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Journal articles on the topic 'Psychiatric nurses – South Africa'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Uys, L. R., and R. N. Zulu. "An Evaluation of the Implementation and the Effectiveness of Case Management in the Rehabilitation of Psychiatric Outpatients in South Africa." South African Journal of Psychology 26, no. 4 (December 1996): 226–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124639602600404.

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Patients with a major mental illness usually need long-term treatment and rehabilitation. Since the adoption of the principle of de-institutionalization of psychiatric patients in South Africa in the 1970s, most treatment has been done in the community, through a system of psychiatric outpatient clinics. There is now a growing realization that more is needed than treatment with medication, but in a developing country resources, both human and financial, are limited. It is therefore important to establish which rehabilitation strategies can be implemented in the South African services, and how effective they are. In this study case management was implemented in the psychiatric service to black patients in rural areas. A sample of 41 patients formed the experimental group, who were seen by six nurses trained as case workers. The control group consisted of 15 patients in another clinic, who received additional attention to routine care. There were specific problems with the implementation of case management, especially inadequate training of nurses in these techniques, the restrictions on the functioning of the nurse by legal provisions and organizational rules, and the paucity of community resources. The case management was found to positively influence functional status, but did not achieve symptom reduction.

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2

Madzhadzhi, Livhuwani Precious, Henry Abayomi Akinsola, Jabu Mabunda, and Helen Tosin Oni. "Workplace Violence Against Nurses: Vhembe District Hospitals, South Africa." Research and Theory for Nursing Practice 31, no. 1 (2017): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1541-6577.31.1.28.

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Introduction: Work-related violence is a common problem worldwide. In South Africa, the Medical Research Council conducted a study on workplace violence in the health care industry and reported that most respondents had experienced it in different forms. Purpose: This study aimed to identify the types and causes of workplace violence toward nurses in Thulamela hospitals, Vhembe district. Methods: The study employed a quantitative approach using a cross-sectional design. The target population was all nurses working in one regional and two district hospitals in the municipality. The sample consisted of 100 randomly selected participants from each hospital giving a total sample size of 300. Prior to the data collection, an ethical clearance and written informed consent were obtained from each participant. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Analysis was done using SPSS Version 20.0. Results: The study revealed that 85% of the respondents (255) had experienced workplace violence in the last 12 months with a range of 95% for threats to 60% for bullying. Regarding the gender of the perpetrators, females (71%) were the main perpetrators. Conclusion: This study concludes that workplace violence is a major occupational health issue in the district, most especially among the psychiatric nurses.

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3

van Rhyn, Lily. "The child psychiatric nurse specialist in South Africa." Journal of Child & Adolescent Mental Health 18, no. 2 (October 2006): v—vi. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/17280580609486621.

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4

Uys, Leana Ria, Hasina Subedar, and Wendy Lewis. "Educating nurses for primary psychiatric care: A South African perspective." Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 9, no. 6 (December 1995): 348–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0883-9417(95)80058-1.

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5

Honikman, Simone, Sally Field, and Sara Cooper. "The Secret History method and the development of an ethos of care: Preparing the maternity environment for integrating mental health care in South Africa." Transcultural Psychiatry 57, no. 1 (May 8, 2019): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363461519844640.

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South Africa, like many low-and-middle-income countries, is integrating mental health services into routine Primary Health Care (PHC) through a task-shifting approach to reduce the gaps in treatment coverage. There is concern, however, that this approach will exacerbate nurses’ abuse of patients currently common within PHC in the country. To address this concern, the Perinatal Mental Health Project developed its Secret History method, a critical pedagogical intervention for care-providers working within maternity settings. This article describes the method’s theoretical underpinnings and practical application amongst nurses. Drawing on Augusto Boal’s Theatre of the Oppressed and contrary to traditional nursing training in South Africa, the method creates a space for nurses to interrogate and reimagine nurse–patient relations. By introducing nurses to a counter ideology of empathic care, the method seeks to prepare the maternity environment for mental health task-shifting initiatives and ensure these initiatives are more democratic, responsive and humane.

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6

Thothela, S., A. E. Van der Wath, and E. S. Janse van Rensburg. "FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO RELAPSE OF MENTAL HEALTH CARE USERS TREATED FOR SUBSTANCEINDUCED PSYCHOTIC DISORDER IN A PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITAL IN GAUTENG, SOUTH AFRICA." Africa Journal of Nursing and Midwifery 16, no. 1 (September 10, 2016): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2520-5293/1489.

