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Journal articles on the topic 'Pseudo-ternary phase diagram'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Yang, Hui Min, Liang Shun Luo, Mei Hui Song, Hai Qun Qi, Chun Yan Wang, and Chuang Yang. "Calculation of Aluminum Equivalent Based on Thermo-Calc Software in Ti-Al-Nb Ternary System." Materials Science Forum 788 (April 2014): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.788.144.

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Ti-Al-Nb ternary phase diagrams were calculated by Thermo-Calc software. The analysis of the calculated vertical sections of Ti-Al-Nb phase diagram indicated that when Nb content is fixed at 5at.% and Al content is lower than 52.3at.%, the primary phase would be β phase during solidification. With 10 at.%Nb and Al content lower than 55.8at.%, or with 15 at.%Nb and Al content lower than 56.9at.%, the primary phase would be β phase. The vertical sections of Ti-Al-Nb ternary phase diagram were further simplified into pseudo-Ti-Al binary phase diagram. According to the pseudo-Ti-Al diagram, the ex

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2

Liu, Chengjun, Xiaoxiang Xie, Jiyu Qiu, Wenjie Li, and Guojie Huo. "The Phase Diagram of a CaO-Al2O3-VOx Slag System under Argon Atmosphere at 1500 °C." Metals 14, no. 1 (2024): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met14010108.

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The thermodynamic properties of the CaO-Al2O3-VOx slag system are of great significance to the direct alloying of vanadium in the smelting process of vanadium steel. In this paper, the phase equilibrium relationship of the CaO-Al2O3-VOx system under argon atmosphere at 1500 °C was studied with a high-temperature phase equilibrium experiment. Combined with SEM-EDS, XRD, and XPS, the types and compositions of each phase of the equilibrium slag samples and the content of different valence states of the vanadium element were determined. The result shows that under argon atmosphere (p(O2) = 10−3 at

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3

Gojayeva, I. M., V. I. Babanly, A. I. Aghazade, and E. N. Orujlu. "EXPERIMENTAL REINVESTIGATION OF THE PbTe–Bi2Te3 PSEUDO-BINARY SYSTEM." Azerbaijan Chemical Journal, no. 2 (June 2, 2022): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32737/0005-2531-2022-2-47-53.

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A newly refined version of the phase diagram of the PbTe–Bi2Te3 pseudo-binary system was construc-ted using differential thermal analysis (DTA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. It was established that the system forms three tetradymite-type layered ternary compounds, namely PbBi2Te4, PbBi4Te7, and PbBi6Te10, and all these phases melt with peritectic decomposition. However, earlier reported Pb3Bi4Te9, Pb2Bi6Te11, and PbBi8Te13 compounds were not confirmed in our XRD studies. The existence of homogeneity areas based on all ternary compounds and the starting phases PbTe and Bi2Te3 was dete

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4

Vadapalli, Ratna Sree, and Sunitha Reddy, M. "Formulation and Evaluation of Self-Micro Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SMEDDS) of Ticagrelor." Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 8, no. 11 (2022): 628–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2022.v08i11.001.

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The present work mainly emphasized on the enhancement of solubility of Ticagrelor by developing Self- Micro emulsifying drug delivery system. Ticagrelor is a BCS class IV drug with poor aqueous solubility and permeability. The saturated solubility of Ticagrelor in various oils, surfactants and co-surfactants was determined by using UV-spectroscopy. The excipients were selected based on their maximum solubility and compatibility for Ticagrelor. SMEDDS formulations od Ticagrelor were developed using different oils, surfactants and co-surfactant combinations (4:1 and 3:1). Pseudo ternary phase di

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5

Liao, Jinfa, Gele Qing, and Baojun Zhao. "Phase Equilibrium Studies in the CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–MgO System with MgO/CaO Ratio of 0.2." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B 54, no. 2 (2023): 793–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-023-02726-3.

