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Hubert, Lobos, Brevis, and Padilla. "Note: Purification and characterization of the bacteriocin PsVP-10 produced by Pseudomonas sp." Journal of Applied Microbiology 84, no. 5 (June 1998): 910–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.1998.00400.x.
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Padilla, C. "In vitro antibacterial activity of the peptide PsVP-10 against antimicrobial-resistant Enterococcus faecalis isolated from clinical samples." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 53, no. 2 (January 16, 2004): 390–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkh067.
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PADILLA, C., O. LOBOS, E. HUBERT, F. POBLETE, A. NAVARRO, and L. NUNEZ. "In vitro antibacterial activity of the peptide PsVP-10 against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus with and without glycocalyx." International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 27, no. 3 (March 2006): 212–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2005.10.010.
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Lobos, O., A. Padilla, and C. Padilla. "In vitro antimicrobial effect of bacteriocin PsVP-10 in combination with chlorhexidine and triclosan against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus strains." Archives of Oral Biology 54, no. 3 (March 2009): 230–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2008.11.007.
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Harima, Hayato, Masahiro Kajihara, Edgar Simulundu, Eugene Bwalya, Yongjin Qiu, Mao Isono, Kosuke Okuya, et al. "Genetic and Biological Diversity of Porcine Sapeloviruses Prevailing in Zambia." Viruses 12, no. 2 (February 5, 2020): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12020180.
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Porcine sapelovirus (PSV) has been detected worldwide in pig populations. Although PSV causes various symptoms such as encephalomyelitis, diarrhea, and pneumonia in pigs, the economic impact of PSV infection remains to be determined. However, information on the distribution and genetic diversity of PSV is quite limited, particularly in Africa. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of PSV infection in Zambia and characterized the isolated PSVs genetically and biologically. We screened 147 fecal samples collected in 2018 and found that the prevalences of PSV infection in suckling pigs and fattening pigs were high (36.2% and 94.0%, respectively). Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the Zambian PSVs were divided into three different lineages (Lineages 1–3) in the clade consisting of Chinese strains. The Zambian PSVs belonging to Lineages 2 and 3 replicated more efficiently than those belonging to Lineage 1 in Vero E6 and BHK cells. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that genetic recombination events had occurred and the recombination breakpoints were located in the L and 2A genes. Our results indicated that at least two biologically distinct PSVs could be circulating in the Zambian pig population and that genetic recombination played a role in the evolution of PSVs.
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Boros, Ákos, Zoltán László, Péter Pankovics, András Marosi, Mihály Albert, Attila Cságola, Hunor Bíró, Elizabeth Fahsbender, Eric Delwart, and Gábor Reuter. "High prevalence, genetic diversity and a potentially novel genotype of Sapelovirus A (Picornaviridae) in enteric and respiratory samples in Hungarian swine farms." Journal of General Virology 101, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 609–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001410.
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All of the known porcine sapeloviruses (PSVs) currently belong to a single genotype in the genus Sapelovirus (family Picornaviridae). Here, the complete genome of a second, possibly recombinant, genotype of PSV strain SZ1M-F/PSV/HUN2013 (MN807752) from a faecal sample of a paraplegic pig in Hungary was characterized using viral metagenomics and RT-PCR. This sapelovirus strain showed only 64 % nucleotide identity in the VP1 region to its closest PSV-1 relative. Complete VP1 sequence-based epidemiological investigations of PSVs circulating in Hungary showed the presence of diverse strains found in high prevalence in enteric and respiratory samples collected from both asymptomatic and paraplegic pigs from 12 swine farms. Virus isolation attempts using PK-15 cell cultures were successful in 3/8 cases for the classic but not the novel PSV genotype. Sequence comparisons of faeces and isolate strains derived VP1 showed that cultured PSV strains not always represent the dominant PSVs found in vivo.
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Chu, Chishih, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, Chi-Hong Chu, and Jonathan T. Ou. "Nucleotide and Amino Acid Sequences of oriT-traM-traJ-traY-traA-traL Regions and Mobilization of Virulence Plasmids of Salmonella enterica Serovars Enteritidis, Gallinarum-Pullorum, and Typhimurium." Journal of Bacteriology 184, no. 11 (June 1, 2002): 2857–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.184.11.2857-2862.2002.
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ABSTRACT The virulence plasmid of Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum-Pullorum (pSPV) but not those of Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis (pSEV) and Typhimurium (pSTV) can be readily mobilized by an F or F-like conjugative plasmid. To investigate the reason for the difference, the oriT-traM-traJ-traY-traA-traL regions of the three salmonella virulence plasmids (pSVs) were cloned and their nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences were examined. The cloned fragments were generally mobilized more readily than the corresponding full-length pSVs, but the recombinant plasmid containing the oriT of pSPV was, as expected, more readily mobilized, with up to 100-fold higher frequency than the recombinant plasmids containing the oriT of the other two pSVs. The nucleotide sequences of the oriT-traM-traJ-traY-traA-traL region of pSEV and pSTV were almost identical (only 4 bp differences), but differed from that of pSPV. Major nucleotide sequence variations were found in traJ, traY, and the Tra protein binding sites sby and sbm. sby of pSPV showed higher similarity than that of pSEV or pSTV to that of the F plasmid. The reverse was true for sbm: similarity was higher with pSEV and pSTV than with pSPV. In the deduced amino acid sequences of the five Tra proteins, major differences were found in TraY: pSEV's TraY was 75 amino acids, pSTV's was 106 amino acids, and pSPV's was 133 amino acids; and there were duplicate consensus βαα fragments in the TraY of pSPV and F plasmid, whereas there was only a single βαα fragment in that of pSEV and pSTV.
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Spatz, Kerstin, Henning Köhn, and Matthias Redenbach. "Characterization of theStreptomyces violaceoruberSANK95570 plasmids pSV1 and pSV2." FEMS Microbiology Letters 213, no. 1 (July 2002): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2002.tb11290.x.
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Thompson, Alessandra F., Lillian Moraes, Nazareth N. Rocha, Marcos V. S. Fernandes, Mariana A. Antunes, Soraia C. Abreu, Cintia L. Santos, et al. "Impact of different frequencies of controlled breath and pressure-support levels during biphasic positive airway pressure ventilation on the lung and diaphragm in experimental mild acute respiratory distress syndrome." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 20, 2021): e0256021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256021.
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Background We hypothesized that a decrease in frequency of controlled breaths during biphasic positive airway pressure (BIVENT), associated with an increase in spontaneous breaths, whether pressure support (PSV)-assisted or not, would mitigate lung and diaphragm damage in mild experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Materials and methods Wistar rats received Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide intratracheally. After 24 hours, animals were randomly assigned to: 1) BIVENT-100+PSV0%: airway pressure (Phigh) adjusted to VT = 6 mL/kg and frequency of controlled breaths (f) = 100 bpm; 2) BIVENT-50+PSV0%: Phigh adjusted to VT = 6 mL/kg and f = 50 bpm; 3) BIVENT-50+PSV50% (PSV set to half the Phigh reference value, i.e., PSV50%); or 4) BIVENT-50+PSV100% (PSV equal to Phigh reference value, i.e., PSV100%). Positive end-expiratory pressure (Plow) was equal to 5 cmH2O. Nonventilated animals were used for lung and diaphragm histology and molecular biology analysis. Results BIVENT-50+PSV0%, compared to BIVENT-100+PSV0%, reduced the diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) score, the expression of amphiregulin (marker of alveolar stretch) and muscle atrophy F-box (marker of diaphragm atrophy). In BIVENT-50 groups, the increase in PSV (BIVENT-50+PSV50% versus BIVENT-50+PSV100%) yielded better lung mechanics and less alveolar collapse, interstitial edema, cumulative DAD score, as well as gene expressions associated with lung inflammation, epithelial and endothelial cell damage in lung tissue, and muscle ring finger protein 1 (marker of muscle proteolysis) in diaphragm. Transpulmonary peak pressure (Ppeak,L) and pressure–time product per minute (PTPmin) at Phigh were associated with lung damage, while increased spontaneous breathing at Plow did not promote lung injury. Conclusion In the ARDS model used herein, during BIVENT, the level of PSV and the phase of the respiratory cycle in which the inspiratory effort occurs affected lung and diaphragm damage. Partitioning of inspiratory effort and transpulmonary pressure in spontaneous breaths at Plow and Phigh is required to minimize VILI.
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AbuRahma, Ali F., Damian Maxwell, Kris Eads, Sarah K. Flaherty, and Tabitha Stutler. "Carotid Duplex Velocity Criteria Revisited for the Diagnosis of Carotid In-Stent Restenosis." Vascular 15, no. 3 (June 2007): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/6670.2007.00030.
