Relevant bibliographies by topics / Protons

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Protons'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Protons"

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Farahani, Ramin M. "An Addendum to the Chemiosmotic Theory of Mitochondrial Activity: The Role of RNA as a Proton Sink." Biomolecules 15, no. 1 (2025): 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15010087.

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Mitochondrial ATP synthesis is driven by harnessing the electrochemical gradient of protons (proton motive force) across the mitochondrial inner membrane via the process of chemiosmosis. While there is consensus that the proton gradient is generated by components of the electron transport chain, the mechanism by which protons are supplied to ATP synthase remains controversial. As opposed to a global coupling model whereby protons diffuse into the intermembrane space, a localised coupling model predicts that protons remain closely associated with the lipid membrane prior to interaction with ATP
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Abdallat, Mahmoud, Abdallah Barjas Qaswal, Majed Eftaiha, et al. "A mathematical modeling of the mitochondrial proton leak via quantum tunneling." AIMS Biophysics 11, no. 2 (2024): 189–233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/biophy.2024012.

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<abstract> <p>The mitochondrion is a vital intracellular organelle that is responsible for ATP production. It utilizes both the concentration gradient and the electrical potential of the inner mitochondrial membrane to drive the flow of protons from the intermembrane space to the matrix to generate ATP via ATP-synthase. However, the proton leak flow, which is mediated via the inner mitochondrial membrane and uncoupling proteins, can reduce the efficiency of ATP production. Protons can exhibit a quantum behavior within biological systems. However, the investigation of the quantum be
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Wobig, Lea, Thérèse Wolfenstetter, Sylvia Fechner, et al. "A family of hyperpolarization-activated channels selective for protons." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 24 (2020): 13783–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2001214117.

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Proton (H+) channels are special: They select protons against other ions that are up to a millionfold more abundant. Only a few proton channels have been identified so far. Here, we identify a family of voltage-gated “pacemaker” channels, HCNL1, that are exquisitely selective for protons. HCNL1 activates during hyperpolarization and conducts protons into the cytosol. Surprisingly, protons permeate through the channel’s voltage-sensing domain, whereas the pore domain is nonfunctional. Key to proton permeation is a methionine residue that interrupts the series of regularly spaced arginine residu
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Potgieter, Marius S., O. P. M. Aslam, Driaan Bisschoff, and Donald Ngobeni. "A Perspective on the Solar Modulation of Cosmic Anti-Matter." Physics 3, no. 4 (2021): 1190–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/physics3040076.

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Global modulation studies with comprehensive numerical models contribute meaningfully to the refinement of very local interstellar spectra (VLISs) for cosmic rays. Modulation of positrons and anti-protons are investigated to establish how the ratio of their intensity, and with respect to electrons and protons, are changing with solar activity. This includes the polarity reversal of the solar magnetic field which creates a 22-year modulation cycle. Modeling illustrates how they are modulated over time and the particle drift they experience which is significant at lower kinetic energy. The VLIS
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Granado-González, M., C. Jesús-Valls, T. Lux, T. Price, and F. Sánchez. "A novel range telescope concept for proton CT." Physics in Medicine & Biology 67, no. 3 (2022): 035013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ac4b39.

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Abstract Proton beam therapy can potentially offer improved treatment for cancers of the head and neck and in paediatric patients. There has been a sharp uptake of proton beam therapy in recent years as improved delivery techniques and patient benefits are observed. However, treatments are currently planned using conventional x-ray CT images due to the absence of devices able to perform high quality proton computed tomography (pCT) under realistic clinical conditions. A new plastic-scintillator-based range telescope concept, named ASTRA, is proposed here to measure the proton’s energy loss in
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Trzebiński, M., R. Staszewski, and J. Chwastowski. "LHC High- Runs: Transport and Unfolding Methods." ISRN High Energy Physics 2012 (September 25, 2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/491460.

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The paper describes the transport of the elastically and diffractively scattered protons in the proton-proton interactions at the LHC for the high- runs. A parametrisation of the scattered proton transport through the LHC magnetic lattice is presented. The accuracy of the unfolding of the kinematic variables of the scattered protons is discussed.
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Giovannini, Daniela, Cinzia De Angelis, Maria Denise Astorino, et al. "In Vivo Radiobiological Investigations with the TOP-IMPLART Proton Beam on a Medulloblastoma Mouse Model." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 9 (2023): 8281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24098281.

