Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Protozoaire'
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Brotherton, Marie-Christine. "Études protéomiques chez le parasite protozoaire Leishmania." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29748/29748.pdf.
Full textDEVILLARD, ESTELLE. "Enzymes fibrolytiques d'un protozoaire cilie du rumen, polyplastron multivesiculatum." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CLF22206.
Full textMuyombwe, Anthony. "Approches moléculaires pour le développement des vaccins vivants contre le parasite protozoaire Leishmania." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ31768.pdf.
Full textMcNicoll, François. "Étude des mécanismes de régulation génique stade-spécifique chez le parasite protozoaire Leishmania." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23820/23820.pdf.
Full textCloutier, Serge. "Régulation du facteur de traduction elF2alpha au cours du développement du parasite protozoaire Leishmania." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29011/29011.pdf.
Full textSekkat, Najoua. "Contribution à l'étude de l'écotoxicité de produits purs et en mélanges complexes par le bioessai protozoaire Colpidium campylum." Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUES018.
Full textMazet, Muriel. "Culture in vitro et caractérisation d'enzymes hydrogénosomales chez Histomonas meleagridis, protozoaire flagellé parasite de gallinacés." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00718217.
Full textEl, Fadili Amal. "Étude du mécanisme de polyglutamylation des folates et antifolates chez le parasite protozoaire Leishmania tarentolae." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60715.pdf.
Full textMahet, Mathilde. "Processus photochimiques primaires de la photophobie du protozoaire cilié Blepharisma japonicum : étude par pectroscopie ultrarapide." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066603.
Full textLamontagne, Julie. "Identification d'une copie du mini-exon différenciellement polyadénylée au stade amastigote du parasite protozoaire Leishmania donovani." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ38129.pdf.
Full textDzierszinski, Florence. "Deux enzymes glycolytiques du protozoaire parasite Toxoplasma gondii : clonage, expression différentielle des gènes, caractérisation enzymatique et phylogénie." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2000/50376-2000-282.pdf.
Full textUne etude structure-fonction de deux boucles peptidiques, typiques des enolases de t. Gondii et p. Falciparum et de celles de plantes superieures, demontre leur influence sur l'activite et la stabilite de l'enzyme. Enfin, nous avons egalement isole l'adnc codant une seconde enolase. Le gene eno2 est preferentiellement transcrit chez le tachyzoite virulent. L'isoforme eno2 est specifique de cette forme. Les caracteristiques enzymatiques des deux isoformes d'enolases de t. Gondii ont ete comparees, et leurs differences d'activites pourraient temoigner du maintien de la glycolyse en accord avec les besoins specifiques des deux stades asexues de t. Gondii dans le metabolisme des carbohydrates
Ahmed, Ouameur Amin. "Caractérisation de la famille des transporteurs de folate et de la bioptérine (FBT) chez le parasite protozoaire Leishmania." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28244/28244.pdf.
Full textDelorme, Violaine. "Propriétés mobiles du protozoaire toxoplasma Gondii : contribution du flux de phosphate aux caractéristiques fonctionnelles du complexe Actine/Toxofiline." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077033.
Full textChou, Marie-Noëlle. "Caractérisation du complexe protéique eIF2a impliqué dans la régulation de l'initiation de la traduction chez le parasite protozoaire Leishmania." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22822/22822.pdf.
Full textESSODAIGUI, MOHAMED. "La multidrug resistance dans les cellules tumorales et le parasite protozoaire leishmania : analyse spectrofluorimetrique des mecanismes d'efflux actifs impliques." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066659.
Full textCLAYET, FREDERIC. "Contribution a l'etude des cellulases et des hemicellulases d'epidinium ecaudatum forme caudatum (crawley) : protozoaire cilie du rumen de mouton." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF21565.
Full textCombe, Audrey. "Entrée et développement des sporozoïtes de plasmodium dans les cellules hôtes." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077196.
