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Perkel, J. M. "LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES: The Digital PCR Revolution." Science 344, no. 6180 (April 10, 2014): 212–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.344.6180.212.
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Kent, Stephen B. H. "The critical role of peptide chemistry in the life sciences." Journal of Peptide Science 21, no. 3 (February 3, 2015): 136–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/psc.2754.
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Ogden, Joy. "What does the future hold for life sciences in the UK?" Prescriber 29, no. 7 (July 2018): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/psb.1685.
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Rampelotto, Pabulo Henrique. "The Brazilian Life Science Industry: Advances and Challenges." Industrial Biotechnology 12, no. 1 (February 2016): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ind.2016.29026.phr.
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Anon. "News & notes. Graduate education programs in life sciences should curtail growth." Public Health Reports 114, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/phr/114.1.9.
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Yaşaroğlu, Cihat. "Examining the values in life science curriculum in terms of “consistency”." Participatory Educational Research 2, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17275/per.14.21.2.1.
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Valasek, Mark A., and Joyce J. Repa. "The power of real-time PCR." Advances in Physiology Education 29, no. 3 (September 2005): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00019.2005.
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In recent years, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has emerged as a robust and widely used methodology for biological investigation because it can detect and quantify very small amounts of specific nucleic acid sequences. As a research tool, a major application of this technology is the rapid and accurate assessment of changes in gene expression as a result of physiology, pathophysiology, or development. This method can be applied to model systems to measure responses to experimental stimuli and to gain insight into potential changes in protein level and function. Thus physiology can be correlated with molecular events to gain a better understanding of biological processes. For clinical molecular diagnostics, real-time PCR can be used to measure viral or bacterial loads or evaluate cancer status. Here, we discuss the basic concepts, chemistries, and instrumentation of real-time PCR and include present applications and future perspectives for this technology in biomedical sciences and in life science education.
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Cano, Stefan J., Anne Klassen, and Andrea L. Pusic. "The Science behind Quality-of-Life Measurement: A Primer for Plastic Surgeons." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 123, no. 3 (March 2009): 98e—106e. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/prs.0b013e31819565c1.
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YILMAZ, Ferat. "Temperate but not Brave Children: Character Strengths in Life Science Course Curriculum." Participatory Educational Research 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 409–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17275/per.97.51.8.4.
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Morgan, Peter. "The PRS Yearbook of Medical and Life Sciences Information Providers 2002." Health Information and Libraries Journal 20, no. 1 (March 2003): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-1842.2003.00412.x.
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Lewis, Daniel. "Review: Field Life: Science in the American West During the Railroad Era, By Jeremy Vetter." Pacific Historical Review 87, no. 2 (2018): 375–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2018.87.2.375.
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Lazakidou, Athina, Maria Petridou, and Dimitra Iliopoulou. "Computational Modeling and Simulations in Life Sciences." International Journal of Systems Biology and Biomedical Technologies 2, no. 2 (April 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsbbt.2013040101.
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Billions of math operations per second may be performed by computers anymore. Obviously, a human life-time would be needed to do the same number of computations. When used in medication, the groundbreaking potential of the mathematical modeling approach is obvious. In Medicine, mathematical modeling is able to vastly improve both drug creation and clinic technology. Progress in technology and the development of new experimental methods has had a noteworthy effect on the study of disease. This has raised new researching opportunities, such as: gathering in-depth ‘molecular fingerprints’ from patients carrying information, for example, on genotype, gene or protein expression, or metabolism levels; studying intracellular processes in living and diseased tissue through the control of gene activity inside the cells; and creating understandable illness-specific databases that include both patients’ medical history with laboratory and clinical data in addition to storing useful tissue samples. In this article, the authors attempt to provide the readers with a view of current and future use of mathematical modeling in medicine.
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Benchimol, Jaime Larry. "Health and life sciences in Portugal, Brazil and Africa: foray into the yellow fever." Revista Estudos do Século XX, no. 12 (2012): 47–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1647-8622_12_3.
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Rezaev, Andrey V., and Natalia D. Tregubova. "Artificial Intelligence and Artificial Sociality." Epistemology & Philosophy of Science 56, no. 4 (2019): 183–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/eps201956475.
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The paper aims to formulate theoretical and methodological foundations as well as basic research questions for studying intervention of artificial intelligence in everyday life of medical and life sciences in the 21 century. It is an invitation for professional philosophical, theoretical and methodological discussion about the necessity and reality of artificial intelligence in contemporary medical/life sciences and medicine. The authors commence with a proposition of their definitions of ‘artificial intelligence’ (AI) and ‘artificial sociality’ (AS). The next section of the paper deals with a review of basic trends in medical/life sciences and medicine. In what follows the authors debate two problems related to incorporation of AI in reality of current medicine. The first is the potential revision of the principles developed in western medicine; the second is the alteration of the contents and forms of medical education. The authors theorize the dynamic interplay between structural expansion and cultural contraction of medicine and life sciences in current practices of higher education and explore how this introduces an essential tension between the necessity and reality for medical professionals to work with AI. The paper shows that attending to institutional dynamics serves as a critical and timely extension of disciplinary/cross/anti-disciplinary critiques of science and medicine, not only since the current inclusion agenda of the AI in medicine may do little to address the real concerns of a medical profession in the XXI century but also because it may inadvertently undermine the institutional recognition and epistemic acceptance of new anti-disciplinary vista for studying AI per se. In conclusion the authors underline basic outcomes of the discussion and propose further routes for inquiry and research.
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Lukaszewski, Aaron W., David M. G. Lewis, Patrick K. Durkee, Aaron N. Sell, Daniel Sznycer, and David M. Buss. "An Adaptationist Framework for Personality Science." European Journal of Personality 34, no. 6 (December 2020): 1151–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2292.
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The field of personality psychology aspires to construct an overarching theory of human nature and individual differences: one that specifies the psychological mechanisms that underpin both universal and variable aspects of thought, emotion, and behaviour. Here, we argue that the adaptationist toolkit of evolutionary psychology provides a powerful meta–theory for characterizing the psychological mechanisms that give rise to within–person, between–person, and cross–cultural variations. We first outline a mechanism–centred adaptationist framework for personality science, which makes a clear ontological distinction between (i) psychological mechanisms designed to generate behavioural decisions and (ii) heuristic trait concepts that function to perceive, describe, and influence others behaviour and reputation in everyday life. We illustrate the utility of the adaptationist framework by reporting three empirical studies. Each study supports the hypothesis that the anger programme—a putative emotional adaptation—is a behaviour–regulating mechanism whose outputs are described in the parlance of the person description factor called ‘Agreeableness’. We conclude that the most productive way forward is to build theory–based models of specific psychological mechanisms, including their culturally evolved design features, until they constitute a comprehensive depiction of human nature and its multifaceted variations. © 2020 European Association of Personality Psychology
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Morelli, Giancarlo. "The exciting role of peptides in life science at the 16th Naples Workshop on Bioactive Peptides." Journal of Peptide Science 25, no. 5 (April 7, 2019): e3169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/psc.3169.
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Beisenbayeva, Lyazzat, and Yücel Gelişli. "Comparison of social studies, Turkish Republic Revolution History and Kemalism, History of Kazakhstan and World History curricula in the secondary education in Turkey and the Republic of Kazakhstan." International Journal of Human Sciences 13, no. 1 (January 27, 2016): 532. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/ijhs.v13i1.3571.
