Academic literature on the topic 'Pruning trees'

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Journal articles on the topic "Pruning trees"

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Cady, Jo Ann, and Pamela J. Wells. "Pruning Trees." Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School 21, no. 4 (November 2015): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mathteacmiddscho.21.4.0196.

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Cady, Jo Ann, and Pamela J. Wells. "Pruning Trees." Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School 22, no. 1 (August 2016): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mathteacmiddscho.22.1.0006.

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Kerr, Gary, and Geoff Morgan. "Does formative pruning improve the form of broadleaved trees?" Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x05-213.

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Formative pruning is the pruning of young trees before canopy closure to encourage the development of a single straight stem at least 6 m in height. The use of formative pruning has been widely recommended; however, this guidance lacks a scientific basis. The experiments described here examined the effects of four levels of formative pruning on precanopy closure stands of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.), cherry (Prunus avium L.), European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), and English oak (Quercus robur L.). For the faster growing ash and cherry, two prunings were applied over a 3-year period; for the slower growing oak and beech, there were four prunings over 4–6 years. Form and growth were assessed for up to 9 years after the last pruning treatment. A moderate intensity of formative pruning that removed forks and large branches showed some potential to improve the form of oak and beech. However, there were no form improvements for any level of formative pruning applied to ash or cherry. Attempting to produce the quality of timber required by management objectives by minimizing the number of trees planted and applying formative pruning is risky and likely to fail. A more secure way of obtaining quality improvement is to use traditional pruning after a period of canopy closure.
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KOVCHEGOV, YEVGENIY, and ILYA ZALIAPIN. "HORTON LAW IN SELF-SIMILAR TREES." Fractals 24, no. 02 (June 2016): 1650017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x16500171.

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Self-similarity of random trees is related to the operation of pruning. Pruning [Formula: see text] cuts the leaves and their parental edges and removes the resulting chains of degree-two nodes from a finite tree. A Horton–Strahler order of a vertex [Formula: see text] and its parental edge is defined as the minimal number of prunings necessary to eliminate the subtree rooted at [Formula: see text]. A branch is a group of neighboring vertices and edges of the same order. The Horton numbers [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are defined as the expected number of branches of order [Formula: see text], and the expected number of order-[Formula: see text] branches that merged order-[Formula: see text] branches, [Formula: see text], respectively, in a finite tree of order [Formula: see text]. The Tokunaga coefficients are defined as [Formula: see text]. The pruning decreases the orders of tree vertices by unity. A rooted full binary tree is said to be mean-self-similar if its Tokunaga coefficients are invariant with respect to pruning: [Formula: see text]. We show that for self-similar trees, the condition [Formula: see text] is necessary and sufficient for the existence of the strong Horton law: [Formula: see text], as [Formula: see text] for some [Formula: see text] and every [Formula: see text]. This work is a step toward providing rigorous foundations for the Horton law that, being omnipresent in natural branching systems, has escaped so far a formal explanation.
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Wood, Bruce W., Jerry A. Payne, and Owen Jones. "Transplanting Bearing Pecan Trees." HortScience 25, no. 8 (August 1990): 916–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.8.916.

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Overcrowding in young high-density pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch] orchards has prompted a study of tree transplanting and evaluation of survival and tree performance. Shoot growth and nut production characteristics of 13-year-old `Stuart' and `Farley' pecan trees subjected to different stubbing and pruning treatments and then transplanted with a large tree spade indicated that transplants can survive with little or no pruning if moved when dormant. Shoot regrowth was proportional to the degree of pruning, and nut production was inversely proportional to the degree of pruning.
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Ikinci, Ali. "Influence of Pre- and Postharvest Summer Pruning on the Growth, Yield, Fruit Quality, and Carbohydrate Content of Early Season Peach Cultivars." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/104865.

