Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pseudoartrosi'
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Galteri, Giulia. "Caratterizzazione biomeccanica sperimentale per il trattamento delle pseudoartrosi dell'arto superiore." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/22883/.
Full textNatale, Matteo. "Pseudoartrosi delle fratture delle ossa tozze: eziopatologia, epidemiologia e tecniche chirurgiche." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
Find full textMalerba, Albano. "Pseudoartrosi delle fratture di diafisi delle ossa lunghe: eziopatologia, epidemiologia e tecniche chirurgiche." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
Find full textFernández-Valencia, Laborde Jenaro-Ángel. "Respuesta de fase aguda en las fracturas abiertas. Correlación de los niveles de proteína C-reactiva, interleuquina 6 y creatin-quinasa con la clasificación de Gustilo y con la predicción de resultados." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1242.
Full textLas fracturas abiertas (FA) suponen un reto para el cirujano ortopédico, dado que se asocian a una alta tasa de infección y de pseudoartrosis. Se han desarrollado múltiples clasificaciones para las FA siendo la clasificación de Gustilo la más universalmente aceptada. Estas clasificaciones proporcionan una orientación en el tratamiento y un pronóstico basándose en criterios clínicos sujetos a una inherente variabilidad interobservador. Si bien la respuesta de fase aguda (RFA) ha sido bien estudiada en pacientes politraumátícos, existen pocos estudios a este respecto en FA. El presente es un estudio prospectivo sobre una cohorte de pacientes con fractura abierta de huesos largos, realizado con el fin de determinar si la RFA correlacionaba con los principales tipos de la clasificación de Gustilo y determinar la utilidad de los reactantes de fase aguda en la predicción de complicaciones y/o del resultado funcional a largo plazo.
MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS
Se trata de un estudio prospectivo, observacional, de un periodo de 15 meses, comprendido entre febrero de 2001 y mayo de 2003. Se incluyeron en el estudio aquellos pacientes esqueléticamente maduros, con fractura abierta de hueso largo, tratados dentro de las 6 primeras horas tras el accidente. Se excluyeron a los pacientes con antecedentes de infección activa, neoplasia o intervención quirúrgica en los 3 meses anteriores. Se excluyeron del estudio los pacientes con enfermedades previas con repercusión sobre la respuesta inmunitaria y/o inflamatoria. Se incluyeron un total de 64 pacientes con 69 FA con un Injury Severity Score (ISS) medio de 10,2. Se determinó la proteína C-reactiva, interleukina 6 (IL-6) y creatínquinasa (CK) el tercer día postoperatorio y se efectuó un seguimiento hasta la consolidación de la fractura registrándose posibles complicaciones. Así mismo se realizó un seguimiento mediante entrevista telefónica, con un mínimo de cuatro años tras la FA, mediante el cuestionario SF-36.
RESULTADOS
Las concentraciones séricas de PCR, IL-6 y CK el tercer día postoperatorio de una FA de hueso largo, no correlacionaron con la clasificación de Gustilo en sus tres tipos principales (p <0.05). La media de las concentraciones de PCR, CK e IL-6 el tercer día postoperatorio no presentó diferencias significativas entre los pacientes que presentaron complicaciones en general, infección y retardo de consolidación o pseudoartrosis, respecto a los pacientes que tuvieron una recuperación sin complicaciones (p>0,05). La mediana del parámetro CK de la presente serie fue de 550 U/L y un total de 21 pacientes (30,4%) presentaron niveles de CK superiores a 1000 U/L. Los resultados en la escala SF-36 no se relacionaron con las concentraciones de PCR, CK e IL-6 el tercer día postoperatorio (p>0,05). Como conclusión, la presente serie muestra que la clasificación de Gustilo no correlaciona con la respuesta de fase aguda tras una FA. Los reactantes de fase aguda no mostraron utilidad para la predicción de complicaciones o de un mejor o peor resultado funcional. De forma interesante, la incidencia de rabdomiolisis fue elevada en esta serie. A pesar de que consideramos necesarios más estudios para corroborar este hallazgo, recomendamos la determinación sistemática de CK en todos los pacientes afectos de FA con el fin de diagnosticar y tratar de forma precoz una eventual rabdomiolisis.
Chaverri, Fierro Daniel. "TGF-B1 y otras moléculas como biomarcadores de consolidación ósea en pseudoartrosis no hipertrófica de huesos largos." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667984.
Full textINTRODUCTION Pseudoarthrosis or non union is a complication wich incidence is estimated around 5-10% of fractures. Its frequently located in diaphysis of long bones. It is a complication that requires important surgical procedures and a worrying problem in orthopedic and trauma surgery actually. The discovery of a molecule or biomarker to detect those patients at risk of develope a delayed bone healing or non union would help us to establish special measures for their treatment.earlier. MATERIAL AND METHODS We propose a prospective exploratory pilot study that analyzes a cohort of 20 patients diagnosed of non-hypertrophic non-union of long bones undergoing surgical treatment consisting in autologus bone graft +/- re osteosynthesis. These patients were followed for 12 months. Plasma blood samples were obtained to determine Tranforming Growth Factor B1 and B2 (TGF-B1, TGF-B2) at inclusion, at week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after surgery. Radiological bone healing was evaluated by the Tomographic Union Score (TUS). RESULTS 20 patients were included, 17 were analyzed finally. 9 healed versus 8 that did not heal. The mean values of TGF-B1 at inclusión time point were: 26,702.4 +/- 14537 pg / ml. For TGF-B2: 307.8 +/- 83.1 pg / ml. Statistically significant differences were found between the bone healing group and the non-union group at 12 months for TGF-B1 (p 0.005). No significant differences were found between the two groups for TGF-B2. CONCLUSIONS TGF-B1 can be a serological marker of bone healing although we can not say that it is a biomarker that allows early detection of delayed unión or non unión in base of our results. The same conclusion would be applicable to TGF-B2.