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Protons are now increasingly used to treat pediatric medulloblastoma (MB) patients. We designed and characterized a setup to deliver proton beams for in vivo radiobiology experiments at a TOP-IMPLART facility, a prototype of a proton-therapy linear accelerator developed at the ENEA Frascati Research Center, with the goal of assessing the feasibility of TOP-IMPLART for small animal proton therapy research. Mice bearing Sonic-Hedgehog (Shh)-dependent MB in the flank were irradiated with protons to test whether irradiation could be restricted to a specific depth in the tumor tissue and to compare
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Bellomo, Giovanni, Enrico Ravera, Vito Calderone, et al. "Revisiting paramagnetic relaxation enhancements in slowly rotating systems: how long is the long range?" Magnetic Resonance 2, no. 1 (2021): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/mr-2-25-2021.

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Abstract. Cross-relaxation terms in paramagnetic systems that reorient rigidly with slow tumbling times can increase the effective longitudinal relaxation rates of protons of more than 1 order of magnitude. This is evaluated by simulating the time evolution of the nuclear magnetization using a complete relaxation rate-matrix approach. The calculations show that the Solomon dependence of the paramagnetic relaxation rates on the metal–proton distance (as r−6) can be incorrect for protons farther than 15 Å from the metal and thus can cause sizable errors in R1-derived distance restraints used, fo
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Patyal, Baldev. "Dosimetry Aspects of Proton Therapy." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 6, no. 4_suppl (2007): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15330346070060s403.

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High-energy photons and high-energy protons are very different in the ways they interact with matter. These differences lead to distinct advantages of protons over photons for treatment of cancer. Some aspects of proton interactions with tissue that make this modality superior for treating cancer are: (i) Initially, the protons lose energy very slowly as they enter the body; this results in a low entrance dose and low doses to the normal tissues proximal to the tumor. (ii) Near the end of range, protons lose energy very rapidly and deposit all their energy over a very small volume before they
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Liu, Huiya, Anle Lei, Ning Kang, et al. "Characterization of Energetic Protons Generated in the ShenGuang-II UP Petawatt Laser Interactions with Foil Targets." Laser and Particle Beams 2021 (August 17, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7205383.

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The characterization of energetic protons generated in the ShenGuang-II UP petawatt laser interactions with foil targets has been systematically studied. The proton energy spectra and angular distributions are measured with a radiochromic film stack. It shows that the proton energy spectra have a Boltzmann distribution with temperature of about 2.8 MeV and cutoff energy of about 20 MeV. The divergence angles of protons vary from 10° to 60°, dependent on the proton energy. The proton source size and location are investigated via the proton point-projection mesh imaging. The proton virtual sourc
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Protons"

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Gurke, Johannes. "Protons and Photons." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19747.

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Gegenstand dieser Arbeit ist die Frage wie thermische und photochemische Gleichgewichte verbunden werden können und sich gegenseitig beeinflussen. Dazu wurden zwei Projekte bearbeitet, zum einen das Konzept der „säure-katalysierten Zykloreversion“ und zum anderen das Konzept der „licht-induzierten pKs Veränderung“. Im ersten Konzepte wurde eine extern steuerbare, thermische Rückreaktion genutzt, um die Zusammensetzung im photostationären Zustand zu kontrollieren. Durch Zugabe von katalytischen Mengen einer starken Säure wurde die Ringöffnung eines Diarylethens, welches mit einem Flurenol subst
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JAFER, RASHIDA. "Laser plasma protons and applications in cancer therapy and proton radiography." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/7457.

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Recent developments in high power, ultrashort pulse laser systems enable laser intensities beyond 10^21 W/cm^2 to be achieved. When focused onto thin foil targets, plasmas with extremely high electrostatic fields (>10^12V/m) are produced, resulting in the acceleration of protons/ions to very high energies (~60MeV). During my PhD, I have worked on experimental investigations into proton acceleration driven by high power laser pulses. Key to successful deployment of laser proton sources one one side is getting higher proton energies through to achieve the ultimate goal of realising table top mac
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Pilcher, John Victor. "Coincident proton decay of the continuum induced by 200 MeV protons on 12C." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17190.

