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1

Hemery, Gabriel E. "Juglans regia L : genetic variation and provenance performance." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:160d3486-f71c-4575-84e7-85dc64b3222f.

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A range-wide collection of Juglans regia seeds was undertaken in autumn 1997 from 12 countries, including 25 provenances and 375 half-sib progenies. 2200 seedlings were produced using innovative nursery techniques. The seedlings were planted in three provenance trials in southern England in 1999, the largest of which acted as a combined provenance/progeny trial. After one growing season, survival was 98.9 %, mean height growth 35 cm, and mean stem diameter increment 5 mm. Provenance differences for both height and stem diameter increment were highly significant (p<0.001). There were no significant genotype × environment interactions. Flushing assessments revealed few significant differences between provenances and flushing was complete by early April. Family heritability for tree height was 0.19 at one site and, with combined selection, genetic gain was estimated at 8 %. The effects of three types of treeshelter and a stumping treatment on walnut establishment were tested over three growing seasons. Treeshelters were found beneficial to height increment. However, 120 cm tall shelters promoted early flushing, and consequent risk of increased frost damage, and caused more stem die-back than 75 cm shelters. Stumping promoted rapid early height increment but gave no longer-term benefit. The crown (cd) and stem (dbh) diameter at breast height relationship of open growing trees in Britain was assessed and was highly significant (r2 = 0.96, p<0.001). The regression equation (cd = 2.71 + 17.6dbh) permitted the estimation of suitable planting densities for the provenance trials and the calculation of a thinning regime. Isozyme analysis of the 375 genotypes identified 20 loci in 15 enzyme systems with seed embryo extracts. Using young leaf extracts, the polymorphic locus Pgm-1 indicated low expected heterozygosity of 0.06 both within populations and at the species level. FST and GST estimates, both 0.05, indicated high uniformity among populations. Genetic distance estimates did not identify significant clustering consistent with geographic origin.
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Ndeze, Michel. "Provenance variation in Maesopsis eminii Engl." Thesis, Bangor University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297671.

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3

Moura, V. P. G. "Provenance variation of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. in Brazil." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371566.

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4

Dia, Aline. "Sediments et evolution geochimique (evolution de la croute continentale et etude de la limite cretace-tertiaire) : contraintes apportees par l'analyse isotopique (neodyme et plomb) et les teneurs en elements traces." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA077050.

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L'utilisation d'analyses isotopiques (nd et pb) et des teneurs en elements-trace a permis d'aborder plusieurs aspects de la geochimie des roches sedimentaires. On s'interesse a l'aspect temporel enregistre par les sediments avec la caracterisation de la croissance de la croute continentale et l'etude de son evolution chimique au cours du temps (afrique du sud et canada). L'autre aspect etudie concerne l'individualisation des contributions respectives des sources de particules sedimentaires (etude isotopique de la limite cretace-tertiaire, evolution geochimique du bassin oceanique marocain), les concentrations secondaires ou les phenomenes de circulation
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5

Sagaram, Madhulika. "Variation in ecogeographical traits of pecan cultivars and provenances." Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1579.

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6

Ferreira, Inês Lima Correia Amorim. "Contribution to the knowledge of provenance effect on cork oak (Quercus suber L.) performance within the scope of the Reinfforce Project." Master's thesis, ISA/UL, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17815.

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Mestrado em Gestão e Conservação dos Recursos Naturais - Instituto Superior de Agronomia / Universidade de Évora
Cork oak (Quercus suber L.) is distributed in the western part of the Mediterranean Basin, occurring across a wide range of environmental conditions and thus, it has the potential to exhibit a larger intraspecific variation in morphological and functional traits. Significant differences among populations of cork oak have been reported for several traits related to acorn size, growth, and functional traits related to leaf pest damage resistance, drought and cold tolerance. The central purpose of this study was to investigate the inter-provenance variability of cork oak in 4-year-old seedlings. This study was carried out at the arboretum of Tapada da Ajuda (planted in 2012) located in Lisbon, Portugal; between January and July 2016. This is within of the Reinfforce’s arboreta network, which aims to address the adaptability of forest species in the European Atlantic region to climate change. The variation in budburst timing, growth, morphological and physiological traits was compared for six contrasting cork oak provenances from the natural distribution area of the species. Regarding timing of budburst, Italian and French (Pyrenees) provenances from the eastern part of the natural range tended to burst earlier than French provenance (Landes) from the western part. Regarding growth, Spanish provenance exhibited one of the lowest total height and Moroccan exhibited one of the lowest basal diameter. Moroccan exhibited one of the lowest height growth during the study period. Both provenances above mentioned exhibited lower increases in basal diameter. Regarding leaf morphology, Moroccan exhibited one of the highest leaf size and specific leaf area. Regarding physiological traits, Moroccan consistently revealed one of the lowest relative and absolute foliar chlorophyll (Chl) content as well as Chl a/b ratio. Seedlings did not exhibit damage at the photosystem II level in January, suggesting that cold-induced photoinhibition of PSII during winter did not occur in this study. All seedlings exhibited signs of photosynthetic decline in mid-March. The Fv/Fm ratio was a good indicator of leaf senescence. The results of the simulation tests of late spring frost were inconclusive. However, Spanish and Italian provenances exhibited low leaf cell membrane injury, determined by relative electrolyte leakage, suggesting lower freezing sensibility. The existence of significant differences among provenances reveals the possibility of selection at the provenance level for (re)forestation actions
N/A
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7

Akhter, Shaheen. "The provenance variation in natural durability of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco)." Thesis, Bangor University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367387.

