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Journal articles on the topic 'Psychiatry in literature'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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1

Rakoff, Vivian. "Book Review: Psychiatry and Literature: Mindreadings: Literature and psychiatry." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 55, no. 7 (July 2010): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674371005500712.

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2

Blake, Jack, and George El-Nimr. "Stigma towards psychiatry: correlating personal experience with existing literature." BJPsych Open 7, S1 (June 2021): S126—S127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.365.

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AimsStigma towards psychiatry feels rife within medical school and this extends from university life into clinical placements. Mental health remains an unattractive area of medicine and is frequently regarded as subpar by other specialists. Against existing literature, this study compares the authors first hand experiences over the last five years within medical school to evaluate how representative their experiences of stigma in psychiatry are for the wider community and published literature. The study aims to inform the wider discussion on this topic and offer areas where intervention may yield a better perception and hence uptake of this specialism.MethodLiterature review relating to the topic was completed. Studies pertaining to medical students and/or educators views and experiences of psychiatric medical education and clinical placement were included for discussion. A reflection on the first author's specific experiences to date of psychiatry and his intent to pursue psychiatric career was conducted, with careful reference to existing literature. This allowed validating personal experiences in light of shared experience within the medical community in various national and international settings.ResultArguably, some non-psychiatric clinicians do inadvertently set the scene early in medical school for the stigma that is to be thrust upon students. This builds upon prospective students ranking psychiatry low for satisfaction, prestige and stating it to be a ‘pseudoscience’ or words to that effect. The lack of understanding from junior medical students of the role of the psychiatrist sees them associating psychosocial education as equivalent to psychiatry. This reinforces the idea of psychiatry being grounded in sciences other than anatomy, biochemistry, physiology and pharmacology. On clinical placement, there is little cross-speciality support for those students who want to be psychiatrists and sometimes even lost opportunities for those publically aspiring towards psychiatry. Placements in psychiatry give students a better understanding of psychiatry but this does not seem to significantly change their career aspirations and this is rather defined from the admission stages.ConclusionAfter comparing experience with literature, stigma towards psychiatry appears to be universal. It may be important to consider the types of students who are being attracted to medical school as currently students seem to have an intrinsic disinterest in psychiatry despite later becoming better informed through psychiatric placement. Culture is notoriously hard to change, particularly within medicine. This stigma exists both in the lay and medical communities with early potentially inaccurate lay views of psychiatry being validated and reinforced throughout medical school.

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Elliott, Carl. "Literature and psychiatry." Current Opinion in Psychiatry 4, no. 5 (October 1991): 753–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001504-199110000-00022.

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Oyebode, Femi. "Literature and psychiatry." British Journal of Psychiatry 194, no. 2 (February 2009): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.194.2.122.

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5

de Pauw, Karel. "Psychiatry in literature." Psychiatric Bulletin 15, no. 5 (May 1991): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.15.5.302.

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Oyebode, Femi. "Literature and psychiatry." Psychiatric Bulletin 26, no. 4 (April 2002): 121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.26.4.121.

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7

Shainess, Natalie. "Psychiatry and Literature." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 256, no. 6 (August 8, 1986): 772. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1986.03380060098037.

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8

Balon, R. "Psychiatry and "Major Literature"." Academic Psychiatry 26, no. 3 (September 1, 2002): 219—a—220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ap.26.3.219-a.

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9

Baker, Charley L. "Mindreadings: Literature and Psychiatry." Journal of Mental Health 18, no. 4 (January 2009): 353–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638230902968332.

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10

Oyebode, Femi. "Editorial: literature and psychiatry." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 8, no. 6 (November 2002): 397–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.8.6.397.

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11

Kachaeva, M. "Russian Literature and Psychiatry." British Journal of Psychiatry 167, no. 3 (September 1995): 403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.167.3.403.

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The subject of this paper is psychiatry, forensic psychiatry and Russian literature. It is well-known that people with literary talent often possess unusually keen psychological insight. Their literary portrayals of psychological analysis, descriptions of how the human mind and consciousness work and depiction of different psychic states, both normal and pathological, are of great value for psychology and psychiatry and have always attracted the active attention of specialists.

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12

Dow, Joanna. "Mindreadings: literature and psychiatry." International Journal of Culture and Mental Health 4, no. 2 (December 2011): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17542860903208847.

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13

Tucker, William M. "Teaching Psychiatry Through Literature." Academic Psychiatry 18, no. 4 (December 1994): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03341409.

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14

Bokey, Kathleen, and Garry Walter. "Literature and Psychiatry: The Case for a Close Liaison." Australasian Psychiatry 10, no. 4 (August 2002): 393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1665.2002.00502.x.

