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Journal articles on the topic 'Protostegidae'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 21 June 2025

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1

Wilson, Laura E. "Rapid growth in Late Cretaceous sea turtles reveals life history strategies similar to extant leatherbacks." PeerJ 11 (February 10, 2023): e14864. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14864.

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Modern sea turtle long bone osteohistology has been surprisingly well-studied, as it is used to understand sea turtle growth and the timing of life history events, thus informing conservation decisions. Previous histologic studies reveal two distinct bone growth patterns in extant sea turtle taxa, with Dermochelys (leatherbacks) growing faster than the cheloniids (all other living sea turtles). Dermochelys also has a unique life history compared to other sea turtles (large size, elevated metabolism, broad biogeographic distribution, etc.) that is likely linked to bone growth strategies. Despit

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2

Raselli, Irena. "Comparative cranial morphology of the Late Cretaceous protostegid sea turtle Desmatochelys lowii." PeerJ 6 (December 7, 2018): e5964. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5964.

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Background The phylogenetic placement of Cretaceous marine turtles, especially Protostegidae, is still under debate among paleontologists. Whereas protostegids were traditionally thought to be situated within the clade of recent marine turtles (Chelonioidea), some recent morphological and molecular studies suggest placement along the stem of Cryptodira. The main reason why the evolution of marine turtles is still poorly understood, is in part due to a lack of insights into the cranial anatomy of protostegids. However, a general availability of high-quality fossil material, combined with modern

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3

Edwin, Alberto Cadena, Diego A. Combita, and Romero. "Ŋe onset of large size in Cretaceous marine turtles (Protostegidae) evidenced by new fossil remains from the Valanginian of Colombia." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202, no. 1 (2023): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad053.

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Edwin, Cadena, Alberto, Combita, Diego A., Romero (2024): Ŋe onset of large size in Cretaceous marine turtles (Protostegidae) evidenced by new fossil remains from the Valanginian of Colombia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202 (1): 1-12, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad053, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad053

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4

Gentry, Andrew D., Jun A. Ebersole, and Caitlin R. Kiernan. "Asmodochelys parhami , a new fossil marine turtle from the Campanian Demopolis Chalk and the stratigraphic congruence of competing marine turtle phylogenies." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 12 (2019): 191950. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191950.

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Resolving the phylogeny of sea turtles is uniquely challenging given the high potential for the unification of convergent lineages due to systematic homoplasy. Equivocal reconstructions of marine turtle evolution subsequently inhibit efforts to establish fossil calibrations for molecular divergence estimates and prevent the accurate reconciliation of biogeographic or palaeoclimatic data with phylogenetic hypotheses. Here we describe a new genus and species of marine turtle, Asmodochelys parhami , from the Upper Campanian Demopolis Chalk of Alabama and Mississippi, USA represented by three part

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Evers, Serjoscha W., Paul M. Barrett, and Roger B. J. Benson. "Anatomy ofRhinochelys pulchriceps(Protostegidae) and marine adaptation during the early evolution of chelonioids." PeerJ 7 (May 1, 2019): e6811. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6811.

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Knowledge of the early evolution of sea turtles (Chelonioidea) has been limited by conflicting phylogenetic hypotheses resulting from sparse taxon sampling and a superficial understanding of the morphology of key taxa. This limits our understanding of evolutionary adaptation to marine life in turtles, and in amniotes more broadly. One problematic group are the protostegids, Early–Late Cretaceous marine turtles that have been hypothesised to be either stem-cryptodires, stem-chelonioids, or crown-chelonioids. Different phylogenetic hypotheses for protostegids suggest different answers to key que

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6

Hooks, G. E. "Systematic revision of the Protostegidae, with a redescription ofCalcarichelys gemmaZangerl, 1953." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18, no. 1 (1998): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724634.1998.10011036.

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7

Tong, Haiyan, Ren Hirayama, Edouard Makhoul, and François Escuillié. "Rhinochelys (Chelonioidea: Protostegidae) from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) of Nammoura, Lebanon." Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale in Milano 147 (June 7, 2006): 113–38. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13676961.