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Carotid percutaneous transluminal angioplasty/stenting has become an accepted treatment modality for carotid artery stenosis in high-risk patients. There has been an ongoing debate regarding which duplex ultrasound (DUS) criteria to use to determine the rate of in-stent restenosis. This prospective study revisits DUS criteria for determining the rate of in-stent restenosis. In analyzing a subset of 12 patients (pilot study) who had both completion carotid angiography and DUS within 30 days, 10 patients with normal post-stenting carotid angiography (< 30% residual stenosis) had peak systolic velocities (PSVs) of the stented internal carotid artery (ICA) of ≤ 155 cm/s and two patients with ≥ 30% residual stenosis had internal carotid artery (ICA) PSVs of > 155 cm/s. Eighty-three patients who underwent carotid stenting as part of clinical trials were analyzed. All patients underwent post-stenting carotid DUS that was done at 1 month and every 6 months thereafter. PSVs and end-diastolic velocities of the ICA and common carotid artery were recorded. Patients with PSVs of the ICA of > 140 cm/s underwent carotid computed tomographic (CT) angiography. The perioperative stroke rate was 1.2%. When the old DUS velocity criteria for nonstented carotid arteries were applied, 54% of patients had ≥ 30% restenosis (PSV of > 120 cm/s), but when our new proposed DUS velocity criteria for stented arteries were applied (PSV of > 155 cm/s), 33% had ≥ 30% restenosis at a mean follow-up of 18 months ( p = .007). The mean PSVs for patients with normal stented carotid arteries based on CT angiography, were 122 cm/s versus 243 cm/s for ≥ 30% restenosis and 113 cm/s versus 230 cm/s for ≥ 30% restenosis based on our new criteria. The mean PSVs of in-stent restenosis of 30 to < 50%, 50 to < 70%, and 70 to 99%, based on CT angiography, were 205 cm/s, 264 cm/s, and 435 cm/s, respectively. Receiver operating curve analysis demonstrated that an ICA PSV of > 155 cm/s was optimal for detecting ≥ 30% in-stent restenosis, with a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 90%, a positive predictive value of 74%, and a negative predictive value of 100%. The currently used carotid DUS velocity criteria overestimated the incidence of in-stent restenosis. We propose new velocity criteria for the ICA PSV of > 155 cm/s to define ≥ 30% in-stent restenosis.
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Demeshko, G., and R. Detsik. "Design and operation peculiarities of platform support vessels (PSVs)." Transactions of the Krylov State Research Centre 1, no. 395 (March 9, 2021): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2021-1-395-85-98.
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Object and purpose of research. This papers discusses PSVs (or, in RS classification, Supply Vessels): special ships that provide offshore drilling rigs with drilling supplies, fuel, water, provisions, spare parts for equipment, as well as deliver personnel shifts to/from the platform and perform the functions of duty, rescue, fire, and environmental protection vessels. The purpose of the study is to develop a physical model of PSV functioning and give design recommendations for proper de-termination of its characteristics and properties. Materials and methods. Generalization and analysis of PSV design and operation, as well as analysis of Russian and foreign publications about PSV specifics, supported by systematized statistical materials sufficient for design recommendations. Main results. This work summarized the data on PSV properties, characteristics, design and operation requirements, as well as the ways to implement them in terms of hull shape, general arrangement, mission-specific equipment, conceptual type and power plant, suggesting a vision of PSV as design object. Regressive analysis performed by the authors is supported by a wide scope of design materials that summarizes PSV operation experience and development trends, thus preparing the basis for future PSV designs. Conclusion. PSVs are the main link in the offshore oil and gas production. The ships of this type are becoming more and more popular, especially in their multi-purpose variant. This paper makes it possible to formulate design requirements for them, as well as to trace the ways of their implementation. This paper also suggests the methods for determination of PSV dimensions, conceptual type and mission-specific equipment, as well as main design parameters, properties and transportation and operation capabilities.
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Hagey, Emmanuelle. "The PSV That Did Not Fail-Misconceptions About PSVs." Process Safety Progress 32, no. 1 (February 8, 2013): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prs.11557.
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Liu, Yu, Xin Li, Yan-Ping Huang, Zi-Yu Cui, Jia Bao, Xue-Li Zhang, Yan Guo, Min-Jing Su, Xin-Xiang Lv, and Jian-Wen Han. "Association of Polymorphisms of Metabolism-Related Genes with Psoriasis Vulgaris in Han Chinese." BioMed Research International 2021 (September 18, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9920631.
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Aim. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease with a complex etiology, and psoriasis vulgaris (PsV) is the most common type of psoriasis. Recent studies suggest the relationship between psoriasis and metabolic syndrome in different ethnicities. This study is aimed at evaluating the association of metabolism-related gene variants with the risk of PsV in Chinese Han population. Material and Methods. PsV patients (1030) and healthy controls (965) were enrolled in this study. Eighteen single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously reported to be significantly associated with metabolic syndrome were selected. SNPs were detected by next-generation sequencing. Results. Seven SNPs were significantly associated with PsV: rs805303 ( P = 0.012 , OR = 0.85 ), rs3177928 ( P = 1.37 × 10 − 15 , OR = 2.51 ), and rs2247056 ( P = 3.73 × 10 − 4 , OR = 0.67 ) located in the HLA gene region; rs1047781 ( P = 0.012 , OR = 1.18 ), rs281379 ( P = 0.014 , OR = 1.71 ), and rs492602 ( P = 0.005 , OR = 1.86 ) located in the FUT2 region; and rs2303138 ( P = 0.014 , OR = 1.18 ) located in the LNPEP region. After stratified analysis, rs805303 ( P = 0.017 , OR = 0.74 ) and rs2303138 ( P = 0.041 , OR = 1.30 ) were associated with PsVs when HLA-C ∗ 06 : 02 was positive, and rs805303 ( P = 5.62 × 10 − 5 , OR = 0.68 ), rs3177928 ( P = 0.003 , OR = 1.75 ), rs281379 ( P = 0.034 , OR = 1.96 ), and rs492602 ( P = 0.025 , OR = 2.04 ) were associated with PsVs when HLA-C ∗ 06 : 02 was negative. Conclusion. PsV and metabolic syndrome may have overlapped susceptible genes in Chinese Han population.
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Kim, Deok-Song, Kyu-Yeol Son, Kyung-Min Koo, Ji-Yun Kim, Mia Madel Alfajaro, Jun-Gyu Park, Myra Hosmillo, et al. "Porcine Sapelovirus Uses α2,3-Linked Sialic Acid on GD1a Ganglioside as a Receptor." Journal of Virology 90, no. 8 (February 10, 2016): 4067–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02449-15.
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ABSTRACTThe receptor(s) for porcine sapelovirus (PSV), which causes diarrhea, pneumonia, polioencephalomyelitis, and reproductive disorders in pigs, remains largely unknown. Given the precedent for other picornaviruses which use terminal sialic acids (SAs) as receptors, we examined the role of SAs in PSV binding and infection. Using a variety of approaches, including treating cells with a carbohydrate-destroying chemical (NaIO4), mono- or oligosaccharides (N-acetylneuraminic acid, galactose, and 6′-sialyllactose), linkage-specific sialidases (neuraminidase and sialidase S), lectins (Maakia amurensislectin andSambucus nigralectin), proteases (trypsin and chymotrypsin), and glucosylceramide synthase inhibitors (dl-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol and phospholipase C), we demonstrated that PSV could recognize α2,3-linked SA on glycolipids as a receptor. On the other hand, PSVs had no binding affinity for synthetic histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs), suggesting that PSVs could not use HBGAs as receptors. Depletion of cell surface glycolipids followed by reconstitution studies indicated that GD1a ganglioside, but not other gangliosides, could restore PSV binding and infection, further confirming α2,3-linked SA on GD1a as a PSV receptor. Our results could provide significant information on the understanding of the life cycle of sapelovirus and other picornaviruses. For the broader community in the area of pathogens and pathogenesis, these findings and insights could contribute to the development of affordable, useful, and efficient drugs for anti-sapelovirus therapy.IMPORTANCEThe porcine sapelovirus (PSV) is known to cause enteritis, pneumonia, polioencephalomyelitis, and reproductive disorders in pigs. However, the receptor(s) that the PSV utilizes to enter host cells remains largely unknown. Using a variety of approaches, we showed that α2,3-linked terminal sialic acid (SA) on the cell surface GD1a ganglioside could be used for PSV binding and infection as a receptor. On the other hand, histo-blood group antigens also present in the cell surface carbohydrates could not be utilized as PSV receptors for binding and infection. These findings should contribute to the understanding of the sapelovirus life cycle and to the development of affordable, useful and efficient drugs for anti-sapelovirus therapy.
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Lindwall, Magnus, Hulya Asci, and Peter Crocker. "The Physical Self in Motion: Within-Person Change and Associations of Change in Self-Esteem, Physical Self-Concept, and Physical Activity in Adolescent Girls." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 36, no. 6 (December 2014): 551–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2013-0258.
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The purpose of this study was to examine patterns of within-person change, and associations of change, in global self-esteem (GSE), physical self-perceptions (PSP), and physical activity in a sample of 705 Canadian adolescent girls over three measurements points and 24 months. The Physical Self-Perceptions Profile (PSPP) was used to measure GSE and PSP, and the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A) was used to assess physical activity. Latent growth curve models were used to analyze the data. All PSP variables except for body attractiveness demonstrated significant average decline, but also significant was the change in between-person heterogeneity. Change in GSE and PSP was moderately to strongly related on a between-person level and weakly to moderately associated on a within-person level. Change in physical activity was related to change in the majority of the PSP variables but not to change in GSE.