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The aim of this study is to make a comparison between history topics in Social Sciences course, Ataturk's Principles and History of Turkish Revolution course in secondary schools in Turkey and History of Kazakhstan and World History courses in secondary schools in Kazakhstan. This study that has adopted qualitative research methods is a comparative educational research. Data has been collected through data analysis method. In the study, the curriculum of Social Sciences course and Ataturk's Principles and History of Turkish Revolution course in secondary schools in Turkey and the curriculum of History of Kazakhstan and World History courses in secondary schools in Kazakhstan have been compared in terms of objectives, content and weekly course schedule.<br />Findings show that subject that is based on historical content take place as units in 5th, 6th and 7th grade Social Sciences course. Social Sciences course is three hours per week for 5th and 6th graders. History topics in Social Sciences course include first states in Anatolia, Huns that is the first Turkish state, Turkish states founded in Central Asia, Turks' migration to Anatolia, foundation and development of Ottoman states, science, art and economic structure. Additionally, the rise of Islam, states founded by Muslims, conversion of the Turks to Islam, development of science and art are among the history topics, as well. In 8th grade, for Ataturk's Principles and History of Turkish Revolution course, students attend two hours of lecture per week. This course covers foundation of the Republic of Turkey, Ataturk's life, Ataturk's Principles and political developments of the related period. In Turkish secondary schools, there is not a course on world history. On the other hand, in Kazakhstan, for the History of Kazakhstan, 5th grade students attend one hour of lecture while 6th, 7th and 8th grade students attend two hours of lecture per week. In the curriculum of the History of Kazakhstan, Turkish states founded in Kazakhstan starts with the Sakas and it covers Turkish states in history, their foundation, development and improvements in science, art and economy. Additionally, 6th, 7th and 8th grade students attend one hour of lecture for the World History course. This course includes topics such as states founded in Asia, Europe, America and Africa, foundation and development of Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey that are among states founded by Turks in Anatolia and developments in science, art and economic structure of the related states.
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Bojanic, Sanja. "Plurality is a conditio per quam of all political life." Filozofija i drustvo 31, no. 2 (2020): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fid2002141b.
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The book Phenomenology of Plurality: Hannah Arendt on Political Intersubjectivity is a contribution not only to the phenomenological tradition of thought and Hannah Arendt studies, but also political science and, most importantly, political philosophy. Sophie Loidolt advances an intervention that stands in contrast to contemporary phenomenological research which in certain times have had the tendency to perform depoliticized examination of the self and sociality, actually revealing the intention of Phenomenology of Plurality to articulate the numerous elements that comprise the methodological novelty with which Arendt changes the theory of the political.
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Majeed, Bivragh, Lei Zhang, Giuseppe Fiorentino, Greet Verbinnen, Huma Ashraf, Edward Walsby, Kerry Roberts, et al. "Silicon microfluidics: An enabling technology for life sciences application." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2017, no. 1 (October 1, 2017): 000188–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2017-wa21_155.
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Abstract In this paper we review the silicon microfabrication process that has been developed for various life science applications over the last several years. Silicon microfabrication is a key enabling technology in the developing personalized point of care or point of need systems. Silicon microfabrication allows for accurate control of fine features and it can combine active and passive components within a single chip. It is also very reliable, repeatable and it benefits from cost reduction due to mass production capabilities Depending on the application, we have fabricated devices with either a single silicon etch or a two-step approach. Single step etches are typically 250–280μm deep. Two-step etching, the shallow features are 50μm while deeper are 250μm. We have developed an optimized deep silicon etch process that gives very straight profiles with minimum loss of critical dimension (CD) for different features. The minimum CD is 3μm while the largest features are 500μm wide The etching was done an SPTS Rapier DRIE system. We describe the working principles of the various components in the system including PCR and micropillar filters. The filter has been used for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It exhibits very low broadening of the components travelling through it and separation of a mixture of coumarin dyes is efficiently performed in a very short time. A micro PCR chamber with thermal isolation to the surrounding silicon is characterized and DNA amplification is achieved.
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Stevenson, David K. "American Pediatric Society Presidential Address 2006: Science on the Edge With Life in the Balance." Pediatric Research 60, no. 5 (November 2006): 630–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1203/01.pdr.0000242308.49575.51.
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Minicucci, Jeffrey M. "Elkanah Billings: The Lawyer Who Revealed the Ancient Life of the Past." Geoscience Canada 43, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2016.43.101.
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Elkanah Billings is an important, historical example of a 19th century Ontario lawyer who made a contribution to Canadian life by engaging in a pursuit outside the practice of law. An accomplished autodidact (i.e. a self-taught expert) and renowned as the father of Canadian paleontology, Billings has the distinction of being claimed by the global paleontological and geological professional communities, and by the Ontario legal profession. Although some researchers have alleged that Billings had abused alcohol during his life, he nonetheless managed to establish a remarkable career as a paleontologist. He applied the researching, analytical, and argumentative skills that he had acquired during his years of training and practice as a lawyer to the science of paleontology enabling him to peel back the layers of time to reveal the ancient life of the past. In view of his strengths, weaknesses, and professional accomplishments, the example of Billings’ history potentially becomes increasingly relevant in the effort to reinforce the importance of ethics and professional responsibility among earth science and evolutionary biology professionals and to promote a shared sense of professional community and heritage. The example of Billings’ history also presents a golden opportunity for the synthesist to nurture a closer connection between the law and science in the form of interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary dialogue and collaboration.RÉSUMÉElkanah Billings est un important exemple historique d’un avocat Ontarienne du XIXe siècle qui a apporté une contribution à la vie Canadienne en se livrant à une poursuite en dehors de la pratique du droit. Autodidacte accompli et reconnu comme le père de la paléontologie canadienne, Billings a la paricularité d’être revendiqué par les communautés professionnelles paléontologiques et géologiques mondiales, et par la profession juridique de l’Ontario. Bien que certains chercheurs ont affirmé que Billings avait abusé de l’alcool au cours de sa vie, il a réussi néanmoins à établir une carrière remarquable en tant que paléontologue. Il a appliqué la recherche, d’analyse, et les compétences argumentatives qu’il avait acquises au cours de ses années de formation et de pratique comme avocat à la science de la paléontologie qui lui permet de décoller les couches de temps pour révéler l’ancienne vie du passé. Compte tenu de ses points forts, les faiblesses et les réalisations professionnelles, l’exemple de l’histoire Billings devient potentiellement plus pertinent dans les efforts visant à renforcer l’importance de l’éthique et de la responsabilité professionnelle des sciences de la terre et les professionnels de la biologie de l’évolution et de promouvoir un sens partagé de la communauté professionnelle et le patrimoine. L’exemple de l’histoire Billings présente également une occasion en or pour le synthésiste d’entretenir un lien plus étroit entre la loi et la science sous la forme de dialogue et de collaboration interdisciplinaire ou multidisciplinaire.
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Mirskaya, Elena. "National Scientific Communities in the Globalized World: Global ICTs as a Tool of Modernization among the Russian Academic Community." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 6, no. 4 (2007): 557–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156914907x253198.
