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1
Engel, Alexander Adolf. "Die afbakening van die rol en funksies van die forensiese psigiatriese verpleegpraktisyn in 'n geselekteerde forensiese psigiatriese eenheid in die Wes-Kaap." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53366.
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Thesis (MCur)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: No clear description exists in S.A. of the role and functions of a forensic psychiatric nurse. The researcher conducted a research project based on more than 20 years of practice experience to define and describe the role and functions of the forensic nurse practitioner. A non-experimental descriptive study was done. Questionnaires and checklists were compiled to determine the perceptions of forensic psychiatric patients/clients (n =24) and nursing staff (n = 15) .The nursing activities in a selected forensic psychiatric unit was evaluated through nonparticipative observation. Results indicated that: • Patients experienced their environment as isolated and has a need for better support by the nursing staff; • Nursing staff indicated their need for more specific training in forensic psychiatric nursing; and • A need exists for specific protocols and procedures to guide his/her practice. The recommendations are made that: • A special training program for forensic psychiatric nursing needs to be planned and implemented; and • Procedures and guidelines must be established to guide the practice of the nurse practitioner.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Daar bestaan in S.A. geen duidelike omskrywing van die rol en funksies van die forensiese psigiatriese verpleegkundige nie. Die navorser het gegrond op meer as 20 jaar praktykervaring 'n navorsingsprojek gedoen om die rol en funksies van die verpleegpraktisyn te definieer en te omskryf. 'n Nie-eksperimentele, beskrywende studie is gedoen. Vraelyste en kontrolelyste is opgestel om die persepsies van forensiese psigiatriese pasiënte/kliënte (n=24) en verpleegpersoneel (n=15) te bepaal. Die verpleegaktiwiteite in 'n geselekteerde forensiese psigiatriese eenheid is deur nie-deelnemende observasie geëvalueer. Resultate het daarop gedui dat: • Pasiënte hulle omgewing as geïsoleerd ervaar en het 'n behoefte aan beter ondersteuning deur die verpleegpersoneel; • Verpleegpersoneel het aangedui dat hulle 'n behoefte het aan spesifieke opleiding in forensiese psigiatriese verpJeging;en • Daar 'n behoefte is aan spesifieke protokolle en prosedures om sy/haar praktyk te rig . Die aanbevelings word gemaak dat: • 'n Spesiale opleidingsprogram vir forensiese psigiatriese verpleging beplan en geïmplementeer word; en • Prosedures en riglyne daargestel moet word om die praktyk van die verpleegpraktisyn te rig.
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Kahn, Marc Simon. "The interface between Western mental health care and indigenous healing in South Africa: Xhosa psychiatric nurses' views on traditional healers." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002508.
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Xhosa psychiatric nurses stand unique at the interface between Western mental health care and indigenous healing in South Africa. They stem from a cultural history that is embedded within traditional health care discourses and yet are trained and work within a Western psychiatric model. In embodying the intersection between these two paradigms, they are faced with the challenge of making sense of such an amalgamation. These nurses' views are thus valuable in reflecting this intersection and illustrating many of the central concerns that surround it. This study explicates the views of these nurses toward traditional healers and their potential role in mental health care in South Africa. In addition, it illuminates some of the cultural dynamics at work amongst these subjects as they struggle to make sense of their unique cultural position. Using a questionnaire-based methodology, the views of Xhosa psychiatric nurses in a psychiatric hospital in the Eastern Cape, toward traditional healers and their role in mental-health care, were examined. The findings reveal that the vast majority of these nurses believe in traditional cosmology, involve themselves in traditional ritual practices and regularly visit traditional healers as patients. In suggesting ways in which indigenous healing and Western mental health care can work together, 75% of the nurses were in favour of a general referral system between the hospital and traditional healers, most (77%) agreed that certain patients would be better off being treated by both the hospital and traditional healers than they would if they were only being treated by the hospital alone, and 85% of the subjects agreed that patients who are already seeing traditional healers should check if psychiatric medication might help them. These findings indicate that these nurses operate across two healing systems which are at this point not conceptually compatible. This results in deep cultural tension for the nurses. In being entangled in the dialectical tension created in this context, the nurses manage the incongruencies in three general ways: a) Most, in one form or another, incorporate beliefs from both systems into an integrative model, b) some assimilate their cultural belief system into the Western mental health paradigm, throwing off their beliefs in traditional healing, and c) others remain ambivalent in the dialectic between traditional and Western health care discourses. Although this may suggest that these nurses reside within a cultural milieu that is somewhat unhealthy, at another level, in managing and containing the incompatibility between the two systems, these nurses ensure a space for on-going and healthy critique of the underlying assumptions involved in this health care malaise.
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Zonke, Lulama Henrietta. "The newly qualified professional nurses' proficiency in utilizing psychiatric nursing skills in mental health institution and community health care facilities." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1001098.
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The aim of this study was to determine the ability and proficiency of the newly qualified professional nurses in utilising psychiatric nursing skills at Chris Hani District Psychiatric Health Care Services in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. The research method was a qualitative, phenomenological approach. A purposive sample of newly qualified professional nurses and supervisors participated in the study. The data were collected through interviews and focus group discussions, using semi – structured interview guides. Interviews responses were recorded on the interview guide. Data were analysed using the computer software Atlas ti and manually. Positive and negative themes were identified. Ethical considerations were ensured by means of privacy, anonymity and confidentiality. Ethical clearance was obtained from the University of Fort Hare and permission from the Provincial Department of Health and Chris Hani District Health and Mental Health Institution at Queenstown was sought. The findings revealed that newly qualified professional nurses performed well, according to the perception of their supervisors. Newly qualified professional nurses were faced with challenges such as shortage of resources, mental illness not considered as a priority and lack of skills development. The study also revealed that newly qualified professional nurses focussed on the curative aspect of ailments, rather than preventive care. However community health workers (CHW) focussed on the preventive aspect of care. Limitations and recommendations based on the findings of the study are presented.
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Du, Plessis Anneki. "Guidelines for psychiatric nurses to assist in the care of female patients with bipolar disorder during their admission and stay in a tertiary level psychiatric facility in the Eastern Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021160.
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Bipolar disorder is the sixth leading cause of disability in the world among people aged 15-44. Bipolar disorder is a chronic psychiatric disorder with a significant impact on patients’ social, occupational, and general functioning well-being. Patients who are diagnosed with bipolar type 1 disorder are usually admitted to a psychiatric hospital as an involuntary patient which means that they will be cared for in a closed unit. In a critical analysis of the literature it was noted that not much is known of the experiences of patients in psychiatric wards. The researcher used a qualitative approach, with a phenomenological research strategy. An explorative, descriptive and contextual design was utilized to gain more insight into female patients’ lived experiences during their admission and stay in a tertiary level psychiatric institution. The research population was female patients who were diagnosed with bipolar disorder and who had recently experienced being admitted to and treated at a tertiary level psychiatric facility where they were treated for this condition. Purposive sampling was utilised to obtain the sample for the study. A pilot study was conducted before the study commenced to ensure the trustworthiness of the findings. The researcher obtained the data via semi-structured interviews as well as field notes and reflective journals. Data was analysed by using Tesch’s method as adopted by Creswell. Once the data had been analysed, a literature control was done in accordance with the findings. Guba’s model of trustworthiness was utilized to ensure that this study was trustworthy and credible. The researcher implemented ethical principles to ensure that no harm was done to the participants during the research study. Finally, guidelines were developed to assist professional nurses to manage patients optimally during their admission and stay in a closed unit of a tertiary psychiatric facility.
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Jantjies, Anderson Phumezo. "Primary health care nurses’ knowledge regarding symptoms of mental illness in HIV-positive patients." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/17614.
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive patients are at increased risk for developing mental health problems when compared with the general population. The identification and management of symptoms of mental illness in HIV-positive patients is thus crucial in reducing the risk to developing severe mental illness. The severe mental illness may lead to poor adherence to anti retro-viral drugs resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. The primary health care nurses are largely responsible for managing the treatment of HIV-positive patients as they spend the greatest degree of their time with these patients as compared to other health care professionals. Consequently it is important for primary health care nurses to identify symptoms of mental illness. However, it was unclear to the researcher, a professional psychiatric nurse, as to the level of knowledge among primary health care nurses concerning symptoms of mental illness in HIV-positive patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the knowledge of primary health care nurses regarding symptoms of mental illness in HIV-positive patients attending primary health care services. In addition, recommendations were developed for primary health care nurses for the purpose of improving their competence in the identification of symptoms of mental illness in HIV-positive patients attending primary health care services. The researcher has utilised quantitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual design. Bloom’s Taxonomy was used as a theoretical lens, to explore the primary health care nurse’s knowledge regarding symptoms of mental illness in HIV-positive patients. The study was conducted in the primary health care services situated in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan area. The research population consisted of the primary health care nurses working with HIV-positive patients in these primary health care services. The researcher utilised census survey to recruit participants. A structured questionnaire, with 3 sections was used in this study. The necessary principles of reliability and validity were exercised to ensure research of the highest quality. The data was analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. All ethical considerations pertaining to beneficence, maleficence, justice, autonomy and obtaining permission from relevant structures to conduct the study were strictly adhered to.
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Makaudze, Tsitsi Regina. "Assessing HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitude and perceived risks of professional nurses in a psychiatric hospital, Western Cape, South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6895.
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Magister Curationis - MCurAs South Africa continues to experience the highest prevalence of HIV/AIDS globally, co-occurring mental illness poses challenges for public health. Mental illness has increased among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), as infected individuals succumb to the psychological stress and trauma of the disease. Key research issues, not yet well established, relate to whether professional nurses, working in psychiatric hospitals in South Africa, are equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills to be able to provide effective mental healthcare services, given the increase in mental illness of PLWHA. An increase in mental illness translates into an increase in demand for psychiatric services by PLWHA. There is a paucity of research on HIV/AIDS knowledge of professional nurses working in psychiatric hospitals in South Africa, despite the established acknowledgement of the increase of mental illness amongst PLWHA. The aim of this study was to assess the HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitude and perceived risks of professional nurses working in a psychiatric hospital in the Western Cape, South Africa. A quantitative, descriptive survey design, using an all-inclusive sampling method, was used to select 121 professional nurses employed at a psychiatric hospital in Western Cape to participate in the study. The objectives of the study were to: describe professional nurses’ knowledge of HIV/AIDS; describe the attitudes of professional nurses towards PLWHA and mental illness; and determine professional nurses’ perceived HIV risks in a psychiatric hospital.
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Muhawenimana, Feza. "Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nurses towards hand washing at a selected Psychiatric Hospital in the Western Cape, South Africa." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7685.
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Magister Curationis - MCurStudies have shown that no great emphasis has been put on hand washing practices in psychiatric health facilities, despite the fact that nosocomial infection outbreaks have been reported for decades. Most studies have focused on hand washing practices among general health personnel; however, little is known about hand washing practices among nurses working at psychiatric hospitals.
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Matsoso, Tsietsi Martin. "An exploration of the perceptions of nurses in caring for psychiatric patients in a rural district hospital in Northern Cape, South Africa." University of Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6071.
