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1
Goodin, Waxman Tina. "Inferential reasoning during the psychodiagnostic assessment : attribution, hypothesis-testing strategies, and final inferences as a function of theoretical orientation, level of experience, and temporal order." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74640.
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Psychological problem representation, a complex task, is underpinned by clinicians' inferential processes, processes which are not immune to bias and logical error. Problem representation influenced by faulty reasoning can have deleterious effects on treatment planning and consequently on treatment outcome. Using a think-aloud procedure, 32 clinical and counselling psychologists examined a case file of the initial interview. The following three variables thought to contribute to clinicians' conceptualization of clients' problems were investigated: (1) theoretical orientation, (2) level of experience, and (3) temporal order of client information. The reasoning processes of psychodynamically-oriented and behaviourally-oriented clinicians were studied. The existence of expertise in psychotherapy was examined. Comparison of hypothesis generation among novices and experts was made. The impact of the temporal order of client information on the inferential processes of clinicians was also investigated. Subjects processed one of two versions of the case file. Levels of theoretical orientation, experience, and temporal order were compared in order to determine (1) whether clinicians posit significantly more dispositional hypotheses than contextual hypotheses, (2) whether initial hypotheses of a dispositional or contextual nature are confirmed or disconfirmed, and (3) whether initial hypotheses of a dispositional or contextual nature are retained or rejected. Based on absolute numbers, psychodynamicists posited more contextual inferences than behaviourists. Novices confirmed more dispositional inferences than experts. Clinicians rarely disconfirmed or rejected their initial hypotheses. Behaviourists retained more dispositional inferences than psychodynamicists. The order of the case material significantly affected the types of hypotheses generated and the hypothesis-testing strategies utilized. No significant differences, however, were found in the proportion of dispositio
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Zozula, Leanna J. "The assessment process of psychologists as a function of clinical experience /." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38098.
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The purpose of this research was to examine the assessment process in clinical psychology using an ecologically valid design. By capitalizing on the methodologies of cognitive science and adapting data analytic techniques borrowed from the medical decision-making literature, the clinical assessment behaviours of psychology undergraduate students, clinical psychology graduate students, and professional psychologists were compared.The results demonstrate that professional psychologists took longest to develop their diagnostic formulations, divide their questioning evenly between close and open-ended questions, provide more information to the patient, provide diagnoses that are fully consistent with the clinical data, and demonstrate an increase in diagnostic accuracy using the MultiAxial Form (APA, 1994). Finally, extensive clinical experience affords clinicians with a greater degree of case comprehension that may impact the quality of treatment.
Graduate students in clinical psychology demonstrate the same degree of test familiarity as the psychologists, adhere to empirical recommendations by conducting comprehensive clinical interviews and asking about DSM-IV criteria during the clinical interview, evidence a reliance on open-ended questions during the clinical interview, and also show an increase in diagnostic accuracy using the MultiAxial Form (APA, 1994). There were no significant differences in accuracy rates between professional psychologists and graduate students; however, some graduate students included diagnoses that were inconsistent with the clinical data.
The undergraduate students tended to cover many of the same topics in the interview as the other groups; however, they did so by posing significantly more close-ended questions. Further, none of the undergraduate students provided an accurate diagnosis of the case. There were no differences in confidence ratings across levels of experience. A model of clinical assessment behaviour is proposed that can function as a framework for future studies.
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Zierke, Oliver. "Itembankgestütztes Testen bei Wissenstests /." Frankfurt am Main : P. Lang, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41225024k.
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Hanson, Gregory D. "A comparison of the sensitivity of the outcome rating scale to the outcome questionnaire-45.2 in identifying psychological functioning status." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2006.
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Parmley, Meagan Carleton Herbert James D. "The effects of the confirmation bias on diagnostic decision making /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/1164.
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Fine, Esther Karen. "An investigation of the psychoeducational assessment process : the influence of assessors' theoretical oritentation and previous experience on their interpretations of a students' case-file." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39310.
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The study investigated the reasoning processes used by psychoeducational assessors in interpreting a typical case-file. The methodology used was one adapted from studies of problem-solving skills in other domains. In the models of reasoning derived from these studies, expertise was associated with extensive use of causal reasoning and with a high level of integration between a selectively narrow body of information and the proposed solutions. It was hypothesised that the reasoning processes used by experienced psychoeducational assessors would show similar properties. In addition, it was hypothesised that experienced and trainee assessors could be differentiated by: (a) the degree of affinity shown to a theoretical orientation in psychology, (the degree of affinity shown by the experienced assessors being greater than that shown by the trainees), and (b) the numbers and types of inferences generated from case-file information. The influences of the referral information and subjects' preconceived notions of educational exceptionality on assessment were also considered.Two groups of 12 subjects each participated in the study; experienced school psychologists (designated the experts), and trainees in psychoeducational assessment (designated the novices). Think-aloud protocols were obtained from the subjects as they interpreted the case-file. A scale for assessing relative preferences for theoretical orientations in psychology was administered to all subjects. Transcriptions of the think-aloud protocols were segmented and coded according to predetermined inference categories. The case-file text and subjects' coded protocols were used to set out formally representations of subjects' reasoning.
The experts and the novices were compared for adherence to theoretical orientation, the numbers and types of inferences generated, and the reasoning strategies employed. No differences were found between the two groups for the variables analysed. However, for some of the experts, but not for the novices, well-integrated reasoning was associated with adherence to initial theories about the case. Consistencies across both groups of subjects in the types of inferences made and the use of case-file information are suggestive of a case-specific approach to assessment. Assessors appear to emphasise a student's academic strengths and, at the same time, to attend to affective problems. Relatively little attention is paid to physiological factors. The variability in the data collected indicates that there are few criteria against which to gauge expertise in psychoeducational assessment. There was no indication that assessors test their diagnostic theories systematically. It is suggested that, in this domain, reasoning strategies of review and revision are desirable and that representational models of expertise should reflect these strategies.
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Kasnakian, Caroline. "Emotionally-laden words used by counselling and clinical psychologists to describe clients : a content analytic study." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23221.
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The present study examined the influence personological variables have on therapists' style of conceptualising a hypothetical client's presenting problem. More specifically, the effects of clinical experience (novice vs. expert) and clinical affiliation (counseling psychologist vs. clinical psychologist) on therapists' style of conceptualizing a client's presenting problem was assessed. The emotional content of the therapists' verbal behaviour during a think-aloud diagnostic task, was analyzed. The Feeling Lexicon indexing procedure was used to assess the emotional content of therapists' discourse during the diagnostic task. Eighteen clinical psychologists and eighteen counselling psychologists were selected to fulfill the criteria for having either novice or expert clinical experience. The findings indicated that: (a) counseling psychologists verbalize more words that connote an emotional content than clinical psychologists and, (b) novice therapists express higher levels of emotionality than expert therapists. Implications for training and clinical practice are discussed.
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Volkart, Reto. "Fiebriges Drängen, erstarrender Rückzug : Emotionen, Fantasien und Beziehungen bei Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung und Depression /." Bern : P. Lang, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38939910m.
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Stirn, Senja. "Le diagnostic "neurodynamique" : pour une méthodologie d'évaluation cognitive et psychodynamique intégrative des dysfonctionnements cognitifs chez l'adulte." Paris 8, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA084118.