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This study explored the factors contributing to relapse of mental health care users (MHCUs) treated for substance-induced psychotic disorder in a public psychiatric hospital in Gauteng, South Africa. A qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual research design was followed. The study was conducted at the outpatient department of the hospital. Participants were selected purposefully from MHCUs visiting the outpatient department for follow-up. Ten semistructured interviews were used to collect data until data saturation occurred. The transcribed interviews and field notes were analysed using Tesch’s method of qualitative data analysis. The researcher and an independent coder reached consensus on the categories, sub-categories and themes. Trustworthiness was ensured through application of the strategies of dependability, transferability, conformability, credibility and authenticity. The findings explicated the factors contributing to relapse of MHCUs treated for substanceinduced psychotic disorder in a psychiatric hospital. These factors included psychological, physical and social factors. Recommendations were provided for psychiatric nurses in terms of therapeutic programme planning and involvement of the community and family in the management of MHCUs treated for substance-induced psychotic disorder.

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7

Moosa, M. Y. H., and F. Y. Jeenah. "Community psychiatry: An audit of the services in southern Gauteng." South African Journal of Psychiatry 14, no. 2 (June 1, 2008): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v14i2.156.

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<p><strong>Aim</strong>. To audit the community psychiatric services in southern Gauteng with a view to determining whether the objectives of the country’s mental health legislation and policies are being achieved.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>. Although southern Gauteng’s community psychiatric clinics are situated in a primary health setting, primary health clinicians play no active role in the management of mentally ill patients. Care is supplied mainly by specialist psychiatrists, psychiatric registrars (in training) and psychiatric nurses. For first appointments, a mean of 2 patients are seen per doctor per clinic day for a mean duration of 30 minutes. For follow- up appointments, a mean of 17 patients are seen per doctor per clinic day for a mean duration of 8 minutes. The waiting time for new patient appointments is a mean of 6 months. Follow-up patients are seen once a month by nursing staff and approximately once every 4 months by doctors. An average of 1 in 5 patients is treated with oral atypical antipsychotics; in the majority of clinics, this is the total extent of care. However, where psychologists, social workers and occupational therapists are present, only 0.2% of all users have access to them.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>. The community psychiatric services, although better than those in some other countries, fall short of what is required by South African legislation and policies. General community health services ought to play an active role in the structure and delivery of psychiatric services by developing and strengthening the current limited services, with an emphasis on cost-effective and preventive approaches. Existing community psychiatric services, if so transformed, could serve as a model for other countries in Africa.</p>

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8

Alburquerque-Sendín, Francisco, Angelica Viana Ferrari, Daiana Priscila Rodrigues-de-Souza, Paula Paras-Bravo, Juan Francisco Velarde-García, and Domingo Palacios-Ceña. "The experience of being a psychiatric nurse in South Africa: A qualitative systematic review." Nursing Outlook 66, no. 3 (May 2018): 293–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2018.01.002.

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9

Byrne, Herna, Pattie Olkers, and Alan J. Flisher. "Training in child and adolescent psychiatry for primary health care nurses in South Africa." Journal of Child & Adolescent Mental Health 16, no. 2 (October 2004): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/17280580409486574.

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10

Lund, C., A. Alem, M. Schneider, C. Hanlon, J. Ahrens, C. Bandawe, J. Bass, et al. "Generating evidence to narrow the treatment gap for mental disorders in sub-Saharan Africa: rationale, overview and methods of AFFIRM." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 24, no. 3 (April 2, 2015): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796015000281.