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Magister Public Health - MPH (Public Health)Caring for psychiatric patients in the medical wards of rural district hospitals is of concern, as the hospitals are not designed to make provision for these patients. Psychiatric patients, especially those diagnosed with severe mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia and bipolar mood disorders may exhibit disruptive and aggressive behaviour which may be overwhelming to other patients who are not suffering from mental illness. The aim of the study was to explore the perceptions of the nurses caring for psychiatric patients in a rural district hospital, in order to gain a deeper understanding of their concerns and their experiences.
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Tuswa, Bulelwa Martha. "Experiences of professional nurses working in rural primary health care clinics regarding the nursing management of mentally ill clients in the Eastern Cape." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18507.
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In South Africa, mental health care is being integrated into primary health care services. The integration of services was aimed at increasing the accessibility and availability of all health care services at primary health care level. The integration was well intentioned, and it was hoped that mentally ill clients would benefit from having a service near their homes. However, the process of integration is fraught with challenges, for instance, staff shortages, which lead to ineffective nursing management of mentally ill clients at the primary health care clinics. As a result, one professional nurse is often allocated to manage the clinic services on a daily basis with the assistance of an enrolled nurse or auxiliary nurse. The professional nurses therefore experience high levels of stress due to gross staff shortages and lack of time to conduct proper nursing assessments. This led to the research question: “What are the experiences of professional nurses with regards to the nursing management of mentally ill clients in rural primary health care clinics in the O.R. Tambo District in the Eastern Cape?’’ The proposed objectives of the study were to explore and describe the experiences of professional nurses working in rural primary health care clinics with regard to the nursing management of mentally ill clients. The researcher thereafter made recommendations to the district managers regarding effective nursing management of mentally ill clients in rural primary health care clinics. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual design was used. The research population comprised of professional nurses working in rural primary health care clinics in the O.R. Tambo District in the Eastern Cape. Purposive sampling was used to identify participants and the sample number was determined by data saturation. Unstructured interviews and observation notes were used to collect data. The eight steps of data analysis suggested by Tesch were utilized to analyze the data. The researcher conducted an in-depth literature review in order to identify research gaps pertaining to the study. To ensure that a high level of validity and reliability was exercised throughout the study, the researcher conformed to Lincoln and Guba’s model of trustworthiness. The study was conducted in an ethical manner and ethical principles were adhered to. Findings: Three themes with subthemes emerged. The study showed that professional nurses experienced challenges related to the nursing management of mentally ill clients. These challenges included shortage of staff, a heavy workload, and lack of resources, lack of in-service training and workshops related to mental health issues coupled with lack of support from the supervisors. Due to the challenges, the mentally ill clients were not getting quality nursing care leading to complications and relapse. Conclusion: It emerged from the study that matters pertaining to mental illness and mental discomfort were still a serious problem in rural areas. The problems were related to the challenges which prevented professional nurses from providing quality nursing care to mentally ill clients with subsequent complications and relapse. Recommendations: Recommendations were made as an effort to ensure that the nursing management of mentally ill clients in rural primary health care clinics is improved. These recommendations were categorized as related to nursing practice, nursing education and nursing research.
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Netshakhuma, Nancy. "The experience of non- psychiatric trained professional nurses with regard to care of mental health care users in the Sekhukhune District, Limpopo Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1529.
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Deitz, M., and Stacey L. Williams. "Multiple Traumas and Psychiatric Disorders in South Africa." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8117.
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Berard, Raymond. "Psychiatric aspects of haematological malignant disease : the Groote Schuur experience." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25946.
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Ashley-Smith, Andrew. "A psychiatric service at a community hospital." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26611.
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The purpose of this dissertation is to evaluate an attempt to use the facilities of a general hospital with minimal psychiatric cover to deal with acute psychiatric conditions. This is in keeping with current psychiatric opinion in South Africa as expressed by Dr. C.W. Allwood and Dr G.A.D. Hart. This dissertation will examine the needs structure, difficulties and results of the provision of a service dealing with acute psychiatric disorders in a peripheral General Hospital and make suqqestions should similar satellite facilities be established at other peripheral hospitals. Although in principle. the concept of part-time specialist cover at a peripheral general hospital is not new in medical. surgical and gynaecological departments. the previous involvement of private psychiatrists within the teaching department has been in the form of out-patient department sessions only at academic and state psychiatric hospitals as is practiced in Cape Town. This project however allowed for the evaluation of emergency cases with subsequent referral to appropriate treatment centres if needed from a peripheral hospital. A consultation-liaison service within the general wards and the opportunity to conduct seminars, lectures and in-house training for all level of professional staff were also encompassed.
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Isaacs, Sedick. "The epidemiology of mild psychiatric disorders : the effect of social support, community cohesion and political dissent behaviour on mild psychiatric morbidity." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25999.
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Kilian, Sanja. "Interpreting practices in a psychiatric hospital : interpreters' experiences and accuracy of interpreting of key psychiatric terms." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1067.
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Jones, Tiffany F. "Contradictions and constructions, psychiatric perceptions in apartheid South Africa, 1948-1979." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ57189.pdf.
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Nell, Elzette. "Testing the Job Demands-Resources Model on nurses." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96658.
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Thesis (MCom)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African health care system is tormented by various challenges ranging from income inequalities, extreme resource scarcities to discrimination and violence. This makes the health care industry a tough work environment for health care personnel to operate in. South Africa has experienced the loss of thousands of nurses over the past decade, either emigrating or leaving the nursing profession altogether (Tshitangano, 2013). Consequently, this trend drew the attention to the well-being of nurses in South Africa. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the level of work engagement among private sector nurses in the Western Cape, together with their levels of job demands, job resources, personal resources, performance and job crafting. This was done using the Job Demands-Resources model (JD-R) of work engagement. The comprehensive JD-R model was tested and the validity of the proposed relationships between the constructs was examined. Moreover, additional paths in the model were proposed and tested. Managerial implications along with practical interventions were derived from the results with the aim to increase nurse well-being and retention. An ex post facto correlational design was used to test the formulated hypotheses in this research study. Quantitative data were collected from 311 nurses employed by a private hospital group by means of non-probability convenience sampling. A self-administered paper copy survey was distributed to hospitals given that they agreed to participate in the research. The survey was voluntary, anonymous and confidential. The survey consisted of five sections and included questions from five existing questionnaires, namely, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-17) (Schaufeli & Bakker, 2003), the Job Demands-Resources Scale (Rothman, Mostert & Strydom, 2006), the Work Design Questionnaire (Morgeson & Humhprey, 2006), the Psychological Capital Self-Rated Version (PsyCap-24) (Luthans, Avolio, Avey & Norman, 2006), and the Job Crafting Scale (Tims, Bakker & Derks, 2012). In order to test the statistical significance of the hypotheses, the data were subjected to Structural Equation modelling and regression analyses. The results indicated that the nurses experienced a high level of work engagement, and elucidated the fact that job resources, job demands, and job crafting aspects of their jobs are in need of industrial psychologist or managerial interventions.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Suid-Afrikaanse gesondheidsisteem word geteister deur verskeie uitdagings wat onder andere inkomste ongelykhede, ekstreme hulpbron skaarshede, diskriminasie en geweld insluit. Dit maak die gesondheidsindustrie ʼn moeilike werksomgewing vir gesondheidspersoneel om in te werk. Suid-Afrika het duisende verpleegsters oor die laaste dekade verloor as gevolg van emigrasie, terwyl ander die professie in geheel verlaat het (Tshitangano, 2013). Gevolglik het hierdie tendens die aandag getrek na die welstand van verpleegsters in Suid-Afrika. Die primêre doel van hierdie studie was om die vlak van werksbetrokkenheid onder ʼn steekproef van privaatsektor verpleegsters in die Wes-Kaap te ondersoek, tesame met hulle vlakke van werkseise, werkshulpbronne, persoonlike hulpbronne, werksprestasie en posverryking. Die Job Demands-Resources model (JD-R) of work engagement is vir hierdie doel ingespan. Die omvattende model tesame met die geldigheid van die voorgestelde verhoudings tussen die konstrukte is getoets. Addisionele verhoudings is ook voorgestel en getoets. Bestuursimplikasies en praktiese intervensies is van die resultate afgelei en word aan bestuurders voorgelê as moontlike oplossings om verpleegsters se welstand en retensie te verhoog. ʼn Ex post facto korrelasie-ontwerp is gebruik om die geformuleerde hipoteses in hierdie studie te toets. Kwantitatiewe data is van 311 verpleegsters ingesamel wat deur ʼn private hospitaalgroep in diens geneem word. Nie-waarskynlikheid gerieflikheidsteekproeftrekking is gebruik om die steekproef te bepaal. ʼn Self-geadministreerde vraelys is ontwikkel en as harde kopie uitgestuur na dié hospitale wat ingestem het om aan die navorsing deel te neem. Die vraelys is vrywillig, anoniem en konfidensieel ingevul en het uit vyf seksies bestaan. Die vyf seksies se vrae is opgemaak uit verskeie bestaande vraelyste, naamlik, die Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-17) (Schaufeli & Bakker, 2003), die Job Demands-Resources Scale (Rothman, Mostert & Strydom, 2006), die Work Design Questionnaire (Morgeson & Humhprey, 2006), die Psychological Capital Self-Rated Version (PsyCap-24) (Luthans, Avolio, Avey & Norman, 2006), en die Job Crafting Scale (Tims, Bakker & Derks, 2012). Ten einde die statistiese beduidendheid van die hipoteses te toets, is die data deur strukturele vergelykingsmodellering en regressie-ontledings ontleed. Die resultate dui daarop dat die verpleegsters 'n hoë vlak van werksbetrokkenheid ervaar, en dat werkshulpbronne, werkseise en posverrykende aspekte van hulle werk bestuurs- of bedryfsielkundige intervensies verlang.
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Manona, Wellman Wela. "Causative factors of turnover among public sector registered nurses." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51645.