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8

Nicholls, Elizabeth L., Tim T. Tokaryk, and Len V. Hills. "Cretaceous marine turtles from the Western Interior Seaway of Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 27, no. 10 (1990): 1288–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e90-138.

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Late Cretaceous marine turtles are rare in Canada, but specimens are known from three formations: Toxochelys latiremis Cope and Protostega sp. from the Pierre Shale, Pembina Member (lower Campanian); Lophochelys niobrarae Zangerl and Chelonioidea genus indet. from the Bearpaw Formation (upper Campanian); Protostegidae genus indet. and one other taxon from the Niobrara Formation (Coniacian).The Canadian records of the listed taxa constitute the northernmost limits of their known range and may represent their northern limits in the Cretaceous inland sea. Taxonomic diversity and relative abundanc

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9

DE OLIVEIRA, GUSTAVO RIBEIRO, and ALEXANDER WILHELM ARMIN KELLNER. "A new side-necked turtle (Pleurodira, Pelomedusoides) from the Santana Formation (Early Cretaceous), Araripe Basin, Northeastern Brazil." Zootaxa 1425, no. 1 (2007): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1425.1.7.

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The fossil fauna of turtles from the Santana Formation, Araripe Basin, Early Cretaceous from Northeastern Brazil, includes, to exception of the Santanachelys gaffneyi (Cryptodira, Protostegidae), only pelurodiran taxa. A new genus and species, Caririemys violetae gen. et sp. nov. (Pleurodira, Pelomedusoides), from the Romualdo Member, upper section of the Santana Formation, is described here. Caririemys is based on one specimen consisting of a carapace, several vertebrae, a right femur and a right pelvis. Caririemys differs of the other pleurodirans from the Santana Formation by the following

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10

Lehman, Thomas M., and Susan L. Tomlinson. "Terlinguachelys fischbecki, a new genus and species of sea turtle (Chelonioidea: Protostegidae) from the Upper Cretaceous of Texas." Journal of Paleontology 78, no. 6 (2004): 1163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000043973.

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Remains of a large sea turtle, Terlinguachelys fischbecki n. gen. and sp., were recovered from paralic deposits of the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) Aguja Formation in Big Bend National Park, Texas. T. fischbecki is a primitive protostegid that retains a constricted humerus, well ossified plastron and costals, prominent retroarticular process on the lower jaw, and long slender femora; however, it has some features, such as a prominent tubercle at the base of the scapular acromion process, found elsewhere only in derived leatherback sea turtles. The unique combination of primitive and derived tr

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LEHMAN, THOMAS M., and SUSAN L. TOMLINSON. "TERLINGUACHELYS FISCHBECKI, A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF SEA TURTLE (CHELONIOIDEA: PROTOSTEGIDAE) FROM THE UPPER CRETACEOUS OF TEXAS." Journal of Paleontology 78, no. 6 (2004): 1163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360(2004)078<1163:tfanga>2.0.co;2.

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12

Kear, Benjamin P. "First gut contents in a Cretaceous sea turtle." Biology Letters 2, no. 1 (2005): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2005.0374.

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Modern sea turtles utilize a variety of feeding strategies ranging from herbivory to omnivory. In contrast, the diets of fossil sea turtles are poorly known. This study reports the first direct evidence: inoceramid bivalve shell pieces (encased in phosphatic material) preserved within the body cavities of several small protostegid turtles (cf. Notochelone ) from the Lower Cretaceous of Australia. The shell fragments are densely packed and approximately 5–20 mm across. Identical shell accumulations have been found within coprolite masses from the same deposits; these are of a correct size to ha

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13

Martín-Jiménez, Marcos, and Adán Pérez-García. "The first neuroanatomical study of a marine pleurodire (the large Paleocene bothremydid Azzabaremys moragjonesi) reveals convergences with other clades of pelagic turtles." Fossil Record 28, no. 1 (2025): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3897/fr.28.e130418.

