Academic literature on the topic 'Prothrombine time'
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Journal articles on the topic "Prothrombine time"
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Nelly, Nelly, Mansyur Arief, and Ilham Jaya Patellongi. "ANALISIS NILAI CLOTHING TIME, PROTHROMBINE TIME DAN ACTIVATED PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTINE TIME PADA REMAJA OBES." MAGNA MEDICA: Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan 1, no. 5 (March 18, 2019): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/magnamed.1.5.2018.36-43.
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Berdasarkan estimasi WHO, obesitas menjadi masalah kesehatan di dunia. Selain karena insidennya meningkat,juga karena obesitas menimbulkan berbagai komplikasi penyakit metabolik dan vaskuler seperti sindrom metabolik, penyakit jantung, stroke dan gangguan pembekuan darah. Mengingat insiden obesitas pada saat ini telah mengalami pergeseran dari dewasa ke usia anak dan remaja serta berbagai komplikasi yang ditimbulkan oleh obesitas itu sendiri maka dianggap perlu dilakukan deteksi dini adanya gangguan hemostasispada obesitas usia anak dan remaja untuk mencegah komorbiditas obesitas dikemudian hari. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional study yang dilakukan di SMA Katolik Rajawali Makassar dengan menggunakan sampel siswa yang berumur sekitar 10-18 tahun. Dilakukan pemeriksaan antropometrik dan pemeriksaan nilai Clothing Time (TT), Prothrombine Time (PT) dan Activated Partial Thromboplastine Time(aPTT). Obesitas dinyatakan berdasarkan Kategori IMT yang ditentukan berdasarkan ambang batas Z-Score sedangkan kategorilingkar pinggang ditentukan berdasarkan Waist Circumfrence for Hong Kong Chinese Children (2008). Data dianalisis dengan independent t-test untuk menilai perbedaan nilai CT, PT dan aPTT pada remaja obes dan berat badan normal sedangkan uji korelasi pearson digunakan untuk melihat adanya hubungan antara IMT dan LP dengan nilai CT, PT dan aPTT pada remaja obes. Subyek adalah siswa siswi SMA Katolik Rajawali Makassar dengan rerata umur 15 tahun terdiri dari 33 orang laki-laki (22 obesitas,11 normal) dan 16 perempuan (5 obesitas,11 normal). Didapatkan perbedaan bermakna antara nilai CT, PT dan aPTT pada remaja obes dan berat badan normal. Nilai rata-rata CT, PT dan pada kelompok normal adalah masing-masing aPTT 11±1,23; 13,86 ± 0,63 detik ; 32,90 + 1,77 detik dan pada kelompok obes adalah nilai CT,PT dan aPTT adalah 9 ±1,7; 13,11 + 0,59 detik dan 31,92+3,82 detik. Selain itu, terdapat korelasi negatif antara nilai CT,PT dan LP pada remaja obes namun tidak ditemukan adanya korelasi antara IMT dan LP dengan nilai aPTT pada remaja obes. Nilai CT, PT dan aPTT pada remaja obes cenderung memendek dibandingkan dengan berat badan normal.Semakin tinggi nilai IMT dan LP, maka nilai CT, PT dan aPTT semakin memendek. Keywords : obesitas, remaja CT,PT,aPTT
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Petkovska, L., Z. Pereska, Dz Naumovski, C. Bozinovska, D. Petrovski, F. Licoska, and A. Babulovska. "252 Prothrombine time-usefull prognostic marker in amanita phalloides poisoning." Toxicology Letters 144 (September 2003): s70—s71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4274(03)90251-7.
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Villa, P., M. Martinez, J. Aznar, A. Gilsanz, and A. Romar. "Hyper coagulability study of automatized modified prothrombine time kinetic (PTm)." Thrombosis Research 65 (January 1992): S203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0049-3848(92)90718-p.
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Limijadi, Edward Kurnia Setiawan, Lisyani Budi Suromo, and Imam Budiwiyono. "Prothrombine and activated partial thromboplastin time are prolonged in hepatic cirrhosis." Universa Medicina 35, no. 1 (May 9, 2016): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18051/univmed.2016.v35.26-32.
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<p><strong>Background</strong></p><p>Chronic hepatitis and hepatic cirrhosis are chronic liver diseases that cause disorders of liver function, such as the formation of platelets and coagulation factors (prothrombin time/PT and activated partial thromboplastin time/APTT). Chronic hepatitis in the long term can develop into hepatic cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to determine platelet count, PT, and APTT as indicators in the progression of chronic hepatitis towards hepatic cirrhosis.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Metho</strong><strong>d</strong><strong>s</strong></p><p>A cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 patients with chronic hepatitis and hepatic cirrhosis in Semarang City Regional General Hospital, Telogorejo Hospital and Kariadi General Hospital. The platelet count was measured with a Sysmex XP-100, while PT and APTT was measured with a Sysmex CA-1500 coagulometer. The Mann Whitney test was applied to analyze the difference in platelet count, PT, and APTT between chronic hepatitis and hepatic cirrhosis.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Results </strong><strong></strong></p><p>Median, minimum, and maximum values of platelet count, PT and APTT in chronic hepatitis were 284.000/µl, 210.000/µl, 390.000/µl; 10.6 sec, 9.5 sec, 13.6 sec; and 30.5 sec, 24.2 sec, 46.4 sec, respectively, and in hepatic cirrhosis they were 96.300/µl, 48.200/µl, 133.800/µl; 27.5 sec, 11.9 sec, 44.7 sec; and 55.6 sec, 31.3 sec, 72.0 sec, respectively. There was a significant difference the reduction of platelet count, and the prolongation of PT and APTT in chronic hepatitis compared to hepatic cirrhosis (p=0.000).</p><p> </p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong><strong>s</strong></p>Prothrombine time and APTT were prolonged and platelet count was decreased in hepatic cirrhosis subjects. The three parameters may be used to evaluate the progression of chronic hepatitis towards hepatic cirrhosis.
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Wu, Yueh-Wern, Kuan-Dee Chen, and Wen-Chuan Lin. "Effect ofGanoderma tsugaeon Chronically Carbon Tetrachloride-Intoxicated Rats." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 32, no. 06 (January 2004): 841–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x04002454.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective and anti-fibrotic actions of crude extracts of Ganoderma tsugae (GTE) on chronic liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride ( CCl4) in rats. CCl4(20%, 0.5 ml/rat) was given twice a week for 8 weeks, and animals received GTE through the whole experimental period. GTE showed obvious reducing actions on the elevated levels of glutamate-oxalate-transaminase (GOT) and glutamate-pyruvate-transaminase (GPT) caused by CCl4at weeks 3, 6 and 8. Liver fibrosis in rats induced by CCl4led to the drop of serum albumin and hepatic protein concentrations, while GTE increased serum albumin and hepatic protein concentrations. The CCl4-induced liver fibrosis may prolong the prothrombine time and increase albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio. GTE significantly decreased the prothrombine time and A/G ratio. Liver fibrosis induced by CCl4markedly increased the weight of the spleen, hepatic water and hydroxyproline contents in rats, while GTE decreased the rat's spleen weights, hepatic water and hydroxyproline contents. All these results clearly demonstrated that GTE has hepatoprotective and anti-fibrotic activities.