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AbstractWith the raw materials for ironmaking are becoming increasingly complex, more accurate control of blast furnace operation is essential to reduce the energy cost and CO2 emission. CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–MgO is a basic system of ironmaking slag in which CaO and MgO are mainly come from the flux, SiO2 and Al2O3 are mainly from the raw materials. Effect of raw material composition on phase equilibrium of the slag can be described by a pseudo-ternary system (CaO + MgO)–SiO2–Al2O3 at a fixed MgO/CaO ratio of 0.2. High-temperature experiments have been carried out in this system, and the quenched sam

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6

Chen, Rong, Genhua Wu, and Qiyun Zhang. "Phase diagram of pseudo-ternary system KAlF4–K3AlF6–KBe2F5." Thermochimica Acta 376, no. 2 (2001): 183–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-6031(01)00583-4.

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7

Kim, Rae, Dong-Jin Jang, Yu Kim, et al. "Flurbiprofen-Loaded Solid SNEDDS Preconcentrate for the Enhanced Solubility, In-Vitro Dissolution and Bioavailability in Rats." Pharmaceutics 10, no. 4 (2018): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics10040247.

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The aim of this work was to prepare and optimize a solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system pre-concentrate (SSP) containing water-insoluble flurbiprofen (FL) using a novel pseudo-ternary phase diagram. The pseudo-ternary phase diagram, composed of FL as the drug and dispersion core, Kollisolv MCT 70 as the oil phase, and TPGS (tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate) as the surfactant, was constructed for the determination of the SSP region. SSP was investigated in terms of particle size, physical state by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD

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8

Mihailescu, Florentina Cristina, Marieta Balcan, Monica Elisabeta Maxim, and Dan Florin Anghel. "Combustible Microemulsions with Diesel and Diesel Admixed with Rapeseed Oil." Revista de Chimie 70, no. 9 (2019): 3163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.9.7508.

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Novel results on combustible microemulsions prepared with diesel (D), blends of diesel and rapeseed oil (RSO), and mixtures of eco-friendly amphiphiles are presented. Water solubilization in oil/amphiphile systems was estimated by pseudo-ternary diagrams whereas the phase behavior by Winsor (W) diagrams. The extent of single-phase microemulsion (SPM) area depends on the amphiphile and oil phase composition. The presence of cosurfactant in the anionic-nonionic surfactant mixture increases very much the SPM area, but no effect is observed when half of D is replaced by RSO. In the pseudo-ternary

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9

Page, Alexander, Anton Van der Ven, P. F. P. Poudeu, and Ctirad Uher. "Origins of phase separation in thermoelectric (Ti, Zr, Hf)NiSn half-Heusler alloys from first principles." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, no. 36 (2016): 13949–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta04957e.

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10

Gralak, D., and V. H. Tran. "Magnetic phase diagram of pseudo-ternary solid solution URu1−xPdxGe." Journal of Solid State Chemistry 226 (March 2015): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2015.01.027.

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11

Leite, Clarice C., Ariane V. Zmozinski, Maria Goreti R. Vale, and Márcia M. Silva. "Determination of Fe, Cr and Cu in used lubricating oils by ET AAS using a microemulsion process for sample preparation." Analytical Methods 7, no. 8 (2015): 3363–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ay00128e.

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Samples were prepared as microemulsions investigated through a pseudo-ternary phase diagram. Calibration curves with inorganic standards were used for quantification. The method is accurate, simple, fast, and causes less environmental impact.

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12

Lai, Hao, Wei Shi, and Nanjun Lai. "Preparation of nano emulsion with high salt resistance." International Journal of Energy 2, no. 2 (2023): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ije.v2i2.7380.

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In this paper, the high salt shale reservoir as the research object, through the combination of microemulsion dilution method and pseudo-ternary phase diagram to screen the salt resistance of good nano emulsion. In the system, D-limonene was used as the oil phase, and the surfactant CAB-35 and AOS were selected by pseudo-ternary phase diagram method as the surfactant in the ratio of 1:1, and then mixed with n-butanol in the ratio of 1:1 to obtain the best microemulsion effect. The nano emulsion system was prepared by diluting the microemulsion. By testing the interfacial tension, the optimum p

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13

Zhou, J., L. Zhang, L. Chen, Y. Du, and Z. K. Liu. "A thermodynamic description of metastable c-TiAlZrN coatings with triple spinodally decomposed domains." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 53, no. 2 (2017): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb161017001z.