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Wang, Z., M. C. Acock, and B. Acock. "Phases of Flower Development in Opium Poppy under Various Temperatures." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 466F—466. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.466f.
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Flower development in opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) has been divided into four phases from emergence to anthesis, which mark changes in its sensitivity to photoperiod: a photoperiod-insensitive juvenile phase (JP), a photoperiod-sensitive inductive phase (PSP), a photoperiod-sensitive post-inductive phase (PSPP), and a photoperiod-insensitive post-inductive phase (PIPP). To predict flowering time under field conditions, it is essential to know how these phases are affected by temperature. Plants were grown in artificially lit growth chambers and received three temperature treatments: 15/10, 20/15, and 25/20°C in a 12-hr thermoperiod. Plants were transferred within each temperature regime from a non-inductive 9-hr to an inductive 16-h photoperiod or vice versa at 1- to 4-day intervals to determine the durations of the four phases. Temperature did not affect the durations of the first two phases (i.e., JP lasted 3 to 4 days and PSP required 4 to 5 days). The most significant effect of temperature was on the duration of PSPP, which lasted 28, 20, and 17 days at 15/10, 20/15, and 25/20°C, respectively. The temperature effect on PIPP was small (maximum difference of 3 days for treatments) and the data too variable to indicate a significant trend. Our results indicate that PSPP is the only phase that clearly exhibits sensitivity to temperature.
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AbuRahma, Ali F. "Duplex criteria for determining ≥50% and ≥80% internal carotid artery stenosis following carotid endarterectomy with patch angioplasty." Vascular 19, no. 1 (February 2011): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/vasc.2010.oa0245.
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The purpose of this study was to determine optimal velocities for detecting ≥50% and ≥80% restenosis prior to considering carotid intervention/carotid artery stenting (CAS) after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) with patching in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Two hundred CEA patients with 195 pairs of imaging (duplex ultrasound versus computed tomography angiography [CTA]/carotid arteriography) were analyzed. Peak systolic velocities (PSVs), end diastolic velocity (EDV) and internal carotid artery/common carotid artery (ICA/CCA) ratios were correlated to angiography. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves determined optimal velocity criteria in detecting ≥50% and ≥80% restenosis. The mean PSVs for ≥50% and ≥80% restenosis were 248 and 404 c/s, respectively ( P < 0.001). A PSV of ≥213 c/s was optimal for ≥50% restenosis with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and overall accuracy (OA) of 99%, 100%, 100%, 98% and 99%, respectively. An ICA PSV of 274 c/s was optimal for ≥80% restenosis with sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and OA of 100%, 91%, 99%, 100% and 99%, respectively. ROC analysis showed that PSVs were significantly better than EDVs and ICA/CCA ratios in detecting ≥50% restenosis. Standard duplex velocity criteria should be revised after CEA using patching. Specific carotid duplex velocities can be used to detect ≥50% and ≥80% restenosis after CEA with patch closure prior to carotid intervention/CAS.
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Senevirathna, Sri Sampath Janaka, Nurul Shazini Ramli, Ezzat Mohamad Azman, Nurul Hanisah Juhari, and Roselina Karim. "Optimization of the Drum Drying Parameters and Citric Acid Level to Produce Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Powder Using Response Surface Methodology." Foods 10, no. 6 (June 15, 2021): 1378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10061378.
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Purple sweet potato (PSP) is a rich source of anthocyanins, but the anthocyanin content and color can be affected by the drying method and processing condition. Response surface methodology (RSM) with a Box–Behnken design (BBD) was used to investigate the effects of citric acid (CA) concentration, steam pressure (SP) and rotation speed (DS) on the physicochemical and functional properties of drum-dried purple sweet potato powder (PSPP). The anthocyanins of the PSPP were analyzed using mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization and twelve anthocyanins were identified. The results indicated that the moisture content (4.80 ± 0.17–9.97 ± 0.03%) and water activity (0.290 ± 0.004–0.47 ± 0.001) (p < 0.05) decreased with increasing drum temperature as well as with reduced drum rotating speed. CA had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on the color and total anthocyanin content (101.83 ± 2.20–124.09 ± 2.89 mg/100 g) of the PSPP. High SP and low DS negatively affected the antioxidant properties of the PSPP. DPPH value of the PSPP ranged from 20.41 ± 0.79 to 30.79 ± 1.00 μmol TE/g. The optimal parameters were achieved at 0.59% CA, 499.8 kPa SP and 3 rpm DS.
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AbuRahma, Ali F., and L. Scott Dean. "Duplex ultrasound interpretation criteria for inferior mesenteric arteries." Vascular 20, no. 3 (June 2012): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/vasc.2011.oa0349.
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There is no specific duplex ultrasound (DUS) criteria for the diagnosis of inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) stenosis. This study will define the optimal duplex velocity values with the best overall accuracy (OA) in detecting ≥50% stenosis of the IMAs. Eighty-five IMAs with both DUS and mesenteric arteriography were analyzed. Eighty-five IMAs were examined: 45 were normal, 12 with <50% stenosis, eight with ≥50–69% stenosis and 15 with ≥70% stenosis (including occlusion) based on angiography. The mean peak systolic velocities (PSVs) for a normal IMA, <50% and ≥50% stenosis was 105, 215 and 392 cm/second, respectively ( P < 0.0001). The most accurate PSV in detecting ≥50% stenosis was ≥250 cm/second with a sensitivity of 90%, a specificity of 96% and an OA of 95%. The most accurate end-diastolic velocity (EDV) in detecting ≥50% stenosis was ≥80% or ≥90 cm/second, with an OA of 86%, a sensitivity of 60% and a specificity of 100%. The most accurate ratio in detecting ≥50% stenosis was ≥4 or ≥4.5 with an OA of 93%.Receiver operator curves analysis showed that the PSV was not better than EDV and PSV ratio in detecting ≥50% stenosis ( P = 0.1661 and 0.4568, respectively). In conclusion, specific IMA PSVs, EDVs and IMA/aortic systolic ratios can be used in detecting significant IMA stenosis with reasonable accuracy.
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Zhang, Xiuxiu, Hui Li, Hai Lu, and Inhwan Hwang. "The trafficking machinery of lytic and protein storage vacuoles: how much is shared and how much is distinct?" Journal of Experimental Botany 72, no. 10 (February 15, 2021): 3504–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erab067.
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Abstract Plant cells contain two types of vacuoles, the lytic vacuole (LV) and protein storage vacuole (PSV). LVs are present in vegetative cells, whereas PSVs are found in seed cells. The physiological functions of the two types of vacuole differ. Newly synthesized proteins must be transported to these vacuoles via protein trafficking through the endomembrane system for them to function. Recently, significant advances have been made in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of protein trafficking to these organelles. Despite these advances, the relationship between the trafficking mechanisms to the LV and PSV remains unclear. Some aspects of the trafficking mechanisms are common to both types of vacuole, but certain aspects are specific to trafficking to either the LV or PSV. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the components involved in protein trafficking to both the LV and PSV and compare them to examine the extent of overlap in the trafficking mechanisms. In addition, we discuss the interconnection between the LV and PSV provided by the protein trafficking machinery and the implications for the identity of these organelles.
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Kusumaatmaja, Halim, Alexander I. May, Mistianne Feeney, Joseph F. McKenna, Noboru Mizushima, Lorenzo Frigerio, and Roland L. Knorr. "Wetting of phase-separated droplets on plant vacuole membranes leads to a competition between tonoplast budding and nanotube formation." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 36 (September 2, 2021): e2024109118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2024109118.
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Seeds of dicotyledonous plants store proteins in dedicated membrane-bounded organelles called protein storage vacuoles (PSVs). Formed during seed development through morphological and functional reconfiguration of lytic vacuoles in embryos [M. Feeney et al., Plant Physiol. 177, 241–254 (2018)], PSVs undergo division during the later stages of seed maturation. Here, we study the biophysical mechanism of PSV morphogenesis in vivo, discovering that micrometer-sized liquid droplets containing storage proteins form within the vacuolar lumen through phase separation and wet the tonoplast (vacuolar membrane). We identify distinct tonoplast shapes that arise in response to membrane wetting by droplets and derive a simple theoretical model that conceptualizes these geometries. Conditions of low membrane spontaneous curvature and moderate contact angle (i.e., wettability) favor droplet-induced membrane budding, thereby likely serving to generate multiple, physically separated PSVs in seeds. In contrast, high membrane spontaneous curvature and strong wettability promote an intricate and previously unreported membrane nanotube network that forms at the droplet interface, allowing molecule exchange between droplets and the vacuolar interior. Furthermore, our model predicts that with decreasing wettability, this nanotube structure transitions to a regime with bud and nanotube coexistence, which we confirmed in vitro. As such, we identify intracellular wetting [J. Agudo-Canalejo et al., Nature 591, 142–146 (2021)] as the mechanism underlying PSV morphogenesis and provide evidence suggesting that interconvertible membrane wetting morphologies play a role in the organization of liquid phases in cells.