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8

Wright, Jeffery Alan. "Provenance variation in wood characteristics of Pinus caribaea Morelet and P. oocarpa Scheide." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b5f95b58-5a9c-41c2-b058-89c3614740d2.

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Densitometric, volumetric and paper-making traits of provenances of Pinus caribaea Morelet, P. oocarpa Schiede and P. patula SchiedeariclDeppe ssp. tecunumanii (Eguiluz and Perry) Styles were evaluated. Provenance mean values of densitometric density (DEN) and within tree density variation (VAR) were significantly different (p<0.05) at seven of the fourteen P.caribaea and at one of the seven of P. oocarpa and P. patula ssp. tecunumanii trials. Provenance mean valuesor volume under bark (VUB)and dry matter index (DMI) were significantly (p<0.05) different at all of the P. caribaea and at five of the P. oocarpa and P. patula ssp. tecunumanii trials. The inland provenances of P. caribaea were generally Higher for DEN and VAR than the coastal provenances, he Camelias, Mountain Pine Ridge, Rafael and Yucul provenances of P. patula ssp. tecunumanii were superior to P. oocarpa provenances for VUB and DMI in all of these trials and were superior to P. caribaea at two sites where the species were growing under similar conditions. Evaluation of densitometric races revealed large differences between species, provenances and sites for the width and density of latewood; this could explain much of the variation in VAR between these sources. The analysis of variance was used to assess genotype by environment interaction of DEN and VAR from eleven provenances of P. caribaea var. hondurensis Barrett and Golfari at eleven sites and from five provenances of P. oocarpa and four provenances of P. patula ssp. tecunumanii at sfx sites. Sites and provenances were significantly different for DEN and VAR in both series of trials out the site by provenance term was not statistically significant in either. Indications were that P. caribaea would be expected to have lower values of DEN and VAR at higher altitude. Provenances of P. oocarpa and P. patula ssp. tecunumanii were lower for VAR at sites of lower latitude but there were no individual site factors which could be correlated with DEN in these provenances. The comparison of full-scale pulping with micropulping of small wood samples from felled trees of six pine species in the Eastern Transvaal, South Africa, revealed positive and significant correlations for the pulp yield and paper strength traits. The correlation of tear index and VAR in these trees was positive and significant. Evaluation and analyses of a number of pine species and provenances by micropulping of cores from standing trees revealed significant differences for certain of the paper strength traits. The Caftas provenance of P. oocarpa was unusual in having high values for both tear index and burst index when grown in Zululand. Similar conclusions were reached for provenances of P. patula ssp. tecunumanii grown in the Eastern Transvaal. The conclusions of this thesis were: 1. Site climatic factors did not affect DEN and VAR of the different species and provenances in the same way; 2. The VAR term varied as a result of site, species and provenance; 3. There was no genotype by environment interaction for DEN«*rJ VAR; 4. The correlation of VAR with pulp and paper-making traits indicated that trees with high VAR were superior for tear index to trees with low VAR; 5. Micropulping of small wood samples could be used to assess the paper-making traits of individual trees.
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9

Belonger, Paul J. "VARIATION IN SELECTED JUVENILE WOOD PROPERTIESIN FOUR SOUTHERN PROVENANCES OF LOBLOLLY PINE." NCSU, 1998. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-19981027-102102.