ABUNDO, PAOLO. "Progetto di un dispositivo dedicato all'applicazione clinica di vibrazioni meccaniche localizzate ed analisi delle relative sperimentazioni." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1367.
Full textIn Rehabilitation Medicine, therapeutic application of vibration energy in specific clinical treatments and in sport rehabilitation is being affirmed more and more. Vibration exposure can have positive or negative effects on the human body, depending on the features and time of the characterizing wave. Short periods of vibration exposure and specific frequency values can determine positive adjustments of human body. Human body doesn’t vibrate like a unique body, but every element regarding its own resonance frequency can cause an amplification or attenuation of the vibrations applied. This is the reason why vibration application mechanisms are crucial: if applied in non specific way, Whole Body Vibration (WBV) treatments could have non positive effects. In order to focus the effect of vibration in the specific treatment area, local vibrations (LV) have been introduced in rehabilitation medicine. The initial aim of the present study was to translate the medical necessity of applying local vibration in clinical treatments into scientific-engineering language, producing a design solution. In collaboration with Boscosystem Company, a manufacturer of rehabilitation medicine and sport training devices, we have produced a specific prototype for LV application on human body. The device is user friendly, “auto-applicable” to the patient, it preserves clinical operator from vibration stress and it makes LV applications ergonomic. Then, we have tested our prototype, verifying that the vibration produced by it and applied on human body has objectively detectable effects, analyzing the behaviour of muscles in rest time and under vibration energy, by using surface electromyography, obtaining a greater response in the second scenary. Subsequently, a real clinical inquiry was made about the device effectiveness and its clinical use on patients. To achieve this goal, in collaboration with the Company Program of Physical Medicine and Day-Hospital Rehabilitation of Policlinico Tor Vergata in Rome, we have applied therapeutic exercise by vibration (TEV) produced by our device on a male patient with a non-union right tibial fracture. In itinere radiological images and Bone Mass Index analysis allow us to state that TEV, made by using our device, contributes decisively to the therapy of pathologies concerning disorders of bone callous forming, resolving the consolidation delay, reducing patient healing time; moreover it isn’t negligible the improvement induced on the patient, as far as paraesthetic symptomatology and reduction of perilesion edema are concerned. The next target of our study was the inquiry of TEV metabolic effects on the application muscle. So, we have used a Tissue Oximeter installed at Fatebenefratelli Isola Tiberina Hospital in Rome, that is able to detect Hb and HbO2 concentration trend, by using NIRS (Near InfraRed Spectroscopy). By making measurements during TEV application, it was possible to obtain information about metabolic activity in the treated area (biceps in our case). By analyzing Hb and HbO2 trends, we have shown a variation of total Hemoglobine, of oxygenated and non-oxygenated Hemoglobine and of oxygen saturation: in particular, we have shown an increase of oxygenated Hemoglobine. More measurements revealed us that, although Hemoglobine concentration increase could be partially caused by temperature rise, Local Vibrations themselves induce sensible variations.
Ruthner, Roberto Pedersen. "Tratamento simultâneo da pseudoartrose diafisária ou supracondileana do fêmur e da rigidez do joelho." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/11404.
Full textFemoral diaphyseal and supracondylar fractures are very incapacitating problems generally caused by high-energy traumas. Many complications can follow these lesions, but the association of pseudarthrosis with knee stiffness is among the most difficult ones to deal with. Nowadays, there is still a generally accepted approach, which gives priority to the pseudarthrosis treatment before knee blockage release. A simultaneous treatment of both, the fracture nonunion and the knee stiffness, would allow resolution of the problem in a single surgical procedure. Bending of the knee joint would improve the consolidation process and a single admission would decrease patient anxiety. This approach (quadricepsplasty + osteoperiosteal decortication + bone autografting + knee movement recovery), though it may increase tissue handling, blood loss and postoperative morbidity was proposed and it has been attempted in this service (HCPA) since 1990. A total of 12 consecutive patients (six men, six female; mean (sd) age of 30 (15) years; ranging from 22 to 65 years) were submitted to the combined procedure. The average (sd) time since onset of the orthopedic problem was 16 (6) months (range: 10 to 32 months) and the majority of the patients have already undergone surgical treatment. The average (sd) extent of movement was improved from 10o (9o) to 112o (13o) postoperatively. Not only all patients healed the fracture but also have obtained a statistically significant improvement in the extent of movement (Student t=31; P≤0.0001). However, thisimprovement was significantly greater in those patients with less than 16 months since disease onset than those over 16 months (Student t=2.71; P=0.02). This improvement was inversely correlated with time of clinical evolution since disease onset (Pearson correlation=-0,672; P=0,017). Postoperative course was uneventful and no death or severe complication occurred in this series. According to these findings, both purposes, the simultaneous treatment of the femoral pseudarthrosis and knee blockage was successfully achieved and therefore, if a combined approach as earlier as possible is established a better outcome should be expected.
Bervian, Michel Roberto 1979. "Diagnóstico de necrose avascular em pacientes com pseudoartrose do escafoide : correlação dos exames de imagem pré-operatórios e achados intraoperatórios com o anatomopatológico." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/312427.