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Nie, Daijing, Fang Wang, Jing Zhang, Xvxin Li, Lili Liu, Wei Zhang, Panxiang Cao, et al. "Fanconi Anemia Gene Associated Germline Predisposition in Aplastic Anemia and Hematologic Malignancies." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-142452.
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Introduction Fanconi anemia (FA) is the most common inherited bone marrow failure syndrome with a surged cancer incidence, especially in hematologic malignancies, which has been listed in the entity of myeloid neoplasms with germline predisposition in the 2016 revision to the World Health Organization classification of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues.Whether FA heterozygotes are predisposed to bone marrow failure and hematologic neoplasm is crucial but unsettled. We therefore retrospectively analyzed rare possibly significant variations (PSVs) in the five most obligated FA genes, BRCA2, FANCA, FANCC, FANCD2, and FANCG, in 788 aplastic anemia (AA) and hematologic malignancies patients to address this issue. Methods Patients diagnosed as AA, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) from April 2015 to December 2018 in Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital were enrolled with the ones diagnosed as FA via chromosome breakage test and/or genetic test excluded. Detailed disease histories and workup files were retrieved from the electronic medical record. Amplicon-based high throughput sequencing of aforementioned five genes were performed. The significance of the germline missense variants was assessed by in silico prediction algorithms, including SIFT, Polyphen2, PROVEAN, FATHMM, MutationTaster, and MutationAssessor. Variant predicted as deleterious/possibly deleterious by ≥ 3/6 scoring tools was defined as rare PSV and further included in statistical analysis. For splice site mutations, GeneSplicer, Human Splicing Finder, NetGene2, and FSPLICE were employed and only when ≥2/4 algorithms predict to affect/possibly affect splicing, would the variant be regarded as possibly significant. Same criteria were adopted when stratifying variants recorded in the ExAC. All reported variants in this study were confirmed germline variants by Sanger sequencing with fingernail specimens and/or pedigree analysis. WFisher exact two-tailed test was adopted for variant frequency comparison. Development of disease was analyzed by cumulative incidence method and Kaplan-Meier method. p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results A total of 788 patients, who were all of the East Asian ancestry, were enrolled, including 341 females and 447 males (Figure 1A). The median age of onset was 10 (1-63), 27 (1-65), 14.5 (1-65), and 6 (1-53) years in AA, MDS, AML, and ALL subgroup, respectively. Sixty-eight variants were identified in 66 patients (8.38%). FANCA is the most frequently mutated gene (n = 29), followed by BRCA2 (n = 20) (Figure 1B). When compared to the ExAC East Asian dataset, there was an overall higher rare PSVs incidence in our cohort (p = 0.016). BRCA2 PSVs showed a higher frequency in ALL (p = 0.038), and FANCA PSVs were significantly enriched in AA and AML subgroups (p = 0.020; p = 0.008). The patients with FANCA heterozygotes also tended to show an increased risk for developing MDS (p = 0.075) (Table 1). No impact of FA-PSV status was found neither on cumulative disease incidence (Figure 1C). FA-PSV + MDS/AML patients have a heavier tumor mutation burden, higher rate of cytogenetic abnormalities, and less epigenetic regulation and spliceosome gene mutations than those of FA-PSV - MDS/AML patients (p = 0.024, p = 0.029, p = 0.024, and p = 0.013) (Figure 1D). Discussion The overall PSVs enrichment in our cohort buttresses that heterozygous mutations of FA genes abate the capacity of DNA homologous recombination repair pathway and contribute to hematopoietic failure. Furthermore, we present the first evidence that BRCA2 heterozygotes have a significantly higher risk of developing into ALL. Instead of all or nothing, the impact of different variant imposed on protein might be seen as a continuous variation. Therefore, contributions of the FA pathway defect could be latent and subtle but be profound as time goes by. We further firstly observed a higher incidence of cytogenetic abnormalities and somatic mutations with statistical significance, and lower frequency of epigenetic regulation and spliceosome gene mutations in FA-PSV + myeloid malignancies. This provides evidence that these FA-PSV carriers are prone to accumulate chromosomal structural abnormalities, and confer the congenital susceptibility of myeloid malignancies. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Takemoto, K., A. Yamamoto, and I. Takeuchi. "The origin of prespore vacuoles in Dictyostelium discoideum cells as analysed by electron-microscopic immunocytochemistry and radioautography." Journal of Cell Science 77, no. 1 (August 1, 1985): 93–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.77.1.93.
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Prespore vacuoles (PSVs) are specifically formed in prespore cells of the cellular slime moulds and contain spore-specific antigens. We have examined the processes of PSV formation in Dictyostelium discoideum, using both the methods of immunoelectron microscopy with antispore serum and electron-microscopic radioautography with [3H]fucose, which is specifically incorporated into prespore cells. When prespore cells begin to differentiate at the late aggregation stages the Golgi apparatus, consisting of stacked cisternae and numerous vesicles, becomes conspicuous. Vesicles and flat sacs containing fibrous and membranous materials, respectively, are derived from Golgi cisternae. Spore antigens are found in these structures as well as in immature and mature PSVs. Fucose is incorporated into the same structures. When prespore differentiation is completed, the Golgi cisternae almost disappear and both antigens and fucose are localized in mature PSVs. The Golgi apparatus is scarcely observable in prestalk cells. Moreover, a similar pattern of changes in the Golgi apparatus and related structures occurs during the re-differentiation of prespore cells within prestalk isolates. It is concluded from these findings that PSVs are derived from the Golgi apparatus, the development of which is closely related to the differentiation of prespore cells.
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Ujma, Sylvia, Sinead Carse, Alisha Chetty, William Horsnell, Howard Clark, Jens Madsen, Rose-Marie Mackay, et al. "Surfactant Protein A Impairs Genital HPV16 Pseudovirus Infection by Innate Immune Cell Activation in A Murine Model." Pathogens 8, no. 4 (December 6, 2019): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8040288.
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Infection by oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) is the principle cause of cervical cancer and other anogenital cancers. The majority of cervical cancer cases occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Prophylactic vaccines exist to combat HPV infection but accessibility to these in LMIC is limited. Alternative preventative measures against HPV infection are therefore also needed to control cervical cancer risk. HPV employs multiple mechanisms to evade the host immune response. Therefore, an approach to promote HPV recognition by the immune system can reduce infection. Surfactant proteins A and D (SP-A and SP-D) are highly effective innate opsonins of pathogens. Their function is primarily understood in the lung, but they are also expressed at other sites of the body, including the female reproductive tract (FRT). We hypothesized that raised levels of SP-A and/or SP-D may enhance immune recognition of HPV and reduce infection. Co-immunoprecipitation and flow cytometry experiments showed that purified human SP-A protein directly bound HPV16 pseudovirions (HPV16-PsVs), and the resulting HPV16-PsVs/SP-A complex enhanced uptake of HPV16-PsVs by RAW264.7 murine macrophages. In contrast, a recombinant fragment of human SP-D bound HPV16-PsVs weakly and had no effect on viral uptake. To assess if SP-A modulates HPV16-PsVs infection in vivo, a murine cervicovaginal challenge model was applied. Surprisingly, neither naïve nor C57BL/6 mice challenged with HPV16-PsVs expressed SP-A in the FRT. However, pre-incubation of HPV16-PsVs with purified human SP-A at a 1:10 (w/w) ratio significantly reduced the level of HPV16-PsV infection. When isolated cells from FRTs of naïve C57BL/6 mice were incubated with HPV16-PsVs and stained for selected innate immune cell populations by flow cytometry, significant increases in HPV16-PsVs uptake by eosinophils, neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages were observed over time using SP-A-pre-adsorbed virions compared to control particles. This study is the first to describe a biochemical and functional association of HPV16 virions with the innate immune molecule SP-A. We show that SP-A impairs HPV16-PsVs infection and propose that SP-A is a potential candidate for use in topical microbicides which provide protection against new HPV infections.
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Krishnan, Prakash, Arthur Tarricone, Bhaskar Purushottam, Simon Chen, Vishal Kapur, Karthik Gujja, Annapoorna Kini, and Samin Sharma. "Gender Differences in the Outcomes of Drug-Coated Balloon Treatment in Symptomatic Femoropopliteal Arterial Disease." Vascular and Endovascular Surgery 54, no. 4 (April 9, 2020): 348–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1538574420911508.