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Objective: To explore, through consideration of a number of literary works, the relationship between literature and psychiatry and to discuss the advantages that an interest in literature can offer psychiatric practice Conclusions: Literature has the potential to impart knowledge in a more direct and engaging way than other information sources, and shapes attitudes. Literature also has the ability to harm. The practice of psychiatry is enriched by increasing our awareness of literary works and appreciating the contribution that these works can make to all stakeholders in the mental health field.

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15

Tashkenov, Sergei. "THE “REVOLUTIONARY SUBJECT” IN PSYCHIATRY AND LITERATURE." Herald of Culturology, no. 2 (2022): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/hoc/2022.02.04.

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This article examines the transformations taking place in German psychiatry and literature in the 1970 s. On the one hand, it traces the development of an anti-psychiatric “revolutionary subject” through the example of the Heidelberg Patient Socialist Collective led by Dr. Wolfgang Huber. On the other hand, in contrast to the marginality of Huber's circle, we analyze the somewhat different path taken by the “revolutionary schizophrenic subject” in literature, using Heinar Kipphardt's novel Marz as an example. With a number of similarities and differences, both phenomena transform cultural space in different ways.

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Challinor, Alexander, and Declan Hyland. "A literature review for the introduction of psychiatric simulation to University of Liverpool Medical School." BJPsych Open 7, S1 (June 2021): S129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.371.

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AimsThe aim of this review is to systematically investigate simulation in psychiatry to enable the evidence based introduction of psychiatry simulation into the undergraduate curriculum at the University of Liverpool.BackgroundTransformations in the structure of psychiatric delivery and reductions in funding to mental health care have limited the availability of direct patient clinical experiences for medical students. Experiential learning through simulation can be utilised as a powerful pedagogical tool and provide exposure to a broad range of psychopathology.Although psychiatric skills and knowledge are gained from the current University of Liverpool undergraduate curriculum, there is no specific well-designed psychiatry simulation.MethodThe author searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases for studies that met the inclusion criteria. Search terms included ‘simulation (psychiatry or ‘mental health’). Studies were also searched using snowballing via citation tracking within the databases.Inclusion criteria comprised studies of an educational intervention that involved simulation. The intervention had to be utilised within the field of psychiatric teaching.ResultThe literature review illustrated the dearth of studies analysing role-playing (RP) and/or simulated patients (SP) in psychiatry with it typically encountered as part of the more general communication skills curriculum. Studies analysing SP and RPs demonstrate how they build on the social context of learning alongside drawing on a range of educational theories, including experiential learning. However, studies show that well-designed simulation training should encompass more facets of learning to be transformative, specifically reflecting upon ones experiences alongside understanding and interpreting this new knowledge, allowing it to guide future actions and change practice.Studies analysing virtual-reality in psychiatry are limited but demonstrate significant improvements in students’ acquisition of key psychiatric skills and exposure to psychopathology. More studies are needed to evaluate the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of virtual-reality over more traditional methods.Despite the increase in simulation teaching within psychiatry, and the expansion of innovative simulation approaches in other specialties, there was limited use of novel approaches found within the studies analysing psychiatric simulation. There were studies evaluating novel approaches to psychiatry simulation outside of the undergraduate curriculum.ConclusionWhilst there are barriers to overcome in simulation training, these are primarily logistical and are clearly outweighed by the educational gain demonstrated throughout this review. Simulation training in psychiatry has often remained limited to traditional communication-oriented scenarios using RP or SP. A greater emphasis on furthering the advancement and integration of more innovative approaches into psychiatric undergraduate teaching is needed.

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Holmes, Jeremy. "Dostoyevsky's Brothers Karamazov as essential psychiatric text – psychiatry in literature." British Journal of Psychiatry 214, no. 4 (March 21, 2019): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2019.27.

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18

Kleinman, Arthur. "Anthropology and Psychiatry." British Journal of Psychiatry 151, no. 4 (October 1987): 447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.151.4.447.

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To illustrate the contribution anthropology can make to cross-cultural and international research in psychiatry, four questions have been put to the cross-cultural research literature and discussed from an anthropological point of view: ‘To what extent do psychiatric disorders differ in different societies?’ ‘Does the tacit model of pathogenicity/pathoplasticity exaggerate the biological aspects of cross-cultural findings and blur their cultural dimensions?’ ‘What is the place of translation in cross-cultural studies?’ and ‘Does the standard format for conducting cross-cultural studies in psychiatry create a category fallacy?’ Anthropology contributes to each of these concerns an insistence that the problem of cross-cultural validity be given the same attention as the question of reliability, that the concept of culture be operationalised as a research variable, and that cultural analysis be applied to psychiatry's own taxonomies and methods rather than just to indigenous illness beliefs of native populations.