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Winter and summer pruning are widely applied processes in all fruit trees, including in peach orchard management. This study was conducted to determine the effects of summer prunings (SP), as compared to winter pruning (WP), on shoot length, shoot diameter, trunk cross sectional area (TCSA) increment, fruit yield, fruit quality, and carbohydrate content of two early ripening peach cultivars (“Early Red” and “Maycrest”) of six years of age, grown in semiarid climate conditions, in 2008 to 2010. The trees were grafted on GF 677 rootstocks, trained with a central leader system, and spaced 5 × 5 m apart. The SP carried out after harvesting in July and August decreased the shoot length significantly; however, it increased its diameter. Compared to 2009, this effect was more marked in year 2010. In general, control and winter pruned trees of both cultivars had the highest TCSA increment and yield efficiency. The SP increased the average fruit weight and soluble solids contents (SSC) more than both control and WP. The titratable acidity showed no consistent response to pruning time. The carbohydrate accumulation in shoot was higher in WP and in control than in SP trees. SP significantly affected carbohydrate accumulation; postharvest pruning showed higher carbohydrate content than preharvest pruning.
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O'Hara, Kevin L., and Narayanan I. Valappil. "Epicormic sprouting of pruned western larch." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30, no. 2 (February 15, 2000): 324–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x99-200.

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Western larch (Larix occidentalis Nutt.) trees in western Montana, U.S.A., were monitored for 6 years following pruning to assess incidence of epicormic sprouting. Trees were pruned to either 2.4 or 5.5 m. Epicormic sprouts were more prevalent in smaller diameter trees and in trees pruned to shorter live crown lengths than larger or longer crowned trees. Number of sprouts declined since pruning, but over 30% of trees still had epicormic sprouts 6 years after pruning. Sprouts that did not extend from the bole were prone to becoming dormant or dying over time. Extended sprouts were more persistent and will probably form wood-quality defects that remain outside the defect core. Pruning of western larch may still be successful for enhancing clearwood production if trees are pruned to retain at least a 50% live crown ratio and if pruning is delayed until trees reach about 16 cm diameter at breast height for a short pruning lift (2.4 m) or 22 cm for a higher pruning lift (5.5 m).
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Connell, Joseph H., Warren Micke, James Yeager, Janine Hasey, Bill Krueger, and Craig Weakley. "TRAINING PERMANENT AND TEMPORARY TREES." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1169c—1169. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1169c.

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High orchard establishment costs require greater production early in an orchard's life. Our goal was to develop temporary trees at the least cost with the best early production. Health and longevity of permanent trees is essential. Six pruning treatments were evaluated in five-tree plots using a randomized complete block design. Each treatment was replicated four times on the `Butte' and `Mission' almond cultivars. After six years, temporary trees receiving the least pruning had the highest yields. Permanent trees had lower yields since more pruning was done in the second through fourth dormant seasons to develop branch framework for the long term. `Butte' and `Mission' responses to treatment varied due to varietal growth habits. Effects on tree development and the need for later corrective pruning were noted. After four harvests, yields were greater with less pruning.
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Salami, Olusola, and Oluuolc Osonuhi. "Growth and yield of maize and cassava cultivars as affected by mycorrhizal inoculation and alley cropping regime." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 51, no. 2 (2006): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas0602123s.

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Effect of myeorrhizal inoculation and two pruning regimes in experimental alley cropping treatments on the leaf biomass and nutrient yield of sole and mixed Gliricidica septum (a Modulating plant) ami Senna siamea (a non-nodulating plant) were investigated both in the greenhouse and in the field. The impact of the mixtures of these legumes as hedgerows on maize and one cultivar of cassava was also studied on the Held. Gliricidia sepiuni prunnings were found to have high nutrient yields, notably 358.4 kg ha-1 of N and 14.7 kg ha-1 of P as well as fast decomposition and nutrient release. In both Giricidia and Senna. there was similar leaf dry matter values in sole and mixed inoculated or non-inoculated trees for either of the pruning regime and for most of the pruning harvests, although significant differences occurred between inoculated and non-inoculated mixed or sole trees. There was no difference between the total leaf dry matter of the two- and three-month pruning regimes in G. sepium. However, in contrast to G. sepium, the total leaf dry matter of the two-month pruning regime of iS'. sianica was lower than its three-month pruning regime, except for sole non-inoculated trees. Generally, inoculation and mixing of trees in the same hedgerows significantly increased the total N and P yield in G. sepium and S. siantea with greater values in the former than the latter. In G. sephium and except for mixed inoculated trees, while total N yield in the leaf was higher in three-monthly primed than two-monthly pruned trees, the converse was the case for P. For S. siamea the total N and P yield were higher in three-monthly than two-monthly pruned trees. Myeorrhizal inoculations consistently increased the yield of the cassava root tuber and maize grain over their non-inoculated counterparts.
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Marini, Richard. "SPUR PRUNING `DELICIOUS' APPLE TREES." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1102c—1102. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1102c.

