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Liu, Kang. "On Chinese Translation of English Proverbs—A Dynamic Equivalence Perspective." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 10, no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 1442. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1011.14.
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Mainly derived from daily life of common people, English proverbs, as a highly condensed encyclopedia of the English-speaking nations and their cultures, cover the widest possible fields of the society ranging from the universal deepest philosophic contemplation to the commonest daily activities. English proverb translation has always been heatedly discussed in language field, and many scholars have made great contribution to it. They put forward different translation methods from different views. The paper attempts to discuss the Chinese translation methods on the basis of the dynamic equivalence theory.
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Wang, Jinyue. "Translating and Rewriting Chinese Proverbs: A Case Study of Howard Goldblatt’s English Translation of Mo Yan’s “Shengsi Pilao”." English Language and Literature Studies 9, no. 2 (May 23, 2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ells.v9n2p12.
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Howard Goldblatt’s translation of Mo Yan’s novels remains controversial because he has made various changes in his translation. As a result, a lot of original messages in Mo Yan’s novels were not completely conveyed. In this paper, this author compared and analyzed several examples of Chinese proverbs selected from Mo Yan’s novel “Shengsi Pilao” and their translation in “Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out” translated by Howard Goldblatt, in an attempt to investigate how Goldblatt coped with linguistic and cultural challenges in the examples. Findings indicate that based on rewriting, Goldblatt has basically used six translation methods to translate Mo Yan’s Chinese proverbs in the novel into English and his transcreation which was previously neglected can be uncovered in his translation of the proverbs. This study can help other translators reflect on how to translate proverbs in other Chinese literary works into English and provide valuable references to researchers who intend to conduct research into this area.
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Yakovleva, Elena L. "FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN TRANSLATION OF TAIWANESE COMMERCIAL ADVERTISEMENT." Вестник Пермского университета. Российская и зарубежная филология 12, no. 2 (2020): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2073-6681-2020-2-63-71.
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This study is an analysis of Taiwanese companies’ promotional texts. The products advertised include computer programs and games, high-tech computer equipment, machinery, spare parts for cars, LEDs, cosmetics, and other goods for distribution in Russian-speaking markets of CIS countries. Therefore, the target language (TL) of translation was Russian. The researcher has been collecting Taiwanese promotional translation texts for over ten years. This research utilizes an empirical inductive method and is supported by relevant translation theories such as Skopostheorie by Vermeer [1989] and re-contextualization theory by House [2008]. The article analyzes the difficulties in translating promotional materials from Chinese as the source language (SL) into English as the intermediary language (IL) and then from English into Russian as the target language (TL). The article demonstrates how an intercultural competence can be developed in doing international business when there are language barriers. Data analysis has revealed that Taiwanese promotional texts frequently use epithets, metaphors, idioms, sayings and proverbs which are integral to Chinese culture and speech. This type of figurative language is often difficult to translate due to cultural differences and lack of equivalent meanings or insufficient encyclopedic knowledge. In order to accurately convey the essence of the text translated, deliver effective promotional materials, and maintain the attractiveness of the product being advertised for the companies and their end users, a translator must become an intercultural mediator. This research will provide a greater insight into the interlingual and intercultural challenges and offer translation strategies that can assist translators in producing more accurate translations and maintaining more positive intercultural relations between Taiwan and other countries. This intercultural research will contribute to a greater understanding of how Taiwanese products can be better promoted in Russian- speaking markets.
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Wang, Xi. "Translation correction of English phrases based on optimized GLR algorithm." Journal of Intelligent Systems 30, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 868–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jisys-2020-0132.
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Abstract Basic syntactic analysis refers to sentence-level syntactic analysis. In the process of developing the Mat Link English–Chinese machine translation system, the Generalized Maximum Likelihood Ratio algorithm was improved, and a basic English syntax analyzer for English–Chinese translation was designed and implemented. The analyzer approves the structure of the analysis table with a variety of export products, introduces the character mapping function to realize the automatic recognition of the sentence boundary, uses the children of the same level to describe the grammatical structure of the sentence, and realizes the proverb from the original sentence to the target sentence stage conversion. Finally, through the analysis of example sentences, the design concept and working process of the basic grammar are explained.
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Shormani, Mohammed Q. "Does culture translate?" Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 66, no. 6 (December 4, 2020): 902–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.00201.sho.
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Abstract This study strives to answer one major question: Does culture translate?, employing the translation of English proverbs into Arabic by senior students majoring in English. The study involves 30 English proverbs collected from different sources, based on three criteria, namely complete Arabic equivalence, partial Arabic equivalence and zero Arabic equivalence. These 30 proverbs were distributed to 20 randomly selected senior students as participants. The participants translated the 30 proverbs in the form of a translation test in two phases. The results of the study show that teaching the cultural aspects of the proverbs has developed and improved the participants’ translations considerably, thus providing empirical evidence that culture translates.
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Yu, Rongmei. "Study on Origin of English and Chinese Proverb." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 10, no. 4 (July 1, 2019): 782. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1004.13.
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Proverbs are the summary of class struggle, working practice and life experience of human beings. Proverbs represent the unique characteristics and cultural features of a nation. People of various cultural backgrounds communicate with each other. Cross-cultural communication has been the focus of the present era. Only through communication can we learn from each other and come to know each other better. Only through communication can we give full play to human wisdom and enjoy the common fruits of civilization. The achievements brought about by cultural communication can never be over-estimated. Therefore, in order to gain a better cross-cultural communication with English speaking countries, it’s not only important but also necessary to understand the English and Chinese proverbs and their origins from a cultural perspective. This thesis analyzes and compares the cultural differences between English and Chinese proverbs from four aspects---Human experiences, Literary works, Religions and Social discrimination.