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La présente recherche a pour objectif de questionner les conditions à minima qui pourraient assurer un diagnostic neuropsychologique fiable permettant un traitement optimal, notamment dans le cadre des maladies neuro-dégénératives. Dans ce sens, elle questionne son cadre théorique et pratique qui soutient le modèle d’évaluation que nous proposons. La spécificité de notre méthodologie se situe dans l’intégration de cadres théoriques et méthodologiques qui relèvent de la psychologie cognitive et de la psychologie psychodynamique, voire psychanalytique. Pour ce faire, la partie théorique constitue une synthèse des connaissances actuelles en matière de la psychologie cognitive et de la psychologie psycho-dynamique. Elle est un essai de théorisation de notre approche spécifique, dans le prolongement de ce que Lagache nommait la psychologie clinique. La recherche pose ensuite les bases d’une méthodologie que nous nommons « neuro-dynamique » qui est aussi bien quantitative et scientifiquement rigoureuse que qualitative. Elle peut être un début de normalisation des épreuves cognitives spécifiques. Nous avons posé comme postulat de départ qu’un diagnostic neuropsychologique qui n’intégrerait pas ces deux cadres théoriques et méthodologiques en un ensemble aboutissant à un « diagnostic neuro-dynamique » et « transitionnel », ne peut être considéré comme fiable à minima. Nous avons affirmé aussi qu’il doit être dynamique au sens des processus psychiques conscients et inconscients qui sont en jeu. Pour ce faire, nous avons crée un modèle spécifique d’évaluation « neuro-dynamique », dans un cadre qui considère la globalité du sujet sous tous les aspects, somatique, psychique et groupal, dans le respect de ses rythmes cognitifs et psychiques (i. E. , le processus « neuro-dynamique »). Le protocole de passation est un ensemble précis d’une composition d’épreuves que nous avons nommé le « Bilan neuropsychologique initial ». Si l’ensemble de ces critères modélisés et théorisés par notre recherche sont remplis, nous nous attendons alors qu’un résultat diagnostique optimal et « suffisamment juste » peut être obtenu, sous les termes de ce que nous nommons un « diagnostic neuro-dynamique ». Nous avons vérifié par des méthodes quantitatives et/ou qualitatives, les trois hypothèses principales, avec leurs sous-hypothèses : - Le modèle du « Bilan neuropsychologique initial » est un modèle d’évaluation suffisamment exhaustif et suffisamment complexe afin d’établir un diagnostic cognitif fiable. Axe principal : vérification de la fiabilité du modèle d’évaluation proposé. - La fiabilité du diagnostic cognitif repose sur le choix d’une méthodologie scientifiquement rigoureuse, sur la normalisation des épreuves et l’expertise clinique du praticien-chercheur. Axe principal : l’adoption d’une méthodologie scientifique rigoureuse et multifactorielle. - La fiabilité du diagnostic repose sur l’intégration des deux méthodologies, la méthodologie cognitive et la méthodologie psychodynamique. Axe principal : Vérification de l’apport d’une méthodologie intégrative, nommée « neuro-dynamique ». D’un point de vue méta-psychologique, nous avons essayé ainsi de construire un modèle fondamental, simple mais complexe à la fois dans le cadre du travail du psychologue dont l’axe principal n’est ni plus ni moins une appréciation du seul « fonctionnement » psychique, fût il cognitif ou inconscient. Ce dernier ne peut être apprécié que par la seule évaluation des « fonctions » psychiquesThe current research has for objective to question which would be the minimum conditions that could provide a reliable neuropsychological diagnosis as the basis for optimal treatment, in particular in the case of neurodegenerative cerebral disorders and diseases. In that sense, it questions its theoretical and practical framework supporting the assessment model we propose. The specificity of our methodology lays in the integration of different theoretical and methodological frameworks originating as well from cognitive as psychodynamical (or psychoanalytical) psychology. For that purpose, the theoretical part compiles a current knowledge on cognitive and of the psychodynamic psychology. It is an essay of theorising of our specific approach, extending what Lagache called the clinical psychology. The research establishes then the basis of a methodology that we call « neurodynamic » which is as quantitative and scientifically rigorous as it is qualitative. It could be the starting point for the standardization of specific cognitive tests. As a basic premise, we consider that the neuropsychological diagnosis which would not integrate those two theoretical and methodological frameworks into one, leading to a « neuro-dynamic » and « transitional » diagnosis, doesn’t acquire the minimum conditions of its reliability. We also asserted that the diagnosis must be « dynamical » in the sense of the impact of conscious and unconscious psychical processes. For those purposes, we have created a specific « neuro-dynamic » assessment model in a framework which considers the suffering subject in his global aspects (somatic, psychical and groupal) and in accordance with his cognitive and psychological rhythms (i. E. , the « neuro-dynamical » process). The test protocol is a specific set of tests that we called the « Initial Neuropsychological Evaluation ». If all those requirements which are modeled and theorized by our research are fulfilled, then we expect that an optimal and « sufficiently » correct diagnosis can be obtained, under the terms of what we call « neuro-dynamical diagnosis ». Using the quantitative and qualitative methods, we have verified our three principal hypotheses, with their under-hypothesis : - The « Initial Neuropsychological Evaluation » is an evaluation model that is sufficiently exhaustive and sufficiently complex in order to establish a reliable cognitive diagnosis. Main focus : verification of the reliability of the proposed evaluation model. - The reliability of the cognitive diagnosis is based on the choice of a scientifically rigorous methodology, the standardization of tests and the clinical expertise of the scientist-practitioner. Main focus : the adoption of a scientific methodology which is rigorous and multi-factorial. - The reliability of the diagnosis is based on the integration of the cognitive and the psychodynamic methodologies. Main focus : verification of the contribution of that methodology, named « neuro-dynamical ». From a meta-psychological perspective, we have tried to construct a fundamental model, simple but complex in the context of psychologist’s work which main focus is no more no less an appreciation of the psychic « functioning » only, be it cognitive or unconscious. The latter can be appreciated measured solely by the evaluation of the psychic « functions »
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Cook, Jonathan R. "A structural model of organization - and clinician-specific factors that predict standardized measure use among child and adolescent clinicians." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6112.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pf file (which also appears in the research.pf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pf file. Title from title screen of research.pf file (viewed on August 20, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.
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Soyland, A. J. "An analysis of mental health professionals' discourse : the role of the clinical psychologist /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09arms7311.pdf.
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Selivanova, K., O. Solovyova, and Y. Semerenko. "Computerized system for determination of the psychological readiness of the civil aviation students in emergency situations." Thesis, Stockholm, Sweden, 2020. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/11490.
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To ensure a complex analysis of indicators of the psychophysiological state of the civil aviation student to assess his preparedness for emergency situations, a psychodiagnostic model and computerized system were developed. This model consists of the main components that are blocks: functional, cognitive-perceptual, psychophysiological, individual-typological and motivational. These are separate methods and tests for individual assessment of certain components of the psychophysiological and emotional state of the student pilot. The obtained results show the need for using integrated indicators in assessing the preparation of pilots for emergencies. The designed system allows for solving this issue.
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Van, Drie Barbara G. "Efficacy of Juvenile Offender Assessments: Utilization of Recommendations, Measurement Constructs, and Risk Factors." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3200/.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the efficacy of juvenile offender assessments. Data from 104 juvenile offender assessments were analyzed and followed up with placement, subsequent offending, and outcome data from the juvenile and adult systems. Constructs consistently assessed included intellectual functioning, academic achievement, and personality functioning; however, under-diagnosis of intellectual deficits, learning disabilities, and personality disorders was found. Results indicated the assessment of family functioning, substance use, and social functioning should be included in comprehensive assessments, as they may result in alternative placement and treatment options of benefit to the juvenile offender. A juvenile offender typology proposed by DiCataldo and Grisso (1995) was successfully utilized and proved predictive of recidivism, future harm to others, and outcome.
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Greher, Michael R. "The Effects of Assessment Context on State Anxiety and a Neuropsychological Model of Attention." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4326/.
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This study investigated the effects of assessment context on state anxiety and attention according to the Mirsky (1996) model of attention. Context varied in the physical testing environment, demeanor of the assessor, and explanation of the purpose of testing. A relaxed condition (RC) and structured medical condition (SMC) distinction was made prior to data collection and the two contexts were designed to reflect contrasting practices of neuropsychologists. Elements of attention evaluated included Encoding (Digit Span), Focusing/Executing (Visual Search and Attention Test), Shifting (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test: Computerized Version 2), Sustaining, and Stabilizing (Continuous Performance Test-Identical Pairs). Eighty healthy adult females participated in the study. The findings suggest that the SMC caused higher levels of anxiety and lower valence than the RC, which in turn caused poorer sustained attention and superior shifting attention for this condition. Such interpretations are consistent with several theories on the effects of anxiety on attention. It should be noted, however, that differences observed in attention were limited to select measures. Factor analysis also indicates that the encode, shift, and sustain elements of attention were largely consistent with the factor solution proposed by Mirsky, while findings on the focus/execute and stabilize elements bring into question the construct validity of these aspects of the model. Findings from the study are considered relevant to those interested in attention theory and particularly researchers and clinicians involved in the administration of neuropsychological testing.
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Lavegi-Di, Giovanni Josette. "L'enfant sujet de son destin au risque du placement familial." Paris 13, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA131017.