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19

Renjhen, Rohit, Gulshan Tajuria, Kethakie Lamahewa, Athula Sumathipala, and Vikram Patel. "International Representation in Psychiatric Literature: Has the Trend Changed? Review of 11 Leading Psychiatric Journals." Archives of Psychiatry Research 60, no. 1 (April 11, 2024): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.20471/feb.2024.60.01.01.

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Aim: A survey of six of the highest impact psychiatric journal articles (2001), revealed the underrepresentation of non-Western countries. The current study looked at the new trends in the representation of psychiatric literature. We aimed to quantify the articles from High-Income Countries (HIC) and compare it with the rest of the world (RoW) in 11 high impact journals. Materials and Methods: A survey of the country of origin of research data and authors in published literature of 11 psychiatric journals: six of the same journals previously surveyed and five new journals from 2014 to 2016. Results: Out of the total of 5278 articles, the maximum number of 2093 (39.65 %) were from the other Euro-American countries (OEAC), followed by 1546 (29.29 %) from the United States of America (USA), and 727 (13.77 %) from the United Kingdom (UK), and 754 (14.28 %) were from rest of the world (RoW). The highest was in the Journal of Neurology, Neuro-Surgery and Psychiatry 131 (17.37 %), followed by the British Journal of Psychiatry, 85 (11.27 %) and Molecular Psychiatry; 65 (8.62 %). A comparison between the previous six journals and the current survey showed that RoW publications have increased from 6 % to 13.84 % over 15 years. Out of the additional five journals surveyed, a total of 327 papers were from RoW and the Journal of Neurology, Neuro-Surgery and Psychiatry had the highest representation of RoW literature: 131 (40 %). It was more than double of publications by the Lancet Psychiatry and Molecular Psychiatry. Biological Psychiatry had 46 (14.06 %) papers followed by the World Psychiatry which carried 25 (7.64 %). Conclusion: An overall increase in the number of articles from RoW is evident. It is a welcome trend; however, a significant underrepresentation is still evident.

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BENALLEL, K., W. MANSOURI, and M. KADIRI. "Self-harming behaviour in liaison psychiatry : Case series and literature review." European Psychiatry 66, S1 (March 2023): S770—S771. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.1624.

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IntroductionSelf-harm (SH) is common, in particular among young people. It can be seen in a wide range of psychiatric disorders, ranging from anti-social personality disorders to schizophrenia and mood disorders. In the extreme, self-harm can be functionally life-threatening. Such is the case of phlebotomy, emasculations and self-amputation. The severity of certain damage and the urgency of an initial somatic treatment contribute to make self-harm one of the most frequent reasons for intervention in liaison psychiatry.ObjectivesThrough our case series and a literature review, we tried to describe the socio-demographic and psychopathological characteristics of the self-harmers and to identify the specificities of their management in liaison psychiatry.MethodsIt is a descriptive cross-sectional study, in the psychiatric department of a general hospital in Rabat, concerning patients evaluated for SH with or without other psychiatric manifestations. The data collected are analysed using the statistical software ‘JAMOVI’. Patients seen in psychiatric consultations, in medical-surgical emergencies or in liaison psychiatry for SH were included. Patients already hospitalized in psychiatry were excluded.Results35 patients were recruted of who 65.7% were male. 68.6% were single. 51.4% had a low socio-economic level and 42.9% had an average level. 48.6% had a psychiatric history of which 22.9% had attempted suicide. Abuse was present in 34.3%, family separation in 22.9%, death of a parent in 20% while no patient reported sexual abuse. The most common method used was a razor blade in 57.1% of cases. The most mutilated site was the forearms in 65.7%, following a frustration in 60% and a conflict situation in 25.7%. 48.6% were hospitalised (34.5% in psychiatry, 5.6% in intensive care and 5.6% in otorhinolaryngology).ConclusionsSelf-harm is a frequent pathological behaviour whose incidence is increasing. Understanding the psychological and biological basis of self-harm will help to improve the management of these patients and prevent the recurrence of this dangerous behavior and its complication by suicide.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

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21

Roy, John. "Book Review: Literature and Medicine: Psychiatry and Literature." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 32, no. 7 (October 1987): 634–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674378703200725.

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22

Chochinov, Harvey Max. "Psychiatry and Terminal Illness." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 45, no. 2 (March 2000): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370004500204.

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Objective: To provide an overview of the palliative care literature salient to the psychiatric aspect of end-of-life care. Method: A literature review was conducted, targeting primarily empirical studies that addressed the following topics: 1) psychological issues pertaining to life-threatening conditions; 2) family issues in the context of palliative care; 3) psychological issues and challenges faced by end-of-life health care providers; and 4) psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety, and organic mental disorders, in people with terminal illness. Results: There is a small but emerging literature that can guide psychiatrists in their role of providing care to dying patients. Conclusions: While psychiatry has made tremendous inroads toward providing care to patients throughout the life cycle, its presence is only just beginning to be felt in end-of-life care. Within the domain of palliative care, psychiatry has an expanded and important role to play.