Full textMalaria remains one of the most deadly infectious diseases in the world. The symptomatic phase is due to the multiplication of the parasite inside red blood cells of the host. This blood phase is preceded by the so-called pre-erythrocytic phase, which occurs mostly in the liver of the host. During the latter phase, the sporozoite stage of the parasite is injected into the host skin by a mosquito, invades hepatocytes and generates the merozoite stage that invades erythrocytes. During my thesis, I focused on various aspects of entry and development of the Plasmodium sporozoite in host cells, using a rodent model of infection. First, we characterized a novel protein that is necessary for the motility of the sporozoite and its capacity to invade the mosquito salivary glands. This protein, called TREP, is a new member of the family of proteins that link the substrate to the parasite motor. Second, we examined the role of actin in the host cell during the entry of Plasmodium sporozoites and Toxoplasma tachyzoites. In contrast to the commonly accepted model of a host cell playing no active role during zoite entry, our results showed that zoites induce actin polymerization in the host cell specifically at the zoite-host cell junction. Finally, we established a new conditional mutagenesis procedure in Plasmodium, based on the Flp/FRT System of yeast, for addressing the function of parasite essential genes in the pre-eryhtrocytic stages (sporozoite and intra-hepatocytic). Using this technique, we showed that the MSP-1 protein, which is essential for merozoite invasion of erythrocytes, is also essential for the formation of merozoites from the intra-hepatocytic stage of the parasite
Chou, Marie-Noëlle. "Caractérisation du complexe protéique eIF2[alpha] impliqué dans la régulation de l'initiation de la traduction chez le parasite protozoaire Leishmania." Québec : Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22822/22822.pdf.
Full textLeprohon, Philippe. "Caractérisation de la famille des protéines ABC et étude transcriptomique de la résistance à l'antimoine chez le parasite protozoaire Leishmania." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25561/25561.pdf.
Full textThe parasite Leishmania is responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality around the world. No effective vaccine is yet available against this parasite and treatment thus relies on chemotherapy. Few drugs are available and most of them are associated with limitations such as toxicity and high cost. Pentavalent antimonials have been used for decades in the treatment of leishmaniasis and remain the mainstay against all forms of Leishmania infections in most endemic regions. However, the efficacy of these compounds is compromised by the selection of resistant parasites that are now described on a frequent basis in several endemic regions. The mechanisms involved in antimony resistance are partly understood and have pinpointed the role of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins. Moreover, drug resistance studies with different in vitro-selected mutants have suggested the presence of unidentified mechanisms involved in antimony resistance. The objectives of this thesis were i) to define the complete ABC protein family in Leishmania and to analaze their evolution by phylogenetic analyses, ii) to assess the role of the entire ABCC subfamily in antimony resistance, and iii) to take advantage of the availability of the Leishmania genome sequence to study the gene expression profile associated with an antimony resistance phenotype at the genomic level. Phylogenetic analyses revealed the magnitude of the ABC gene family in Leishmania, which seemed to have undergone gene duplication events following the divergence of the Leishmania lineage. Moreover, subcellular localization experiments indicated that the entire ABCC protein subfamily is located to intracellular compartments in Leishmania, and gene overexpression experiments revealed the involvement of two of these proteins in antimony resistance. Finally, a whole-genome transcriptomic study confirmed the involvement of MRPA in antimony resistance and revealed the recombination events associated with its amplification in the highly resistant L. infantum Sb2000.1 mutant. More importantly, the transcriptomic study revealed the presence of aneuploid chromosomes in at least two different antimony-resistant mutants and selection of a partial revertant strain allowed the observation of a good correlation between the antimony resistance levels and the copy number of the aneuploid chromosomes.
Leclerc, Annouck. "Faisabilité d'un test de biodiagnostic environnemental basé sur l'utilisation d'un biomarqueur moléculaire de toxicité chez le protozoaire cilié Tetrahymena pyriformis." Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EMSEA003.