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AbstractContinuous growth in the use of modern information and communication technologies (ICTs) in science essentially expands the potentialities of scientists to receive the topical scientific information and to extend the professional communication that are the crucial elements for producing the new scientific knowledge. At the same time, these global technologies after becoming an integral part of the national sciences create and promote the new forms of organizing research corresponding to the globalized world science; that is, modern ICTs per se appear as a tool of globalization and transition to the information society. Both mentioned aspects of ICTs influence give enough motivation to investigate the real processes in those scientific communities that are assimilating this innovation. It is important to note that before our study, the productivity of ICTs within the sciences was not proved, although in principle it was not doubted. This article analyzes the process of ICTs assimilation in the Russian academic community (1994-2004), including dynamics of indicators characterizing not only the level of ICTs use but also their act on professional life and productivity of scientists as well. On the basis of empirical data from Russia obtained during 10 years of sociological monitoring, the research reveals the positive correlation between the level of ICTs use by scientists and their professional success. The new “virtual” types of science organizations, such as virtual laboratories and a grid system, that are considered as offshoots of globalization, are not typical to Russian academic science, which keeps safe a more traditional style. Nonetheless, some issues connected with the long-term prospects of e-science are also discussed.
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Puciato, Daniel, Paweł F. Nowak, Cezary Kuśnierz, and Andrzej Bunio. "Health behaviors as determinants of the quality of life of the elderly." Physical Activity Review 8, no. 2 (2020): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/par.2020.08.21.
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Background: Quality of life is a subject of research by representatives of various fields of science, including psychology, sociology, economics, and medicine. The results of some previous studies show that the quality of life of elderly people is related to their health behaviors. The aim of the study was to assess the relationships between the quality of life, considered in general and in detail, and health behaviors of healthy and ill elderly people from the Opolskie Voivodeship (Poland). Methods: 105 people (81 women and 24 men) participated in the study, including 61 patients and 44 healthy people, aged from 60 to 89 years. The average age of respondents was 71.2 ± 6.4 years. The main research method was the diagnostic questionnaire survey. The Health Behavior Inventory and R. Cummins’s Comprehensive Quality of Life Scale were used. Results: The study results showed that the average value of the health behavior index in healthy respondents was significantly higher than in patients. The analysis of particular categories of health behaviors revealed that healthy persons declared normal eating habits more often than patients. The mean value of the general quality of life index was significantly higher in healthy respondents than in patients. Health status also significantly differentiated the quality of life in favor of healthy individuals in the domains of health and intimacy. In the analyzed group of respondents, health behaviors significantly determined the quality of life of patients only. The odds that the quality of life of patients are above average were greater in patients with average and higher health behavior indices than in patients with low health behavior indices. Conclusion: Measures of quality of life improvement should also be aimed at increasing the prevalence of health behaviors in the elderly.
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Santos, Shayane Bezerra dos, Ana Paula De Araújo Machado, Larissa Alves Sampaio, Luiz Carlos De Abreu, and Italla Maria Pinheiro Bezerra. "Sífilis adquirida: construção e validação de tecnologia educativa para adolescentes." Journal of Human Growth and Development 29, no. 1 (May 6, 2019): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.157752.
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Introdução: Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), a sífilis voltou a ser uma doença de alta prevalência, apresentando-se como um grave problema de saúde pública. Esta Infecção Sexualmente Transmissível (IST) está presente em todos os estratos sociais, países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento, nos portadores do vírus do HIV tanto quanto imunocompetentes, em homens e mulheres.
Objetivo: Validar um álbum seriado direcionado para adolescentes no ambiente escolar.
Método: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo metodológico, no qual se refere a investigações dos métodos de obtenção e organização de dados para construir, validar e avaliar instrumentos e técnicas de pesquisa que possam posteriormente ser utilizados por outras pessoas.
As etapas metodológicas são: levantamento bibliográfico, construção do álbum seriado, validação junto aos juízes especialistas e validação com público alvo. Após a obtenção dos dados, a análise dar-se-á pelo software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), versão 20.0, dispondoos, posteriormente, em tabelas. Este projeto de pesquisa será submetido a um Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa Envolvendo Seres Humanos delegado pela Comissão Nacional de Ética em Pesquisa (CONEP) através da Plataforma Brasil, conforme Resolução 466/12.
Inovação: Este é o primeiro trabalho com objetivo de validar um álbum seriado direcionado para adolescentes no ambiente escolar, desenvolvido por profissionais especialistas no assunto e com capacidade de disponibilizar informações importantes, resultando em medidas preventiva que influenciam diretamente nos serviços de saúde.
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Smith, Kelly C. "Life is hard: countering definitional pessimism concerning the definition of life." International Journal of Astrobiology 15, no. 4 (September 16, 2016): 277–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550416000021.
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AbstractCleland and Chyba published a classic piece in 2002 that began a movement I call definitional pessimism, where it is argued that there is no point in attempting anything like a general definition of life. This paper offers a critical response to the pessimist position in general and the influential arguments offered by Cleland and her collaborators in particular. One such argument is that all definitions of life fall short of an ideal in which necessary and sufficient conditions produce unambiguous categorizations that dispose of all counterexamples. But this concept of definition is controversial within philosophy; a fact that greatly diminishes the force of the admonition that biologists should conform to such an ideal. Moreover, biology may well be fundamentally different from logic and the physical sciences from which this ideal is drawn, to the point where definitional conformity misrepresents biological reality. Another idea often pushed is that the prospects for definitional success concerning life are on a par with medieval alchemy's attempts to define matter – that is, doomed to fail for lack of a unifying scientific theory. But this comparison to alchemy is both historically inaccurate and unfair. Planetary science before the discovery of the first exoplanets offers a much better analogy, with much more optimistic conclusions. The pessimists also make much of the desirability of using microbes as models for any universal concept of life, from which they conclude that certain types of ‘Darwinian’ evolutionary definitions are inadequate. But this argument posits an unrealistic ideal, as no account of life can both be universal and do justice to the sorts of precise causal mechanisms microbes exemplify. The character of biology and the demand for universality in definitions of life thus probably accords better with functional rather than structural categories. The bottom line is that there is simply no viable alternative, either pragmatically or theoretically, to the pursuit of definitions. If nothing else, the empirical data the pessimists demand will be a very long time coming and scientists will of necessity continue to employ definitions of life in the interim. Chastising them for this will only drive their ideas underground where they can escape critical analysis, making the problems caused by problematic conceptions of life worse.
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Kitchin, William. "The Place of Biopolitics in the Political Science Curriculum." Politics and the Life Sciences 5, no. 1 (August 1986): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0730938400001556.
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Biopolitics should be offered as a separate, independent course in the undergraduate curriculum, and graduate training should be offered within the rubric of political science. The primary reason that biopolitical materials should be covered in the undergraduate, liberal arts curriculum is that there is a need to train students to be vigilant, i.e., to have a critical capacity to confront ideas. Since so much of their lives will be intertwined with the political and so much of the political is better explained by considering biopolitical variables than by not considering them, students need exposure and academic coverage of biopolitical concepts and findings. Biopolitics represents only minor change in the general behavioralistic framework of explaining political phenomena, but represents the introduction into political science of some concepts and variables more widely used in the life sciences. Because biopolitical materials are high in quantity and because they are per se important and increase the explanatory power of traditional behavioralism, a biopolitics course belongs in the political science curriculum. The preparation of qualified teachers and researchers argues for graduate training in biopolitics. Without such graduate training in political science departments, the biopolitical inquiry will primarily be undertaken in disciplines other than political science.