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Objectives: To assess 24-month outcome differences based on sex in symptomatic femoro-popliteal arterial disease of patients treated with drug-coated balloon (DCB). Background: Peripheral artery disease affects over 12 million people in the United States. Drug-coated balloons have shown to be effective in treating patients with symptomatic femoropopliteal arterial occlusive disease. Debate remains regarding its safety and efficacy in female gender. We investigated the differential treatment effect between genders. Methods: Patients (93 females and 102 males) with symptomatic femoropopliteal arterial disease treated with DCB from November 2014 to November 2015 were included in this retrospective study. We compared the resting ankle-brachial indices (ABIs) and peak systolic velocities (PSVs) by arterial duplex between the male and female patients at 6, 12, and 24 months postintervention. Results: Females had significantly smaller vessels (4.70 ± 0.9, P = .02) and higher body mass index (BMI; 30.0 ± 3.7, P = .002) than males. Females had significantly decreased ABI and PSV at the 6-month (ABI: 0.90 ± 0.15, P = .05 and PSV: 188.30 ± 103.1, P = .02), 12-month (ABI: 0.86 ± 0.15, P < .0001 and PSV: 219.10 ± 100.10, P = .001), and at 24-month (ABI: 0.84 ± 0.2, P = .0001 and PSV: 251.0 ± 135.9, P < .0001) intervals when compared to males. Females had increased clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 6 months (females = 8 vs males = 4, P = .22), 12 months (females = 12 vs males = 4, P = .02), and 24 months (females = 14 vs males = 6, P = .03). In simple logistic regression analysis, BMI, age, reference vessel diameter (RVD), and gender were strongly associated with target lesion restenosis. The final model included the above and it produced the following odds ratios (ORs): BMI (OR = 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98-1.2), age (OR: 1.0, CI: 0.96-1.03), RVD (OR: 1.6, CI: 1.02-2.4), and gender (OR: 3.5, CI: 1.6-7.8). Conclusion: Females treated with DCBs have significantly decreased ABI, PSVs, and an increased rate of TLR than their male counterparts.
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Liu, Jingyi, Bowen Guan, Huaxin Chen, Kaiping Liu, Rui Xiong, and Chao Xie. "Dynamic Model of Polished Stone Value Attenuation in Coarse Aggregate." Materials 13, no. 8 (April 16, 2020): 1875. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13081875.
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The polished stone value (PSV) of coarse aggregate is closely related to pavement skid resistance and traffic safety. However, the determination of the PSV of coarse aggregate is conventionally a time- and energy-intensive process. To facilitate the test process of PSV in materials selection and pavement design and for the prediction of the service life of aggregate materials in practical service, here a new mathematical model of PSV attenuation in coarse aggregate, which employs a physical polishing process analysis, is proposed. The PSVs of four types of coarse aggregates (calcined bauxite, granite, basalt, and limestone) were analyzed through a polishing experiment, and the corresponding mechanism was investigated via scanning electron microscopy analysis. The modeling results are in good agreement with experimental results. The aggregate PSV is affected by both the macrotexture and microtexture of the aggregate surface. The PSV due to the macrotexture exhibits a strong negative correlation with the Vickers hardness of the aggregates and decreases exponentially as the polishing time increases. The attenuation rate decreases as the fractal box dimension in the aggregate surface morphology increases. The primary factor influencing the macrotexture service life and the half-life is the aggregate surface morphology. The PSV due to the microtexture exhibits a strong positive correlation with the Vickers hardness of the aggregates, whereas there is a poor correlation with the aggregate surface morphology and polishing time. The proportion of the aggregate PSV due to the microtexture increases as the aggregate hardness increases. These results highlight the effectiveness of a new modeling approach that may potentially assist in predicting the anti-slip performance and durability of coarse aggregates.
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Moisidis, N. T., and M. D. Ratiu. "Enhancement of Pressurizer Safety Valve Operability by Seating Design Improvement." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 117, no. 3 (August 1, 1995): 279–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2842124.
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Operating conditions specific to pressurizer safety valves (PSVs) have led to numerous problems and have caused industry and NRC concerns regarding the adequacy of spring-loaded self-actuated safety valves for reactor coolant system (RCS) overpressure protection. Specific concerns are: setpoint drift, spurious actuations, and leakage. Based on testing and valve construction analysis of a Crosby model 6M6 PSV (Moisidis and Ratiu, 1992), it was established that the primary contributor to the valve problems is a susceptibility to weak seating. To eliminate spring instability, a new spring washer was designed, which guides the spring and precludes its rotation from the “reference” installed position (Figs. 6 and 7). Results of tests performed on a prototype PSV equipped with the modified upper spring washer has shown significant improvements in valve operability and a consistent setpoint reproducibility to less than ±1 percent of the PSV setpoint (testing of baseline, unmodified valve, resulted in a setpoint drift of ±2 percent). Enhanced valve operability will result in a significant decrease in operating and maintenance costs associated with valve maintenance and testing. In addition, the enhanced setpoint reproducibility will allow the development of a nitrogen to steam correlation for future in-house PSV testing which will result in further reductions in costs associated with valve testing.
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McKay II, Donald S., and Timothy J. Ellis. "Measuring Knowledge Enablers and Project Success in IT Organizations." International Journal of Knowledge Management 11, no. 1 (January 2015): 66–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkm.2015010104.
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Knowledge enablers exist at the organizational and project levels. There is however, no meaningful means to measure organizational or project knowledge sharing. The need to understand the elements that enable this flow of knowledge is dramatically evidenced in information technology organizations in which insufficient knowledge sharing leads to intellectual capital loss, rework, skills deterioration, and repeated mistakes that increase project costs or failures. The goal of this study was to examine the relationship among knowledge sharing processes at the organizational level – organizational learning enablers (OLEs) – the project level – project learning enablers (PLEs) – and project success variables (PSVs). After identifying and validating the OLE, PLE, and PSV constructs they were codified in a survey. Results showed a positive and significant relationship among OLEs, PLEs, and PSVs. A multiple regression indicated that the combination of OLEs and PLEs accounted for 30% of a project's success, however, PLEs alone were not statistically significant.
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Wang, Z., M. C. Acock, and B. Acock. "Photoperiod Sensitivity during Flower Development of Opium Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.)." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 681d—681. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.681d.
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Flower development in opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L. `album DC') is enhanced by long photoperiods (PP ≥ 16-hours). Predicting time to flower in field-grown opium poppy requires knowledge of which developmental stages are sensitive to PP and how the rate of flower development is changed by changes in PP. The objective of this work was to determine when poppy plants first demonstrated developmental changes in response to PP and how long PP continued to influence the time to first flower under consistent temperature conditions. Plants were grown in artificially lit growth chambers with either a 16- (inductive) or a 9-hour PP (noninductive). Plants were transferred at 1 to 3-day intervals from a 16- to a 9-hour PP and vice versa. All chambers were maintained at a 12-hour thermoperiod of 25/20°C. Poppy plants demonstrated developmental changes in response to PP four days after emergence and required a minimum of four inductive cycles before the plant flowered. Additional inductive cycles, up to of a maximum of nine, hastened flowering. After 13 inductive cycles, flowering time was no longer influenced by PP. These results indicate four phases between emergence and first flower: 1) a photoperiod-insensitive juvenile phase (JP); 2) a photoperiod-sensitive inductive phase (PSP); 3) a photoperiod-sensitive post-inductive phase (PSPP); and 4) a photoperiod-insensitive post-inductive phase (PIPP). The minimum durations (days) of these phases under the conditions of our experiment were JP = 4, PSP = 4, PSPP = 9, and PIPP = 14.
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Tugizov, Sharof M., Rossana Herrera, Piri Veluppillai, Deborah Greenspan, and Joel M. Palefsky. "46. HIV-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition in mucosal epithelium facilitates HPV paracellular penetration." Sexual Health 10, no. 6 (2013): 592. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/shv10n6ab46.
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Background The incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated epithelial lesions in HIV-infected individuals is substantially higher than in HIV-negative individuals. HIV may increase the risk of mucosal HPV infection by induction of an epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype that leads to reduced epithelial barrier functions. Methods: To model the effect of EMT on HPV entry, we used oral epithelial biopsies, and oral and anal keratinocytes from HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals. EMT was defined as loss of adherens and tight junctions, and induction of vimentin expression. To study epithelial HPV entry we used HPV-16 pseudovirions (PsVs) containing a plasmid expressing red fluorescent protein (RFP). PsV penetration was evaluated using confocal microscopy to detect RFP-generated fluorescence. Results: Compared with oral epithelia from HIV-uninfected individuals, oral epithelia from HIV-infected individuals had reduced adherens and tight junctions and expressed vimentin. Keratinocytes isolated from oral and anal tissues of HIV-infected individuals also showed loss of E-cadherin and induction of vimentin expression. Exposure of oral epithelial cells from HIV-uninfected individuals to HIV and HIV tat, gp120, and nef proteins induced EMT with reduced cell junctions and epithelial polarity, and allowed paracellular passage of HPV-16 PsV. Oral mucosal epithelial tissues treated with HIV tat and gp120 also lost tight junctions and allowed PsV paracellular penetration, leading to PsV entry into basal/parabasal cells. Conclusions: HIV-associated EMT in oral epithelia, and oral and anal keratinocytes leads to impaired barrier function. This facilitates entry of HPV/PsV into basal/parabasal cells, and may contribute to the increased incidence of HPV-associated malignancy in HIV-infected individuals.
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Zhu, Kemin, Junli Liu, Xianfeng Song, Weifeng Wang, and Hao Chen. "Refining Sparse Cell-ID Trajectory of Public Service Vehicles by Spatiotemporal Modelling." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2021 (January 27, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1586010.