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BELONGER, PAUL JAMES. Variation of selected juvenile wood properties in four southern provenances of loblolly pine. (Under the direction of Steven E. McKeand.)Gravimetric wood density, x-ray densitometry, and latewood tracheids were used to investigate the relative importance of genetic and environmental effects on various assessments of wood density, tracheid characteristics, and growth traits in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). Breast-height wood samples were taken from four 12-year-old plantings of a genetics trial that included approximately 50 open-pollinated families of loblolly pine from diverse sources. The densitometry and tracheid analysis included wood samples from only two of the test sites and assessed variation in 51 families, and 38 families, respectively. Moderate provenance differences, but strong family and environmental differences were found for wood density and volume, and the pooled genetic correlation between volume and density was -0.30. The Atlantic Coastal and Lower Gulf sources had higher average wood density than the Marion County and Gulf Hammock sources, and the Lower Gulf source had the lowest stem volume. Provenance variation in wood density was not consistent with geographic trends indicating a need for field testing in the area of intended deployment. Location effects were very important and sites which promoted high volume production also appeared to cause low wood density. Strategies are available to combat the unfavorable negative environmental correlation (-0.91, P < 0.01) between stem volume and wood density. Provenance variation was important for disk densities of early ring segments, but diminished with age and was not significant (P > 0.10) beyond the segment consisting of rings 3-6. Pooled narrow-sense heritability estimates for the consecutive-ring group disk densities ranged from 0.142 to 0.225, and all groups were highly correlated with average (tree) disk density (rA > 0.90). Mean latewood density and mean latewood percent both showed a strong positive genetic correlation with average disk density and the disk density of the ring 3-5 segment. Early selection for disk density can be effective.The transition to "mature" wood occurred at ring number 5.9 at the flatwoods location with higher wood density and ring number 8.9 at the upland test site with lower density. The point of transition also showed a strong provenance component (P < 0.05); the higher density Atlantic Coastal and Lower Gulf Coastal Plain sources transitioned sooner than the lower density Gulf Hammock and Marion County sources. Trachied length, total diameter, lumen diameter, and cell wall thickness were measured using outer-ring latewood tracheids. Of the trachied traits, only cell wall thickness showed a marginal location effect (P < 0.10). Measured in the middle-third of the cells, tracheids sampled at the Florida location were about 11% larger in total diameter, lumen diameter, and cell wall thickness, but no difference was detected for tracheid length. Provenance differences were strongest for cell wall thickness (P < 0.01) and marginally important for tracheid length (P < 0.16) and total cell diameter (P < 0.18).Variation among families within provenances was large (P < 0.01 for all tracheid traits) and resulted in relatively high narrow-sense heritability estimates of 0.58 for length, 0.34 for total diameter, 0.22 for lumen diameter, and 0.37 for cell wall thickness. The genetic correlations among these traits were all greater than 0.69 except the correlation between length and lumen diameter which was 0.42. Measurement of tracheid length can be used to assess family differences for cell diameter and cell wall thickness.None of the tracheid traits were strongly correlated with average disk density or the disk density of rings 3-5. Therefore, genetic selection for high average density in 10 to 12 year-old loblolly pines from the provenances studied here will not produce a predictable pattern in the character of outer-ring latewood tracheids.

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10

Bengtsson, Rune. "Variation in common lime (Tilia x europaea L.) in Swedish Gardens of the 17th and 18th centuries /." Alnarp : Department of Landscape Management and Horticultural Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2005. http://epsilon.slu.se/200564.pdf.

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11

Thomas, Barbara R. "Regional, provenance and family variation in cold hardiness of western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl. ex. D. Don)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28995.

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Thirty-seven seedlots of western white pine (Pi nus mont i col a Doug. ex. D. Don) were tested for frost hardiness to determine how transferable seed would be from different seed sources within white pine's coast and interior ranges in British Columbia. Twenty-nine seedlots represented the coast and interior of British Columbia (BC), two were from coastal United States (US), three were from interior US and three were hybrids between interior US and interior BC parents. Detached needles were exposed to a series of freezing temperatures in a programable freezer and relative hardiness was calculated as the length of injured needle expressed as a percentage of total needle length 10 days after freezing. Seasonal progress in hardening was tested using five dates in the autumn of 1989. Seedlings were maintained at the University of British Columbia nursery. Testing also was carried out from samples collected on separate dates from Nakusp in the BC interior and from Ladysmith, a coastal BC site. There was a statistically significant (p<0.0l) regional difference between the BC coast and BC interior sources in all test runs, excluding the first UBC run and the Ladysmith run. In the runs where regions differed significantly, the difference in percent damage response of needles to freezing was approximately 20%. Measurements of shoot growth phenology were planned as an additional component of growth rhythm. Injury from uncontrolled freezing forced a change of objective to evaluation of genetic differences in recovery from freezing. Those evaluations did not reveal genetic differences in recovery.
Forestry, Faculty of
Graduate
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12

Kantarl, Mustafa. "Intraspecific variation in the IUFRO 16 year old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) : Provenance-progeny trial in Haney, British Columbia." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27495.

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Variation in height, dbh and volume was analyzed after 16 years of growth. Results were compared with the 4th and 7th growing season measurements for height. This trial comprised 464 open-pollinated families representing 58 provenances planted at the University of British Columbia Research Forest in Haney, B.C. in 1971. Phenotypic variations between and within provenances, additive genetic variances, heritabilities, genetic gain and juvenile * mature correlations were estimated for the three growth variables according to zone groupings. The effects of provenance by block and family by block interactions were evaluated. Expected reductions from the genetic gain caused by the interactions were calculated. Relationships among growth variables and growth variables versus geographical variables were investigated by simple and multiple linear regression analyses. An attempt was made to classify provenances according to their adaptation to the Haney planting site, on the basis of their performance over the years. Within provenance variation for height was compared among provenances and was related to the geography of origin of provenances. Explanations from the point of evolutionary biology were discussed. High values of calculated genetic gain indicated that significant improvement could be achieved by selection. Age - to - age correlations for height were highly significant (p ≤ 0.01) over time and therefore it was concluded that selection is possible after age 7. However, if we consider the importance of the time factor in improvement, programs, it is feasible to select after age 5. Differential results obtained by regression analysis between height and dbh according to zone grouping suggest that volume will be a better criterion for selection purposes than height alone.
Forestry, Faculty of
Graduate
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13

Jibo, Abdullahi Umar. "Variation in drought tolerance and morphological plasticity among two provenances of Acacia senegal (Senegalia senegal) seedling in North Eastern Nigeria." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=227119.