Full textThe detection of toxic chemicals constitutes a major stake to reach a good chemical and ecological state of environmental water. Our project aims to exploit the sensitivity of a cellular model to detect in an early and reliable way the presence of cytotoxic concentrations of pollutants. The feasibility of an environmental test, based on the induction of the Metallothionein gene as a molecular toxicity biomarker, was investigated in the ciliate protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis. The expression of the MT gene was analysed by RT-PCR to check the relevance of this gene as a molecular biomarker of toxicity. Four dangerous pollutants were tested: cadmium, mercury, the nonyl- and the octyl-phenol. Among technologies transposable in the field, genetically transformed organisms constitute powerfull tools to detect weak concentrations of chemicals in the water. We aim to develop T. Pyriformis cells transformed with a constitutive or pollutants-inducible construction. The region of the histone H4I gene was cloned, and the region of the MT gene has to be cloned to develop transgenic cells able to inform about weak concentrations of pollutants in the environmental water
Marchal, Laurence. "Interaction cellule-hôte/parasite : analyse de la réponse de la cellule mammifère à l'invasion par le protozoaire Apicomplexe Toxoplasma gondii." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MNHN0012.
Full textChou, Marie-Noëlle. "Caractérisation du complexe protéique eIF2[alpha] impliqué dans la régulation de l'initiation de la traduction chez le parasite protozoaire Leishmania." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18072.
Full textDurocher, Alicia. "Dynamique de la formation des corps multilamellaires et de l'enrobage de bactéries par différents protozoaires." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66435.
Full textMany protozoa, ubiquitous unicellular eukaryotes, are predators of bacteria. However, bacteria-protozoa relationships are complex and can lead to some particular interactions. Some protozoa, including the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum, can produce multilamellar bodies (MLBs) upon digesting bacteria. These structures were initially identified as metabolic waste, but it has been suggested that they could have additional roles. Not all bacteria can be digested by all protozoa, and some digestion-resisting bacteria can be packaged into the fecal bodies produced by protozoa. These fecal bodies share similarities with MLBs. This master’s project was meant to shed a light on some aspects of bacteria-protozoa interactions, by characterizing the phagocytic pathway of some environmental social amoebae and by analyzing the impact of bacterial characteristics on the morphology of bacteria packaging. These objectives were met by cultivating the protozoa species of interest with either digestible bacteria (for MLB production) or undigestible bacteria (for packaging) and using diverse microscopy methods. Our results show that the four environmental isolates of social amoebae, belonging to the Dictyostelium genus but presenting distinct characteristics, can produce MLBs upon growth on digestible bacteria. As for the study of bacteria packaging morphology, results suggest that a bacteria’s surface hydrophobicity and cell size are the characteristics impacting packaging morphology the most. However, it is not excluded that other factors may intervene as well, including some not considered in this project. These results bring new understanding to bacteria protozoa relationships, but many questions remain. The development of more refined analysis method will be paramount to answering these.
HERVIO, DOMINIQUE. "Contribution a l'etude de bonamia ostreae (ascetospora), protozoaire parasite de l'huitre ostrea edulis (bivalvia), et a l'analyse des interactions hote-parasite." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CLF21387.
Full textJulia, Valérie. "Analyse du role des lymphocytes tcd4+ dans la susceptibilite des souris balb/c a l'infection par le protozoaire intracellulaire leishmania major." Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE5301.
Full textGuinet, Françoise. "Chromosome 12 de P. Falciparum : caractérisation d'une mutation du développement sexué et identification d'un locus impliqué dans la variation antigénique." Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA077351.
Full textBAMDAD, MORAD-HASSEL MAHCHID, and C. A. GROLIERE. "Etude de la toxicite de la nigericine, antibiotique polyether carboxylique, en relation avec ses proprietes ionophores, sur le protozoaire cilie tetrahymena pyriformis." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CLF21356.
Full textGofti-Laroche, Leila. "Évaluation du risque microbiologique hydrique : validation épidémiologique des fonctions dose-réponse du risque viral et parasitaire : étude EMIRA." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE18001.
Full textIounes, Nadia. "Contribution à l'étude de l'impact des chlorophénols sur des espèces représentatives de l'environnement." Rouen, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ROUE5030.
Full textDibao-Dina, Alfred. "Élaboration d’un système in vitro de suivi en continu par spectroscopie d’impédance électrique de l’infection d’une lignée de cellules cancéreuses par un protozoaire parasite : Cryptosporidium parvum." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10002/document.