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Ivkin, Dmitriy Yuryevich, Anna Veniaminovna Buryakina, Irina Leonidovna Stepanova, and A. S. Ivkina. "Usage of warfarin as a reference drugin experiments on rats." Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy 11, no. 1 (March 15, 2013): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rcf11146-49.
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The possibility of using indirect anticoagulant warfarin as a reference drug in sсreening researches on rats was considered in the article. The dose of warfarin leading to true increase of prothrombine time without any internal gemorrhagias in animals has been defined. The optimal terms of administration for warfarin were defined. The dose-dependent regularity of warfarin effect from its duration of administration to rats was revealed.
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Limantara, V. Lily, Sudaryat S., I. B. Mudita, W. Retayasa, and M. Kardana. "Effect of oral vitamin K prophylaxis on prothrombine time and activated partial thromboplastin time: a randomized controlled comparison with an intramuscular vitamin K in infants." Paediatrica Indonesiana 47, no. 3 (July 1, 2007): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi47.3.2007.109-14.
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Background Low plasma concentration of vitamin K in thenewborn accounts for serious bleeding in the neonatal period andearly infancy. The aim of prophylactic vitamin K is to preventbleeding. Oral prophylaxis is preferable to intramuscular (IM)administration because oral administration is less expensive andless traumatic.Objective To compare oral vs. intramuscular vitamin K onprothrombine time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) during the first 60 days of life.Methods We randomized newborn infants to either receive oralvitamin K 2 mg at birth and repeated at 7 and 30 days of life orthe 1 mg intramuscular vitamin K. PT and APTT were monitoredat 0, 15, and 45 days of age. Independent t-test, repeatedmeasurement, and regression analysis were used for statisticalanalyses and comparison of the results.Results Fifty infants were assigned into the oral group and 50 tothe IM group. All participants completed 60 days of study. BothPT and APTT decreased after administration of oral or IM vitaminK, and the values did not differ significantly at any time pointand through the period of investigation. Using regression analysisit was shown that only vitamin K administration was correlatedwith PT and APTT with P value were 0.044 and 0.036,respectively. During 60 days of study, there was no hemorrhagicdiathesis in both groups.Conclusions Through the first 60 days of life, 3 doses of oralvitamin K maintain hemostasis by decreasing PT and APTT ininfants at values equal to those achieved by the intramuscularpreparation. Diathesis hemorrhagic event did not occur in bothgroups.
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Rohmah, Martina Kurnia, and Djelang Zainuddin Fickri. "Uji Aktivitas Antiplatelet, Antikoagulan, dan Trombolitik Alkaloid Total Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) secara in Vitro." Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis 7, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jsfk.7.2.115-125.2020.
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Daun pepaya memiliki kandungan beberapa senyawa alkaloid (karpain, pseudokarpain, dehydrokarpain I, dehydrokarpain II, dan emetin). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antiplatelet, antikoagulan, dan trombolitik alkaloid total daun pepaya secara in vitro. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 5 perlakuan: kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, alkaloid total daun pepaya (konsentrasi 0.5, 1.0, dan 2.0 mg/mL) dengan parameter persentasi inhibisi agregasi, persentase inhibisi koagulasi dari nilai Clotting Time (CT), Prothrombine Time (PT), dan Activated Parsial Thromboplastine Time (APTT), dan daya fibrinolitik. Berdasarkan analisis statistik diketahui bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara persentase inhibisi agregasi alkaloid total dibanding kontrol negative, namun tidak berbeda dengan kontrol positif (clopidogrel). Pada uji antikoagulan, alkaloid total daun pepaya secara signifikan dapat memperpanjang CT, PT, dan APTT yang berbeda signifikan dengan kontrol negatif, namun tidak berbeda dengan kontrol positif (heparin). Hasil uji trombolitik menunjukkan bahwa alkaloid total daun pepaya dapat meningkatkan persentase trombolitik yang berbeda dengan kontrol negatif, namun tidak berbeda signifikan dengan kontrol positif (nattokinase).
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Jajeh, Ahmad. "Management of Major Bleeding Caused By Rivaroxaban and the Use of Desmopressin." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 5099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.5099.5099.
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Abstract Rivaroxaban is a new anticoagulant that is substituted for Coumadin on a large scale in the treatment and prevention of Deep Vein Thrombosis DVT and Pulmonary Embolism PE. It is an oral agent that inhibits Factor Xa. The most attractive attribute of this new anticogulant is the lack of monitoring PT/INR. However, out of many cases put on Rivaroxaban a few reports of major and threatening bleed that could be fatal. Particularly, the the GI bleeding. Unfortunately, no set standard antidote or management is available when such catastrophic bleeds happen. This abstract present our experience with three major bleeding cases that presented with massive GI bleeding. Two are associated with peptic ulcer upon Upper GI endoscopy. Two males and one female age 60, 71 (males) and 71 (female). The first two patients were treated with Prothrombin complex product. The female patient presented with sever anemia of 4 grams of Hb with hematemesis and bright red blood per rectum. The Prothrombin complex product was not readly available . She was given multipe doses of Fresh Frozen Plasma FFP and multiple units of packed red blood cells. She was also given a product Profilnine which contains Factor II, IX and VII. Patient's coagulation profile of PTT, PT and Thrombin time were corrected. However, she continue to have bright blood per NG suction. Upon receiving D-DAVP Desmopressin 0.3 micrograms per Kg she stopped bleeding and EGD was done later with sclerosing treatment of gastric ulcer and ligation. Patient was given later a small dose of Prothrombine complex when was available since the last dose of Rivaroxaban was given less than 13 hours from her presentation to the hospital. All of the mentioned patients had prolongation of PT/INR/PTT at presentation. Thrombin time was monitored in all of them. All patients had survived the magor GI bleeding. D-DAVP were given to all of them. In conclusion D-DAVP Desmopressin should be considered as an adjuvant drug in patient presentong with major GI bleeding secondary to Rivaroxaban. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Kwon, Seung Yeon, Jung Woo Han, Sung Chul Won, Jaewoo Song, and Chuhl Joo Lyu. "Analysis of Children with Coagulation Test Abnormality in Pre-Surgical Evaluation." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 4080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.4080.4080.