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14

Sotelo, Montes Alcira del Carmen. "Variation génétique des caractéristiques de croissance et du bois de Capirona (Calycophyllum spruceanum) provenant de l'Amazonie péruvienne." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23993/23993.pdf.

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Un essai de provenance/descendance de Calycophyllum spruceanum a été établi dans un bassin de l’Amazonie péruvienne dans le but de: (a) évaluer la variation génétique de la croissance de l’arbre (hauteur et diamètre) et des propriétés du bois (masse volumique, couleur, retrait, résistance maximale et coefficient de déformation statique [s11] en compression longitudinale, s11 dynamique en direction longitudinale mesuré par ultrasons), (b) estimer la proportion de la variation sous contrôle génétique, (c) estimer l’effet de la sélection pour la croissance sur les propriétés du bois, et (d) déterminer la variation radiale de la masse volumique (par densitomètrie à rayons X) et sa corrélation avec la croissance de l’arbre. La hauteur de l’arbre et le diamètre de la tige près du niveau du sol ont été mesurés à l’âge de 16, 28 et 39 mois. Le diamètre à 1,3 m de hauteur et les propriétés du bois ont été mesurés à l’âge de 39 mois. En général, le bois présenta une couleur uniforme, un retrait moyen et une résistance et rigidité relativement élevées. Des variations significatives dues aux familles à l’intérieur des provenances et/ou aux provenances ont été observées pour la croissance, la masse volumique, et quelques paramètres de couleur, retrait, résistance et rigidité. En général, les familles ont présenté plus de variation que les provenances. L’héritabilité a été modérément forte pour la masse volumique basale, le retrait, la résistance et rigidité statique, et relativement faible pour les caractères de croissance, ainsi que pour la couleur, le coefficient d’anisotropie et la rigidité dynamique. Les héritabilités de la croissance, masse volumique, couleur et retrait du bois ont été en général plus élevées pour les zones de plantations à croissance plus rapide. Les corrélations génétiques sont telles que (a) la sélection d’arbres à croissance rapide produirait un bois plus dense, (b) cette sélection d’arbres à croissance rapide et du bois plus dense conduirait à l’obtention d’un bois plus résistant et rigide, sans effet significatif sur la couleur, mais augmenterait le retrait. De plus, la masse volumique a augmenté significativement de la moelle vers l’écorce, spécialement pour les arbres et zones à croissance plus rapide. Les corrélations phénotypiques suggèrent que la sélection d’arbres à croissance rapide pourrait provoquer l’obtention d’une plus grande variation de la masse volumique en direction radiale. Finalement, les méthodes non-destructives utilisées se sont avérées très efficaces pour l’étude de la qualité du bois de cette espèce.
A provenance/progeny test of Calycophyllum spruceanum was established in one watershed in the Peruvian Amazon in order to (a) evaluate genetic variation in tree growth (height, diameter) and wood properties (density, color, shrinkage, ultimate crushing strength (σL) and static compliance coefficients (s11) in longitudinal compression, and dynamic s11 in the longitudinal direction determined by ultrasound), (b) estimate the proportion of the variation under genetic control, (c) estimate the effect of selection for growth on wood properties, and (d) determine the radial variation in wood density (by microdensitometry)and its correlation with tree growth. Tree height and stem diameter near ground level were measured at 16, 28 and 39 months. Diameter at 1.3 m and wood properties were measured at 39 months. In general, the wood was relatively uniform in color, with average shrinkage and relatively high strength and stiffness. Significant variation due to families within provenances and/or provenances was found in tree growth, wood density, and some color, shrinkage, strength and stiffness characteristics. In general, families accounted for more variation than provenances. Heritability was moderately high for basic wood density, shrinkage, strength, and stiffness determined by the static s11, and relatively low for growth traits, wood color, coefficient of anisotropy and stiffness determined by the dynamic s11. The heritability of growth traits, wood density, color and shrinkage was generally higher in the planting zone where trees grew most rapidly. Genetic correlations indicated that (a) selecting faster-growing trees would result in denser wood; (b) the selection of faster-growing trees with denser wood would result in stronger and stiffer wood, without a significant effect on its color, but would increase the shrinkage. In addition, wood density increased significantly from pith to bark, especially in the zones where trees grew more rapidly. Phenotypic correlations suggested that selecting faster-growing trees would result in greater radial variation in wood density. Finally, the non-destructive methods used were very effective for studying wood quality in this species.
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Danusevicius, Darius. "Early genetic evaluation of growth rhythm and tolerance to frost in Picea abies (L.) Karst /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1999. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1999/91-576-5637-1.pdf.