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LALABEKYAN, ANAHIT, and MONIKA MARTIROSYAN. "ON PROBLEMS OF TEACHING PROVERBS AND SAYINGS /NON SPECIALIST DEPARTMENTS." Main Issues Of Pedagogy And Psychology 15, no. 3 (December 19, 2017): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/miopap.v15i3.190.
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The article devoted to the study of teaching English proverbs and sayings and problems connected with them touched upon several important factors which affect greatly to the teaching process. The illustrated factors were the cultural differences between nations, unsatisfactory knowledge of cultures, problems with translations prepositions. Several methods of teaching proverbs and sayings were suggested
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Wilson, G. "Two Translations from the Chinese." English 37, no. 157 (March 1, 1988): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/english/37.157.40.
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Hovhannisyan, Anahit. "On Semantic Equivalence, In Translations of the Book of Proverbs: A Case Study." World Journal of English Language 11, no. 2 (September 3, 2021): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v11n2p127.
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The topic of this paper covers one of the mysterious and fascinating topics of biblical study, specifically biblical proverbs. The paper is primarily devoted to outlining translation equivalents of semantic parallelism across two languages – English and Armenian. By employing the method of comparing cultural values, are outlined the architecture of semantic parallelism and the role of translator as an agent of cultural mediation in regard to translation of biblical proverbs.
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Hao, Fu. "On English Translations of Classical Chinese Poetry." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 45, no. 3 (November 15, 1999): 227–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.45.3.05hao.
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Abstract There have been numerous classical Chinese poems translated into English since the 18th century, and many of them enjoy more than one version. This article discusses some prominent aspects of English translation of classical Chinese poetry, such as choice of words, syntax, metre and form, and allusion, based on comparative analysis of different versions. In the language of classical Chinese poetry, the prevailing monosyllabic word often tends to be polysemous and the grammatical function of a word more flexible. There are also many grammatical ellipses in its syntax. How does a translator choose the right word and decipher the sentence? In addition, classical Chinese poetry enjoys strict verse forms and rhyme schemes, and has a tradition to employ literary allusions. How can an English version achieve an equivalent effect? To solve such problems, translators in different times and places have made various experiments. But the swing of the pendulum seems not to go beyond the two extremes, rigidly imitating the original form or freely rewriting in another language. Under proper modulation, both methods may score some points. Résumé Il y a eu de nombreux poèmes classiques en langue chinoise traduits vers la langue anglaise depuis le 18ème siècle, et plusieurs d'entre eux ont plus d'une version. Cet article discute de certains aspects particuliers de la traduction anglaise de la poésie classique chinoise tels que le choix des mots, la syntaxe, la versification et la forme ainsi que les allusions, basées sur l'analyse comparative des différentes versions. Dans le langage de la poésie classique chinoise, le mot monosyllabique qui prévaut tend à avoir plusieurs significations et la fonction grammaticale du mot à être plus souple. Il existe aussi beaucoup d'ellipses grammaticales dans sa syntaxe. Comment un traducteur choisit-il le mot exact et décompose-t-il la phrase? En outre. la poésie classique chinoise nous offre une structure en vers et un agencement de rimes très strictes et possède une tradition de l'emploi d'allusions littéraires. Comment une version anglaise peut-elle atteindre un effet équivalent? Pour résoudre ce type de problèmes, les traducteurs à différentes époques et lieux ont effectué des expériences différentes. Mais le pendule ne balance pas en dehors des deux extrêmes, l'imitation rigide de la forme originale ou sa réécriture libre dans une autre langue. Selon la modulation appropriée, chacune des deux méthodes pourrait présenter certains avantages.
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Xu, Mingwu, and Chuanmao Tian. "Is ‘NBA’ Chinese or English?" English Today 33, no. 4 (July 10, 2017): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078417000232.
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In recent years, the use of foreign loanwords in Chinese has increased significantly. It has been estimated that there are currently about 3,000 foreign words in Chinese, most of which are related to English (Zhang, 2006). Of these, more than 500 words are frequently used, together with their abbreviations and translations. In response to this situation, the Chinese government established the Inter-ministerial Joint Meeting on Chinese Language Translation and Writing Specifications (IJM-CLTWS) in 2012, consisting of ten state-level ministries and institutions such as the State Language Commission, the Central Compilation & Translation Bureau, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Education. Thus far, the expert committee of the IJM-CLTWS has identified four groups of foreign words and their standard Chinese translations.
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Lamidi, Mufutau Temitayo. "The Structure and Texture of English Translations of Yorùbá and Igbo Proverbs." Journal of Universal Language 9, no. 1 (March 31, 2008): 61–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.22425/jul.2008.9.1.61.
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Lee, Sang-Oak. "Proverbial homogeneity: A cross-linguistic examination of Korean and Indonesian." Korean Linguistics 16, no. 1 (July 7, 2014): 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/kl.16.1.04lee.
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This study explores the use of keywords in proverbs in Korean, English, Chinese, and Indonesian. The study applies the traditional corpus linguistic tools of frequency and ranking to the keywords found in proverbs in an attempt to characterize the proverbs of these languages. The frequency data show that English proverbs are dominated by abstract keywords like “love, God, age, foolishness, wisdom, poverty, good, evil, and truth.” On the other hand, Chinese proverbs are dominated by more “action oriented” and “pragmatic concern” keywords such as “heart, time, talk/say, act/do, words, method, and knowledge,” showing a clear divergence from the frequency structure of English proverb keywords. Surprisingly, Korean proverb keywords, just like the English keywords, are also found to share very little in common with Chinese, a longstanding neighbor which has strongly influenced the cultural life of Korea over the last two millennia. Instead, the data show that the proverb keyword structure most resembles that of Indonesian, both having material/physical terms dominating the keywords and both sharing three common top-ranking keywords: water, dog, and cow.
