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Snelling, David. "Philosophy, psychoanalysis and the origins of meaning." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267252.
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Samuels, Robert. "Between philosophy and psychoanalysis : Lacan's reconstruction of Freud /." New York ; London : Routledge, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb374167040.
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Massicotte, William J. "A philosophical examination of recent clinical and theoretical psychoanalysis." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28489.
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The philosophy of psychoanalysis is distinguished from psychoanalysis. An account of psychoanalysis is developed in progressively more detail. Recently published material is assessed, e.g., Bion's. Some older literature objects to an inaccurate account of psychoanalysis. This problem is avoided by treating the content and method of psychoanalysis as inseparable.Psychoanalytic propositions have unequal epistemic warrant. Support and objections are found in psychoanalysis and extra-clinically.
Philosophical assessments are tied to the inherent features of both classical and contemporary psychoanalytic practice. Clinical psychoanalysis has interrelated procedures which continue to evolve. Both older and modern psychoanalysis have extra-clinical features and use concepts which have emerged from the clinical situation.
Modern clinical practice is distinguished. The evolved knowledge of countertransference, transference, projective identification, and interpretation are among its features. The analyst's function in the dyad is stressed and illustrated with recent cases.
The expanded clinical application to patients previously judged unanalyzable has produced modifications in theory. Theory is kept to a minimum and consists of flexibly linked concepts. They are a consistent development of recent practice. Some older concepts are inconsistent.
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Gardner, Sebastian. "Sartre's critique of Freud : irrationality and the philosophy of psychoanalysis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238699.
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Wolf, Bogdan. "Psychographies : specularity and death in psychoanalysis." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1998. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/37061/.
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This thesis discusses the relationship between philosophy and psychoanalysis. It takes the work of Freud and Lacan as a primary reference, and implements it in the reading of the texts of Nictzsche, Heidegger and Blanchot among others. The relationship is pursued along the lines of the problems originally posed by the philosophical writers and concerning the theme of subjectivity, idcntification, image fonnation and loss in order to punctuate the difficulties and aporias as articulatcd in and by the psychoanalytical questioning. The discussion aims therefore to demonstrate how the problems raised by philosophy can, but also should, be addressed by the psychoanalytical theory, and to what extent the former mishit, in the very way in which they are raised, by virtue of ignoring the discussion of the "fundamentals" of psychoanalysis, namely the status of the unconscious, the subject and the object in the human discourse. My strategy to address the philosophical readings begins in each part of this work with an analysis of the psychoanal)1ical text followed by the effects and implications, as they are imposed on the reading of philosophy/literature. This lack or insufficiency, as emerging in such an encounter, and operative in such a problematization, is thus given a certain psychographic attention which does not merely represent a psychoanalytical 'viewpoint' but rather involves a shift in the strategy itself. This shift questions the status of the subject in the production of discourse, while deploying the subject as a lack in such a questioning, and its relation to the real (object). It is in accordance with such an approach that I have divided this work into two parts, each attempting to address in the way described above the following issues. On the one hand, the analysis revolves around the problems of narcissism, specularity, image, ego and 'I' formation, and the symptom, and in this respect discusses the texts of Freud, Lacan, Rank and Nietzsche. On the other hand. it touches upon the work of "sad passions" or passions of death as operative in the production of the letter, and apparent in what could be called fictional theorisations in the texts of N. Abraham, Torok, Blanchot and Heidegger. Such tactics, again, take us beyond the meaning caught in the real, towards the way in which the problems of philosophy can be, again, taken up by psychoanalysis. To this extent, the second part has been devoted to the discussion and analysis of melancholia, mourning, loss, voice and guilt.
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Kazarian, Edward P. "The science of events Deleuze and psychoanalysis /." Click here for download, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1708246961&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=3260&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Washington, Michael. "Giving an account of the queer subject : plasticity, psychoanalysis, and queer theory." Thesis, Kingston University, 2017. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/41037/.
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The aim of this thesis will be to ask what is the relationship betweeen the concept of plasticity and queer theoretical discourse? Plasticity being, at its most basic level, the idea that difference itself can change form, that it does not just manifest spatially and temporally within acts of inscription, but also within material forms as well. The thesis will attempt to show that what is at work inherently within both discourse (both at the level of logic and objects of analysis) allows for them to speak alongside one another, and even if placed in close enough proximity, to provoke transformations in the other in productive and generative ways. The central claim that will be defended throughout the thesis is that the concept of plasticity has deep and profound implications for queer theory. It will attempt to reveal and explore the ways in which both are committed to thinking change and transformation within a form in ways that implicate the other. The analysis of the relation between the two will be divided into three moments of encounter in which the resonance between both discourses could be seen to be most generative and productive, these staged encounters compromising the three main sections of the thesis: plasticity's relation to the theory performativity, its relation to the anti-social turn within queer thought, and its relation to the affective turn within queer theory. The overall objective will be to demonstrate not only the philosophical underpinnings that animate queer theory, but also the ways in which philosophy itself has been marked and changed by certain interventions of queer thought.
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Polzin, Sunael. "Sartre's existential psychoanalysis : theory, method and case studies." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/58492/.
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This work present the salient features of existential psychoanalysis across a chronological selection of Sartre's works. It looks at the background in psychology and phenomenology which informed Sartre's concept and presents key aspects of the theory itself, in comparison with Freudian psychoanalysis. A study of Sartre's three existential biographies, on Baudelaire, Genet and Flaubert, shows how the theory and its progressive-regressive method are applied to concrete cases, while also tracing the evolution of Sartre's approach up to his late writings on the topic. The final assessment concerns the possibility of using Sartre's theory as a basis for existential psychotherapy. Sartre's account is shown to provide a consistent framework for analysing individuals in existential terms and through which to understand subjectivity.
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Kellond, Joanna Elizabeth Thornton. "The art of healing : psychoanalysis, culture and cure." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2015. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/54447/.
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This thesis explores how we might think the relation between psychoanalysis and the cultural field through Donald Winnicott's concept of the environment, seeking to bring the concept into dialogue with more “classical” strands of psychoanalytic theorizing. A substantial introduction sets out the rationale behind the thesis by reading Freud and Winnicott in relation to the “classic” and the “romantic” (Strenger 1989), or the “negative” and “positive” (Rustin 2001), in psychoanalytic thought. It goes on to outline the value of bringing these tendencies together in order to think the relationship between psychoanalysis, culture and change. The chapters which follow move from psychoanalysis as a “cultural cure” – a method and discourse drawing on and feeding into a broad conception of cultural life – towards a notion of “culture as cure” informed by Winnicott's theory of the environment. Chapter one examines Freud's refusal of the “culture”/ “civilization” distinction and considers what it means for the idea of a cultural cure. Chapter two considers whether Winnicott's thinking about “culture” ultimately prioritises the aesthetic over the political. Chapter three uses Aldous Huxley's Brave New World ([1932] 1994) to explore an analogy between totalitarianism, technology and maternal care. Chapter four turns to the series In Treatment (HBO 2008-) to think about the intersections of therapy and technology in terms of reflection and recognition. Chapter five employs Ian McEwan's Saturday (2005) as a means to reflect on the capacity of culture to cure. Ultimately, I suggest that social “cure” may require more than “good-enough” cultural forms and objects, but Winnicott's “romantic” theorization of the aesthetic, coupled with a “classic” attention to structures of power and oppression may offer a means of thinking the relationship between psychoanalysis and culture in potentially transformative ways.
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Sellars, Roy. "Bloom, Freud and Milton : misprision, psychoanalysis, and the question of the text." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303652.
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Clemente, Matthew. "Eros Crucified: Sex and Death at the Intersection of Philosophy, Theology, and Psychoanalysis." Thesis, Boston College, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:108568.
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Thesis advisor: Richard M. KearneyWhat is the relation between sex, death, and the divine? This question, which is of vital importance to Plato and which Freud tacitly takes up by turning to the Symposium at the end of Beyond the Pleasure Principle, can be seen as standing at the foundation of philosophy, theology, and psychoanalysis. It ought not to surprise us, then, to observe the vibrant conversation going on between Continental philosophers, theologians, and psychoanalysts today. This attempt to untangle and analyze the intersection where the “Heavenly Powers” of sex and death converge with the divine is that which allows Julia Kristeva to state, during a recent interview with Richard Kearney, that of all “the human sciences and the social sciences, the only rational approaches to human beings, psychoanalysis . . . come[s] closest . . . to the experience of faith.” It is that which enables Lacan to assert that “Saint Augustine . . . foreshadowed psychoanalysis” and to insist that psychoanalysts ought to “become versed in Augustine.” It is that which compels thinkers like Emmanuel Falque—who advise philosophers of religion to speak first and foremost about “finitude, the consciousness and horizon of death” —to write books on Freud and philosophy. And it is that which drives the work being undertaken today. The purpose of this dissertation is to approach once more the dark mystery of Eros and Thanatos which, to paraphrase Dostoevsky, forever struggle with God on the battlefield of the human heart. In order to broach this topic, I will attempt to establish a connection between carnal, bodily love and man’s relation to the divine. To do so, I will rely upon and further develop what Paul Ricoeur has called “the nuptial metaphor”—the recurring biblical motif that portrays God’s relation to man as a kind of love affair, neither reductively sexual nor legalistically marital, but passionate, romantic, protective, desirous, even jealous. Such an understanding of the connection between sexuality and spirituality is not without precedent. Consider, for example, the statement by Ignatius of Antioch from which this work derives its title—“my Eros has been crucified”—which Pseudo Dionysius reads as a supreme affirmation of divine desire. John Panteleimon Manoussakis, commenting on this link between the carnal and the spiritual, writes, “The desire for God is not independent from the desire for the other human . . . One who has not felt the latter rarely and with difficulty would seek the former.” I would add that, as Jean-Luc Marion argues in The Erotic Phenomenon, one who has felt the latter has perhaps already experienced the former, if only in a veiled way. Thus, where Freud reads the desire for God as a sublimation of the sex drives, I would suggest the opposite: erotic desire often reveals a deeper, more fundamental longing—a longing for the divine. And yet, Freud might counter, one must consider not only Eros but Thanatos. How does the desire for death factor into this religiously-inflected reading of the drives? That human sexuality implies both perversion and perfection, that it brings together man’s baseness and his beatitude, is one of the most important insights offered by Freudian drive theory. As Freud himself notes, “The highest and the lowest are always closest to each other in the sphere of sexuality.” But why this is the case remains for Freud a great mystery. Here, I would suggest, is where philosophy of religion can make an important contribution. Relying on the works of philosophers such as Manoussakis, Kearney, and Marion, theologians, in particular Hans Urs von Balthasar, and psychoanalysts such as Freud and Lacan, this work aims to both provide a possible answer to this fundamental question and to foster further dialogue between thinkers whose fields were born of similar concerns
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2019
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Philosophy
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Simms, K. N. "Assertion, negation and contradiction : A conjunction of literature, psychoanalysis and philosophy in modern thought." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382900.
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Forester, Christopher. "Jung's psychoanalysis as a religious 'culture' : the unconscious, religious experience and the critical-correlational theology of Don S. Browning." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285405.
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Mantilla, Lagos Carla Eugenia. "Cavell, M. (2006). Becoming a subject. Reflections in philosophy and psychoanalysis. Nueva York: Oxford University Press. 182 p." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/101369.
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Adler, Marianna. "Psychoanalysis as a praxis : metapsychology and ethics in the work of Freud, Lacan and Kristeva /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Mendonça, Ricardo Alexandre Coimbra de. "A escuta e a defesa na psicanalise." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279167.
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Orientador: Oswaldo Giacoia JuniorDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: Este trabalho tem o objetivo de caracterizar a escuta psicanalítica à luz da teoria da defesa, exposta por Freud de modo inaugural no seu artigo As neuropsicoses de defesa. Tenta-se mostrar, a partir de um exemplo de intervenção clínica junto a um caso de fobia, em que medida a prática de escuta em psicanálise se articula com a problemática da falsa conexão, problemática que se insere nos quadros teóricos da hipótese da defesa
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to characterize the psychoanalytic hearing under the light of the theory of defense, primarily exposed by Freud in his article "The neuropsychoses of defense". Here the idea is to show, from an example of clinical intervention on a phobia case, to what extent the psychoanalytic hearing practice articulates itself to the problematic of the false connection, which is related to the theoretical scope of the defense hypothesis
Mestrado
Filosofia
Mestre em Filosofia
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Williams, Daniel. "The role of imagination in Bergman, Klein and Sartre." Thesis, Brunel University, 2013. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7448.