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16

Bužinskas, Linas. "Paprastosios eglės skirtingų kilmių fenotipinių požymių kintamumas Agurkiškės bandomuosiuose želdiniuose." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050616_123722-31921.

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Objective of the study is to assess wood yield and quality of Polish Norway spruce provenances and transfer effect in comparison with the local provenances. Object of the study is experimental plantation established in Kazlų Rūda EFE, Agurkiškės forest district (62 comp.., 43 plot). Six southern Polish proveniences were from Istebna, Ustron, Ujstoly ir Lagow forest districts and three open-pollinated families from Girionys seed orchard and progeny from the local Agurkiškės forest district were tested. Area of the experimental plantations 1,8 ha. Methods: quantitative and qualitative traits of the trees in the plantation were assessed by using the following tools and methods: height was measured with a telescopic pole, diameter with calipers and the quantitative traits were assessed by the standard methods used in genetics and breeding. Results: this study showed that growth rate and wood yield of the southern provenances were higher than of the progenies of the selected plus trees of Lithuanian origin. However, wood yield of soother Polish provenances was significantly higher than that of the local regular stands of Agurkiškių provenance. This indicates, that the seed orchard material is superior over the material form regular unimproved forests stands. This difference may be caused not only by the geographical transfer effect but also related to genetic quality of the original stands. Polish provinces possessed a lower number of forked trees but their stems were less... [to full text]
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17

Baraket, Sami. "Quelques résultats sur des équations aux dérivées partielles non linéaires provenant de problèmes géométriques." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DENS0012.

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Dans ce travail on s'intéresse à des solutions de problèmes variationnels intervenant en géométrie ou en physique, minimisantes ou non. Nous avons étudié plus particulièrement les applications harmoniques entre variétés riemanniennes et les solutions du système de Ginzburg-Landau. Nous donnons plusieurs résultats d'analyse asymptotique de ces solutions lorsque l'on fait varier certains paramètres significatifs. Des problèmes analogues aux applications harmoniques provenant de la physique, telle l'équation de Landau-Lifschitz ont été résolus
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18

Durufle, Harold. "Production et traitement de données omiques hétérogènes en vue de l'étude de la plasticité de la paroi chez des écotypes de la plante modèle Arabidopsis thaliana provenant d'altitudes contrastées." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30219/document.

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Le réchauffement climatique constitue une problématique d'actualité très préoccupante en raison de ses effets potentiels sur la biodiversité et le secteur agricole. Mieux comprendre l'adaptation des plantes face à ce phénomène récent représente donc un intérêt majeur pour la science et la société. L'étude de populations naturelles provenant d'un gradient d'altitude permet de corréler l'impact d'un ensemble de conditions climatiques (température, humidité, radiation, etc.) à des traits phénotypiques. Ces différentes populations sont dites adaptées à leurs conditions climatiques in natura. En cultivant ces plantes dans des conditions standardisées de laboratoire (intensité lumineuse, substrat, température, arrosage, etc...), la variabilité phénotypique observée, est alors due essentiellement à la variabilité génétique intrinsèque à chaque plante, donc à son génotype. La mise en culture de ces mêmes plantes en changeant une seule variable, par exemple la température, permet de mettre en évidence un phénotype caractéristique. Ce phénotype observé peut être une réponse d'acclimatation d'un génome adapté. Le projet WallOmics vise à caractériser l'adaptation des plantes à l'altitude par l'étude de populations naturelles d'Arabidopsis thaliana provenant des Pyrénées. Les acteurs moléculaires de l'adaptation des plantes au climat sont encore mal connus mais il apparaît que la paroi des cellules végétales pourrait avoir un rôle important dans ce processus. En effet, celle-ci représente le squelette des plantes et leur confère une rigidité tout en représentant une barrière externe sensible et dynamique face aux changements environnementaux. Sa structure et sa composition peuvent être modifiées à tout moment. Il est d'ailleurs possible de dire que cette paroi végétale donne la forme générale de la plante (taille, forme, densité, etc...), son phénotype observable. Ce projet se consacrera principalement à l'étude des parois des cellules végétales. Les nouvelles technologies ont permis l'émergence des données dites "omiques", c'est-à-dire de vastes ensembles de données provenant de niveaux biologiques multiples, comme des données écologiques, de phénotypages, biochimiques, protéomiques, transcriptomiques et génomiques. L'étude et la mise en relation de ces données ont favorisé le développement d'approches globales qui visent à établir une réponse à plusieurs échelles. C'est justement par ce type d'approche non mécanistique que le projet WallOmics a contribué à établir les bases moléculaires des modifications des parois face aux changements climatiques
Global warming is a current issue of great concern because of its potential effects on biodiversity and the agricultural sector. Better understanding the adaptation of plants to this recent phenomenon is therefore a major interest for science and society. The study of natural populations from an altitude gradient allows correlating a set of climatic conditions (temperature, humidity, radiation, etc...) with phenotypic traits. These different populations are considered as adapted to their climatic conditions in natura. By cultivating these plants under standardized laboratory conditions (light intensity, substrate, temperature, watering, etc.), the observed phenotypic variability, is essentially due to the genetic variability intrinsic to each genotype. The growth of these same plants by changing a single variable, for example temperature, makes possible to highlight a characteristic phenotype. This phenotype may be an acclimation response of a relevant genome. The WallOmics project aims at characterizing the adaptation of plants to altitude by studying natural populations of Arabidopsis thaliana from the Pyrenees. The molecular actors of the adaptation of plants are still poorly described, but it appears that the plant cell wall could play an important role in this process. Indeed, it represents the skeleton of plants and gives them rigidity while representing a dynamic and sensitive external barrier to environmental changes. Its structure and composition can be modified at any time. It is also possible to say that the plant cell wall gives the general shape of the plant (size, shape, density, etc.), that is its observable phenotype. This project will focus mainly on the study of the plant cell wall. New technologies have enabled the emergence of the so-called "omics" data, large sets of data at multiple biological levels, such as ecological, phenotypic, metabolomic, proteomic, transcriptomic and genomic data. The study and the links between these data have favoured the development of integrative approaches aimed at establishing a response at several scales. It is precisely by this type of non- mechanistic approach that the WallOmics project has contributed to establish the molecular players of plant cell wall modifications in the global warming context
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19