Full textTexto em português e inglês
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: Objetivo: Realizar exames de imagem pré-operatórios, verificar a vascularização do segmento proximal do escafoide no intraoperatório e estabelecer correlações diagnósticas destes com o exame anatomopatológico. Justificativa: O diagnóstico pré-operatório do estado vascular do segmento proximal do escafoide é importante para o planejamento e direcionamento da escolha da técnica cirúrgica a ser utilizada. Métodos: Estudo experimental, prospectivo, caracterizado por ensaio não controlado. Os pacientes foram avaliados em relação à necrose do segmento proximal do escafoide em exames pré-operatórios (radiografia, tomografia computadorizada e ressonância nuclear magnética) e, no intraoperatório, no qual a condição vascular do segmento proximal do escafoide foi avaliada após sua perfuração, que demonstrou a presença ou não de sangramento. A ausência de sangramento estabelece como condição um segmento de necrose avascular ou esclerótico. Foi colhido material do segmento proximal e enviado para exame anatomopatológico, e os achados foram classificados em quatro tipos principais: viabilidade óssea, grau intermediário com maior ou menor viabilidade óssea e necrose completa. Foi utilizado o teste de qui-quadrado para testar a associação entre os achados dos exames de imagem e exame intraoperatório quando comparados com o exame de anatomopatológico. Resultados: Foram avaliados 19 pacientes do gênero masculino com diagnóstico de pseudoartrose do escafoide. Os resultados demonstraram que existe associação significativa entre a alteração radiográfica e a necrose óssea p<0,05 (0,026). A tomografia não apresentou associação significativa com o diagnóstico anatomopatológico da necrose do osso escafoide p>0,05 (0,125). A ressonância nuclear magnética mostrou que o hipossinal marcado em T1 apresentou correlação significativa com o diagnóstico anatomopatológico de necrose no segmento proximal do escafoide em todos os pacientes p<0,05 (0,002). Em 90% dos ossos considerados escleróticos na avaliação intraoperatória a necrose foi confirmada pelo exame anatomopatológico, e a associação foi significativa p<0,05 (0,003). Conclusão: Na pseudoartrose do escafoide, imagens de ressonância nuclear magnética com hipossinal de baixa intensidade marcado em T1 e ausência de sangramento no intraoperatório são fortes indicativos de necroseOsteonecrose do segmento proximal
Abstract: Background: The purpose of this study was to correlate the preoperative imaging, vascularity of the proximal pole, and histology of the proximal pole bone of established scaphoid fracture nonunions. Methods: This was a prospective observational study. Patients were evaluated preoperatively for necrosis of the proximal scaphoid fragment by radiography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Vascular status of the proximal scaphoid was determined intraoperatively, demonstrating the presence or absence of puncate bone bleeding. Samples were harvested from the proximal scaphoid fragment and sent for pathological examination. We determined the association between the imaging and intraoperative examination and histological findings. Results: We evaluated 19 male patients diagnosed with scaphoid nonunion. CT evaluation showed no correlation to scaphoid proximal fragment necrosis. MRI showed a marked low signal intensity on T1-weighted, and the diagnosis of necrosis in the proximal scaphoid fragment was confirmed by the histology in all patients. Intraoperative assessment showed that 90% of bones had absence of intraoperative puncate bone bleeding, which was confirmed as necrosis by microscopic examination. Correlation between preoperative imaging, intraoperative findings and pathology was found in 41% of cases, with 26% for bone necrosis and 15% for viable bone. Conclusions: In scaphoid nonunion MRI images with marked low signal intensity on T1-weighted and the absence of intraoperative puncate bone bleeding are strong indicatives of osteonecrosis of the proximal fragment
Mestrado
Fisiopatologia Cirúrgica
Mestre em Ciências
Santos, Rafael Senos dos. "Uso do decanoato de nandrolona na não-união de fratura induzida em fêmur de rato: aspectos morfológicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10132/tde-04082015-124343/.
Full textThe nonunion fracture is a relatively frequent complication in both human and veterinary medicine. Among their types, the atrophic nonunion fracture is usually the most difficult to treat and the elective treatment is surgery. In order to search for alternative therapeutic approach, the present study aimed to analyze the morphological changes induced by the use of nandrolone decanoate in experimental nonunion fracture with vascular deficit in the rat model. Ten adult Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into two groups, control (GC) and nandrolone decanoate (GNan). Surgical protocols were developed to promote fracture nonunion in the left femur diaphysis with vascular deficit by removing the periosteum and endosteum and isolating the fracture site using a latex artifact. After the establishment of the nonunion fracture, the GNan was treated with nandrolone decanoate (1.5mg/kg IM, once a week, during 4 weeks). Periodical radiological examinations were performed. In addition, anatomopathological evaluation, scanning electron microscopy, computed micro-tomography and optical microscopy techniques were performed. The results showed that the surgical protocols to establish the nonunion fracture were efficient and allowed qualitative and quantitative evaluation of bone growth. Besides, the nandrolone decanoate promoted the bone regeneration at the nonunion fracture site by raising the osteblastic activity and reducing the osteclastic activity. The percentage of collagen analysis did not reveal significant differences between GC and GNan. This guarantees some quality for the regenerated bone. Due to the economical viability of the use of nandrolone decanoate use, new advanced studies are recommended to prove the therapeutic potential of that anabolic steroid for the treatment of atrophic nonunion fracture in humans and other animals
Español, Barrull Anunciación Rosario. "Ondas de Choque Extacorpóreas en el Tratamiento de las Pseudoartrosis de los Huesos Largos de las Extremidades Inferiores." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/286511.