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Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.Full text to be digitised and attached to bibliographic record.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Managing human resources is crucial to the efficient and effective delivery of quality health care. However, turnover of nurses constitutes a major factor in the shortages of staff which are being experienced by the nursing profession in the Republic of South Africa. Shortages of trained nurses with experience, particularly in public sector hospitals, have adverse effects on the provision of efficient and effective quality health care to the consumers of this service. The aim of the study was to provide an understanding of and insight into those inherent problems in the health sector that propel nurses to leave public sector institutions. The overall objective was to investigate and identify some of the factors which exercised an influence on the turnover of registered nurses in public sector hospitals, so as to be able to provide suggestions to hospital managers on the more effective management of human resources, in order to retain nursing personnel. Theresearch was based on a model of nursing turnover which regarded voluntary withdrawal as a process in which feelings of satisfaction with pay, on the one hand, and the opportunity of obtaining alternative jobs in the labour market, on the other, were proposed as the primary causative factors of turnover behaviour. In addition the propositions, made in literature reviewed, that age, tenure, kinship responsibility, general training, education, professionalism, marital status, lintent to stay', job satisfaction, routinization, job autonomy and responsibility, instrumental communication, promotional opportunity, integration, supervisory relationships, distributive justice, work-load, and local kin acted as predictors of turnover, were also investigated. The research was conducted with a sample of 123 nurses in one hospital, Groote Schuur, situated in the Western Cape Province of the Republic of South Africa. The sample included registered nurses, senior professional (registered) nurses, and chief professional (registered) nurses. The data was gathered from respondents by means of a selfadministered questionnaire. In addition, data was gathered by means of semi-structured, open-ended discussions with nursing management. The hypothesised interactions between variables influencing nursing turnover were explored by means of basic statistics, which made it possible to assess the effects of both independent and dependent variables. The results of data analysis provided some support for the proposition contained in the hypothesis. The determinants whose increase produced a greater degree of turnover were firstly, the many jobs available outside the hospital and secondly, professionalism. The determinants whose increase resulted in reductions in turnover were "intent to stay" (which the researcher views as a dimension of commitment), the existence of local kin (kinship responsibilities), participation in making job-related decisions (job autonomy), the receipt of sufficient work-related information (instrumental communication and good supervisory relationships), and tenure. The determinants whose decreaseresulted in increased turnover werepromotional opportunities, distributive justice, pay satisfaction, job satisfaction, integration, opportunity for self-development,age and tenure. Turnover of nurses has serious ramifications for employers, patients, and the nursing profession itself. Effective management of employee turnover is of critical importance to health care providers, employees, and patients. Better control of turnover can improve the quality of patient care, reduce labour costs, and improve employee morale.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die bestuur van menslike hulpbronne is die deurslaggewende omstandigheid ten einde die lewering van effektiewe en doeltreffende gesondheidsorg van gehalte. Nietemin, dra die omset van verpleegkundiges grotendeels by tot die personeeltekort wat tans deur die verpleegprofessie in Suid-Afrika ondervind word. Die tekort aan ervare, opgeleide verpleegkundiges, veral in die openbare sektor staatshospitale, het 'n nadelige uitwerking op die voorsiening van effektiewe en doeltreffende gesondheidsorg van gehalte aan die verbruikers van hierdie diens. Die doelwit van die studie was om 'n begrip te ontwikkel vir, en 'n insig te probeer kry in, daardie inherente probleme binne die gesondheidsektor wat verpleegkundiges dryf om die staatsinstellings te verlaat. Die oorkoepelende doel was die ondersoek en identifikasie van sommige faktore wat die omset van geregistreerde verpleegkundiges in staatshospitale beïnvloed. Die doel hiervan was om voorstelle aan hospitaal bestuurders te kan voorsien ten opsigte van die meer doeltreffende bestuur van menslike hulpbronne, in die strewe na behoud van verpleegpersoneel. Die navorsing is gebaseer op 'n model van verpleegomset wat vrywillige onttrekking as 'n proses beskou het waar gevoelens van salaristevredenheid, aan die een kant, en geleentheid tot alternatiewe betrekkings in die arbeidsmark, aan die ander, as die primêre veroorsakende faktore van omset-gedrag voorgestel is. Daarbenewens is die stellings vanuit die literatuurstudie dat die volgende dien as voorspellers van omset ook ondersoek: ouderdom, ampstermyn of dienstyd, verantwoordelikheid teenoor familie, algemene opleiding, opvoeding, professionalisme, huwelikstatus, 'voorneme om te bly', werksbevrediging, roetine, selfbestuur en verantwoordelikheid in die werksomgewing, bevorderlike kommunikasie, bevorderingsgeleenthede, integrasie, toesighoudende verhoudings, toedelende gereg, werkslading en plaaslike naasbestaandes. Die navorsing is uitgevoer met gebruik van 'n monster van 123 verpleegkundiges van een hospital, die Groote Schuur Hospital, geleë in die Wes-KaapProvinsie van die Republiek van Suid Afrika. Die monster het geregistreerde verpleegkundiges, senior geregistreerde verpleegkundiges en hoof geregistreerde verpleegkundiges ingesluit. Die data is verkry van respondente deur middel van 'n self-toegediende vraelys. Daarbenewens is data versamel deur half-gestruktureerde, niegeslote besprekings met van die verpleegbestuur. Die interaksie tussen veranderlikes ten opsigte van verpleegomset wat veronderstel is, is ondersoek deur middel van basiese statistiek, dus kon die uitwerking van afhanklike en onafhanklike veranderlikes bepaal word. Die uitslae van data-ontleding het wel ondersteuning verleen aan die voorstelling soos uiteengesit in die hipotese. Die determinante wie se toename 'n toename in die omsetkoers tot gevolg gehad het was, eerstens, meer werksgeleenthede buite die hospitaal en, tweedens, professionalisme. Die determinante wie se toename tot 'n vermindering in omset bygedra het was 'voorneme om te bly' (wat die navorser as binne die omvang van toewyding beskou), deelname aan werksverwante besluitneming (werks outonomie), die ontvangs van genoegsame werksverwante inligting (bevorderlike kommunikasie en goeie toesighoudende verhoudings), en ampsduur (dienstyd). Die determinante wat tot 'n vermindering in omset lei is bevorderingsgeleenthede, toedelende gereg, salaris bevrediging, geleenthede tot self-ontwikkeling, ouderdom en ampsduur. Die omset van verpleegkundiges het verreikende gevolge vir werkgewers, pasiënte en die verpleegsberoep self. Doeltreffende bestuur van werknemer-omsetis van kritiese belang vir gesondheidsorg voorsieners, werknemers en pasiënte. Die meer effektiewe beheer van omset kan die kwaliteit van pasiëntesorg verbeter, arbeidsonkoste verminder en die moraal van werknemers verbeter.
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Schlebusch-Marie, Linda. "Workplace violence among professional nurses in a private healthcare facility." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/12801.
Full textAbstract:
Workplace violence is an international problem and has negative consequences for individuals, organizations and communities. For individuals, the effect includes symptoms of fear, stress, irritability, feelings of isolation, insecurity, and low selfesteem. Healthcare organizations incur increased cost due to litigation due to poor quality of care, high staff turnovers and absenteeism, and their brands are negatively affected. Community members, who are the recipients of care, are placed in danger and are indirectly the victims of such workplace violence, which in turn affects their trust in private healthcare organizations or professions to provide the quality health care that they expect and deserve. Workplace violence takes many forms such as incivility, horizontal violence and bullying to name but a few. The perpetrators of such violence are doctors, nurses, patients and relatives. Workplace violence takes place in South Africa however, paucity in research was found by the researcher. The aim of the study was to explore and describe the experiences of professional nurses regarding workplace violence in a private healthcare facility in order to develop guidelines to address workplace violence in such a facility. A qualitative, explorative, contextual and descriptive study was conducted, using the Critical Social Theory as the paradigm. Data were gathered from professional nurses that have experienced workplace violence utilizing narratives. Fourteen narrative interviews were done until data was saturated. The data was transcribed verbatim and Tesch’s method of thematic synthesis was used to analyse the data. The three themes that emerged from the data were: Professional nurses acknowledge the existence of workplace violence where they work, Participants described the effect of workplace violence on themselves, others and the work environment, and Participants discussed their views regarding management of violence in the workplace. A thick description of the data with a literature control was provided. Thereafter inferences were made regarding the main themes of the guidelines and these focussed on: Preventing and addressing workplace violence by Nursing Service Managers; Preventing and addressing workplace violence by Nurse Unit Managers and Empowering professional nurses to address workplace violence. To ensure rigour and trustworthiness of the study, the researcher used Lincoln and Guba’s criteria namely: credibility, dependability, conformability and transferability. To protect the right and dignity of the participants and to safeguard the integrity of the study the researcher complied with the following ethical principles: beneficence, non- maleficence, autonomy, justice, veracity, privacy, and confidentiality. The limitations of this study were that data was collected from only one category of nurses and only one private healthcare facility was used. Recommendations from this study include implementation of the guidelines to establish their effectiveness. The findings of this study can be used to empower professional nurses to deal with workplace violence and to prevent the short and long term effects of workplace violence on the individual, the organization and the community. Nursing education institutions can also incorporate workplace violence into their curriculum to increase the awareness of students regarding this phenomenon.
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Hodgskiss, Jodi Lyndall. "Cumulative effects of living conditions and working conditions on the health, well-being, and work ability of nurses in Grahamstown East and West." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005186.
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Despite the many changes that have occurred in South Africa since the end of apartheid, there are still residual effects of it, as is evidenced in the disparity of living conditions between different racial groups. It is also evident that there are differences in the work tasks and working conditions of nurses working in different work environments. This project looks at how living conditions as well as working conditions interactively affect the health, subjective well-being, and work ability of nurses. Questionnaires were completed by, and interviews were conducted with nurses from Settlers Hospital and seven municipal clinics within Grahamstown (n=152). The participation rate was approximately 71%. The questionnaires included self-report, forced-choice questions regarding basic demographics of the nurses, work conditions, living conditions, subjective satisfaction levels, as well as a simplified version of the Nordic Questionnaire of Musculoskeletal Strain (Kuorinka et al., 1987), and the Work Ability Index (WAI) (Tuomi et al., 2006). The questionnaires were translated into Afrikaans and IsiXhosa. One-on-one interviews were conducted with the participants, in order to obtain a 24-hour dietary recall, an indication of physical activity levels, as well as measurements of stature, mass, waist girth and hip girth. Factor analysis was performed to identify common variance from amongst the variables, while canonical correlations examined the interaction between the sets of factors. It was found that variables relating to demographic factors, living conditions, and working conditions were closely linked to each other. Factors from each of these groups were associated with life, health, and job satisfaction, anthropometric measures, musculoskeletal strain, and WAI scores. Satisfaction levels appeared to be largely determined by socioeconomic status, while anthropometrics, WAI scores, and levels of musculoskeletal strain were associated with levels of smoking and drinking, race, age, stature, position and tenure.
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Cook, Jacqueline. "Psychiatric problems in the primary health care context: a study in the Border-Kei area." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002463.