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Abstract Prothrombine time (PT) and activated prothrombine time (aPTT) are common tests used for screening of coagulation function before surgical procedures. We analyzed underlying causes of abnormal coagulation test results which were incidentally found during pre-surgical evaluation in healthy patients without definite bleeding history. Total 58 children referred to pediatric hematoloy service for abnormal PT and aPTT results in pre-surgical evaluation between June 2006 and May 2008 were analyzed retrospectively by review of medical records. 50 patients showed aPTT prolongation, 5 patients PT prolongation, 2 patients PT and aPTT prolongation and another three patients showed normal PT and aPTT. Among 55 patients with abnormal results, 25 patients (43%) were recovered spontaneously during their follow up tests, 17 patients (29%) showed lower level of certain coagulation factor than reference range and the other 13 patients were lost during follow up despite of recommendation for further evaluation. Mean value of international normalized ratio (INR) for PT and aPTT of the patients recovered spontaneously were 1.05±0.11, 44.53±5.01seconds(s), and 1.12±0.11, 47.0±5.36s in patients with lower level of coagulation factor, showing significant increase of PTT in patients with lower factor levels (p<0.05). Median time required for spontaneous recovery was four weeks and 18 patients (72%) were recovered within this time. Among 17 patients with lower level of certain coagulation factor then reference level, there were 11 patients with low factor XII level, three patients with low factor VIII level, three patients with low von Willebrand factor, two patients each for low factor VII and factor XI and one patient with low factor V level. Among them three patients with low level in von Willebrand factor, one patient with low factor VII and two patients with low factor XI showed deficient level of coagulation factors requiring factor replacement for the surgical procedures. From this analysis of patients with incidentally found PT or aPTT prolongation, 43% of patients were spontaneously recovered during follow up period within 4 weeks in median. However, we also found that 29% of patients had relatively lower level of coagulation factor than reference range. Even though most of them were factor XII decrease which is not closely related with bleeding tendency, six patients had significant deficiencies of coagulation factors requiring factor replacement during surgical procedures. These results suggest that we should keep following up and undergo adequate evaluation for underlying coagulation factor deficiencies in patients who have sustaining PT and aPTT prolongation abnormalities despite of absence of any bleeding history.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Prothrombine time"
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Nadeau, Cheryl. "A statistical comparison of fingerstick and routine laboratory prothrombin time and international normalized ratio (INR) measurements /." Staten Island, N.Y. : [s.n.], 1998. http://library.wagner.edu/theses/nursing/1998/thesis_nur_1998_nadea_stati.pdf.
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Balzan, Silvio Márcio Pegoraro. "Avaliação de critério pós-operatório de insuficiência hepática como fator prognóstico de mortalidade após hepatectomia: importância da alteração combinada do tempo de protrombina e da bilirrubina sérica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5154/tde-29012007-170755/.
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INTRODUÇÃO. A definição de insuficiência hepática pós-operatória (IHP) não é ainda padronizada, dificultando a comparação de inovações em procedimentos hepáticos e tornando complexo o uso de possíveis intervenções terapêuticas pós- operatórias em um momento adequado. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS. Entre 1998 e 2002, 775 resecções hepáticas eletivas, dos quais 531 (69%) por doenças malignas e 464 (60%) consistindo em hepatectomias maiores, foram incluídas de maneira prospectiva em um banco de dados. O parênquima hepático não-tumoral foi anormal em 330 pacientes (43%) incluindo esteatose em mais que 30% dos hepatócitos em 107 (14%), fibrose sem cirrose em 237 (43%) e cirrose em 94 (12%). Foi analisado o impacto sobre a mortalidade da ocorrência de tempo de protrombina (TP) menor que 50% e bilirrubina total sérica (BT) maior que 50 µmol/L (3 mg/dl) (critério 50-50) nos dias pós-operatórios (PO) 1, 3, 5 e 7. RESULTADOS. A cinética pós-operatória do TP e da BT foram diferentes. O menor nível de TP foi no primeiro dia pós-operatório (PO) e o pico de BT foi no terceiro dia PO. A tendência ao retorno para valores pré-operatórios destes dois fatores bioquímicos se firmou claramente no quinto DPO. A mortalidade operatória global foi de 3.4% (26 pacientes), incluindo 21 (81%) casos com parênquima não-tumoral anormal e 20 (77%) após uma hepatectomia maior. O índice de mortalidade foi maior em pacientes com TP < 50% ou BT > 50 µmol/L (3 mg/dl) no pós-operatório. A conjunção de TP < 50% e BT > 50 µmol/L (3 mg/dl) no quinto DPO foi potente fator preditivo de mortalide, a qual atingiu 59% quando esta associação ocorreu. CONCLUSÕES. A partir do quinto dia PO, a associação de TP > 50% e BT > 50 µml/L (3 mg/dl) (critério 50-50) foi preditor prático e acurado de índice de mortalidade após hepatectomia. Propõe-se assim este critério como definição de insuficiência hepática pós-operatória.INTRODUCTION. Definition of postoperative liver failure (PLF) is not standardized, rendering complex the comparison of novelties in liver procedures and also the use of possible postoperative therapeutic interventions in due time. METHODS. Between 1998 and 2002, 775 elective liver resections, whence 531 (69%) were for malignancies and 464 (60%) for major resections, were included in a prospective database. The non- tumorous hepatic parenchima was abnormal in 330 patients (43%) including steatosis > 30% in 107 (14%), non-cirrhotic fibrosis in 237 (43%) and cirrhosis in 94 (12%). The clinical impact of Prothrombin Time (PT) < 50% and Serum Bilirubin (SB) > 50µmol/L (3 mg/dl) (50-50 criteria) on postoperative days (POD) 1, 3, 5 and 7 was analyzed. RESULTS. Kinetic of postoperative PT and SB were different. Lowest PT levels were on POD1 and the peak of SB was on POD 3. The tendency to return to preoperative values of these two biochemical factors was clearly affirmed on POD 5. Operative mortality was 3.4% (26 patients), including 21 (81%) cases with abnormal liver parenchyma and 20 (77%) following major hepatectomies. Mortality rate was increased in patients with PT < 50% or SB > 50µmol/L (3mg/dl). The conjunction of PT < 50% and SB > 50µmol/L (3 mg/dl) on POD 5 was a strong predictive factor of increased mortality, which reached 59%. CONCLUSIONS We found that after postoperative day 5, the association of PT > 50% and SB > 50µml/L (3 mg/dl) (50-50 criteria) was a simple and accurate predictor of mortality after hepatectomy. These results allow us to propose this criteria as a definition of postoperative liver failure.
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Karlsson, Jessica. "Sample cradle prevents pre-analytic error on platelet counts but is not essential for hemoglobin measurement and prothrombin time." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för medicinsk biokemi och mikrobiologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-182146.