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This thesis provides an inter-disciplinary study of selected works by Ingmar Bergman. I explore how key concepts from Melanie Klein and Jean-Paul Sartre apply to the focus on characters in a state of heightened imagination; and the value placed on imagination in the construction of these films. This involves recognition of the way an active response from the viewer is encouraged. Klein, Sartre and Bergman also attend to contextual factors that challenge any notion of subjectivity as sovereign and the power of imagination is frequently placed in a social context. All three figures develop their ideas within specialised fields drawing on the influence of others. Chapter 2 shows how Klein’s ideas relate to the influence of Freud before exploring how her work can be applied to Bergman’s films through the example of Wild Strawberries. Chapter 3 concentrates on Sartre’s early work, The Imaginary and considers how this is significant in relation to some of Sartre’s better-known philosophical ideas developed during and after the Second World War. These ideas will lead to an exploration of The Seventh Seal. Chapters 4, 5, and 6 focus on three films from distinct parts of Bergman’s career: Summer with Monika, The Virgin Spring and Hour of the Wolf. In Chapter 4 this will be preceded by a brief over-view of three more films from the early part of Bergman’s career. These chapters explore how Kleinian and Sartrean ideas can be incorporated in close analysis, and alongside selected critical responses to the films. The analysis integrates key points from Klein and Sartre in a methodology specific to film studies. This will include analysis of cinematic elements such as camera work and lighting, and recognition of narrative structure and character development
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Andraud, Christelle. "Pour un usage psychanalytique du concept de volonté : de la volonté chez Schopenhauer au désir freudien : étude conceptuelle interdisciplinaire." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0107.
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La Psychologie admet que la volonté puisse être posée comme un point de vue particulier de la vie consciente. Certes, elle est intimement liée à toute la nature de la vie consciente dans des actions synthétiques du vouloir. Mais, si la volonté consciente est l’expression la plus nette de la synthèse, et si d’autre part, la synthèse est une activité, une fonction, nous sommes en droit de penser qu’elle contient dans son essence une part inconsciente. La Volonté est un concept tragique, dans le sens où elle confronte le Sujet avec l’impossible. Elle désigne la part la plus intime du sujet, ce qu’il y a de plus subjectif. En effet, elle n’est pas intégralement délibérative, dans le cas où elle s’articule au symptôme, elle est liée non à la sélection des possibles, mais à l’instauration d’un impossible. Elle est liée à des points de lacune de la structure du sujet, à des points d’interruptions de la répétition dont le Sujet n’a pas conscience. La volonté est le vecteur du désir, il peut y avoir une articulation du désir à la volonté sans pour autant que la volonté soit le Désir. Partant de ces hypothèses nous défendrons l’idée qu’il y a donc des règles et des mécanismes, des processus psychiques qui régissent ce fonctionnement permettant de fait de lui octroyer une assise inconscienteThe Psychology admits that the will can be raised as a particular point of view of conscious life. It is, of course, intimately connected with the whole nature of conscious life in some synthetic actions of the will. Thus, if the conscious will is the clearest expression of synthesis, and if, on the other hand, synthesis is an activity, a function, we are entitled to deliberate that it deeply encloses an unconscious part. The Will is a tragic concept, in the sense that the Subject faces the impossible. The Will designates the most intimate part of the subject, so the most subjective one. It is not fully deliberative indeed, in the sense that it is anchored to the symptom, it is not related to the selection of the possible, but to the establishment of an impossible. It is connected with some lacunae in the subject’s structure, with some break points of reiteration whose Subject is unaware. The will is the vector of the desire. There may be an articulation of the desire to the will, without implying the will being the Desire. Starting from these hypotheses, we will defend the idea that there are rules and mechanisms, psychic processes that govern this functioning allowing us to grant it an unconscious basis
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Carney, Eoin. "Technologies in practice : Paul Ricoeur and the hermeneutics of technique." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2018. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/82fa9056-1363-467d-920b-a099f91e9cb4.
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The problem that this thesis seeks to address is the hermeneutic tension between practical reason and technology. According to hermeneutics, the types of knowledge associated with practical understanding incorporate questions of the self and lived experience. In contrast, the types of knowledge and capability associated with modern technology are independent of questions of self-understanding. Technical approaches to practical dilemmas produce generalizable, detachable solutions, thereby disavowing the central role of hermeneutic appropriation in the process of understanding meaning. If a technology works in the same way across different contexts and applications, the notion of an interpreting, appropriating self seems superfluous to the question of technology. However, following an analysis of Paul Ricoeur’s distinctive understandings of hermeneutic distanciation, appropriation, and technique, I argue that technologies can become objects of hermeneutic engagement once we recognize their variable and uncertain nature at the practical level. Using Ricoeur’s conception of the productive circle between distanciation and belonging, the alienating distances associated with technologies can be re-read as moments of distanciation, i.e., as reflective outcomes of practical engagements that, in turn, project new possibilities for action an understanding. This means that our practical self-understanding is as bound to techniques and technologies as it is to more conventional hermeneutic objects like a text, narrative or artwork. For Ricoeur, hermeneutic techniques are meaningful because they reveal possibilities for action that would otherwise remain concealed. Likewise, subjects engaging with technologies develop unanticipated applications and functions at the practical level through appropriating technologies in novel, creative ways. In this way, practical self-understanding and technologies depend on one another for development. This mutual, interpretive interaction reveals a hermeneutic circle between the practical self and the technical devices and artefacts that mediate self-understanding at a distance.
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Mersky, Matthew. "Poetics of The Real." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2016. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/575.
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ABSTRACT
The premise of my thesis is to approach poetics anew, using psychoanalysis and other related theoretical disciplines to help answer the often overlooked but fundamental question: 'What is poetry?' This thesis is based on the notion that Freud's insight into the unconscious is itself the key to unlocking the essential function of poetry as it has come to be understood in the 20th century, throughout the modernist period; and that Lacan, as a rewriting of Freud, specifically developed a theory of language that provides the beginnings of a psychoanalytic poetics. Another component of this thesis involves the claim that, of all the modernists, Wallace Stevens particularly embodies a poetic style that most closely embodies the theoretical position of psychoanalysis.
In the first chapter of this study my aim is to draw out thoroughly the relationship to Freudian psychoanalysis and poetry'and to make the specific argument that Freud's technique for dream interpretation is essentially the one that we use to interpret or to read modern poetry.
The second chapter deals with repetition, a favorite of psychoanalysis and poetry, in order to make the claim that the ultimate form of metaphor is repetition, which, more than just a rhetorical technique, has much to do with the human psyche and the formation of subjectivity proper.
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Wentzel, Andrieta. "The four cycles of Herakles : towards the visual articulation of myth as psychological process." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/642.
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My research involves the reassertion of mythic experience in a manner considered contemporaneously relevant. The relevancy resides in the Jungian assumption that myth structures psychic experience to the benefit of the individual and ultimately, society. To this end, I have taken the hero myth of Heracles, and, by filtering it through Jung’s system promoting psychological maturation, that is what he called the individuation process, I have reconfigured it in fine art form
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Rep, Marco. "A Question of Taste : Psychoanalytic Explorations of Aesthetic Dislike and Bourdieu’s Distinction." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Filosofiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445058.
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This dissertation approaches the question of taste and aesthetic dislike from a combined sociological and psychoanalytic perspective. Building on Pierre Bourdieu’s sociology of art (most notably La distinction from 1979), I attempt to reconcile a view of aesthetic judgments as acts of distinction with a legitimate subjective dimension of aesthetic enjoyment. I make a parallel between taste and the psychoanalytic conception of the symptom and analyse the way they both transform the repressed content of the unconscious drives into a manifest one with the use of Freud’s theory of the dream. I relate the question of pleasure and displeasure in art with the dichotomy Eros/Death Drive (Freud) and argue that both aesthetic like and dislike arrive from a combination of these two drives, as in Lacan’s jouissance. I argue that the love of art can, as any love, be understood as a transference, the repetition of unconscious desires projected onto an other. In the conclusion, I refer to Sándor Ferenczi’s work and argue that one should relate to one’s aesthetic judgments with the same elasticity (Elastizität) that the analyst should show towards the resistance of the analysand in order to understand her symptom. Finally, I reject a mystifying view of art and the sublime and argue that the very nature of art should instead be conceived as the objet a (Lacan) of our desires, i.e. that which cannot ever be fully obtained from the other but which at the same time structures our desires.
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Zarifi, Asmaiel. "L'amour et la haine : (Mythologie-Philosophie-Psychanalyse)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON30068.
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Cette recherche historique depuis les origines, à partir des premiers textes écrits de l'humanité, essaie de tracer le chemin mental d'où ces notions de haine et d'amour émergent de la sexualité et s'expriment à travers la mythologie par un processus à la fois conscient mais surtout inconscient de génération en génération. Ainsi cette rétrospective tente de découvrir le jaillissement de la source unique de l'amour et de la haine qui sourd de toute l'humanité depuis les époques historiques mais bien en deçà lorsque s'élaborait une culture commune comme une personnalité individuelle, passage de l'homme vers et dans la temporalité, le symbolique et l'imaginaire. Anaximandre, Zoroastre, Empédocle d'Agrigente, Platon, Nietzsche, puis Freud et Lacan énoncent que l'émergence de l'Homme dans la dimension de la temporalité et donc dans le langage est consubstantiel de son émancipation au sortir de la nature, mais il se trouve contraint de payer ce passage par la haine et l'amourThis historical research since the origins, from the first texts written by mankind, try to recount the mind path (or way) from where these notions of hate and love emerge from sexuality and are expressed through mythology via a process both conscious but also unconscious from generation to generation. Therefore, this retrospection tries to discover the unique origin of love and hate that bursts from all humanity from historical times, and even before when a common culture was elaborated as an individual personality, transition of man toward and within temporality, symbolic and imaginary. Anaximandre, Zoroastre, Empédocle d’Agrigente, Platon, Nietzsche, then Freud and Lacan state that the emergence of Man in the dimension of temporality, and subsequently in the language, is consubstancial (or integral part of) of his emancipation from the nature, but he is compelled to pay this transition by hate and love
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Van, der Merwe Petrus Lodewikus. "Freud, Lacan, and the Oedipus complex." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17843.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: “Freud, Lacan, and the Oedipus Complex” examines the Oedipus complex as found in the writing of Sigmund Freud and re-evaluated in the works of Jacques Lacan. Lacan‟s critical reappraisal of the Oedipus complex is captured in his 1969-1971 Seminars, published as The Other Side of Psychoanalysis(2007). This thesis examines Freud‟s overemphasis of the Oedipus complex, the myth of the primal horde and the consequent depiction of the father. Lacan doesn‟t dismiss the Oedipus complex completely, but treats it as a dream, and reinterprets it in light of Freud‟s The Interpretation of Dreams (1900). Lacan focuses on Freud‟s overemphasis on the father in both the Oedipus complex and the myth of the primal horde and illustrates how Freud is protecting the image of the father by depicting him as strong, whereas clinical experience shows that the father can be weak and fallible.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: “Freud, Lacan, and the Oedipus Complex” ondersoek die Oedipus kompleks, soos beskryf in die werk van Sigmund Freud en die beskrywing daarvan in die werk van Jacques Lacan. Lacan se kritiese herevaluasie van die Oedipus kompleks verskyn in sy 1969-1971 Seminare, gepubliseer as The Other Side of Psychoanalysis(2007). Die tesis studeer Freud se oorbeklemtoning van die Oedipus kompleks, die oer-miete en die rol van die vader, ten spyte van die ongerymdhede en kliniese tekortkominge in sy uitbeelding van die vader-figuur. Lacan verwerp nie die Oedipus kompleks ten volle nie, maar kontekstualiseer dit in terme van ʼn droom en herinterpreteer dit in lig van Freud se The Interpretation of Dreams (1900). Lacan fokus op Freud se oorbeklemtoning van die vader in beide die Oedipus kompleks en die oer-miete en illustreer hoe Freud die beeld van die vader probeer beskerm deur hom as sterk uit te beeld, veral wanneer kliniese ervaring wys dat die vader swak en feilbaar is.