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A clinic survey was undertaken to investigate the nature of psychiatric problems experienced by the primary health care (PHC) patient population in the Bisho-King William's Town area of the Eastern Cape Region. The study took as its point of departure research findings which attest to the high rate of psychiatric distress amongst this population group in different parts of the world and ohservations regarding the form of presentation in terms of physical complaints. Hypotheses posited relationships between psychiatric problems experienced by patients attending PHC clinics in the study area and four types of variables, namely; somatic complaints, socio-demographic characteristics, patterns of health service utilisation and patient satisfaction with health services. Using a quasi-experimental descriptive approach, a two-stage screening procedure sorted the patient sample into three groups on the basis of the degree of psychiatric symptomatology experienced. The triangulation of the results of between-groups analyses with case materials recorded during psychiatric interviewing provided for an ethnographic account of the cultural experience of distress in the study area. The screening process used standard instruments, the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) in the first stage and the Present State Examination (PSE) in the second stage. A pilot study was conducted prior to the fieldwork for the main study. Using the SRQ, thirteen psychiatric paticnts and 31 general PHC patients were sampled for the pilot study and 148 PHC patients were sampled for the main study. Using the PSE, 11 and 57 PSE interviews were conducted in the pilot and main studies respectively. Between-groups analyses used chi-square and F-statistics to investigate possible associations with identified patient correlates (P<0.5). These were socio-demographic, utilisation and satisfaction variables, measured by a separate face-valid self-response instrument compiled for the purposes of this study. Psychiatric symptomatology was found to be statistically significantly related to age, marital status and educational level. Further, patients experiencing more psychiatric symptomatology reported significantly more illnesses requiring treatment, longer consultation periods and a greater number of sick bed days. No statistically significant relationships were found between psychiatric symptomatology and number of children, number of failures at school, amount of treatment utilised, number of consultations, or patient satisfaction with services. Descriptive analyses of symptom and syndrome profiles found certain somatic complaints to be particularly prevalent amongst the patient sample. These include headaches and various tension pains, decreased energy levels and digestive problems. Qualitative analysis of interview data found that many somatic and psychiatric problems experienced constitute culturally defined and meaningful experiences, especially 'umbilini' (or nerves), 'ufufunyana' (a possession state), and accusations of witchcraft. Interpretation of complaints from the local traditional healing perspective, revealed a more complex mode of communication between patients and the health delivery system than may be accounted for in terms of a simple biomedical model. The interpretive analysis in the study showed that some forms of presentation incorporating somatic symptoms, such as 'nerves' may he viewed as help seeking behaviour of the socially unempowered. Implications of the results are discussed in relation to the need for improved identification and management of psychiatric distress at PHC level facilitated by a better developed referral network and closer interaction between biomedical and anthropological perspectives.
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Makie, Veronica Vatiswa. "Stress and coping strategies amongst registered nurses working in a South African tertiary hospital." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_3285_1189147984.
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A survey of the literature revealed that althougth a great deal of research has been carried out relating to stress and coping internationally, little has been written about nurses in South Africa. The aim of this study was to identify the possible causes and frequency of stress experienced by registered nurses working in a hospital, to identify the coping strategies used, to assess the relationship between stress and coping mechanisms of registered nurses, to compare stress and adopted coping strategies among registered nurses in the different units/wards, to identify the support systems that minimize stress and to address stress amongst nurses in South Africa.
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Steyn, Chantelle. "The psychofortology of female psychiatric out-patients living with mood and anxiety disorders." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/878.
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An overview of recent literature indicates that mood and anxiety disorders are the most prevalent of all psychiatric disorders. Depression and anxiety are estimated to be two of the most important causes of disease burden in the world and appear to be more prevalent among women than men. A skewed distribution exists in mood and anxiety research with limited research being done into the area of gender, more specifically females with these disorders. The present study therefore intended to explore and describe the psychofortology of female psychiatric out-patients living with mood and anxiety disorders. An exploratory descriptive research design was used and participants were selected by means of non-probability purposive sampling. The sample consisted of 60 female psychiatric out-patients who were selected for inclusion based on predetermined inclusion criteria. Data were gathered through the administration of a biographical questionnaire, Hammer and Marting’s Coping Resources Inventory (CRI), Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-29), Diener, Emmons, Larson and Griffin’s Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and Kamman and Flett’s Affectometer-2 (AFM-2). These data were then analyzed according to the aims of the study by the use of descriptive statistics, inferential statistics and multivariate data analysis, namely, K-means cluster analysis. The results indicated that the female psychiatric out-patients with mood and anxiety disorders were generally experiencing lower levels of coping and subjective well-being. The results indicated three clusters which appeared to have no statistical or practical significance to each other. The first cluster could be characterized as being “of relatively high psychofortology” and patients in this cluster presented with better coping and subjective well-being. The patients in cluster two could be characterized as being “of relatively average psychofortology” and the third cluster as being “of relatively low psychofortology”. The third cluster was characterized by patients who were experiencing poorer levels of coping and subjective well-being.
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Mangi, Nozuko Glenrose. "Evaluation of self-efficacy in clinical performance of nurses initiate and management of anti-retroviral therapy by South African professional nurses." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/4492.
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Self-efficacy in clinical performance is a very important aspect in quality of health care, because it is the ability of the person to produce the desired outcomes. The aim of the study was to evaluate self-efficacy in clinical performance of NIMART programme by professional nurses in Buffalo City Metropolitan in Eastern Cape Province South Africa. A quantitative, descriptive survey design was used to examine self-efficacy in clinical performance during implementation of NIMART programme. A purposive sample of 358 NIMART programme trained professional nurses was included in the study. Analysis of the finding was done using SPSS version 21.0. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentage, mean and standard deviations) were used to analyse categorical variables. To reduce data volume, factor analysis was used to identify six variable clusters: Evaluation; planning, assessment, implementation, and patient care mentoring. Factor 1 (evaluation) was highly loaded on patient driven results (0.63); nursing interventions (0.70); breakdown point location (0.80); prognosis based care decisions (0.79); prognosis based outcome monitoring (0.70); and prognosis based settings adjustment (0.70). These items collectively define evaluation of self-efficacy clinical performance of the participants. Factor 2 (planning) was termed planning of patient care in a clinical setting was significantly loaded on these items: data driven nursing diagnosis (0.51); patient driven nursing diagnosis (0.52); settings based nursing diagnosis (0.49); overall care plan formulation (0.52); short-term patients care formulation (0.58); long-term patient care formulation (0.66); goal based measurable outcomes (0.80); goal based daily patient care plan (0.79); settings based daily patient care plan (0.73). Factor 3 (assessment) which was termed assessment in clinical performance was not significantly loaded in some of the items: physical assessment (0.64); patient history (0.65); energy restoration (0.56); time management (0.71); objective patient health data (0.61); subjective patient health data (0.49); data collection documentation (0.44). Factor 4 (implementation) data source correlation; patient health data analysis (0.45); patient strength (0.46); nurse-patient/family communication (0.55); nurse patient collaboration (0.64); Experience driven decision making (0.58). Factor 5 (patient care) patient care plan adherence (0.65); setting based overall patient care (0.74); resource based overall patient care (0.59). Factor 6 (mentoring) patient’s concerns identification (0.48); patient problems prioritisation (0.46); mentor/colleague advice (0.43); mentor/colleague feedback use (0.61); patient discharge strategies (0.71); continuous reporting/documenting (0.63). The mean scores produced by the Kruskal-Wallis test showed the lowest scoring pattern as follows: 20122013201120142010. This order was the same for all the variables, confirming that the 2010 group scored significantly higher than any other group on all the variables. The overall results of the study revealed that professional nurses have high self-efficacy in clinical performance in implementation of NIMART programme, except in evaluation aspect of self-efficacy where they scored lessor. Professional nurses trained by FPD scored higher in the aspects of self-efficacy in clinical performance compared to RTC trained; but scored lower in evaluative ability of self-efficacy in both institutions (FPD and RTC). The findings of this study showed that the overall self-efficacy of the professional nurses trained on NIMART programme performed clinically satisfactorily. It is recommended that in-service education or continuous professional development for professional nurses working in PHC’s should not only concentrate on updating clinical skills, but also create opportunity for reflection and strengthening of professional nurses’ self-efficacy in clinical performance. Also, further study on other processes of goal realisation will aid our understanding of self-efficacy in achieving the desirable goals of the professional nurses for patient quality care. Further research is also needed to evaluate clients’ satisfaction during care based on the NIMART intervention programme.
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Herholdt, Karin. "Determinants of work engagement and organisational citizenship behaviour amongst nurses." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96987.
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Thesis (MCom)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa has a population of just over 50 million people. However, there are only approximately 260 698 nurses according to the register of the South African Nursing Council. The nursing shortage is not only limited to South Africa, but is a global phenomenon, and this shortage is getting worse every day. Various factors can be blamed for the increasing nursing shortage. Every day nurses face demanding working hours, stressful work environments and a large shortage of resources. Nurses from private hospitals regard themselves as "overworked money-making machines". Nevertheless, the health care needed by the population of South Africa is rapidly increasing. The high prevalence of HIV/AIDS is also a challenging contributor, worsening the nursing shortage crisis. The current dysfunctional nursing situation in the healthcare facilities of South Africa reflects a negative image of the nursing profession. Consequently, the number of individuals considering nursing as a profession is decreasing. The nursing shortage is not only a threat to the wellbeing of nurses, but to the lives of millions of South Africans who need health care. A common phenomenon amongst nurses is burnout, which leads to decreased quality of care and high turnover rates and contributes to the nursing shortage. Also, other nurses experience work engagement and display organisational citizenship behaviour in the same working environments than the nurses who experience burnout. Work engagement (WE) and organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) are ideal outcomes. This study investigated distinguishing factors between nurses that allow them to experience WE and exhibit OCB. The Job Demands-Resources model played an integral role in the study. Therefore, the specific focus of the study was job and personal resources, as well as job demands, as factors contributing to WE and OCB amongst nurses. Servant leadership (SL) as job resource, psychological capital (PsyCap) as personal resource, and IT (Illegitimate tasks) as job demand were identified as possible factors that explain the variance in WE and OCB. A literature review was conducted in which prominent antecedents of WE and OCB were identified. A number of hypotheses were formulated and tested by means of an ex post facto correlation design. The unit of analysis was nurses from two of the largest private hospital groups in South Africa. The nurses were employed at one hospital in Gauteng and three hospitals in the Western Cape. Data was collected from 208 nurses located within the chosen hospitals. Data collection on all five variables, namely work engagement, organisational citizenship behaviour, servant leadership, psychological capital and IT, was conducted by means of self-administered questionnaires. The measurements included in the self-administered questionnaire were selected in terms of their validity and reliability. The following measurements were included; Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), Organisational Citizenship Checklist (OCB-C), Servant Leadership Questionnaire (SLQ), Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) and the Bern Illegitimate Task Scale (BITS). The data collected was analysed by means of item analyses and structural equation modelling. A PLS path analysis was conducted to determine the model fit. The most significant findings were that SL, as a job resource, and PsyCap, as a personal resource, were positively related to WE amongst nurses. The results also revealed that PsyCap was positively related to OCB. Lastly, it was found that IT, as a job demand, are negatively related to WE amongst nurses. These results support the assumptions of the JD-R model that specific job and personal resources lead to WE. The results provide guidelines regarding practical managerial implications and strategies to address the challenges experienced by nurses. The results, together with the managerial implications, made it possible to provide valuable insights and recommendations for industrial psychologists, as well as for further studies.