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Introduction: It is recommended to place all the vacuum tubes directly on a sample cradle after vein puncture to prevent analytic error. This recommendation is not always easy to follow because the samples are taken by different professionals under different situations. The three most common analyses, platelets count, haemoglobin and prothrombin time were tested. Therefore, it was interesting to compare results from the three most common analyses with or without sample cradle, to evaluate the influence of this step on the result. Methods: Three analyses were preformed, using blood from 50 different persons. Each person gave two vacuum tubes, each contained 4.5mL of venous blood for the study. Tubes containing EDTA were used for platelet counts and measurement of haemoglobin and tubes containing citrate were used for prothrombin time-analysis. One of the tubes was placed, as recommended, directly on the sample cradle while the other tube was placed flat on a bench for 10 minutes before it was placed on the sample cradle. Results: There was a clear difference in platelet counts with and without immediate cradling but only minor difference between the results for haemoglobin and International Normalized Ratio. Conclusion: Some analyses seem to be more sensitive for variation in cradling than others. For platelet count it was important to immediately rock the tubes but for determination of prothrombine time and hemoglobin it had a small impact. The small impact on the results is probably due to the efficiency of the anticoagulant in the vacuum tubes.
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Sousa, Ivancia Donato de Luna. "Estudos hemostáticos secundários causados pela peçonha bruta, frações proteicas e proteínas isoladas da peçonha de Crotalus durissus terrificus." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2017. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/9414.
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Snakebites (Ophidism) are listed by the World Health Organization as a neglected tropical disease and are considered a public health problem. Among the activities triggered by envenoming from Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venom, the coagulant one is intriguing and contradictory, curious and contradictory, since the venom has, in its composition, coagulation precursor proteins and anticoagulant proteins. The present work describes, in vitro, the performance of crude venom, protein fractions and purified proteins of Crotalus durissus terrificus venom on the coagulation factors of human plasma secondary hemostasis. The coagulant and / or anticoagulant activity of crude venom, protein fractions and purified proteins were evaluated directly on human citrated plasma. Changes in Prothrombin Time (PT) and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) were measured with commercial kits. Clots formed in the presence of crude venom, protein fraction # 7 and Gyroxin displayed as a hyaline flexible mass and steady state. The evaluation of the clot formation time in the presence of the protein fractions # 1 to # 6 and isolated proteins (Crotoxin complex, Crotoxin A, Crotoxin B and Crotamine), after the commercial tests (PT and APTT), allowed to infer that these proteins interfere in all pathways of the coagulation cascade. Therefore, the Crotoxin A, Crotoxin B, Crotoxin and Crotamine proteins may act similarly to some anticoagulants direct inhibitors of thrombin, factor Xa and antithrombin III activator. Moreover, Crotoxin B can inhibits the formation of the prothrombinase complex by direct interaction with factor Xa. Consequently, the protein content from C. d. terrificus snake venom can act synergistically in coagulation and dysfunction and / or inhibition of natural anticoagulants unbalancing hemostasis.
Acidentes ofídicos (ofidismo) são listados, pela Organização Mundial de Saúde, como doença tropical negligenciada e são considerados um problema de saúde pública. Dentre as atividades desencadeadas pelo empeçonhamento por Crotalus durissus terrificus, a coagulante é curiosa e contraditória, pois a peçonha apresenta, em sua composição, proteínas precursoras da coagulação e proteínas anticoagulantes. O presente trabalho descreve, in vitro, a atuação da peçonha bruta, de frações proteicas e proteínas purificadas da peçonha de Crotalus durissus terrificus sobre os fatores de coagulação da hemostasia secundária do plasma humano. A atividade coagulante e/ou anticoagulante da peçonha bruta, frações proteicas e proteínas purificadas foram avaliadas diretamente sobre o plasma citratado humano e as alterações no Tempo de Protrombina (TP) e no Tempo de Tromboplastina Parcial Ativada (TTPA) foram aferidos com kits comerciais. Os coágulos formados na presença da peçonha bruta, da fração proteica #7 e da Giroxina apresentaram-se como uma massa hialina de textura flexível e pontual. A avaliação do tempo de formação dos coágulos na presença das frações proteicas #1 até #6 e das proteínas isoladas Crotoxina, Crotoxina A, Crotoxina B e Crotamina, após a aplicação dos testes comerciais (PT e APTT), possibilitou inferir que essas proteínas interferem em todas as vias da cascata de coagulação. Por conseguinte, as proteínas Crotoxina A, Crotoxina B, Crotoxina e Crotamina podem atuar de forma semelhante a alguns anticoagulantes inibidores direto de trombina, do fator Xa e do ativador da antitrombina III. Ainda, a Crotoxina B pode inibir a formação do complexo protrombinase por interação direta com o fator Xa. Consequentemente, o conteúdo proteico da peçonha de C. d. terrificus pode atuar de forma sinérgica na coagulação e na disfunção e/ou inibição dos anticoagulantes naturais desequilibrando a hemostasia.
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Osman, Abdimajid. "Studies on warfarin treatment with emphasis on inter-individual variations and drug monitoring." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Linköping University, 2007. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2007/med1000s.pdf.
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Dias, Marinês Lavall. "AVALIAÇÃO DO FIBRINOGÊNIO, TEMPO DE PROTROMBINA TEMPO DE TROMBOPLASTINA PARCIAL ATIVADA E FATORES DE RISCO EM PACIENTES COM INFARTO AGUDO DO MIOCÁRDIO." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2006. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6050.
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It was looked to stand out the importance of discover laboratorial parameters that are auxiliary to the diagnostic of acute infarction of myocardial (AMI). The AMI is one of the biggest problems of public health in the world. Due to this fact, it is of major importance to find laboratorial parameters with quality and reasonable costs. In the present study fibrinogen concentrations measured during acute phase of AMI were related to cardiovascular death or a new AMI event. This incidence was higher in the etary range of 44 to 75 years in men; and 56 to 90 in women. Approximately 73% of patients presented familiar history of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), 66% smoked, 63% presented hypertension and 81% sedentary. It was also observed elevated cases of AMI in extreme temperature days. For the fibrinogen concentrations (FBR), results demonstrated significant difference (p<0.05) between the control and infarction group patients. For protrombin time, troponine (TROP), creatinokinase, CK-MB and leukocytes count, results showed statically difference between groups. However, TTPa, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides levels presented no significant difference between studied groups. In conclusion, this work demonstrated a increasing fibrinogen concentration in patients with AMI, revealing that it may be adequate as a cardiac marker for AMI.Procurou-se ressaltar a importância de determinados parâmetros laboratoriais que auxiliem o diagnóstico do infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM). O IAM é um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública no mundo. Devido a isso, torna-se importante encontrar parâmetros laboratoriais de qualidade e baixo custo, para a caracterização do IAM. Concentrações altas de fibrinogênio determinados durante a fase aguda do IAM, foram associadas com morte cardiovascular ou um novo evento de IAM. A incidência de IAM é maior em homens na faixa etária de 44 a 75 anos; e nas mulheres entre 56 a 90 anos. Dos pacientes avaliados neste estudo, 73% apresentavam história familiar de doença arterial coronariana (DAC); 66% fumavam, 63% apresentavam hipertensão e 81% era sedentária. Foi observado que nos dias frios ou com temperaturas extremas aumentou o número de IAM. Para as concentrações de fibrinogênio (fbr), tempo de protrombina (TP), tempo de tromboplastina ativada (TTPa), troponina (TROP), creatinoquinase (CK), creatinoquinase fração MB, CK-MB, contagem de leucócitos, a média dos resultados obtidos apresentou diferença significativa entre os grupos controle e infartados. No entanto para o TTPa, colesterol total, HDL, LDL, triglicerídeos as médias observadas não apresentaram diferença significativa. Neste trabalho foi possível observar o aumento da concentração de fibrinogênio e no tempo de protrombina dos pacientes com IAM.