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A l'école, les enseignants ont affaire à une population sans cesse grandissante, d'inadaptés aux apprentissages divers, dont la pathologie dépressive discrète ne retient pas beaucoup l'intérêt et dont les difficultés sont souvent abordées en termes psycho-sociologiques ou psycho-pédagogiques. Ces enfants sont séparés de leur famille par ordonnance judiciaire et placés dans des familles d'accueil. La rencontre d'enfants issus de milieux socio-culturels défavorisés ou perturbés, jamais pleinement désirés, ni clairement abandonnés, nous confronte à une problématique diffuse, pesante et insolite, faite dans un premier temps de difficultés relationnelles et d'inadaptation importante aux apprentissages sans aucune trace de débilité ou de psychose. Le caractère extrêmement heurté de leur histoire, les défaillances de l'environnement affectif et culturel, la présence de maladies infantiles graves, de séparations précoces, m'amènent à interroger la question du traumatisme, ainsi que les conséquences de la séparation sur la symptomatologie scolaire de ces enfants. La nature de leurs rapports aux savoirs et au langage révèle l'importance des déchirures narcissiques, dissociant et entravant leur accès à la symbolisation. La plupart du temps, ces enfants continuent à subir la discontinuité dont ils ont été victime avec leurs parents biologiques, de la part des services de placement. Ils ne bénéficient pour ainsi dire jamais d'aide ni de soutien thérapeutique. Leur souffrance psychique paraît sous-estimée et pourtant le risque est grand de les voir se " débiliser " lorsque ce serait évitable. Mon propos sera d'étudier le fonctionnement psychique des enfants soumis à des séparations et des ruptures,( à l'aide de bilans psychologiques incluant des épreuves projectives) de voir comment leur narcissisme est mis à l'épreuve et d'essayer de comprendre aussi pourquoi certains arrivent à s'adapter et à apprendre correctement alors que d'autres réussissent à se faire rejeter de l'institution scolaire, reproduisant ainsi le schéma d'abandon qui leur est familier.
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Siqueira, Danielle de Fátima da Cunha Cavalcanti de. "Psicodiagnóstico interventivo / colaborativo : uma prática psicológica na perspectiva fenomenológica existencial." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2011. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=583.
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Este estudo partiu de inquietações experienciadas pela autora em sua atividade clínica na prática com o Psicodiagnóstico Interventivo, na perspectiva fenomenológica existencial. Sua base fenomenal residiu no relato das experiências clínicas de quatro psicólogos que atuam com o Psicodiagnóstico Interventivo. As narrativas colhidas contemplam o relato oral, desvelando a estória compartilhada afinada com a pluralidade de conceitos da situação e da temporalidade outra, o que
permite elaborar e comunicar o sentido do vivido. O caminho percorrido demarca a contribuição da matriz fenomenológica existencial como possibilidade de contribuir para fundamentar a dimensão colaborativa do Psicodiagnóstico Interventivo
mediante os fundamentos ontológicos presentes na Analítica Existencial, de Heidegger e na Hermenêutica Filosófica, de Gadamer. As narrativas foram analisadas segundo a Analítica do Sentido, proposta metodológica de compreensão
do real desenvolvida por Dulce Critelli. Tal procedimento possibilitou refletir a dimensão colaborativa do Psicodiagnóstico Interventivo implicada na conversação
entre psicólogo e cliente ou entre os clientes que participam do grupo de Psicodiagnóstico. Na linguagem gadameriana, todo conversação não se mostra como mera troca de opiniões; para que aja verdadeiramente diálogo é necessário
que os parceiros se encontrem abertos à possibilidade de modificação proveniente do diálogo. Para tanto, é necessário uma disposição afetiva de abertura e acolhimento do outro na sua alteridade, o que pressupõe a presença inicial de
determinações prévias horizonte prévio de cada participante. Nessa direção, a dimensão colaborativa é compreendida como fusão entre os horizontes, na qual
cada componente se determina a partir do modo como se integra ao outro, permitindo uma compreensão outra, comum sobre o fenômeno interrogado. Tal jogo possui uma ação central na hermenêutica gadameriana e, na prática clínica do
Psicodiagnóstico, possibilita encontrar outras possibilidades compreensivas que conduzam a outros modos de agir e de lidar com o sofrimento. Tais resultados contribuem para repensar a ação do psicólogo, ampliando as possibilidades de
acolher famílias e crianças no contexto das instituições de saúdeThis study started due to concerns and questions regarding the need to explore the collaborative dimension in Interventive Psychodiagnosis within the author‟s clinical activities. The phenomenal basis was given by the report of four psychologists‟ clinical experiences on Interventive Psychodiagnosis. Oral narratives unveil a shared story, in agreement with the plurality of concepts in the situation and with another temporality, what allows the elaboration and communication of experienced meaning. Traversed paths show the contribution of the existential phenomenological matrix as a possibility for grounding the collaborative dimension in Interventive Psychodiagnosis face to ontological elements of Heidegger‟s Existential Analytics and Gadamer‟s Philosophical Hermeneutic. Narratives were analyzed according to the Analysis of Meaning, which is a methodological proposal developed by Dulce Critelli to understand reality. This procedure made it possible to reflect upon the collaborative dimension of Interventive Psychodiagnosis implicated in the dialogue between psychologist and client or among clients in a Psychodiagnostic group. Using Gadamer‟s language, it is said that every dialogue goes beyond a simple exchange of opinions and true dialogue demands that partners are open to the possibility of modification that comes from the dialogue. Furthermore, an affective disposition for openness and acceptance towards otherness is needed, what presupposes the initial presence of previous determinations each participant‟s prior horizon. In this way, collaborative dimension is understood as a fusion of horizons, in which each component is determined by the way it integrates with one another, allowing another common understanding regarding questioned phenomenon. Such game has a central action in Gadamerian hermeneutic and in clinical practice, enabling to discover other understanding possibilities that lead to other ways of acting and dealing with suffering. Results contribute to rethink psychologists‟ actions, broadening the possibilities for receiving families and children in the context of health institutions
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Kuzminská, Taťjana. "Získávání a výběr pracovníků." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-15506.
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The thesis deals with the analysis of the component parts of the selection procedure for the middle and lower levels of management, such as psychodiagnostic methods and assessment centre. It describes and analyses their implementation in one branch of the multinational company in the Czech Republic. The company specialises in the wholesale trade of goods, being it food or non-food products. The first part of the thesis is aimed at theoretical notions and principles of the selection procedure. The main stress is put on the importance of individual forms of the selection procedure and the choice of selection methods. The practical part is concentrated on the introduction of the company, further on practical steps of the selection procedure in the company with enumerating concrete data, comparative graphs and outputs from the selection procedure. The evaluation test methods for lower and middle levels of management are elaborated in great detail there.
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Jackson, Rebecca L. "Contextualized Risk Assessment in Clinical Practice: Utility of Actuarial, Clinical, and Structured Clinical Approaches to Predictions of Violence." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4603/.
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Assessing offenders' risk of future violent behavior continues to be an important yet controversial role of forensic psychologists. A key debate is the relative effectiveness of assessment methods. Specifically, actuarial methods (see Quinsey et al., 1998 for a review) have been compared and contrasted to clinical and structured clinical methods (see e.g. Hart, 1998; Webster et al., 1997). Proponents of each approach argue for its superiority, yet validity studies have made few formal comparisons. In advancing the available research, the present study examines systematically the type of forensic case (i.e., sexual violence versus nonsexual violence) and type of assessment method (i.e., actuarial, structured clinical, and unstructured clinical). As observed by Borum, Otto, and Golding (1993), forensic decision making can also be influenced by the presence of certain extraneous clinical data. To address these issues, psychologists and doctoral students attending the American Psychology Law Society conference were asked to make several ratings regarding the likelihood of future sexual and nonsexual violence based on data derived from actual defendants with known outcomes. Using a mixed factorial design, each of these assessment methods were investigated for its influence on decision-makers regarding likelihood of future violence and sexually violent predator commitments. Finally, the potentially biasing effects of victim impact statements on resultant decisions were also explored.
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Rascle, Claire. "Etude de l'inhibition latente dans la schizophrénie : Analyse des performances dans un paradigme de détection de contingence et de conditionnement classique." Strasbourg 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13196.
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Cruz, Robin Flaum. "An empirical investigation of the Movement Psychodiagnostic Inventory." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187364.