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Azzabaremys moragjonesi, from the Paleocene of Mali, is a member of Nigeremydini. This is a clade of bothremydid pleurodiran turtles that includes large putatively marine forms which inhabited the African Trans-Saharian Seaway from the Maastrichtian to the Paleocene. This work represents the first neuroanatomical reconstruction of a putative sea pleurodire. Some of the neuroanatomical modifications observed for Azzabaremys moragjonesi differ from those in the other lineages of Bothremydidae in which these structures have been documented, corresponding to freshwater instead of pelagic marine fo

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Martín-Jiménez, Marcos, and Adán Pérez-García. "The first neuroanatomical study of a marine pleurodire (the large Paleocene bothremydid Azzabaremys moragjonesi) reveals convergences with other clades of pelagic turtles." Fossil Record 28, no. 1 (2025): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3897/fr.28.130418.

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Azzabaremys moragjonesi, from the Paleocene of Mali, is a member of Nigeremydini. This is a clade of bothremydid pleurodiran turtles that includes large putatively marine forms which inhabited the African Trans-Saharian Seaway from the Maastrichtian to the Paleocene. This work represents the first neuroanatomical reconstruction of a putative sea pleurodire. Some of the neuroanatomical modifications observed for Azzabaremys moragjonesi differ from those in the other lineages of Bothremydidae in which these structures have been documented, corresponding to freshwater instead of pelagic marine fo

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15

Evers, Serjoscha W., James M. Neenan, Gabriel S. Ferreira, Ingmar Werneburg, Paul M. Barrett, and Roger B. J. Benson. "Neurovascular anatomy of the protostegid turtle Rhinochelys pulchriceps and comparisons of membranous and endosseous labyrinth shape in an extant turtle." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187 (August 21, 2019): 800–828. https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz063.

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Evers, Serjoscha W, Neenan, James M, Ferreira, Gabriel S, Werneburg, Ingmar, Barrett, Paul M, Benson, Roger B J (2019): Neurovascular anatomy of the protostegid turtle Rhinochelys pulchriceps and comparisons of membranous and endosseous labyrinth shape in an extant turtle. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 800-828, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz063, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/advance-article/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz063/5552592

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16

Scheyer, Torsten M., Gustavo R. Oliveira, Pedro S. R. Romano, et al. "A forged 'chimera' including the second specimen of the protostegid sea turtle SantanaCHelyS gaffneyi and shell parts of the pleurodire AraripemyS from the Lower Cretaceous Santana Group of Brazil." Swiss Journal of Palaeontology 142, no. 1 (2023): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13358-023-00271-9.

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Scheyer, Torsten M., Oliveira, Gustavo R., Romano, Pedro S. R., Bastiaans, Dylan, Falco, Lisa, Ferreira, Gabriel S., Rabi, Márton (2023): A forged 'chimera' including the second specimen of the protostegid sea turtle SantanaCHelyS gaffneyi and shell parts of the pleurodire AraripemyS from the Lower Cretaceous Santana Group of Brazil. Swiss Journal of Palaeontology (6) 142 (1): 1-11, DOI: 10.1186/s13358-023-00271-9, URL: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13358-023-00271-9

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17

Kear, Benjamin P., and Michael S. Y. Lee. "A primitive protostegid from Australia and early sea turtle evolution." Biology Letters 2, no. 1 (2005): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2005.0406.

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Sea turtles (Chelonioidea) are a prominent group of modern marine reptiles whose early history is poorly understood. Analysis of exceptionally well preserved fossils of Bouliachelys suteri gen. et sp. nov., a large-bodied basal protostegid (primitive chelonioid) from the Early Cretaceous (Albian) of Australia, indicates that early sea turtles were both larger and more diverse than previously thought. The analysis implies at least five distinct sea turtle lineages existed around 100 million years ago. Currently, the postcranially primitive Ctenochelys and Toxochelys are interpreted as crown-gro

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18

SHIMADA, KENSHU, and G. E. HOOKS. "SHARK-BITTEN PROTOSTEGID TURTLES FROM THE UPPER CRETACEOUS MOOREVILLE CHALK, ALABAMA." Journal of Paleontology 78, no. 1 (2004): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360(2004)078<0205:sptftu>2.0.co;2.