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Twenty-eight-year-old `Starkrimson Delicious' trees were spur pruned in 1986 and 1987 and/or treated with BA + GA4+7 in 1986 in an attempt to improve spur growth and fruit weight. Yield, fruit weight, and spur quality characters were recorded for 1986-1989. All treatment combinations failed to improve yield or fruit weight. Although spur-pruning improved spur length, spur bud diameter, leaf area per spur and leaf dry weight per spur, fruit weight was not improved. BA + GA4+7 reduced yield and fruit weight, and increased the number of pygmy fruit in 1986, but had little effect on fruiting for the three years after treatment.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pruning trees"

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Davison, Elizabeth. "Pruning Deciduous Shade Trees." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144756.

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Trees in the wild are never pruned, yet they often have long healthy lives. In a natural setting, their branches develop a balance and form typical of the species. It is when trees are brought into an urban situation that correct pruning becomes so important. Pruning is both a skill and an art. This publication discusses how to prune trees properly. Topics include what and when to prune, equipment and technique, training the young tree and pruning the older tree.
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Davison, Elisabeth, and Tom DeGomez. "Pruning Deciduous Shade Trees." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/560971.

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Revised; Originally published:1999
6 pp.
The pruning principles discussed in this publication have proven to provide the best possible out comes including tree longevity and safety. Although trees may live for years following improper pruning their life span and safety may be severely reduced. We encourage proper pruning so that the trees we care for may bring us pleasure for many years.
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Kilby, Michael, and Richard Gibson. "Rejuvenation of mature pecan trees by pruning." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/222517.

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Neglected mature 'Wichita' pecan trees were rejuvenated using various pruning techniques in 1997. Trees were pruned using proven horticultural techniques which included dehorning (cutting main scaffolds to within 2 feet of trunk) and cutting main scaffolds by 50%. To date the treatments have resulted in an increase in yield when compared to trees that received no pruning. In 1999 the grower has developed an orchard management program conducive to maximum production.
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DeGomez, Tom. "Training and Pruning Newly Planted Decidous Fruit Trees." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/559564.

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Training and pruning newly-planted deciduous fruit trees is one of the most important steps in developing trees with a strong framework (scaffold branches). Trees with a good framework of branches can support heavy crops without limb breakage and will help to bring the young tree into production at an early age. Selection and arrangement of these branches determines the type of development and growth in later years. The goal of pruning and training is to balance vegetative and fruiting wood growth.
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Schupp, James Rawlinson. "Physiological responses of apple trees to root pruning /." The Ohio State University, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487590702990348.

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Al, zalzaleh Hani Abdulkariem S. H. "Effects of root modification and container types on landscape trees." Thesis, University of Reading, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301913.

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Gibson, Richard, and Michael Kilby. "Rejuvenation of Neglected, Mature "Wichita" Pecan Trees By Corrective Pruning." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/226098.

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An attempt was made in 1997 to rejuvenate neglected, mature 'Wichita' pecan trees in a commercial Pinal County grove by applying two types of heading back pruning cuts. The treatments were applied during the dormant season prior to the growing season. The trees were pruned using proven horticultural techniques which included dehorning (cutting main scaffolds to within 2 feet of the trunk) and cutting main scaffolds by 50%. After four years of data, the trees receiving no pruning treatments are producing as well or better than trees to which the pruning treatments were applied. The data suggests that a return to normal irrigation and fertilization practices alone will return neglected, water-stressed trees to normal productivity as early as trees that have been headed-back.
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Pavlis, Michael William. "The Effects of Pruning on Wind Resistance of Shade Trees." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43916.