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Abnormal motor behavior associated with psychopathology was investigated in this study using a nontraditional inventory, the Movement Psychodiagnostic Inventory, with a sample of psychiatric patients that included personality disorders and individuals with schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The study was designed to address several methodological and measurement problems noted in the literature, and to this end ratings were made from video-taped observations allowing detection of subtle movements described in terms of their dynamic, spatial, rhythmic, and muscular involvement rather than labeled with traditional terminology. In addition, parameters of nonverbal communicative behavior were also rated. Even though diagnostic groups not associated with disturbed motor behavior were included, univariate analysis failed to reveal differences between diagnostic groups with a long history of association with abnormal motor behavior and those without such a history. Multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis were thus employed to uncover the structure of the data in exploratory analyses that used two distance measures and several methods each of multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis. Results were interpreted to indicate that different patterns of movement behavior were observed for each group of patients that were not measure- or method-dependent. The results of the study are discussed within the context of the potential for the inventory and the advancement of the study of motor behavior and psychopathology, an area that has the potential to effect progress in diagnosis, etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of mental disorders.
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Russon, Ryan K. "Computerized Measurement of Psychological Vital Signs in a Clinical Setting." [Tampa, Fla. : s.n.], 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000097.
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Ducro, Claire. "Evaluation du risque de récidive des agresseurs sexuels au sein du système judiciaire français : précisions conceptuelles et validations discriminantes et convergentes d'instruments d'évaluation du risque de récidive." Thesis, Tours, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOUR2002/document.
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Dans la société, les agresseurs sexuels sont souvent associés à la dangerosité, à un haut risque de récidive. De plus en plus, il est demandé aux professionnels tels qu'aux décideurs judiciaires ou aux experts de se positionner sur le niveau de risque de récidive. La littérature relative au risque de récidive des agresseurs sexuels montre que lorsque le jugement d'un potentiel risque de récidive est basé sur un jugement clinique, celui-ci s'avère proche du hasard. Suite à ce constat, différents instruments d'évaluation du risque de récidive ont été mis en place depuis les années 90. L'objectif de la présente étude est d'effectuer un travail de conceptualisation et de validation discriminante et convergente des instruments. Les instruments utilisés dans la présente recherche sont au nombre de cinq, et se distinguent en trois catégories : les instruments actuariels statiques qui sont la SORAG et la statique-99 ; les instruments cliniques structurés qui sont la SVR-20 et la RSVP ; et un instrument dynamique qui est la Stable/Acute 2000. Les instruments actuariels sont constitués d'items statiques qui ne varient pas dans le temps, ou qui ne peuvent varier qu'à la hausse du niveau de risque de récidive si l'agresseur sexuel commet un nouveau délit. Les instruments cliniques structurés recensent des items statiques et cliniques, ces derniers comme pour les instruments dynamiques sont sujets à des changements au cours du temps et notamment lors d'une prise en chargeIn the society, the sexual offenders associated at the notion of dangerous and recidivism. Also, the professionals such as the judicial decision-makers or the experts must give an opinion about the level of risk of recidivism. The relating literature at the sex offender's risk of recidivism shows that when the judgement of a potential risk of recidivism is based on a clinical judgement, this one proves to be close to chance. Further to this official report, different instruments of valuation of the risk were set up since the nineties. The objective of the present study is to perform a job of conceptualization and discriminated and convergent validities of instruments. Instruments uses in the present research are to the number of five, and it differentates in three categories : the static actuarial instruments which are SORAG and statique-99 ; the structured clinical instruments which are SVR-20 and RSVP ; and a dynamic instrument which is Stable/Acute 2000. The actuariel instruments are constituted of static items which do not vary in time, or that can vary only in the increase in the level of risk of repetition if the sexual offender makes a new offence. The structured clinical instruments take both static and clinical items, these last as for the dynamic instruments are subject to changes in the course of time and notably during a catch in load
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Doscher, Michelle R. "Graphological Analysis: A Potential Psychodiagnostic Investigative Method for Deception Detection." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3090.
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False confessions and unproductive criminal investigations have resulted in misidentification of verbal and nonverbal deceptive cues. Further, the association of deceptive behavioral responses has not been confirmed based upon quantifiable graphological discrepancies. Guided by the 4-factor model for deceptive behavior, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between psycholinguistic cues and graphological spacing discrepancies. Handwriting samples were gathered from a stratified group of college students and law enforcement officers in rural Illinois and Tennessee (n = 113). The research was designed to determine whether graphological spacing discrepancies were evident in left margin indentions, word spacing, and sentence spacing. Two-way analyses of variance by ranks were conducted, combining these spacing discrepancies in a way to maximize the differences between the groups of truthful and deceptive statements. Through multiple regression analyses, the contributing variances were explained, as seen from participants' multiple psychological inventory scores and total spacing variances. Two-way analyses of variance were also conducted with the intent of discovering whether an interaction effect occurred, between deception-induced cognitive load and spontaneous or memory-related influences on graphological traits. Results were confirmed for statistically significant differences between truthful and deceptive sentences, containing spacing variances. Implications for positive social change include fewer false confessions during police investigations and interrogation reports with empirically based findings.
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Прилепа, Дмитро Вікторович, Дмитрий Викторович Прилепа, and Dmytro Viktorovych Prylepa. "Оптимізація вхідного математичного опису інтелектуальної системи комп'ютерної психодіагностики." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/39126.
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Формування вхідного математичного опису інтелектуальної системи комп’ютерної психодіагностики (ІСКП) є актуальною проблемою, при вирішенні якої враховуються особливості як предметної області,
так і інтелектуальної технології проектування ІСКП.
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Salekin, Randall T. (Randall Todd). "Juvenile Waiver to Adult Criminal Courts: a Prototypical Analysis of Dangerousness, Sophistication-Maturity, and Amenability to Treatment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278875/.
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Psychological assessment ofjuveniles being considered for waiver to adult criminal courts often requires systematic evaluation of dangerousness, maturity-sophistication, and amenability to treatment (ATX). Despite the importance of these constructs to the evaluation of juveniles, little is known about the criteria that constitute these three constructs. This study was designed to assist in clarifying the constructs of dangerousness, maturity-sophistication, and ATX that typically guide juvenile transfers. Generally, prototypicality ratings were aligned with the current literature on dangerousness, sophistication-maturity, and ATX.
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Carvalho, Vanessa Carneiro Bandeira de. "O que é pedofilia e quem é o pedófilo?" Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2011. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=548.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorO presente estudo teve como objetivo primordial investigar as representações que os pedófilos possuem sobre si e suas vítimas. Para tanto, interrogamo-nos em que medida houve ou não a instauração do sentimento de culpa. Foi utilizada uma metodologia qualitativa, com base no referencial teórico da psicanálise; ao mesmo tempo, outras perspectivas teóricas, como a psiquiatria, neurologia, psicologia e direito, também foram utilizadas para enriquecer as discussões. A pesquisa contou com a participação de três indivíduos, um acusado e dois sentenciados pelo crime de pedofilia. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Psicodiagnóstico de Rorschach, aplicado e analisado de acordo com Cícero Vaz, e um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado. A dissertação está dividida em três artigos, sendo um teórico e dois empíricos. O primeiro consta de uma retrospectiva histórica sobre a temática da pedofilia. Salientamos o trabalho da CPI da Pedofilia, como também a inexistência de ações públicas direcionadas ao tratamento dos pedófilos. O segundo abordou um dos participantes, no qual foi observada a existência do sentimento de culpa. Desse modo, foi indagado em que medida o sentimento de culpa, quando transformado em responsabilização, poderia ser um fator de favorecimento no processo de ressocialização. No terceiro, foram abordados os outros dois casos nos quais investigamos as peculiaridades de cada um. Os resultados mostram que não foi encontrada uma marca ou perfil segundo o qual possamos definir o que é o pedófilo, ou seja, não encontramos uma configuração subjetiva específica entre aqueles que são acusados e/ou condenados por abuso sexual tal qual aparece nas definições clínicas psiquiátricas
This study had as aim to investigate pedophiles representations about themselves and their victims. In this way, we question whether there was or not an instauration of the guilt feeling. A qualitative method was used based on psychoanalysis and other theoretical references, such as psychiatry, neurology, psychology and law, which contributed to enrich discussion. Three people participated in the research, one accused and two condemned for pedophilia. The Rorschach Psychodiagnostic Test, under Cícero Vazs perspective, and a semi-structured interview were used. The research is divided into three papers, one theoretical and two empirical ones. The first paper is a historical retrospective on pedophilia. We highlight the work of the Pedophilia CPI, as well as the lack of public actions for this matter. The second paper regards one of the participants, in whom the guilt feeling was observed. In this way, we question to what extent the guilt feeling, when transformed in accountability, could favor the process of resocialization. The other two cases were studied in the third paper, in which we investigate the functioning of the denial mechanism. Results show that there is no mark or profile to define what is a pedophile, in other words, we have not found a specific subjective configuration among those who are accused and/or condemned by sexual abuse, such as it appears in clinical classical definitions
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Koch, H. J., K. Gurtler, and A. Szecsey. "Correlation of MMSE, SKT and clock test scores in patients with mild and moderate dementia." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/5409.