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19

Scavezzoni, Isaure, and Valentin Fischer. "Rhinochelys amaberti Moret (1935), a protostegid turtle from the Early Cretaceous of France." PeerJ 6 (April 10, 2018): e4594. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4594.

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Modern marine turtles (chelonioids) are the remnants of an ancient radiation that roots in the Cretaceous. The oldest members of that radiation are first recorded from the Early Cretaceous and a series of species are known from the Albian-Cenomanian interval, many of which have been allocated to the widespread but poorly defined genus Rhinochelys, possibly concealing the diversity and the evolution of early marine turtles. In order to better understand the radiation of chelonioids, we redescribe the holotype and assess the taxonomy of Rhinochelys amaberti Moret (1935) (UJF-ID.11167) from the L

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20

SACHS, SVEN, MARKUS WILMSEN, JOSCHUA KNÜPPE, JAHN J. HORNUNG, and BENJAMIN P. KEAR. "Cenomanian–Turonian marine amniote remains from the Saxonian Cretaceous Basin of Germany." Geological Magazine 154, no. 2 (2016): 237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756815001004.

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AbstractThe Saxonian Cretaceous Basin constitutes an important source of rare Late Cretaceous marine amniote fossils from Germany. It is also historically famous, having been documented in a series of monographic works published by the distinguished German palaeontologist Hanns Bruno Geinitz in the nineteenth century. The most productive rock units include the upper Cenomanian Dölzschen Formation and upper Turonian Strehlen and Weinböhla limestones (lower Strehlen Formation). A survey of curated specimens recovered from these deposits has now identified isolated teeth of probable polycotylid a

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21

KEAR, BENJAMIN P., BORIS EKRT, JOSEF PROKOP, and GEORGIOS L. GEORGALIS. "Turonian marine amniotes from the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin, Czech Republic." Geological Magazine 151, no. 1 (2013): 183–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756813000502.

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AbstractDespite being known for over 155 years, the Late Cretaceous marine amniotes of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin in the Czech Republic have received little recent attention. These fossils are however significant because they record a diverse range of taxa from an incompletely known geological interval: the Turonian. The presently identifiable remains include isolated bones and teeth, together with a few disarticulated skeletons. The most productive stratigraphical unit is the Lower–Middle Turonian Bílá Hora Formation, which has yielded small dermochelyoid sea turtles, a possible polycotyli

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22

Adrian, Brent, Heather F. Smith, and Andrew T. McDonald. "A revised turtle assemblage from the Upper Cretaceous Menefee Formation (New Mexico, North America) with evolutionary and paleobiostratigraphic implications." PeerJ 13 (April 23, 2025): e19340. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19340.

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The middle Campanian Menefee Formation (Fm.) of the San Juan Basin of New Mexico is a relatively understudied terrestrial deposit in southern Laramidia preceding the fossil-rich upper Campanian Fruitland and Kirtland formations that have been studied for more than a century. Previous collection efforts have revealed a diverse dinosaurian and crocodyliform fauna in the Menefee Fm., including ankylosaurian, tyrannosaurid, hadrosaurid, ceratopsian, and neosuchian taxa. Nearly a decade has passed since the last description of the Menefee turtle fauna, and we present new material that provides insi

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23

Crous, Pedro W., Lori M. Carris, Alejandra Giraldo, et al. "The Genera of Fungi - fixing the application of the type species of generic names - G 2: Allantophomopsis, Latorua, Macrodiplodiopsis, Macrohilum, Milospium, Protostegia, Pyricularia, Robillarda, Rotula, Septoriella, Torula, and Wojnowicia." IMA Fungus 6, no. 1 (2015): 163–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5598/imafungus.2015.06.01.11.