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid-Afrika het ‘n bevolking van net oor die 50 miljoen mense. Daar is egter volgens die register van die Suid-Afrikaanse Verpleegkunderaad net omtrent 260 698 verpleërs. Die tekort aan verpleërs is nie net tot Suid-Afrika beperk nie, maar is ‘n globale fenomeen, en die tekort word elke dag groter. Verskeie faktore kan vir die toenemende verpleërtekort blameer word. Verpleërs word elke dag gekonfronteer met veeleisende werksure, stresvolle werksomstandighede en ‘n groot tekort aan hulpbronne. Verpleërs by privaat hospitale beskou hulleself as “oorwerkte geldmaakmasjiene”. Nietemin neem die gesondheidsorg wat deur die Suid-Afrikaanse bevolking benodig word, vinnig toe. Die hoë voorkoms van MIV/VIGS is ook ‘n uitdagende bydraer wat die verpleërtekort vererger. Die huidige wanfunksionele verpleegtoestand in die gesondheidsorgfasiliteite van Suid-Afrika word weerspieël in die negatiewe beeld van die verpleegberoep. Gevolglik verminder die getal mense wat verpleging as ‘n beroep oorweeg. Die verpleërtekort bedreig nie net die welstand van verpleërs nie, maar ook die lewens van miljoene Suid-Afrikaners wat gesondheidsorg benodig. ‘n Algemene verskynsel onder verpleërs is uitbranding (burnout), wat lei tot ‘n afname in die kwaliteit van sorg en hoë omsetkoerse en bydra tot die verpleërtekort. Ander verpleërs ervaar egter werksbetrokkenheid (work engagement) en vertoon organisatoriese burgerskapsgedrag (organisational citizenship behaviour) in dieselfde omgewing waar verpleërs uitbranding ervaar. Werksbetrokkenheid en organisatoriese burgerskapsgedrag is ideale uitkomstes. Hierdie studie het onderskeidende faktore onder verpleërs ondersoek wat hulle toelaat om werksbetrokkenheid te ervaar en organisatoriese burgerskapsgedrag te vertoon. Die model van werkseise en hulpbronne (Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model) het ‘n integrale rol in die studie gespeel. Die spesifieke fokus van die studie was dus op werks- en persoonlike hulpbronne, sowel as werkseise, as faktore wat bydra tot werksbetrokkenheid en organisatoriese burgerskapsgedrag onder verpleërs. Dienaarleierskap en sielkundige kapitaal as werkshulpbronne, en illegitieme take as werkseis, is geïdentifiseer as moontlike faktore wat die verskil in betrokkenheid en organisatoriese burgerskapsgedrag verklaar. ‘n Literatuuroorsig is onderneem waarin belangrike antesedente van betrokkenheid en organisatoriese burgerskapsgedrag geïdentifiseer is. ‘n Aantal hipoteses is geformuleer en deur middel van ‘n ex post facto korrelasie-ontwerp getoets. Die eenheid van analise was verpleërs werksaam by twee van die grootste privaathospitaalgroepe in Suid-Afrika. Die verpleërs was werksaam by een hospitaal in Gauteng en drie hospitale in die Wes-Kaap. Data is by 208 verpleërs in die gekose hospitale versamel. Dataversameling oor al vyf veranderlikes, naamlik werksbetrokkenheid, organisatoriese burgerskapsgedrag, dienaarleierskap, sielkundige kapitaal en illegitieme take, is deur middel van selftoepasvraelyste versamel. Die volgende metings is ingesluit: Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), Organisational Citizenship Checklist (OCB-C), Servant Leadership Questionnaire (SLQ), Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) en die Bern Illegitimate Task Scale (BITS). Die versamelde data is deur middel van item-ontleding en struktuurvergelykingsontleding geanaliseer. ‘n Gedeeltelike kleinstekwadrate-baananalise (partial least squares path analysis) is onderneem om die passing van die model te bepaal. Die belangrikste bevindinge was dat dienaarleierskap, as ‘n werkshulpbron, en sielkundige kapitaal, as ‘n persoonlike hulpbron, positief verband hou met werksbetrokkenheid onder verpleërs. Die resultate toon ook dat sielkundige kapitaal positief verband hou met organisatoriese burgerskapsgedrag. Laastens is bevind dat illegitieme take, as ‘n werkseis, negatief verband hou met werksbetrokkenheid onder verpleërs. Hierdie resultate ondersteun die aannames van die model van werkseise en hulpbronne (J-DR) dat spesifieke werks- en persoonlike hulpbronne lei tot werksbetrokkenheid. Die resultate verskaf riglyne vir praktiese bestuursimplikasies en strategieë om die uitdagings wat deur verpleërs ervaar word, aan te spreek. Die resultate, tesame met die bestuursimplikasies, het dit moontlik gemaak om waardevolle insigte en aanbevelings vir bedryfsielkundiges, asook vir verdere studies, te maak.
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Toni, Gladys Nosisana. "Accelerated staff turnover among professional nurses at a district hospital." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/620.
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The study emanated from the researcher’s experience and involvement in clinical nursing and nursing management. The researcher noted how heavy losses of recruited professional nurses might have had an influence on the quality of service delivery. It is a costly and time-consuming task to recruit enough nurses into the profession and retention of staff is especially difficult. There had been a significant increase in the number of professional nurses leaving the district hospitals either to primary health care service, private hospitals or other countries. Before the commencement of the study the turnover rate at the district hospital where the study was conducted, almost doubled the accepted norm, which was ten percent of the staff. For those reasons the researcher decided to conduct a study named, “Accelerated staff turnover among professional nurses at a district hospital.” The constant heavy losses of qualified nurses from the profession constitute one of the serious challenges for nursing managers. The researcher wanted answers to the following question: “What were your experiences of your job as a professional nurse at the district hospital?” The objectives of the study were: · to explore and describe factors leading to high staff turnover of professional nurses at a district hospital · to develop guidelines to help retain professional nurses. The design of this study, which was conducted in one of the district hospitals in the Makana Local Service Area in the Eastern Cape, is qualitative, descriptive and contextual. Informed permission for conducting the research was obtained from relevant authorities and participants were asked to sign a consent form before the researcher proceeded with the study. Participants that met the selection criteria were selected by means of purposive sampling. Data was obtained by means of semi-structured telephonic interviews that were audio-taped and later transcribed verbatim. To ensure trustworthiness of the study, the researcher applied the four strategies as proposed by Lincoln and Guba (De Vos, 2002:351) namely, credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability. Collected data was analysed according to the descriptive method proposed by Tesch (in Creswell, 1994:154). The services of an independent coder, who was provided with transcripts and a protocol to guide data analysis, were utilised. A consensus meeting was held between the researcher and the independent coder to discuss the identified themes and sub-themes. Following the data analysis, a literature control was undertaken to highlight the similarities to and differences in comparison between this and previous studies. Four major themes and sub-themes were identified through analysis.
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February, Tracy Joan. "Attracting and retaining nursing educators : a study conducted within a private nursing education institution in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97322.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The shortage of nurse educators has an effect on the training of current and future nurses. A shortage of nurse educators leads to the inability to increase the number of student nurses, which results in a lack of trained nursing staff to meet the healthcare needs of the South African population. There is a need to gain an understanding of why nurse educators enter into and remain in academia versus the reasons why nurse practitioners – specifically registered nurses (RN) – choose to enter into and remain in practice. The prioritised reasons for entering into and remaining in nurse academia were investigated with a focus on: i.) The difference between the reasons why RNs enter into and remain in nursing practice ii.) The difference between the reasons why nurse educators enter into and remain in academia iii.) The difference between the reasons why RNs enter into nursing practice and reasons for nurse educators entering into academia iv.) The difference between the reasons why RNs remain in nursing practice and reasons why nurse educators remain in academia A descriptive, quantitative design was used to explore the factors that lead to nurses entering into and remaining in academia. An on-line, self-administered survey was used as the primary data collection instrument. Data was tabulated and presented in histograms and frequencies. The study found that: i.) RNs enter into and remain in nursing practice for the same reasons ii.) That nurse educators enter into and remain in academia for different reasons iii.) That RNs enter into nursing practice and nurse educators enter into academia for different reasons iv.) The primary reason for RNs remaining in nursing practice and nurse educators remaining in academia are the same The shortage of nurse educators is critical and it is essential that NEIs begin to institute plans focussing on the reasons behind nurse educators’ decision to stay in nursing education. Private NEIs should use the findings of this study to focus on areas that indicate satisfaction with the position rather than dissatisfaction in order to develop specific attraction and retention strategies.
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Fourie, René. "Registered nurses' knowledge related to the management of patients with diabetic keto-acidosis (DKA)." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/448.
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Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is on the increase globally, with further increases expected in developing countries, such as South Africa. World Health Organization (Medical Chronicle, 2006:14) estimations indicate that the number of DM sufferers will double over the next 30 years. This increasing number of diabetics is expected to have enormous economical implications. One of the consequences of the increase in DM sufferers is the increase in deaths due to diabetes related complications. In 2000, 3.2 million people died of DM and diabetes related complications compared with 3 million who died from HIV/AIDS related illnesses (William & Pickup, 2004:64). Health services are financially burdened by DM complications that result in heavy demands in both direct costs of hospitalization and medication as well as indirect costs such as manpower of staff involved in the care of the patient (Leuner, 2000:410). Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a prominent life-threatening complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus and, if not treated medically, it can lead to coma and death. DKA accounts for 14 per cent of all diabetic related hospital admissions and has a mortality rate of 5 to 10 per cent (Pickup & Williams, 2003:1). Rapid identification of DKA is necessary to improve patient care. George- Gray and Chernecky (2002:96) suggest patient outcomes are affected by the nurse’s ability to recognize the clinical features of DKA. It is important, therefore, for the nurses to understand the signs and symptoms and treatment of this diabetes related complication. National health policies and treatment guidelines should be aimed at addressing DKA treatment through setting guidelines for diabetic care (Peters, 2004:22). The main goal of this study was to determine registered nurses’ knowledge of DKA and to develop guidelines to assist registered nurses in providing adequate and effective health care to prevent DKA reoccurrence. The research study is based pm Bergam’s model on quality of care and accountability. Bergman claims that several preconditions must be filled in order to be accountable, including: • Accountability • Responsibility • Authority • Ability (Bergman (1982:8) emphasizes that ability reflects the registered nurses’ accountability, which is composed of values, knowledge and skills.) The study was divided into two phases. Phase one determined registered nurses’ knowledge related to the management of DKA. Phase two of the study included the developing guidelines to assist registered nurses in providing adequate and effective health care to patients with DKA. The design of the study is quantitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual; a survey was performed using a questionnaire based on a literature study. Ethical principals were maintained throughout the study. Permission to the study was sought from the Local Health Authorities and the heads of department where the research was undertaken. Findings of the research were analysed and discussed in the research. The knowledge of the majority of the respondents was found to be average. Out of the thirty- two respondents 52.8 percent possessed adequate knowledge the management of DKA and 63.4 percent possessed adequate knowledge on the management of DM. Two recommendations to assist registered nurses in the implementation of guidelines of the recommendations were also provided.
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Stein, Dan J., Stacey L. Williams, Pamela B. Jackson, Soraya Seedat, Landon Myer, Allen Herman, and David R. Williams. "Perpetration of Gross Human Rights Violations in South Africa: Association With Psychiatric Disorders." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8024.
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Background. A nationally representative study of psychiatric disorders in South Africa provided an opportunity to study the association between perpetration of human rights violations (HRVs) during apartheid and psychiatric disorder. Prior work has suggested an association between perpetration and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but this remains controversial. Methods. Subjects reported on their perpetration of human rights violations, purposeful injury, accidental injury and domestic violence. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th edition) disorders were assessed with Version 3.0 of the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0). Socio-demographic characteristics of these groups were calculated. Odds ratios for the association between the major categories of psychiatric disorders and perpetration were assessed. Results. HRV perpetrators were more likely to be male, black and more educated, while perpetrators of domestic violence (DV) were more likely to be female, older, married, less educated and with lower income. HRV perpetration was associated with lifetime and 12-month anxiety and substance use disorders, particularly PTSD. Purposeful and DV perpetration were associated with lifetime and 12-month history of all categories of disorders, whereas accidental perpetration was associated most strongly with mood disorders. Conclusion. Socio-demographic profiles of perpetrators of HRV and DV in South Africa differ. While the causal relationship between perpetration and psychiatric disorders deserves further study, it is possible that some HRV and DV perpetrators were themselves once victims. The association between accidental perpetration and mood disorder also deserves further attention.