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A critical thermodynamic assessment of the metastable c-TiAlZrN coatings, which are reported to spinodally decompose into triple domains, i.e., c-TiN, c-AlN, and c-ZrN, was performed via the CALculation of PHAse Diagram (CALPHAD) technique based on the limited experimental data as well as the first-principles computed free energies. The metastable c-TiAlZrN coatings were modeled as a pseudo-ternary phase consisting of c-TiN, c-AlN and c-ZrN species, and described using the substitutional solution model. The thermodynamic descriptions for the three boundary binaries were directly taken from eit

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14

Wei, G., M. Hasegawa, M. Ichinose, et al. "Iso-thermal Section of the Phase Diagram of the System Na2MoO4-MoO3-La2O3 at 1073 K." High Temperature Materials and Processes 33, no. 4 (2014): 313–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2013-0078.

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15

Liu, Chengjun, Jiyu Qiu, and Zhengyue Liu. "Phase Equilibria in the System CaO-SiO2-La2O3-Nb2O5 at 1400 °C." Metals 11, no. 12 (2021): 1892. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11121892.

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CaO-SiO2-La2O3-Nb2O5 system is of great significance for the pyrometallurgical utilization of Bayan Obo tailing resources. In the present work, the phase equilibrium of this quaternary system at 1400 °C was determined by a thermodynamic equilibrium experiment. On the basis of the recently determined CaO-La2O3-Nb2O5 phase diagram, some boundary surfaces of primary phase fields of CaO-SiO2-La2O3-Nb2O5 phase diagram were modified; then, the 1400 °C isothermal surface in the primary phase fields of SiO2, CaNb2O6, Ca2Nb2O7, and LaNbO4 was constructed, respectively. On this basis, CaO-SiO2-Nb2O5 pse

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16

Salim, Fahad F., and Nawal A. Rajab. "Formulation and Characterization of Piroxicam as Self-Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System." Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN: 1683 - 3597 , E-ISSN : 2521 - 3512) 29, no. 1 (2020): 174–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31351/vol29iss1pp174-183.

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Piroxicam (PIR) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug of oxicam category, used in gout, arthritis, as well as other inflammatory conditions (topically and orally). PIR is practically insoluble in water, therefore the aim is prepare and evaluate piroxicam as liquid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system to enhance its dispersibility and stability. The Dispersibilty and Stability study have been conducted in Oil, Surfactant and Co-surfactant for choosing the best materials to dissolve piroxicam. The pseudo ternary phase diagrams have been set at 1:1, 2:1, 3:1 as well as 4:1 ratio of surfac

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17

Ilic, Marija, Franz-Hubert Haegel, Vesna Pavelkic, Snezana Zlatanovic, Zoran Markovic, and Aleksandar Cvjetic. "Unusually sluggish microemulsion system with water, toluene and a technical branched alkyl polyethoxylate." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 21, no. 3 (2015): 429–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq141012045i.

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Microemulsion systems with water, toluene and nonionic surfactants are interesting for application due to the excellent solvent properties of aromatic hydrocarbons. In this study, the pseudo-binary phase diagram (?fish-diagram?) of such a ternary system was investigated using a branched technical alkyl polyethoxylate. Lutensol ON 50 (i-C10E5) was considered a suitable surfactant. The system with technical branched i-C10E5 exhibits very long and for compositions near optimum solubilization, i.e. the minimum content of surfactant needed for a bicontinuous microemulsion, extremely long times for

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18

Chen, Rong, Genhua Wu, and Qiyun Zhang. "ChemInform Abstract: Phase Diagram of Pseudo-Ternary System KAlF4-K3AlF6-KBe2 Fe5." ChemInform 32, no. 48 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200148020.

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19

Ghosh, Sajal, Rajesh Ganesan, R. Sridharan, and T. Gnanasekaran. "Investigation on the Phase Diagram of LiCl-KCl-NdCl3 Pseudo-Ternary System." Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion 39, no. 6 (2018): 916–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11669-018-0695-3.