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Sales, José Josivan Bezerra de. "O dualismo antagônico na teoria do eros em Platão e na teoria pulsional em Freud." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2015. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1136.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma pesquisa qualitativa de natureza bibliográfica que aprofundasse a analogia feita por Freud sobre sua Teoria Pulsional e a Teoria sobre Eros de Platão. Para isso escolhemos o tema do dualismo antagônico como elemento de semelhança, depois de ter observado as várias aproximações que outros autores já haviam estudado. Num primeiro capítulo, analisamos como se apresentava este dualismo antagônico nas teorias dos três filósofos originários, a saber, Tales, Anaximandro e Anaxímenes, depois analisamos o mesmo tema nas teorias de Heráclito e Empédocles, e por fim, estudamos as obras Fédon, Banquete, República e Fedro, de Platão, para encontrar nelas o dualismo antagônico nas suas concepções de alma e de Eros. Num segundo capítulo, apresentamos o contexto epistemológico do conceito de pulsão, para a partir dele estudarmos na obra de Freud o dualismo antagônico entre pulsões de autoconservação e pulsões sexuais na Primeira Teoria das Pulsões, passarmos pela libido narcísica, e estudarmos esta oposição entre as pulsões de vida e pulsão de morte, na Segunda Teoria das Pulsões. No terceiro capítulo passamos a comparar o elemento escolhido dualismo antagônico encontrando-o primeiro no modus operandi de Platão e de Freud, que esforçando-se por explicar o homem de modo racional, não puderam deixar de acolher nas suas teorias o contraditório do mito e da metafísica. Passamos a estudar as aproximações feitas por diversos autores para, enfim, estudar as semelhanças e dessemelhanças na teoria do Eros e da Libido, e acabamos concluindo que o dualismo das pulsões longe de ser contraditório é concorrente e confluente, no sentido de ambos se ajudarem mutuamente na sua própria oposição. Isto nos permitiu aproximar-nos de três autores que indicam este tipo de oposição: Garcia-Roza, André Green e Ivan Corrêa. No entanto, o nosso estudo longe de apresentar uma conclusão fica aberto para aprofundar este modo de oposição que gera vida.This study aimed to perform a qualitative bibliographic research that probes Freud‟s analogy about his Pulsional Theory and the Eros of Plato Theory. For that, we choose the topic of antagonistic dualism as a similarity factor after we had observed several themes which were studied by other authors. In the first chapter we analyzed how this antagonistic dualism was shown in the theories of three original philosophers, Thales, Anaximader and Anaximenes. After, we analyzed the same topic in relation to Heraclitus‟s and Empedocles‟ theories and we studied the antagonistic dualism conceptions of soul and Eros in the compositions of Phaedo, Symposium, The Republic and Phaedrus from Plato. In the second chapter we studied present the epistemological context of the urge concept. From this point we studied Freud‟s composition and its antagonistic dualism between self-preservation and sexual drives in the First Drive Theory. We then went through the narcissistic libido and studied this opposition between life and death urges in the Second Drive Theory. In the third chapter we first started to compare the antagonistic dualism in Plato‟s and after in Freud‟s modus operandi. By trying to explain the man under a rational perspective, these philosophers couldn‟t had left the contradictory of myth and metaphysics in their theories. We then started studying the approximation made by different authors in order to understand the similarities and dissimilarities in the theory of Eros and the Libido. We concluded that the urge dualism is far from being contradictory and is a competitor and confluent in the sense of they both help each other in its own opposition. This fact allowed us to get close to three authors who point to this type of opposition: Garcia-Roza, André Green and Ivan Corrêa. So that our study is far from presenting a conclusion and it will remain open to reinforce in this opposition that generates life.
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Brunning, Luke. "Integration, ambivalence, and mental conflict." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4a0288d4-7c6d-4dc3-9ee7-8508b205e9e7.
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In my DPhil thesis I critique a philosophical ideal of mental organization: that one’s mind ought to be integrated, that is, lack conflicts or ambivalence between mental states, because disintegration is argued to impair one’s agency and undermine one’s well-being. My argument has three parts. In part one, I describe Plato’s maximalist version of the ideal where, if ideally organized, one’s psyche lacks conflicts because one’s rational faculty, aware of what is valuable, harmonises one’s motivational and affective states. I also argue that any dispute about integration is orthogonal to the dispute between value monists and value pluralists. In part two, I contest the integration ideal by criticizing three manifestations of it in contemporary philosophy. I focus on the organization of desire, and on deliberative and affective ambivalence. My arguments have a similar structure. First, I challenge the link between the integrated mind and the purported benefits of unimpaired agency and well-being. On investigation, this apparent connection is largely contingent. Not all conflicts or ambivalence are harmful, and other social or psychological factors are relevant in case where they really are damaging. Secondly, I argue that there are contexts where integration is a form of mental rigidity or harmful impoverishment. Thirdly, I argue that being disintegrated seems morally good in some situations where one manifests fitting states of mind, particularly emotions. In part three, I ask whether integration can be reinterpreted to salvage an alternative ideal. After rejecting a promising candidate found in Kleinian psychoanalytic theory, I offer my own account of integration as a two-part capacity to tolerate difficult mental states (not necessarily bad mental states - excitement can be hard to tolerate), and to avoid being reflectively passive as one’s mental organization changes. This capacity has rational and non-rational elements. Finally, I consider how this reinterpreted capacity relates to the practice of virtue. I conclude that integration is not a virtue, and may be compatible with some viciousness, but it enables one to be virtuous in situations where there are pressures towards being insensitively singleminded.
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Pestana, Heitor. "O Anti-Édipo devorado: tensões entre a crítica esquizoanalítica e a psicanálise lacaniana." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47134/tde-30102018-162132/.
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A crítica à psicanálise empreendida por Gilles Deleuze & Félix Guattari é bastante conhecida. Sua relação íntima com a psicanálise, a ponto desta ser responsável pela origem de alguns conceitos centrais na obra esquizoanalítica, nem tanto. As críticas fortemente elaboradas pelos autores em O Anti-Édipo: Capitalismo e Esquizofrenia acerca do idealismo que seria característico da psicanálise, se condensam i) na representação em jogo no pensamento psicanalítico, ii) na compreensão do inconsciente como um teatro, e iii) na mediação familiar à qual a psicanálise submeteria todo o desejo. Neste trabalho, tenta-se recompor o trajeto pelo qual esse questionamento foi formulado, além de examinar a pertinência e as repercussões de tais críticas na obra lacaniana. São analisados alguns trabalhos anteriores de Deleuze e de Guattari, assim como algumas de suas bases filosóficas, a fim de compor um mapa de seu pensamento. É também analisado o trajeto teórico de Jacques Lacan, que, conforme demonstrado, estava às voltas com questões similares às dos esquizoanalistas em diversos momentos de seu pensamento, assim como a recepção de tal arsenal crítico em seu trabalho. Nesta linha, são apresentadas algumas hipóteses relativas à incorporação de parte da ideia deleuzoguattariana, assim como algumas considerações acerca do materialismo em jogo na psicanálise. Finalmente, são apresentadas algumas ponderações acerca de tal debate empreendidas por pensadores contemporâneos, situando tais comentários em relação ao contexto deste trabalho. Conclui-se que, apesar de toda a relação entre as duas correntes ser marcada por diversos pontos de ruptura, um plano de coengendramento não só é possível, como é constitutivo de ambos os camposThe critique on psychoanalysis enforced by Gilles Deleuze & Félix Guattari is well known. Its intimate relationship with psychoanalysis, to the point where it is responsible for the creation of many core concepts in the schizoanalytical ouvre, though, isnt as well known. The critique formulated by the authors in The Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia related to the idealism concerning psychoanalysis, is condensed around i) the representation at stake in the psychoanalytical thought, ii) the understanding of the unconscious as a theatre, and iii) the familiarist mediation to which psychoanalysis would submit desire, In this text, the path following such questions is analysed and recovered, and the critique is examined trying to define its pertinence and the repercussion of such critique in the lacanian psychoanalytical ouvre. Some previous Works of Deleuze and Guattari are analysed, just as some of their philosophical foundations, in a way to compose a map of their thought. Jacques Lacans theoretical path i salso analysed, and, according to our demonstration, he was involved in similar questions to the ones that were being investigated by the schizoanalysts in many moments of their work. Some hypothesis are presented regarding the incorporation of part of the deleuzoguattarian ideas, and some considerations are made regarding the state of the materialism at stake in psychoanalysis. Finally, some ponderations by contemporary thinkers regarding this debate are presented, placing such comments in relation to the framework of this text. Its conclucded that, even though the relationship between both currents of thought is deeply marked by many rupture points, a plane of dialogue is not only possible, but constitutive of both fields
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Rosim, Alexis Daniel. "Georges Politzer e a psicologia : antecedentes do programa para uma psicologia concreta." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279157.
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Orientador: Osmyr Faria Gabbi JuniorDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Na presente dissertação procuramos reconstituir os antecedentes teóricos da Critique des fondements de la psychologie, de Georges Politzer, a partir de sua adesão à filosofia kantiana, registrada em seu artigo ¿Introdução¿ como adesão a uma epistemologia de cunho radicalmente não realista. Por outro lado, procuramos mostrar como, partindo da estrutura epistemológica em questão, seu programa para uma psicologia concreta deveu completar-se no anonimato de um antihumanismo teórico. Em outras palavras, a crítica de Politzer à ¿psicologia clássica¿ não se limitaria a refutar pressupostos empiristas como o paralelismo psicofisiológico ou a noção de imagem mental, mas trazia consigo a negação de toda ¿filosofia da consciência¿. De fato, a Critique... sobreviveu na geração do pós-guerra ao destino de seu autor, mas ao preço desta ter ignorado o alcance de seu fundamento crítico. Entendemos que, se a Critique... não consagrava o advento de uma psicologia, finalmente, concreta, não se tratara de uma falta de alcance teórico de seu autor ou de uma conversão ideológica ao stalinismo, em detrimento de sua investigação sobre a psicologia, mas, ao contrário, de certa maneira, antecipava a crítica de Michel Foucault ao ¿sonho antropológico¿ implicado nos projetos fenomenológico e existencialista de reforma da psicologia. Neste sentido, a gravidade de seu manifesto não teria sido completamente decifrada por seus contemporâneos e pela geração que se seguiu: ¿a dissolução do mito da dupla natureza humana¿, anunciada no começo da Critique..., encontrava seu verdadeiro desfecho pela recusa a toda temática em torno do ¿homem¿ tout court, como objeto de uma metapsicologia, de uma redução fenomenológica, de uma análise existencial, etc. Cada um desses discursos tomaria para si a mesma estatua herdada do empirismo, procurando reanimar a Idéia ¿clássica¿, agora, rebaixada e recortada, por uma duplicação empírico-transcendental, à altura da nova figura do homo psichologicus
Abstract: In this dissertation one searches to reconstruct the theoretical antecedents of the Critique des fondements de la psychologie, by Georges Politzer, from its adhesion to the Kantian philosophy, registered in his article ¿Introduction¿ as adhesion to an epistemology of essence radically non-realistic. On the other hand, one searches to show how, departing from this epistemological structure, its program towards a concrete psychology should be complemented in the anonymity of a theoretical anti-humanism. In others words, Politzer's critic to ¿classical psychology¿ wouldn¿t be limited to refusing empirical presuppositions as the parallelism psycho-physiologic or the notion of mental image, but would bring in itself the denial of ¿conscience philosophy¿ in a hole. As a fact, the Critique... survived, in the post-War Generation, to the destiny of its own author, but under the price of ignoring the reach of its critical fundament. One understands that if the Critique... didn¿t materialize the rise of a psychology, finally, concrete, it didn¿t occur due to a lack of theoretical reach of its author or a ideological conversion to Stalinism, in detriment of his investigation over psychology. On the contrary, in a certain way, it anticipated Michel Foucault¿s critic to the ¿anthropological dream¿ implicated in the phenomenological and existentialist projects of reformation of psychology. In this sense, the gravity of its manifest wouldn¿t have been completely deciphered by his contemporary and the following generation: ¿the dissolution of the myth of the double human nature¿ announced at the beginning of the Critique..., found its real end in the denial of all the thematic surrounding the ¿man¿ tout court, as the object of a metapsychology, of a phenomenological reduction, of a existential analysis, etc. Each and all of these speeches would take for itself the statue inherited of empirism, looking for reliving the ¿classical¿ Idea, now lowered and cut out by a duplication empirical-transcendental, of the stature of the new character of homo psichologicus
Mestrado
Mestre em Filosofia
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Carvalho, Vitor Orquiza de. "O território da ciência da natureza em Freud." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47132/tde-04092018-165405/.