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Mobile phone data have become a critical data source for transportation research. While a cell-id trajectory was routinely reorganized by International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI), it potentially allows to analyze transportation behaviors and social interaction of total population, with a full temporal coverage at low cost. However, cell-id trajectory is often sparse due to low reporting frequency and uncertainness of mobile holders’ position. So, the cell-id trajectory refinement has been recognized as challenging work to further facilitate trajectory data mining. This paper presents a comprehensive approach to identify cell-id trajectories of public service vehicles (PSVs) from large volume of trajectories and further refines these cell-id trajectories by a heuristic global optimization approach. The modified longest common subsequence (LCSS) method is used to match a cell-id trajectory and a public transportation route (PTR) and correspondingly calculates their similarities for determining whether the trajectory is PSV mode or not. Taking full advantages of the nature of a PSV tends to move on the PTR in uniform motion to meet a prescript visit to stops, a heuristic global optimization approach is deployed to build a spatiotemporal model of a PSV motion, which estimates new locations of cell-id trajectories on the PTR. The approach was finally tested using Beijing cellular network signaling datasets. The precision of PSV trajectory detection is 90%, and the recall is 88%. Evaluated by our GNSS-logged trajectories, the mean absolute error (MAE) of refined PSV trajectories is 144.5 m and the standard deviation (St. Dev) is 81.8 m. It shows a significant improvement in comparison of traditional interpolation methods.
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Wang, Zhongchun, Mary C. Acock, and Basil Acock. "Phases of Development to Flowering in Opium Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) under Various Inductive Photoperiods." HortScience 33, no. 6 (October 1998): 999–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.6.999.
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Four phases of development from emergence to anthesis of the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) are recognized based on transfer studies using 9- and 16-hour photoperiods: a photoperiod-insensitive juvenile phase (JP), a photoperiod-sensitive inductive phase (PSP), a photoperiod-sensitive postinductive phase (PSPP), and a photoperiod-insensitive postinductive phase (PIPP). The objective of this experiment was to determine how the durations of the photoperiod-sensitive phases changed when the plants were exposed to different photoperiods. Plants were grown in lamplit growth chambers with a 12-hour thermoperiod of 25 °C day/20 °C night. They were transferred from a noninductive 9-h to an inductive 12-, 14-, or 16-hour photoperiod or vice versa at 1- to 4-day intervals to determine the durations of the four phases. The average number of days to flower by plants grown continuously in a 16-hour photoperiod was 32 days. Days to flower were delayed by 10 days in the 14-hour photoperiod and by 36 days in the 12-hour photoperiod. The durations of the four phases were not equally affected by photoperiod. The first three phases were photoperiod-dependent, the photoperiod effect being nonlinear. The durations of JP, PSP, and PSPP were 3, 5, and 17 days in the 16-hour; 4, 8, and 23 days in the 14-hour; and 7, 14, and 40 days in the 12-hour photoperiod, respectively. The final phase was not sensitive to photoperiod (i.e., PIPP lasted 7 days regardless of photoperiod). Based on these results, we conclude that the so-called juvenile phase cannot be regarded as photoperiod-insensitive. To model the development of opium poppy under field conditions, a knowledge of daylength as early as seedling emergence may be necessary. The number of inductive cycles needed for floral induction and the rate of floral development largely depend on the photoperiod experienced.
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Römer, Claudia, Thomas Fischer, Oliver Haase, Martin Möckel, Bernd Hamm, and Markus Herbert Lerchbaumer. "Assessment of celiac artery compression using color-coded duplex sonography." Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation 76, no. 3 (December 22, 2020): 413–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ch-200903.
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BACKGROUND: Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) is a rare condition due to compression of the celiac artery (CA) by an anatomically abnormal median arcuate ligament. With ultrasonography (US) as first-line diagnostic modality in patients with unclear abdominal pain, there is limited data on its diagnostic performance in MALS. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of CA peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the workup of patients with suspected MALS. METHODS: Patients with diagnosis of MALS between 2009 and 2019 were referred by Department of Visceral Surgery after clinical and gastroenterological workup. Diagnosis was confirmed by surgery or further cross-sectional imaging. B-mode US findings and PSV in the CA during various respiratory states were compared between patients with a final MALS diagnosis and patients not meeting the diagnostic criteria. RESULTS: Patients with proven MALS (n = 10) had higher median CA PSV during normal inspiratory breath-hold (239 [IQR, 159–327] vs. 138 [IQR, 116–152] cm/s; p < #x003C;< #x200A;0.001), and expiratory breath-hold (287 [IQR, 191–412] vs. 133 [IQR, 115–194] cm/s; p < #x003C;< #x200A;0.001) compared to patients without MALS (n = 26). CA PSV in both inspiratory breath-hold (AUC 0.88, 95% CI 0.77–1.00) and expiratory breath-hold (AUC 0.89, 95% CI 0.78–1.00) was of diagnostic value for confirming MALS. The best diagnostic performance (100% sensitivity, 80% specificity) was found for the combination of CA PSVexpiration + 2.4 · PSVinspiration > 550 cm/s . CONCLUSIONS: Since results on optimal cutoff values are inconsistent, a combination of CA PSVs during breathing maneuvers may help to diagnose or rule out MALS.
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Ghose, Aruni, Michele Moschetta, George Pappas-Gogos, Matin Sheriff, and Stergios Boussios. "Genetic Aberrations of DNA Repair Pathways in Prostate Cancer: Translation to the Clinic." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 18 (September 10, 2021): 9783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189783.
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Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cancer in men worldwide. Due to the large-scale sequencing efforts, there is currently a better understanding of the genomic landscape of PC. The identification of defects in DNA repair genes has led to clinical studies that provide a strong rationale for developing poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and DNA-damaging agents in this molecularly defined subset of patients. The identification of molecularly defined subgroups of patients has also other clinical implications; for example, we now know that carriers of breast cancer 2 (BRCA2) pathogenic sequence variants (PSVs) have increased levels of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) at diagnosis, increased proportion of high Gleason tumors, elevated rates of nodal and distant metastases, and high recurrence rate; BRCA2 PSVs confer lower overall survival (OS). Distinct tumor PSV, methylation, and expression patterns have been identified in BRCA2 compared with non-BRCA2 mutant prostate tumors. Several DNA damage response and repair (DDR)-targeting agents are currently being evaluated either as single agents or in combination in patients with PC. In this review article, we highlight the biology and clinical implications of deleterious inherited or acquired DNA repair pathway aberrations in PC and offer an overview of new agents being developed for the treatment of PC.
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Cintineo, John L., Michael J. Pavolonis, Justin M. Sieglaff, Lee Cronce, and Jason Brunner. "NOAA ProbSevere v2.0—ProbHail, ProbWind, and ProbTor." Weather and Forecasting 35, no. 4 (August 1, 2020): 1523–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-19-0242.1.
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ABSTRACTSevere convective storms are hazardous to both life and property and thus their accurate and timely prediction is imperative. In response to this critical need to help fulfill the mission of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), NOAA and the Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS) at the University of Wisconsin (UW) have developed NOAA ProbSevere—an operational short-term forecasting subsystem within the Multi-Radar Multi-Sensor (MRMS) system, providing storm-based probabilistic guidance to severe convective hazards. ProbSevere extracts and integrates pertinent data from a variety of meteorological sources via multiplatform multiscale storm identification and tracking in order to compute severe hazard probabilities in a statistical framework, using naïve Bayesian classifiers. Version 1 of ProbSevere (PSv1) employed one model—the “probability of any severe hazard” trained on the U.S. National Weather Service (NWS) criteria. Version 2 of ProbSevere (PSv2) implements four models, three naïve Bayesian classifiers trained to specific hazards: 1) severe hail, 2) severe straight-line wind gusts, 3) tornadoes; and a combined model for any of the aforementioned hazards, which takes the maximum probability of the three classifiers. This paper overviews the ProbSevere system and details the construction and selection of predictors for the models. An evaluation of the four models demonstrated that v2 is more skillful than v1 for each severe hazard with higher critical success index scores and that the optimal probability threshold varies by region of the United States. The discussion highlights PSv2 in NOAA’s Hazardous Weather Testbed (HWT) and current and future research for convective nowcasting.
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Jiang, Liwen, Thomas E. Phillips, Christopher A. Hamm, Yolanda M. Drozdowicz, Philip A. Rea, Masayoshi Maeshima, Sally W. Rogers, and John C. Rogers. "The protein storage vacuole." Journal of Cell Biology 155, no. 6 (December 10, 2001): 991–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200107012.
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Storage proteins are deposited into protein storage vacuoles (PSVs) during plant seed development and maturation and stably accumulate to high levels; subsequently, during germination the storage proteins are rapidly degraded to provide nutrients for use by the embryo. Here, we show that a PSV has within it a membrane-bound compartment containing crystals of phytic acid and proteins that are characteristic of a lytic vacuole. This compound organization, a vacuole within a vacuole whereby storage functions are separated from lytic functions, has not been described previously for organelles within the secretory pathway of eukaryotic cells. The partitioning of storage and lytic functions within the same vacuole may reflect the need to keep the functions separate during seed development and maturation and yet provide a ready source of digestive enzymes to initiate degradative processes early in germination.
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Melamed, Julian, Ami Mehra, and Angela Ahuja-Malik. "A 5-year Study of Systemic Reactions Using both Shared and Patient-Specific Vaccines." Allergy & Rhinology 4, no. 2 (January 2013): ar.2013.4.0057. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ar.2013.4.0057.