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Bibliography: p. 212-221.<br>Coincident protons from the reaction ¹²C(p,2p) at an incident proton energy of 200 Me V, have been measured using conventional particle telescopes. Data were acquired at nine pairs of angles (θ₂=20°, 45°, 70°, 95°, 120° and 145° for θ₁ =-20°, and θ₂=35°, 85° and 135° for θ₁ =-45°). An improved model, based on previous theoretical and experimental work, has been proposed to describe the reaction mechanism leading to the observed coincident proton yield from the nuclear continuum. This model considers an initial quasifree nucleon-nucleon interaction - described by a
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Roder, Ana Flávia Vidotti [UNESP]. "Estudo da interação de prótons com alvos não homogêneos, aplicados a tomografia com feixes de prótons." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/108789.

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Tripp, Robert D. "Elastic scattering of high-energy polarized protons by complex nuclei." Berkeley, Ca. : Lawrence Radiation Laboratory, 2975. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/549450172.html.

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Reinhardt, Sabine. "Detection of laser–accelerated protons." Diss., lmu, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-155620.

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Galand, Marina. "Transport des protons dans l'ionosphère aurorale." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00724355.

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Les électrons et les protons suprathermiques, issus du soleil et précipitant dans l'atmosphère des hautes latitudes, constituent une source d'énergie de l'ionosphère terrestre. Ces particules interagissent avec le gaz thermique ambiant par collisions. L'équation de Boltzmann, fournissant les flux de particules en altitude, énergie et angle d'attaque, permet une description des plus complètes du transport de ces particules. Nous la redémontrons dans le cas dissipatif, le plus général, et nous proposons une résolution originale des équations de transport des protons et des atomes d 'hydrogène, é
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Kar, S. "Application of MeV laser-driven protons." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426792.

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Mooser, Andreas [Verfasser]. "Der g-Faktor des Protons / Andreas Mooser." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1051353440/34.

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Johnson, Samantha. "Optimizing the ion source for polarized protons." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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Beams of polarized protons play an important part in the study of the spin dependence of the nuclear force by measuring the analyzing power in nuclear reactions. The source at iThemba LABS produces a beam of polarized protons that is pre-accelerated by an injector cyclotron (SPC2) to a energy of 8 MeV before acceleration by the main separated-sector cyclotron to 200 MeV for physics research. The polarized ion source is one of the two external ion sources of SPC2. Inside the ion source hydrogen molecules are dissociated into atoms in the dissociator and cooled to a temperature of approximately
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Books on the topic "Protons"

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author, Fields B. H., ed. Understanding protons. Cavendish Square, 2016.

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Karlsson, Jenny. Functional and structural analysis of the membrane domain of proton-translocating Escherichia coli Transhydrogenase. Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physices, Göteborg University, 2006.

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Lemmer, Boris. Bis(s) ins Innere des Protons. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37714-3.

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Lemmer, Boris. Bis(s) ins Innere des Protons. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56748-7.

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Borka, D. Channeling of protons through carbon nanotubes. Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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1936-, Davis E. A., and Cox S. F. J, eds. Protons and muons in materials science. Taylor & Francis, 1996.

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Tsun, Wu Tai, ed. Expanding protons: Scattering at high energies. MIT Press, 1987.

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George C. Marshall Space Flight Center., ed. Activation calculations for trapped protons below 200 MeV. Eastern Kentucky University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 1991.

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International, Symposium on Proton-emitting Nuclei (1st 1999 Oak Ridge Tenn ). Proton-emitting nuclei: PROCON '99, First International Symposium, Oak Ridge, TN, 7-9 October, 1999. AIP, 2000.

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Herring, Andrew M. Fuel cell chemistry and operation. American Chemical Society, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Protons"

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Chang, David S., Foster D. Lasley, Indra J. Das, Marc S. Mendonca, and Joseph R. Dynlacht. "Protons." In Basic Radiotherapy Physics and Biology. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61899-5_18.

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Reames, Donald V. "Hydrogen Abundances and Shock Waves." In Solar Energetic Particles. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66402-2_9.

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AbstractHow well do protons fit into the abundance patterns of the other elements? Protons have Q = 1 and A/Q = 1 at all temperatures of interest. When does their relative abundance fit on the power law in A/Q defined by the elements with A/Q &gt; 2? For small “pure” impulsive events, protons fit well, but for larger CME-associated impulsive events, where shock waves boost the intensities, protons are enhanced a factor of order ten by addition of seed protons from the ambient plasma. During most large gradual SEP events with strong shock waves, protons again fit the power law, but with weaker
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Breit, G., E. U. Condon, and R. D. Present. "Theory of Scattering of Protons by Protons." In Selected Scientific Papers of E.U. Condon. Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9083-1_26.