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Ao longo de toda sua obra, Freud não abandona a proposta de que a psicanálise é uma ciência da natureza. Com isso, além de gerar um extenso debate sobre a legitimidade dessa proposta, ele evidencia que o horizonte filosófico mais condizente com suas hipóteses é o naturalismo. Certas ressonâncias desse horizonte aparecem em argumentos de teor epistemológico, metodológico e ontológico, revelando que o aparelho psíquico por ele formulado não pretende exceder o território dos fenômenos naturais e de caráter empirista. O objetivo principal desta pesquisa é investigar esses argumentos para oferecer uma compreensão sobre a concepção freudiana de ciências da natureza e o que ela pode oferecer em termos de sua versão de naturalismo. Para tanto, tomamos o critério elaborado por determinadas filosofias contemporâneas que dividem o naturalismo em um componente metodológico e outro ontológico. Critério este que permite levantar a hipótese de que, sem desconsiderar o naturalismo metodológico, Freud não pode renunciar ao naturalismo ontológico. Ele precisa se comprometer com a hipótese metafísica de que todos os fenômenos são naturais, e a razão para isso encontra-se em outra caracterização que atribuímos à sua atitude epistemológica: a de ser fenômenoorientado. Entre permanecer em concordância com teorias científicas predominantes ou se deixar guiar por aquilo que legitima como fenômeno, Freud escolhe sempre a segunda opção. Essa atitude implica a necessidade de expressar quais devem ser os modos de naturalização apropriados para fenômenos que não condizem com o modelo oferecido por outras ciências da natureza. A pesquisa busca então circunscrever três momentos decisivos da obra freudiana que nos permitem discutir e analisar esses modos de naturalização. Esses momentos agrupam conceitos e concepções concentradas principalmente nos textos Projeto para uma psicologia (1895), A interpretação dos sonhos (1900), Três ensaios sobre a teoria sexual (1905) e Pulsões e destinos das pulsões (1915). Por meio de um estudo sobre temas diversos relacionados à natureza do conhecimento científico, decorre de nossa análise a proposta de que um compromisso ontológico se manifesta em todas as concepções de mente que Freud elabora. Presente, inclusive, desde Sobre a concepção das afasias (1891), este compromisso faz que os termos ontológicos dos fenômenos psíquicos sejam mais bem compreendidos com base no que Freud designa como processo. Ao final, sugerimos que, por causa do estabelecimento desse compromisso, torna-se possível compreender a metapsicologia freudiana por meio de um caráter de indispensabilidadeThroughout his work, Freud never abandons the proposal that Psychoanalysis is a Natural science. As a result, in addition to generating an extensive debate on the legitimacy of this proposal, he shows that the philosophical horizon best suitable to his hypothesis is naturalism. Certain resonances of this horizon appear in arguments of epistemological, methodological and ontological content, revealing that the psychic apparatus formulated by Freud does not intend to surpass the territory of natural phenomena and of empiricist character. The main objective of this research is to investigate these arguments to provide an understanding about the Freudian conception of Natural sciences and what it can offer in terms of his version of naturalism. To this end, we borrow the criteria elaborated by certain contemporary philosophers that divide naturalism into one methodological and other ontological component. This criterion allows us to present the hypothesis that, without disregarding the methodological naturalism, Freud cannot renounce the ontological naturalism. He needs to commit to the metaphysical hypothesis that all phenomena are natural, and the reason for this lies in another characterization that we attribute to his epistemological attitude: the fact of being phenomenon-oriented. Between remaining in accordance with prevailing scientific theories or allowing himself to be guided by what he legitimizes as phenomenon, Freud always chooses the second option. This attitude implies the need to express which should be the appropriate naturalization modes for phenomena that do not match with the model offered by other natural sciences. Thus, this research aims to circumscribe three decisive moments of the Freudian work that allow us to discuss and analyze these modes of naturalization. These moments bring together concepts and conceptions concentrated mainly in the texts Project for a Scientific Psychology (1895), The Interpretation of Dreams (1900), Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality (1905) and Instincts and their Vicissitudes (1915). Based on a study on several themes related to the nature of the scientific knowledge, the proposal that a ontological commitment is manifested in every conceptions of mind that Freud elaborates results from our analysis. Being present since On Aphasia (1891), this commitment causes the ontological terms of psychic phenomena to be better understood, based on what Freud names as process. In the end, we suggest that, because of the establishment of this commitment, it is possible to understand the Freudian metapsychology through a character of indispensability
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Hunt, John V. "A phenomenological study of the dream-ego in Jungian practice." Thesis, View thesis, 2008. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/32090.
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This study is textual in its resource rather than empirical, and is applied to the experiential nature of the dream-ego. It is conceptual in its application, and its domain of inquiry is focussed on redescribing and reinterpreting the Jungian literature in order to further inform the understanding of the role of the dream-ego in analytical psychological practice. The major underlying assumption which forms the primary foundation for this study is that ‘mind is the subjective experience of brain’ and this statement serves the purpose of positioning the study as being anchored in biological science but not biological in scope. The statement also implies there is no conflict in the conclusions of neurobiological studies and phenomenological studies and positions these realms as correlates of each other. The subjective experience of brain is the realm in which our lives are lived and in which all our perceptions, ideas and feelings are experienced and so the phenomenological approach of the study is a consequence of that fact. The focus is on the dream-ego itself, using a selection of Jung’s own recorded dreams as vehicles to support, describe and reinterpret concepts from the literature in order to elucidate the dream-ego’s function in psychological health.
If the dreaming state were exclusively an innocuous epiphenomenon of neurological processes with no experiential function, then it would be expected that the images generated would be quarantined from consciousness entirely, for reasons of psychic stability and hence then cease to be images, but the commonality and regularity of the dream-ego experience indicates an evolved psychic phenomenon with a definite relationship to the waking-ego.
The remarkable images and associations experienced in dreams are expressions of the psyche’s uncompromising experiential authenticity and although these dream experiences may be profoundly complex, the dream-ego is seen to have an underlying naivety whose nature is captured by the title of Charles Rycroft’s (1981) book “The Innocence of Dreams”.
When the dream-ego is contrasted to the waking-ego it becomes clear that the major difference is in this ‘innocence’ which is a consequence of the attenuation of rationality and volition for the dream-ego. This weaker rationality and volition prevents the dream-ego from talking or walking its way out of confrontation with unconscious content which manifests before it. The dream-ego experience is based on feelings and emotions which were the original reasons and criteria driving the censorship of the ‘feeling toned complexes’, as Jung describes them. The experience of unconscious material by the vulnerable dream-ego and the subsequent transfer to the waking-ego provides the option for the waking-ego to ‘reconsider’ or to make decisions based on the authentic feelings of the psyche. The fact that mammals exhibit REM sleep, and the strong case for mammals dreaming during that period, complicates the understanding of human dream function. In non dreaming sleep the ego is annihilated but is underwritten by the neural networks which constitute the ego when ‘active����. Since neural networks are known to atrophy with disuse, the sequestered ego is at risk of loss of fidelity on manifestation, and therefore may mismatch the environmental context. The study presents the dreaming state as the periodic partial activation of the ����neural ego���� to prevent atrophy and to maintain ego retrieval fidelity. This concept has applicability also to the animal case, since they must maintain their behavioural fluency and environmental congruence. Once the evolved dreaming state is established in mammals it may be subject to further evolutionary possibilities and subtleties in the human case. A consequence of this study is the presentation of the dream-ego as the partial arousal of the waking-ego, rather than the normal wording of the dream-ego as the half asleep waking-ego, since the dream-ego is seen as the psyche rehearsing its ego. The defining phenomenology of the dream-ego is found in its vulnerability to the feelings and emotions of the psyche, but paradoxically this vulnerability is its strength in its role as the feeling nexus between the unconscious and conscious mind.
The waking-ego which may misconstrue its role in the psyche’s scheme of things and become aloof in its mentations believing all problems are intellectual, has the innocence of the dream-ego experience as its lifeline to the psyche’s authenticity. It is the intent of this study to contribute to the understanding of the role of the dream-ego experience in therapeutic practice, and placing the dream-ego as the protagonist of the study, to be attentive to the power of its innocence.
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Pfeifer, Geoffrey Dennis. "The New Materialism: Althusser, Badiou, and Zizek." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4202.
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This dissertation traces the post-Marxist and materialist positions of two leading contemporary European thinkers: Slavoj Zizek and Alain Badiou. These thinkers, I argue, collectively offer a way between the traditional Hegelian Marxist's overarching meta-narrative of a necessary evolution from worse to better, and the post-modern pessimism of a lack of possibility for such a social evolution. It is this middle path, offered by these two thinkers, that this dissertation seeks to explore and further explain. The focal point of this dissertation is the type of philosophical materialism that is collectively offered by Badiou and Zizek, what I call the "New Materialism." I first explain the origins of this materialist position as it emerges in the thought of Louis Althusser, then I discuss how Badiou and Zizek, each in their own way, seek to correct the remaining problems that exist for the Althusserian position, while refusing to reject its core materialist insights. Finally, I assess the ways in which both Badiou and Zizek attempt to overcome the Althusserian problems, arguing that ultimately Zizek's corrective succeeds in remaining within the materialist paradigm laid out by Althusser, whereas Badiou's method brings him dangerously close to a kind of philosophical idealism that he wishes to avoid.
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Scandelari, Bianca 1980. "O movimento de Freud para a elaboração de um campo psíquico." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280572.
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Orientador: Luiz Roberto MonzaniTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campoinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Huimanas
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Resumo: O objetivo principal é o de expor, em função de uma leitura particular do período inicial da obra de Freud, de que forma se estabeleceu o campo em que foi assentada uma definição do psiquismo, segundo a psicanálise incipiente. Destacaremos as condições responsáveis por reconsiderações de importantes noções e do método de tratamento particular que permaneceria sendo desenvolvido ao longo da obra. Em caráter de apoio, e em divergência do que poderíamos chamar de nascimento da psicanálise bem como o ineditismo que é atribuído aos seus conceitos principais, propomos identificar o movimento de construção interna dos conceitos. Esta proposta será sustentada na exposição do movimento de articulação que Freud engendrou ao tema do psiquismo, de 1886 a 1894, que não apareceu tão bem definido como passou a ser em textos posteriores, mas em cuja articulação de questões foi possível acompanhar gradualmente a possibilidade de um 'modo de funcionamento psíquico' para a neurose. Neste intuito, foi delineada a transição da explicação que privilegia uma característica predominantemente fisiológica de funcionamento automático ao qual acrescentou, aos poucos, uma modificação funcional de dinâmica psíquica, mas sem desconsiderar a primeira. Este foi o caso da lógica estabelecida pelo mecanismo psíquico da "contravontade" (1892) que teria contribuído justamente pelo deslocamento que proporcionou ao foco do tratamento, o qual posteriormente se desenvolveu numa 'relação de simbolização' mediante 'conflito'. A reformulação do aspecto funcional da histeria colocado em destaque proporcionou, desde este ponto de vista, a série de construções que prestariam sustentação às noções de base para os posteriores conceitos de resistência, transferência e a elaboração da associação livre. Concluímos que justamente esse funcionamento particular e resistente, obtido nos hiatos oriundos das questões relativas à cura e eliminação do sintoma, seria um dos traços responsáveis pela autenticidade da teoria de Freud e especificidade da psicanálise. Esse movimento se deu como uma transformação incessante que Freud nunca deixou de promover às noções existentes no campo da pesquisa médica que frequentava
Abstract: The main objective is to expose, from a particular reading of the initial period of Freud's work, how did the field, in which sits a definition of the psyche established, accordingly to incipient psychoanalysis. The conditions responsible for reconsiderations of important notions will be highlighted, as will the particular treatment method that would be developed during the work. It will be deepened the internal discussion about what we might call the birth of psychoanalysis, and the uniqueness that is often attributed to its main concepts. This proposition is supported on the exhibition of the motion of particular articulation that Freud engenders in the theme of the psyche, from 1886 to 1894, in which the subject does not appear so well defined as it would in later texts, but in whose articulation of issues stood out the possibility of a 'psychic functioning mode' for neurosis. With this objective, it was outlined the transition of the explanatory mode that favors a predominantly physiological automatic characteristic to which it gradually added a functional modification of psychic dynamics, but without neglecting the former. This would be the case of logic established by the psychic mechanism of "counter-will" (1892) that would have contributed exactly by the shift that it provided to the focus of treatment, which subsequently developed into a 'relationship of symbolization' by 'conflict'. The reformulation of the functional aspect of hysteria, from this point of view, brought the number of constructions that would provide support to the basis notions for later concepts of resistance, transference and the development of free association. It is concluded that this particular and resilient operation, obtained in the gaps from the issues of healing and symptoms elimination, would have given authenticity to Freud's theory and specificity to his psychoanalysis, through constant transformation that Freud never stopped to promote to existing concepts in the field of medical research in which he attended
Doutorado
Filosofia
Doutora em Filosofia
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Sloss, Eric J. "Homeless Abjection and the Uncanny “Place” of the National Imagination." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500028/.