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23

Youssef, Peter, Siddharth Nath, Gary A. Chaimowitz, and Sebastien S. Prat. "Electroretinography in psychiatry: A systematic literature review." European Psychiatry 62 (October 2019): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.09.006.

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Abstract This review aims to consolidate the available information on use of electroretinography as a diagnostic tool in psychiatry. The electroretinogram (ERG) has been found to have diagnostic utility in cocaine withdrawal (reduced light-adapted b-wave response), major depressive disorder (reduced contrast gain in pattern ERG), and schizophrenia (reduced a- and b-wave amplitudes). This review examines these findings as well as the applicability of ERG to substance use disorder, Alzheimer’s disease, autism spectrum disorder, panic disorder, eating disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and medication use. While there have been promising results, current research suffers from a lack of specificity. Further research that quantifies anomalies in ERG present in psychiatric illness is needed.

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24

Tyrer, Peter. "The place of theBritish Journal of Psychiatryin the mental health league." Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 19, no. 3 (September 2010): 196–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00001093.

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AbstractTheBritish Journal of Psychiatryis an independent mainstream general psychiatric journal that competes reasonably well with others in the field. It does so by keeping a healthy balance between the demands of its readers, its contributors and the need for good science. It publishes an eclectic mix of original articles, reviews, editorials, reappraisals, comment, opinion and extras, the latter including poetry, short summaries, literature and psychiatry, and a touch of humour. These contributions are not always in keeping with the harsh requirements of the impact factor, but we judge that this makes for a better all-round journal that advances psychiatry in all its manifold aspects and is anything but dull.

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Martin, Barbara, and Clemens Günther. "Psychiatry in Late Soviet Literature." Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 20, no. 1 (2019): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/kri.2019.0012.

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Kapanee, Aruna Rose Mary. "On Worry – psychiatry in literature." British Journal of Psychiatry 213, no. 3 (August 16, 2018): 534. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2018.114.

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Gold, Ian. "Reduction in Psychiatry." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 54, no. 8 (August 2009): 506–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370905400802.

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Objective: To examine the doctrine of reductionism in psychiatry. Method: A selective review of the literature. Results: Two arguments offered in support of reduction in psychiatry are presented and found to be unsatisfactory. An argument supporting skepticism about reduction is described. Conclusion: Currently, there is little reason to think that any significant portion of psychiatric theory will be reduced to neuroscience or genetics.

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Patel, Vikram, and Athula Sumathipala. "International representation in psychiatric literature." British Journal of Psychiatry 178, no. 5 (May 2001): 406–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.178.5.406.

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BackgroundDespite the growing recognition of the global burden of psychiatric disease, there are questions about the strength of the evidence base from non-Western societies.AimsTo compare the contribution of Euro-American countries and the rest of the world (RoW) to psychiatric literature.MethodSurvey of the country of origin of papers submitted to and published in six leading psychiatric journals over a 3-year period (1996–1998).ResultsOnly 6% of the literature is published from regions of the world that account for over 90% of global population. The three journals published in Europe had a significantly higher proportion of international articles when compared to the three American journals. Less than 1% of all published articles described mental health interventions in the RoW. Acceptance rates were significantly lower for papers submitted from the RoW.ConclusionsThere is a gross under-representation of research from the RoW. This has implications for the development of a truly international psychiatry.

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Macleod, A. D. "Sport Psychiatry." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 32, no. 6 (December 1998): 860–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679809073876.

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Objective: The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the literature on psychiatry for elite athletes. Method: Relevant literature was presented to the general psychiatrist. Results: The prevalence of drug misuse, eating disorders and brain injury in elite and professional athletes is stressed. The uniquely troublesome adverse effects of psychopharmacology in this group of subjects is commented upon. Conclusions: Elite athletes may require competent and informed psychiatric opinion and management.

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Russell-Reddish, H., P. Temple, and J. Beezhold. "Undergraduate elective experience in psychiatry - a personal account and literature review." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72182-4.