Full textCryptosporidium is the main origin of worldwide waterborne epidemic outbreaks caused by protozoan parasites. In this thesis, we show that an in vitro electrical impedance-based device is able to get insights on Cryptosporidium life cycle on a cell culture and to quantify sample infectivity. HCT-8 cells (human adenocarcinoma) were grown to confluency on interdigitated microelectrode arrays during 76 hours and then infected by Cryptosporidium parvum during 60 hours. The impedimetric response was measured at frequencies ranging from 100Hz to 1MHz and a 7min sampling period. As the infection progresses, the impedance signal shows a reproducible distinct succession of peaks at 12, 23 and 31h post infection (PI), and minima at 9, 19 and 28h PI. An electrical equivalent circuit modeling-based approach indicates that these features can be partly explained by the effects of host-parasite interactions on intercellular areas. Furthermore, our data present for the first time a real-time monitoring of early homogeneous parasitic stage development with alternating invasive (i.e. zoites) and proliferative (i.e. meronts) form predominances, observed respectively at peaks and minima in the impedimetric signal. Finally, by quantifying the magnitude of the impedimetric response, we demonstrate this device can also be used as an infectivity sensor as early as 12h PI, thus being at least 4 times faster than other state of the art techniques
Lantier, Louis. "Les cellules dendritiques CD103+ intestinales : maîtres d'oeuvres du contrôle naturel de la cryptosporidiose et cibles de choix pour l'immunostimulation protectrice contre la maladie." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4051.
Full textAt birth, the neonatal immune system is still developing. In the first part of the thesis we investigated the characteristics of the intestinal immune system of neonates that lead to their greater susceptibility to infection by Cryptosporidium parvum. This protozoan is an excellent model for studying mucosal immune responses. Indeed, its development is restricted to the intestinal epithelium and is strictly related to the immune status of its host which explains the particular susceptibility of neonates and immunocompromised to this zoonotic agent. We have demonstrated that CD103+ dendritic cells (DC) are essential for the control of the acute phase of infection and their low representation in the ileal lamina propria of neonates was responsible for their higher susceptibility to infection. We have accurately identified the CXCR3-dependent mechanism for the recruitment of DC CD1O3+ in the infected mucosa and their ability to produce IL -12 and IFNdz, two major cytokines involved in the mechanism of protection. The second part of this work was to use an immunostimulatory strategy based on administration of TLR ligands that can strongly activate neonatal DC of the intestine. This approach allows a fast and highly effective control of an ongoing C. parvum infection
Rhalem, Abdelkébir. "Propriétés immunologiques des antigènes de deux parasites intestinaux (Nippostrongylus brasiliensis "nématode" et Eirmeria falciformis "protozoaire" rôle des antigènes de surfaces dans l'induction de l'immunité protectrice de la souris /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376180297.
Full textBogaerts, Philippe. "Utilisation du protozoaire cilie tetrahymena pyriformis comme agent de transformation d'un polluant organique, le lactoserum, et comme biotest permettant d'evaluer la toxicite de molecules chimiques et d'echantillons naturels." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CLF22054.
Full textRhalem, Abdelkébir. "Proprietes immunologiques des antigenes de deux parasites intestinaux (nippo-strongylus brasiliensis nematode et eimeria falciformis protozoaire) : role des antigenes de surfaces dans l'induction de l'immunite protectrice de la souris." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066508.
Full textBrazard, Johanna. "Photoactivation femtoseconde de deux nouvelles protéines de la famille des cryptochrome/photolyase, issues de l'algue verte Ostreococcus tauri : photocycle ultrarapide et état signalant de la photophobie du protozoaire Blepharisma japonicum." Paris 6, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03184590.
Full textTravier, Laetitia. "CARACTERISATION DES PROTEINES DE GRANULES DENSES DE TOXOPLASMA GONDII :Etude des interactions protéiques et lipidiques et du rôle des hélices alpha-amphipatiques de GRA2." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00182730.