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Wang, Jianjun, and Jing Jia. "Analysis of Symbolic Meanings between Chinese and English Food Proverbs from the Perspective of Cultural Linguistics." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 7, no. 2 (March 3, 2016): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.0702.24.
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Each nation has its own characteristic food culture, and cultural inheritance requires language as its carrier. Therefore, proverbs, as part of the treasure of human language, definitely contain profound cultural details. On account of people’s different perceptions of food, some relevant proverbs present different cultural connotations. This paper is to analyze symbolic meanings between Chinese food proverbs and English food proverbs from the perspective of cultural linguistics, and to explore the differences and similarities between Chinese culture and Western culture.
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Chan, Rachel Suet Kay. "Game of Translations: Virtual Community doing English Translations of Chinese Online Fiction." Journal of Science and Technology of the Arts 9, no. 1 (December 12, 2017): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7559/citarj.v9i1.263.
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Jiang, Jinlin, Ying Qin, and Ya Sun. "Constructing Automated Scoring Model for Human Translation with Multidisciplinary Technologies." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 11, no. 02 (February 23, 2016): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v11i02.5137.
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This study constructed a computer scoring model for Chinese EFL learners’ English-to-Chinese translations using multidisciplinary techniques in corpus linguistics, natural language processing, information retrieval and statistics. The proposed model, once implemented as computer software, can score English-to-Chinese translations in large-scale examinations. This study built five tentative scoring models with 50, 100, 130, 150 and 180 translations as the training set for 300 translations of an expository writing. The correlation coefficients between the computed scores of these models and human-assigned scores were above 0.8. The results further indicated that the computed scores with 130 training translations were closest to human-assigned scores. Therefore, it was concluded that the text features extracted in this research were effective and the finalized model can produce reliable scores for Chinese EFL learners’ English-to-Chinese expository translations.
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Wu, Qiling. "A Comparative Study of English and Chinese Proverbs Using Natural Semantic Metalanguage Approach." International Journal of English and Cultural Studies 2, no. 1 (February 19, 2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijecs.v2i1.3951.
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The current study investigates the similarities and differences between ‘equivalent’ proverbs in English and Chinese. It integrates natural semantic metalanguage (NSM) into a semantic and pragmatic analysis to explain differences in proverbs as cultural linguistic artifacts. In this study, NSM has enabled the cultural meanings behind the artifacts to be brought into stark contrast for careful qualitative discourse analysis. The findings of the study indicate that it is not only worthwhile but also practical to carefully examine English and Chinese proverb pairs, as their respective meanings may differ, offering unique insight into certain cultural factors. There is much potential for further research on linguistic cultural indicators such as proverbs, song lyrics, and idioms.
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Nikolaeva, O. V., Chen Shumei, and M. E. Panina. "Cross-cultural paremiology: Chinese proverbs and sayings in Chinese English language mass media." Sibirskiy filologicheskiy zhurnal, no. 60 (September 1, 2017): 233–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18137083/60/20.
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AKIMOVA, OLGA V. "SPECIAL ASPECTS OF APHORISMS TRANSLATION REPRESENTING THE "RESPECT" CONCEPT IN CHINESE LANGUAGE." HUMANITARIAN RESEARCHES 76, no. 4 (2020): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21672/1818-4936-2020-76-4-006-016.
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This article is devoted to the problems of translating Chinese paroemias with the “respect” concept into Russian. The relevance lies in the study and translation of aphorisms, proverbs and folk sayings with the “respect” word as they are culture universals, perform the function of keeping the traditions, history, culture of the people and clearly convey the culture of the representing country. The material of the work was written based on the analysis of translations of 61 paroemias, which include aphorisms, proverbs, sayings, chengyu related to “respect”. This article discusses in detail both the lexical and grammatical problems of translating the paroemias associated with the differences in the grammatical structure of the Chinese and Russian sentences, the features of the Chinese language as an isolating type. Own version of grammatical transformation applicable to the translation of grammatical constructions from Chinese language (grammatical explication) is also proposed.
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Khan, Lubna Akhlaq, Muhammad Safeer Awan, and Aadila Hussain. "Oral cultures and sexism: A comparative analysis of African and Punjabi folklore." Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan 26, no. 2 (December 19, 2019): 105–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46521/pjws.026.02.0010.
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The present study embarked with a supposition that there are similarities (traditional, under-developed, agri-based) between the Punjabi and African cultures, so the gender ideology might have similar patterns, which can be verified through the analysis of oral genres of the respective cultures. From Africa, Nigerian (Yoruba) proverbs are selected to be studied in comparison with Punjabi proverbs, while taking insights from Feminist CDA (Lazar 2005). The study has examined how Punjabi and Yoruba proverbs mirror, produce and conserve gendered ideology and patriarchism. Punjabi proverbs are selected through purposive sampling from ‘Our Proverbs’ (Shahbaz 2005) and Yoruba examples (with English translations and interpretations) are elicited from a dictionary of Yoruba proverbs (Owomoyela 2005), as well as articles written about gender by native Yoruba researchers. The investigation has uncovered through thematic content analysis that the portrayal of women in both communities is primarily biased, face-threatening and nullifying. Both languages have presented womenfolk mainly as unreliable, insensible, loquacious, insincere, ungrateful, opportunist, materialistic and troublemaking. Men have been depicted for the most part as aggressive, rational, prevailing, and anxious to take risks. This analysis infers that in asymmetrically organised Punjabi and African (Yoruba) communities, proverbs are deliberately sustaining inequality.