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IntroductionThe study was triggered by the first author's own experience on an undergraduate elective at the National Mental Wellness Centre in St Lucia. This was an eye-opening experience of psychiatry in a less economically developed environment. It highlighted disparities between practice in the developed and the developing world. Notably significant differences were apparent in facilities, epidemiology of presenting complaints, the interaction of cultural beliefs as well as the method of assessment and management.Aims/objectivesTo review the literature on the educational impact of electives in psychiatry.MethodsA literature search using Ovid MEDLINE was conducted using the keywords’medical student’ AND’elective’ AND’psychiatry’. A total of 229 results were returned. These were then analysed for their relevance.ResultsOnly one paper was found emphasising the importance of electives in psychiatry. This reported on one individual's personal experience. There also were reports highlighting the importance of undergraduate elective experience and the need to increase exposure to psychiatry to improve the uptake of postgraduate training programmes. There were no papers objectively assessing the educational quality or impact of a psychiatric elective experience.ConclusionsAn overseas elective experience was subjectively beneficial for the author but there is a lack of objective research to show the educational benefit of psychiatry electives on a wider scale. Further research regarding the educational benefits of electives in psychiatry is needed.

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McKelvey, Robert S., David L. Sang, and Hoang Cam Tu. "Is There a Role for Child Psychiatry in Vietnam?" Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 31, no. 1 (February 1997): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679709073807.

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Objectives:(i) To describe the need for child psychiatric services in Vietnam; (ii) to review child psychiatry's present role within the Vietnamese health care system; (iii) to identify cultural, economic and manpower obstacles to the development of child mental health services; and (iv) to recommend a course for the future development of child psychiatry in Vietnam. Method:The existing literature relevant to the Vietnamese health and mental health care systems, traditional practices and beliefs regarding health and mental health, and the current status of psychiatry and child psychiatry in Vietnam was reviewed. In addition, discussions regarding these topics, and the future of child psychiatry in Vietnam, were held with leading Vietnamese health and mental health professionals. Results:The current role of child psychiatry in Vietnam is limited by the health care system's focus on infectious diseases and malnutrition, and by cultural, economic and manpower factors. Treatment is reserved for the most severely afflicted, especially patients with epilepsy and mental retardation. Specialised care is available in only a few urban centres. In rural areas treatment is provided by allied health personnel, paraprofessionals and community organisations. Conclusions:While the present role of child psychiatry in Vietnam is limited, it can still make important contributions. These include:research defining the need for child and adolescent mental health services, identifying priority child psychiatric disorders and assessing the effectiveness of priority disease treatment; and training to enhance the skills of primary health care providers in the treatment of priority disorders.

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Turbott, John. "Religion, Spirituality and Psychiatry: Conceptual, Cultural and Personal Challenges." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 30, no. 6 (December 1996): 720–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679609065037.

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Objective: Recent psychiatric literature and contemporary sociopolitical developments suggest a need to reconsider the place of religion and spirituality in psychiatry. This paper was written with the aim of encouraging dialogue between the often antithetical realms of religion and science. Method: Material from psychiatric, sociological and religious studies literature was reviewed, with particular emphasis on New Zealand sources. Results: Despite the secularising effects of science, the presence and influence of ‘religiosity’ remains substantial in Western culture. The literature emphasises the central importance of religion and spirituality for mental health, and the difficulty of integrating these concepts with scientific medicine. Psychiatric tradition and training may exaggerate the ‘religiosity gap’ between doctors and patients. In New Zealand, the politically mandated bicultural approach to mental health demands an understanding of Maori spirituality. Conclusions: Intellectual, moral and pragmatic arguments all suggest that psychiatry should reconsider its attitude to religion and spirituality. There are many opportunities for research in the field. Psychiatry would benefit if the vocabulary and concepts of religion and spirituality were more familiar to trainees and practitioners. Patients would find better understanding from psychiatrists, and fruitful interdisciplinary dialogue about mutual issues of ‘ultimate concern’ might ensue.

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Chanut, Florence, Thomas G. Brown, and Maurice Dongier. "Motivational Interviewing and Clinical Psychiatry." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 50, no. 9 (August 2005): 548–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370505000908.

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Objectives: Our objectives were as follows: 1) to survey the literature on motivational interviewing (MI), “a client-centered yet directive method for enhancing intrinsic motivation to change by exploring and resolving client ambivalence” and a well-established method of brief intervention, especially in the field of addictions treatment; 2) to review hypotheses about its mode of action; and 3) to discuss its possible impact on clinical psychiatry, in particular, on teaching communications skills. Method: Literature reviews and metaanalyses of numerous clinical trials of MI for addictions treatment have already been published and are briefly summarized. So far, no literature survey exists for MI applied to psychiatric patients. This review is limited to a synthesis of the articles relevant to psychiatry and to comments based on our team's experiences with MI. Results: There is no evidence that MI achieves better results than other established techniques for treating addictions; it may simply work faster. The explanation for the method's rapid effectiveness remains speculative. Outcomes concerning the application of MI to psychiatric patients, although preliminary, are promising. Methods of assessing the integrity of MI treatment are more developed than in most psychotherapies, which permits the learning progress of trainees to be measured. Conclusions: MI offers a complement to usual psychiatric procedures. It may be worthwhile to teach it, not only for addictions but also for other broad treatment issues, such as enhancing patients' medication compliance and professionals' communication skills. Questions remain concerning MI's feasibility in psychiatry settings.