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There is limited evidence on the acceptability, feasibility and cost-effectiveness of task-sharing interventions to narrow the treatment gap for mental disorders in sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of this article is to describe the rationale, aims and methods of the Africa Focus on Intervention Research for Mental health (AFFIRM) collaborative research hub. AFFIRM is investigating strategies for narrowing the treatment gap for mental disorders in sub-Saharan Africa in four areas. First, it is assessing the feasibility, acceptability and cost-effectiveness of task-sharing interventions by conducting randomised controlled trials in Ethiopia and South Africa. The AFFIRM Task-sharing for the Care of Severe mental disorders (TaSCS) trial in Ethiopia aims to determine the acceptability, affordability, effectiveness and sustainability of mental health care for people with severe mental disorder delivered by trained and supervised non-specialist, primary health care workers compared with an existing psychiatric nurse-led service. The AFFIRM trial in South Africa aims to determine the cost-effectiveness of a task-sharing counselling intervention for maternal depression, delivered by non-specialist community health workers, and to examine factors influencing the implementation of the intervention and future scale up. Second, AFFIRM is building individual and institutional capacity for intervention research in sub-Saharan Africa by providing fellowship and mentorship programmes for candidates in Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi, Uganda and Zimbabwe. Each year five Fellowships are awarded (one to each country) to attend the MPhil in Public Mental Health, a joint postgraduate programme at the University of Cape Town and Stellenbosch University. AFFIRM also offers short courses in intervention research, and supports PhD students attached to the trials in Ethiopia and South Africa. Third, AFFIRM is collaborating with other regional National Institute of Mental Health funded hubs in Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia, by designing and executing shared research projects related to task-sharing and narrowing the treatment gap. Finally, it is establishing a network of collaboration between researchers, non-governmental organisations and government agencies that facilitates the translation of research knowledge into policy and practice. This article describes the developmental process of this multi-site approach, and provides a narrative of challenges and opportunities that have arisen during the early phases. Crucial to the long-term sustainability of this work is the nurturing and sustaining of partnerships between African mental health researchers, policy makers, practitioners and international collaborators.

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11

Raisman, Geoffrey. "William Maxwell Cowan. 27 September 1931 — 30 June 2002." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 54 (January 2008): 117–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2008.0002.

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William Maxwell Cowan (‘Max’) was born in 1931 in Johannesburg. His father was a former Glasgow shipyard engineer driven by the imminent closure of the Clyde shipyards to seek employment in the mining industry in South Africa. Max's parents had intended him to be a real–estate lawyer. However, after taking the initial courses in languages, economics and history at Witwatersrand University, a short vacation work period as a trainee nurse in a psychiatric hospital had aroused what was to be his lifelong interest in the workings of the brain. Max decided he wanted to transfer to medical school.

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12

Capri, Charlotte, and Chanellé Buckle. "‘We have to be Satisfied with the Scraps’: South African Nurses' Experiences of Care on Adult Psychiatric Intellectual Disability Inpatient Wards." Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities 28, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jar.12118.

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13

Sehularo, Leepile Alfred. "A relevant practical course for mental health care providers in South Africa." International Journal of Scientific Reports 2, no. 8 (August 6, 2016): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20162811.

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<p>The South African Mental Health Care Actdefines mental health care provider as a person providing mental health care services to mental health care users and includes mental health care practitioners. Mental health care practitioner means a nurse, psychiatrist or registered medical practitioner, psychologist, occupational therapist or social worker who has been trained at an accredited institution to provide prescribed mental health care, treatment and rehabilitation services. For a South African mental health provider to render high-quality mental health care, treatment and rehabilitation services, that mental health care provider should have been exposed to theory and practical teaching and learning in Intellectual Disability (ID). One of the most relevant practical courses for intellectual disability in South Africa is offered by the Sunshine Association.</p>

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14

Sukeri, Kiran, Orlando Alonso-Betancourt, and Robin Emsley. "Needs-based gap analysis for service transformation in the Eastern Cape." South African Journal of Psychiatry 21, no. 1 (February 1, 2015): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v21i1.609.

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<p><strong>Objectives. </strong>Part I of this research article presents a needs-based analysis for the management of schizophrenia, bipolar mood disorder and major depression for the Eastern Cape (EC) Province, South Africa. This part of the research paper focuses on quantifying human resources and bed needs for these three severe mental illnesses. Human resource expenditure is calculated for nursing staff at acute, ambulatory and medium-to-long-stay services. A further objective was to conduct a gap analysis for human resources and beds for the EC in order to assist mental health planners in the commissioning of services. </p><p><strong>Methods. </strong>Data from previous research conducted in the province, and international and national epidemiological studies were utilised to quantify the requirements for human resources (psychiatrists, medical officers/registrars, psychologists, nurses, occupational therapists and social workers) and beds for acute, medium-to-long-stay and ambulatory services at provincial and regional levels, to provide mental healthcare. The authors focused on three of the eight priority conditions set by the World Health Organization. A target coverage rate of 80% was used in all calculations. A gap analysis was conducted to demonstrate deficits and excesses, utilising available data on human resources and beds available in the province.</p><p><strong>Results. </strong>The results showed that the districts of Alfred Nzo and Ukhahlamba have no human resources or beds for the provision of mental health services. The province has a deficit of 23 psychiatrists and 243 nurses trained in psychiatry, and an oversupply of 486 other nurses. The results also clearly demonstrated an inequitable distribution of resources in the province. </p><p><strong>Conclusions. </strong>This is the first study that has provided detailed estimates of human resource and bed deficits in the EC. The study demonstrates that the areas of greatest need in terms of bed and human resource requirements are in the eastern regions of the province, which includes the former homelands of the Transkei and Ciskei. This study will assist provincial mental health planners/commissioners in developing an equitable mental health delivery programme.</p>