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Shihan Al-Saidi, Abdali H. "Pragmatic Analysis of the Translation of English Culture-Specific Proverbs into Arabic." Journal of the College of languages, no. 43 (January 2, 2021): 30–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.43.0030.
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Translating culture-specific proverbs (CSPs) is a challenging task since they often occur in a peculiar context. Further, CSPs are intended to imply meanings that extend far beyond the literal meaning of such a kind of proverbs. As far as English and Arabic are concerned, translators often encounter problems in translating CSPs due to cultural differences between the source language(SL) and the target language (TL) as well as what seems to be the lack of equivalence for some CSPs. In view of this, the present study aims at investigating the translation of CSPs in three English-Arabic dictionaries of proverbs, namely Dictionary of Common English Proverbs Translated and Explained (2004), One thousand and One English Proverbs Translated into Arabic (2008) and Dictionary of Wise Sayings and Proverbs (2009). Data of CSPs, in the aforementioned dictionaries, are analyzed as a case study. Specifically, the study attempts to examine whether CSPs are well translated and whether the translation strategies utilized have reflected the ST intended meaning (IM) and the embedded cultural implications as well. Out of the total data on CSPs, only ten examples are selected as representative samples for analysis. For the purpose of carrying out a meaningful analysis of the translation of CSPs, an eclectic model is adapted. It consists of Baker's (2011) cultural substitution strategy (CSS) in combination with Venuti's (2008) domestication strategy (DS) and Nida's (1964/1975) Functional (closest natural) equivalent as well. This proposed eclectic model was considered as the main theoretical framework of the study. Findings of the study revealed that the selected data have often shown low levels of adequacy in terms of expressing the meanings and pragmatic functions of the ST in the TT. Specifically, the selected translators provide inadequate translations of the cultural implications of the ST in the TT. In addition, this study concludes that translators can successfully render the intended meanings and the cultural elements of CSPs had they been not only bilingual but also bicultural since Arabic, particularly the Qur'an, Hadith, and the Arabic literature, is rich with CSPs that cover issues corresponding to those found in English proverbs. It is worth noting that even if the TL equivalent exists, it would not necessarily accomplish complete equivalence since the ways of expressing meaning and the usage of proverbs differ among languages.
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Nikolaeva, Olga V. "CHINESE PROVERBS AS ELEMENTS OF THE HIGH-CONTEXT COMMUNICATION IN CHINESE MEDIA IN ENGLISH." Bulletin of the Moscow State Regional University (Linguistics), no. 6 (2018): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18384/2310-712x-2018-6-101-109.
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Creamer, Thomas. "A Chinese-English Dictionary of Idioms and Proverbs (review)." Dictionaries: Journal of the Dictionary Society of North America 10, no. 1 (1988): 167–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/dic.1988.0023.
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Basnight-Brown, Dana M., Stephanie A. Kazanas, and Jeanette Altarriba. "Translation ambiguity in Mandarin-English bilinguals." Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 10, no. 4 (November 13, 2018): 559–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lab.17037.bas.
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Abstract Research focused on the cognitive processes surrounding bilingual language representation has revealed the important role that translation ambiguity plays in how languages are stored in memory (Tokowicz & Kroll, 2007). In addition, translation of emotionally related information has been shown to be challenging because a direct translation does not always exist (Basnight-Brown & Altarriba, 2014). The focus of the current study was to explore the processing of ambiguous words for translations that differ in orthography. In Experiment 1, Chinese-English bilinguals translated concrete and abstract words that differed in the number of translations across languages. In Experiment 2, emotion words were introduced into the context, in order to examine differences in emotion translation across languages. The results revealed that words with a single translation were produced faster and more accurately than words that had multiple translations. Finally, translation of emotional stimuli was faster when translating Chinese words as compared to English words.
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Guangjun, Wu, and Zhang Huanyao. "Translating political ideology." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 61, no. 3 (December 7, 2015): 394–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.61.3.05gua.
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Ideology is a major issue in Translation Studies. With a case study of the Chinese translations of English news headlines concerning the South China Sea disputes on the website of www.ftchinese.com, this paper attempts to provide insights into the translation of ideologies in news in the Chinese context. In the theoretical framework of critical discourse analysis, the ideological factors underlying the disparity between the English news headlines and their Chinese translations are explored. The three-dimensional model of analysis put forward by Fairclough is modified and adopted in this paper as the basic steps of analysis: firstly, describe the differences between the original and their translations; secondly, associate them with the social reality; finally, account for those differences. In addition, to demonstrate how translators maneuvered to reach a compromise with the antagonistic ideologies which may set difficulties either for the news to win the acceptance of Chinese online readers or pass the Chinese government censorship, this paper offers an analysis of the translation strategies adopted in those Chinese translations, such as substitution, omission as well as the more subtle strategies, including changes of modality and actor. It is found that in the Chinese translations of the English news headlines, translators’ priority is on producing translations suitable to target readers and censors' ideology, rather than linguistic equivalents. Therefore, translating ideology-loaded texts adds a new way to understand translation and ideological explorations in Translation Studies have great potentials.
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Lee, Leo Ou-fan. "Contemporary Chinese Literature in Translation—A Review Article." Journal of Asian Studies 44, no. 3 (May 1985): 561–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2056268.