Full textLa pseudoartrosis es una alteración en el normal proceso de la consolidación ósea que se traduce clínicamente por dolor y persistencia del foco de la fractura con movilidad y desviación del los fragmentos. Es la principal complicación de las fracturas, especialmente en los huesos largos, afectando al 10% de las mismas. El tratamiento de las pseudoartrosis combina diferentes técnicas incruentas con éxito dispar e inconvenientes. Las ondas de choque extracorpóreas son ultrasonidos de alta energía, originados en nuestro caso a través de un generador electromagnético, capaces de producir efecto físicos y biológicos en los huesos, mediante el efecto Hopkins y el fenómeno de cavitación, induciendo una hemorragia subperiostal que estimula el crecimiento óseo de novo. En el presente trabajo se trata de medir la eficacia de las ondas de choque extracorpóreas en el tratamiento de las pseudoartrosis establecidas de los huesos largos de las extremidades inferiores, a través de una valoración clínica y radiológica.
Franco, Bruno Adelmo Ferreira Mendes. "Estudo randomizado da enxertia de plasma rico em plaquetas para consolidação da pseudoartrose da tíbia em relação aos tratamentos convencionais /." Araraquara, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/181951.
Full textCoorientador: Gildásio de Cerqueira Daltro
Banca: Mário Castro Carreiro
Banca: Ademario Galvão Spínola
Resumo: Pseudoartrose é o termo usado para designar a não consolidação de uma fratura, quando o processo de reparação óssea, por algum motivo deixou de atuar. A falta da união das superfícies ósseas fraturadas decorre da presença de um tecido fibroso ou fibro-cartilaginoso entre as extremidades. Portanto, não há união dos fragmentos de uma fratura, levando à formação de uma pseudocápsula com sinóvia e líquido sinovial. Apesar do desenvolvimento de numerosas técnicas de reparação óssea na cirurgia traumatológica, ainda é bastante desafiador a busca da melhor terapêutica a ser utilizada para o tratamento dos grupos de fraturas que apresentam alterações no processo de consolidação e que culminam em pseudoartrose. Estima-se que cerca de 5 a 10% das fraturas de ossos longos evoluem para a disfunção no processo de consolidação, sendo mais comum na tíbia, fíbula e úmero. Novos métodos de tratamento baseados em biotecnologia têm despertado interesse em todo o mundo. Atualmente existe uma gama heterogênea de biomaterias que podem ser utilizados como facilitadores da consolidação óssea no tratamento das fraturas complexas. Estes biomaterias apesar de não representarem o tratamento principal, auxiliam na consolidação ou estimulação dos fenômenos que envolvem o reparo ósseo. Dentre eles, nos últimos anos diversos estudos têm demonstrado o potencial terapêutico do Plasma Rico em Plaquetas na regeneração de tecidos moles, cartilagem e ósseo. O plasma rico em plaquetas é um concentrado de plaquetas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Pseudoarthrosis is the term used to designate non-consolidation of a fracture, when the bone repair process for some reason ceased to act. The lack of union of the fractured bone surfaces results from the presence of a fibrous or fibro-cartilaginous tissue between the extremities. Therefore, there is no union of the fragments of a fracture, leading to the formation of a pseudocapsule with synovium and synovial fluid. Despite the development of numerous bone repair techniques in trauma surgery, it is still quite challenging to seek the best therapy to be used for the treatment of fracture groups that present changes in the consolidation process and culminate in pseudoarthrosis. It is estimated that approximately 5 to 10% of the fractures of long bones evolve to the dysfunction in the consolidation process, being more common in the tibia, fibula and humerus. New biotechnology-based treatment methods have attracted interest all over the world. There is currently a heterogeneous range of biomaterials that can be used as facilitators of bone healing in the treatment of complex fractures. These biomaterias, although they do not represent the main treatment, help in the consolidation or stimulation of the phenomena that involve the bone repair. In recent years, several studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of Platelet Rich Plasma in the regeneration of soft tissues, cartilage and bone. Platelet-rich plasma is in autogenous platelet concentrate obtained by centrifugatio... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Romero, Jenny Manzano. "Análise das características biológicas das células estromais mesenquimais multipotentes obtidas de diferentes regiões anatômicas de pacientes com Pseudoartrose Congênita da Tíbia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17153/tde-08012019-153231/.
Full textCongenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is one of the most challenging orthopedic diseases because of the difficulty in obtaining bone union and, when it happens, in maintaining it. It is a rare disease, difficult-to-treat due to the lack of knowledge about to pathogenesis. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) may play a role in the pathogenesis of PCT, possibly due to a failure in the osteogenic differentiation. Studying these cells can help to better understand the pathogenesis of the disease and develop new therapeutic strategies based on the use of MSC in the near future. In view of the above, this work had the objective of analyzing the biological characteristics of CMM isolated from different anatomic regions of bone marrow of patients with PCT. For this, bone marrow samples were collected from sites affected and unaffected by the disease: unaffected limb iliac crest (CINA), affected limb iliac crest (CIA), unaffected tibia (TNA), and affected tibia (TA). The number of patients included in the study was three: PCT1, PCT2 and PCT3. The results showed that all cells isolated from PCT patients had characteristics compatible with CMM. The rate of formation of colonyforming units of TA cells in both PCT2 and PCT3 was significantly lower in TNA and CINA cells respectively (p <0.05). The amount of cells positive for the CD146 marker was lower in the TA cells of PCT1 and PCT2. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference. This marker is related to the multipotent capacity and bone formation in vivo. In PCT1 it was observed that the formation of mineralized matrix of CMCs isolated from CIA was significantly higher in relation to AT. In addition, PCT1 TA cells showed a significant secretion of some cytokines involved in the bone formation process, such as CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, TNA-alpha, PDGF-BB, and GM-CSF. The alteration of these cytokines can lead to complicated situations such as the case of non-consolidation of bone. With the results obtained, if the CMM of the affected tibia has been shown to try to form bone, but at the site of the lesion is insufficient, it is necessary to carry out studies focused on the molecular mechanism.