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This project examines the effects of the homeless body and the threat of homelessness on constructing a national imaginary that relies on the trope of locatability for recognition as a citizen-subject. The thesis argues that homelessness, the oft-figured specter of public space, functions as bodies that are “pushed out” as citizen-subjects due to their inability maintain both discursive and material location. I argue that figures of “home” rely on the ever-present threat of dislocation to maintain a privileged position as the location of the consuming citizen-subject. That is, the presence of the dislocated homeless body haunts the discursive and material construction of home and its inhabitants. Homeless then becomes the uncanny inverse of home, functioning as an abjection that reifies home “place” as an arbiter of recognition in a neoliberal national imaginary. The chapters proceed to examine what some consider homeless “homes,” focusing on the reduction of the homeless condition to a place of inhabitance, or the lack thereof. This attempt to locate the homeless body becomes a symptom of the desire for recognition as a placed body. The thesis ends on a note of political possibility, figuring the uncanny as a rupture that evacuates language of signification and opens up space for a form of recognition without an over-determined identity.
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Silva, Jose Luiz [UNIFESP]. "Narcisismo e pulsão de morte." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2014. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/39267.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo uma leitura do conceito de Narcisismo, procurando vislumbrar de que modo o seu aparecimento repercute na obra freudiana e se entrelaça com o processo que conduzirá à segunda tópica. Deste modo, nosso percurso inicia-se com uma inspeção acerca da gênese desta problemática. Em seguida, procura acompanhar a sua articulação com conceitos cruciais na psicanálise freudiana, tais como pulsões, libido, Eu e outros. Notadamente, após seu trabalho À Guisa de Introdução ao Narcisismo, o autor dedicou-se pouco a este conceito; contudo, esta é uma noção contemporânea de importantes mudanças teóricas da psicanálise, das quais resultará inclusive a controversa ideia de pulsão de morte. Correlação que ocupa lugar privilegiado nessa pesquisa. Nesse sentido, nosso interesse se deterá essencialmente no texto acima referido e no artigo de 1920, Além do princípio de prazer. Certamente, quando se fizer necessário aludiremos a outros momentos da obra freudiana. Além de perscrutar os fundamentos dos conceitos aos quais aludimos acima, pretendemos, ao final, apreender o modo pelo qual a pulsão de morte se articula com o narcisismo, criando ricas possibilidades de entrelaçamento conceitual em leituras pós-freudianas. Para tanto, abriremos uma via de diálogo com as interpretações de André Green, que buscam desenvolver esta relação dentro das trilhas da psicanálise freudiana.
This research aims a reading of the concept of Narcissism looking to envision how its appearance affects the Freudian work and intertwines with the process leading to the second model. Hence, our journey begins with an inspection about the genesis of this issue. Then seeks to monitor its relationship with crucial concepts in Freudian psychoanalysis, such as drives, libido, Ego and other. Notably after his work 'On Narcissism', the author has not much devoted himself to this concept, yet this is a contemporary notion of important theoretical changes in psychoanalysis, from which even the controversial idea of the death drive has been resulted. Such correlation occupies a privileged place in this work. In this sense, we put our attention essentially on the above text and the work of 1923, 'Beyond the Pleasure Principle'. Certainly, when necessary, we mention other Freudian works. Apart from scrutinizing the foundations of these concepts, at the end we intend to grasp the way in which the death drive is linked with narcissism creating rich possibilities of conceptual interlace in post-Freudian readings. For that, we use, as a means of dialogue, interpretations of André Green which seeks to develop such relationship within the tracks of Freudian psychoanalysis.
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Gaité, Florian. "L’art et la schize du sujet : plasticités contemporaines." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100193/document.
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Organiser la rencontre des concepts de force, de forme et de figure s'inscrit dans le cadre d'un examen critique des modélisations organiques en philosophie. en éprouvant l'opérativité de ce complexe conceptuel à trois têtes, nous souhaitons définir le champ d'action d'une énergétique d'inspiration nietzschéenne, nourrie des réflexions sur le figural de lyotard ou sur le corps sans organes de deleuze et guattari. nos travaux antérieurs ont pensé une approche << plastique >> de l'art contemporain, capable de conceptualiser les dynamiques de transformation propres aux œuvres comme aux processus de création. une relecture des philosophies de la différence permet d'évaluer à nouveaux frais le modèle du vivant et de le confronter au champ de la philosophie politique en y appliquant les moyens mis en œuvre par une esthétique plastique. tant du point de vue des forces échangées du << corps social >> - métaphore dont nous apprécierons les limites - que de la figure du politique, la question est de juger la pertinence d'une philosophie qui interprète les actes humains à partir de modélisations scientifiques de la vie (données des sciences biologiques, physiques, physiologiques ou encore neuronales) /Clinical sociology (Ehrenberg, Gauchet), Lacanian psychoanalysis (Melman, Kristeva, Lebrun) and part of the French philosophy (Lyotard, Deleuze, Guattari, Stiegler Malabou) come together to confront the evolutions of the « Libidinal economy » of the Self to the repressive forces of the capitalist system and the macro-orders of neoliberalism. Based on a reflection on social psychopathology, they all note the emergence of a Subject submitted to processes of depersonalization (loss of identity unit), derealization (break with the world) and disaffection (inability to express or feel emotions). This (new) figure of the contemporary subject, we conceptualize with the term "schised", is the central theme of this work focused on the different forms of indifference, boredom or inertia that seem to affect both the public and the plastic wire. Described as "schizo", "exhausted" and "traumatized", the subject of Art reveals a transformation of Plasticity we’ll analyse on two levels: as a process of self-shaping (the plasticity of the subject) and works-shaping (the plasticity of the Art). Focused on the various metamorphoses of this concept, this work seeks to highlight the potential of a hermeneutic aesthetics term at the intersection of neurosciences and psychoanalysis, and to retrace the formal evolutions of a conception of aesthetics marked by collective movement disorders. This reflection starts with a double problematic: Which Art can produce a Subject troubled in its plasticity? Can these psychopathological models help us to explain the indifference of contemporary public ?
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Bach, Loïc. "Le concept de surdétermination chez Freud et ses conséquences dans l'épistémologie de la psychanalyse et de la psychopathologie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0058.
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Afin d’aborder la question de l’originalité de la psychanalyse par rapport aux autres approches du psychisme humain, nous avons choisi de nous concentrer sur le concept freudien de la surdétermination. La psychanalyse occupe une place singulière dans le champ intellectuel et dans son rapport à la question du soin. Elle se tient également dans une posture médiane entre science et philosophie. Mais elle semble aussi provoquer une forme de résistance, parfois étonnamment tenace et viscérale, qui témoigne de sa spécificité. Afin d’étudier cette question, nous opérerons un travail à la fois historique et épistémologique, centré sur la notion de surdétermination. Nous reprenons en détail l’émergence de ce concept dans l’œuvre de S. Freud et son influence sur le détachement de ce dernier des principes de la médecine. Ensuite, afin d’approfondir notre connaissance de la surdétermination, nous proposons un détour par les travaux de B. Spinoza, L. Althusser et G. Bachelard, notamment pour mieux cerner l’importance dans une démarche scientifique de la notion de causalité. Nous interrogeons finalement J. Lacan pour comprendre le rôle que la surdétermination a joué dans l’épistémologie de la psychanalyse et dans son rapport à la psychopathologie, en y introduisant une part irréductible d’indétermination et un abord particulier des notions de vérité et de certitude. Nous revenons également sur l’importance de cette notion dans la multiplicité des théories et des pratiques psychanalytiques, mais aussi dans leurs relations aux autres domaines scientifiquesTo address the matter of the singularity of psychoanalysis compared to other approaches on human psyche, we have chosen to focus on the Freudian concept of overdetermination.Psychoanalysis has a singular place within the intellectual domain and its relationship to the matter of care. As well, psychoanalysis is being held half-way between science and philosophy. But it also seems to lead to a certain form of resistance, sometimes quite persistent and visceral which shows of its specificity. In order to study this matter we will work on a both historical and epistemological level, focusing on the notion of Overdetermination. We will see in-depth the birth of the concept in S.Freud’s work and the influence of overdetermination on Freud’s emancipation from medicine principles. We will then turn to B. Spinoza, L. Althusser and G. Bachelard, in particular to better illustrate the significance of the notion of causality in the scientific process. Lastly the work of Lacan will provide some understanding of the importance overdetermination has had in the epistemology of psychoanalysis as well as its relationship to psychopathology by introducing an irreducible degree of indetermination and a specific approach to the notions of truth and certainty. We will also revisit the relevance of overdetermination within the plethora of theories and psychoanalytical practices, as well as in their relationship to other scientific fields
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Solans, Alexandre. "L'usage du savoir dans les essais de Pascal Quignard." Electronic Thesis or Diss., CY Cergy Paris Université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023CYUN1255.
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Les essais de Pascal Quignard se signalent à l’attention par l’extrême abondance du savoir qu’ils convoquent : le texte est envahi par une trame très dense de références culturelles et savantes, au point qu’il semble que tous les domaines de la connaissance s’y trouvent mobilisés, non moins qu’une mémoire littéraire et artistique aussi éclatée que monumentale. La convocation incessante d’une myriade de documents et de discours témoigne d’une propension singulière de l’écriture essayiste à proliférer à partir de la lecture, de sorte que l’exercice de la pensée tend à se confondre avec la convocation de la culture savante. C’est cette inhérence réciproque du savoir et de la pensée que l’on a cherché à interroger, dans le but d’éclaircir le sens d’une œuvre complexe et parfois déroutante. On s’est d’abord attaché à mettre au jour la poétique de l’emprunt qui fonde l’essayisme quignardien, en montrant aussi précisément que possible tout ce que l’écriture doit à la lecture, de manière avouée ou par des voies plus discrètes. On a ensuite entrepris de reconstituer la bibliothèque de l’essayiste, à la faveur d’un travail de contextualisation théorique qui a permis de préciser son rapport au savoir tout en faisant apparaître un corpus restreint, qui occupe dans sa pensée une position centrale : d’un point de vue à la fois doctrinal, thématique et poétique, les essais de Quignard s’avèrent surdéterminés par six figures intellectuelles capitales qui constituent le principe et le cadre de toute la réflexion. On a tenté enfin, dans une perspective herméneutique, de penser l’essayisme quignardien comme un effort pour dépasser ce discours fondamental tout en lui restant fidèle, par la mise en œuvre d’une démarche combinatoire qui parvient à le doter d’un prolongement inattenduPascal Quignard's essays stand out for the extreme abundance of knowledge they summon: the text is invaded by a dense weave of cultural and scholarly references, to the point where it seems that every field of knowledge is mobilised, no less than a literary and artistic memory that is as fragmented as it is monumental. The incessant summoning of a myriad of documents and discourses testifies to a singular propensity of essayist writing to proliferate from reading, so that the exercise of thought tends to merge with the summoning of high culture. It is this reciprocal inherence of knowledge and thought that we have sought to explore, with the aim of clarifying the meaning of a complex and sometimes confusing body of work. First, we set out to uncover the poetics of reuse that underpin Quignard’s essayism, showing as precisely as possible how much the writing owes to reading, whether overtly or through more discreet ways. We then set about reconstructing the essayist's library, using theoretical contextualisation to clarify his relationship to knowledge while revealing a limited corpus that occupies a central position in his thought: from a doctrinal, thematic and poetic point of view, Quignard's essays are overdetermined by six key intellectual figures who constitute the principle and framework of his thought. Finally, from a hermeneutical perspective, we have tried to think of Quignard’s essayism as an effort to go beyond this fundamental discourse while remaining faithful to it, by means of a combinatorial process that manages to give it an unexpected extension
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Oliveira, Fábio Sagula de [UNESP]. "A dinâmica das pulsões na escola: um diálogo entre psicanálise e educação." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/134371.