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Dirican, Bahar. "Proton Therapy: Present State and Future Prospects." In The Latest Innovative Approaches in Radiation Therapy. Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053359425.4.

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The use of high-energy protons for radiation therapy was first proposed by Wilson in 1946. Then, at five major centers, Berkeley (United States). Dubna (Russia), Uppsala (Sweden), Harward (United States) and Moscow (Russia), between 1950 and 1960 the use of proton therapy followed. In the beginning progress was slow: 1) Because proton dosimetry and imaging techniques for tumor localization were not well developed 2) Because the accelerators used to produce the proton beams were designed as experimental facilities rather than as clinical machines. More recently, significant growth has occurred
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Russell, Bertrand. "Electrons and Protons." In The Analysis of Matter. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003308898-4.

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Lemmer, Boris, Benjamin Bahr, and Rina Piccolo. "Die Struktur des Protons." In Quirky Quarks. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-50259-4_61.

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Cramer, William A., and David B. Knaff. "Photosynthesis: Photons to Protons." In Energy Transduction in Biological Membranes. Springer New York, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3220-9_6.

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Jensen, A. D., and P. Fossati. "Protons and Heavy Ions." In Salivary Gland Cancer. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02958-6_12.

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Jordt, Sven-Eric. "TRPV1, Regulation by Protons." In Encyclopedia of Pain. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28753-4_4653.

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Averyn, Viktar S. "Short Refresher of Radiobiology." In Nuclear and Radiological Emergencies in Animal Production Systems, Preparedness, Response and Recovery. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63021-1_2.

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AbstractThe atoms are built up of a nucleus, containing positive (protons) and neutral (neutrons) particles, surrounded by negative particles (electrons), circulating around the “atomic orbit”. The number of the protons in the nucleus is giving the atomic number of the element (usually labelled as “Z”), and the sum of the neutrons and protons in the nucleus is giving the atomic or mass number of the element (usually labelled as “A”). The number in the electrons in the atomic orbit is always equal to the number of protons in the nucleus. However, as the mass of the electrons is almost equal to
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Conference papers on the topic "Protons"

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Wang, Zujun, Shaoyan Huang, Minbo Liu, Benqi Tang, Zhigang Xiao, and Yong Zhang. "Simulation of CCD Degradation Induced by Protons Irradiation." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29302.

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The mechanisms of charge coupled devices (CCD) irradiated by protons are analyzed. The simulation models of ionization damage and displacement damage are developed. The charge transfer efficiency (CTE) decreased by proton irradiation is numerically simulated. The CTE degradation caused by different traps and by protons with different energies has been studied respectively. Both surface dark signals induced by proton ionization damage and bulk dark signals induced by proton displacement damage are numerically simulated. The variability of surface dark signals, bulk dark signals, and total dark
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Chiu, Chuang-Pin, Peng-Yu Chen, and Che-Wun Hong. "Atomistic Analysis of Proton Diffusivity at Enzymatic Biofuel Cell Anode." In ASME 2006 4th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2006-97136.

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This paper investigates the proton diffusion phenomenon between the anode catalyst and the electrode in an enzymatic bio-fuel cell. The bio-fuel cell uses enzymatic organism as the catalyst instead of the traditional noble metal, like platinum. The fuel is normally the glucose solution. The fuel cell is membrane-less and produces electricity from the reaction taken place in the organism. When the biochemical reaction occurs, the protons and electrons are released in the solution. The electrons are collected by the electrode plate and are transported to the cathode through an external circuit,
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Aslam, Ottupara Muhammed, Driaan Bisschoff, and Marius Potgieter. "The solar modulation of protons and anti-protons." In 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Sissa Medialab, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.358.1054.

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Cheng, Chin-Hsien. "Nano-Scale Transport Phenomena and Thermal Effect of the PEMFC Electrolyte." In ASME 2008 First International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat Transfer. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnht2008-52323.

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This paper employed molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to investigate the transport phenomena and thermal effect at nano-scale inside fuel cell electrolyte. The material of the electrolyte was chosen to be Nafion® which is the most commonly used material for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The transport of protons inside the electrolyte is one of the major issues that influencing the fuel cell performance. The structure of the Nafion® includes carbon-fluorine back bones and side chains (with SO3− attached at the end). Simulation results show that the transport of protons was confin
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Eaton, Brandon, Michael R. von Spakovsky, Michael W. Ellis, Douglas J. Nelson, Benoit Olsommer, and Nathan Siegel. "One-Dimensional, Transient Model of Heat, Mass, and Charge Transfer in a Proton Exchange Membrane." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/aes-23652.