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20

Sonule, Minal, Lalchand D. Devhare, M. Niranjan Babu, Sachinkumar D. Gunjal, and S. Varalaxmi. "Microemulgel-based Hydrogel of Diclofenac Sodium using Lipidium sativum as a Gelling Agent." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY 13, no. 04 (2023): 1235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.13.4.19.

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Aim was to prepare hydrogel containing diclofenac sodium using Lipidium sativum as a gelling agent within a micro emulsion-based system. The oil phase consisted of soybean oil, while surfactants, namely Span 80 and Tween 20, were employed in the formulation. Absolute ethanol was used as a co-surfactant and were characterized by a phase diagram. The in-vitro permeation information is derived from the Franz diffusion. Different microemulsion was designed by screening of various components by performing pseudo-ternary phase diagram and then a solubility study. From this psudo-ternary phase diagra

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21

Liu, Guo Qing, Hua Feng Zhou, Jing Zhang, et al. "Resveratrol Loaded Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SMEDDS): Development and Optimization." Advanced Materials Research 936 (June 2014): 763–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.936.763.

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We developed a SMEDDS to enhance the oral delivery of resveratrol by using high performance liquid chromatography, a pseudo ternary phase diagram and a central composite design (CCD). We found that the optimal formulation of 12.69% greoil gtcc, 62.29% Cremophor EL, and 25.02% Labrasol. We characterized the particle size and zeta potential of the final SMEDDS.

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22

Zhang, B., M. Estermann, and W. Steurer. "The growth of decagonal Al–Co–Ni single crystals as a function of chemical composition." Journal of Materials Research 12, no. 9 (1997): 2274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1997.0303.

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Decaprismatic single crystals taken from a series of alloys of nominal compositions within Al65–77Co3–22Ni3–22 have been studied by means of x-ray diffraction techniques. The substitution of Co by Ni in increasing amounts changes the (pseudo)decagonal diffraction patterns drastically and indicates structural changes which range from a single-crystalline approximant via orientationally ordered nanodomain structures and quasiperiodic phases with different types of ordering phenomena, to a basic decagonal phase. A quantum phase diagram analysis shows a clear separation of the stability regions of

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23

Manasa, Sanke, and K. Anie Vijetha. "Formulation and Evaluation of Dabigatran Solid Self-Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System." Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 8, no. 10 (2022): 585–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2022.v08i10.012.

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Dabigatran Etexilate (DE), a prodrug of dabigatran, is a strong oral, reversible, and direct thrombin inhibitor with low oral bioavailability because of active efflux via intestinal P-glycoprotein receptors. By creating a self-emulsifying drug delivery system, the current work largely focused on improving the solubility of dabigatran. Dabigatran is a BCS class II medication with high permeability and poor water solubility. UV-spectroscopy was used to determine Dabigatran's saturated solubility in different oils, surfactants, and co-surfactants. Based on their maximum solubility and compatibili

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24

Zhao, Zhongwei, and Honggui Li. "Thermodynamics for Leaching of Scheelite—Pseudo-Ternary-System Phase Diagram and Its Application." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B 39, no. 4 (2008): 519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-008-9157-3.

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25

SATO, Kotaro, Masatoshi TAKAHASHI, and Yukyo TAKADA. "Construction of Ti-Nb-Ti₂Cu pseudo-ternary phase diagram." Dental Materials Journal 39, no. 3 (2020): 422–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4012/dmj.2018-394.

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26

Sharma, Sugandha, Tarun Garg, Goutam Rath, and Amit K. Goyal. "Development and Characterization of Fenofibrate Micro Emulsion Based on Pseudo-Ternary Phase Diagram." Journal of Colloid Science and Biotechnology 4, no. 1 (2015): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jcsb.2015.1119.

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27

Gadalla, Ahmed M., and Paisan Kongkachuichay. "Compatible phases of the Y2O3–CuO–Cu2O system in air." Journal of Materials Research 6, no. 3 (1991): 450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1991.0450.