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Ferreira, Caroline Marcondes. "Potencial de geração de trombina e sua relação com o tempo de protrombina em pacientes com cirrose." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5168/tde-27022019-145125/.
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Introdução: Pacientes com cirrose possuem altos níveis de fator VIII e preservação da trombomodulina (TM) (ativador da proteína C) apesar da redução global nas concentrações dos procoagulantes e anticoagulantes naturais. Isto não é levado em conta no teste de TP/INR, o qual não requer a adição de trombomodulina. Deste modo, o TP/INR não é capaz de demonstrar a magnitude da geração de trombina, em condições similares à que ocorre in vivo. De fato, o teste de TP/INR mede o lado procoagulante e se correlaciona com somente 5% do total de trombina gerada. Nossa hipótese é que a geração de trombina está bem preservada na cirrose, ainda que avançada, apesar dos resultados anormais do TP/INR, os quais indicariam coagulopatia. Objetivo: correlacionar os resultados do teste TP/INR com a geração de trombina nos pacientes com cirrose após procedimento invasivo (ligadura elástica de varizes esofagianas - LEVE). Pacientes e métodos: 97 pacientes foram consecutivamente incluídos no estudo (58 homens; 54±10 anos) e divididos em dois grupos INR < 1,5 e INR >= 1,5. Todos os pacientes passaram por uma criteriosa análise clínica e laboratorial, que incluiu revisão dos prontuários, determinação do TP/INR e da geração de trombina (ETP) com e sem adição de trombomodulina e cálculo do rETP (razão dos resultados com e sem adição de trombomodulina). Resultados: Não houve diferença significante na média dos valores de ETP sem trombomodulina no grupo INR < 1,5 (n=72), que foi 1.250±315,7 nmol/min quando comparada ao grupo INR >= 1,5 (n=25), cujos valores foram 1.186±238 nmol/min, p=0,3572. Após adição de trombomodulina, os valores mudaram para 893,0±368,6 e 965,9±232,3 nmol/min, respectivamente (p=0,6265). Ambos os grupos apresentaram preservação da geração de trombina, com valores mais elevados no grupo INR >= 1,5 do que no grupo de pacientes com INR < 1,5 (rETP 0,81±0,1 versus 0,69±0,2; p=0,0042). Evidência de hipercoagulabilidade (valores altos de rETP) foi demonstrada em 80% dos pacientes. Mesmo pacientes com INR >= 1,5 apresentam geração de trombina preservada, o que justificaria a baixa prevalência de sangramento após ligadura elástica de varizes esofagianas (5,2%; 3 pacientes no grupo INR < 1,5 e 2 pacientes no grupo INR >= 1,5). Conclusões: a geração de trombina se encontrou preservada nos pacientes com cirrose e os valores anormais de INR não refletiram a ocorrência de sangramento. A maioria dos pacientes mostrou evidência de hipercoagulabilidade, apesar do INR alargado. Sangramento após LEVE ocorreu em pequena parcela dos pacientes e não foi relacionado ao status da coagulaçãoIntroduction: Patients with cirrhosis have higher levels of factor VIII and preservation of endothelial thrombomodulin (protein C activator) in spite of the global reduction in procoagulant and natural anticoagulant concentrations. This is not taken into account in the laboratory test of INR/PT, which does not require the addition of thrombomodulin and, thus, is not able to emulate the generation of thrombin that happens in vivo. In fact, INR/PT is a measure of procoagulant status and correlates with only 5% of the total amount of generate thrombin. We hypothesized that thrombin generation is well preserved in cirrhosis, even in advanced stages, despite the abnormal result of INR/PT, which would indicate coagulopathy. Aims: to correlated INR/PT with thrombin generation in patients with cirrhosis in the elective setting of an invasive procedure (endoscopic variceal ligation- EVL). Patients and Methods: 97 consecutive patients were prospectively included in this study (58 men; 54±10 years old) and divided into two groups INR < 1.5 and INR >= 1.5. All patients underwent a stringent clinical and laboratory assessment which included review of the clinical chart, INR/PT determinations and assessment of endogenous thrombin potencial (ETP) without and with the addition of thrombomodulin and calculation of the ETP ratio (rETP= without/with thrombomodulin). Results: There was no significant difference in the mean value of ETP without thrombomodulin that was 1,250±315.7nmol/min for patients with INR < 1.5 (n=72) and 1,186±238 in those with INR >= 1.5 (n=25); p= 0.3572. After the addition of thrombomodulin, values changed to 893.0±368.6 and 965.9±232.3, respectively (p= 0.6265). Both groups had preserved thrombin generation, which was higher in patients with INR >=1.5 than in patients with INR < 1.5 (rETP 0.81±0.1 versus 0.69±0.2; p=0.0042). Evidence of hypercoagulability (high rETP) was demonstrated in 80% of patients. Even patients with INR >= 1.5 had preserved thrombin generation, which is likely to account for the low prevalence of post-EVL bleeding (5.2%; n=3 with INR < 1.5 and n=2 with INR >= 1.5). Conclusions: thrombin generation was well preserved in patients with cirrhosis and was not reflected by abnormal results of INR. Most of the patients had evidence of hypercoagulability, despite enlarged INR. Post-procedure bleeding occurred in a small subset of the patients and was not related to the coagulation status
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Hsieh, Yao-Chih, and 謝曜至. "A Fully Integrated Prothrombin Time Test on the Centrifugal Platform." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95891370880562565932.
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碩士逢甲大學
化學工程學系
104
The purpose of this work is to improve the microfluidic functions and the stability and accuracy of the test results by studying the fluid flow behavior of decanting process for various properties of fluid. In the past, a centrifugal analyzer was successfully developed, which is able to conduct whole blood separation, plasma decanting, mixing with the reagents, and present the test results within a few minutes. However, it still had some problems need to be solved such as tedious liquid loading and the instability of decanted volume for plasma decanting. To deal with above-motioned problem, we conducted a systematic study to figure out the mechanism of decanting process in order to develop a more robust microfluidic functions, especially for the blood and reagent decanting. In addition, we improving the analyzer by developing the reagent storage techniques and the double-layer aliquoting structure. The user only need to load the whole blood sample and water into the reservoirs individually. An automated blood coagulation test, which is able to yield consistent test results, can be achieved using this system.