Ribak, Samuel. "Tratamento da pseudoartrose do escafoide = estudo comparativo entre o uso do exerto ósseo da extremidade distal do rádio vascularizado e não vascularizado." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311306.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: Avaliaram-se os aspectos clínicos, funcionais e radiográficos de 86 pacientes portadores de pseudoartroses do escafoide. Comparam-se 46 pacientes submetidos à técnica de enxerto ósseo vascularizado dorsal do rádio distal, baseado na artéria suprarretinacular intercompartimental 1,2* (Grupo I), e 40 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia pela técnica de enxerto ósseo convencional não vascularizado da mesma região, rádio distal (Grupo II), objetivando definir o melhor procedimento quanto à consolidação e função. A amostra foi composta por 25 pseudoartroses no terço médio e 21 no polo proximal nos pacientes do Grupo I, e 22 no terço médio, duas no polo distal e 16 no polo proximal nos pacientes do Grupo II. No transoperatório, 30 escafoides foram considerados não vascularizados nos pacientes do Grupo I, e 20 nos pacientes do Grupo II. A estabilização do escafóide foi realizada por três fios de Kirschner e, no pós-operatório, todos os pacientes foram submetidos à imobilização com tala gessada antebraquiopalmar por quatro semanas. O tempo de seguimento médio pósoperatório foi de 24.4 meses (Grupo I), e de 21.7 meses (Grupo II). Conseguiu-se consolidação de 89.1% nos pacientes do Grupo I e tempo médio de consolidação de 9.7 semanas. Nos pacientes do Grupo II, houve consolidação em 72.5%, com tempo médio de 12 semanas. Os resultados funcionais do Grupo I foram satisfatórios em 72% dos pacientes e 57,5% no Grupo II. Concluímos que a técnica de enxerto ósseo vascularizado apresenta, quanto ao índice de consolidação e função, resultados superioresaos do procedimento não vascularizado, sendo mais eficiente quando a condição do polo proximal do escafoide é esclerótica
Abstract: The clinical, functional and radiographic aspects of 86 patients presenting with scaphoid nonunion were evaluated in this study. Forty-six patients undergoing the technique of vascularized bone graft from the dorsal distal radius, based on the 1, 2 intercompartmental supraretinacular artery (Group I), and 40 patients undergoing the technique of usual nonvascularized bone graft of the same area (distal radius) (Group II), are compared with the purpose of determining the best procedure concerning healing and function. Our sample comprised nonunions in 25 middle-third and 21 proximal-pole patients (Group I), and in 22 middlethird, 2 distal-pole, and 16 proximal-pole patients (Group II). Transoperatively, 30 scaphoids in Group I patients and 20 in Group II patients were considered sclerotic. Scaphoid stabilization was achieved with three K-wires and, postoperatively, and immobilization consisted of a short-arm cast for all patients for four weeks. The average postoperative follow-up time was 24.4 months for Group I, and 21.7 months for Group II. Healing was achieved in 89.1% of Group I patients, with an average healing time of 9.7 weeks. Within Group II, healing was achieved in 72.5% of patients, with an average healing time of 12 weeks. The functional results were satisfactory in 72% of Group I patients and 57.5% of Group II patients. We therefore conclude, from the healing and function indices, that the vascularized bone graft technique produces superior results than the nonvascularized bone graft procedure, being more efficient when the proximal pole of the scaphoid is sclerotic
Doutorado
Fisiopatologia Cirúrgica
Doutor em Ciências
Meirelles, Alexandre Vasconcelos de. "Estudo randomizado comparativo da enxertia autóloga de células da medula óssea para consolidação da pseudoartrose da tíbia em relação aos tratamentos convencionais /." Araraquara, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/181977.
Full textCoorientador: Gildásio de Cerqueira Daltro
Banca: Ademario Galvão Spínola
Banca: Luis Schiper
Resumo: Pseudoartrose é definida como a ausência de evidências radiográficas do processo de consolidação de uma fratura. Células-tronco, são células com capacidade de proliferar e originar células de qualquer linhagem, formando qualquer tecido do organismo. Estudos com animais demonstraram que o uso de medula óssea contendo células do estroma melhoram os resultados do tratamento das pseudoartroses, mas os dados ainda são experimentais e necessitam de mais testes, com número relevante de pacientes, para demonstrar sua segurança e eficácia. Desta forma, este trabalho objetiva a comparação do método tradicional de tratamento da pseudoartrose da tíbia, realizado com o uso de fixador externo, haste ou placa e parafuso com o tratamento combinado do uso das técnicas convencionais e infiltração de células-tronco mesenquimais autólogas. Para isso, foram feitos ensaios clínicos randomizados, aberto, com cegamento dos grupos experimentais, com 18 pacientes diagnosticados com pseudoartrose divididos em dois grupos: grupo controle, formado por 9 pacientes e grupo experimental, também com 9 pacientes. A idade média do grupo foi de 38,3 anos e a maioria se autodeclarou pardo ou negro. O nível de escolaridade mostrou-se baixo, com 72 % dos participantes não tendo concluído o Ensino Médio. Cinco pacientes foram tratados com uso de haste metálica e apenas três tiveram a colocação de fixador externo. O tempo de doença (pseudoartrose) e o tempo cirúrgico não mostraram influenciar no desfecho. Em relação... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Pseudoarhrosis is defined such as no radiographic evidence during consolidation fracture process. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells, multipotent, capable of proliferating and originating cells of any lineage, forming any tissue of the body. Animal studies have shown that using bone marrow containing stromal cells improves the results of pseudoarthrosis treatment, but the results are still experimental and require further testing with a significant number of patients to demonstrate their safety and efficacy. Thus, this study aims to compare the traditional method of treatment of tibial pseudoarthrosis, performed with the use of external fixator, rod or plate and screw with the combined treatment of the use of conventional techniques and infiltration of autologous mesenchymal stem cells. For this, randomized, open-label clinical trials with blinded experimental groups were performed with 18 patients diagnosed with pseudoarthrosis divided into two groups: a control group consisting of 9 patients and an experimental group, also with 9 patients. The mean age of the group was 38.3 years old and the majority self-declared brown or black. The level of schooling was low, with 72% of the participants not having finished high school. Five patients were treated with metal rod and only three had external fixator placement. Disease duration (pseudoarthrosis) and surgical time did not influence the outcome. Regarding the clinical outcome, patients treated with the combination of convent... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Yamamoto, Marcos Kazuo. "Necessidade de reabordagem cirúrgica após tratamento de fraturas mandibulares por fixação interna rígida." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23149/tde-18112010-124009/.