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24

López-Conde, Oliver A., María L. Chavarría-Arellano, Hector Porras-Múzquiz, and Jesús Alvarado-Ortega. "Remains of a sea turtle from the Austin Formation (Upper Cretaceous, Campanian), Coahuila, Mexico." Revista Paleontología Mexicana 13, no. 2 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/igl.05437652e.2024.13.2.376.

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New remains of a sea turtle from the San Carlos quarry (Upper Cretaceous, Campanian), Austin Formation in the north of Coahuila state, Mexico, are reported. San Carlos quarry is composed of limestones and its Campanian age is based on the presence of the ammonites Scaphites hippocrepis and Delawarella delawarensis. In addition to the presence of turtles, this quarry also contained ammonites, bivalves, crabs, sea urchins, bony fish remains, and shark teeth. The study material is housed at Museo Paleontológico de Múzquiz. The preserved fossil elements correspond to postcranial elements, which pr

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25

Scheyer, Torsten M., Gustavo R. Oliveira, Pedro S. R. Romano, et al. "A forged ‘chimera’ including the second specimen of the protostegid sea turtle Santanachelys gaffneyi and shell parts of the pleurodire Araripemys from the Lower Cretaceous Santana Group of Brazil." Swiss Journal of Palaeontology 142, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13358-023-00271-9.

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AbstractFossils of Cretaceous sea turtles adapted to an open marine lifestyle remain rare finds to date. Furthermore, the relationships between extant sea turtles, chelonioids, and other Mesozoic marine turtles are still contested, with one key species being Santanachelysgaffneyi Hirayama, 1998, long considered the earliest true sea turtle. The species is an Early Cretaceous member of Protostegidae, a controversial clade either placed within or closely related to Chelonioidea or, alternatively, along the stem lineage of hidden-neck turtles (Cryptodira) and representing an independent open mari

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26

Evers, Serjoscha W., James M. Neenan, Gabriel S. Ferreira, Ingmar Werneburg, Paul M. Barrett, and Roger B. J. Benson. "Neurovascular anatomy of the protostegid turtle Rhinochelys pulchriceps and comparisons of membranous and endosseous labyrinth shape in an extant turtle." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, August 21, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz063.

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AbstractChelonioid turtles are the only surviving group of reptiles that secondarily evolved marine lifestyles during the Mesozoic Early chelonioid evolution is documented by fossils of their stem group, such as protostegids, which yield insights into the evolution of marine adaptation. Neuroanatomical features are commonly used to infer palaeoecology owing to the functional adaptation of the senses of an organism to its environment. We investigated the neuroanatomy and carotid circulation of the early Late Cretaceous protostegid Rhinochelys pulchriceps based on micro-computed tomography data.

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27

Menon, Juliette C. L., Donald B. Brinkman, Guilherme Hermanson, Walter G. Joyce, and Serjoscha W. Evers. "New insights into the early morphological evolution of sea turtles by re-investigation of Nichollsemys baieri, a three-dimensionally preserved fossil stem chelonioid from the Campanian of Alberta, Canada." Swiss Journal of Palaeontology 143, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13358-024-00323-8.

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AbstractThe early evolution of Pan-Chelonioidea (sea turtles) is poorly understood. This is in part due to the rarity of undeformed skulls of definitive early stem chelonioids. In this work, we redescribe the holotype of Nichollsemys baieri using µCT scans and segmentations of the skull. This fossil is the best 3D preserved skull of any Campanian sea turtle, and includes partial “soft tissue” preservation. Nichollsemys is morphologically similar but clearly distinct from Toxochelys spp., and both show a mosaic of plesiomorphic and derived chelonioid features. The internal cranial anatomy docum

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28

Cadena, Edwin A., and James F. Parham. "Oldest known marine turtle? A new protostegid from the Lower Cretaceous of Colombia." PaleoBios 32 (September 7, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/p9321028615.

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