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O presente trabalho tem por objetivo propor uma reflexão sobre o cotidiano das instituições de ensino sob a óptica da Psicanálise e da Filosofia. Os conceitos de paixão e pulsão servirão de ponto de apoio para a leitura que podemos fazer acerca dos diversos fenômenos inerentes às relações de ensino e aprendizagem, visando identificar e compreender o tipo de vinculação estabelecida entre as figuras envolvidas nos processos educativos. Lançando mão dos aspectos filosóficos presentes na obra de Freud, refletiremos acerca das formas de subjetivação presentes em nossa cultura de consumo e seus efeitos nas relações entre as pessoas, em especial entre docentes e discentes. Auxiliados pelo conceito de unidimensionalidade proposto por Marcuse, levantaremos hipóteses acerca dos motivos dos problemas de aprendizagem e dos ditos fracassos escolares, inter-relacionando a dinâmica presente na sociedade com os elementos subjetivos e afetivos constituintes do psiquismo humano. Ao final, exploraremos o significado de algumas manifestações violentas e hostis em ambiente escolar pelo viés da Psicanálise e do conceito de unidimensionalidade desenvolvido por Marcuse. Com o intuito de ilustrar as hipóteses levantadas no presente trabalho referentes à capacidade de sublimação dos sujeitos e das relações estabelecidas na escola e suas adjacências.
This paper aims to propose a reflection on the daily life of educational institutions from the perspective of psychoanalysis and philosophy. The concepts of passion and drive will serve as a foothold for reading what we can do about the various phenomena inherent in teaching and learning relations, to identify and understand the type of link established between the figures involved in the educational processes. Making use of philosophical aspects in the work of Freud, we will reflect on ways of subjectivity present in our consumer culture and its impact on relationships between people, especially between teachers and students. Aided by the concept of one-dimensionality proposed by Marcuse, will raise hypotheses about the motives of learning problems and said school failures, interrelating the dynamics present in society with the subjective and emotional elements constituents of the human psyche. At the end, we will explore the meaning of some violent and hostile demonstrations in the school environment by the bias of psychoanalysis and the concept of onedimensionality developed by Marcuse. In order to illustrate the assumptions made in this paper concerning the sublimation ability of the subjects and of relationships within the school and its surroundings.
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Dias, Carlos Eduardo Borges 1983. "Est-ética da fala : o equívoco em julgamento." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/271100.
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Orientador: Nina Virgínia de Araujo LeiteTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Na contracorrente do enfoque hegemônico das pesquisas sobre o monitoramento da fala, nas quais predominam estudos pautados na neuropsicologia-cognitivista, esse trabalho representa uma alternativa para análise de fenômenos tais como a autocorreção (reparo) e a hesitação mediante uma proposta que inclui reflexões oriundas de certas vertentes da filosofia, da linguística e da psicanálise. As três partes que o integram se desenvolvem, por um lado, em uma relativa referência às três críticas kantianas no (quase) inexplorado terreno da filosofia da linguística, e, por outro, no território das discussões que relacionam a linguística e a psicanálise. Na primeira delas (I), tal qual se supõe em Kant uma epistemologia da física newtoniana, postula-se a atividade (dita) epilinguística do falante (manifesta no reparo) como condição transcendental (quid iuris) para a conduta metalinguística da linguística como ciência galileana. Através de um cotejo entre a literalisação especulativa do âmbito prosódico realizada pelas teorias gerativas e a análise de hesitações na atividade conversacional, demonstrou-se que, se a irrupção do equívoco sinaliza uma distinção radical entre a língua e a fala, por outro lado, pela força coercitiva da língua sobre a fala, a autocorreção sinaliza uma tendência dos falantes a reorganizarem-se pela gramática; na segunda parte (II), contra as abordagens que, focadas na neuropsicologia-cognitivista, tentam constituir uma `linguística da fala¿ ou `teoria do desempenho¿ como uma ciência objetiva, com base na clássica distinção entre a razão especulativa e prática, propõe-se que a divisão dos estudos da linguagem se estabeleça entre uma ciência da língua e uma ética da fala, essa última norteada pela correlação entre a incidência imperativa da lei sobre a ação e a incidência imperativa da língua sobre a fala ¿ e assim, subjacente ao `saber¿, `competência¿ ou, de maneira geral, ao factum grammaticae (de Milner), o julgamento negativo do equívoco na autocorreção revela um `dever¿ do falante para com a língua, o qual consiste na própria condição transcendental da ciência; na terceira parte (III) a autocorreção passa a ser vista como um processo constituído por dois enunciados, o segundo como julgamento negativo em relação ao primeiro (na estrutura de "isso que eu disse não é [bem] o que eu quis dizer"), através do qual o sujeito falante considera como equívoco algo de seu próprio dizer (erros ou lapsos) na tentativa de um apagamento de seu conflito (com relação à língua ou ao eu); A condenação do equívoco, manifesta na autocorreção, envolve assim um julgamento com o qual o falante busca conferir embargo à imputabilidade dos efeitos de lalangue em sua fala através da atribuição de uma univocidade idealizada à língua e/ou ao eu, como se fossem (ou devessem ser) os único(s) suposto(s) determinante(s) de seu dizer
Abstract: À contre-courant des approches hégémoniques dans la recherche sur le contrôle (monitoring) de la parole, guidées par la neuropsychologie-cognitiviste, ce travail représente une alternative théorique pour l'analyse de phénomènes tels que l'autocorrection (repair) et l'hésitation, dans une proposition qui comprend certains domaines de la philosophie, de la linguistique et de la psychanalyse. Les trois parties qui l'intègrent se développent, d'un côté, en corrélation (partielle) par rapport aux trois critiques kantiennes dans le terrain (presque) inexploré de la philosophie de la linguistique, et, d'un autre côté, sur le territoire des discussions qui établissent un lien entre la linguistique et la psychanalyse. Dans la première partie (I), de même qu'on suppose chez Kant une épistémologie de la physique newtonienne, l'activité (dite) épilinguistique du parlant (manifesté dans l'autocorrection) est conçue comme la condition transcendantale (quid iuris) de la conduite métalinguistique de la linguistique en tant que science galiléenne. Sur la base d'une confrontation entre la littéralisation du domaine prosodique effectuée par les théories génératives et l'analyse des hésitations dans l'activité conversationnelle, on a démontré que, si l'irruption de l'équivoque signale une distinction radicale entre langue et parole, d'autre part, l'autocorrection signale une tendance du parlant à se réorganiser à travers la force coercitive de la langue sur la parole; dans la deuxième (II), à partir de la distinction classique entre la raison spéculative et pratique et contre les approches que se basent sur la neuropsychologie-cognitive pour essayer de fonder une 'linguistique de la parole' ou une 'théorie de la performance' comme science objective, on propose que la division des études du langage soit établie entre la science de la langue et l'éthique de la parole, celle-ci fondée sur la corrélation entre l'incidence impérative de la loi sur l'action et l'incidence impérative de la langue sur la parole ¿ puisque dans l'autocorrection, le jugement négatif de l'équivoque révèle un devoir du parlant envers la langue, ce qui constitue la condition transcendantale de la science, puisque ce devoir est sous-jacent au savoir, à la compétence ou, en général, au factum grammaticae (de Milner) ; dans la troisième (III), l'autocorrection est considérée comme un processus constitué par deux énoncés, le deuxième comme un jugement négatif à l'égard du premier (dans la structure 'ce que j'ai dit n'est pas ce que j'ai voulu dire') et à travers lequel le parlant considère comme équivoque quelque chose de son propre dire (fautes ou lapsus) dans une tentative d'effacer son conflit (par rapport à la langue ou au moi). L'autocorrection, en tant que condamnation de l'équivoque, implique donc un jugement avec lequel le parlant essaye de mettre embargo sur l'imputabilité des effets de lalangue sur sa parole en attribuant à la langue et au moi une univocité idéalisée, comme s'ils étaient (ou s'ils devraient être) les seuls déterminants de son dire
Doutorado
Linguistica
Doutor em Linguística
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Góes, Ana Paula Faulhaber. "A ética e a ameaça de morte em crianças com câncer." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/15270.
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Previous issue date: 2013-05-14An ethical behavior has been a fundamental requirement in various professional practices of our contemporary society. The demand for decisions that are in accordance with accepted practices by the social group in which each is inserted is organized as a way to guide a beneficial practice as possible. However, how are we supposed to guide a decision when the most affected by the choice is a child? How to include children, so that their participation provides help for parents and health professionals to choose the best alternative? Include the child with cancer in their treatment decisions does not mean relegating to an "incompetent." Including it in the process means recognizing it as a subject, especially, subject affected bodily and mentally. In health, for a long time, the goal was to keep the patient alive. Nowadays, the main orientation has been the quality of life that this patient will have after going through the proposed treatment. Thus, medical practice has focused on providing less aggressive treatments, especially in oncology field. In treating children, this concern is amplified given that more and more children survive from cancer and will have to adapt themselves to the reality of the world after the effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Furthermore, treatment with them depends on decisions made by others: their parents. Recognizing that parents are also directly affected by the illness of a child (whether socially or psychologically), how can us summon them to decide on something that will affect the lives of their children, while giving voice to these children? In parallel, psychoanalysis is increasingly embedded in the hospital, being called upon to respond from a place other than medical knowledge. While that works with patients and families, the psychoanalyst is summoned to answer for the team that is charge of the treatment. Suppose a subject that knows about itself in a child is an important step and a fundamental change of attitude to medical practice. The attitude of the psychoanalyst requires caution and is guided by confidentiality contract with the patient, but always providing material for the team to help the sufferer. In this context, understanding what is ethics, knowing that there is a big difference between medical ethics and the ethics of psychoanalysis, as well as know how this vector is directed against various practices becomes necessary so as to guide the practices currently in effect
Atuar eticamente tem sido requisito fundamental nas diversas práticas profissionais de nossa sociedade contemporânea. A cobrança por decisões que estejam de acordo com práticas aceitas pelo grupo social no qual cada um está inserido se organiza como forma de nortear uma prática o mais benéfica possível. No entanto, como nortear a escolha quando o principal afetado é uma criança? Como incluí-la, de forma que sua participação ofereça auxílio para pais e profissionais de saúde escolherem a melhor alternativa? Incluir a criança com câncer em seu tratamento não significa relegar as decisões a um incapaz . Incluí-la no processo significa reconhecê-la enquanto sujeito, especialmente, sujeito afetado corporalmente e psiquicamente. No campo da saúde, durante muito tempo, o objetivo do tratamento era manter o paciente vivo. Hoje em dia, o principal norteador tem sido a qualidade de vida que este paciente terá após passar pelo tratamento proposto. Assim, a prática médica tem se orientado por proporcionar tratamentos cada vez menos agressivos, especialmente no campo oncológico. No tratamento infantil, esta preocupação se amplia tendo em vista que cada vez mais crianças sobreviverão ao câncer e terão que se adaptar à realidade do mundo após as consequências da quimioterapia e da radioterapia. Além disso, com elas o tratamento depende de decisões tomadas por terceiros: seus pais. Reconhecendo que os pais também estão diretamente afetados pelo adoecimento de um filho (seja socialmente ou psiquicamente), como convocá-los a decidir por algo que afetará a vida de seus filhos, e ao mesmo tempo dar voz a essas crianças? Em paralelo, a psicanálise está cada vez mais inserida no contexto hospitalar, sendo convocada a responder de um lugar diferente daquele do saber médico. Ao mesmo tempo em que atua com pacientes e familiares, o psicanalista é convocado pela equipe a responder por aquele que está em tratamento. Supor um sujeito que sabe de si nas crianças é um passo e uma mudança de postura fundamental para a prática médica. A postura assumida pelo psicanalista implica cautela e é orientada pelo sigilo contratado com o paciente, mas sempre oferecendo material para a equipe poder ajudar aquele que sofre. Nesse contexto, compreender o que é ética, sabendo que há uma grande diferença entre a ética médica e a ética psicanalítica, assim como saber de que forma este vetor se orienta frente diversas práticas torna-se necessário como modo de orientar as práticas vigentes na atualidade
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Oliveira, Ana Paula Vedovato Marques de. "Amizade e psicanálise: o cuidado de si no encontro com a alteridade." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47133/tde-13112017-111930/.