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The safety of shared specific vaccines (SSVs) has been questioned by some experts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety of SSVs. Details of systemic allergic reactions after subcutaneous immunotherapy injections were captured on a standardized form from July 2005 to July 2010. Patient records were evaluated for factors that might be associated with increased rate of systemic reactions and, in addition, were examined for any errors. Systemic reaction rates (SRRs) using a combination of shared and patient-specific vaccines (PSVs) were similar to previously reported studies (0.23 reactions per 100 shots). There were no systemic reactions resulting from errors where the incorrect shared allergen was administered, but we did note one reaction after an erroneously administered PSV. There were two dosage errors associated with both shared and patient-specific immunotherapy. Most reactions were mild to moderate (World Allergy Organization grade, 1 or 2). Severe reactions with 911 activations were noted in six patients. Thirty percent of reactions occurred out of the office and the average time to reaction was 48 minutes. Epinephrine was administered in only 60% of patients. Epicutaneous reactivity to mites, cats, dogs, and pollen but not mold occurred significantly more in reactors. Differences in SRRs were encountered between satellite offices. Using a combination of SSV and PSV, SRRs were similar to previously reported studies; moreover, no systemic reactions occurred where a SSV was erroneously administered. SRR surveillance is a useful safety tool.
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Odoni, R. W. K. "Trigonometric sums of Heilbronn's type." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 98, no. 3 (November 1985): 389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004100063593.
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In problems of additive number theory one frequently needs to obtain a non-trivial estimate for the absolute value of a trigonometric sum of the typewhere f(X) ε ℤ [X] and 1 ≤ m ε ℤ. The general procedure is first to reduce the estimation to the case where m is a prime power, by means of the Chinese Remainder Theorem. The case m = pr (p prime) can often be reduced to that of a lower power of p, by a substitution of the type x = u + vps (where 0 ≤ u < ps and 0 ≤ v < pr-s), followed by the use of a p-adic Taylor expansion f(u+psv) = f(u) +psvf′(u) +…. Frequently this gives T(f, pr) = 0 when r ≥ 2, or at least allows one to reduce to the case m = p. In the latter case an appeal to Weil's estimateusually gives a good estimate for (0.1), at least if deg f = o(√p).
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McBroom, Carol A. K., and Rose Sheinin. "Effect of transfection manipulations on mouse cell cycle progression." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 69, no. 9 (September 1, 1991): 665–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o91-099.
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BalB/C-3T3 mouse fibroblasts and a temperature-sensitive derivative, ts 2e, were transfected by the calcium phosphate-dimethyl sulphoxide procedure to examine the effect of this manipulation on cell cycle progression. Cells were synchronized by growth to confluence in the presence of [2-14C]thymidine to generally label cellular DNA, and then subcultured from the G0 state. Plasmid pSV3-neo or pSV2-neo DNA was added to cells at 24 h post-plating, at peak Sphase. At designated intervals prior to, during, and after the transfection procedure, cells were labelled with [methyl-H]thymidine for 1 h to monitor nascent DNA synthesis and thereby assess cell cycle position. In all experiments performed, irrespective of the time of DNA addition, the transfection manipulations resulted in a reproducible, transient interruption of cell cycle progression, of about 5 h, and manifested as a delay in movement across the subsequent G1–S interface. Thereafter, the cycle resumed normally. The results indicated that the temporal sequence of the cell duplication cycle is altered when cells are exposed to exogenous DNA:Ca3 (PO4)2.Key words: transfection, cell cycle progression.
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Martinez, Juana M. Plasencia, Jose M. Garcia Santos, Maria L. Paredes Martinez, and Ana Moreno Pastor. "Carotid intima-media thickness and hemodynamic parameters: reproducibility of manual measurements with Doppler ultrasound." Medical Ultrasonography 17, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.11152/mu.2013.2066.172.ci-m.
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Aims: To evaluate the carotid ultrasound intra- and interobserver agreements in a common clinical scenario when making manual measurements of the intima-media thickness (IMT) and peak systolic (PSV) and end diastolic (EDV) velocities in the common (CCA) and the internal carotid (ICA) arteries. Material and methods: Three different experienced operators per- formed two time-point carotid ultrasounds in 21 patients with cardiovascular risk factors. Each operator measured freehand the CCA IMT three consecutive times in each examination. The CCA and ICA hemodynamic parameters were acquired just once. For our purpose we took the average (IMTmean) and maximum (IMTmax) IMT values. Quantitative variables were analyzed with the t-student, and ANOVA test. Agreements were evaluated with the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Results: IMTmean intraobserver agreement was better on the left (ICC: 0.930-0.851-0.916, operators 1-2-3) than on the right (ICC: 0.789-0.580-0.673, operators 1-2-3). IMTmax agreements (Left ICC: 0.821-0.723-0.853, operators 1-2-3; Right ICC: 0.669- 0.421-0.480, operators 1-2-3) were lower and more variable. Interobserver agreements for IMTmean (ICC: 0.852-0.860; first-second ultrasound) and IMTmax (ICC: 0.859-0.835; first-second ultrasound) were excellent on the left, but fair-good and more variable on the right (IMTmean; ICC: 0.680-0.809; first-second ultrasound; IMTmax; 0.694-0.799; first-second ultra- sound). Intraobserver agreements were fair-moderate for PSVs and good-excellent for EDVs. Interobserver agreements were good-excellent for both PSVs and EDVs. Overall, 95% confidence intervals were narrower for the left IMTmean and CCA velocities. Conclusions: Intra and interobserver agreements in carotid ultrasound are variable. In order to improve carotid IMT agreements, IMTmean is preferable over IMTmax.
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Golomb, Beatrice A., Myrna Cortez-Perez, Beth A. Jaworski, Sarnoff Mednick, and Joel Dimsdale. "Point Subtraction Aggression Paradigm: Validity of a Brief Schedule of Use." Violence and Victims 22, no. 1 (February 2007): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/vv-v22i1a006.
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The Point Subtraction Aggression Paradigm (PSAP) is a validated behavioral measure of aggression in response to provocation. Canonically, multiple sessions continue until performance asymptotes, requiring significant time. We sought to examine whether use of the PSAP-first-session (“PSAP-FS”) had acceptable construct validity for group data, potentially expanding the settings in which the PSAP may be useful. One hundred male and female young adult subjects completed the PSAP-FS and additional behavioral measures of aggression, and provided information related to risk factors. The PSAP-FS correlated significantly with known risk factors of aggression. The PSAP-FS, which measures aggression in the present, correlated well with measures of recent aggression and less strongly with life history of aggression. The PSAP-FS had satisfactory validity properties for use where group-level data are of interest.
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Vigil, E. L., A. L. Fleming, T. Fang, N. Chaney, and W. P. Wergin. "Comparative cytological and biochemical analysis of protein storage vacuoles from cotyledons and radicles of cotton seeds." Seed Science Research 6, no. 1 (March 1996): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096025850000297x.
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AbstractProtein storage vacuoles (PSVs) from radicles and cotyledons of dry cotton seeds were isolated by differential centrifugation following homogenization in glycerol. Protein complement analysis of isolated PSVs with one dimensional SDS-PAGE gels revealed similar major storage proteins, viz. 53 and 48 kDa, with differences in lower molecular mass proteins. Radicle PSVs have apparently more 35-kDa and less 22-kDa storage protein than do cotyledon PSVs. The mineral composition of whole radicles, cotyledons and isolated PSVs from radicles and cotyledons was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy and colorimetric elemental analyses. The concentration of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K) and phosphate (P) was lower in isolated PSVs from radicles than from cotyledons, resulting in a marked difference in the Mg/Ca and (Mg+Ca)/K ratios in PSVs from these two sources. Analysis of radicle and cotyledon tissue from dry seeds for mineral distribution with EDX and scanning electron microscopy revealed major concentrations of Mg, K and P in PSVs. These observations indicate that PSVs in radicles are similar in protein and mineral composition to PSVs in cotyledons. PSVs in radicles have the potential function as storage organelles to provide minerals and nutrients for radicle growth during imbibition and germination.
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Stock, A. F., Colin M. Ibberson, and I. F. Taylor. "Skidding Characteristics of Pavement Surfaces Incorporating Steel Slag Aggregates." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1545, no. 1 (January 1996): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196154500105.
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Steel slag, a by-product of the steel industry, has been used in road construction in South Yorkshire and its environs for the past 60 years. Local highway engineers have anecdotal evidence of good long-term antiskid performance from road surfacings that incorporate steel slag aggregate, and these materials have remained popular with users. In view of the move toward performance measurements for paving materials, a systematic study of the performance of paving materials incorporating slag has been set up as a combined industry-university project with the assistance of the Teaching Company Directorate. The evaluation of the skid resistance characteristics of steel slag aggregates and the skidding characteristics of pavement surfaces incorporating steel slag aggregate are reported. The research program developed a modified specimen preparation procedure that significantly reduced the scatter in polished stone value (PSV) results. The field data showed that all steel slag surfaces provided good long-term skid resistance and that the 14-mm chippings exceed the performance expectations of rock chippings with similar PSVs.