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Chanut, Florence, Thomas G. Brown, and Maurice Dongier. "Motivational Interviewing and Clinical Psychiatry." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 50, no. 11 (October 2005): 715–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370505001111.

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Objectives: Our objectives were as follows: 1) to survey the literature on motivational interviewing (MI), “a client-centered yet directive method for enhancing intrinsic motivation to change by exploring and resolving client ambivalence” and a well-established method of brief intervention, especially in the field of addictions treatment; 2) to review hypotheses about its mode of action; and 3) to discuss its possible impact on clinical psychiatry, in particular, on teaching communications skills. Method: Literature reviews and metaanalyses of numerous clinical trials of MI for addictions treatment have already been published and are briefly summarized. So far, no literature survey exists for MI applied to psychiatric patients. This review is limited to a synthesis of the articles relevant to psychiatry and to comments based on our team's experiences with MI. Results: There is no evidence that MI achieves better results than other established techniques for treating addictions; it may simply work faster. The explanation for the method's rapid effectiveness remains speculative. Outcomes concerning the application of MI to psychiatric patients, although preliminary, are promising. Methods of assessing the integrity of MI treatment are more developed than in most psychotherapies, which permits the learning progress of trainees to be measured. Conclusions: MI offers a complement to usual psychiatric procedures. It may be worthwhile to teach it, not only for addictions but also for other broad treatment issues, such as enhancing patients' medication compliance and professionals' communication skills. Questions remain concerning MI's feasibility in psychiatry settings.

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Moncrieff, Joanna. "Co-opting psychiatry: The alliance between academic psychiatry and the pharmaceutical industry." Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 16, no. 3 (September 2007): 192–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00002268.

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AbstractThe Editorial present the arguments that an alliance between academic psychiatry and the pharmaceutical industry is harmful through a critical review of the academic literature and media coverage of activities of the pharmaceutical industry. The industry and the psychiatric profession both gain advantages from promoting biomedical models of psychiatric disturbance and pharmacological treatment. This confluence of interests has lead to the exaggeration of the efficacy of psychiatric drugs and neglect of their adverse effects and has distorted psychiatric knowledge and practice. Academic psychiatry has helped the industry to colonise more and more areas of modern life in order to expand the market for psychotropic drugs. Persuading people to understand their problems as biological deficiencies obscures the social origin and context of distress and prevents people from seeking social or political solutions. Psychiatry has the power to challenge the dominance of the pharmaceutical industry and should put its efforts into developing alternatives to routine drug treatment. Psychiatry needs to disengage from the industry if it wants to make genuine advances in understanding psychiatric disorder and help reverse the harmful social consequences of the widening medicalisation of human experience.

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Hotopf, Matthew, Rachel Churchill, and Glyn Lewis. "Pragmatic randomised controlled trials in psychiatry." British Journal of Psychiatry 175, no. 3 (September 1999): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.175.3.217.

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BackgroundRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) are the most important method of evaluating new treatments and treatment policies. Despite this, there are relatively few large pragmatic RCTs in psychiatry.AimsTo explore the main advantages of large pragmatic RCTs and the obstacles to performing them in psychiatry.MethodA narrative review of literature on pragmatic RCTs with examples drawn from psychiatry and other medical specialities.ResultsObstacles to performing pragmatic RCTs in psychiatry include the complexity of psychiatric interventions, the complexity of outcomes used in psychiatry and the difficulties of blinding subjects and investigators to some psychiatric interventions.ConclusionsResearchers need to frame questions in a form that is relevant to clinicians and to convince clinicians to cooperate in simple large pragmatic trials.

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Jerram, Tim. "Dorothy Wordsworth's illness – psychiatry in literature." British Journal of Psychiatry 218, no. 2 (January 27, 2021): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2020.211.

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Абишев, А. Е., Б. С. Имашева, А. М. Раушанова, and Н. Н. Черченко. "ASSERTIVE TREATMENT IN PSYCHIATRY (LITERATURE REVIEW)." Vestnik, no. 1 (June 17, 2021): 100–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.53065/kaznmu.2021.41.40.023.

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Изучение влияния учебных курсов по настойчивому поведению подтвердило, что приобретение навыков уверенного поведения приводит к повышению уверенности в себе и самооценки. Была обнаружена положительная статистически значимая корреляция между настойчивыми поведенческими навыками и самооценкой, т.е. чем выше напористость ученика, тем выше его самооценка. Research on the impact of training courses on assertive behavior has shown that the acquisition of assertive behavior skills leads to increased self-confidence and self-esteem. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between persistent behavioral skills and self-esteem, i.e. the higher the student's assertiveness, the higher his self-esteem.