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This article surveys the available English translations of contemporary Chinese literature from the People's Republic. In view of the post-Mao Party policy of relative freedom for creative writing, more works are pouring out of China than ever before. Of the most recent translations, the largest share belongs to Panda Books, a publishing subunit of the Foreign Languages Press in Beijing. Under the leadership of the Yangs (Xianyi and Gladys), a husband-and-wife team of great renown, this new Panda series has published more than a dozen titles as of 1984, and new ones continue to be received.Despite its voluminous production, the editors of the Panda series have made certain choices that are of dubious value. Especially weak is the representation of traditional literary works, which are often drastically abridged or collected in slender anthologies. In comparison, coverage of modern and contemporary works is more exciting. The translations are generally correct, the most felicitous from the hands of Gladys Yang. However, the translations suffer from a certain uniformity of style and sometimes from severe cuts. Volumes in the series are nevertheless a useful addition to the increasing library of English translations of contemporary Chinese literature, now more than adequate for an undergraduate course.
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Lu, Licheng. "Translating on Purpose: Domestication in English Translations of Chinese Publicity Materials." International Journal of Comparative Literature and Translation Studies 7, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijclts.v.7n.1p.10.
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English translations of Chinese publicity materials play an important role in introducing China to the outside world and in helping foreigners know more and better about the country. Since the implementation of the Reform and Opening-up Policy in China four decades ago, great progress has been recorded in translating Chinese publicity materials into English. However, poor translations still exist, such as those with linguistic errors, cultural inappropriateness, missing of information, inconsistency in the use of proper names, etc. These problematic translations exert a negative impact on China’s international image and the cross-cultural communication and exchange between China and the outside world. Under such circumstances, the present study proposes the application of domestication in translating Chinese publicity materials into English from the perspective of Skopos theory. Through illustrations with specific examples, three types of domestication are identified, namely, domestication of culturally-loaded words, domestication of syntactic structures and domestication of rhetorical devices.
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Chen, Yaru, and Wei Chen. "English translation of long Traditional Chinese Medicine terms." Terminology 24, no. 2 (November 26, 2018): 181–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.00018.che.
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Abstract Apart from the importance of accurate meaning transference, the key to English translation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) terms lies in the proper translation of term forms, in particular, of long term structures and length. This article reports on an empirical study of the English translation of long TCM terms by the following procedures: (1) collecting 1220 TCM terms and their English translations from dictionaries, journals and official websites related to TCM terminology translation; (2) segmenting and POS-tagging with ICTCLAS to obtain 823 long TCM terms with 3 or more Chinese words; (3) selecting 150 out of the 823 long TCM terms through random sampling; (4) POS-tagging the 150 English translations with CLAWS5; (5) basing on the parallel corpus and systematically discussing the structures, term length change, translation techniques and translation regularities generalized from the English translation of long TCM terms. The result shows nominalization, shift of some pre-modifiers into post-modifiers, and amplification of a predicate in the 9 kinds of structural features, and some translation techniques like literal translation, paraphrase, adaptation, amplification and simplification employed in the English translation of long TCM terms.
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Guangjun, Wu. "A relevance-theoretic account of the use of the discourse marker well in translation from Chinese into English." Translation and Interpreting Studies 12, no. 1 (April 10, 2017): 162–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.12.1.08gua.
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Abstract Discourse markers are a special category of words or expressions which have been shown to pose challenges during the translation process. This article adopts a relevance-theoretic perspective and, based on the two English translations of the Chinese play Leiyu (Thunderstorm), explores the use of the discourse marker well in translation from Chinese into English. The findings show that the discourse marker well in translation from Chinese into English is added in two scenarios: to intensify weaker forms of a similar Chinese discourse marker or as an addition when omitted in Chinese. Moreover, interlingual pragmatic enrichment will ensue and the English translations, in comparison with their Chinese originals, become more determinate. Based on this study, we can conclude that discourse markers are important pragmatic elements in translation from Chinese into English. Likewise, contrastive pragmatics is shown to be of potential in the process of translation.
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Qingxuan, Dai. "On the Translations of Nie Xiao Qian from the Perspective of Pragmatic Adaptation." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 3, no. 5 (May 31, 2020): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2020.3.5.16.
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Nie Xiao Qian, translated into THE MAGIC SWORD by Herbert Giles and THE MAGIC SWORD AND THE MAGIC BAG by John Minford, is one of the most famous stories in Liao Zhai Zhi Yi. Despite the fact that there are a lot of English translations for Liao Zhai Zhi Yi, few scholars have paid attention to Minford’s version and none of them have ever compared two translations from the perspective of pragmatic adaptation, more specifically, Chinese and English orientation differences. Therefore, this paper aims to introduce a new perspective for Liao Zhai Zhi Yi’s translation analysis to bridge the gap and figure out which one is more result oriented by comparing the translation of Herbert Giles and that of John Minford. Based on the theory of pragmatic adaptation, more specifically, the theory that Chinese is more process oriented and English is more result oriented, this paper analyzes some translated sentences of the two English versions, and as a result, finds that both English translations are more result oriented than its Chinese version while Herbert Giles’s version is more resulted-orientation.
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Bruno, Cosima. "The public life of contemporary Chinese poetry in English translation." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 24, no. 2 (December 31, 2012): 253–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.24.2.03bru.
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This essay is an exploration of some of the social and cultural factors that have played a role in the production, publication and reception of English translations of contemporary Chinese poetry, from the beginning of the 1980s to today. The aim is to link translations to the broader context, highlighting modalities and expectations of reception that have evolved within the social structures through which the translation of contemporary Chinese poetry has been circulating: the publishing industry, universities, the periodical press, public intellectual debates, and the market. The article does not try to establish if this or that expectation are either real or perceived features of the source texts. Nor does it deal with translators’ individual interpretations, their private readings. Instead, adopting a wider sociocultural approach, the analysis proposes to shed light on the industrial and commercial dimension—the public life—of contemporary Chinese poetry in English translation.