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Beau, S. P. "Registered nurses' perceptions of factors causing stress in the intensive care environment in state hospitals." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/457.
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The complex environment of an intensive care unit is associated with a considerable amount of stress. Intensive care nurses are confronted daily with increasing work demands, emanating from the growing numbers of critically-ill patients; the introduction of highly sophisticated technologies in the intensive care environment; increasing competition between health care institutions; increased work loads; and limited career opportunities caused by, among other things, budget cuts by the government (Janssen, De Jonge & Bakker, 1999:1360). Research has shown that such stressors can result in mental, physical and behavioural stress reactions among nurses (Demerouti, Bakker, Nachreiner and Schaufeli, 2000:454). The objective of this study is to explore and describe registered nurses’ perceptions of factors causing stress in intensive care environments of state hospitals. The main purpose of the study is to develop guidelines for a stress management programme, to assist registered nurses to cope with the stressors in an intensive care environment. The research design is placed within a quantitative, explorative and descriptive contextual framework. Validity and reliability in testing and evaluating the research questionnaire are discussed, as well as the ethical and legal considerations relating to this research study. Findings of the research study will be utilized to assist the researcher in developing guidelines for a stress management programme to assist registered nurses in coping with stress in an intensive care environment
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Naicker, Sumithrie Sasha. "Abortion: social implications for nurses conducting termination of pregnancies in East London." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018254.
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Abortion is a highly controversial subject that has again come into the spotlight in South Africa due to the legalisation of abortion on demand in 1996. The results of various studies conducted since the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act 92 of 1996 was implemented, have indicated that abortion providers have met with a great deal of negativism and ostracism. This study focused on the implications of abortion work on nurses' social relationships with family, friends, colleagues and their communities. Recent literature was reviewed on the subject. The researcher however, found little information on this specific aspect of abortion. The study was conducted with abortion nurses from two government designated hospitals in the East London area responsible for abortion services. Thus, results cannot be generalised. This is a qualitative study that aimed at obtaining firsthand information regarding the personal experiences of abortion nurses. A non-probability sampling technique was used viz. criterion sampling. The Interview Guide Approach was used whereby in-depth, semi-structured interviewed were conducted with the guidance of a set of questions in the form of an Interview Schedule. The ten respondents were asked to share their recommendations as to possible measures that could address the challenges mentioned during their interviews. The researcher came to the conclusion that nurses' social relationships and lives are definitely impacted by abortion work. This impact is largely negative as the majority of respondents experience labelling, stigmatization and ostracism from family, friends, and their colleagues. Abortion nurses also experience a lack of social support, ambivalent feelings with regard to abortion, and a range of negative emotions ranging from stress and depression to frustration and anger. A number of repeat abortions are being done and there seems to be a general lack of contraception. The need exists for nurses to go to Value Clarification Workshops and also to get support in terms of compulsory, continuous, counselling. Separate wards should be set up for abortions whilst sex education should be included in school curriculums at both primary and secondary schools. Family planning and facts about the abortion process should also be included in these sex education programmes. Overall. the need exists for family planning initiatives to promote contraception and deter women from using abortion as a means of contraception. As this study reveals, conducting abortions has come at a great cost for the majority of nurses who lack social support and bear the brunt of anti-abortion sentiment expressed by significant others in their lives. The latter being the people who would normally be the one's they would turn to for help, counsel, support and assistance
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Slabbert, Meggan. "Three's a crowd: the process of triadic translation in a South African psychiatric institution." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002565.
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Mental health care in South Africa has long been governed by inequalities (Foster & Swartz, 1997). During apartheid, those who did not speak English and Afrikaans could not access mental health services in the same way as those who did (Foster & Swartz, 1997). One main reason for this is the majority of mental health practitioners could not, and were not required to speak languages other than English and Afrikaans (Swartz, 1991). The South African mental health literature suggests that language and communication must be prioritised if there is to be an improvement in mental health care services for those individuals who do not speak English and Afrikaans (Bantjes, 1999; Drennan & Swartz, 1999; Swartz & Drennan, 2000; Swartz & MacGregor, 2002). Drawing on Prasad's (2002) interpretation of Gadamer's critical hermeneutic theory and utilising thematic networks analysis (Attride-Stirling, 2001), this study investigated the process of translated clinical assessment interviews within a psychiatric hospital in the Eastern Cape Province within South Africa. Results of the study revealed that contextual factors, issues concerning linguistic and cultural heritage, clinicians' role expectations regarding translators' role performance, as well as relational dynamics regarding individual levels of control and influence within the translation triad, all impacted on the effectiveness of communication, translation and service provision. These fmdings are supported by literature on the theory and practice of translation that identifies these issues as prominent (Robinson, 2003). Specific recommendations regarding the formalisation of translation practices within the hospital setting, as well as the familiari~ation of clinical practitioners and psychiatric nurses with the intricacies of translation processes are offered.
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Oakes, Elizabeth Jean. "Personality traits of patients participating in a group programme at a private psychiatric day clinic." Thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/331.
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The current trend in psychiatric health care is towards comprehensive primary healthcare for all South Africans. This has been has been achieved by the restructuring of the National Health System (NHS) into national, provincial, district, and community levels, which provide outpatient and inpatient care at primary, secondary, and tertiary care levels. Assessment and treatment in the form of physical and psychosocial interventions form an integral part of psychiatric care. The value of personality assessment and, in particular, the potential for matching patient personality types with effective treatment options, may play a role in facilitating effective health care in the future. An overview of the literature indicates that little research has been done regarding the area of personality traits of psychiatric patients in South Africa. This study aims to explore and describe the personality traits or profile of individuals attending a private psychiatric day care facility in The Nelson Mandela Metropole (i.e., Parkwood Day Clinic). The sample consisted of 196 participants (104 male and 92 female) who attended a group programme from April 2000 to April 2001. As part of the programme, patients were required to com plete a series of pencil-and-paper measures. The questionnaires selected for this study included a biographical questionnaire, which was used to describe the biographical variables of the sample with regard to gender, age and marital status, and The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) (Costa & McCrae, 1992a), which was used as a measure of personality. The NEO PI-R is considered a concise measure of the five major domains of personality and some of the more important traits that define each domain. Together, the five domains Neuroticism (N), Extraversion (E), Openness (O), Agreeableness (A) and Conscientiousness (C), and the six facets within each domain, allow for a comprehensive assessment of adult personality. xiv An exploratory, descriptive method was used in the study, and the data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including correlations, cluster analysis, and multivariate analysis of variance. Key findings include the following: Results from the NEO PI-R domains showed a personality profile of very high scores for N, and average scores for E, O, A, and C. Within the sample, cluster analysis revealed five distinct personality profile clusters. For the biographical variable gender, significant differences were found between males and females on N, with the majority of males scoring in the category of Very High and High, and the majority of females scoring in the Average category. For the variable age, the results indicated significant differences on A, with participants in the young adulthood group scoring significantly lower on A than participants in the middle adulthood group. For marital status, on the domain of O, significant differences were found between the divorced or widowed and the married, with the married scoring in the Low category and the divorced or widowed in the Average category. On the domain of C, significant differences were noted between the singles group and the currently or previously married groups, with the single group tending to score lower on C than both other groups. These findings reveal a need for further research into personality traits and psychiatric samples, as consideration of personality traits based on the profile established, may be useful in matching patients’ characteristics with optimal treatment options.
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Lagarde, Mylaene. "Choosing to care : the determinants of nurses job preferences in South Africa." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2010. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/682409/.
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There is a growing recognition that a better understanding of the heterogeneity of motives and determinants of labour market choices is needed to inform policies intended to redress current maldistribution of health workers, particularly in developing countries. This thesis explored the influence of altruism and other individual characteristics on nurses' job preferences in South Africa, to investigate the impact of potential policy interventions designed to attract nurses to under-served areas. Primary data collection was carried out with a sample of 377 nurses. First, measures of altruism were constructed by playing the dictator game, a behavioural economic game. The nurses showed greater altruism than is usually seen in such experiments, suggesting that more altruistic individuals self-select into the nursing profession. Since actual choices could not be observed, a labelled choice experiment was then used to reproduce the job opportunities offered to nurses at the beginning of their career. In the analysis of nurses' job preferences, a positive correlation was found between pro-social values and preferences for public jobs, while individuals from rural backgrounds were more likely to prefer rural jobs. Another choice experiment was used to model the effects of potential policy levers to make rural public jobs more attractive. The analysis showed that packages including monetary incentives were often the most powerful, and it confirmed the preferences of nurses from rural backgrounds. Combining the two choice experiments, a Markov model was constructed to predict the long-term effects of different policies on nurses' distribution in the labour market. Building on these outcomes, a cost-effectiveness model compares the effectiveness of several intervention packages to attract nurses to rural areas. This analysis showed that monetary incentives are never cost-effective, unlike education opportunities and the selection of more individuals who were more likely to prefer rural areas, such as people of rural origins.
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Dunsdon, Jeananne. "Professional nurses experiences of a team nursing care framework in critical care units in a private healthcare group." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1444.
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A critical care unit is a dynamic and highly technological environment. Professional nurses who have been working in the critical care unit for a period of time are passionate about the environment in which they work. They find their on duty time challenging and stimulating. The critical care environment is slowly changing. Due to the fact that there are fewer professional nurses with an additional qualification in critical care available to work in the critical care units. The utilisation of an increasing number of agency nurses leads to an increase in sub-standard nursing care as well as dissatisfied doctors and patients. The shortage of critical care staff has resulted in the need to find an alternative human resources framework and still provide cost effective, safe quality patient care. This leads to the design and implementation of a team nursing care framework for critical care. The research objectives for this study were: - To explore and describe the experiences of professional nurses with regard to a team nursing care framework in private critical care units. - Develop guidelines to optimize the team nursing care framework in critical care units in a private hospital group. The research is based on a qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual research design. The study is based on a phenomenological approach to inquiry. Eleven in-depth semi structured face-to-face phenomenological interviews were utilized as the main means of collecting data. A purposive, criterion based, sampling method was used. Specific inclusion criteria were met and consent was obtained from the participants and from the management of the private clinic where the research was conducted. Two central themes were identified:- Theme One: The professional nurses experienced the team nursing care framework in the critical care unit as a burden. Six sub-themes were identified. - Theme Two: Professional nurses made recommendations for improvement of the team nursing care framework in the critical care unit. By describing the lived experiences of the professional nurses in the critical care units, based on research interviews, the researcher painted a clear picture of the team nursing care framework in the critical care unit. Guidelines were developed based on the identified themes. The broad guidelines are aimed at ensuring that the nurses are competent to care for critical care patients prior to them commencing work in the critical care unit. The researcher concludes this study by making recommendations for Nursing practice, education and research.