Full textVidal, Sophie. "La transmission transplacentaire des protozoaires." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05P145.
Full textPavlou, Georgios. "Toxoplasma gondii, un champion de course et un redoutable envahisseur. Etude des forces motrices et invasives." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALV023.
Full textToxoplasma gondii is a cosmopolite obligate intracellular Apicomplexa parasite that infects a wide repertoire of warm-blooded animals and virtually all nucleated cells. About a third of the human population carries the persistent stage of T. gondii, and is known at risk for life-threatening toxoplasmosis in case of immune-dysfunction. The invasiveness of the T. gondii tachyzoite developmental stage is a key determinant for expansion of the parasite population and accounts for the initiation of acute tissue damages associated with the disease. The tachyzoite is a several micrometer size bow-shaped cell that displays a robust polarity and is equipped with a typical apical apparatus made of cytoskeletal arrangements and specific secretory vesicles. With these attributes, the tachyzoite contact the host cell surface with the apical side and enters within a second time-scale into a budding entry vesicle by injecting a protein complex into and beneath the facing plasma membrane. The complex, seen here as an invasive nanodevice, defines a tight zoite-cell interface that bridges both cells through a circular junction. This tight Zoite-Cell Junction (ZCJ) serves therefore as a door of entry but also as an anchor point to withstand the parasite invasive force required to actively enter the host cell. In addition, its tightness acts as a molecular sieve to select for components from the plasma membrane able to flow into the budding entry vesicle.The PhD thesis brings new insights on the forces underlying (i) the peculiar mode of locomotion called helical gliding of free tachyzoite (ii) the host cell invasion event in particular at the end of the process thereby introducing conceptual and experimental biophysics framework. The first part combines high-speed quantitative live microscopy with force microscopy and Reflection Interference Contrast Microscopy and use micropatterning. These quantitative approaches have allowed unveiling the spatiotemporal integration of a unique polar anchoring adhesion and the traction-spring-torque triad forces that set the Toxoplasma thrust force required for high-speed helical gliding.The second part of the PhD relies on the quantitative high speed live imaging and on a set of both parasite and host cell lines engineered to express fluorescent markers of interest, in particular related to the ZCJ element, together with innovative invasion assays designed to monitor in detail the poorly documented pinching off step of the budding entry vesicle. Indeed this membrane fission event promotes the birth of a bona fidae sub-cellular compartment enclosing the tachyzoite, and further remodeled to support parasite growth. These approaches have allowed identifying the peculiar rotation of the tachyzoite along the long axis which imposes a twisting motion on the parasite basal pole and directs closure of the circular invasive device therefore promoting both sealing and release of the entry vesicle. Importantly membrane fission occurs upstream the site of the nanodevice insertion and is independent of the host cell mechanoenzymes dynamins, a protein family primarily involved in pinching off of the endocytic pits and thus in endosome birth. Overall, the work supports the view that the tachyzoite has evolved a multifunction invasive nanodevice, which together with the final torque mimics the fission activity of the dynamins. Finally, monitoring distinct host cell plasma markers and their rapid reorganization upon the tachyzoite twist allowed proposing that the latter could also act as an initial mechanical trigger for the transition to the intracellular lifestyle.In conclusion, this PhD work has succeeded in implementing new biophysics-based concepts and techniques to start unraveling the biomechanics of the T. gondii tachyzoite, in particular in the context of essential behaviors including (i) the navigation on 2D and within 3D substrates and (ii) the host cell invasion process
Grattepanche, Jean-David. "Trophodynamisme des protozoaires microzooplanctoniques en Manche orientale." Littoral, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DUNK0300.