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Liu, Jinyu, Lan Wu, and Sarula Sarula. "A Comparative Study of The Story of the Stone in English and Mongolian Translations (Chapter One)." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 6, no. 10 (October 1, 2016): 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0610.19.
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The Story of the Stone written by Cao Xueqin was one of China’s Great Four Classical Novels. Many Redology researchers compared between the original text and English translations, but very few of them ever knew the Mongolian version, and compared it with the original Chinese texts and between English and Mongolian translations in new approach. This paper tends to investigate the unique features of Mongolian version. The comparison between the Mongolian and English versions is also conducted in the aspects of translating process, translations strategies and commentaries.
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Xiao, Richard. "Word clusters and reformulation markers in Chinese and English." Languages in Contrast 11, no. 2 (September 30, 2011): 145–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.11.2.01xia.
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This article presents a corpus-based contrastive study of word clusters and reformulation markers in Chinese and English, and discusses the implications of the findings for translation universal hypotheses. The study is based on three balanced comparable corpora which represent British English, native Chinese and translational Chinese in addition to an English-Chinese parallel corpus which provides a basis for comparing native and translated English and investigating explicitation in translation. Our results show that word clusters are substantially more common in translated Chinese, suggesting a tendency in translations to use fixed and semi-fixed recurring patterns in an attempt to achieve improved fluency. The more frequent use of word clusters, especially those of high frequency and high coverage in translational Chinese, is also likely to be a result of the influence of the English source language because word clusters are significantly more prevalent in native English in relation to native Chinese. Chinese and English tend to use reformulation markers of different styles while on the other hand, reformulation markers are generally more common in both translated English and translated Chinese than in their native counterparts, suggesting that reformulation markers function as a strategy for explicitation in translations, which tend to use oral, stylistically simpler forms than non-translated texts.
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Li, Jialei. "An aggregate approach to diachronic variation in modern Chinese writings and translations." Asian Languages and Linguistics 2, no. 1 (July 30, 2021): 110–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/alal.20039.li.
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Abstract Modern Chinese took the place of classical Chinese and has been the standard form of writing since the early 1920s. While several studies have been carried out on diachronic variation in modern written Chinese, these include few aggregate investigations. This study examines the diachronic variation in modern Chinese writings and translations from the 1900s to the 2000s. Frequencies of multiple linguistic features sensitive to historical change were drawn from a multi-genre comparable corpus, ‘DCMCWT’, containing five periods: 1900–1911, 1919–1930, 1931–1949, 1950–1966, and 1978–2012. Hierarchical agglomerative clustering was employed for periodisation, while multidimensional scaling supplemented the developmental path. The results suggest that Chinese writings and translations fall into three broad periods: 1900–1911, 1919–1966, and 1978–2012. Chinese translations follow a similar evolutionary path as the writings, and the gap between them, narrowed from 1900 to 2012. This developmental path corresponds to the socio-historical backgrounds in Chinese history and shares similarities and differences with the development of English. Diachronic variation in early modern Chinese mirrors that of English in that both languages developed to be more colloquial and interactive. However, early modern Chinese is different from English, as diglossia has played a crucial evolutionary role.
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Pan, Li. "Ideological positioning in news translation." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 27, no. 2 (June 8, 2015): 215–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.27.2.03pan.
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This article investigates the Chinese translations of several English news reports on China’s human rights issue carried in Reference News, a Chinese authoritative state-run newspaper devoted to translating foreign reports for the Chinese reader, and aims to establish how evaluative resources are resorted to by the translators to facilitate ideologically different positioning in presenting events and identifying participants in the translated news. The translations are compared with their English source texts using Appraisal Theory (Martin and White 2005) as the micro analytical framework and Fairclough’s (1995a, 1995b) three-dimension model of Critical Discourse Analysis as the explanatory framework.
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Zixian LIU, Lester. "Chinese Adversative Bèi Passive and Its English Translations in Literary Texts." Arab World English Journal For Translation and Literary Studies 2, no. 2 (May 15, 2018): 54–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awejtls/vol2no2.4.
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Dong, Dahui, and Mu-Li Yang. "The application of ergative verbs to avoid accusations in the translation of Chinese editorials into English." Lingua Posnaniensis 60, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/linpo-2018-0002.
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Abstract The use of ergative verbs results in the agent being backgrounded in an English sentence, and it is often used in the media together with other means such as the use of intransitive verbs, passives, and nominalized nouns to achieve the pragmatic purpose of accusation avoidance. A great deal of research has been done on the role of ergative verbs in media discourse in English as well as the acquisition of ergative verbs by learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). However, it remains unclear how EFL Chinese learners of advanced levels of competence, such as postgraduates of translation majors and professional translators, use ergative verbs when translating newspaper editorials from Chinese into English. Nor is it clear whether learners have acquired the requisite knowledge of ergative verbs in order to use them effectively so as to avoid blaming the agent of an action or process in translation. This study recruited 30 native Chinese-speaking translators who fell into three categories: undergraduate translators, graduate translators, and professional translators. A small parallel translation corpus was built, which consisted of 150 English translations of 5 Chinese editorials produced by the translators. Accusation-avoidance expressions in the source text and their translations were then extracted and input into an SPSS spreadsheet. The results show that the use of ergative verbs in translations by undergraduate translators is significantly higher than in translations by graduate and professional translators in terms of quantity. The results of the study may be useful for translation teaching and learning.
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Jia, Simo. "A Contrastive Study of Anaphora in English and Chinese." Journal of Educational Theory and Management 4, no. 1 (May 20, 2020): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.26549/jetm.v4i1.3248.