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Samuel Shem. "Psychiatry and Literature: A Relational Perspective." Literature and Medicine 10, no. 1 (1991): 42–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lm.2011.0119.

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Bessey, Laurel, Jenny Tumba, and Silpa Balachandran. "GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY HIGHLIGHTS: 2019 LITERATURE REVIEW." American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 28, no. 4 (April 2020): S39—S40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2020.01.072.

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Haldipur, C. V. "Machado de Assis – Psychiatry in literature." British Journal of Psychiatry 222, no. 3 (February 14, 2023): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2022.163.

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Ikkos, George. "Personality and character – Psychiatry in literature." British Journal of Psychiatry 224, no. 2 (January 24, 2024): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2023.172.

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Cambioli, Luca, and Michele Augusto Riva. "Manzoni and agoraphobia – Psychiatry in literature." British Journal of Psychiatry 223, no. 4 (October 2023): 464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2023.70.

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Pereira, S. M., J. Bohun, and S. Guimarães. "Psychiatry, politics and national socialism." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 762. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72467-1.

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IntroductionThe misuse of psychiatry by politics during dictatorships has mainly happened in the first half of the last century during the Third Reich and Stalinist period in Soviet Union. Even today the psychiatric diagnoses may be changed in an abusive way for politic purposes as they were in the past. This may undermine the credibility of psychiatry. The psychiatric professional organizations only recently start to discuss and investigate this issue.MethodsThe authors made a literature review in historic and psychiatric books. They also visited some memorial sites were psychiatry and dictatorship were sadly connected in history. Using as main example the abuse made by psychiatrists as a politic instrument in the Third Reich period, the authors aim to make a historic review about the relationship between psychiatry and politics.ConclusionAbuse and misuse in psychiatry may also easily be done nowadays. Psychiatry is a science with not so clear boundaries, what is normal or abnormal may be sometimes unclear mainly if not seen in a serious and ethic perspective. Because of this psychiatrists should be very clear about their position in ethics, science and society.The psychiatric professional organizations should face the facts of the tragic relationship between psychiatry and politics in history, discussing this issue more openly for an appropriate understanding of the past and for preventing new errors in the future.

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Castro, L. "Emotional intelligence in psychiatry: A review." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72899-1.

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BackgroundEmotional intelligence is a term coined by Salovey & Mayer and is defined by these authors as a form of social intelligence that involves the ability to perceive and identify emotions, to discriminate among them and to use the information to improve cognitive processes, and manage one's and others’emotions. There are also mixed models of emotional intelligence that imply a broader concept of intelligence, including mental abilities and personality characteristics.AimTo discuss the relevance of emotional intelligence in Psychiatry. To review recent studies of emotional intelligence in psychiatric disorders.MethodsReview of the literature. MEDLINE and PubMed databases searches for peer-reviewed studies, published between 2000 and 2010, using combinations of the Medline Subject Heading terms emotional intelligence, trait emotional intelligence, ability emotional intelligence and psychiatry, mental disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, social phobia, eating disorders.ResultsThere are few studies in the literature addressing this topic. Emotional intelligence is a complex concept, with different theories defending distinct conceptualizations. The studies reviewed showed lower levels of emotional intelligence across different psychiatric disorders.ConclusionsThe field of affective neuroscience is of major importance in Psychiatry and has added important clues to the understanding of psychopathology. Although emotional intelligence is a recent and understudied topic in Psychiatry it can help to understand mental disorders and bring new insights to the comprehension of psychopathology.

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Ng, Bradley, and Angela O'Brien. "Beyond ADHD and narcolepsy: psychostimulants in general psychiatry." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 15, no. 4 (July 2009): 297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.bp.107.004879.

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SummaryPsychostimulants (dexamphetamine, methylphenidate, modafinil) reduce fatigue, promote alertness and wakefulness, and have possible mood-enhancing properties. In modern psychiatric practice, their use has been limited to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and sleep disorders such as narcolepsy. Despite this, research has continued into psychostimulant use in general psychiatry, especially in the treatment of depression and fatigue. This article reviews the recent literature regarding psychostimulant use in general and consultation-liaison psychiatry. Although psychostimulants continue to attract clinical research, there is currently not enough evidence to recommend their routine use for general psychiatric conditions.

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Völlm, Birgit A., Martin Clarke, Vicenç Tort Herrando, Allan O. Seppänen, Paweł Gosek, Janusz Heitzman, and Erik Bulten. "European Psychiatric Association (EPA) guidance on forensic psychiatry: Evidence based assessment and treatment of mentally disordered offenders." European Psychiatry 51 (June 2018): 58–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.12.007.