Assad, Amanda Aparecida Vianna. "Effect of seed provenances on anual increment, physicomechanical properties and anatomical features of 30 – year - old Balfourodendron riedelianum wood." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/9162.

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From increase of technology in forest products area, studies of native species are essential for development of industry and reforestation. As most of wood used for various applications comes from native forests, especially Amazon forest, exploitation without due legal measures puts at risk the wood conservation this Brazilian biome.In this context, studies are needed to characterize and study wood native quality indicating its most appropriate use. As an example we mention Balfourodendron riedelianum and the study of its anatomical, physical and mechanical properties with information about its age, seed provenance and planting data.The present study had as goals: a) determine the effect of seed provenances on tree volume, volume per hectare and mean annual increment of Balfourodendron riedelianum. b) determine variations in properties and anatomy in function of seed provenances and radial variation. c) characterize physical-mechanical properties to know wood strength and strength class. B. riedelianum seed lings were grown from the seeds planted in 1984 in the state of São Paulo, cities of Gália and Bauru, and in the state of Paraná, city of Alvorada do Sul. We felled 36 randomly selected trees, 12 from each seed provenance. A butt logwith1.3 m long was removed from the base of each tree, and a central plank was cut to obtain specimens for physical and mechanical properties and anatomical features. Three radial positions were established: the nearest part of trunk center, designated as pith, a middle position, and a position close to the bark, designated as bark.From standardized methodologies, the effect of seed provenance on tree volume, volume per hectare and average annual increment of Balfourodendron riedelianum were determined. Followed by determination of anatomical properties variations founded due seed provenances and radial variation. We also performed characterization of physical-mechanical properties by determination of wood strength and Strength class. We conclude that there were variations in wood volume and properties corroborating that trees were influenced by seed provenance. Alvorada do Sul wood presented higher strength and homogeneity compared to the other two provenances, whereas Gália and Bauru had the highest average annual increment.
Com o crescimento da tecnologia na área de produtos florestais o estudo de espécies nativas é essencial para o desenvolvimento da indústria e o reflorestamento.Como grande parte da madeira empregada para as mais diversas aplicações é proveniente de florestas nativas, especialmente a floresta amazônica,a exploração sem as devidas medidas legais coloca em risco a conservação da madeira deste bioma brasileiro. Neste contexto são necessários estudos que caracterizem e avaliem a qualidade de madeiras nativas indicando seu uso mais adequado. Como exemplo cita – se oBalfourodendron riedelianum e o estudo de suas propriedades anatômicas, físicas e mecânicas com informações quanto à sua idade, origem das sementes e dados do plantio. O presente estudo teve como objetivos: a) determinar e avaliar o crescimento em volume e incremento anual de Balfourodendron riedelianum oriundo de três procedências de sementes aos 30 anos de idade; b) caracterizar a madeira de Balfourodendron riedelianum quanto às suas propriedades física, mecânicas e anatômicas para determinação de sua qualidade; c) verificar se existem alterações nas propriedades em função das diferentes procedências das sementes e variação radial. As mudas das árvores de Balfourodendron riedelianum foram plantadas a partir de sementes de polinização aberta no ano de 1984, coletadas de três populações naturais de diferentes regiões: Alvorada do Sul-PR, Gália-SP e Bauru-SP e plantadas na Estação Experimental de Luiz Antônio (EELA). Foram coletadas 36 árvores, 12 árvores de cada procedência, um tronco basal de 1,30m foi retirado de cada árvore e em seguida retirado amostras de três posições radiais, sendo próximo à medula, região intermediária e próximo à casca. A partir de metodologias comumente empregadas foram determinados o efeito da procedência das sementes em volume da árvore, volume por hectare e incremento médio anual de Balfourodendron riedelianum. Seguido pela determinação das variações na estrutura da madeira decorrentes das procedências das sementes e da variação radial. Também foi realizada a caracterização das propriedades físico-mecânicas determinando a resistência da madeira e a classe de resistência. Concluiu - se que ocorreram variações no volume e nas propriedadesfisicomecânicas da madeira confirmando que as árvores foram influenciadas pela procedência. A madeira proveniente de Alvorada do Sul apresentou maior resistência e homogeneidade comparada as outras duas procedências, porém Gália e Bauru apresentaram maior incremento médio anual.
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20