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15

Sidley, P. "Nurses strike in South Africa." BMJ 311, no. 7007 (September 16, 1995): 707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.311.7007.707.

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16

Sunkel, Charlene, and Marthé Viljoen. "Shortage of psychiatric medications in South Africa." Lancet Psychiatry 4, no. 1 (January 2017): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(16)30422-9.

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17

van der Colff, Johanna J., and Sebastiaan Rothmann. "Burnout of registered nurses in South Africa." Journal of Nursing Management 22, no. 5 (August 25, 2012): 630–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2834.2012.01467.x.

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18

Zabow, Tuviah. "Traditional healers and mental health in South Africa." International Psychiatry 4, no. 4 (October 2007): 81–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s174936760000521x.

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Psychiatric patients access both indigenous healers and services rendered by psychiatric facilities in South Africa. The various groups of healers which are available are clearly not all acceptable to the whole population and variable experiences are reported with different categories of healer and the different treatments provided. An increasing collaboration between psychiatric services and indigenous healers is becoming evident, as in other health services. Reports indicate that many African psychiatric patients seek treatment from indigenous healers while attending psychiatric clinics, in both rural and urban regions. This has led to much discussion and differing viewpoints as to the possible benefits and disadvantages of collaboration and simultaneous use of different treatment modalities. Included in this is the question of the medical competence of traditional healers and the possible neglect of serious conditions.

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19

Szabo, Christopher Paul. "Psychiatric education in Africa—a South African perspective." International Review of Psychiatry 32, no. 2 (September 9, 2019): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2019.1651258.

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20

Stein, Dan J., Soraya Seedat, Allen Herman, Hashim Moomal, Steven G. Heeringa, Ronald C. Kessler, and David R. Williams. "Lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in South Africa." British Journal of Psychiatry 192, no. 2 (February 2008): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.106.029280.

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BackgroundData on the lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in South Africa are of interest, not only for the purposes of developing evidence-based mental health policy, but also in view of South Africa's particular historical and demographic circumstances.MethodA nationally representative household survey was conducted between 2002 and 2004 using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) to generate diagnoses. The data-set analysed included 4351 adult South Africans of all ethnic groups.ResultsLifetime prevalence of DSM–IV/CIDI disorders was determined for anxiety disorders (15.8%), mood disorders (9.8%), substance use disorders (13.4%) and any disorder (30.3%). Lifetime prevalence of substance use disorders differed significantly across ethnic groups. Median age at onset was earlier for substance use disorders (21 years) than for anxiety disorders (32 years) or mood disorders (37 years).ConclusionsIn comparison with data from other countries, South Africa has a particularly high lifetime prevalence of substance use disorders. These disorders have an early age at onset, providing an important target for the planning of local mental health services.

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21

Hemmings, Sian, and Soraya Seedat. "Psychiatric Genetics In South Africa: The Status QUO." European Neuropsychopharmacology 29 (2019): S746. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2017.06.084.

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22

Wynchank, Sinclair, and Jill Fortuin. "Telepsychiatry in South Africa – present and future." South African Journal of Psychiatry 16, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v16i1.231.

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The recent progress in telepsychiatry results from advancing technology and videoconferencing as an effective alternative to classic face-to-face psychiatric interaction, in terms of both results and cost-effectiveness. The wide range of applications of telepsychiatry is outlined – in particular, emergency, forensic, prison and adolescent psychiatry. Attitudes of patients and the providers of psychiatric services are discussed, and a short account is given of the place of tele-education in psychiatric teaching. The advantages of telepsychiatry are outlined and its limitations. Lastly, the limited experience and relevance of telepsychiatry in South Africa (and hence for other developing countries) are presented. The conclusion is that telepsychiatry is well established, its successes documented, and that it should be applied in planning future public health services in South Africa.