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Borghgraef, Martine Marie Collette. "Psychological profiles and behavioural characteristics in chromosomal syndromes." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1991. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5680.
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野田, 勝子, and Katsuko NODA. "<原著>内田・クレペリン精神作業検査のいわゆる「定型」について : 時代による変化について." 名古屋大学教育学部, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/2900.
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Gerencer, Tatiana Tung. "A expressão de sintomas psicóticos através do Rorschach." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47133/tde-28112011-145527/.
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Os transtornos psicoticos, de um modo geral, e em especial a esquizofrenia, exercem um impacto patente na qualidade de vida do individuo com estes sintomas, afetando seu bemestar, sua ocupacao profissional e sua relacao com a comunidade. Quanto mais cedo se inicia o tratamento, mais breve pode ocorrer a reintegracao dessa pessoa na sociedade, porem sua eficacia depende do diagnostico precoce para que seja possivel a intervencao caso a caso. O estudo do Rorschach, como instrumento de investigacao da personalidade, pode auxiliar neste processo devido ao seu amplo escopo de aplicacoes. A maior parte dos estudos sobre as pessoas com sintomas psicoticos trata da esquizofrenia, porem poucas publicacoes pesquisaram os pacientes ainda proximos ao surto e com efeito minimo da medicacao, alem de poucos estudos estabelecerem a comparacao com um grupo de individuos normais. A presente pesquisa propos-se a enfocar estes dois aspectos: o estudo de individuos proximos ao surto psicotico que os levou a procurar pela primeira vez uma instituicao de saude e sua comparacao com um grupo controle. Assim, o grupo experimental foi composto de vinte pessoas que procuraram uma instituicao de saude entre maio de 2004 e marco de 2005 e que moravam ha pelo menos 6 meses na area delimitada pelo projeto. Os participantes do grupo controle foram pareados individualmente por vizinhanca, faixa etaria e sexo; desta forma concentrando-os em regioes geograficas relevantes e demograficamente representativas para a comparacao. A coleta de dados foi realizada em duas entrevistas, a primeira para familiarizacao do participante com a pesquisadora e a segunda para a aplicacao do Rorschach. A analise dos dados se deu quantitativamente, segundo o Sistema Frances. O Metodo de Rorschach mostrou-se sensivel a diferencas entre os dois grupos estudados. Os resultados obtidos com os sujeitos do grupo experimental, em relacao ao grupo controle, foram significativos quanto ao menor percentual de respostas de forma bem vista, menor quantidade de respostas de tonalidade e menor percentual de respostas de conteudo animal. A analise destes indices em conjunto com outros fatores do Rorschach sugeriu uma dificuldade maior das pessoas com sintomas psicoticos no contato com os outros decorrente da introjecao inadequada de estereotipos sociais, da nao diferenciacao entre realidade interna e externa e de um processo de identificacao fragilizado permeado pela angustia de desintegracao. Este projeto esta associado a um projeto maior intitulado Estudos de Casos Incidentes (Primeiro Contato com Servicos de Saude) de Psicoses Funcionais no Brasil, que esta sendo realizado por equipe do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo (HC FMUSP), na tentativa de caracterizar, acompanhar e comparar os casos de transtornos psicoticos na cidade de Sao Paulo com um estudo semelhante feito em Londres, Reino UnidoThe psychotic disorders, as a whole, and specially schizophrenia, inflict an evident impact upon one\'s life quality with such symptoms, affecting his well-being, professional affairs and relationship with the community. The earlier treatment starts, the sooner this person can be reintegrated into society, albeit it\'s effectiveness depends upon early diagnosis for intervention to be possible on a case by case basis. The study of Rorschach as an instrument for personality assessment can help on this process due to its wide scope of applications. Most researches about individuals with psychotic symptoms are about schizophrenia, however only few publishings have studied patients still near the psychotic episode and under minimal medication, and few researches established a comparative study between afflicted population and healthy one. The current research aim was twofold in the study of individuals near the psychotic episode which resulted in his first-admission in a mental health care facility and comparison with control group. Thus, experimental group consisted of twenty individuals that were first admitted to a mental health care service between may (2004) and march (2005), that have lived in the research delimited area for at least 6 months. Control group participants were likened by neighborhood, age range and gender; this way concentrating them on both demographically representative and relevant geographic regions for comparison. Data was obtained by means of two interviews, being the first one in order to familiarize participant and researcher, and the second one to administer Rorschach test. Only quantitative analysis was performed, scored according to the French System. Rorschach Method presented sensibility to discrepancies among both researched groups. There was statistically significant differences between experimental group and comparison group with regard to lower percentage of good quality form responses, lower scores of shading responses, lower percentage of animal responses. The analisys of those three items along with other Rorschach scores suggests that people with psychotic symptoms present greater difficulties to relate with others due to introjection of inadequate social stereotypes, no differentiation from internal and external reality, and weakened identification process permeated by desintegration anguish. This project is associated to a larger project entitled Estudos de Casos Incidentes (Primeiro Contato com Servicos de Saude) de Psicoses Funcionais no Brasil, which is being conducted by the Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo (HC FMUSP) research team, in an attempt to profile, study and compare psychosis affliction cases in Sao Paulo city with similar studies being carried in London, United Kingdom
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Gerat-Muller, Véronique. "Répression et dynamiques psychiques de la détresse énoncée et éprouvée chez les femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR21963/document.
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Contexte : Les résultats de la recherche en psycho-oncologie ne s’accordent pas sur la prévalence, l'intensité et la nature des troubles anxio-dépressifs des patients évalués à l’aide de données auto-rapportées. La pratique clinique montre par ailleurs un écart important entre l’énoncé de la détresse et son éprouvé, écart pouvant expliquer l’écueil diagnostic. Objectifs : déterminer les facteurs intrapsychiques expliquant les difficultés de l'évaluation de la détresse en psycho-oncologie par une démarche de recherche scientifique et clinique. Méthode : Etude prospective. L’échantillon : 101 patientes atteintes d’un cancer du sein (traitement initial ou récidive) Outils : Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Rorschach-SI. Analyse clinique exploratoire et analyses statistiques inférentielles. Résultats : Nos résultats concernent, face aux patientes adaptées, deux groupes de patientes anxio-dépressives : les patientes Plainte verbalisant à l’HADS une détresse psychique identifiée au Rorschach et les patientes Silence dont le dénuement psychique n’est pas énoncé avec l’HADS. Notre approche confronte une analyse clinique et qualitative à l’épreuve statistique de données quantitatives. Nos résultats font état de trois variables intrapsychiques prédicteurs de l’ajustement de la communication de la détresse émotionnelle (plainte versus silence) : l’inhibition émotionnelle, l’immaturité relationnelle, l’impact du stress situationnel. Ces facteurs permettent d’établir, selon l’interaction qu’ils entretiennent entre eux, deux dynamiques psychiques : un fonctionnement de type névrotique pour l’ajustement Silence et un fonctionnement opératoire pour l’ajustement Plainte. Conclusion : Notre démarche utilise les aspects quantitatifs des fonctions nomothétiques du Rorschach-SI et les propriétés qualitatives de l’évaluation de l’activité psychique et subjective qu’il permet. S’inscrivant dans la méthodologie princeps rigoureusement clinique du cadre conceptuel de la méthode Exner, sa rigueur a permis d’isoler les variables saillantes du fonctionnement des sujets de chacun de nos groupes d’analyse et a aidé à la compréhension des dynamiques psychiques sous-jacentes singulières. L’analyse statistique des données quantitatives obtenues en second lieu permet la généralisation des résultats en vue de l’élaboration de méthodes diagnostiques plus pertinentes permettant un suivi mieux adaptéBackground: Results from Psycho-Oncology research vary in terms of the prevalence, intensity, and nature of anxiety and depression issues for patients evaluated by self-reported data. Clinical practice demonstrates large differences between the way distress is communicated and the way it is experienced, which may explain the diagnostic difficulties. Objectives: To determine the intrapsychological factors explaining the difficulties in the evaluation of distress in Psycho-Oncology, using a scientific and clinical research approach. Method: Prospective study. Sample: One hundred and one patients with breast cancer (initial or recurrence treatment). Instruments: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Rorschach-CS. Exploratory clinical and inferential statistical analyses. Results: Our results concern, in terms of eligible patients, two groups of anxiety-depressive patients: the first concerns the Verbalise group, verbalizing psychological distress on the HADS and identified on the Rorschach, and the second Silence group, who did not express distress on the HADS. Our approach compares a clinical and qualitative analysis with the statistical analysis of quantitative data. Our results reveal three intrapsychological variables that predict the adjustment of the communication of emotional distress (Verbalise vs. Silence): emotional inhibition, relational immaturity, and the impact of the situational stress. These factors allow us to establish, according to the interaction that they have with each other, two psychological dynamics: a neurotic-type functioning for the Silence adjustment and an operative functioning for the Verbalise adjustment. Conclusion: Our approach uses quantitative aspects of the nomothetic function of the Rorschach-CS, and qualitative properties of the evaluation of psychological and subjective activity that it enables. As part of the standardized clinical methodology of the conceptual framework of the Exner method, the precision enabled us to isolate salient variables for the functioning of subjects in each of our analysis groups, and facilitated the comprehension of the particular underlying psychological dynamics. The statistical analysis of the quantitative data obtained in the second step, enabled us to extend the results in the aim of developing more pertinent diagnostic methods for appropriate follow-up
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野田, 勝子, and Katsuko Noda. "クレペリン検査における新PF値の妥当性に関する研究(1) :精神健康度の変化との関連で." 名古屋大学教育学部, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/2948.