Bouderrah, Mohamed. "Comparaison de deux modes de vitropropagation à partir de vitrosemis d'eucalyptus camaldulensis provenance lake albacutya : Micropropagation à partir de bourgeons axillaires, micropropagation à partir de bourgeons adventifs, et étude de la variabilité." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10002.

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Microbouturage à partir de vitrosemis : multiplication par fragmentation-élongation. Multiplication par hyper-ramification de bourgeons adventifs induits par caulogénèse sur des vitroplants. Variabilité clonale au cours des différentes phases de la multiplication par bourgeons adventifs
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21

(9802604), Subhash Hathurusingha. "Potential of Beauty Leaf Tree (Calophyllum inophyllum L) as a biodiesel feedstock." Thesis, 2012. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Potential_of_Beauty_Leaf_Tree_Calophyllum_inophyllum_L_as_a_biodiesel_feedstock/13462325.

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"The primary goal of this project was to evaluate the potential of Calophyllum inophylum as a biodiesel feedstock by studying various aspects of biodiesel production. The secondary goal was to determine provenance variations in biological aspescts and fatty acid profiles (FAP) of the species in relation to environmental conditions with the intention of determining optimum growth conditions and or selecting suitable cultivars for commerical plantations."--Abstract.
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22

何坤益. "= Genetic variation of casuarina provenance grown in Taiwan." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19123493367077641285.

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23

HONG, PEI-YUAN, and 洪培元. "Isozyme variations in different provenances of zelkova serrata." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95950105724501247340.

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24

Li, Jian Lin, and 李建霖. "Allozyme variation of different provenances of cyclobalanopsis glauca." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06975334556783637571.

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25

ZHANG, GUO-QHEN, and 張國楨. "Isozyme variation in different provenances of Cunninghamia konishii hay." Thesis, 1988. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11227258393389627396.

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26

LIN, HAO-ZHEN, and 林澔貞. "Isoperoxidase variation in provenances and the tissues of Alnus formosana Mak." Thesis, 1986. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56229625646501049400.

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27

Han, Ming-Chi, and 韓明琦. "Studies on 12 years growth variation of provenances of Casuarina equisetifolia in Taiwan." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96054248593803870574.

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碩士
中興大學
森林學系所
94
Casuarinas equisetifolia has a wide nature range. It’s still the most important trees of windbreak on the first coast line in Taiwan because of it has few and scattered form let winds flow and it can fixed flow sand and to adapt drought. In the 1992, Taiwan had a cooperation international provenance test of C. equisetifolia with the Winrock International Agriculture Development Research Institute. This report study on the variation of provenance for analysis significance tests, assess broad-sense heritability and variance components to understand the genetic characteristic. Test the Pearson’s correlation of growth and applied regression analysis to try to find the best provenance and the age for early selection. To Applied the factor analysis with principal components solution for morphological characteristic of joint assessed to understand characteristics of provenances. Understand the correlation and space distribution between the provenances that to apply the factor analysis with principal components solution and Cluster analysis. The result of that the 28 provenances had large environmental effect both in Sihhu and Penghu. Height, DBH and survival percentage had a significant between provenances in almost age classes. Except the survival value 0.9 in Sihhu on broad-sense heritability, the value of others between 0.4~0.7. Result of the variance components, the genetic variance had effected from environmental variance. Propose to 5 year can be the early selection age, Papua New Guinea (No. 12)、Philippines (No. 23)、Sabah (No. 18, 17)、Australia (No. 1) are the best provenances in Sihhu. The five characteristic from the morphological characteristic of joint assess: coarse and long in branchlets or branches, large height and DBH as small stem damage, great axis persistence and stem straightness, large angle of branches. The geographic variation exists among provenances from the provenances variation. On the space distribution, natural population from Australia/Pacific and South-East Asia had two forming a separate group and there had no significant cline in provenances.
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28

Tiao, Chen Chen, and 陳政道. "Using matK sequence data to unravel genetic variation of Casuarina international Provenances and Casuarina grown in Taiwan." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07460116119377547818.