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Three tree species, Freeman maple (Acer x. freemanii), swamp white oak (Quercus bicolor (Willd.)) and shingle oak (Quercus imbricaria (Michx.)) were tested before and after pruning to determine the effectiveness of pruning on reducing drag and bending moment. Pruning methods were thin, reduce and raise and meet the requirements set by the American National Standard Institute A300 standards for Tree Care Operations Trees, Shrub, and Other Woody Plant Maintenance - Standard Practices (Pruning). Trees were tested up to speeds of 22.4m*s-1 over 1.6km by driving them in the bed of a truck. Drag, based on a centroid of the crown, and a bending moment was calculated. Drag and bending moment were also normalized by tree mass and crown area. Reduction pruning worked more effectively for Freeman maple and raise pruning for swamp white oak at reducing drag. Simple to measure tree characteristics were analyzed to determine the best predictors of drag and bending moment in the field. Tree mass frequently was the best predictor of drag and bending moment. Information should be used with caution due to the fact that the trees tested were small stature and a limited number of trees were tested.
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Schupp, James R. "The influence of time of root pruning on vegetative and reproductive growth of apple (Malus X domestica Borkh.)." Connect to resource, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1133548904.

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Jenniges, Stephanie M. "Factors affecting self-pruning in Northern Red Oak : (Quercus rubra L.) /." Link to full text, 2006. http://epapers.uwsp.edu/thesis/2006/jenniges.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Pruning trees"

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Maleike, Raymond Robert. Pruning landscape trees. 2nd ed. [Pullman, WA]: Washington State University Cooperative Extension, 2000.

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H, Thomas H. Pruning fruit trees. London: Cassell, 1997.

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Garden, Brooklyn Botanic, ed. Pruning trees, shrubs & vines. Brooklyn, NY: Brooklyn Botanic Garden, 2003.

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Ontario. Ministry of Agriculture and Food. Rules For Pruning Fruit Trees. S.l: s.n, 1990.

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Tehrani, G. Training and pruning fruit trees. Toronto, Ont: Ministry of Agriculture and Food, 1988.

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Somerville, Warren. Pruning and training fruit trees. [Victoria?, Australia]: Inkata Press, 1996.

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Bedker, Peter John. How to prune trees. [Radnor, PA]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Area, State & Private Forestry, 1995.

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F, Gilman Edward, ed. An illustrated guide to pruning. 2nd ed. Albany, N.Y: Delmar Thomson Learning, 2002.

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An illustrated guide to pruning. 3rd ed. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar, 2012.

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Capel, J. A. A guide to tree pruning. [Romsey]: Arboricultural Association, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pruning trees"

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Feelders, Ad, and Martijn Pardoel. "Pruning for Monotone Classification Trees." In Advances in Intelligent Data Analysis V, 1–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45231-7_1.

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Alsolami, Fawaz, Mohammad Azad, Igor Chikalov, and Mikhail Moshkov. "Multi-pruning and Restricted Multi-pruning of Decision Trees." In Decision and Inhibitory Trees and Rules for Decision Tables with Many-valued Decisions, 153–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12854-8_10.

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Knoll, Ulrich, Gholamreza Nakhaeizadeh, and Birgit Tausend. "Cost-sensitive pruning of decision trees." In Machine Learning: ECML-94, 383–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57868-4_79.

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Torgo, Luís. "Error estimators for pruning regression trees." In Machine Learning: ECML-98, 125–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0026681.

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Bradford, Jeffrey P., Clayton Kunz, Ron Kohavi, Cliff Brunk, and Carla E. Brodley. "Pruning decision trees with misclassification costs." In Machine Learning: ECML-98, 131–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0026682.

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Long, Lynn E., Gregory A. Lang, and Clive Kaiser. "Sweet cherry pruning fundamentals." In Sweet cherries, 165–89. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781786398284.0165.