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The phase diagram of the Y2O3–CuO–Cu2O system was constructed as a function of temperature in air by means of thermal analysis and x-ray diffraction. The phase Y2Cu2O5 was found to be stoichiometric and melted peritectically at about 1110 °C. A new intermediate phase with the composition YCu2O2.5 was discovered. It exists between 990 and 1105 °C in air and quenching did not preserve it to room temperature. High temperature x-ray diffraction established its pattern and confirmed its peritectic decomposition. Above 1110 °C YCu2O2.5 consists of Y2O3 and liquid. The results of this system are show

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28

Rozaini, Mohd Zul Helmi. "Phase Behavior of Pseudo-Ternary Gemini Surfactant + 1-Hexanol/Oil/Water Systems." Journal of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics 2012 (November 14, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/839074.

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Temperature dependent phase behavior of pseudo-ternary Gemini surfactant + 1-hexanol (1 : 5 molar ratios)/oil/water systems is reported from 0°C to 65°C. The influence of nature of hydrocarbon oil and type of electrolytes (weak as well as strong) has been investigated on the temperature induced phase behavior of the ternary system. At surfactant concentration, Φs=40%, a “nose-shaped” microemulsion region is observed. Below one-phase microemulsion region, Lα phase appears. The presence of NaCl decreases the domain size of 1Φ micellar region whereas oxalic acid first decreases the domain below Φ

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29

Ge, Wen Sun, Lian Chen, Long Li, Qian Wen Li, and Zheng Hua Huang. "Study on the Behavior of SiO₂ Related Phases in the Vanadium Slag." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 3098–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.3098.

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The SiO2 related phases in the vanadium slag exist in form of orthosilicate matter, the first solidified vanadium-containing phases would be surrounded or wrapped by the last solidified orthosilicate. So the wrapped orthosilicate have to be broken to achieve the extraction of vanadium from vanadium slag, therefore, to study the characteristics of SiO2 related phases in the vanadium slag will offer a practical guidance to understand the phase change of vanadium slag, The free SiO2 phase isn’t generated in the process of vanadium slag production in this paper by means of combination of vanadium

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30

Yaqubov, N., and A. Sultanova. "CHEMICAL INTERACTION IN THE GASE-SRSE SYSTEM." Sciences of Europe, no. 105 (November 22, 2022): 20–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7347295.

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The phase relations in the GaSe-SrSe system have been studied using differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, microstructural analysis, micro hardness tests, and density measurements, and its T-X phase diagram has been constructec. The GaSe-SrSe system has been shown to be a pseudo binary sectron of the ternary system Sr-Ga-Se.The electrical conductivity of SrGaSe2 and solid solutions has been measured and its current-light behavior and photoelectric properties have been studied. The incongruent compound SrGaSe2 was obtained in perithetic reactions. The incongruent compound SrGaSe2 was

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31

Kőrösi, Márton, Csaba Varga, Péter Tóth, Noémi Buczkó, Erzsébet Varga, and Edit Székely. "Experimental Determination of a Chiral Ternary Solubility Diagram and Its Interpretation in Gas Antisolvent Fractionation." Molecules 28, no. 5 (2023): 2115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052115.

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Although crystallization has been widely applied for the enantiomeric enrichment of non-racemates both in research and in industrial applications, the physical–chemical background of chiral crystallizations is not as frequently discussed. A guide for the experimental determination of such phase equilibrium information is lacking. In the current paper, the experimental investigation of chiral melting phase equilibria, chiral solubility phase diagrams and their application in atmospheric and supercritical carbon dioxide-assisted enantiomeric enrichment is described and compared. Benzylammonium m

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32

Xie, J. Q., C. H. Wu, and Y. C. Chuang. "Phase diagram of the (Fe0.95Ga0.05)-rich portion of Nd-(Fe0.95Ga0.05)-B pseudo-ternary system." Journal of the Less Common Metals 157, no. 2 (1990): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088(90)90174-i.

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Zhang, Yi-Ding, and Di Zhou. "Pseudo Phase Diagram and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Li2 O-MgO-TiO2 Ternary System." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 99, no. 11 (2016): 3645–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jace.14402.