Full textThis PhD firstly aims to characterize the structure and variability of the heterotrophic protists community in the Eastern English Channel, in relation to the phytoplankton recurrent spring blooms and secondly to understand their trophic link with both phyto- and zooplankton. In situ survey was carried out from February 2007 to July 2009 and allowed to assess (1) the seasonal variability of heterotrophic protists related to the phytoplankton succession (bottom-up control) ; (2) the year to year variability in relation with Phaeocystis globosa bloom magnitude and duration ; (3) the importance of dinoflagellates as major consumers of phytoplankton, particularly of diatoms and P. Globosa colonies (<100 μm). This survey also suggested the top-down control on heterotrophic protists by copepods. Dilution ets carried out throughout the spring 2009 confirmed in situ observations. In fact, microzooplankton consumption often equalled or exceeded phytoplankton production. Results from size-fractionated dilution experiments revealed different size class of prey for ciliates (< 10 μm) and dinoflagellates (> 10 μm) suggesting the lack of trophic competition. The PhD then focused on the importance of heterotrophy in the Eastern English Channel via a dark microcosms experiment (19 days). This experiment confirmed that heterotrophic protists communities were efficient consumers of phytoplankton. Metazoans peaked one week delay after protists, suggesting time lag response to available trophic resource for these two groups. This experiment allowed to estimate the metazoan impact (particularly rotifers) on microplanktonic protozoans (predation/competition)
Le, scanf Cécile. "Etude moléculaire et immunologique de deux variants antigéniques de Plasmodium falciparum induisant une réponse immune spécifique chez le singe Saimiri sciureus." Toulouse, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAT0016.
Full textPotiron, Laurent. "Rôle des phagocytes mononuclées dans la réponse immunitaire innée contre cryptosporidium parvum." Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR3809.
Full textNewborns (children, ruminants) are particularly susceptible to intestinal infection by the parasite Cryptosporidium parvum because their immune system is still developing. To date, parasite control methods are limited. There is no vaccine and the only molecule which possess a marketing authorization for calves, Halocur ™, presents toxicity at 2 times the therapeutic dose. The development of new immunoprophylactic methods requires better understanding of the immune mechanisms occurring during infection. Innate immunity plays a major role in controlling the acute phase of infection and we previously demonstrated in the laboratory that intestinal mononuclear phagocytes CD11c+ are key players in the protection process. In this thesis, we confirmed the role of dendritic cells (DC) CD103+ using mice BatF3-/- in which the development of the two DC subsets CD103+CD11b+ and CD103+CD11b- is altered in the intestine making these animals more susceptible to infection. This high susceptibility can be partially mitigated by preventive administration of IL-12 to Batf3-/- neonatal mice. Batf3-/- adult mice which are only deficient for the CD103+CD11b- DC subset were transiently susceptible to infection in contrast to conventional mice that are highly resistant
Le, Dû Anne. "Application de tests protozoaires dans l'évaluation du risque en milieu aquatique." Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUEO7TP.
Full textTis study allowed us to optimize the freshwater protozoan test Colpidium campylum Compatible with routine work, easy to learn, discriminant ont the natural samples, it is bioassay which could advantageously complete the standard protocols used for aquatic toxicity detection. But, in front of the complexity of the pollution phenomena in the environment, mostly due to the persistence, the degradation and the mixture of toxicants, it is appared important for us to develop a way of study more informative than the ponctual acute toxicity measure. Applied to the biological and chemical measures, the factorial experiments and the data analysis allow to detect interactions between variables studied. The kind of invesitigation, aplicable to all miniaturezed bioassay, gives the ability to grade in the waste such as inn the receiving waters, the main factors responsible of the risk in the aquatic environment. Priorities of treatment could be established efficiently on the base of ecotoxicological criteria. At least, in order to limit the lack in the marine environment about tests, we have tried to develop a marine protozoan test Pseudocohnilembus marinus. The protocol defined gives the ability to evaluate the risk in the estuary and near the coast such as we have done for the fresh water
Gay, Andrieu Françoise. "Apport de la cytométrie en flux à l'étude des interactions hôtes-protozoaires." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO1T097.
Full textPalos, Ladeiro Mélissa. "Interactions protozoaires – moule zébrée (Dreissena polymorpha) : implication en biosurveillance sanitaire et environnementale." Thesis, Reims, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REIMS005/document.