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Verwey, Oriana. "The extent of discharge planning by nurses for patients who have undergone valvular surgery." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/445.
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Valvular disorders can be corrected by means of surgery, after which very comprehensive discharge planning should be implemented to prevent the occurrence of post-operative complications. Advances in medical technology and intellect instigate earlier discharge for patients after they have undergone valvular surgery. The aim of this research study is to establish the extent of discharge planning by nurses for patients who have undergone valvular surgery, so that practice guidelines in the form of an in-service educational framework can be compiled for nurses in the management of these patients post-operatively. Patients, many of whom are from rural areas, are discharged without an adequate referral system. There are, currently, no set guidelines or referral persons to direct these patients during their rehabilitation period. Based on the researcher’s personal observations, it is evident that many patients suffer from bacterial endocarditis or clotted valves due to poor post-surgery management. However, both of these conditions could be avoided if proper health education was given to these patients. The study will take the form of a quantitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual survey. Data will be collected by means of a structured questionnaire that will be completed by the nurses working in the cardiac general ward and the cardiac clinic. Findings of the research study will be used to assist the researcher in developing an in-service educational framework for staff that are both nursing and preparing post valvular surgery patients for discharge. The goal is to prevent complications such as clot formation and endocarditis and to enable patients to deal effectively with their rehabilitation period.
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Mo, Yabin. "The knowledge and attitudes of registered nurses in public hospitals related to the prevention of HIV and AIDS transmission." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/571.
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) have brought about a global epidemic far more extensive than was predicted even a decade ago (van Rensburg, 2002:1). South Africa has one of the highest HIV prevalence rates in the world (South African Department of Health, 2000: 5), it still increase yearly. Before a vaccine and/or effective treatment become available, effective education and information campaigns are necessary for preventing the spreading of HIV and AIDS (WHO (the World Health Organization), 1988:21). According to WHO and ICN (International Council of Nurses) (1988:12), Nurses can play a pivotal role in the education of patients, their families and friends with regard to the prevention of HIV and AIDS transmission, so as to control the spread of this disease. In South Africa, more than 60 percent of the healthcare human resources comprise professional nursing practitioners (Muller, 2002: 95). Therefore, the education and training of nurses is one of the effective methods to preventing further spread of HIV and AIDS infection in South Africa. Accordingly, nurses need to reduce both personal and occupational risk of becoming infected with HIV themselves, as well as provide education to patients and their families. Before effective and efficient in-service education guidelines on the prevention of HIV and AIDS transmission can be developed, any knowledge deficit and negative attitudes of registered nurses regarding the prevention of HIV and AIDS transmission should be identified. Thus, it is important to survey the knowledge and attitudes of nurses in healthcare institutions related to the prevention of HIV and AIDS transmission. The main goal of the study was to explore and describe the knowledge and attitudes of registered nurses in public hospitals related to the prevention of HIV and AIDS transmission. The secondary objective was to develop in-service education guidelines for registered nurses in public hospitals to optimise both personal and occupational prevention measures relating to HIV and AIDS transmission. The research was conducted using a quantitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual design. The purposive sampling method was used to select the participants and a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. This data was analysed by inferential statistics and descriptive statistics and areas of deficits concerning knowledge and negative attitudes were identified. In this study there were deficits concerning the knowledge and negative attitudes regarding the prevention of HIV and AIDS transmission to a greater or lesser degree in all the subgroups of the questionnaire. In general, the registered nurses with the attendance of HIV and AIDS training program, experience in caring for HIV and AIDS patients made the level of certain knowledge related to the prevention of HIV and AIDS transmission different; Working experience as a registered nurses and the attendance of HIV and AIDS training programmes did not make attitudes towards the prevention of HIV and AIDS transmission significantly different. The registered nurses with experience of caring for HIV and AIDS patients had more positive attitudes than those without the experience. This information was used to compile in-service education guidelines for registered nurses concerning the prevention of HIV and AIDS transmission. The in-service education guidelines will be given to clinical facilitators at public hospitals. It is envisaged that this will guide them as to what to include in their in-service education programmes concerning the prevention of HIV and AIDS transmission for registered nurses.
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Kriel, Dora Jenice. "Perceptions of nurses with regard to staffing in the operating rooms of a private hospital." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18014.
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Despite a number of research studies showing the correlation between higher nurse staffing levels and improved outcomes, RCN members continues to report lower nurse-to-patient ratios than what research results suggests (RCN, 2011:1). This reflected a general concern within the nursing profession. The operating room requires appropriate staffing which is critical to the safety of surgical patients and quality of patient care. The research study was motivated by the researcher’s own experiences while working in an OR in a private hospital where continuous discussions were held with management about the shortage of skilled staff; and where a shortage of OR nurses resulted in the use of Central Sterilizing Department (CSD) staff to do OR duties. The objective of the study was to explore and describe the perceptions of nurses regarding staffing in the operating rooms of a private hospital in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District. The researcher used qualitative methods and designs to explore and described the perception of nurses regarding staffing in the operating room (OR) of a private hospital in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District. The research population of the study included all the nurses working in the OR of a private hospital. The total number of 20 OR nurses was individually interviewed by means of semi-structured interviews. Three main themes emerged that includes nurses ‘perceptions with regard to the implications of inadequate staffing in the OR; nurses experiences towards top management with regard to staffing in the OR and recommendations from participants to improve staffing in the OR. Research findings concluded that nurses have a perception that shortage of OR nurses causes lack of communication, physical, emotional and psychological strain. They also perceived OR nurses to work under unrealistic conditions and to receive added responsibilities due to staff shortages, which affect the overall delivery of quality patient care. Comments included failure of management to attend to staff complaints and the perception of high staff turnover due to a lack of recognition and acknowledgement of overworked staff.
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Mugerwa, Pumla Princess. "The relationship between clinical learning environmental factors and clinical competence of newly qualified registered nurses in public hospitals." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/19266.
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There is increasing concern that newly qualified registered nurses (RNs) find it difficult to make a smooth transition from completing their four-year nursing training to taking up their posts as first time RNs. In a constantly changing healthcare system, these newly qualified RNs are expected to work independently and be competent in applying the decision making and problem-solving skills gained during their training. While certain aspects of clinical incompetence may be ascribed to individual factors, the importance of the clinical learning environment and its influence on the development of clinical competence cannot be ignored. Nurses need support and guidance to effect a successful transition from being novice to competent nurse and the environment is regarded as important in developing technical competencies. The research study followed a positivistic, quantitative paradigm, where the hypothesized relationship between clinical learning environmental factors and clinical competence of newly qualified RNs were explored. Data was collected from the experienced RNs in the hospitals by means of a structured pre-existing questionnaire, namely the Competency Inventory for Registered Nurses (CIRN). Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used to analyse data. The analysed data was used to describe the findings. Recommendations were made based on the findings. Results suggested that the development of clinical competence is dependent on both the individual and context. Positive relations were reported between clinical learning environmental factors and clinical competencies.
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Sibeko, Catherine Rejoice. "Psychiatric nurses' communication with psychiatric patients." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10416.
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M.Cur. (Psychiatric Nursing)The psychiatric nurse, as a member of the multiprofessional mental health team, utilises a goal directed approach to assist the psychiatric patient to mobilise resources to promote, restore and maintain his mental health as an integral part of his quest for wholeness. This goal directed approach is the nursing process which comprises assessment, planning, implementing and evaluation. All four steps of the nursing process and the nurse's interaction wi th the patient are dependent upon therapeutic communication between the nurse and the patient to elicit the necessary information so as to be able to formulate the nursing diagnosis, nursing actions and the patients' outcomes. Therapeutic communication remains important as the core of all nurse-patient interactions. Lack of therapeutic communication with the patient can cause conflict in the patient's internal and external environments since he will be unable to communicate his needs and problems and this will delay the mental health promotion, restoration and maintenance phases. Currently much attention is paid to the pharmacological treatment of the patient as more and more sophisticated psychotropic drugs are produced, and yet the other aspect of the patient's treatment which is equally important is neglected, namely his communication during hospitalisation, especially with the psychiatric nurse as she is the person in direct contact with him and should spend most of her time interacting with him.
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Joubert, Perrene Dale. "An investigation into the roles of registered nurses and psychiatric nurses at in-patient psychiatric facilities and its implications for nursing education in KwaZulu-Natal." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/1687.
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Submitted in fulfillment of requirements for the Degree of Master of Technology: Nursing, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2015.Introducion Mental health nurses face challenging positions in practice. They are required to support and care for people hospitalised for treatment of mental illnesses on their recovery journeys but are also expected to manage ward administrative tasks, admit patients, attend meetings, dispense medication and communicate with patients (Gunasekara, Pentland, Rodgers and Patterson 2014: 101; Fourie, Mc Donald, Connor and Bartlett 2005: 135). It has been suggested that mental health nurses spend more time managing the ward environment and staff matters resulting in little time to develop and maintain therapeutic patient relationships (Fourie et al. 2005: 135). Problem Statement Research conducted in other countries identified the roles of the psychiatric nurse and mental health care nurses as attending to patients’ basic needs, assistance with self-care activities, monitoring and administering medication, ensuring safe environments in the health care setting and health education (Rungapadiachy, Madill and Gough 2004; Bowers 2005; Seed, Torkelson and Alnatour 2010). Although there is evidence of studies in psychiatric and mental health nursing locally, little is known about the roles of registered nurses and psychiatric nurses at in-patient facilities. OBJECTIVES • To explore which mental health problems are most commonly seen amongst psychiatric patients at these facilities. • To investigate the challenges faced by psychiatric nurses when caring for psychiatric patients. • To investigate what specialized knowledge and skills are required when nursing such patients. • To investigate whether their education and training prepared them adequately to deal with psychiatric patients and suggest guidelines to strengthen nursing education. METHODOLOGY The study utilized a quantitative non-experimental descriptive design to survey registered nurses and psychiatric nurses at in-patient psychiatric facilities in KwaZulu-Natal. A census was utilized in this study as the entire population was sampled. Data were collected using survey questionnaires. Phase two of the study, qualitative content analysis of Psychiatric nursing curricula strengthened the survey findings. FINDINGS Findings of this study showed that 98.4% of respondents believe psychiatric nursing care is an important aspect of holistic nursing practice. Respondents agree that challenges are commonly encountered in psychiatric nursing practice and that they are prepared to deal with these patients. However the aspects most frequently identified as needing greater attention in the Psychiatric nursing curricula were The Mental Health Care Act no 17 of 2002 and practical management of aggression, violence and de-escalation
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Zwane, Theresa Sheila. "Student nurses' experience of interaction with culturally diverse psychiatric patients." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12082.
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De, Beer Phillip. "The experiences of psychiatric nurses who have been exposed to aggression by mental health care users." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10976.