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López, Daniela Griselda. "La noción de “Mundo de la vida” en el proyecto de Alfred Schutz para una fundamentación fenomenológica de las ciencias sociales." Investigaciones Fenomenológicas, no. 4-II (February 11, 2021): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/rif.4-ii.2013.29800.
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El tema de la prioridad conceptual del mundo de la vida con relación a cualquier especulación científica abstracta es el tema recurrente en los escritos tempranos de Alfred Schutz. En ellos, la reflexión en torno al mundo de la vida se constituye como la base y el fundamento para la posterior formación de conceptos en ciencias sociales. Particularmente inten-tamos recuperar lo puede denominarse como “reivindicación epistémica” (epistemic claim) de una sociología del mundo de la vida. Esa reivindicación se enmarca en el proyecto schutziano de fundamentación fenomenológica de las ciencias sociales, cuyos orígenes pueden rastrearse en las discusiones entabladas en el marco de la Escuela Austríaca de Economía. La reconstrucción de este debate nos permitió pensar el vínculo entre mundo de la vida y razón científica, de modo tal de evitar la sustitución de la realidad social por las idealidades y abstraccio-nes creadas por la ciencia.The question of conceptual priority of the life-world in relation to any abstract scientific speculation is a recurrent topic in Alfred Schutz´s early writings. There, the reflection on the life- world is constituted as the basis and the foundation for the posterior formation of concepts in social sciences. In particular, we will try to regain something that we could name “an epistemic claim” of a sociology of the life-world. This claim is part of Schutz’s project of phenomenological foundation of social sciences, which origins can be found in discussions among the members of Austrian School of Economics. The reconstruction of this debate has enabled us to think the link between the life-world and the scientific reason, in order to avoid the substitution of social reality by idealizations and abstractions created by the science.
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Koval, T. P., A. Ye Pochukalin, N. L. Reznykova, H. D. Ilyashenko, and O. V. Boiko. "DOCTOR OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Yu. P. POLUPAN – REACHED CREATIVE PRICES AND PRIVACY OF SCIENCE." Animal Breeding and Genetics 58 (November 29, 2019): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.58.01.
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Doctor of Agricultural Science, Professor, Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine Yuriy Polupan made a significant contribution to the development of native agricultural science, in particular in the field of breeding, genetics and breeding of agricultural animals of the late XX – early XXI centuries. His efforts laid the foundation and successfully implemented the basic principles and principles of large-scale breeding at a nationwide level of its organization. Yu. P. Polupan was not only the inspirer and author of new Ukrainian dairy breeds and types, but also was and remains the founder of basic modern methods and further directions of work with them.
Taking into account above-mentioned, the relevance, practical and cognitive importance of this issue is beyond doubt. The aim of the authors is to carry out a thorough analysis of scientific and methodological developments and achievements of Yu. P. Polupan and to study their influence on modern agrarian science.
The authors used historical-chronological, systematic, biographical and source-based methods. The research base covers the scientific works of a talented scientist.
One of the foundations of modern breeding theory is the solution of the issues of breeding group consolidation. A wide range of unresolved issues regarding the relevance, genesis of the concept and the essence of consolidation, methods for its assessment by phenotype and genotype, needed to be addressed. Yu. P. Polupan proposed the coefficient of phenotypic consolidation. The scientist tested three variations of the above coefficient, which are based on the use of the coefficient of variability and the standard deviation for each breeding trait. The proposed coefficients have proven to be reliable and convenient for the practical selection and evaluation of different breeding groups.
Yu. P. Polupan proposed methodics, that gives a broader picture of the duration and effectiveness of lifetime use of dairy cows and regulates the method of constructing a retrospective sample population for obtaining genetically correct selection estimates. Methodology, using the information on primary zootechnical records of dates of birth, calving and culling, life-time milk yield and milk fat and protein yield and the number of lactations during life provides the calculation of longevity, duration of economic use, lactating, average lifetime milk yield and milk fat and protein yield per 1 day of life, economic use and lactating and coefficients of economic use, lactation and productive use. An important methodological element is the construction of a retrospective sample population for the year of first calving (not culling!) and not later than eight years before the date of the selection analysis. The application of the proposed methodology in the studies of its author, his students and other scholars has proved its effectiveness and correctness.
The scientific works of Yu. P. Polupan are also devoted to the development of theoretical and practical bases of estimation of the prepotency and breeding value of sires, prediction of dairy productivity of cows and conservation of the gene pool of farm animals. The scientific interests of the scientist also include grounding of the use of instrumental and visual methods of estimation of the exterior of animals, its ontogenetic and population-genetic laws of formation and relative correlation with the main economic useful traits.
The main direction of breeding work, to which Yu. P. Polupan paid attention, is the creation of Ukrainian Red Dairy cattle breed, which until 1998 was proved as holstinized and fat milk intrabreed types, and since 2005 (Order No. 360/75 of the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food jointly with the Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine) – officially approved Ukrainian Red Dairy breed. The innerbreed structure of the Ukrainian Red Dairy breed is represented by the indicated two innerbreed types, the Crimean, Taurian, central and eastern zonal factory types, the Rigel 4939, Geneve 162939, Inganse 343514, Cavalier 1620453, Dairyman 1620274, Chief 1620273-Valiant 1620273, and Maple 1620273 (holsteinized type), Cirrus 16497, Frem 17291, Monarch 18965, Corbitz 16496, Hannibal (fat milk type) and more than 25 factory families.
Typical for Yu. P. Polupan is the widespread and correct application of mathematical methods in breeding research using modern (including copyrighted) software and computer technology. In particular, his methodological recommendations for the use of programmable calculators in biometric and zootechnical calculations are one of the most cited scientific works of the author and have been used in the educational process for students of Ukrainian Agricultural Academy (now National University of Life and Environmental Sciences).
A number of scientific works by Yu. P. Polupan are devoted to the study of conformational traits, resistance, hormonal status of livestock and economic issues of animal husbandry.
Yuriy Pavlovich is characterized by progressive scientific thinking, constant creative search and unremitting energy of researcher. Well-known in Ukraine and far from it not only as scientist, but as well as breeder and Methodist with new creative thinking, Yurii Pavlovich Polupan is able honourably present headed by him institution in Ministry of Education, Agrarian Policy, European Union and FAO.
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Šrámek, F., and M. Dubský. "Occurrence and correction of lime-induced chlorosis in petunia plants." Plant, Soil and Environment 57, No. 4 (April 21, 2011): 180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/426/2010-pse.
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The effect of various concentrations and ratios of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) chelates on growth, micronutrient uptake and chlorophyll content was investigated in a glasshouse experiment using potted petunia plants. The plants were cultivated in a peat substrate amended with dolomitic limestone at rate of 3.0 g/L (control substrate) or 12.0 g/L. The higher rate was established both to restrict the uptake of Fe, Mn and other nutrients and also to test the effectiveness of various Fe and Mn treatments. The plants in all the treatments were fertigated at weekly intervals with a nutrient solution containing macronutrients and micronutrients. Various chelate forms of Fe and Mn were used with the exception of two treatments where these two elements were omitted. The effects of different substrate pH levels (derived from different limestone contents) had a large effect on plant growth, chlorophyll content and content of Fe and Mn accumulated in the plant leaves. The plants in the high-limestone substrate devoid of Fe and Mn had reduced growth and lower chlorophyll content. They also had lower leaf Fe and Mn content than the control plants in the R3 substrate. Regular fertigation with a nutrient solution containing Mn and Fe improved plant growth rate and also increased chlorophyll content. However, its efficiency depended on the chelate form and concentration used. The effect of chelate application on the Fe and Mn leaf content was unclear as it only marginally increased leaf Fe absorption in some treatments. No effect of the various Fe/Mn ratios was observed.