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O encontro com a alteridade na clínica psicanalítica é o motor dos processos de ressignificação do sofrimento psíquico. A presença do outro disponível engendra as trocas significativas, que permitem ao sujeito reordenações de sentido nos caminhos de sua existência, sentidos mais caros à sua experiência de pessoalidade. Nesse sentido, partirmos de amizades paradigmáticas, na psicanálise e na filosofia, para abrir o campo de reflexão para a condição premente no humano a necessidade do outro para encontrar e criar os sentidos da experiência singular. O psicanalista Freud e o pastor e psicanalista Oskar Pfister inauguram a reflexão, e ilustram a possibilidade de convivência e de estima da diferença. Abordamos, em seguida, o tema da agressividade constitutiva do humano. Em Freud, enaltecemos o caráter disruptivo da agressividade; adiante, pensamos na possibilidade de integrá-la de forma mais fluida à economia psíquica, remetendo-nos, para tanto, aos pressupostos de Winnicott. Refletimos sobre o laço social pautado pela solidariedade e sobre o entusiasmo promovido pelo humor junto à alteridade, e marcamos que ambos apontam e inspiram as novas versões de si mesmo. Na filosofia, partimos da amizade de Montaigne e La Boétie para falar da experiência de liberdade natural do humano, condição, inclusive, para a experiência de amor, insígnia da amizade. Resgatamos, junto à ética aristotélica, as noções caras à amizade na antiguidade, que apontam para uma disposição estabelecida e um senso de comunidade, afinados a construção e ao compartilhamento de sentido da experiência individual. Junto à Arendt, enaltecemos a condição primordial da humanidade - o convívio, a interação entre os pares - que atesta para determinado ser a sua própria realidade. Em Foucault, resgatamos a historicização do cuidado de si, vinculado, necessariamente, à presença do outro, o amigo e/ou o mestre. Finalizamos nossa pesquisa articulando a amizade à psicanálise, sobretudo através do fenômeno da transferência. Para tanto, percorremos o desenvolvimento teórico de Ferenczi sobre a técnica analítica. Ilustramos brevemente o círculo de amizades de Freud que, ainda que marcado por diversas rupturas, trilharam o caminho de expansão e de reconhecimento da psicanálise. Recorremos à metapsicologia freudiana para pensar a direção do tratamento proposta pelo autor, afinando a cura aos contornos da amizade trabalhados até então. Esmiuçamos os aspectos que poderiam se opor à cura no tratamento analítico, e localizamos o desejo do analista nesse contexto. Dialogamos com psicanalistas contemporâneos que refletem sobre a amizade e o tratamento analítico, desde o nível micro, a transferência analisando/analista, até a dimensão mais ampla do laço social. Apontamos, a partir dos aspectos aludidos, um horizonte social marcado pela amizade, construído e sustentado pela ética da psicanáliseMeeting with alterity in the psychoanalytic clinic is the motor of the resignification process of psychic suffering. The presence of the other available generates meaningful exchanges, which allow the subject to rearrange sense in ways of his existence, more expensive senses to the experience of personality. In this sense, starting from paradigmatic friendships, in psychoanalysis and philosophy, to open the field of reflection to the pressing condition in the human - the need of the other to find and create the senses of the singular experience. The psychoanalyst Freud and the pastor and psychoanalyst Oskar Pfister inaugurate the reflection, and illustrate the possibility of cohabitation and esteem of difference. We then approach the theme of the constitutive aggressiveness of the human. In Freud, we extol the disruptive character of aggressiveness. We are thinking of the possibility of integrating it more fluidly into the psychic economy, thus referring to Winnicott\'s assumptions. We reflect on the social bond based on solidarity and on the enthusiasm promoted by humor alongside alterity, and we note that both point and inspire the new versions of itself. In philosophy, we start with the friendship of Montaigne and La Boétie to talk about the experience of the natural freedom of the human being, condition, also, for the experience of love, emblem of friendship. We have rescued, along with Aristotelian ethics, notions dear to friendship in antiquity, which point to an established disposition and a sense of community, attuned to the construction and sharing of meaning of individual experience. Together with Arendt, we extol the primordial condition of humanity - conviviality, the interaction between peers - which attests to its being its own reality. In Foucault, we rescued the historicization of care of oneself, necessarily linked to the presence of the other, the friend and / or the master. We finish our research articulating the friendship to the psychoanalysis, mainly through the phenomenon of the transference. For this, we go through the theoretical development of Ferenczi on analytical technique. We briefly illustrate Freud\'s circle of friendships, which, although marked by various ruptures, have traced the path of expansion and recognition of psychoanalysis. We have recourse to Freudian metapsychology to think the direction of the treatment proposed by the author, attuning the healing to the contours of the friendship worked up until then. We scrutinize the aspects that could oppose healing in analytic treatment, and we locate the analyst\'s desire in that context. We spoke with contemporary psychoanalysts who reflect on friendship and analytic treatment, from the micro level, the analyzed / analyst transfer, to the broader dimension of the social bond. From the aspects mentioned, we point out a social horizon marked by friendship, built and sustained by the ethics of psychoanalysis
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Tiller, Samuel Perry. "Imagining a NeoFreudian Mind Interface: A Normative Model of Medical Humanities Research." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101963.
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This thesis argues for a new theory of medical humanities practice and research, known as Mind Interface Theory. It begins with the claim that Sigmund Freud expanded medical metaphysics considerably in "A General Introduction to Psychoanalysis," and that this expansion affords the possibility of thinking of the mind as a user interface. Capitalizing on this affordance, the work then introduces mind interface theory as one possible imagining of Freud's metaphysical system, separate from his well-known theory, psychoanalysis. More specifically, it uses his discussion of dreamwork to reveal reprocessing as mind interface's mechanism of healing, before utilizing this reprocessing principle to orient the medical humanities' research, providing a theoretical framework for increased collaboration between humanists and physicians and a foundation for two distinct modes of activist scholarship: product-based and process-based.Master of Arts
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Bergquist, Linda. "Vetenskap eller pseudovetenskap? : En utvärdering av giltigheten i Poppers kritik gentemot Freuds psykoanalytiska teori på basis av demarkationskriteriet." Thesis, University of Kalmar, School of Human Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-488.
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In this essay I evaluate the legality of Karl Popper’s criticism against psychoanalysis, regarding this theory of Freud’s being pseudoscientific. Popper’s criticism is based on his theory of demarcation in which he states that an empirical theory must be possible to test by observations in order to be, as most important is, hypothetically possible to falsify based on other empirical statements – often in the form of new found facts that contradict the original statement/theory. In purpose of assessing Popper’s criticism I perform a modified idea analysis, based on a book by Evert Vedung (1977). By referring both to Popper and to spokespersons of psychoanalysis I structure the arguments pro and contra Popper’s criticism, in order to then weigh these arguments against each other. My main conclusion is that psychoanalysis, regardless of Popper’s criticism, is in fact an empirical theory since it can be internally validated based on the observations made by a psychoanalyst. But according to the theory of demarcation psychoanalysis can not be tested based on observations, probably because Popper by ”observations” meant only those that can be made and validated by independent scientists.
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Hållén, Elinor. "A Different Kind of Ignorance : Self-Deception as Flight from Self-Knowledge." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Filosofiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-150701.
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In this dissertation I direct critique at a conception of self-deception prevalent in analytical philosophy, where self-deception is seen as a rational form of irrationality in which the self-deceiver strategically deceives himself on the basis of having judged that this is the best thing to do or, in order to achieve something advantageous. In Chapter One, I criticize the conception of self-deception as analogous to deceiving someone else, the so-called “standard approach to self-deception”. The account under investigation is Donald Davidson’s. I criticize Davidson’s outline of self-deception as involving contradictory beliefs, and his portrayal of self-deception as a rational and strategic action. I trace the assumptions involved in Davidson’s account back to his account of radical interpretation and argue that the problems and paradoxes that Davidson discusses are not inherent in self-deception as such but are problems arising in and out of his account. In Chapter Two, I present Sebastian Gardner’s account of self-deception. Gardner is concerned with distinguishing self-deception as a form of “ordinary” irrationality that shares the structure of normal, rational thinking and action in being manipulation of beliefs from forms of irrationality treated by psychoanalysis. I object to the way in which Gardner makes this distinction and further argue that Gardner is mistaken in finding support in Freud for his claim that self-deception involves preference. In Chapter Three, I present a different understanding of self-deception. I discuss self-deception in the context of Sigmund Freud’s writings on illusion, delusion, different kinds of knowledge, etc., and propose a view of self-deception where it is not seen as a lie to oneself but rather as motivated lack of self-knowledge and as a flight from anxiety. In Chapter Four, I discuss some problems inherent in the three accounts under investigation, for example, problems arising because first-person awareness is conflated with knowledge of objects.
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Isfåle, Linda. "Vetenskap eller pseudovetenskap? : En utvärdering av giltigheten i Poppers kritik gentemot Freuds psykoanalytiska teori på basis av demarkationskriteriet." Thesis, Högskolan i Kalmar, Humanvetenskapliga institutionen, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-488.
Full textAbstract:
In this essay I evaluate the legality of Karl Popper’s criticism against psychoanalysis, regarding this theory of Freud’s being pseudoscientific. Popper’s criticism is based on his theory of demarcation in which he states that an empirical theory must be possible to test by observations in order to be, as most important is, hypothetically possible to falsify based on other empirical statements – often in the form of new found facts that contradict the original statement/theory. In purpose of assessing Popper’s criticism I perform a modified idea analysis, based on a book by Evert Vedung (1977). By referring both to Popper and to spokespersons of psychoanalysis I structure the arguments pro and contra Popper’s criticism, in order to then weigh these arguments against each other. My main conclusion is that psychoanalysis, regardless of Popper’s criticism, is in fact an empirical theory since it can be internally validated based on the observations made by a psychoanalyst. But according to the theory of demarcation psychoanalysis can not be tested based on observations, probably because Popper by ”observations” meant only those that can be made and validated by independent scientists.
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Santosouza, Eduardo Sande. "Escola para furacões: a proposição do criaísmo e a elaboração de esboços de um educar para a adolescência." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFBA, 2008. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/11105.
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A adolescência é apresentada a partir de sua história e abordagens multidisciplinares. O quadro levantado é retratado como pré-paradigmático. A raiz da complexidade encontrada é remontada a dualidade filosófica moderna. Os sistemas de pensamento de Hume e Kant são apresentados em suas principais diferenças. A epistemologia do pensamento freudiano é abordada a partir do Projeto para uma psicologia com a apresentação do problema proposto e não resolvido por Freud neste texto. O autor enuncia, a seguir, sua própria solução e a apresenta como superação do dilema humeniano-kantiano. Com base nela, uma nova teoria para a emergência do humano e sua cognição, intitulada Cognição Reativa Retroativa Interativa (CRIA) é desenvolvida. Suas implicações no campo das ciências da cognição são exploradas e algumas aplicações em IA sugeridas. Uma metodologia de pesquisa para o paradigma proposto é delineada e uma experiência piloto apresentada. A adolescência é analisada a partir das premissas da nova teoria (a Cria) e as implicações desta análise para a educação são apresentadas sob a forma de um esboço de uma nova escola para adolescentes.
Salvador
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Dias, Valéria Silva. "História e filosofia da ciência na pesquisa em ensino de ciências no Brasil : manutenção de um mito? /." Bauru : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102008.