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Recently, there has been growing interest in the study on cohesion of texts, particularly in the aspect of anaphoric reference. The problem under discussion is within the scope of similar and different usages of anaphors in English and Chinese. Although much work has been done, more studies need to be conducted to ascertain the convincingness of the theories. This essay will demonstrate language materials in real situation in English text and its Chinese translations to prove, explain and enrich the theories about the distinction of English and Chinese anaphora. The thesis for this essay is the contrastive study of anaphora between English and Chinese texts that is the dissimilarities of anaphora in these two language texts and discuss the reasons that caused these differences. And for arguments, four cases of Han’s Andersen’s fairy tales and their Chinese translations and one example from New Oxford Dictionary are selected for the purpose. For methodology, quality analysis is employed. But in general, it is to compare and to contrast in the light of Halliday’s theory on cohesion. The way adopted is to compare broad wise, which means to list similarities and dissimilarities of things needed to be contrast -- anaphora in English and Chinese texts, and then conducts further analysis on them with the theoretical framework. In aspect of detailed analysis, the author adopts the way of illustration, combining language phenomenon listed above with arguments.
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Jia, Yu. "A Study of Chinese-English Translation of Tourism Signs from the Perspectives of Skopos Theory." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 10, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1004.16.
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With the continuous improvement of China’s overall national strength and the constant improvement of infrastructure, the national charm continues to increase. More and more foreign friends have been attracted to travel to China. The translations of public signs in scenic spots are of great importance for foreign visitors because of the language barrier and cultural difference existing between China and foreign countries. These translations should convey information accurately, providing the function of bringing convenience to visitors and spreading Chinese culture. However, in reality, there exist various problems among the translations of public signs in scenic spots, which will definitely make foreign visitors feel puzzled. So it is of great urgency to make the translation more standard. This study takes public signs of various scenic spots as the research material to explore the translation of the public signs of tourist attractions from the perspective of Skopos theory. This essay summarizes the errors and mistakes in the examples. By comparing and analyzing the unqualified translations in the examples and their polished versions, some specific translation strategies are proposed and explained in detail to provide useful guidance for the translation.
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Tsz, Wong. "Decoding the Translations of Political Terms in the Nineteenth-Century Chinese–English Dictionaries – Lobscheid and his Chinese–English Dictionary." Comparative Literature: East & West 1, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): 204–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/25723618.2017.1387975.
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Yang, Yiying. "On Translation of Cultural Images in Chang Hen Ge from the Perspective of Reception Theory." Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics 42, no. 4 (November 26, 2019): 527–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cjal-2019-0031.
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Abstract Based on concepts of horizon of expectation and indeterminacy in reception theory, this paper reports a comparative analysis of Chang Hen Ge, a narrative poem written by Chinese poet Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty, and its English translations by William John Bainbrigge Fletcher, Herbert Allen Giles, Xu Yuanchong as well as Yang Hsien-yi and Gladys Yang. Results are as follows: 1) Xu’s translation is the best in that he adds annotations and combines literal and free translations so as to explicate cultural connotations and underlying implications of images while meeting and broadening target readers’ horizon of expectation. In addition, he tries to replicate figurative characteristics and transform rhetorical techniques of original cultural images to retain the source text’s indeterminacy and aesthetic value and to provide target readers with intense aesthetic experience. 2) There are inappropriate and inaccurate translations of cultural images in all the four English translations, and they are caused by differences in ethnic history, religious belief, mode of thinking, features of English and Chinese as well as the subjectivity of translators.
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Fan, Shouyi. "Translation of English Fiction and Drama in Modern China: Social Context, Literary Trends, and Impact." Meta 44, no. 1 (October 2, 2002): 154–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/002717ar.
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Abstract This article, which is organized along a chronological-thematic framework, will briefly review the early days of translating American and British fiction and drama into Chinese, the social context in which these translations were done, the literary ideas which have affected the work of Chinese writers, and the social impact that translated works of literature and literary theory have had in various periods of literature. The bottom line is that the literary works introduced to China to date represent only the tip of the iceberg. We need more quality translations for Chinese readers and more qualified and experienced translators to complete the job.
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Jiang, Nan, Man Li, and Taomei Guo. "A tale of two frequency effects: Toward a verification model of L2 word recognition." Applied Psycholinguistics 41, no. 1 (November 25, 2019): 215–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716419000481.
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AbstractThis study examined the activation of first language (L1) translations in second language (L2) word recognition in a lexical decision task. Test materials included English words that differed in the frequency of their Chinese translations or in their surface lexical frequency while other lexical properties were controlled. Chinese speakers of English as a second language of different proficiencies and native speakers of English were tested. Native speakers produced a reliable lexical frequency effect but no translation frequency effect. English as a second language speakers of lower English proficiency showed both a translation frequency effect and a lexical frequency effect, but those of higher English proficiency showed a lexical frequency effect only. The results were discussed in a verification model of L2 word recognition. According to the model, L2 word recognition entails a checking procedure in which activated L2 words are checked against their L1 translations. The two frequency effects are seen to have two different loci. The lexical frequency effect is associated with the initial activation of L2 lemmas, and the translation frequency effect arises in the verification process. Existing evidence for verification in L2 word recognition and new issues this model raises are discussed.
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Pang, Shuangzi, and Kefei Wang. "Language contact through translation." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 32, no. 3 (May 21, 2020): 420–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.19001.pan.