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Imtiyaj, Dr Mohd. "JALA– The Elixir for Life." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 915–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38005.
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Abstract: The ancient science of life has considered jala to be the life (ayushya) for all. It is believed that jala has the ability to cure various diseases and this jala therapy is established as an important non-invasive Medicine in the medical field. The importance of jala for life expectancy (ayushya) has been explored in the literature of Ayurveda. Ayurveda has mentioned the role of each type of jala for humans and also describe the right method of intake of jala. The origin of Rasa is due to Jala. Jala is not essential for metabolic actions but also necessary to perform daily routine work. Various researchers have investigated the role of water in different diseases like; acute toxicity, ascites, gastric burn, and constipation. This article summarizes the ayurvedic perspective of jala as per the ancient science of life. Keywords: Jala, Guna, Karma, Kaal, Vidhi, Ayushya.
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Kemmerer, David. "Introduction." Language and Cognition 5, no. 2-3 (September 2013): 105–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/langcog-2013-0006.
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As part of the continuing growth and diver sification of Language and Cognition, this special double issue focuses on the evolution of language. Although this controver sial topic has been discussed for centuries from different per spectives, it is probably safe to say that genuine progress has only begun to take place during the past 25 years or so, as increasing numbers of researcher s have star ted pooling a broad array of relevant ideas and discoveries from a tremendous range of disciplines, including, in alphabetical order, anthropology, archeology, ar tificial life, biology, cognitive science, genetics, linguistics, modeling, neuroscience, paleontology, primatology, and psychology. The rapid expansion and maturation of this field of inquiry is evident in sever al ways. Since 1990, more and more articles about the evolution of language have appeared in prominent, high-ranking journals such as Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, and Frontiers in Evolutionary Neuroscience. In addition, the publication of books on this topic has been on the rise, and there is now a whole series of impressive monogr aphs under the rubric “Oxford Studies in the Evolution of Language.” Fur thermore, beginning in 1996, the International Conference on the Evolution of Language has been held every other year to provide a public forum for the presentation and evaluation of new developments (http://www.evolang.org/).
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Efimenko, V., and V. Krivodubskij. "Life and scientific way of Pavlo Rodionovych Romanchuk." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Astronomy, no. 61 (2020): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/btsnua.2020.61.28-33.
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One hundred years have passed since the birth of P.R. Romanchuk – Hero of the Soviet Union, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Associate Professor, Director of the Astronomical Observatory (1972–1987). At his initiative, the observatory began to develop new scientific directions: theoretical research of magnetic fields and the beginning of experimental work after the purchase of a magnetograph, study of changes in the solar atmosphere associated with flare activity, solar-terrestrial connections and the impact of solar activity on weather phenomena, development of methods for predicting solar activity. An important result of his work was the strengthening of the observatory’s material base – purchase of a purchase of a magnetograph, modernization of a horizontal solar telescope, joint work with the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine on the development and manufacture of an axial meridian circle, purchase of equipment for television observations of meteors.
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TYBJERG, KARIN. "J. LENNART BERGGREN and ALEXANDER JONES, Ptolemy'sGeography: An Annotated Translation of the Theoretical Chapters. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2000. Pp. xiii+192. ISBN 0-691-01042-0. £24.95, $39.50 (hardback)." British Journal for the History of Science 37, no. 2 (May 24, 2004): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087404215813.
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J. Lennart Berggren and Alexander Jones, Ptolemy's Geography: An Annotated Translation of the Theoretical Chapters. By Karin Tybjerg 194Natalia Lozovsky, ‘The Earth is Our Book’: Geographical Knowledge in the Latin West ca. 400–1000. By Evelyn Edson 196David Cantor (ed.), Reinventing Hippocrates. By Daniel Brownstein 197Peter Dear, Revolutionizing the Sciences: European Knowledge and Its Ambitions, 1500–1700. By John Henry 199Paolo Rossi, Logic and the Art of Memory: The Quest for a Universal Language. By John Henry 200Marie Boas Hall, Henry Oldenburg: Shaping the Royal Society. By Christoph Lüthy 201Richard L. Hills, James Watt, Volume 1: His Time in Scotland, 1736–1774. By David Philip Miller 203René Sigrist (ed.), H.-B. de Saussure (1740–1799): Un Regard sur la terre, Albert V. Carozzi and John K. Newman (eds.), Lectures on Physical Geography given in 1775 by Horace-Bénédict de Saussure at the Academy of Geneva/Cours de géographie physique donné en 1775 par Horace-Bénédict de Saussure à l'Académie de Genève and Horace-Bénédict de Saussure, Voyages dans les Alpes: Augmentés des Voyages en Valais, au Mont Cervin et autour du Mont Rose. By Martin Rudwick 206Anke te Heesen, The World in a Box: The Story of an Eighteenth-Century Picture Encyclopedia. By Richard Yeo 208David Boyd Haycock, William Stukeley: Science, Religion and Archaeology in Eighteenth-Century England. By Geoffrey Cantor 209Jessica Riskin, Science in the Age of Sensibility: The Sentimental Empiricists of the French Enlightenment. By Dorinda Outram 210Michel Chaouli, The Laboratory of Poetry: Chemistry and Poetics in the Work of Friedrich Schlegel. By David Knight 211George Levine, Dying to Know: Scientific Epistemology and Narrative in Victorian England. By Michael H. Whitworth 212Agustí Nieto-Galan, Colouring Textiles: A History of Natural Dyestuffs in Industrial Europe. By Ursula Klein 214Stuart McCook, States of Nature: Science, Agriculture, and Environment in the Spanish Caribbean, 1760–1940. By Piers J. Hale 215Paola Govoni, Un pubblico per la scienza: La divulgazione scientifica nell'Italia in formazione. By Pietro Corsi 216R. W. Home, A. M. Lucas, Sara Maroske, D. M. Sinkora and J. H. Voigt (eds.), Regardfully Yours: Selected Correspondence of Ferdinand von Mueller. Volume II: 1860–1875. By Jim Endersby 217Douglas R. Weiner, Models of Nature: Ecology, Conservation and Cultural Revolution in Soviet Russia. With a New Afterword. By Piers J. Hale 219Helge Kragh, Quantum Generations: A History of Physics in the Twentieth Century. By Steven French 220Antony Kamm and Malcolm Baird, John Logie Baird: A Life. By Sean Johnston 221Robin L. Chazdon and T. C. Whitmore (eds.), Foundations of Tropical Forest Biology: Classic Papers with Commentaries. By Joel B. Hagen 223Stephen Jay Gould, I Have Landed: Splashes and Reflections in Natural History. By Peter J. Bowler 223Henry Harris, Things Come to Life: Spontaneous Generation Revisited. By Rainer Brömer 224Hélène Gispert (ed.), ‘Par la Science, pour la patrie’: L'Association française pour l'avancement des sciences (1872–1914), un projet politique pour une société savante. By Cristina Chimisso 225Henry Le Chatelier, Science et industrie: Les Débuts du taylorisme en France. By Robert Fox 227Margit Szöllösi-Janze (ed.), Science in the Third Reich. By Jonathan Harwood 227Vadim J. Birstein, The Perversion of Knowledge; The true Story of Soviet Science. By C. A. J. Chilvers 229Guy Hartcup, The Effect of Science on the Second World War. By David Edgerton 230Lillian Hoddeson and Vicki Daitch, True Genius: The Life and Science of John Bardeen, the Only Winner of Two Nobel Prizes in Physics. By Arne Hessenbruch 230Stephen B. Johnson, The Secret of Apollo: Systems Management in American and European Space Programs, John M. Logsdon (ed.), Exploring the Unknown: Selected Documents in the History of the U.S. Civil Space Program. Volume V: Exploring the Cosmos and Douglas J. Mudgway, Uplink-Downlink: A History of the Deep Space Network 1957–1997. By Jon Agar 231Helen Ross and Cornelis Plug, The Mystery of the Moon Illusion: Exploring Size Perception. By Klaus Hentschel 233Matthew R. Edwards (ed.), Pushing Gravity: New Perspectives on Le Sage's Theory of Gravitation. By Friedrich Steinle 234Ernest B. Hook (ed.), Prematurity in Scientific Discovery: On Resistance and Neglect. By Alex Dolby 235John Waller, Fabulous Science: Fact and Fiction in the History of Scientific Discovery. By Alex Dolby 236Rosalind Williams, Retooling: A Historian Confronts Technological Change. By Keith Vernon 237Colin Divall and Andrew Scott, Making Histories in Transport Museums. By Anthony Coulls 238
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Al-Ansi, Abdullah M. "Students anxiety and recruitment during Covid-19 pandemic: role of university, specialization and employment expectation." Perspectives of Science and Education 49, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 403–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32744/pse.2021.1.27.