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Wu, Ya Qian, Hong Ying Xia, and Feng Zhao. "Preparation of Imidacloprid Microemulsion and its Formula Optimization." Advanced Materials Research 335-336 (September 2011): 260–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.335-336.260.

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Based on the combinational method of pseudo ternary phase diagram and orthogonal design and taking the study on the imidacloprid microemulsion as example, the method of preparing the pesticide microemulsion was creatively brought forward to remedy the situation of the lack of the research on compounding the microemulsion. The experimental results and the date analysis show that our method is simple and effective, and were expected to provide new ideas and technical methods for the development of pesticide microemulsion.

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35

Prevost, Sylvain, Tobias Lopian, Maximilian Pleines, Olivier Diat, and Thomas Zemb. "Small-angle scattering and morphologies of ultra-flexible microemulsions." Journal of Applied Crystallography 49, no. 6 (2016): 2063–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576716016150.

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The phase diagrams of ternary mixtures of partly miscible solvents containing a hydrotropic co-solvent exhibit a variable miscibility gap and one critical point. This work investigates the entire monophasic region far from and near to the miscibility gap in octan-1-ol/ethanol/water, for which ultra-flexible microemulsions (UFMEs) are observed by small-angle scattering techniques. SWAXS (combined small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering) allows the elucidation of these types of structure. Three distinct areas can be identified in the phase diagram, with scattering data resembling those from direc

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36

Kadhim Drais, Hayder, and Ahmad A. Hussein. "Formulation Characterization and Evaluation of Meloxicam Nanoemulgel to be Used Topically." Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN: 1683 - 3597 , E-ISSN : 2521 - 3512) 26, no. 1 (2017): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31351/vol26iss1pp9-16.

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Meloxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. It is practically insoluble in water. It is associated with gastrointestinal side effects at high doses on long term treatment. The aim of this investigation to formulate and evaluate gellified nanoemulsion of meloxicam as a topical dosage form to enhance meloxicam therapeutic activity and reduce systemic side effect. The pseudo ternary phase diagrams were made, including the oil mixture which is composed of almond oil and peppermint oil at a ratio (1:2), variable surfactant mixture (S mix) which are tween 80 and ethanol at ratios of (

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Al Saqr, Ahmed, Manjusha Annaji, Ishwor Poudel, et al. "Topical Delivery of Diacetyl Boldine in a Microemulsion Formulation for Chemoprotection against Melanoma." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 3 (2023): 901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15030901.

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This study aimed to develop a microemulsion formulation for topical delivery of Diacetyl Boldine (DAB) and to evaluate its cytotoxicity against melanoma cell line (B16BL6) in vitro. Using a pseudo-ternary phase diagram, the optimal microemulsion formulation region was identified, and its particle size, viscosity, pH, and in vitro release characteristics were determined. Permeation studies were performed on excised human skin using Franz diffusion cell assembly. The cytotoxicity of the formulations on B16BL6 melanoma cell lines was evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-

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38

Liu, Qi, Jingkang Wang, Hao Wu, et al. "Structure and pseudo-ternary phase diagram of water/Triton X-100/1-pentanol/cyclohexane microemulsion." Journal of Molecular Liquids 349 (March 2022): 118425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118425.

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39

Shahid, Laiba, Samar Fatima Hashmi, Sibgha Basharat, et al. "Formulation and evaluation of diclofenac sodium microemulsion transdermal spray for rheumatoid arthritis." Journal of Contemporary Pharmacy, Vol 8, (1) 2024 (June 30, 2024): 14–21. https://doi.org/10.56770/jcp2024813.

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Background: The growth of a topical vehicle microemulsions has been more enhanced compared to the normal skin applications such as creams, gels among others. These micro-structured vehicles showed enhanced solubilization of drug and improved skin permeation as compared to conventional topical systems. Objective: This study was aimed to formulate and evaluate the topical diclofenac sodium microemulsion spray claimed to be having better bioavailability, greater drug solubility, enhanced skin permeation, and lesser side effects. Method: Diclofenac sodium microemulsion was prepared by constructing

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Gong, Da Liao, Feng Zhao, Hong Ying Xia, and Ya Qian Wu. "Research the Formulation of Triazophos Microemulsion." Applied Mechanics and Materials 79 (July 2011): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.79.111.