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Abstract A transient, one-dimensional, model of the membrane of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell is presented. The role of the membrane is to transport protons from the anode to cathode of the fuel cell while preventing the transport of other reactants. The membrane is modeled assuming mono-phase, multi-species flow. For water transport, the principle driving forces modeled are a convective force, an osmotic force (i.e. diffusion), and an electric force. The first of these results from a pressure gradient, the second from a concentration gradient, and the third from the migration of proton
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Cheng, Chin-Hsien, Shu-Feng Lee, and Che-Wun Hong. "Molecular Dynamics of Proton Exchange Inside a Nafion® Membrane." In ASME 2006 4th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2006-97135.

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The proton transfer mechanism is the fundamental principle of how the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) works. This paper develops a molecular dynamics technique to simulate the transfer mechanism of the hydrogen protons inside a Nafion 117 membrane. The realistic polymer structure of the Nafion is extremely huge and very complex, it is simplified to be a repeated structure with part of the major carbon-fluoride backbone and a side chain with radicals of SO3− in this paper. Water molecules were assigned to distribute between side chains randomly. The simulation package of DLPOLY was e
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Maurchev, E. A., K. A. Didenko, N. S. Shlyk, M. A. Abunina, A. A. Abunin, and A. V. Belov. "INVESTIGATION OF THE SOLAR COSMIC RAY PROTONS IMPACT ON THE EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE IONIZATION RATE." In Baikal Young Scientists’ International School on Fundamental Physics. Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62955/0135-3748-2024-60.

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This paper considers the modeling of the cosmic ray protons transport as well as the secondary component through the Earth atmosphere for periods corresponding to real events of solar energetic particles (SEP). We carried out an analysis of the primary proton flux spectral characteristics. The main work results are quantitative estimates of the calculated ionization rate for an altitude range from 0 to 98 km. Also, our work includes an estimation of the difference in the effect of solar protons on the Earth's atmosphere for SEP events with similar sources, but with different spectral energy ch
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Kotlyarov, V., and A. Shevchenko. "INFLUENCE OF PROTON RADIATION ON THE DEGRADATION AND FAILURES OF RAM CHIPS." In ENERGY-SAVING AND ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE TECHNOLOGIES OF THE TIMBER INDUSTRY – 2025. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2025. https://doi.org/10.58168/e-sestti2025_190-193.

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The influence of proton irradiation on semiconductor random-access memory (RAM) chips in the space environment is examined. The relevance of the topic stems from the fact that cosmic-ray protons are capable of causing both instantaneous malfunctions in dynamic and static memory (DRAM, SRAM, DDR) and cumulative structural degradation that threatens the reliability of onboard equipment. The analysis focuses on the physical mechanisms by which protons affect memory elements and the resulting radiation effects, including single-event upsets (bit flips), parasitic latch-up effects, dielectric degra
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Mart, T. "Are protons nonidentical fermions?" In 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THEORETICAL AND APPLIED PHYSICS 2013 (ICTAP 2013). AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4897090.

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Tannenbaum, Michael J. "Polarized protons at RHIC." In Polarized Collider Workshop. AIP, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.40481.

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Reports on the topic "Protons"

1

Erdmann, Martin. Lebensdauer des Farbigen Protons in der Myon-Proton-Streuung. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1426711.

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2

Hershcovitch, A., and Y. Lee. TRAPPING DECELERATED ANTI-PROTONS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1151187.

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3

Bunce, G. Polarized protons and RHIC. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5828406.

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4

Zhao X. F. and S. Lee. Resonance Jumping for Polarized Protons. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1151166.

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5

Montag, C., L. Ahrens, M. Blaskiewicz, et al. High intensity protons in RHIC. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1039650.

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6

Montag C., L. Ahrens, M. Blaskiewicz, et al. High Intensity protons in RHIC. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1061993.

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7

Ruggiero, Alessandro G. Nuclear Fusion of Protons with Boron. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1118958.

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8

Peggs, S. Protons on Gold at Identical Rigidities. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1119525.

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9

Bleser E., P. Ingrassia, and J. Laster. Total Protons Incident on Booster Dump. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1131628.

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10

Maximon, Leonard C. Scattering of polarized photons by protons. National Bureau of Standards, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.88-3877.

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