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The problem and the aim of the study. Most undergraduate students at last year of university have anxiety to seek for the future job. Looking for job and moving to new chapter of their life is often accompanied by anxiousness and generates psychological stress. The purpose of this paper is to indicate the role of university, specialization and employment expectation in decreasing the students’ anxiousness. Research methods. The main method of this research is quantitative approach by using surveys. Data were collected by surveying of 400 students at the last year of university distributed under three categories: medical science, natural science and social studies in Yogyakarta city, Indonesia. Purposive sampling was used to select students based on their specialization of study. Regression path analysis was employed to examine the role of university, specialization and possibility of employment on decreasing the students’ anxiety in finding suitable job. Results. The Results indicate that university has no direct role in helping students get job but has indirect impact on shaping students’ knowledge, skills and self-confidence to prepare them for future job and this leads to negative and significant impact on students’ anxiousness with (β = -.138 and -.260; p < 0,01) respectively. Specialization has negative and significant impact (β = -.207, -.198; p < 0,01) for medical and natural science students and low negative and significant (β = -.018; p < 0,01) for social science students on their anxiety. Finally, employment expectation for most of the students was fair and has positive impact on their anxiety (β = .012, .090 and .124; p < 0,05) respectively. Conclusion. This research revealed the increasing impact of Covid-19 pandemic to the students’ anxiety due to continuous influence of the virus during the 2020. Theoretical, social and practical implications have been discussed as part of this research as well.
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Ługowski, Radosław Szymon, Roman Niżnikowski, Marcin Świątek, Żaneta Szymańska, Piotr Kozera, and Jerzy Księżak. "The synthetic WROBER line – effect of the mating system on reproductive parameters and production of slaughter lambs." Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego 16, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.2016.
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The aim of the study was to compare two mating systems and their impact on reproductive parameters in sheep of the synthetic WROBER line and to evaluate the profitability of lamb meat production. Sheep were raised at the Agricultural Experimental Station in Żelazna (Warsaw University of Life Sciences) in a traditional system with mating once a year and at the Werbkowice Experimental Farm (Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – National Research Institute) in an intensified system with a shortened lambing interval. The study confirmed the suitability of the WROBER line for intensive production of slaughter lambs. In this system, 0.5 more lambs were obtained per ewe (in all seasons) than in the traditional system. Due to the increased number of lambs produced, the WROBER line can become more profitable.
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Bellm, E. C. "Life Beyond PTF." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 14, S339 (November 2017): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174392131800248x.
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AbstractIn March 2017, the Intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) ceased operations. This Symposium was an appropriate opportunity to review the scientific returns from iPTF and its predecessor survey, the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF), and to summarise the lessons learned. Succeeding iPTF on the Palomar Observatory 48-inch Schmidt telescope is the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), a new survey with an order of magnitude faster survey speed that is now being commissioned. I described the design and scientific rationale for ZTF. ZTF is prototyping new alert stream technologies being explored by the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) to distribute millions of transient alerts per night to downstream science users. I described the design of the alert system and discussed it in the context of the wider LSST and community broker ecosystem.
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Cho, Jane. "Analysis of global inequality in research outcome using the Gini coefficient." Performance Measurement and Metrics 22, no. 1 (November 11, 2020): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pmm-05-2020-0027.
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PurposeThis study attempts to prove the extent of the gaps in the academic ecosystem by using the Gini coefficient.Design/methodology/approachThis study measures the gap between research document volume and citation by country and academic field using the latest ten years of research data of the Web of Science.FindingsAs a result, there is a large volume of documents in the USA and China, and the gap between global countries is g = 0.88 with high inequality. The fields of arts and humanities and social sciences are led by British and American cultures, and the gap between countries (g = 0.91, 0.89) is larger than in other fields. In the meantime, there is also inequality (g = 0.40) about the volumes of research documents between six academic fields, and the gap between the average numbers of citations per publication is the highest in social science (g = 0.80) and the lowest in life science (g = 0.71).Originality/valueThis study proves the extent of the gaps in the academic ecosystem by using the Gini coefficient with large amount research data.
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Wyszkowska, J., and M. Wyszkowski. "Role of compost, bentonite and lime in recovering the biochemical equilibrium of diesel oil contaminated soil." Plant, Soil and Environment 52, No. 11 (November 17, 2011): 505–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3541-pse.
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The aim of the study was to determine how soil contamination with diesel oil affected biochemical properties of soil and to determine whether the application of compost, bentonite or lime could recover the biochemical equilibrium of soil. The experiments were carried out in a greenhouse. Typical Eutric Cambisols soil formed from sandy loam was polluted with the following amounts of diesel oil: 2.5, 5.0 and 10 cm<sup>3</sup>/kg of soil. The results of the tests showed that the contamination of soil with diesel oil at the amount between 2.5 and 10 cm<sup>3</sup>/kg of soil disturbed the biochemical balance of soil. Irrespective of the application of compost, bentonite or lime and regardless which plant species was grown, diesel oil significantly (p = 0.01) stimulated the activity of dehydrogenases, urease, and alkaline phosphatase as well as the nitrification of soil. Enrichment of soil with compost, bentonite or lime stimulated the activity of urease, alkaline phosphatase and nitrification. The activity of dehydrogenases, urease and nitrification of soil, in contrast to the activity of acid phosphatase, was higher in soil under spring oilseed rape than in soil under oats. The activity of dehydrogenases, urease, alkaline phosphatase in soil contaminated with diesel oil was positively correlated with the nitrification of soil. The correlation between the activity of acid phosphatase and soil nitrification was negative.
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Thelwall, Mike, and Kayvan Kousha. "Do journal data sharing mandates work? Life sciences evidence from Dryad." Aslib Journal of Information Management 69, no. 1 (January 16, 2017): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajim-09-2016-0159.