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Based on physical chemistry pseudo ternary phase diagram and orthogonal experimental method, the method of the component and preparation of pesticide microemulsion was discussed in detail. The heat storage and cold storage tests were used as an indicator to examine the stability of the formulations we obtained. Finally, the best formulation was obtained as follows: triazophos (2.946%), surfactant DK90 (7.232%), ethanol (4.821%), stabilizer A (0.4841%), distilled water (84.52%). Experimental results show that our method is simple, scientific and effective. It is beneficial for us to select the

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Wołczynski, W., Z. Pogoda, G. Garzeł, B. Kucharska, A. Sypien, and T. Okane. "Part II. Model for the Protective Coating Formation During Hot Dip Galvanizing/ Część II. Model Formowania Powłoki Ochronnej Podczas Cynkowania Ogniowego." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 59, no. 4 (2014): 1393–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amm-2014-0237.

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Abstract A mathematical description for the (Zn) - coating formation with the presence of flux in the zinc bath is presented. This description includes the progressive vanishing of the products of the flux disintegration. A function which expresses the flux vanishing is formulated. The solidification of some phase sub-layers in the (Zn) - coating is considered with the use of a hypothetical pseudo-ternary phase diagram Fe-Zn-flux. Some relationships are formulated to define the varying Zn - solute redistribution as observed across the sub-layers. The relationships are based on the mass balance

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Satheesh Manoharan and Subramanian Somaskandan. "Self nano emulsifying solid of clopidogrel - developement, characterization, evaluation and effect on bioavailability." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 3 (2019): 1942–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v10i3.1398.

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The aim of the present study is the development and characterization of self-nano emulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDSs) to improve the rate of dissolution of poorly water-soluble anti-platelet agent clopidogrel bisulfate. The solubility was estimated in various vehicles to select proper components and compositions. Cinnamon oil (as oil), Tween 80 (as a surfactant), polyethylene glycol 400 (as co-surfactant) and Water is used to construct pseudo-ternary phase diagrams. Stability, dispersibility and robustness to dilution were performed to optimize formulations by using the phase diagram.

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Syukri, Yandi, Siti Asmaliah, Lutfi Chabib, and Annisa Fitria. "Fabrication of Propolis Self-Nano Emulsfying Using Virgin Coconut Oil as Lipid-Based Vehicle." Advanced Materials Research 1162 (April 2021): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1162.119.

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Propolis is a poorly water-soluble substance contain natural resinous produced by honey bees. Self-nanoemulsifying (SNE) play a role not only to increase the solubility of propolis but also to improve the pharmacological activity. The aim of the present study is to fabrication and characterization self-nanoemulsifying of propolis extract (SNEPE) using virgin coconut oil (VCO) as the lipid-based vehicle. VCO (lipid-based), cremophor RH 40 (surfactant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 with concentration 10-50; 10-80; 10-40% respectively was used to construction pseudo ternary phase diagram. The

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Bastos de Rezende, Daniel, Maria Helena Caño de Andrade, and Vânya Márcia Duarte Pasa. "PHASE EQUILIBRIA STUDY OF SYSTEMS COMPOSED OF MACAUBA PULP OIL (Acrocomia aculeata), FREE FATTY ACIDS, AND HYDROUS ETHANOL AT 25ºC." Journal of Engineering and Exact Sciences 3, no. 7 (2017): 0986–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18540/jcecvl3iss7pp0986-0994.

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The deacidification of vegetable oil by liquid-liquid extraction is based on the difference in solubility of the free fatty acids and triacylglycerols in the solvent. In the present study, the determination of the ternary phase diagram of the liquid-liquid equilibrium for a pseudo-ternary mixture of solvent (ethanol and water), neutral oil (triacylglycerols) and free fatty acids was performed. It is important to highlight that the macauba pulp oil sample used did not pass through any kind of treatment such as degumming or neutralization. Therefore, the free fatty acids in the sample are result

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Takamatsu, Yoshiko, Hisao Esaka, and Kei Shinozuka. "Formation of Primary Intermetallic Compounds in Sn-Ag-Cu Alloys." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 1397–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.1397.