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Abstract This article investigates the role of translations from English in language change in Chinese. It employs a new corpus, the Chinese Diachronic Composite Corpus (CDCC), which incorporates a parallel corpus and comparable corpus in three sampling periods in the twentieth century, and a reference corpus as a starting point in the timeframe. We examine whether explicitness in English–Chinese translations has exerted an impact on the target language, focusing on adversative conjunctions as a measure of explicitness. The results of the study demonstrate that: (1) translated Chinese texts have changed in step with original Chinese texts in the frequency of adversative conjunctions; (2) translated Chinese texts and original Chinese texts are interrelated throughout the three periods, but the correlation between them has changed perceptibly over the three sample points; and (3) source language interference found in translated Chinese texts increases over the three periods.
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Defen, Zhu. "A Study of the English Translations of “Shen Si” in Wen Xin Diao Long." International Journal of Comparative Literature and Translation Studies 5, no. 2 (April 30, 2017): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijclts.v.5n.2p.54.
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This research aims at finding out how we can benefit from comparing Chinese and Western poetics when translating texts of traditional Chinese literary theories into English. We will try to find out, from the perspectives of comparative poetics, the difficulties and solutions in translating traditional Chinese literary theories into English. We will also see how comparative poetics would affect the translating strategies and the readers’ understanding of the translated texts. The paper starts with a comparison and analysis of the four English translations of the “Shen Si” (《神思》) chapter in WXDL. The comparisons and analyses expose problems in translating traditional Chinese literary theories into English, but it also gives us some insights. We find that some characteristics of the text, such as the critical terms, the figurative use of language, and the numerous quotes and illusions, impose lots of challenges to the translating. We also find that a comparative study of Chinese and Western poetics in many ways is helpful to the translation of the texts of traditional Chinese literary theories.
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Eloise James, Olivia, Joyce Tan Yi Sean, and Mansour Amini. "Translation Strategies in the Chinese and Indonesian Translations of English Christmas Carols." Journal of Social Sciences Research, SPI6 (January 30, 2019): 1097–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.1097.1104.
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This paper analyzed the translations of three English Christmas carols of Silent Night, Away In A Manger, and The First Noel, as the most popular carols that have been translated into many languages, adopted from the hymnal book by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The English versions were compared with their Chinese and Indonesian translations. The analysis was performed by classifying the stanzas individually based on Guerra (2012) fifteen translation strategies. Identification of equivalence as the most common strategy in the Chinese translation could be because of numerous “unnatural” English expressions in Chinese language and culture, whereas for the Indonesian translation, omission was the most common strategy, which helped to retain completeness, or the overall meaning of the stanzas, or completeness. Omission was also used to leave out redundant or insensible information throughout the translated carols in both languages and contributed to successful maintenance the original rhythm and rhyme in the translation of the three carols. Findings of this study could be further validated by analysing more Christmas carols in Chinese and Indonesian Languages, and other languages. Researchers could also look precisely into the cultural elements that could potentially affect this type of translation.
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Jiang, Jinlin, Lihua Jiang, and Xiaofei Lu. "Automated Scoring of Students’ English-to-Chinese Translations of Three Text Types." Journal of Quantitative Linguistics 25, no. 3 (September 11, 2017): 238–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09296174.2017.1370192.
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Wu, Kan. "Reception of Jin Yong’s Wuxia Novels in English and French: A Sentiment Analysis with Reflection." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 4, no. 3 (March 30, 2021): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2021.4.3.13.
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This research investigates the reception of English and French translations of Jin Yong’s Wuxia novels through sentiment analysis --- a text mining technique which helps uncover readers’ opinions of these translated literary works from their online reviews. The findings show that almost all of the published English/French versions of Jin Yong’s Wuxia novels are well received by readers in both languages in terms of fictional details like “character”, “plot” and “narratives”, despite there are some minor complains. These findings lead us to reflect on the current literary position of Wuxia translations in the English and French-speaking countries, where translated Wuxia works positioning as “Chinese literary classics” may partly help facilitate further reception of this type of traditional Chinese literature in the West.
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Schlüter, Lucy, and Pierre Vinken. "Nogmaals Pieter Bruegels Nestrover." Oud Holland - Quarterly for Dutch Art History 113, no. 4 (1999): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187501799x00337.
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AbstractIn The Bird Nester Bruegel combines two proverbs whose respective English translations are: 'He who knows where the nest is, knows it; he who robs it, has it' and 'He who falls from the edge of the ditch into it', which also call transiency and death to mind. The composition of the painting and the symbolic significance of all the carefully chosen elements are bound to have reminded the educated contemporary beholder of the inevitability of death. Every detail in the picture conveys the same message. No more conclusive explanation than that of a memento mori has ever been offered for this mysterious painting.
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Cui, Ying. "The presentation of brand personality in English-Chinese brand name translation." International Journal of Market Research 61, no. 1 (May 16, 2018): 33–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470785318775358.
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The brand name is an important asset of a business, for consumers rely on brand names to identify goods for purchase. English-Chinese brand name translation is of significance as it influences how a brand is received in China, which has become one of the largest consumer markets in the world. Brand names often cause consumers’ emotional response to enhance their memory, establish positive images about the brands, and serve the purpose of promotion. This paper discusses the issue of emotional involvement in English-Chinese brand name translation via discourse analysis and exploration of the presentation of brand personality in translation. The causes for and types of emotional involvement are investigated with reference to studies on brand personality which can invoke consumers’ emotional response and play a key role in enhancing consumers’ loyalty to and trust of a brand, and a revised framework of brand personality for Chinese brand name translations is provided on the basis of current research on English and Chinese brand personality, as well as analysis and classification of the brands in our corpus. The examples in our corpus are analyzed according to this framework, and the features of emotional involvement in the Chinese translations are summarized and discussed.