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Burenkova, Ksenia. "hodnocení marketingových manažerů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-77046.
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This work aims to investigate the possibilities of evaluation of managers with an emphasis on current and future conditions of business units and management. The focus is the marketing manager and his department. Significant attention is paid to the impact of the global economic crisis on the organization and management and the role of marketing activities when dealing with the crisis. Analysis of job offers for marketing manager on the Internet gives an opportunity to understand evaluation of marketing managers by employers. Provides an overview of the requirements for applicants for this position and conditions, which are offered by companies. Finally, the basic recommendations are formulated, which should guide anyone who wants to become a good marketing manager in future.
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Torres, Giménez Anna. "Violencia de pareja: detección, personalidad y bloqueo de la huida." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/313041.
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El objetivo general de esta tesis fue avanzar en el conocimiento de la violencia de pareja, su detección, factores asociados, y sus consecuencias. De un modo más específico, con la presente tesis se pretendía proporcionar herramientas validadas en nuestra población para la detección de la violencia de pareja en el ámbito sanitario, explorar la relación entre personalidad y victimización por violencia de pareja, y estudiar los motivos de bloqueo de la huida, escape o ruptura de la relación con el maltratador.
Se diseñó un estudio de casos y controles para la validación en el ámbito sanitario de cuatro cuestionarios de violencia de pareja: Index of Spouse Abuse (ISA; Hudson y cols., 1981), Psychological Maltreatment of Women Inventory – short form (PMWI-SF; Tolman, 1999), Woman Abuse Screening Tool (WAST; Brown y cols., 1996), y Partner Violence Screen (PVS; Feldhaus y cols., 1997). La muestra se reclutó en centros de primaria y centros especializados en violencia de pareja. Los cuatro cuestionarios demostraron ser válidos para la identificación de la violencia de pareja en el ámbito sanitario, y mostraron unos excelentes valores de concordancia. Los puntos de corte óptimos para la identificación del maltrato fueron de 12 para el ISA, 24 para el PMWI-SF, 14 para el WAST, y 1 para el PVS. Como objetivo secundario, se analizaron la estructura factorial y las propiedades psicométricas del ISA. Se obtuvo una estructura empírica de dos factores: uno que incluía los ítems de violencia de pareja física, y otro que incluía predominantemente los ítems de violencia de pareja psicológica.
Se evaluó la asociación entre victimización por violencia de pareja y rasgos de la personalidad mediante un estudio transversal compuesto de mujeres expuestas a maltrato y mujeres sin historia de maltrato, controlando el efecto de la sintomatología depresiva. Para ello, se administró el cuestionario Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Basic Questionnaire (DAPP-BQ; Livesley y cols., 2009), para la evaluación de la personalidad, y el Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II; Beck et al., 1996), para la evaluación de la sintomatología depresiva. Las mujeres expuestas a violencia de pareja presentaron mayores puntuaciones en problemas con la intimidad y menores puntuaciones en rechazo, en comparación con las mujeres sin historia de maltrato. La intensidad del maltrato se asoció a una mayor distorsión cognitiva, suspicacia, expresividad restringida, y problemas con la intimidad, mientras que la duración del maltrato se asoció a un menor rechazo.
Con el objetivo de evaluar los motivos percibidos de permanencia con el agresor en la situación de maltrato se desarrolló la Escala de Bloqueo de la Huida en Situaciones de Maltrato (EBHSM). Esta escala fue administrada a una muestra de mujeres víctimas de violencia de pareja con el objetivo de analizar sus propiedades psicométricas. La escala mostró una estructura empírica de 6 factores: problemas socioeconómicos (PS), apego y miedo al abandono (AM), culpabilización y resignación (CS), impacto en los hijos (IH), miedo al daño y preocupación por la pareja (MD), y sensación de confusión (SC).
En resumen, con esta tesis doctoral se aporta evidencia que permite mejorar la identificación del maltrato de pareja y de los motivos de bloqueo de la huida, así como enriquecer los conocimientos sobre la relación entre personalidad y victimización por maltrato doméstico.This thesis aims to provide instruments to detect domestic violence in health-care settings in the Spanish population, to explore the relationship between personality and intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization, and to study the reasons for staying in violent partner relationships. A case-control study was designed for the validation of the four instruments to detect IPV in health care settings: Index of Spouse Abuse (ISA Hudson et al., 1981), Psychological Maltreatment of Women Inventory - short form (PMWI-SF; Tolman, 1999), Woman Abuse Screening Tool (WAST;. Brown et al., 1996) and Partner Violence Screen (PVS; Feldhaus et al., 1997). The sample was recruited in primary care centers and specialized centers in IPV. The four questionnaires proved to be valid for the identification of IPV and showed excellent concordance values. Optimal cut-off points for the identification of IPV were 12 ISA, 24 for PMWI-SF, 14 for WAST, and 1 for PVS. As a secondary objective, the factor structure and psychometric properties of the ISA were analyzed. An empirical two-factor structure was obtained. One factor included items measuring physical IPV, whereas the other factor included items that measured predominantly psychological IPV. A cross-sectional study including victims of IPV and non-abused women were designed to evaluate the association between IPV victimization and personality traits, controlling for depressive symptoms. Cases and controls completed the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Basic Questionnaire (DAPP-BQ), Index of Spouse Abuse (ISA), and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Women exposed to IPV had higher scores on intimacy problems and lower scores on rejection than non-abused women. Severity of the IPV was related to cognitive distortion, suspiciousness, restricted expression, and intimacy problems, and the length of the IPV was negatively associated with rejection. The Partner Violence Entrapment Scale (PVES) was developed in order to assess the perceived reasons for staying in violent partner relationships. This scale was administered to a sample of female victims of IPV in order to analyze its psychometric properties. An exploratory factor analysis identified six factors: Socio-Economic Problems, Attachment and Fear of Loneliness, Blaming Oneself and Ressignation, Impact on Children, Fear of Harm and Worry for the Partner, and Feelings of Confusion. In summary, this thesis provides evidence that improves the identification of partner violence, as well as the preceived reasons for blocking the escape. Furthermore, this thesis also provides evidence that adds information about the relationship between personality and IPV victimization.
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Amaral, Tatiana Platzer do. "Recuperando a História Oficial de quem já foi Aluno Especial." Universidade de São Paulo, 1998. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47131/tde-18022013-090812/.