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Sn-Ag-Cu alloys are considered one of the most favorable lead-free solder systems. In slowly-cooled eutectic Sn-Ag-Cu alloys, sometimes large primary Ag3Sn or Cu6Sn5 intermetallic compounds (IMCs) form. These IMCs may affect the mechanical properties of solders. However, explanations for the formation of these IMCs are still not clear. This study deals with interrupted tests in order to clarify the nucleation of IMCs in the liquid phase. In this study, Sn-4.41Ag-0.63Cu and Sn-3.30Ag-1.47Cu alloys were prepared. According to the thermodynamic calculation, Pandat, the equilibrium solidification

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Hammodi, Ihab D., and Shaimaa N. Abd Alhammid. "Preparation and Characterization of Topical Letrozole Nanoemulsion for Breast Cancer." Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN: 1683 - 3597 , E-ISSN : 2521 - 3512) 29, no. 1 (2020): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.31351/vol29iss1pp195-206.

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Letrozole (LZL) is a non-steroidal competitive aromatase enzyme system inhibitor. The aim of this study is to improve the permeation of LZL through the skin by preparing as nanoemulsion using various numbers of oils, surfactants and co-surfactant with deionized water. Based on solubility studies, mixtures of oleic acid oil and tween 80/ transcutol p as surfactant/co-surfactant (Smix) in different percentages were used to prepare nanoemulsions (NS). Therefore, 9 formulae of (o/w) LZL NS were formulated, then pseudo-ternary phase diagram was used as a useful tool to evaluate the NS domain at Smi

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Yushkin, Alexey, Andrey Basko, Alexey Balynin, et al. "Effect of Acetone as Co-Solvent on Fabrication of Polyacrylonitrile Ultrafiltration Membranes by Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation." Polymers 14, no. 21 (2022): 4603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14214603.

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For the first time, the presence of acetone in the casting solutions of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) in dimethylsulfoxide or N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was studied with regards to thermodynamical aspects of phase separation of polymeric solutions induced by contact with non-solvent (water), formation and performance of porous membranes of ultrafiltration range. The positions of the liquid equilibrium binodals on the phase diagrams of these three-component and pseudo-three-component mixtures were determined. For PAN—N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone—water glass transition curve on a ternary phase diagram was plott

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Hiremath, Jayadev, Nimbagal Raghavendra Naveen, Prakash Goudanavar, et al. "Preformulation Studies and Pseudo-Ternary Phase Diagram Development for Dolutegravir Sodium: A Foundational Step toward SMEDDS Design." Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research 59, no. 3s (2025): s874—s880. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijper.20252845.

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Anand S and Kumar K R. "Design, Development and Optimisation of Carvedilol Microemulsion by Pseudoternary Phase diagram and Central Composite design." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 4 (2020): 6619–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3569.

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Aim of this study is to design and optimise carvedilol loaded microemulsion. Carvedilol microemulsion is prepared and optimised by Phase titration technique. The selections of material attributes for the formulation of microemulsion are chosen by building a pseudo ternary phase diagram with various concentration oils and surfactant. Optimisation of Carvedilol microemulsion formulation technique was carried out by Central composite Design with two centre points by using selected critical material attributes like the different concentration of oils, surfactants and evaluated for its effect on Cr

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Darna, Bhikshapathi, and Sujitha Katuri. "Design and Characterization of Ceritinib Self-nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research 13, no. 03 (2020): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.25004/ijpsdr.2021.130316.

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Objective: The main objective of the current study was to develop ceritinib SNEDDS for the improvement of solubility, permeability, and drug release. Methods: Solubility of ceritinib was studied in various oils, surfactants, and co-surfactants, and based on its maximum solubility, an oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant were chosen (captex355, tergitol, and propylene glycol) and mixed in varying ratios, the ratios with no phase separation, maximum transmittance and clear in appearance were identified and used for plotting pseudo tertiary phase diagram. Fifteen selfnanoemulsifying drug delivery s

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