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23

van der Colff, Jacoba Johanna, and Sebastiaan Rothmann. "Occupational stress of professional nurses in South Africa." Journal of Psychology in Africa 24, no. 4 (July 4, 2014): 375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2014.980626.

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24

Pillay, Rubin. "Retention strategies for professional nurses in South Africa." Leadership in Health Services 22, no. 1 (February 6, 2009): 39–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17511870910928010.

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25

&NA;, &NA;. "Polish Nurses Bound for U.S. Via South Africa." AJN, American Journal of Nursing 90, no. 12 (December 1990): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000446-199012000-00004.

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Rispel, Laetitia. "Challenges Facing Nurses in the Republic of South Africa." Image: the Journal of Nursing Scholarship 27, no. 3 (September 1995): 231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1995.tb00864.x.

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27

Davidge, Ruth. "7th International Conference of Neonatal Nurses Durban South Africa." Journal of Neonatal Nursing 17, no. 1 (February 2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnn.2010.11.015.

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Madu, S. N., and J. Mamomane. "Stress Among Nurses in Rural Hospitals in South Africa." Journal of Social Sciences 7, no. 3 (July 2003): 209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09718923.2003.11892382.

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29

van der Merwe, Anita S. "The power of women as nurses in South Africa." Journal of Advanced Nursing 30, no. 6 (December 1999): 1272–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1999.01226.x.

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van Zyl, G. S., and N. J. Christofides. "International Nurses Day and press coverage in South Africa." International Nursing Review 61, no. 2 (April 10, 2014): 186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/inr.12101.

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Ansari, Walid El, Ceri J. Phillips, and Anthony B. Zwi. "Public Health Nurses' Perspectives on Collaborative Partnerships in South Africa." Public Health Nursing 21, no. 3 (May 2004): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0737-1209.2004.021310.x.

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Basson, Helena Aletta, and Lizeth Roets. "Workplace wellness for HIV/AIDS-affected nurses in South Africa." British Journal of Nursing 22, no. 1 (January 9, 2013): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2013.22.1.38.

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33

Cook, Rosemary. "Nursing's finest hour: Part 1. Queen's Nurses in South Africa." British Journal of Community Nursing 17, no. 5 (May 2012): 222–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2012.17.5.222.

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Naude, A., E. Nel, and H. Uys. "Organ donation: Attitude and knowledge of nurses in South Africa." EDTNA-ERCA Journal 28, no. 1 (January 3, 2002): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-6686.2002.tb00198.x.

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Emsley, Robin. "Focus on psychiatry in South Africa." British Journal of Psychiatry 178, no. 4 (April 2001): 382–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.178.4.382.

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South Africa is a country of great fascination to those interested in the origins, development and behaviour of humankind. For example, recent fossil discoveries appear to confirm Darwin's hunch that Africa – and perhaps southern Africa – was the cradle of humankind. Caves in the Sterkfontein Valley near Johannesburg have produced abundant scientific information on the evolution of modern man over the past 3.5 million years. This is of interest not only from a historical point of view but also in terms of modern science. With the significant advances in medical genetics in general, and psychiatric genetics in particular, there has been a growing interest in homogeneous populations with novel gene pools. South Africa is a rich source of homogeneous populations with an apparently common ancestry.

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Kamuya, Dorcas, Mary A. Bitta, Adamu Addissie, Violet Naanyu, Andrea Palk, Erisa Mwaka, Eunice Kamaara, et al. "The Africa Ethics Working Group (AEWG): a model of collaboration for psychiatric genomic research in Africa." Wellcome Open Research 6 (July 27, 2021): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16772.1.

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The Africa Ethics Working Group (AEWG) is a South-South-North collaboration of bioethics and mental health researchers from sub-Saharan Africa, working to tackle emerging ethical challenges in global mental health research. Initially formed to provide ethical guidance for a neuro-psychiatric genomics research project, AEWG has evolved to address cross cutting ethical issues in mental health research aimed at addressing equity in North-South collaborations. Global South refers to economically developing countries (sub-Saharan Africa in this context) and Global North to economically developed countries (primarily Europe, UK and North America). In this letter we discuss lessons that as a group we have learnt over the last three years; lessons that similar collaborations could draw on. With increasing expertise from Global South as an outcome of several capacity strengthening initiatives, it is expected that the nature of scientific collaborations will shift to a truly equitable partnership. The AEWG provides a model to rethink contributions that each partner could make in these collaborations.