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Orientador: Alberto VillaniBanca: Roberto Nardi
Banca: Elisabeth Barolli
Banca: Jorge Megid Neto
Banca: Sonia Maria Dion
Resumo: A institucionalização da pesquisa sobre Ensino de Ciências (EC) teve início no Brasil no final da década de 1960 e apenas recentemente, no ano 2000, foi reconhecida como área pela Capes. Durante esse tempo, tivemos a produção de vários trabalhos que buscaram analisar sua história, descrevendo os fatores determinantes de sua constituição e sustentação. Em nossa pesquisa resgatamos alguns desses trabalhos, focando o olhar sobre os aspectos subjetivos que contribuíram para seu desenvolvimento. Elegemos como referências os trabalhos de Nardi (2005) e Villani, Pacca e Freitas (2002), bem como alguns conceitos psicanalíticos desenvolvidos por René Kaes sobre a vida psíquica de grupos e instituições. Esses elementos permitiram interpretar os eventos que marcaram a história da área de EC, considerando que todo grupo se constitui, se organiza e evolui de acordo com a configuração que reveste o sistema de representação de seus membros, da tarefa proposta, do grupo em si mesmo e do contexto social. Após identificarmos os quatro momentos organizadores no desenvolvimento dos vínculos intersubjetivos estabelecidos na instituição - o Momento Originário, o Primeiro, o Segundo e o Terceiro Organizador Grupal - buscamos pelos intermediários que marcaram os intercâmbios, os lugares, as atribuições, a atividade representacional e os afetos. Reconhecemos na História e Filosofia da Ciência (HFC) intermediários fundamentais em cada fase do desenvolvimento da área e buscamos elementos para entender melhos os papéis desempenhados pela HFC na pesquisa, principalmente, suas contribuições para a fundação e sustentação da área. Para obtermos informações com potencial mais subjetivo fizemos entrevistas com pesquisadores da área, cujas produções científicas revelaram aproximação com a HFC. A nossa interpretação avançou quando integramos um novo conceito no suporte... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The establishment of research into Science Education began in Brazil in the end of the decade of the 1960's and only recently, in the year 2000, was it recognized as a field by Capes. During this time, many works tried to analyse its history, describing the determinant factors of its constitution and upholding. In our research we look back on some of these works, focusing on subjective aspects that contributed to its development. We chose as reference the works of Nardi (2005) and Villani, Pacca & Freitas (2002), and some other psychoanalytic concepts developed by René Kaes referring to psychic life of group and institutions. These elements allowed us to interpret the events that highlighted the history in the field of Science Education, taking into consideration that any groups is made up of, organizes itself and develops itself according to the configuration that overlays the representation system of its members, of the task proposed, the group itself and the social context. After we were able to identify the four organizational moments in the development of the intersubjective links existing in an institution which are - the arising moment, the first, the second and the third group organizer, we searched for the intermediates that highlighted the interchanges, the places, the attributions, the representational activities and the affection. One can recognize in the History and Philosophy of Science (HPS) the fundamental intermediary in each developing phase of the field and search for elements to better understand the roles played by the HPS in research, especially its contributions to the foundation and establishment in the field. To obtain more potential and subjective information, many researchers in this field were interviewed whose scientific works showed some proximity with the HPS. Our interpretation took a head start when we integrated a new concept to support... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Neto, Esperidião Barbosa. "A repetição na psicanálise e suas repercussões clínica com o aporte do conceito de repetição em Kierkegaard." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2015. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1049.
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O tema da repetição atravessa toda a teoria psicanalítica, tendo se constituído um dos seus conceitos fundamentais. Freud elaborou o conceito de repetição a partir de sua experiência clínica e Lacan o situou na ordem do Real. No campo da Filosofia, a repetição foi conceituada pelo filósofo Kierkegaard, pensador dinamarquês do Século XIX. O conceito psicanalítico de repetição é distinto do da Filosofia, no entanto, eles se entrelaçam em alguns pontos. A clínica psicanalítica se apresenta como lugar da repetição e da fala; nela, conforme a articulação que fazemos, o sujeito é pensado, também, a partir da existência, segundo a concepção kierkegaardiana. Esta pesquisa é de natureza teórica e utiliza alguns fragmentos clínicos; tem como objetivo geral analisar o conceito de repetição na Psicanálise, com o aporte do conceito kierkegaardiano de repetição, ressaltando as repercussões clínicas na interface dos dois conceitos. Os objetivos específicos são: investigar o conceito de repetição em Freud e Lacan; estudar o conceito de repetição em Kierkegaard; situar a clínica psicanalítica como lugar da repetição e da fala; destacar a criatividade no processo clínico, considerando a positividade da repetição segundo o ponto de vista de Kierkegaard articulado ao da Psicanálise. Como referencial teórico, utilizaremos as teorias de Freud, Lacan e Kierkegaard. O texto é apresentado em três capítulos: no primeiro, trabalhamos o conceito de repetição a partir das elaborações teóricas de Freud e a contribuição teórica de Lacan; no segundo capítulo, apresentamos o conceito de repetição em Kierkegaard; no terceiro capítulo, situamos as repercussões clínicas do conceito psicanalítico de repetição na interface com o conceito kierkegaardiano, considerando a demanda do sofrimento no contexto do sujeito na atualidade. Como conclusão, apresentamos uma reflexão a respeito do sujeito enquanto capaz de elaborar a experiência afetiva do trauma e toda a excitação recebida como herança, no sentido de construir algo que lhe pertença. Esperamos que a aproximação entre a Psicanálise e a Filosofia kierkegaardiana contribua para uma melhor compreensão do conceito de repetição e, sobretudo, para enriquecer o trabalho clínico.
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Wanderley, Alexandre Augusto Ribeiro. "A querela do declínio do simbólico: perspextivas e impasses do pensamento de Slavoj iek." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4501.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorEsse estudo tem por objetivo principal analisar as reflexões do filósofo e psicanalista teórico esloveno Slavoj iek acerca dos impactos subjetivos das transformações normativas ocorridas no Ocidente nos últimos cinqüenta anos. O problema do chamado declínio do Simbólico passou a ser amplamente discutido pela comunidade de psicanalistas lacanianos na qual se insere o filósofo a partir do final da década de 1990, o que constituiu uma inovação em um campo fortemente influenciado pela concepção estruturalista da subjetividade. Situando o autor como pioneiro na utilização de ferramentas conceituais lacanianas para a análise do social, o estudo divide-se em duas partes. Na primeira delas, exponho as bases teóricas do pensamento de iek, contextualizando o seu itinerário intelectual e político, e abordando as suas três linhas fundamentais de investigação: a filosofia política, a discussão sobre o ato ético e a ontologia do sujeito. Assim, o primeiro capítulo retraça o percurso que vai dos primeiros estudos sobre o funcionamento ideológico nos regimes totalitários à abordagem pop filosófica da ideologia na atualidade. Em seguida, apresento a sua redescrição da noção de comunismo à luz da tese dos novos antagonismos do capitalismo tardio. Por fim, trato da perspectiva universalista do filósofo a partir de sua leitura materialista do cristianismo, lançando mão sobretudo dos estudos de Alain Badiou sobre São Paulo. No segundo capítulo, delineamos as coordenadas centrais da concepção de sujeito em iek, cuja originalidade reside na articulação das formulações de Lacan e Hegel. As noções de grande Outro, objeto pequeno a, pulsão de morte e negatividade são tomadas como os pilares nos quais se assenta a descrição do sujeito iekiano. Na segunda parte do estudo, examinamos as teses de iek a respeito das relações entre subjetividade e cultura, com ênfase nos novos impasses que daí decorrem. As inibições que sucedem à injunção de gozar sem entraves, a melancolização do laço social, as metamorfoses da culpa, a vitimologia e a culpabilização do Outro são os tópicos centrais que sobressaem desse recorte. Nessa parte do trabalho, as reflexões de iek são cotejadas com as análises de autores de orientação lacaniana, considerados representativos desse tipo de discussão, como Jean-Pierre Lebrun, Charles Melman, Dany-Robert Dufour e Roland Chemama. Pretende-se com isso enriquecer a discussão, apontando as aproximações e distâncias que o pensamento de iek entretém com os referidos autores. O capítulo final do trabalho é consagrado ao exame crítico da démarche iekiana acerca do declínio do Simbólico. Dois tópicos de seu discurso são analisados, a saber: a) seu posicionamento ambivalente no que tange à crítica do catastrofismo; b) seu esforço de expurgar da noção de ato ético na qual ele quer encontrar saídas para os embaraços engendrados pelo dito declínio do Simbólico qualquer traço de pertencimento à tradição moral judaico-cristã, guardando dessa tradição apenas o exemplo do aspecto formal do ato. Para empreender tal exame, nos servimos, de um lado, do estudo crítico do sociólogo francês Alain Ehrenberg sobre a declinologia noção por ele cunhada para se referir ao conjunto de estudos que enfatizam o atual risco da dissolução dos laços sociais , e de outro lado, nos apoiamos na concepção de ética do filósofo neo-pragmatista Richard Rorty.
The main aim of this study is to analyze the reflections of the Slovenian philosopher and theoretical psychoanalyst Slavoj iek regarding the subjective impacts of the normative transformations that have taken place in the West over the last 50 years. The problem of the so-called decline of the Symbolic began to be widely discussed by the Lacanian psychoanalytic community in which the philosopher is involved as of the end of the 1990s, which constituted an innovation in a field strongly influenced by the structuralist conception of subjectivity. Situating the author as a pioneer in the use of Lacanian conceptual tools for analysis of the social domain, the study is divided into two parts. The first presents the theoretical basis of ieks thinking, contextualizing his intellectual and political itinerary, and approaching his three fundamental lines of investigation: political philosophy, discussion about the ethical act and the ontology of the subject. Thus, the first chapter retraces the path that leads from his first studies about ideological functioning in totalitarian regimes to his pop philosophical approach to the ideology nowadays. Next, it presents his re-description of the notion of communism in the light of the thesis of the new antagonisms of late capitalism. Finally, it covers the philosophers universalist perspective based on his materialist reading of Christianity, resorting, above all, to the studies by Alain Badiou about Saint Paul. The second chapter delineates the central co-ordinates of ieks conception of subject, whose originality lies in articulation of the Lacan and Hegel formulations. The notions of great Other, small object a, death drive and negativity are taken as the pillars on which rests the description of the iekian subject. In the second part of the study, the iek theses are examined with regard to the relations between subjectivity and culture, with emphasis on the new impasses that arise from them. The inhibitions that succeed the injunction of enjoyment without restraint, the melancholization of the social tie, the metamorphoses of guilt, victimology and culpabilization of the Other are central topics that are emphasized in this context. In this part of the work, ieks reflections are collated with the analyses by authors of Lacanian orientation, considered representative of this type of discussion, such as Jean-Pierre Lebrun, Charles Melman, Dany-Robert Dufour and Roland Chemama. With this it is intended to enrich the discussion, pointing out the approximations and distances that iek thinking entertains with the referred authors. The final chapter is dedicated to the critical examination of the iekian démarche about the decline of the Symbolic. Two topics of his discourse are analyzed, namely: a) his ambivalent position concerning the criticism of catastrophism; b) his effort to expunge from the notion of ethical act in which he wants to find ways out for the problems engendered by the aforementioned decline of the Symbolic any trace of belonging to the Jewish-Christian moral tradition, keeping only the example of the formal aspect of the act. In order to undertake such an examination, on the one hand, reference is made to the critical study by the French sociologist, Alain Ehrenberg, about declinology a notion coined by him to refer to the set of studies that emphasizes current risk of dissolution of social ties and, on the other, support is sought from the conception of ethics of the neo-pragmatist philosopher Richard Rorty.
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Branco, Felipe de Oliveira Castelo. "Tristes tópicos: um estudo sobre a melancolia em Freud." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2009. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8401.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de JaneiroO objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a melancolia em duas vias: uma primeira via que chamaremos histórico-investigativa e que estudará esse conceito na filosofia antiga (Aristóteles) que carrega o legado direto da medicina hipocrática, e estudará ainda a trajetória da melancolia na psiquiatria moderna. Em outras palavras, estudar a forma como a melancolia foi construida como uma afecção do corpo nesses dois momentos históricos fundamentais do termo. Uma segunda via analisará o papel fundamental da construção do conceito de melancolia no interior e ao longo da obra de Freud, tanto na sua função de delimitação de um campo propriamente psicanalítico de reflexão sobre essa doença, como nas suas relações de vizinhança conceitual (onde estão envolvidos alguns dos conceitos mais fundamentais da obra freudiana)
This works aim is to study melancholy in two ways: the first way we call historical investigative will search for this concept in the ancien philosophy (Aristote) wich takes the legacy of hipocratical medicine, and will also study melancholy in modern psichiatry. In other words, we are going to study the way melancholy was build as a body afection in this two fundamental historical moments of the term. The second research way will analyse the fundamental inner function of melancholys concept in freudians work: its function in the construction of a proprierly psycoanalitical base of reflection on this disease, and its conceptual neighborhood relations (where are engaged some of the most important concepts of the freudian work)