applied a mass spectrometry (MS)-based approach, namely BioID proximity labeling. This allowed me to overcome the limitations of conventional affinity purification approaches for mapping protein-protein interactions of transmembrane receptors. I obtained a composite signaling network from EphA4, -B2, -B3 and -B4 receptors that comprises 395 proteins, most of which not previously linked to Eph signaling. To test the biological relevance of the identified Eph receptor proximity interactors, I examined the contribution of 17 candidates using a loss-of-function approach in an Eph receptor-dependent cell sorting assay. I showed that depletion of a few candidates, including the signaling scaffold Par3, blocks Eph receptordependent cell sorting. Using affinity purification combined with MS, I further delineated a signaling complex involving C-terminal SRC kinase (CSK), whose recruitment to Par3 complexes is dependent on Eph receptor signals. To further elucidate Eph receptor-centric signaling complexes that are formed upon ephrin binding and are affected by Eph receptor catalytic activity I performed TurboID experiments. I systematically mapped ligand stimulation-dependent signaling networks downstream of EphA4 and EphB2 receptors. I dissected the impact of ephrin-B2 stimulation on the formation of EphA4- nucleated proximal protein complexes. Moreover, I showed the differential recruitment of EphB2 partners upon receptor binding to the same subclass of ligands, ephrin-B1 and ephrin-B2. To explore whether the EphB2 interactions with these two ephrin-B ligands elicit different reverse signaling responses, I delineated ephrin-B1/-B2 proximity partners recruited upon EphB2 stimulation. I also determined that the kinase domain of EphA4/-B2 plays a major role in determining the composition of signaling networks around the receptors, as a loss of catalytic activity led to a drastic decrease in a number of interactors with the receptors. Collectively, my definition of Eph receptor signaling networks sheds light on physiologically relevant Eph receptor-centered protein complexes that occur in living cells. These studies will lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms by which Eph receptors transmit signals at the membrane and give insight into how Eph receptor-mediated signaling pathways contribute to boundary formation, a process often disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Barete, Stéphane. "Implications des tyrosine kinases dans la physiopathologie et la thérapeutique des mastocytoses." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077058.
Full textMastocytosis is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by an accumulation of proliferative mast cells with activation in various tissues. Derived from progenitors, mast cells express the membrane KIT receptor encoded by KIT proto-oncogene, which is involved in cellular differentiation and activation. KIT activating mutations, mainly in exon 17 (816 codon position), have been involved in mastocytosis, However, mutation after KIT sequencing analysis is lacking for some affected adults (5% to 30%) and children (14%) (wild type: WT). So, one can speculate that others tyrosine kinases might be involved in pathophysiology of WT mastocytosis. Targeted therapy is an option for indolent systemic mastocytosis (ISM) when symptomatic care is inefficient, to block KIT WT signal transduction and/or proliferation as observed with imatinib. In this work, we have described mast cells precursors and mutations' frequencies among patients cohorts. In another work about WT patients, we have searched in inflltrated tissues (skin and bone marrow) to identify a specific kinase profile comparing to mutated patients. In this transcriptomic study, focused on kinome, our results showed up-regulation of four kinases TK (JAK3, LYN, TEK, IGF1R) in KIT 816 skin. We have then observed in two studies in ISM, a similar efficacy of masitinib, a new tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which might block LYN kinase, independently of KIT mutational status. If these TK might open therapeutic targets for mutated patients, WT mastocytosis pathophysiology remains to be investigated with others research tools
Vincent, Claire. "Etude du rôle de la protéine Hck, tyrosine kinase de la famille Src, dans la motilité des lysosomes : implication de la polymérisation de l'actine." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU30072.
Full textWhile essential for the destruction of pathogens by phagocytes, the exocytosis of lysosomes remains a partially characterized biological event. The activation of the lysosomal isoform of the Src-tyrosine kinase p61Hck (Hematopoietic cell kinase), is concomitant to the secretion of these organelles and induces important remodelling of the actin cytoskeleton. Moreover, Hck interacts with proteins that are able to induce actin polymerization. The work I performed demonstrated the ability of Hck to induce de novo actin polymerization. In the cellular context, this process triggered the biogenesis of actin-comet tails at the surface of lysosomes associated with Hck. The in vitro reconstitution of this process indicated that other lysosomal proteins were dispensable in this mechanism. In this context, the actin-comet tails biogenesis was dependant on the kinase activity of Hck, WASp, the Arp2/3 complex, Cdc42 and Rho-GDI. This actin-comet biogenesis was correlated to a 35%-acceleration of p61Hck-lysosomes in cells, that was dependent on de novo actin polymerization and required an intact microtubular network. These results establish p61Hck as the first lysosomal protein able to recruit the molecular machinery responsible for actin tail formation. Altogether, these data suggest a new mechanism for lysosome motility involving p61Hck, actin-comet tail biogenesis and the microtubule network
Hanemian, Mathieu. "Rôle de la protéine CLV1 dans la sensibilité d'Arabidopsis thaliana à la bactérie phytopathogène Ralstonia solanacearum." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2754/.