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Abstract This chapter focuses on the fundamentals of pruning sweet cherry orchards. The fundamentals of training and pruning contemporary sweet cherry orchards usually incorporate plant materials or techniques that promote: early fruiting for a more rapid return on investment; optimization of light interception and distribution, with minimal intra-canopy shading; greater precision in, and/or simplification of, canopy development for balancing yields with fruit size and quality, as well as ease of teaching to less experienced labor forces; and systematic processes for annual renewal of fruiting wood to maintain consistent yields of high fruit quality as trees age.
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Kubat, Miroslav, and Doris Flotzinger. "Pruning multivariate decision trees by hyperplane merging." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 190–99. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-59286-5_58.

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Nie, Zhi, Binbin Lin, Shuai Huang, Naren Ramakrishnan, Wei Fan, and Jieping Ye. "Pruning Decision Trees via Max-Heap Projection." In Proceedings of the 2017 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining, 10–18. Philadelphia, PA: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611974973.2.

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Mika, A. "Physiological Responses of Fruit Trees to Pruning." In Horticultural Reviews, 337–78. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118060810.ch9.

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Marini, Richard P., and John A. Burden. "Summer Pruning of Apple and Peach Trees." In Horticultural Reviews, 351–75. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118060827.ch9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pruning trees"

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Jamil, Hasan M. "Pruning Forests to Find the Trees." In SSDBM '16: Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2949689.2949697.

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Azad, Mohammad, Igor Chikalov, Mikhail Moshkov, and Shahid Hussain. "Restricted multi-pruning of decision trees." In Conference on Data Science and Knowledge Engineering for Sensing Decision Support (FLINS 2018). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813273238_0049.

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Chang, Yeim-Kuan, and Hsin-Mao Chen. "Set Pruning Segment Trees for Packet Classification." In 2011 IEEE 25th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aina.2011.69.

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Jin-Mao Wei, Shu-Qin Wang, Gang Yu, Li Gu, Guo-Ying Wang, and Xiao-Jie Yuan. "A novel method for pruning decision trees." In 2009 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (ICMLC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2009.5212475.

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Hackl, Benjamin, Sara Kropf, and Helmut Prodinger. "Iterative Cutting and Pruning of Planar Trees." In 2017 Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Analytic Algorithmics and Combinatorics (ANALCO). Philadelphia, PA: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611974775.6.

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Bikram Adhikari and Manoj Karkee. "3D Reconstruction of Apple Trees for Mechanical Pruning." In 2011 Louisville, Kentucky, August 7 - August 10, 2011. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.38139.

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Ma, Jin, Weiqiang Wang, Ke Lu, and Jianshe Zhou. "Scene text detection based on pruning strategy of MSER-trees and Linkage-trees." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icme.2017.8019440.

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Chang Liu, Hui Wang, Sally McClean, Jun Liu, and Shengli Wu. "Pruning dependency trees in a syntactic information retrieval model." In 2008 International Conference on Audio, Language and Image Processing (ICALIP). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icalip.2008.4590035.

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Ribeiro, Mariana V., Heloisa A. Camargo, and Marcos E. Cintra. "A comparative analysis of pruning strategies for fuzzy decision trees." In 2013 Joint IFSA World Congress and NAFIPS Annual Meeting (IFSA/NAFIPS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ifsa-nafips.2013.6608487.

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Azad, Mohammad, Igor Chikalov, Shahid Hussain, and Mikhail Moshkov. "Multi-pruning of decision trees for knowledge representation and classification." In 2015 3rd IAPR Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition (ACPR). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acpr.2015.7486574.

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Reports on the topic "Pruning trees"

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Goldfeather, Jack, Steven Molnar, Greg Turk, and Henry Fuchs. Near Real-Time CSG (Constructive Solid Geometry) Rendering Using Tree Normalization and Geometric Pruning. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada201085.

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Copes, D. L. Effects of leader topping and branch pruning on efficiency of Douglas-fir cone harvesting with a tree shaker. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rn-431.

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Pruning Dwarf Fruit and Nut Trees. Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21636/nfmc.nccrahs.youthwork.pruningfruittrees.g.2018.

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