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Chaiyasut, Chaiyavat, Bhagavathi Sundaram Sivamaruthi, Netnapa Makhamrueang, Periyanaina Kesika, Sasithorn Sirilun, and Sartjin Peerajan. "PREPARATION AND STABILITY ASSESSMENT OF PERILLA FRUTESCENS SEED OIL POWDER." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 12 (December 1, 2017): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i12.21672.
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Objective: The present study deals with the preparation and stability assessment of Perilla frutescens seed oil powder (PSOP) by spray drying technique.Methods: Perilla oil emulsion was prepared with various combinations of emulsifiers and maltodextrin powder. The emulsion was dried in a spray dryer, and dried samples were packed and stored at 4, 25, and 40°C for 3 months. The changes in acid and peroxide value the fatty acid content of PSOP during storage were assessed. PSOP samples were subjected to scanning electron microscopic analysis to examine the size and shape of the particle.Results: About 9.52% of PSOP yield was obtained while 5% of whey protein was used as an emulsifier. The moisture content of the PSOP was 2.06 ± 0.23-3.08 ± 0.13%. The acid and peroxide values were increased from 1.49 ± 0.09 to 3.71 mg KOH/g of PSOP, 4.10-7.18 mEq/kg of PSOP, while stored in aluminum foil and kept at 40°C. About 39.97, 26.68, 24.78, and 7.47% of linolenic, oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acids were found in PSOP, respectively.Conclusion: The study revealed that spray-dried PSOP was stable when stored in the absence of light and air at low temperature. The spray-dried PSOP is the best candidate for pharmacological and food applications.
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&NA;. "Tecadenoson terminates PSVT." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1413 (November 2003): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-200314130-00015.
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Hua, Shao-Bing, Shyam K. Dube, and Shain-dow Kung. "Molecular evolutionary analysis of the psbP gene family of the photosystem II oxygen-evolving complex in Nicotiana." Genome 36, no. 3 (June 1, 1993): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g93-066.
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Photosystem II psbP protein of the oxygen-evolving complex is involved in the photosynthetic oxygen evolution in plants. Four psbP polypeptides were detected in Nicotiana tabacum on a two-dimensional gel by immunostaining the proteins with antiserum against the pea psbP Comparison of the protein patterns of psbP from N. tabacum and its ancestral parents, N. sylvestris and N. tomentosiformis, indicated that each of the ancestral parents has contributed a pair of psbP proteins. This was supported by Southern hybridization results, which suggested that psbP in Nicotiana is encoded by a gene family consisting of four members in N. tabacum and two members each in N. glauca, N. langsdorffii, N. sylvestris, and N. tomentosiformis. A scheme of molecular evolution of the psbP genes in Nicotiana is also proposed.Key words: molecular evolution, Nicotiana, oxygen evolution, photosystem II.
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Li, Zhiyuan, Kewen Wang, and Yanhong Liu. "Optimization of PSVR parameters of condenser based on MATLAB/Simulink simulation." E3S Web of Conferences 248 (2021): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124801009.
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Installing a power system voltage regulator (PSVR) on the condenser can enhance the dynamic voltage control capability of the local high-voltage bus voltage, but there are still few studies on the optimization of PSVR parameters. The dynamic model of the condenser is built to determine the analytical expression between the system voltage disturbance and the change of the control target, and the influence trend of PSVR on the dynamic voltage characteristics of the condenser is analyzed. Furthermore, in the MATLAB/Simulink environment, a PSVR-containing condenser model is built, and a quantitative index for evaluating the phase-frequency characteristics of the condenser is proposed. Based on this index, the PSVR time constant is optimized through the simulation of the dynamic voltage characteristics of the condenser, and using eigenvalue root locus method combined with dynamic simulation to coordinate PSVR gain coefficient, achieve PSVR parameter optimization. The simulation results under the single-machine and three-machine systems show that after the PSVR parameter optimization, the voltage oscillation mode of the condenser is effectively improved.
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Maloni, Krystal, Keith D. Calligaro, Nicholas Madden, Douglas Troutman, Kunal Vani, and Matthew J. Dougherty. "The Utility of Duplex Ultrasonography Surveillance in Identifying Failing Aortobifemoral Grafts." Vascular and Endovascular Surgery 55, no. 6 (April 5, 2021): 541–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15385744211000276.
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Objective: The Society for Vascular Surgery stated there are a lack of studies describing long-term surveillance for aortobifemoral (AoBF) bypasses. Our goal was to investigate the value of DU studies as a surveillance tool for AoBF bypasses. Methods: We retrospectively identified patients in our prospectively maintained database who underwent AoBF bypasses between 1995-2018. Surveillance was performed routinely with DU post-operatively, every 6 months for 1 year, and then annually. We considered “abnormal” DU findings to include peri-graft fluid, pseudoaneurysm or, peak systolic velocities (PSVs) > 350 cm/sec or PSV ratio > 3.5 anywhere from the proximal aortic to distal femoral anastomosis. If abnormalities were identified patients underwent intervention or shorter surveillance intervals. Results: Of 153 AoBF bypasses, 60 patients with 120 graft limbs fulfilled our post-operative surveillance protocol with a mean follow-up of 4.0 years (0.5-24 years). “Normal” DU surveillance studies were documented throughout follow-up in 112 (93%) limbs. Of these, 2 (1.7%) developed acute limb occlusion. Eight (6.7%) limbs had “abnormal” DU findings: 5 failing grafts with focal elevated PSVs, 2 with peri-graft fluid leading to a diagnosis of an infected graft, and 1 with a pseudoaneurysm (PSA). Contrast arteriography or CT-angiography confirmed > 75% diameter stenosis, fluid or PSA in all 8 limbs. Graft revision (5 endovascular, 2 surgical) was performed in 7 of the 8 limbs initially or after 2 successive “abnormal” DU studies within 6 weeks of each other; 1 patient refused intervention. Without surveillance, urgent or emergent treatment might have proved necessary in 7.5% (7 + 2 = 9/120) of cases instead of only 1.7% (2/120) of cases. Conclusion: Vascular surgeons should adopt DU as a useful surveillance tool to identify AoBF bypasses that are failing or have other problems not identified clinically. Persistence of “abnormal” DU findings should prompt operative or endovascular intervention.
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Kuo, Jen-Yuan, An-Mei Wang, Sheng-Hsiung Chang, Chung-Lieh Hung, Chun-Yen Chen, Bing-Fu Shih, and Hung-I. Yeh. "Responses of cardiac natriuretic peptides after paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia: ANP surges faster than BNP and CNP." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 310, no. 6 (March 15, 2016): H725—H731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00668.2015.
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Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) secretion increases after 30 min of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). Whether this phenomenon also applies to brain or C-type natriuretic peptides (BNP or CNP) remains unknown. Blood samples of 18 patients (41 ± 11 yr old; 4 men) with symptomatic PSVT and normal left ventricular systolic function (ejection fraction 65 ± 6%) were collected from the coronary sinus (CS) and the femoral artery (FA) before and 30 min after the induction, and 30 min after the termination of PSVT. The results showed that the ANP levels rose steeply after the PSVT and then reduced at 30 min after the termination (baseline vs. post-PSVT vs. posttermination: CS: 34.0 ± 29.6 vs. 74.1 ± 42.3 vs. 46.1 ± 32.9; FA: 5.9 ± 3.24 vs. 28.2 ± 20.7 vs. 10.0 ± 4.6 pg/ml; all P < 0.05). In contrast, compared with ANP, the increases of BNP and CNP in CS after the PSVT were less sharp, but continued to rise after the termination of tachycardia (BNP, 10.2 ± 6.4 vs. 11.3 ± 7.1 vs. 11.8 ± 7.9; CNP, 4.5 ± 1.2 vs. 4.9 ± 1.4 vs. 5.0 ± 1.4 pg/ml; all P < 0.05). The rise of BNP and CNP in FA was similarly less sharp after the PSVT and remained stationary after the termination. PSVT exerted differential effects on cardiac natriuretic peptide levels. ANP increased greater after a 30-min induced PSVT, but dropped faster after termination of PSVT, compared with BNP and CNP.
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Whitehead, James R. "A Study of Children’s Physical Self-Perceptions Using an Adapted Physical Self-Perception Profile Questionnaire." Pediatric Exercise Science 7, no. 2 (May 1995): 132–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.7.2.132.
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This project was a study of the validity and reliability of adapted versions of Fox and Corbin’s (10) Physical Self-Perception Profile (PSPP) and Perceived Importance Profile (PIP) for use with seventh- and eight-grade students. The Children’s PSPP and PIP (C-PSPP and C-PIP) questionnaires were completed by 505 students. Results supported the reliability and the construct and concurrent validity of the C-PSPP scales. Factorial validity of the C-PIP was not demonstrated. Similar to Fox and Corbin’s (10) results, regression analysis revealed that a large proportion of the variance in general physical selfworth (PSW) was explained by the C-PSPP scales. The hypothesis that PSW mediates between general self-worth (GSW) and the four C-PSPP scales in a hierarchical arrangement was also supported. Failure to psychologically discount the importance of perceived incompetence in specific areas impacted global self-worth. Correlations with physical fitness test scores provided evidence of concurrent validity of the C-PSPP scales.