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Wu, Jia-Huei, and 吳家慧. "Development of Centrifugal Platforms for Prothrombin Time & Immunoreaction Tests." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92261466137956235012.
Full textAbstract:
碩士逢甲大學
化學工程學所
98
The first goal of this study is to develop a microfluidic disc platform for conducting prothrombin time tests with low liquid volume. Prothrombin time is a sensitive test for oral anticoagulant therapy. Patients taking too much or too little anticoagulants may cause bleeding or blood clotting. Therefore, these patients need to monitor the prothrombin time of their blood regularly after taking oral anticoagulants. Literatures also showed that patients under intensive monitoring can improve their survival rate. In this study, prothrombin time tests were performed on a microfluidic disc platform, which including microfluidic disc, motor control and optical detection system. 101 clinical samples were tested by the microfluidic disc analyzer and the automated blood coagulation analyzer (Sysmex CA1500), which is the instrument currently used in Taichung Veterans General Hospital. The test results showed that there is a high correlation and good agreement between the two instruments. The microfluidic disc analyzer we developed demonstrated good portability and is friendly to use. In addition, the volume of the reagent and plasma required for the microfluidic disc analyzer is only 10 percent of volume required for the Sysmex CA1500. The second goal of this study is to develop a surface modification techniques used for ovarian cancer (CA 125) detection. Various surface modification techniques were carried out on a PMMA substrate and its ability for the antibody adsorption is measured. The experimental results showed that antibody adsorption on a surface of TEOS modified PMMA is equivalent to the one on the surface of a microtiter plate. In addition, it is superior to pristine PMMA, allylamine plasma treated PMMA, as well as PEI modified PMMA.
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Cheng, Jen-Hao, and 鄭人豪. "Development of a POC Prothrombin Time Test Device on Microfluidic Discs." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77014700304315770856.
Full textAbstract:
碩士逢甲大學
化學工程學所
95
Prothrombin Time (PT) test is a sensitive monitoring test for oral anticoagulant therapy. Patients with heart and other diseases may take blood-thinning drugs to prevent clotting. These drugs have a “narrow” therapeutic range; Too much blood thinner can cause hemorrhage, while too little can allow clots to form and obstruct blood vessels, causing stroke or death. Patients taking oral anticoagulant therapy usually had a PT test every one or two months during the regular visit to their doctors. By using an in-home test kit, they can test themselves as often as their doctors recommended. In this research project, a point-of-care PT test on a microfluidic disc analyzer is developed with the integration of motor control, optical property measurement and microchannels. Both dry and wet reagent methods were conducted and the test results were compared with the ones measured by Sysmex CA-500. The experimental results showed good repeatability for both methods. However, the experimental results also showed that the prothrombin time measured by the dry reagent method is longer than the wet reagent method. The reason for this deviation was discussed and it was found that the activity of the dry reagent, the mixing efficiency in the microchannel and the solubility of the PT reagent play important roles on the extension of the prothrombin time.
Books on the topic "Prothrombine time"
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Beattie, R. Mark, Anil Dhawan, and John W.L. Puntis. Acute liver failure. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198569862.003.0063.
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Definition 476Aetiology 476Therapy 480Complications 480Transplantation 484Liver support system 484Prognosis 485Acute liver failure (ALF) in children is defined as ‘a rare multisystem disorder in which severe impairment of liver function, with or without encephalopathy, occurs in association with hepatocellular necrosis in a patient with no recognized underlying chronic liver disease’. Liver function is considered severely impaired if prothrombin time (PT) is >15 s or international normalized ratio (INR) is >1.5 and not corrected by vitamin K, in the presence of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) or a PT >20 s or INR >2.0 in the absence of HE....
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Matthew Kynes, J. Hemophilia (Presentation in Emergency Surgery). Edited by Matthew D. McEvoy and Cory M. Furse. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190226459.003.0085.
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Hemophilia is a complex disease of variable severity that affects clotting function and has significant implications in perioperative and emergency care. Hereditary or de novo mutations cause deficiencies in factor VIII or IX production, which may manifest as spontaneous bleeding into joint spaces, muscles, or other sites in severe forms of the disease. Intracranial bleeding is one of the most serious and often fatal complications. In a patient with abnormal bleeding, laboratory results indicative of hemophilia include an increased partial prothromboplastin time (PT), with normal prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PTT/INR) and normal platelet count. The diagnosis is confirmed with specific factor assays. Advances in prophylaxis with factor replacement have improved outcomes and reduced bleeding episodes in hemophilia. However, patients with hemophilia may present emergently for operation and require factor replacement. In patients that have developed antibodies to factor replacement, clotting factor bypass agents may be required to control bleeding.
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Stanworth, Simon, and Stuart McKechnie. Pathophysiology of disordered coagulation. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0269.
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Imbalances in the regulation of haemostasis may manifest as bleeding (depletion of pro-coagulant factors) or thrombosis (deficiency of anti-coagulants). Disordered haemostasis is common in critically-ill patients and may result from infection, trauma, haemorrhage, inflammation, organ dysfunction (notably renal and liver dysfunction), or drug therapy. Complex patterns of coagulopathy where both bleeding and prothrombotic tendencies co-exist are well recognized in critical illness. The limitations of standard laboratory coagulation tests to predict bleeding risk, including activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time, are well recognized. These assays were developed for diagnosis of inherited bleeding disorders or for monitoring of anticoagulant therapy. This has led to increased interest in global haemostatic tests, such as viscoelastic and thrombin generation tests. Thromboembolism is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in critically-ill patients. While inherited causes of bleeding appear to be often related to single gene abnormalities, thrombotic tendencies appear to reflect more complex interactions between inherited and acquired factors. Many interactions exist between coagulation pathways and inflammation. Systemic inflammation triggers widespread activation of coagulation, with pro-inflammatory cytokines activating pro-coagulant pathways and downregulating anticoagulant pathways. A net result of this interaction between inflammatory and coagulation pathways in sepsis is thrombin generation, intravascular fibrin deposition and a consumptive coagulopathy.
Book chapters on the topic "Prothrombine time"
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Hawes, Harvey G., Bryan A. Cotton, and Laura A. McElroy. "Prothrombin Time." In Encyclopedia of Trauma Care, 1357–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29613-0_83.
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Poller, L. "Prothrombin time (PT)." In Laboratory Techniques in Thrombosis - a Manual, 45–61. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4722-4_6.
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Poller, L. "The prothrombin time test." In ECAT Assay Procedures A Manual of Laboratory Techniques, 41–45. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2992-3_5.
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Ignjatovic, Vera. "Prothrombin Time/International Normalized Ratio." In Haemostasis, 121–29. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-339-8_9.