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碩士
國立中興大學
生命科學系
92
Abstract Casuarina has been introduced and cultivated in Taiwan for a long time. The classification of the plant grown in Taiwan is difficult. The area of cultivation is wide spread and in some areas they have escaped from cultivation. Whether there is introgressive hybridization between species still remain to be clarified. The matK sequence of chloroplast genome was employed for the study of genetic relationship in Casuarina in the present study. Compared to other sequences, matK has faster evolutionary rate and more non-synonymous substitutions and indel events. The sequence is suitable for the study of relation between species. The materials used in the present study includes native provenances of C. equisetifolia, C. glauca, C. cunnunghamiana, cultivated provenances of C. equisetifolia, and the Casuarina cultivated on the coast of Taiwan. When the same sequences of different individuals were treated as a haplotype, different individuals of a provenance belong to the same haplotype in C. glauca and C. cunninghamiana while it is different in C. equisetifolia. Modeltest software was used to find the best DNA model based on hLRT and AIC test methods and the best model found was used in Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood methods to obtain best evolution trees. Among three species studied, C. glauca and C. cunninghamiana have closer relationship. The evolution trees resulted from Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood analyses indicated that there is resolution among species. However, the resolution within species is poor. The result of the study including native provenances of three species and cultivated provenances of C. equisetifolia indicated that all samples of cultivated provenances were clustered within the clade of C. equisetifolia. There is no evidence of hybridization in the samples of cultivated provenances. The result of the study including native provenances of three species and Casuarina grown in Taiwan indicated that among nine samples that are morphologically intermediate between C. equisetifolia and C. glauca (part of samples from Port of Taichung, Simun, Funyien, Yienliao, and Nanau), three samples were clustered within the clade of C. glauca indicating that these three samples may be the result of hybridization between maternal C.glauca an paternal C. equisetifolia. The remaining six intermediate samples clustered within the clade of C. equisetifolia may be the result of hybridization between maternal C. equisetifolia and paternal C. glauca.
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29

"Variation génétique des caractéristiques de croissance et du bois de Capirona (Calycophyllum spruceanum) provenant de l'Amazonie péruvienne." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23993/23993.pdf.

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30

Boateng, Kennedy. "Red alder (alnus rubra) defense mechanisms against western tent caterpillar (malacosoma californicum) defoliation." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/10821.

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Red alder (Alnus rubra) is a tree species with high economic and ecological importance. It is subject to defoliation during unpredictable, episodic outbreaks of tent caterpillars (Malacosoma spp.) that result in reduced growth, decreased wood production, unsightly appearance and mortality in severe cases. Alder trees are weakened by severe and repeated tent caterpillar defoliation, and this can increase the susceptibility of the trees to other pests, diseases and drought. Repeated attack by tent caterpillars can cause decline in red alder populations, which can have potential negative impacts on the ecological and economic benefits of the species. Evidence from other species has shown that plants produce phytochemicals for defense against herbivores at a cost to growth and reproduction, but the relative magnitude of the cost of allocating available resources to defense depends on the level of the resources, and the plant genotype. The quality of a plant as food for herbivores is influenced by leaf physical and biochemical traits, and these traits change during a growing season or upon attack by herbivores. My research aimed to explore the defense mechanisms of red alder against western tent caterpillars (Malacosoma californicum) and determine the resistance variation among and within red alder populations, and to evaluate red alder available resource (nitrogen) allocation to defense and growth. Bioassay feeding trials were conducted in 2014 and 2015 with western tent caterpillars (WTC) (M. californicum) on twenty red alder clones from ten provenances. Phenology and quality of red alder leaves as food for the defoliators were analyzed to determine if budburst, leaf chemical content, water content or physical traits are major determinants of western tent caterpillars preference for red alder leaves. In another experiment, one-year-old seedlings from 100 half-sib red alder families were treated with two levels of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) in two growing seasons in a common garden. Growth, herbivore defense-related traits and root nodulation were measured and ranked among the plant genotypes and between the two nitrogen (N) treatments. Leaves from the two N treatments and different alder families were also used for bioassay feeding trials with WTC larvae to determine effects of N and genotype on red alder herbivory resistance. In my final experiments, I harvested and analyzed leaves from three-year-old red alder trees from five different families on eight dates from early April to mid-October 2016 to quantify oregonin and total phenolics concentrations, and wound induction experiments were conducted to determine if the concentrations of the chemicals vary during a growing season and upon attack by insects. Alder clones and families differed in percentage leaf area eaten by caterpillars and in leaf defense traits. The concentrations of foliar phenolic compounds negatively correlated with the percentage leaf area eaten by the caterpillars, but the results suggest a threshold, above which the concentration of each of the chemicals appeared to reduce WTC feeding, individually. Particularly, foliar oregonin concentration above 20 % leaf dry weight consistently appeared to reduce feeding by caterpillars. N availability had significant effects on red alder seedling total dry biomass and leaf N concentration. There was a clear trade-off between red alder seedling growth, and content of the phenolic compounds and leaf thickness, which supports the growth-differentiation balanced hypothesis in relation to resource availability. The concentration of oregonin varied during the growing season and there were no significant responses of any of the measured compounds to wounding. The results suggest that red alder foliar oregonin, condensed tannin and total phenolics are constitutive defenses and are not wound-induced. The effects of leaf total phenolic and condensed tannin concentrations on insect herbivory have been documented by past studies but the effects of oregonin concentration in red alder leaves on tent caterpillar feeding is a novel finding.
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2020-04-18
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