Full textMandibular fractures are frequent and their treatment is through rigid internal fixation (RIF). Complications can occur after treatment of the mandibular fractures which may require a new surgical procedure, and there are a few studies about that in the literature. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the characteristics, possible risk factors, and the kinds of treatment did in patients which needed another surgery after treatment of mandibular fracture with RIF. From 364 patients with mandibular fractures treated by RIF, there were 17 patients (4.7%) with need of a new surgery, and 3 patients coming from another city were included, comprising a total of 20 patients who needed a new surgery. There was predominance of the male gender, with a mean age of 31.4 years, being frequent smoking and alcohol abuse. Multiple and comminuted fractures on the body and angle sites, teeth in the fracture line, and intraorally exposed fractures were frequent. Delay time to the first surgery was high, and extraoral approaches and system 2.0mm were predominant. The most common complications were pain, infection and abnormal mobility. In the bacterial culture there was predominance of Staphylococcus aureus, and the most frequent radiographic images were of diffuse bone resorption, loosening of screws, bone sequestration, fracture line visible, loose fixation, and fractured plate. A new surgery occurred with a mean of 7.5 months after the first intervention and comprised plate and screws removal associated or not to a new fixation or bone sequestra removal, and only a case the fracture needed to be osteotomized. Histologically there was predominance of chronic osteomyelitis. The diagnoses in decreasing order were infection, nonunion, osteomyelitis and exposed plate, although many patients had more than one diagnosis. It was evidenced the frequency of smoking and alcohol abuse, multiple and comminuted fracture on the body and angle regions, teeth in the fracture line, intraoral fracture exposition, high delay time and extraoral approaches predisposing complications of the mandibular fractures, and images showing bony resorption, loose hardware and bone sequestra, as well as histological diagnosis of osteomyelitis as characteristic of the cases requiring a new surgery.
Lenza, Mário [UNIFESP]. "Intervenções para o tratamento de fratura e pseudartrose da clavícula em adultos e adolescentes: revisão sistemática." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9772.
Full textObjetivo: Avaliar a efetividade dos diferentes métodos de tratamento da fratura e pseudartrose do terço médio da clavícula em adultos e adolescentes. Métodos: Estratégia de busca: abrangeu CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE e LILACS. Não houve restrições de idioma ou meios de publicações. A última estratégia de busca foi realizada em julho de 2009. Critério de seleção: foram incluídos ensaios clínicos randomizados e quase-randomizados que avaliaram o tratamento de fratura aguda e pseudartrose do terço médio da clavícula em adultos e adolescentes. Os desfechos primários foram: dor, qualidade de vida/função do ombro e falha do tratamento. Coleta e análise dos dados: dois autores, independentemente, selecionaram os estudos elegíveis, avaliaram a qualidade metodológica e extraíram os dados. Calculou-se o risco relativo com 95% de intervalo de confiança para as variáveis dicotômicas; para variáveis contínuas, a diferença entre as médias foi calculada com 95% de intervalo de confiança. Quando possível, os estudos foram agrupados. Resultados: Intervenções não cirúrgicas: dois estudos compararam imobilização em oito versus tipoia. Ambos possuíam baixo poder estatístico e alto risco de viés. Houve maiores níveis de dor e desconforto durante o tratamento nos pacientes submetidos à imobilização em oito. Um terceiro estudo, com baixo risco de viés, mas baixo poder estatístico, avaliou o ultrassom terapêutico. Não houve diferenças significantes entre o ultrassom de baixa intensidade e placebo nos desfechos avaliados. Intervenções não cirúrgicas versus cirúrgicas: Quatro estudos, dois com moderado e dois com alto risco de viés foram incluídos. Dois estudos compararam fixação com placa versus tipoia, com resultados favoráveis ao tratamento cirúrgico ao avaliar falha do tratamento e qualidade de vida/função do ombro. Outros dois estudos compararam fixação intramedular versus tratamento não cirúrgico; a cirurgia foi superior para os desfechos dor e qualidade de vida/função do ombro. Intervenções cirúrgicas: quatro estudos com baixo poder estatístico, cada qual avaliando diferentes comparações, foram incluídos; três possuíam alto risco de viés. Um estudo comparou placa de compressão de baixo contato com placa de compressão dinâmica em pseudartrose da clavícula; os pacientes tratados com placa de baixo contato apresentaram evolução melhor para: função do ombro, consolidação, retorno ao trabalho e menor incidência de sintomas relacionados ao implante. Outro estudo comparou fixação intramedular com pinos de Knowles versus fixação com placa para o tratamento de fratura aguda e pseudartrose da clavícula; a fixação intramedular acarretou em menor consumo de analgésicos após a cirurgia, menor número de complicações associadas ao implante e menor tempo cirúrgico e de internação. Um terceiro estudo, com baixo risco de viés, concluiu que a técnica de fixação tridimensional com placa ocasionou menor incidência de retardo de consolidação em relação à fixação na face superior das fraturas agudas da clavícula. Um último estudo avaliou a fixação intramedular das fraturas agudas da clavícula comparando redução fechada versus redução aberta. Houve diferenças significativas em favor da redução fechada quando avaliados os desfechos primários. Conclusão: os ensaios clínicos disponíveis na literatura não apresentam qualidade metodológica adequada e/ou poder estatístico apropriado, portanto, não há evidência suficiente para determinar quais os mais apropriados métodos de tratamento para a fratura e pseudartrose do terço médio da clavícula. Há uma tendência de melhores resultados funcionais e radiográficos a favor das intervenções cirúrgicas quando comparadas às intervenções não cirúrgicas.
Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of different methods of treatment for acute fracture or non-union of the middle third of the clavicle in adults and adolescents. Methods: Search strategy: We searched the Cochrane Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma Group Specialised Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, trial registries and reference lists of articles. No language or publication restrictions were applied. Selection criteria: Randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials evaluating any intervention for treating fractures or non-union of the middle third of the clavicle were considered. The primary outcomes were pain, treatment failure and health-related quality of life or shoulder function. Data collection and analysis: Two authors independently selected eligible trials and three authors assessed methodological quality and cross-checked data extraction. Results: Conservative interventions: Three trials were included in this comparison. Two trials compared the figure-of-eight bandage with sling in a total of 234 participants. Both trials were underpowered and compromised by poor methodology. One trial found slightly higher pain levels in the bandage group at 15 days, and the other trial reported greater discomfort during bandage wear. There were no significant differences in functional or other outcomes reported for either trial. The third trial, which evaluated therapeutic ultrasound in 120 participants, was also underpowered but had a low risk of bias. The trial found no statistically significant difference between low-intensity pulsed ultrasound and placebo in the time to clinical fracture healing or in any of the other reported outcomes. Surgical versus conservative interventions: Four studies, two with moderate and two with high risk of bias were included. Two compared plate fixation versus sling; plate fixation showed better patient-based upper extremity outcome scores and less treatment failure. Other two trials comparing intramedullary fixation versus conservative interventions presented better upper limb function to the surgery treatment. Surgical interventions: Data from four small trials, each testing a different comparison, were included. Three trials had design features that carry a high risk of bias, limiting the strength of their findings. Low-contact dynamic compression plates appeared to be associated with significantly better upper-limb function throughout the year following surgery, earlier fracture union and return to work, and a reduced incidence of implant-associated symptoms when compared with a standard dynamic compression plate in 36 adults with symptomatic non-union of the middle third of the clavicle. One study (69 participants) compared the Knowles pin versus plate for treating middle third clavicle fractures or non-union. Knowles pins appeared to be associated with lower pain levels and use of post-operative analgesics, reduced incidence of implant-associated symptoms, and shorter operation time and hospital stay. One study (133 participants) found that a three-dimensional technique for fixation with a reconstruction plate was associated with a significantly lower incidence of symptomatic delayed union than a standard superior position surgical approach. One study (201 participants) assessed the intramedullary fixation for treating acute clavicle fractures comparing closed and opened reduction; there were statistical significant differences in favour of closed reduction with percutaneous fixation for the primary outcomes. Conclusion: There is limited evidence, from single trials only, regarding the effectiveness of different methods for treating fracture and non-union of the middle third of the clavicle. Further research is warranted.
TEDE
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
Bobadilla, Narvaez Víctor Manuel. "“RESULTADOS CLÍNICOS Y RADIOLÓGICOS DE LA APLICACIÓN PERCUTÁNEA DEL PLASMA RICO EN PLAQUETAS EN TRES OCASIONES EN PACIENTES POSTOPERADOS CON PSEUDOARTROSIS, EN EL CENTRO MEDICO ISSEMYM DE ENERO DEL 2011 A JULIO DEL 2012”." Tesis de Licenciatura, Medicina-Quimica, 2013. http://ri.uaemex.mx/handle/20.500.11799/13990.
Full textRosa, João Pedro Farinha. "Tratamento da pseudartrose proximal do escafoide cárpico." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/83819.