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Baek, Suyon. "Ecological Predictors of Recovery-Oriented Practices Among Psychiatric Nurses in South Korea." Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services 58, no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20201013-07.

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O'Gara, Colin, Francis Keaney, David Best, Jennifer Harris, Annabel Boys, Feargal Leonard, Michael Kelleher, and John Strang. "Substance misuse training among psychiatric doctors, psychiatric nurses, medical students and nursing students in a South London psychiatric teaching hospital." Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy 12, no. 4 (August 2005): 327–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09687630500083691.

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Mukheibir, Andre, and Gregory Mitchell. "The Price of Sadness: Comparison between the Netherlands and South Africa." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal 22 (October 31, 2019): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2019/v22i0a6413.

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Bereavement can be a precipitating and perpetuating factor for various psychiatric injuries. However, the normal experience of bereavement also causes significant disruption and stress in an individual’s psychosocial functioning. Both in the Netherlands and South Africa, a clear distinction is drawn between sadness and psychiatric injury. Dutch law, until recently, did not make provision for compensation for sadness, but only for psychiatric injury. This has changed with the coming into operation of the Wet Affectieschade on 1 January 2019. In terms of South African law, there is no claim for compensation for sadness or bereavement. The authors are of wby bereavement, sadness or grief resulting from bereavement causes significant distress and a continuum exists between normal and complex bereavement where a clear distinction does not exist. South African courts should, therefore, bear this is mind when in actions for compensation for non-patrimonial loss for bereavement.

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Stein, Dan J. "Psychiatric aspects of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in South Africa." British Journal of Psychiatry 173, no. 6 (December 1998): 455–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.173.6.455.

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Suliman, Sharain, Dan J. Stein, Landon Myer, David R. Williams, and Soraya Seedat. "Disability and Treatment of Psychiatric and Physical Disorders in South Africa." Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 198, no. 1 (January 2010): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/nmd.0b013e3181c81708.

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Rispel, Laetitia C., Duane Blaauw, Tobias Chirwa, and Katinka de Wet. "Factors influencing agency nursing and moonlighting among nurses in South Africa." Global Health Action 7, no. 1 (March 18, 2014): 23585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/gha.v7.23585.

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Scheepers, M., C. Maree, and E. S. Janse van Rensburg. "Competencies for structured professional development of neonatal nurses in South Africa." African Journal of Health Professions Education 12, no. 3 (October 16, 2020): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.7196/ajhpe.2020.v12i3.1364.

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Williams, Kate. "Nurses’ strikes in South Africa set to resume as turmoil grows." Nursing Standard 10, no. 1 (September 27, 1995): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.10.1.8.s16.

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Harrington, Chris, and Anne-Louise Cruickshank. "Nurses can meet the challenge of haemophilia care in South Africa." Journal of Haemophilia Practice 1, no. 3 (October 1, 2014): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17225/jhp.00033.

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Abstract Haemophilia care in South Africa faces a number of challenges and nurses can play a significant role in addressing these and raising standards of practice. This report considers those challenges and steps taken by the country as it has attempted to meet them. It also summarises the key themes that arose from a nursing workshop held November 2013 as part of a MASAC symposium and facilitated by the authors.

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Kalemba, Joshua. "‘Being called sisters’: Masculinities and black male nurses in South Africa." Gender, Work & Organization 27, no. 4 (December 22, 2019): 647–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwao.12423.

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JANSE VAN RENSBURG, E. S., M. POGGENPOEL, and C. P. H. MYBURGH. "Student nurses' experience working with mentally challenged individuals in South Africa." Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 19, no. 9 (May 16, 2012): 761–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2011.01804.x.

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Sekgobela, Gopolang L., Doriccah M. Peu, and Anna E. van der Wath. "Health-Support Needs of Widows in South Africa: A Phenomenological Inquiry." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 81, no. 3 (July 6, 2018): 507–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030222818786416.

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Community health care should facilitate effective adaptation to widowhood. In South Africa, the primary health-care nurses, who are the first-line health-care services, seem to miss opportunities for identifying and effectively managing widows experiencing health risks. This study explored the health-support needs of widows. We purposively selected 12 participants, who were widows between 25 and 65 years old residing in an urban area of South Africa. Data were gathered during unstructured individual phenomenological interviews and analyzed using a descriptive phenomenological method. Widowhood is an embodied and intense emotional experience with a cognitive impact. Related to these experiences are widows’ health-support needs. Widows have a need to be listened to and to be understood and cared for; attitudes and skills which require time and availability from primary health-care nurses. Widows expressed a need to engage in support groups, receive home visits, and receive health education from primary health-care nurses.