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Purpose Data sharing is widely thought to help research quality and efficiency. Data sharing mandates are increasingly being adopted by journals and the purpose of this paper is to assess whether they work. Design/methodology/approach This study examines two evolutionary biology journals, Evolution and Heredity, that have data sharing mandates and make extensive use of Dryad. It uses a quantitative analysis of presence in Dryad, downloads and citations. Findings Within both journals, data sharing seems to be complete, showing that the mandates work on a technical level. Low correlations (0.15-0.18) between data downloads and article citation counts for articles published in 2012 within these journals indicate a weak relationship between data sharing and research impact. An average of 40-55 data downloads per article after a few years suggests that some use is found for shared life sciences data. Research limitations/implications The value of shared data uses is unclear. Practical implications Data sharing mandates should be encouraged as an effective strategy. Originality/value This is the first analysis of the effectiveness of data sharing mandates.
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Głowacka, A. "Uptake of Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn by maize in the strip cropping system ." Plant, Soil and Environment 59, No. 7 (June 26, 2013): 322–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/122/2013-pse.
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A field experiment was conducted in 2008–2010 at the Experimental Station of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences in Zamość (50°42'N, 23°16'E), University of Life Sciences in Lublin. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of cropping method and weed control methods on the content of Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn in maize and on their uptake. Two cropping methods were studied – sole cropping and strip cropping (common bean, dent maize and spring barley in adjacent strips) and two weed control methods – mechanical and chemical. Strip cropping reduced Mn content in maize, did not significantly affect Zn content, and increased accumulation of Cu and Fe. The content and uptake of the elements by maize depended on the position of the row in the strip and on the adjacent plant species. Placement next to beans resulted in higher Fe and Zn content, while placement next to barley increased Cu content. The highest Mn content was noted in maize from the centre row. In general, micronutrient uptake by maize was lowest in the middle row. These results indicate that strip cropping can be an effective agricultural practise for plant biofortification.
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Yüksel, Sevgi, and Ahu Taneri. "Communication Competency in Foreign Languages and Digital Competency in Life Sciences Course Book." Journal of Curriculum and Teaching 9, no. 3 (August 22, 2020): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jct.v9n3p190.
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This study aims to analyze to what extent the competency of ‘Communication in Foreign Languages’ and ‘Digital Competency’ which are addressed in Turkish Qualifications Framework and instruction programs in Turkey are covered by life sciences course books. The research was performed through the case study method which was within the context of qualitative research models. In the study, life sciences course books which were selected through convenience sampling, approved by the Board of Instruction and Education of the Ministry of National Education of Turkey and used in the first, second and third years of primary schools in the school year of 2018-2019 were examined. As per results obtained from research findings, it was found that the competency of ‘Communication in Foreign Languages’ and ‘Digital Competency’ were insufficiently referred to in course books. On the basis of research findings, recommendations intended for designers, teachers and researchers of instruction programs of life sciences course were presented.
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Kidman, Barbara P. "Ralph Tate (1840–1901), Naturalist par excellence: Life and Work before Emigration to Australia." Historical Records of Australian Science 24, no. 2 (2013): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr13003.
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Ralph Tate (1840–1901), the foundation Professor of Natural Science at the University of Adelaide, proved to be a remarkable scientist and naturalist with outstanding achievements in several fields. Tate was selected for the Chair in Adelaide, despite having no previous university experience, mainly on the recommendation of T. H. Huxley. This paper examines Tate's background in some detail and establishes that, in fact, as a respected geologist and palaeontologist with interests in conchology and botany, he was particularly well qualified to fill the post. He had had years of teaching practice, a long list of research publications and even experience in exploring new territories.
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Liebensteiner, Martin G., Martijn W. H. Pinkse, Peter J. Schaap, Alfons J. M. Stams, and Bart P. Lomans. "Archaeal (Per)Chlorate Reduction at High Temperature: An Interplay of Biotic and Abiotic Reactions." Science 340, no. 6128 (April 4, 2013): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1233957.
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Perchlorate and chlorate anions [(per)chlorate] exist in the environment from natural and anthropogenic sources, where they can serve as electron acceptors for bacteria. We performed growth experiments combined with genomic and proteomic analyses of the hyperthermophileArchaeoglobus fulgidusthat show (per)chlorate reduction also extends into the archaeal domain of life. The (per)chlorate reduction pathway inA. fulgidusrelies on molybdo-enzymes that have similarity with bacterial enzymes; however, chlorite is not enzymatically split into chloride and oxygen. Evidence suggests that it is eliminated by an interplay of abiotic and biotic redox reactions involving sulfur compounds. Biological (per)chlorate reduction by ancient archaea at high temperature may have prevented accumulation of perchlorate in early terrestrial environments and consequently given rise to oxidizing conditions on Earth before the rise of oxygenic photosynthesis.
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Comer, Krista. "Western Literature at Century's End: Sketches in Generation X, Los Angeles, and the Post-Civil Rights Novel." Pacific Historical Review 72, no. 3 (August 1, 2003): 405–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2003.72.3.405.
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Since the early 1990s several "serious" southern California writers have begun writing science fiction, detective stories, mysteries, comic satires, even magical realism, finding freshly relevant ways to represent western life at century's end. Through novels by Sandra Tsing Loh and Cynthia Kadohata, I locate this turn to the popular within a larger political and cultural context we might call "post-Civil Rights." In such novels, texts do not take racial alterity as a starting, radically disruptive fact, although they do not claim that America has outgrown racism. Rather, a new racial subject and/or series of racial formations is under construction, invested in updating and reformulating the status of the nonwhite racial other, to account for the enormity of change in recent years, especially the place of youth within globalization discourse.
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Michalska-Klimczak, Beata, Zdzislaw Wyszyňski, Vladimír Pačuta, Marek Rašovský, and Joanna Lešniewska. "Impact of sugar beet seed priming on molasses components, sugar content and technological white sugar yield." Plant, Soil and Environment 65, No. 1 (January 18, 2019): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/720/2018-pse.
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The impact of non-treated and primed seeds on molasses components, sugar content and technological white sugar yield of the same cultivar of sugar beet root was investigated. The study was conducted in 2012–2014 at the Experiment Field Station of Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW in Skierniewice (51°97'N, 20°19'E) in the central region of Poland. The use of primed seeds resulted in a higher technological white sugar yield with higher sugar content and lower content of α-amino nitrogen in the roots. Also, seed priming increased the technological value of the roots by a lower share in the root yield fractions of the root weight less than 300 g, characterized by lower sugar content and a higher content of α-amino nitrogen.
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Graham, Eileen K., Sara J. Weston, Denis Gerstorf, Tomiko B. Yoneda, Tom Booth, Christopher R. Beam, Andrew J. Petkus, et al. "Trajectories of Big Five Personality Traits: A Coordinated Analysis of 16 Longitudinal Samples." European Journal of Personality 34, no. 3 (May 2020): 301–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2259.