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Goel, Ruchika, and Paul M. Ness. "Prothrombin and Partial Thromboplastin Time." In Trauma Induced Coagulopathy, 221–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28308-1_14.
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Crowe, Elizabeth P., Ruchika Goel, and Paul M. Ness. "Prothrombin and Partial Thromboplastin Time." In Trauma Induced Coagulopathy, 265–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53606-0_16.
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Siegemund, A., S. Köhler, and T. Siegemund. "Relation Between Prothrombin Mutation 20210 G→A, Prothrombin Time, Factor V Leiden, and Prothrombin Level." In 30th Hemophilia Symposium Hamburg 1999, 266–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18240-2_36.
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Damodaran, Senthilkumar, and Spero R. Cataland. "Excessive Bleeding with Normal Prothrombin Time, Partial Thromboplastin Time, and Platelet Count." In The Coagulation Consult, 87–97. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9560-4_6.
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Favaloro, Emmanuel J. "Optimizing the Verification of Mean Normal Prothrombin Time (MNPT) and International Sensitivity Index (ISI) for Accurate Conversion of Prothrombin Time (PT) to International Normalized Ratio (INR)." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 59–74. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7196-1_4.
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Gralnick, Harvey R., and Olga J. Wilson. "Cold-Promoted Activation of Factor VII and Shortening of the Prothrombin Time." In The New Dimensions of Warfarin Prophylaxis, 113–29. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5985-3_9.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Prothrombine time"
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Xin, Lifei, and Hong Liu. "An Electrochemical Sensor for Prothrombin-Time Test." In Proceedings of the 2018 3rd International Conference on Advances in Materials, Mechatronics and Civil Engineering (ICAMMCE 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icammce-18.2018.3.
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Siekmann, U., D. Dittrih, and R. E. Zimmermann. "PHOTOMETER-LINKED MICROCOMPUTER SYSTEM ENABLES PRECISE CHROMOGENIC PROTHROMBIN TIME ASSAYS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644809.
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In coagulation diagnostics photometric assay procedures are in widespread use. Due to the availability of new specific chromogenic peptide substrates, automated instruments play an important role in clinical routine laboratory diagnosis. For research work, the benefit of expensive industrial photometric coagulation systems is questionable, especially as the program cannot be adapted by the user. For this purpose we developed an inexpensive microcomputer-controlled measuring system as well as a suitable photometric assay which allows to determine chromogenic clotting times with any conventional spectrophotometer.Absorbance data were taken from the analog chart-recorder output of a double-beam spectrophotometer, digitized by a 12 bit analog-to-digital converter and read by the computer via an interface. Menu driven, user orientated / user dialogue based compiled BASIC software was written to enable data acquisition and processing.During the chromogenic assay procedure, automatically collected absorbance data were displayed, stored, analyzed immediately, saved on disk for later kinetic analysis and printed.Preliminary results with our chromogenic PT-assay indicate excellent reproducabi1ity of the test. The clotting time itself is defined as the interval from the beginning of the test to the moment when a preselected absorbance change occurred. Standard curves can automatically be calculated by regression routines after measurement of reference values.It must be emphasized that the occurence of fibrinogen-generated turbidity during the chromogenic assay sometimes influences the total absorbance significantly. For this reason the reaction time has to be limited by a low optical endpoint setting.
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Seveso, M. P., A. Macagni, S. Viganò D'Angelo, C. Manotti, P. A. Bonini, and A. D'Angelo. "PROTHROMBIN TIME MONITORING OF ORAL ANTICOAGULANT TREATMENT: COMPARISON OF INSTRUMENTS AND THROMBOPLASTINS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643262.
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The prothrombin time (PT) is the most widely used assay to monitor oral anticoagulation (OA). Although it has been established that both thromboplastin and instrumentation significantly affect the results, major standardization attempts have been devoted to the calibration of reagents rather than of instruments. To provide safe laboratory monitoring of OA, an International Sen sitivity Index (ISI) for thromboplastin has been introduced. We have compared two automatic coagulometers, the ACL (Instrumentation Laboratory), a laser-nephelometer centrifugal analyzer which measures the intensity of the light scattered by a plasma sample before, during and after clot formation and the KOAGULAB 40A (Ortho Diagnostics), an optical automatic coagulometer, with the till tube technique for the performance ofPT. Five calibrated commercial thromboplastins have been used for replicate determinations in 30 normals, 30 liver disease patients and 30 patients on stabilized OA. The overall observed imprecision (C.V.) was 1.1% for ACL, 2.9% for the KOAGULAB 40A and 3.0% for the till tube technique. The F test for the two-way interaction of ratios was statistically significant (p< O.OOl) for the large majority of reagent/technique combinations in normals and in liver disease patients. Internatio nal normalized ratios were also significantly different (p< O.OOl) in most instances in patients on OA. Inadequate anticoagulation (INR<2.0)was observed in 18% of patients with the ACL , in 31% with the KOAGULAB 40A and in 33% with the till tube technique. Excessive anticoagulation (INR> 4.5) was observed in 19% of the patients with the ACL, in 7% with KOAGULAB 40A and in 3% with the till tube tech nique. These data highlight the need for standardization of both instrumentations and reagents to improve monitoring of OA.
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Machin, S. J., H. Cohen, I. J. Mackie, M. Shearer, and S. D. Scott. "SERUM VITAMIN K1 LEVELS AS AN EARLY INDICATOR OF HYPOPROTHROMBINAEMIA ASSOCIATED WITH ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644340.
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The prothrombin time is an insensitive indicator of early vitamin K deficiency and serum vitamin K1 levels may correlate with liver stores. A random non-fasting range of serum vitamin K1 was established in 45 healthy adults of 150-1,530 pg/ml (mean 412 pg/ml). Nine well nourished patients, with normal serum vitamin K1 levels, (mean 546, range 310-1,350 pg/ml), maintained normal prothrombin times and factor VII clotting activity throughout 7 days therapy with cefotetan disodium, an NMTT-containing cephalosporin antibiotic. However, 11 of 20 patients with acute intra-abdominal sepsis and an initially normal prothrombin time who underwent emergency surgery, developed a raised prothrombin time (INR 1.4-3.1) associated with reduction in factor VII activity (0.74 to 0.38 iu/ml) after 3-7 days of antibiotic therapy and the presence of PIVKA II by crossed-immunoelectrophoresis. Nine of these 11 patients had clinical evidence of malnutrition by anthropometric assessment and subnormal serum vitamin K1 (mean 119, range 43-354 pg/ml) levels on admission. Seven received cefotetan but 4 were treated with other non-NMTT containing antibiotics. The 9 patients who maintained normal prothrombin times and factor VII levels had normal nutritional status and normal serum vitamin K1 levels (mean 279, range 103-915 pg/ml) at presentation. A low serum vitamin K1 level was associated with a high incidence of hypopro-thrombinaemia developing following antibiotic therapy and would appear a more sensitive indicator of reduced vitamin K stores than the prothrombin time.