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Hasnah, Hasnah, Hapsah Hapsah, Silvia Malasari, Ariyanti Saleh, and Akbar Harisa. "NURSES’ EXPERIENCE OF DEALING WITH PATIENTS’ AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOUR IN PSYCHIATRIC EMERGENCY WARD OF HOSPITAL IN SOUTH SULAWESI." Indonesian Contemporary Nursing Journal (ICON Journal) 3, no. 1 (August 30, 2018): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/icon.v3i1.3982.

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Introduction: The high level of risk emergency psychiatry nurse becomes the target of aggressive behavior in patients both physically and psychologically, providing a special experience for nurses. Positive and negative impacts felt more likely a psychological effect on the nurse. Objective: Identifying the experiences of nurses dealing with patient of aggressive behavior in Emergency Psychiatric of Rumah Sakit Khusus Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Methods: The phenomenological approach to decision informants using purposive sampling with the informant as much as 9 informants who have experienced aggressive behavior from patients. Results: There were 7 themes obtained by the feelings of nurses with aggressive behavior patients, nurses experienced different kinds of aggressive behavior, nurses identified about the causes of the patient's aggressive behavior, nurse found some signs of the patient while being aggressive, nurses perceived impact of agresive behavior after getting the incident of it, the way nurses treated patients aggressive behavior, and nurses found obstacle to overcome aggressive behavior's patient. The positive experience of nurses in dealing with patient of aggressive behavior was nurse know the proper ways, causes and signs of the patient while being aggressive so the nurse was able to anticipate the action will be carried out. On the other hand the negative experience felt by the nurse due to the impacts of the aggressive behavior patients. Conclusions and: The experience felt by nurses in dealing with patients in Psychiatric Emergency Unit of Rumah Sakit Khusus Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan there were positive and negative. Therefore, we need a way to reduce aggressive behavior and provide management training for nurses in dealing with aggressive behavior in order to keep patients safely.

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Muthelo, Livhuwani, Faith Moradi, Thabo Arthur Phukubye, Masenyani Oupa Mbombi, Rambelani Nancy Malema, and Linneth Nkateko Mabila. "Implementing the Ideal Clinic Program at Selected Primary Healthcare Facilities in South Africa." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15 (July 22, 2021): 7762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157762.

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Background: Primary healthcare (PHC) in South Africa often experiences crucial challenges that lead to patients’ negative experiences regarding their care, compromising the significant role that PHC services could play in health promotion and disease prevention. The primary purpose of implementing the Ideal Clinic (IC) in South Africa was to improve patients’ care quality at the clinics. There seems to be a paucity of studies determining professional nurses’ experiences when implementing the IC. Purpose: This study aimed to explore and describe professional nurses’ experiences regarding implementing the IC at three selected clinics in the Makhado local area. Study method: A qualitative phenomenological research design was used to explore professional nurses’ experiences regarding IC implementation. Purposive sampling was used to select 15 professional nurses working at the three selected clinics. Data were collected using semi-structured one-on-one interviews. Interviews were conducted until saturation was reached. Trustworthiness was ensured by applying Lincoln and Guba’s four criteria, i.e., credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. Ethical clearance was obtained from the University of Limpopo Turfloop Research and Ethics Committee, and permission to conduct the study was obtained from Limpopo Province Department of Health Research and Ethics Committee. Thematic analysis was used to analyze data. Results: The following themes emerged from the study findings: perceived benefits of the IC on the primary healthcare services provided to the community, challenges experienced by professional nurses when implementing the IC program, and challenges related to the supply of resources for implementing the IC. The study results revealed that, although the IC aimed to improve the overburdened PHC facilities in SA, the professional nurses still experienced some challenges when implementing the IC program. Some of the challenges faced were a lack of knowledge and training in the IC program, poor infrastructure and the shortage of equipment, and inadequate provision of support by line managers, all of which resulted in poor-quality patient care. Conclusion: This study revealed that the introduction and implementation of the IC can have potential benefits to the community and the primary healthcare system. However, it was not introduced and appropriately implemented, which resulted in professional nurses experiencing several challenges. The national department of health needs to strengthen the program’s implementation through proper training, consultation, and continuous support of the nurses. Provision of quality equipment and supplies is also recommended.

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