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This study assessed change in self–reported Big Five personality traits. We conducted a coordinated integrative data analysis using data from 16 longitudinal samples, comprising a total sample of over 60 000 participants. We coordinated models across multiple datasets and fit identical multi–level growth models to assess and compare the extent of trait change over time. Quadratic change was assessed in a subset of samples with four or more measurement occasions. Across studies, the linear trajectory models revealed declines in conscientiousness, extraversion, and openness. Non–linear models suggested late–life increases in neuroticism. Meta–analytic summaries indicated that the fixed effects of personality change are somewhat heterogeneous and that the variability in trait change is partially explained by sample age, country of origin, and personality measurement method. We also found mixed evidence for predictors of change, specifically for sex and baseline age. This study demonstrates the importance of coordinated conceptual replications for accelerating the accumulation of robust and reliable findings in the lifespan developmental psychological sciences. © 2020 European Association of Personality Psychology
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Kaganov, V. S. "Implementing the National Strategy on Action for Children: 2015 results." Психологическая наука и образование 21, no. 1 (2016): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/pse.2016210103.
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The article consists of two parts: V.Sh.Kaganov’s interview (introduction) and data on the results of 2015 on the key activities in priority areas of the "National Strategy for Action on Children for 2012–2017" 2015 by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. The paper describes agency’s activities, federal initiatives, advanced regional experiences and best practices. Special at- tention is given to the availability of inclusive, special education for children with disabilities. Great attention is paid to new approaches and technologies to al- low reinforcing the social protection of orphans and children facing difficulties by including them in a fulfilling life. The article also stated objectives, results and prospects of the development of upbringing and additional education of children, gifted children supporting, promotion of healthy lifestyle, values and professional orientation of Russian youth.
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Yang, Lin, Stephen Antonelli, Shirish Chodankar, James Byrnes, Edwin Lazo, and Kun Qian. "Solution scattering at the Life Science X-ray Scattering (LiX) beamline." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 27, no. 3 (March 31, 2020): 804–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577520002362.
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This work reports the instrumentation and software implementation at the Life Science X-ray Scattering (LiX) beamline at NSLS-II in support of biomolecular solution scattering. For automated static measurements, samples are stored in PCR tubes and grouped in 18-position sample holders. Unattended operations are enabled using a six-axis robot that exchanges sample holders between a storage box and a sample handler, transporting samples from the PCR tubes to the X-ray beam for scattering measurements. The storage box has a capacity of 20 sample holders. At full capacity, the measurements on all samples last for ∼9 h. For in-line size-exclusion chromatography, the beamline-control software coordinates with a commercial high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system to measure multiple samples in batch mode. The beamline can switch between static and HPLC measurements instantaneously. In all measurements, the scattering data span a wide q-range of typically 0.006–3.2 Å−1. Functionalities in the Python package py4xs have been developed to support automated data processing, including azimuthal averaging, merging data from multiple detectors, buffer scattering subtraction, data storage in HDF5 format and exporting the final data in a three-column text format that is acceptable by most data analysis tools. These functionalities have been integrated into graphical user interfaces that run in Jupyter notebooks, with hooks for external data analysis software.
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Tomkowiak, Agnieszka, Roksana Skowrońska, Dorota Weigt, Michał Kwiatek, Jerzy Nawracała, Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski, and Mateusz Pluta. "Identification of Powdery Mildew Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici Resistance Genes in Selected Wheat Varieties and Development of Multiplex PCR." Open Chemistry 17, no. 1 (March 22, 2019): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2019-0024.
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AbstractThe aim of the study was to identify the Pm2, Pm3a, Pm4b and Pm6 genes and to develop multiplex PCR reaction conditions to reduce time and limit analysis costs. The following molecular markers were used for gene identification: Xcfd81, Whs350 and Xgwm205 (for Pm2), Pm3a (for Pm3a), STS_241 and Xgwm382 (for Pm4b), NAU/BCDSTS 135-2 (for Pm6). Plant material consisted of 7 popular European wheat varieties from the wheat collection at the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding of the Poznań University of Life Sciences. The field experiment was established in 2017 and 2018 on 10 m2 plots in a randomized complete block design in three replicates in the Dłoń Agricultural Experimental Farm of the Poznań University of Life Sciences (51°41’23.835”N 017°4’1.414”E). The analyses demonstrated that the accumulation of all identified Pm genes was found in the Assosan variety. The accumulation of the Pm2, Pm4b and Pm6 genes was found in Atomic, Bussard, Lear, Sparta, Tonacja and Ulka varieties. The work also involved developing multiplex PCR conditions for Xcfd81 and STS_241 and Xcfd81 and Xgwm382 primer pairs, allowing the simultaneous identification of the Pm2 and Pm4b genes.
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Savoye, Antoine. "Durkheim vu par les collectifs leplaysiens (1893–1926)." Durkheimian Studies 24, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 99–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ds.2020.240108.
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*Full article is in FrenchFrench abstract: En dépit de l’ostracisme de Durkheim à leur égard, les représentants de la science sociale issue de Le Play n’ont pas ignoré son oeuvre et l’ont commentée – même si laconiquement – dans leurs périodiques, d’une part, La Réforme sociale, d’autre part, La Science sociale et ses dérivés. Les leplaysiens restés dans l’orthodoxie du maître nourrissent – de la Division du travail social aux Fondements élémentaires de la vie religieuse – les mêmes griefs à l’encontre de Durkheim. Volontiers polémiques, ils refusent sa conception du fait social qui, « supérieur et antérieur à l’individu … s’impose à lui avec une force coercitive prépondérante » (Clément, 1915). Leurs critiques perdent cependant de leur virulence après la mort de Durkheim, au fur et à mesure que la sociologie s’avère une science durable dont le projet devient irréfutable. Du côté des partisans de la science sociale renouvelée par Henri de Tourville, l’appréciation de Durkheim est différente. Plus tardive, elle porte sur l’objet de la sociologie et sur la méthode prônée par l’auteur des Règles. Aux yeux des tourvilliens, celui-ci n’emprunte pas, à tort, la « voie royale » de la science sociale : l’enquête par observation directe, et néglige l’outil de coordination des faits sociaux qu’est la nomenclature mise au point par Tourville. Dès lors, les résultats auxquels aboutit Durkheim, par exemple dans les Fondements, sont sujets à caution (Descamps, 1912). La critique des tourvilliens est d’autant plus vive qu’elle se nourrit d’un dépit : Durkheim ne fait aucun cas de leurs travaux (Périer, 1913). Le débat qu’ils auraient souhaité engager n’aura lieu que post mortem, grâce à Bouglé et ses élèves du Centre de documentation sociale (Aron, Polin) qui joueront le jeu, dans les années trente, de la confrontation entre sociologie et science sociale.English abstract: Despite the ostracism he maintained towards them, Le Play’s social science continuers did not ignore Durkheim’s work and commented on it – even if laconically – in their journals. The LePlayists loyal to the master’s orthodoxy raised the same grievances against Durkheim throughout his academic life. They refused to accept his conception of the social fact as superior and prior to the individual, imposing itself on him with a coercive force. Their criticisms, however, were less virulent after Durkheim’s death, as sociology proved a sustainable science whose project had become irrefutable. With the dissident LePlayists, the view is different. Emerging later, it dealt with the object of sociology and the method advocated by the author of the Règles. From the Tourvillians’ point of view, Durkheim’s sociology does not adopt the best path for social science (investigation by direct observation), and neglects its process of coordination of social facts (the nomenclature developed by Tourville). Consequently, Durkheim’s results are questionable. The debate the Tourvillians wanted to have with Durkheim took place post mortem, thanks to Bouglé and his students from the Centre de documentation sociale, and their engagement, in the 1930s, with Durkheimian sociology and social science.