Full textAssessment of the water biological contamination by protozoa is crucial since one in two person of the world population is or has been infected by a parasitic zoonosis. The main protozoa responsible of waterborne outbreaks are Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia duodenalis and Toxoplasma gondii. Currently, protozoa detection is only based on water analysis. Irrelevant and time consuming, water analysis do not permit accurate biomonitoring. These project aims to use the freshwater mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, as a new complementary tool for biological quality analysis of freshwater. Through in vivo, ex vivo and in situ experiments, we determine the utility of zebra mussel for protozoa accumulation and their accumulation pattern within mussel tissues. Already use as a sentinel specie for chemical contamination, biological stress caused by protozoa has been determined in laboratory experiments on key cells of bivalve immunity, the hemocytes. Hence, Dreissena polymorpha could be involved in a twofold biomonitoring tactics: sanitary biomonitoring related to the use of zebra mussel as vector to protozoa with public health issue and environmental biomonitoring on understanding of the confounding factors in biological responses used as biomarkers
Diogon, Marie. "Contribution à l'étude du cytosquelette et de son rôle dans la morphogenèse corticale chez les Ciliés Paramecium et Tetrahymena." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF21336.
Full textVinckier, Daniel. "Différentiation cellulaire chez les microsporidies : étude ultrastructurale du développement de Nosemoides vivieri V.D. et P. et Nosema apis Zander et mise en évidence de l'évolution des systèmes membranaires par la technique de cryofracture." Lille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL10050.
Full textGeba, Elodie. "DROPPE - la DReissène comme Outil éPurateur des Protozoaires dans les Effluents de STEP." Thesis, Reims, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REIMS041.
Full textWastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents are the source of many chemical and biological contaminations, and the treatments used are inefficient for some of them. Among biological contaminants, some are the focus for new research, such as three human pathogenic protozoan parasites: Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis. Indeed, these protozoa are clearly identified as public health priorities since they correspond to the three main parasites responsible for waterborne outbreaks. The aim of this doctoral work is to investigate the use of Dreissena polymorpha, a freshwater bivalve mollusc (zebra mussel), as a tool for bioremediation of protozoa in WWTP effluent. For this, the kinetics of protozoa accumulation and depuration by zebra mussel were characterized over 21 days, in order to evaluate the bioextraction capacity of this bivalve. The survival and health status of zebra mussels in WWTP effluent were also assessed in situ. These experiments showed that mussels survived in WWTP effluent and were also capable of extracting and integrating the protozoa present in the environment. Additional experiments were carried out to better understand the fate of parasites bioaccumulated by D. polymorpha as regards viability and infectivity. This work highlights the interest of Dreissena polymorpha as a tool for bioremediation of protozoa, particularly in wastewater treatment plant effluent
Palka, Laurent. "Rôle des protozoaires bactériophages du sol dans la minéralisation de l'azote en conditions gnobiotiques." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37617299q.
Full textPalka, Laurent. "Role des protozoaires bacteriophages du sol dans la mineralisation de l'azote en conditions gnotobiotiques." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF21150.
Full textHohweyer, Jeanne. "Contamination des mollusque bivalves et des végétaux par les protozoaires Cryptosporidium, Giardia et Toxoplasma." Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIMM203/document.
Full textFoodborne infections are a major public health problem and have a significant economic impact. Pathogens implicated in these outbreaks can be bacteria, viruses and parasites. Their impact on the consumer's health can be significant, depending on the immune status of the person and the pathogen source. Globalization has increased the risk of spreading of viable and virulent . The food at risk is mainly fresh food, eaten raw or undercooked, which has been widely irrigated by potentially contaminated waters during production. In this study, we have developed methods to extract and detect Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidium and Giardia parasites from basil and raspberry with techniques able to detect the three parasites by qPCR. In this aim, we have developed a technique for the immuno-capture of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts using a monoclonal antibody directed against the oocyst wall. These protocols have been validated by interlaboratory trials with the participation of four laboratories involved in the same project. We have subsequently sought to better understand the real risks for consumers by undertaking a study of Reverse transcriptase PCR in parallel with in vivo, thus allowing to correlate the viability of parasites with their infectivity. This work contributes to a better control of health risks associated with food and presence of parasites, through a strategythat could be standardized and offered to industrial partners