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Zhou, Ronghui, BinWha Chang, and Hsueh-Chia Chang. "Impedance Analysis of Blood Coagulation by Prothrombin Time Assay in a Miniature Device." In ASME 3rd International Conference on Microchannels and Minichannels. ASME, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icmm2005-75155.
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Poller, L., J. M. Thomson, and D. A. Taberner. "THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE WHO INTERNATIONAL NORMALISED RATIO (INR) SYSTEM OF PROTHROMBIN TIME STANDARDISATION." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643259.
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The implementation of the INR system has been assessed in a group of laboratories from over fifty countries. These centres participate in the World Health Organisation International Quality Control Programme in Blood Coagulation. Prothrombin times are performed on various lyophilised human coumarinised plasmas using both the local thromboplastin reagent and British Comparative Thromboplastin (BCT) reference preparation. During 1985 and 1986 a programme of education has been undertaken whereby instructions in the derivation of INR values have been given. The calculation of INR has been shown by means of a worked example and a chart for the conversion of the prothrombin ratio with BCT to INR was included. Prior to this, prothrombin results were expressed as British Corrected Ratios (BCR) with a minority of centres using INR. In 1984 the CV varied between 23.7% - 36.8% for results with local reagents, but between 8.2% - 14.3% with BCT. This suggested that conversion into INR/ BCR was unsatisfactory. The table shows the impact of the continuing educational programme.The number of laboratories expressing results as INR has steadily increased and the CV is now approaching that obtained with BCT. The improvement in CV suggests that the general application of the INR system will help improve inter-laboratory standardisation of oral anticoagulant control and should be encouraged.
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Dati, F., U. Becker, and N. Heimburger. "APPLICATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE STANDARDIZATION OF PROTHROMBIN TIME IN ORAL ANTICOAGULANT CONTROL." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643261.
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The determination of prothrombin time (PT) in oral anticoagulant control is affected by a broad variation. The responsible factors are: type of thromboplastin incorporated in the PT reagents, procedure for use, clotting factors or heparin inhibitors added to the reagent, method of expression of PT results. Recently, joint recommendations have been issued by International Committees (ICSH/ICTH) taking into account the system of International Thromboplastins and the statistical model for thromboplastin calibration established by WHO. The aim is a standardization of commercial thromboplastins for PT tests in order to allow the use of the international scale of oral anticoagulant intensity (INR: Intern. Normalized Ratio). Following such recommendations we have standardized two new PT tests, based on coagulometric and photometric methods which rely on the same sensitive human placental thromboplastin. The coagulometric PT test (Thromborel®S) is performed with conventional coagulometers. The photometric PT assay (Chromoquick®) uses a new chromogenic substrate specific for thrombin. This method is based on the measurement of the time necessary to reach a fixed increase of absorbance (0.1 A) using a special microprocessor-controlled photometer.The two PT reagents were calibrated either directly against a reference preparation (BCT) or via an intermediate standard thromboplastin in two multicentric studies. The calibration procedure by the WHO method allows to assign the corresponding ISI (Intern. Sensitivity Index) to the PT reagent used and the transformation of the obtained prothrombin ratio (PR) into INR by the equation INR = PRISI. The calculated ISI values were 1.08 for the coagulometric PT reagent (n = 330) and 1.07 for the photometric reagent (n = 365), respectively.The reproducibility of the ISI value for the new human placental thromboplastin for 64 different batches amounts to 3.6 %, the mean ISI value being 1.12.Comparison with the reference thromboplastins in PR values gave a good correlation.A) Coagul. PT assay (x): r = 0.964; y = 1.03x ™ 0.1;B) Photom. PT assay (x): r = 0.940; y = 1.02x ™ 0.1.
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Wang, Xurong, Runge Chen, Ye Li, and Fen Miao. "Predictive Value of Prothrombin Time for All-cause Mortality in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients*." In 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8513654.
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Carpenter, Greg P., T. Gary Neel, and James R. Parker. "Overview of a novel point of care instrument system for measuring whole blood Prothrombin time." In OE/LASE '94, edited by Robert F. Bonner, Gerald E. Cohn, Thomas M. Laue, and Alexander V. Priezzhev. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.180788.
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Kitchen, S., R. G. Malia, D. R. Triger, M. Greaves, and F. E. Preston. "COMPARISON OF HUMAN AND RABBIT BRAIN THROMBOPLASTIN IN THE EVALUATION OF LIVER DISEASE." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643068.
Full textAbstract:
In the UK, rabbit brain thromboplastin has recently replaced human thromboplastin. Since the sensitivity of thromboplastin varies according to species of origin, and the calibration of thromboplastins is based entirely on samples from normal subjects and patients on oral anticoagulants, a separate assessment is required in patients with liver disease. We have compared prothrombin times and specific one stage assays of factors V, VII and X in plasma from 19 patients with establishe < liver disease using rabbit thromboplastin (Manchester reagent, MR) and human thromboplastin (Manchester comparative reagent, MCR). Both materials were kindly provided by the National (UK) Reference Laboratory for Anticoagulant Control. Three separate analyses were performed on the prothrombin time data viz clotting time, prolongation of prothrombin time compared with control and prothrombin ratio. All were significantly longer with MR (p 0.001, paired ‘t’ test) although correlation was goo< (r=0.95 in all instances).In the assay of factors V, VII and X no significant differences were obtained with the two thromboplastins and correlation was good over a range of abnormality (Ranges for MCR and MR respectively were Factor V:0.31-1.23u/ml and 0.32-1.I6u/ml, r=0.96; Factor VII:0.07-1.22u/ml and 0.07-1.17u/ml, r=0.97; Factor X;0.18-1.Olu/ml and 0.17-1.03u/ml, r=0.96. We conclude that in the investigation of the haemostatic defect associated with liver disease rabbit brain thromboplastin is a suitable alternative to human material.
Reports on the topic "Prothrombine time"
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Viksna, Ludmila, Oksana Kolesova, Aleksandrs Kolesovs, Ieva Vanaga, and Seda Arutjunana. Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients (Latvia, Spring 2020). Rīga Stradiņš University, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25143/fk2/hnmlhh.
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Data include following variables: Demographics, epidemiological history, comorbidities, diagnosis, complications, and symptoms on admission to the hospital. Also, body’s temperature and SpO2. Blood cells: white cells count (WBC), neutrophils (Neu), lymphocytes (Ly), eosinophils (Eo) and monocytes (Mo), percentages of segmented and banded neutrophils, erythrocytes (RBC), platelet count (PLT), hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit (HCT); Inflammatory indicators: erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP); Tissue damage indicators: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and troponin T (TnT); Electrolytes: potassium and sodium concentration; Renal function indicators: creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR); Coagulation tests: D-dimer, prothrombin time, and prothrombin index on admission to the hospital.