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Estudo parte da premissa de que a classe especial é um espaço de segregação, estigmatização e de continuidade do processo de construção da deficiência mental que se inicia na classe comum. A investigação direciona-se a recuperar a trajetória escolar de ex-aluno de classe especial através dos registros e das informações disponíveis nas escolas. Foram identificados 168 prontuários nas duas unidades escolares pesquisadas, porém o grupo participante da pesquisa restringiu-se a 121 prontuários. Após este levantamento, procedeu-se a análise individualizada de todos os documentos contidos nos prontuários dos alunos, sendo que houve necessidade de elaboração de uma ficha padrão para a coleta dos dados. Também, foi realizada análise quantitativa dos dados o que permitiu a elaboração de tabelas, para posteriormente ser possível efetuar a análise quantitativa. Dentro os vários dados coletados observou-se que a maioria dos alunos não permanece o tempo mínimo de dois anos na classe comum antes do encaminhamento para a classe especial, conforme as orientações oficiais. Após o ingresso na classe especial, 70% dos alunos não retornaram ao ensino comum nas escolas estudadas. A maioria dos alunos abandona a escola após um período d permanência de até seis anos na classe especial. Do pequeno grupo que retorna ao ensino comum, a maioria é reinserida nas séries iniciais, permanece entre dois e quatro anos e evade antes de completar a 5ª série. Verificou-se que não são apenas os psicólogos os especialistas que encaminham para classe especial, há casos de médicos e assistentes sociais. A identificação de um aluno Deficiente Mental Leve não segue, apenas, a classificação da OMS, referenda como a oficial. Há um número significativo de relatórios de avaliação dos alunos sem que haja identificação da especialidade do profissional responsável. Não há nenhum relatório pedagógico dos alunos que foram encaminhados para avaliação psicológica, conforme orientação oficial. O dado que mais se evidenciou é a ausência de informação sobre os alunos. Não há uma organização padronizada dos documentos e não há critérios comuns de seleção das informações relevantes. Conclui-se que os dados reafirmam a condição de segregação, estigmatização e preconceito da classe especial e contradizem os princípios norteadores da Educação Especial de individualização, integração e normatização. As práticas institucionais, pedagógicas ou psicológicas são permeadas de subjetividade, principalmente no momento de identificação dos alunos Deficientes Mentais de Grau Leve. Uma vez, identificado como aluno especial, as chances de retornar à condição de aluno comum são reduzidas. Há um esforço dos alunos em permanecer n escola, evidenciado pela idade em que os abandonam a escola, seja na classe especial ou após a reinserção na classe comum. Finalizando, as ausências de registro de informações dos alunos demonstram que implicitamente há uma visão de homem e de sociedade baseada nos ideais liberaisStudy have the premiss that the special class is a space of segregacion, stigmatizacion and continuation of the mental deficiency process of construction that begins at the common class. It is directed to recover the school trajectory of former special class students through the available registration and informacion in the school. 168 handbooks were identified in the two school unities investigated, but the participant group of research was restricted to 121 handbooks. After this survey, the individual analysis of the documents was carried out in the students handbooks. An elaboration of one standard card file to collect the data was necessary. First the quantitative analysis that permited the elaboration of the tables was conducte. Only after, do the quantittif analysis was possible. Among the several datas, it was observed that the majority of the students class, stay the minimum time, of two years according to orientation official, in the common class before the guiding to the special class. After becoming a member of a special class, 70% of the students does not return to the common education in the investigates schools. The majority of student leave the school after the permanence period up to six years in the special class. From the small goup that returns t the common education, the majority is put in the initial series agains, and stays between two and four years and evades before completing the 5ª série. Beside it was verified that the psychologists are not the only agent that guides the students to the special class. There are cases of physicians and social assistants doing that. The identification of the mentaly handcapped student does not only follow the who classficatication, considered the official one. There is a number of significative written reports of the students evaluation that does guidt bear the identification the professional in charge. There is no education written report of the students that were guided to the psychological evaluation as present in the official orientation. The most evidence is the lack of students data. There is no standardized organization of the documents and there are no commom criterions to select the most important piece of information. The datas reaffirm the condition of segregation, stigmatization and prejudice against special class and contradict the basic principles of Special Education: individualization, integration and standardization. The conclusion is that institutional practices (pedagogical as well as physicological) are permeated of subjectivity, mainly in the identification of mentally handicapped students. Since one is identified as a special student, the opportunity to return to his common condition is reduced. There is a student effort to stay in the school, supported by the age that the students leave the school in the special class or after his/her return in the common class. Concluding, the absence of information registration about students show that there is a man and society vision founded in the liberal ideals
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Amaral, Tatiana Platzer do. "Deficiência mental leve: processos de escolarização e de subjetivação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47131/tde-19022013-085656/.
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O recorte temático desta tese de Doutorado centra-se no processo de subjetivação da deficiência mental leve, bem como sua produção, a partir da perspectiva das egressas das classes especiais para deficientes mentais leves de escolas públicas no estado de São Paulo. O processo de escolarização é entendido como um elemento de mediação entre o indivíduo e a sociedade, entre o aluno e a deficiência mental leve, o que permite reconhecer a importância das descrições e análises das egressas acerca da passagem pela escola e do processo de enquadramento na condição de aluno especial. O referencial teórico adotado pauta-se em autores da abordagem histórico-cultural em Psicologia Escolar/Educacional, bem como nas discussões de perspectiva histórico-crítica no campo da deficiência mental. Esta pesquisa caracteriza-se como um estudo de caso, que teve como colaboradoras duas ex-alunas de classe especial para deficientes mentais leves, idade de 31 e 34 anos, entrevistadas nos anos de 2002/2003. Foram compilados documentos de prontuários escolares, bem como produções escritas solicitadas pela pesquisadora. Além disso, colaboraram com a pesquisa as mães das entrevistadas. A análise foi dividida em três momentos, a saber, caracterização social e familiar, escolarização na condição de não aprendiz geradora da deficiência mental leve e vivência da exclusão escolar. Foi possível perceber nas histórias das egressas as evidências do processo de classificação e de homogeneização que ocorreram ao longo da escolarização de alunos oriundos das classes trabalhadoras, culminando com a exclusão escolar na condição de deficiente mental leve. Tal condição foi marcada pela descrença na capacidade de aprendizagem e envolveu, contudo, estratégias de resistência tanto das egressas como de suas mães com o intuito de garantir a escolarização. Há um processo de conformação de subjetividade, permeado pela imputação da culpa, de forma dolorosa em que os sentimentos envolvidos puderam ser percebidos em relatos marcados por desamparo, tensão, choro, desespero, revolta, solidão, medo entre outros. As egressas vivenciaram uma história de intensa perda de direitos vitais e sociais, por meio da incorporação da crença da própria incapacidade e da necessidade eterna de tutela dos mais responsáveis, parte desta crença é produzida na relação com educadores e profissionais de saúde. A eficácia do processo de conformação de subjetividade acontece pela responsabilização de si mesma pelo fracasso, associada ao insistente desejo de retorno à escola, uma vez que na realidade são vítimas de uma escola pública historicamente ineficiente inserida numa sociedade excludenteThis doctorate thesis focuses on the subjectivation process of students with mild mental handicap, as well as its production, according to the perspective of two former students of public schools from the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The schooling process is understood as a mediation element between the individual and society, between other students and students with mild mental handicap and it allows us to recognize the importance of the descriptions and the analysis of the former students in relation to their passage through the school system and the process of being classified as special students. The theoretical framework is based on authors connected to the socio-historic approach in School/Educational Psychology, as well as the socio-historic discussions in the field of mental handicap. This research is a study case based on two females, aged 31 and 34, who were formerly enrolled as special students and were interviewed between 2002 and 2003. School documentation, written productions, proposed by the researcher, and interviews with the students mothers were used in this study. The analysis was divided into three different moments: social characterization and characterization of the students family; schooling in the condition of a non-learner, generating mild mental handicap; and living school exclusion. Based on the history of the students, it was possible to trace evidences of a classification and homogenization process, taking place during the school years of students who came from working classes, and which culminated in school exclusion of students with mild mental handicap. This situation was marked by a general disbelief in the students learning capacity but had a resistance strategy carried out by both the former students, as well as their mothers, to assure schooling. There is a process of subjective conformation, permeated by a painful plea of guilty in which cry, despair, revolt, solitude and fear are among the feelings expressed by the students. The former students had an intense history of loss of vital and social rights, as they incorporated the belief of their own incapacity and the eternal need for supervision by more responsible people, and part of this belief is produced in the relationship with educators and health professionals. The efficacy of the subjective conformation process is characterized when the students blame themselves for the failure, associated with a constant desire to return to school, once they are actually victims of a public school which is historically inefficient and immersed in a segregating society
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Murphy, Raegan. "Exploring a meta-theoretical framework for dynamic assessment and intelligence." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09302007-162044.