Full textThe molecular mechanisms associated to disease development caused by the phytopathogenic bacteria Ralstonia solanacearum are poorly understood. Search for mutants altered in their response to the pathogen led to the identification of some susceptibility genes including targets of virulence factors as well as plant components required for pathogen fitness. The CLAVATA1 (CLV1) gene, extensively studied for its role in plant development, encodes a receptor-like kinase with a leucin-rich repeat extracellular domain. This protein plays indeed a key role in maintaining a pool of stem cell within the shoot apical meristem. The clv1 mutation leads to an increased resistance to R. Solanacearum, associated with a decrease of in planta bacterial growth. The aim of my PhD work was the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the increased resistance conferred by the clv1 mutation in using different approach (molecular, genetic and transcriptomic). We have been able to demonstrate the implication of the NF-YA transcription factor family, controlled by microRNA miR169, in the increased resistance of these mutants. These results demonstrate that the CLV1 protein is a required component for the establishment of the disease caused by R. Solanacearum. And illustrate the wide diversity of functions fulfilled by receptors kinases
Hamdane, Malika. "Activation de la protéine P65NF- kB dans les cellules transformées par la protéine hybride P210BCR-ABL : étude dans la lignée myéloïde DA1." Lille 1, 1996. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1996/50376-1996-412.pdf.
Full textYannoukakos, Drakoulis. "Structure de la protéine bande 3 érythrocytaire humaine : caractérisation de ses sites de phosphorylation et du polymorphisme "Memphis"." Paris 12, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA120056.
Full textBignon, Jérôme. "Rôle de la protéine tyrosine phosphatase, PTP1C, dans la régularité de l'activité catalytique de la protéine tyrosine kinase pp60c-src et au cours du développement des cellules hématopoietiques." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05CD08.
Full textHubert-Buron, Aurélie. "Stress osmotique et production de cytokines proinflammatoires dans une lignée cellulaire intestinale Caco-2/TC7." Rouen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ROUES037.
Full textThe intestine play a key role in the immune and inflammatory response. Local or systemic intestinal inflammatory response could be deleterious by the uncontrolled and massive production of inflammatory mediators leading to intestinal damages. In the present study, the effect of hyper- and hypoosmotic stresses on the production of two proinflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and IL-8 were investigated in the intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2/TC7. We also studied the potential additivity of to that induced by proinflammatory cytokines and tried to specify the signalling pathway involved in the effect of osmotic stress focusing on IL-8 production. For this purpose, different MAPK and protein tyrosine kinases pathways have been investigated. The results obtained show that Caco-2 cells constitutively produce the chemokine IL-8. IL-8 production is minimal under isoosmolar condition whereas IL-6 production is undetectable under these experimental conditions. Hyper- and hypoosmotic stresses both (i) enhance the endogenous production of IL-8 and induce that of IL-6, and (ii) reinforce cytokine production induced by IL-1ß. Regarding the hypoosmotic stress, the results show the involvement of (i) the protein c-jun-NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and (ii) the protein tyrosine kinase. This is not the case for hyperosmolarity. The signalling for hyperosmotic stress remains still unknown. Moreover, hypoosmotic stress acts partially through activation of the transcription factor. Taken together, these results demonstrate that osmotic stress is a proinflammatory signal in Caco-2 cells and suggest that an osmosensor might specifically exist in intestinal epithelial cells
Chirivino, Dafne. "Rôle de l’ezrine dans l’endocytose et la stabilité des récepteurs de type tyrosine kinase." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112281.
Full textEzrin is a member of the ERM protein family, which provides a regulated linkage between the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. Ezrin has been involved in the trafficking of membrane proteins however its function in this process is as of yet unknown. Two-hybrid screens performed with ezrin as baits led to the identification of proteins involved in membrane protein transport. We analyzed the function of ezrin association with two new interactors: the HOPS complex subunit Vps11 and the E3 ubiquitin ligase WWP1. Vps11 is a member of the tethering HOPS complex that coordinates Rab and SNARE functions during vesicular fusion along the endocytic pathway. We have investigated the role of ezrin/Vps11 interaction in the endocytosis of the EGF receptor. We have shown that the interaction between ezrin and the HOPS complex promotes endosome maturation and is necessary for EGF receptor transport from early to late endosomes, therefore participating in the regulation of EGFR endocytosis and degradation. WWP1 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase of the Nedd4 family. A role for WWP1 was identified in the regulation and degradation of growth factors receptors and transcription factors. We have shown that Ezrin/WWP1 interaction results in ezrin ubiquitylation, but is not involved in regulating ezrin degradation. Rather, we were able to show that this ubiquitylation likely mediates protein interaction and that the binding between ezrin and WWP1 promotes c-Met receptor stabilization. Altogether our results indicate that ezrin participates in the control of tyrosine kinase receptor degradation by regulating the assembly of multimeric complexes involved in protein trafficking and ubiquitylation
Bachet, Jean-Baptiste. "Récepteurs tyrosine-kinase, voies de signalisation et tumeurs digestives." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013VERS0019.
Full textReceptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are pro-oncogenes involved in the pathogenesis of many gastrointestinal tumors. We conducted several studies of translational and basic research on the RTK KIT and the gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). GISTs with delWK557-558 and those with a deletion carrying the two tyrosine residues in KIT exon 11 had the same prognosis. Homozygous GISTs appear more often malignant than heterozygous GISTs. We then reported that homozygous GISTs may be secondary to loss of heterozygosity without loss of genetic material. From cell lines, we demonstrated that the biology of KIT in heterozygous cells was closer to that hemizygous unmutated KIT cells that hemizygous mutated KIT. The hemizygous/heterozygous status on the one hand and the loss or non-tyrosine residues of the KIT exon 11 on the other hand were associated with specific expression profiles of mRNA and miRNAs. Finally, we have described three families with a germline mutation in exon 13 of KIT, and we proposed recommendations for their management