Full textIntrodução: A fratura do escafoide é a fratura mais frequente dos ossos do carpo e a segunda com maior incidência ao nível do membro superior. Pela sintomatologia discreta, diagnóstico difícil e pelo seu suprimento sanguíneo precário e terminal, as fraturas localizadas na porção proximal do escafoide estão mais propensas à pseudartrose e à necrose avascular do fragmento ósseo proximal, quando não tratadas adequadamente e em tempo útil. A evolução natural da pseudartrose do escafoide é para uma artrose do punho, situação conhecida por SNAC (“scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse”). Atualmente, o tratamento da pseudartrose proximal do escafoide é cirúrgico, com fixação interna e sempre com a aplicação de enxerto ósseo, sendo este vascularizado ou não vascularizado, com indicações que são ainda motivo de controvérsia científica. O objectivo deste trabalho é tentar esclarecer as indicações de cada uma destas técnicas. Materiais e métodos: Foi efectuada uma pesquisa na PUBMED e na Base de artigos da Biblioteca Central dos Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra, de onde foram selecionados estudos que utilizassem a técnica de enxerto ósseo vascularizado ou não vascularizado, no tratamento da pseudartrose proximal do escafoide cárpico, tendo sido seleccionados 6 artigos que correspondiam aos nossos critérios. Pela inexistência de estudos comparativos específicos para as pseudartroses proximais, foram também seleccionados dois estudos comparativos entre as duas técnicas de enxerto, mas relativamente a todas as localizações de pseudartrose do escafoide. Resultados: As taxas de consolidação nos diversos estudos foram variáveis, entre 67,8 e 100 %, sendo que foi atingido pleno de consolidação em alguns estudos, com ambas as técnicas de enxerto. Por outro lado, as taxas mais baixas de consolidação foram verificadas em estudos com a técnica de enxerto ósseo não vascularizado. A necrose avascular do fragmento ósseo proximal foi verificada em diversos pacientes, e nestes casos foram atingidas altas taxas de consolidação com ambas as técnicas. Todavia, num dos estudos comparativos a taxa de consolidação foi significativamente inferior quando se aplicou enxerto ósseo não vascularizado, sendo a presença de necrose avascular o fator considerado influenciador. Em termos clínicos e funcionais, verificaram-se melhorias significativas relativamente ao pré-operatório, não existindo diferenças significativas entre as duas técnicas quando a consolidação da pseudartrose foi alcançada. Nos casos em que se registou consolidação da pseudartrose, não houve evolução para artrose do punho. Discussão: A técnica de enxerto ósseo não vascularizado é cirurgicamente menos complexa, não implica a dissecação de pedículo vascular, nem técnicas microcirúrgicas para realização de anastomoses. Os enxertos ósseos do dorso do rádio distal, vascularizados ou não, pela sua proximidade ao escafoide e usando uma única incisão cirúrgica dorsal, tornam-se vantajosos em relação a outras localizações. A falta de consenso científico na escolha dos métodos de avaliação clinica e funcional dos diversos estudos e de trabalhos com um número significativo de casos, tornam difícil tirar conclusões acerca do valor de cada uma das técnicas de enxerto ósseo com um nível de evidência consistente. De igual forma, o tempo de seguimento pós-operatório não permite conhecer a evolução do processo degenerativo do punho. Conclusão: A aplicação de enxerto ósseo não vascularizado é o método de eleição no tratamento da pseudartrose proximal do escafoide cárpico. O enxerto ósseo vascularizado deve ser reservado para casos seleccionados, nomeadamente na presença de necrose avascular do fragmento proximal, apesar de continuar a ser uma matéria de controvérsia científica
Introduction: The scaphoid is the most commonly fractured carpal bone and is the second in terms of incidence in fractures of the superior member. Through its mild symptoms, difficult diagnosis, and its precarious and terminal blood supply, fractures located in the proximal part of the scaphoid are more prone to nonunion and avascular necrosis of the proximal bone fragment, if not treated adequately and in a timely manner. When the nonunion of scaphoid is left untreated, osteoarthritis of the wrist develops in a situation known as SNAC (“scaphoid non-union advanced collapse”). Currently, treatment of proximal scaphoid nonunion is surgery, with internal fixation, and always with the application of bone graft, which is vascularized or non-vascularized, with indications that are still a matter of scientific controversy. The objective of this study is to clarify the indications of each of these techniques. Material and Methods: A search was conducted on PUBMED and on the Article base of the Central Library of the Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra, from which, studies that utilized vascularized or non-vascularized bone grafting techniques in the treatment of proximal nonunion of the carpal scaphoid were selected, being that six articles corresponded to our criteria. Because of the inexistence of comparative studies for this specific scaphoid location, were also selected two studies comparing the two techniques of graft, but for all locations of scaphoid nonunions. Results: Union rates presented in the diverse studies varied between 67.8 and 100 %, being that complete union was achieved in some studies with both grafting techniques. Moreover, the low rates of union were verified in studies of the non-vascularized bone graft. Avascular necrosis of the proximal bone fragment was found in several patients, and in these cases, high union ratios were achieved with both techniques. However, in one of the comparative studies, the union rate was significantly inferior when non-vascularized bone grafts was applied, and the presence of avascular necrosis was considered the influencing factor. In clinical and functional terms, there were significant improvements relative to the preoperative and no significant differences exist between the two techniques when union was achieved. In those cases where union was achieved, no osteoarthritis changes were verified. Discussion: The non-vascularized bone grafting technique is surgically less complex and implicates neither the dissection of the vascular pedicle nor microsurgical techniques for the realization of anastomoses. Vascularized or non-vascularized bone grafts of the dorsum of the distal radius require a single surgical dorsal incision due to its proximity to the scaphoid, therefore becoming advantageous in comparison to grafts of other areas. The lack of scientific consensus in the selection of clinical and functional evaluation methods in the diverse studies and studies with a larger number of patients, makes it difficult to reach conclusions about the value of each bone grafting techniques with a level of consistent evidence. Similarly, the length of postoperative follow-up, is not provides information about the evolution of the degenerative process of the wrist. Conclusion: The use of non-vascularized bone graft is the method of choice in the treatment of proximal nonunion of the carpal scaphoid. The vascularized bone graft should be reserved for selected cases, particularly in the presence of avascular necrosis of the proximal fragment, although it remains a matter of scientific controversy