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AbstractForensic psychiatry in Europe is a specialty primarily concerned with individuals who have either offended or present a risk of doing so, and who also suffer from a psychiatric condition. These mentally disordered offenders (MDOs) are often cared for in secure psychiatric environments or prisons. In this guidance paper we first present an overview of the field of forensic psychiatry from a European perspective. We then present a review of the literature summarising the evidence on the assessment and treatment of MDOs under the following headings: The forensic psychiatrist as expert witness, risk, treatment settings for mentally disordered offenders, and what works for MDOs. We undertook a rapid review of the literature with search terms related to: forensic psychiatry, review articles, randomised controlled trials and best practice. We searched the Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane library databases from 2000 onwards for adult groups only. We scrutinised publications for additional relevant literature, and searched the websites of relevant professional organisations for policies, statements or guidance of interest. We present the findings of the scientific literature as well as recommendations for best practice drawing additionally from the guidance documents identified. We found that the evidence base for forensic-psychiatric practice is weak though there is some evidence to suggest that psychiatric care produces better outcomes than criminal justice detention only. Practitioners need to follow general psychiatric guidance as well as that for offenders, adapted for the complex needs of this patient group, paying particular attention to long-term detention and ethical issues.

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Gaedtke, Andrew. "Diagnosis, Literature, and Legitimation." American Literary History 35, no. 3 (June 21, 2023): 1317–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/ajad147.

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Abstract This commentary responds to several patterns in the articles that constitute the special issue on “Diagnosing America” and underscores questions of legitimacy related to the history of psychiatric diagnoses. Clinical diagnosis often operates as a speech-act through which a patient’s distress is made recognizable and legitimated. However, diagnostic categories have long been plagued by questions of legitimacy from within and beyond the field of psychiatry. Despite attempts to resolve these controversies through successive editions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), concerns about the validity and reliability of diagnostic categories persist. The stakes of such questions are significant. Diagnostic categories may not only describe but can also shape historically shifting expressions of mental illness and their treatments. Many works of contemporary literature have engaged in these debates by foregrounding the social, political, and phenomenological dimensions of mental illness that have often been absent from diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Such works prompt fundamental questions about how and why certain categories of mental illness come to be recognized as real. Discussions of the cultural and social dimensions of psychiatric diagnosis should include . . . questions of legitimacy—not of patients’ distress but of the nosological systems that purport to recognize forms of distress as real according to the historically prevailing ontology.

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Hordejuk, Michalina, Aleksandra Marczak, Karolina Szymkiewicz, and Michał Hyjek. "Depression and suicide risk in dermatological diseases - a review of the literature." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 12, no. 11 (November 5, 2022): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2022.12.11.031.

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Introduction Depression can be an independent disease entity, but can also result from other somatic diseases. Psychodermatology is a scientific field that deals with the interactions between dermatology and psychiatry and psychology. It is estimated that psychiatric disorders may co-occur in up to 30-60% of people with dermatological conditions. Mood disorders of the depressive type are most common among this group of patients [1]. It is important that skin specialists pay attention to the mental state of their patients in their daily practice. Objective In our work, we would like to draw attention to the interplay between psychiatric and dermatological diseases. Methods A literature search was performed in the PubMed medical publication database using the following keywords: depression; dermatology; skin; somatic; psychiatry; psoriasis; atopic dermatitis; acnes vulgaris; suicidal risk. Results There is a proven risk of depression in patients with psoriasis, acne and atopic dermatitis. These diseases also increase the risk of suicidal thoughts. Conclusions Awareness among professionals and patients of the co-occurrence of these disorders is insufficient, which in some cases can lead to serious consequences for the patient and affect the effectiveness of treatment of both dermatological and psychiatric disorders.

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Katswere, Josaphat Paluku, Alexis Mupepe Kumb, Janvier Rugendabanga Bazibuhe, Samson Todalehou, Nina Capo Chichi, Azeddine Mohamad Filali, and Francis Moïse Dossou. "Gastroduodenal Trichobezoar: A case report and literature review." Journal of Medical Research 5, no. 3 (July 31, 2019): 112–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jmr.2019.5303.

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Gastroduodenal trichobezoar is infrequent. Its diagnosis is easy in the presence of an evocative context. Patients with this condition often have an underlying psychiatric illness and history may not be easily forthcoming. We report a classic case of a 17 year-old patient admitted with acute abdominal pain, vomiting, an upper abdominal mass and anemia. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan suggested the diagnosis of bezoar. Surgical removal of trichobezoar by gastrotomy was performed without complications. Preoperative blood transfusion was admitted, the patient was referred to the department of psychiatry.

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