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M.Cur. (Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing)Injuries suffered by nursing personnel as a result of aggression by mental health care users are on the increase. The psychiatric nurses and assistant nurses working in a psychiatric institution may suffer physical trauma, which gets healed over time with proper treatment, but the emotional scars are not attended to, hence some of the psychiatric nurses and assistant nurses working in a psychiatric institution do not cope. The impact of this trend is enormous and it is reflected in the health care service. The main purpose of this research study is to explore and describe the experiences of psychiatric nurses and assistant nurses who have been exposed to aggression by mental health care users while working in a psychiatric institution, in order to formulate guidelines to promote the mental health of these psychiatric and assistant nurses to. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design was utilised in this study. There were two phases to the research, whereby phase one included the description and exploration of experiences of nurses who have been exposed to aggression by mental health care users in a public psychiatric hospital in Gauteng. In phase two, guidelines were formulated to promote the mental health of the nurses in this context. A purposive sampling method was used, since it provides information-rich cases for in-depth study. One-on-one in-depth phenomenological interviews were utilised to gather data. Lincoln and Guba’s approach to trustworthiness was adopted, and I employed the services of an independent coder - an experienced psychiatric nursing specialist - to assist. Thereafter a consensus discussion was held. Ethical principles were adhered to throughout the study. The findings of the research were discussed in the light of literature relevant to this research study and similar studies will be used to verify the findings. Tesch’s method of data analysis was utilised in analysing the data of this research study. The findings revealed that participants experience significant emotional distress as a result of both verbal and physical aggression by mental health care users. Aggressive behaviour was recognised by the participants as being the outcome of interplay between numerous interactional and contextual factors. Participants may at times, experience conflict between their job mandate – to care for the mental health care users – and their need for personal safety. This often results in a sense of ambivalence towards those they care for, as well as towards their job. The participants were of the opinion that they should be offered counselling or debriefing services by management after exposure to aggressive incidents in order to recuperate from the anxiety-provoking situation they encountered. They also mentioned that they do not receive enough training in handling aggressive mental health care users, hence at times they feel demotivated. Guidelines to facilitate the mental health of nursing personnel who have been exposed to aggression by mental health care users, were formulated and recommendations were made to psychiatric nursing practice, psychiatric nursing education and psychiatric research. Evaluation of the study was done and the role of an advanced psychiatric nurse in mobilising resources to facilitate the mental health of psychiatric nurses and assistant nurses working in a psychiatric institution who have been exposed to aggression by mental health care users, was outlined.
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Giliomee, Elsa. "Support for neonatal intensive care nurses by the advanced practitioner in psychiatric nursing." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7621.
Full textAbstract:
D.Cur.The goal of this research was to generate and describe a support approach for the advanced practitioner in psychiatric nursing to utilize for the neonatal intensive care nurse, working in a neonatal intensive care unit, in order to promote, to maintain and to restore mental health as integral part of health. Many changes occurred in the health care industry during the twentieth century. In South Africa, health care and social services that have developed, are grossly inefficient and inadequate. The Reconstruction and Development Program (R.D.P.), (1994:42-47), of the government of National Unity, designed therefore a number of programs to restructure the health care services , in order to contribute to the increasing prosperity and quality of life for all South Africans. Free health care has thus to be provided in the public sector for children under six, pregnant and nursing mothers. Free health care makes it more accessible for thousands of people who have avoided seeking help in the past, because of lack of funds. This large influx of patients to health facilities has placed a strain on staff, due to the increased workload. The neonatal intensive care nurses' workload and responsibilities have thus increased.
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Bvumbwe, Thokozani Macksham. "Clients' perceptions of therapeutic interaction with nurses at Escoval House Community Psychiatric Clinic in Durban." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4241.
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The objective of this study was to explore clients' perceptions and expectations of therapeutic interaction with nurses at Escoval House Community Psychiatric Clinic in Durban. Following the shift of psychiatric care from institutionalised care to community based psychiatric care, it was anticipated that the findings of the study would help to sensitise the primary health care nurses and community psychiatric nurses on how clients perceive the way nurses interact with them. This would help the nurses to ensure satisfactory interactions that would be therapeutic and enhances clients' recovery and well -being. The study utilized Human Relations Counselling Model in exploring the clients' perceptions. An exploratory descriptive survey was used to conduct the study, The study combined both qualitative and quantitative methods for the purpose of triangulation. Ten participants were involved in a focus group and one-hundred and sixty clients participated by filling in questionnaires. Simple random sampling method was used to select participants for both the focus group interview and those who filled in the questionnaires. Data from the focus group was analysed manually using content analysis. Data was presented by participants' direct quotes. Data from the questionnaires was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). For the quantitative data analysis, frequencies and percentages were used to analyse the data. Findings of the study were presented in tables and graphs. Although previous studies on clients' satisfaction have reported clients' satisfaction with mental health service delivery, the findings of this study have revealed that gaps still exist in
quality of care delivered to these clients. Findings show that there were mixed perceptions on the way nurse interact with clients during clients' monthly attendances.Thesis (M.N.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2003.
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Tshotsho, Ntombodidi Muzzen-Sherra. "A mobilization model of the advanced psychiatric nurse as practitioner." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5914.
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D.Cur.There is currently lack of mobilization of the advanced psychiatric nurse as a resource person in the mental health services of the Gauteng Province. This lack of mobilization of the advanced psychiatric nurse as a resource person in the mental health services, is associated with her supervisors who are the psychiatric nurse managers. The purpose of this research was to develop and describe a model that could be implemented to guide the mobilization of the advanced psychiatric nurse as a resource person in the mental health services in order to facilitate her mental health. The research also focused on developing guidelines for the implementation of the model for the mobilization of the advanced psychiatric nurse as a resource person. The model: "Mobilization of the advanced psychiatric nurse as a resource person: an interactive process", together with its operational guidelines was developed by using a theory generative design, that is, qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual in nature. This model was developed according to Chinn and Kramer's (1995) approach to theory generation, namely: identification of the central concepts for the model by conducting a field study to explore and describe the views of the advanced psychiatric nurse and those of the psychiatric nurse managers with regard to the mobilization of the advanced psychiatric nurse as a resource person in the mental health services of Gauteng; analysing the data gathered through focus groups interviews from the sample of the advanced psychiatric nurses and form the sample of psychiatric nurse managers using Strauss and Corbin's (1990) open, axial, and selective coding approach to guide data analysis; analysing the data by identifying, defining, classifying the concepts and placing them into relationship with each other to form relationship statements as the conceptual framework for the model; describing the model using strategies proposed by Chinn and Kramer (1995) and then subjecting the model to evaluation by experts in theory generation; describing the guidelines for the implementation of the model in the clinical setting.
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Mvunelo, Nomhle. "Workplace violence experienced by student nurses during clinical placement at psychiatric insitutions in KwaZulu-Natal." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13594.
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Workplace violence directed at student nurses in training in psychiatric institutions is a significant concern as it negatively affects the quality of learning and causes the students to have a negative perception of nursing as a profession. The absence of scientific data describing the perceptions of student nurses about workplace violence and their clinical learning outcome motivated the researcher to conduct the study. Quantitative, descriptive research was conducted to explore the influence that workplace violence will have on clinical learning outcomes of student nurses who are studying psychiatric nursing at psychiatric institutions in KwaZulu-Natal, in South Africa. Data was gathered using a 71 question questionnaire, which was adapted from the one used by Hewett (2010). With the necessary permission from the health authorities, the campus principals and the nursing students, a group of 4th year student nurses (n=163) from 6 campuses of the KwaZulu-Natal College of Nursing (KZNCN) who have worked in psychiatric units for at least 3 months and longer participated in the study. The study highlighted the types of workplace violence encountered by student nurses, the effects of workplace violence on students’ academic performance and the barriers to the reporting of workplace violence encountered by the student nurses. The study revealed that there is a large amount of non-physical, some physical and a few incidents of sexual violence directed towards the student nurses at the psychiatric institutions, and that it has a negative impact on student learning. The recommendations emanating from the study support the idea of a shared responsibility between healthcare and education institutions and the focus is on preparing and equipping the student psychiatric nurses to confront, withstand and break the cycle of workplace violence.Health Studies
M.A. (Nursing Science)
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Mulaudzi, Mulatedzi Precious. "Experiences of professional nurses working in the Maximum Security Ward - A Case study of Hayani Hospital, Vhembe District." Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1308.
Full textAbstract:
MCurDepartrment of Advanced Nursing Science
In mental health, a Maximum-Security Ward is a special setting for care of patients who are unique and exceptional. People who have committed crimes due to their mental conditions are admitted for care, treatment and rehabilitation. Patients admitted in this ward are verbally and physically aggressive, violent, unpredictable, unmanageable and at times manipulative. Professional nurses working in the Maximum-Security Ward are at risk of suffering from occupational stress, burnout, lack motivation and are anxious. The aim of this study is to investigate the experiences of professional nurses working in the Maximum-Security Ward at Hayani hospital. A qualitative approach using a descriptive, exploratory and contextual design was used. A purposive, convenient sampling was used to sample professional nurses working in the Maximum-Security Ward of Hayani hospital. In-depth interviews were used to collect data. A voice recorder was utilised to record all data and the researcher being the main instrument for data collection. Dependability, confirmability and transferability were upheld to ensure trustworthiness of the findings. Data was analysed using Tech’s eight steps approach. Three themes with their categories and subcategories emerged after data analysis. The themes were as follows: the participants’ views on type of patients admitted in the ward, participants’ views on safety in the ward and participants’ views on staff interaction. The study recommended the following: Emotional counselling and debriefing sessions to be conducted at regular intervals or after a traumatic incident. Motivational and team building activities to be organised for professional nurses. Safety of professional nurses must be of significant value. More support is needed in times of emotional difficulties. Development of a model to support professional nurses.
NRF
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"The lived experience of aggression and violence by nurses in a Gauteng psychiatric institution." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3245.
Full textAbstract:
M.Cur.Violence and aggression in psychiatric hospitals are a worldwide known phenomenon. South Africa is no exception to the rule. Previous researches conducted in psychiatric institutions have mainly focused on the patients, leaving everyone to guess how this violence affects nurses who are in contact with the patients on a daily basis and who are key role-players in the care, treatment, and rehabilitation of the patients under their responsibility. The research aimed to explore and describe the lived experience of aggression and violence by the registered nurses in a Gauteng psychiatric institution, the essence of this violence, and how nurses cope with this violence, in order to formulate guidelines and recommendations that could assist them to manage violence. A qualitative, explorative, descriptive, and contextual study design was utilised. Data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews, and naïve sketches. Tesch’s method was used for data analysis, here and an independent coder was utilised. The uniqueness of this study was to bring to the surface the other side of violence as it is perceived and lived by the nurses. The findings show that the nurses face violence on a daily basis. Among the contributing factors there are: the type of patients admitted in the hospital; the staff shortage; the lack of support among the members of the multidisciplinary team (MDT); and the lack of structured and comprehensive orientation. The consequences of this violence to the nurses are emotional, psychological, and physical and take the form of: fear, anger, frustration, despair, hopelessness and helplessness, substance abuses, absenteeism, retaliation, a development of an “I don’t care attitude”, injuries, and damage to personal properties such as clothes, and spectacles.
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Koen, Magdalena Petronella. "Die teoretiese onderrig en kliniese begeleidingsfunksie van die psigiatriese verpleegdosent." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9059.
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