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Biedermann, Thomas. "Beiträge zur Aggressionsdiagnostik : multimethodale psychologische Informationsgewinnung bei jungen inhaftierten Gewalttätern im Vergleich mit sozial unauffälligen Jugendlichen /." Hamburg : Kovač, 2007. http://www.verlagdrkovac.de/978-3-8300-2960-1.htm.
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Agostinho, Marcelo Lábaki. "O porco-espinho, o menino do furacão e outras histórias: quadros de uma exposição psicanalítica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47133/tde-05112003-232442/.
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Este trabalho de Dissertação de Mestrado objetivou investigar as entrevistas iniciais realizadas com as famílias que buscavam atendimento para um dos filhos, no período de julho de 1997 a junho de 2001, na Clínica Psicológica Dr Durval Marcondes, do Departamento de Psicologia Clínica do IPUSP e em consultório particular. Fundamenta-se na leitura da obra de D. W. Winnicott, que traz importantes contribuições para a psicanálise contemporânea. Realiza uma crítica aos modelos de triagens existentes nas Clínicas-Escola e em outras instituições, destacando o caráter de exclusão dessa prática. Discute, também, aspectos da dinâmica e função da família do ponto de vista de D.W. Winnicott. A metodologia que embasou o trabalho utiliza-se do método psicanalítico para fundamentar a pesquisa de práticas clínicas diferenciadas e inovadoras. Recorre, ainda, às idéias de Walter Benjamim sobre o valor da narrativa como forma de partilhar experiências inter-humanas. Há o relato de cinco casos que ilustram a prática de consultas psicoterapêuticas com famílias. Na discussão dos casos não se pretende esgotar as compreensões destes, mas apontar possíveis sentidos. Discute-se, também, o modelo de intervenções usadas nesse trabalho, que se baseiam na idéia de o analista ser capaz de sustentar sua prática clínica (dar holding). Destaca-se, enfim, o valor deste trabalho para os pacientes e para as instituições públicas.This master\'s dissertation aims at investigating the initial interviews carried out with the families that, between July, 1997, and June, 2001, sought help for one of their children at the Dr. Durval Marcondes Psychological Clinic, of the Department of Clinical Psychology at the University of São Paulo\'s Institute of Psychology, and at a private office. The dissertation is based on the writings of D. W. Winnicott, who has contributed much to contemporary psychoanalysis. A criticism is presented in regard to the screening models currently used in school-clinics and other institutions, especially the character of exclusion of this practice. Aspects of the dynamics and function of the family are also discussed from Winnicott\'s point of view, with the psychoanalytic method being used as the basis for studying innovative alternative clinical practices. Reference is also made to Walter Benjamin\'s ideas regarding the importance of narration as a way of sharing inter-human experiences. Five clinical cases are described to demonstrate the practice of therapeutic consultation work with families, although the discussion of these cases merely brings up possible meanings, and makes no pretense at providing any type of full understanding. Also discussed is the model of intervention used in this work, which is based on the idea of the analyst as someone able to give holding in his or her clinical practice. Finally, the value of this work for patients and for public institutions is also highlighted.
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Biselli, Andréa Cristina Tavelin. "Grupo de pais no psicodiagnóstico colaborativo : uma compreensão fenomenológica existencial." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2013. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=850.
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Este estudo parte das inquietações vividas pela autora a partir da experiência na modalidade de prática psicológica do Psicodiagnóstico Colaborativo com pais e crianças em grupo, numa perspectiva fenomenológica existencial. Objetiva compreender a experiência de grupo de pais em tal modalidade de prática psicológica. Sua base fenomenal reside em quatro relatos de experiências de pais que vivenciaram o atendimento em grupo no processo do Psicodiagnóstico Colaborativo realizado na clínica-escola da Universidade Católica de
Pernambuco UNICAP, entre 2010 e 2011. Como acesso à experiência dos sujeitos colaboradores lançou-se mão da entrevista narrativa. Enquanto instrumento, a entrevista
narrativa se fundamenta na ideia do narrador de Walter Benjamim (1994) que, ao articular narrativa e experiência, possibilita ao narrador (participante) elaborar e transmitir suas
experiências acerca da temática pesquisada. Outro instrumento utilizado foi o Diário de Bordo (ou Diário de Campo), que se constitui da narrativa-escrita dos sentimentos e impressões vivenciadas pelo pesquisador nos atendimentos aos clientes. A análise das narrativas fundamentou-se na proposta da filosofia hermenêutica de Gadamer considerada
como uma das epistemologias privilegiadas para pesquisa qualitativa. O diálogo, a conversação entre psicólogo e clientes e entre clientes, dispostos a se colocarem nesse jogo
compreensivo, possibilitou a ampliação da queixa trazida como motivo da consulta, permitindo a explicitação e a apropriação da demanda via a fusão de horizontes dos sujeitos
colaboradores. A situação de grupo de pais no Psicodiagnóstico Colaborativo, num primeiro momento, possibilitou a apropriação e expressão da disposição afetiva de medo e resistência diante de uma situação não conhecida. A vivência da experiência grupal afetou cada um e permitiu outro modo de estar e sentir a situação de grupo, a qual passou a ser percebida como acolhedora e facilitadora da expressão dos sofrimentos e sentimentos. Tal movimento possibilitou, aos participantes, compreender a demanda manifesta, permitindo uma apropriação dos seus sentimentos com a tematização de outras possibilidades compreensivas aliadas ao movimento de abrir-se para o outro, ao mesmo tempo em que permitiu um não centrar-se em seus problemas, considerados, inicialmente, como únicos. Por último, destaca-se a narrativa das experiências como facilitadora da apropriação do modo como cada um cuidava de si e dos outros no caso, da família. Percebeu-se que, a apropriação da vivência afetiva e singular da experiência, pode colocar em movimento outros modos de estar e se relacionar com o mundo e com os outros mais próprios, menos gerenciados pelo público.This study arises from the authors concerns lived within the experience of psychological practice with groups of parents and children in collaborative psychodiagnostic, in a phenomenological existential perspective. It aims to understand the experience of parents in a group with that modality of psychological practice. Its phenomenal basis is grounded in four reports of parents who have experienced group care in the process of Collaborative Psychodiagnostic carried out in Pernambucos Catholic University clinic-school between 2010 and 2012. To access such experience, subjects-collaborators were submitted to a narrative interview. As an instrument, the narrative interview is based on the narrator idea by Walter Benjamim (1994) which, articulating narrative and experience, allows the narrator (participant) to elaborate and pass on experiences regarding the investigated theme. Another instrument was a logbook (a field journal), which is constituted by written narratives of feeling and impressions lived by the researcher in listening to its clients. Analysis was centered in Gadamers hermeneutic philosophy, considered to be one the privileged epistemologies in qualitative research. The dialog, the conversations among psychologist and clients and also among clients, who were open to put themselves in such a comprehensive dynamic, allowed the complaint to be broaden, which led to the demands elicitation and appropriation by merging collaborators horizons. At first, the parents group situation in collaborative psychodiagnostic enabled the appropriation and expression of affective dispositions of fear and resistance face to an unknown condition. Living a group experience has affected each participant leading them to another way of being in and feeling the group situation, which was then perceived as welcoming and facilitator for the expression of sufferings and feelings. Such motion provided participants to understand manifested complaint, enabling their feelings to be appropriated with the thematization of other comprehensive possibilities, allied to the movement of openness towards the other, at the same time that allowed the decentralization in each ones problems, previously considered as unique. At last, the narrative of experiences is highlighted as a facilitator for the appropriation of the way in which participants took care of themselves and of others in this case, their families. It was noticed that the appropriation of an affective and singular experience could put in motion other ways of being and relating with the world and with others, ways of their own, less orientated by the public.
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Raez, de Ramírez Matilde. "Rorschach contents in a Peruvian sample." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2003. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/101543.
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This study stressed the Rorschach-Content area in 237 Lima inhabitants. The Contents are an indicator that helps to understand the basic characteristics of personality (self-perception,interpersonal relations, cognitive mediation and ideation). This descriptive study used an accidental-probabilistic sample. The variables were age, gender, schooling, The descriptive statistic was used to analyze demographic contents and variables, and the non-parametric statistic (Kruskall-Wallis) to compare data. The results stresses the absence of religious contents (R 1) and the importance of anatomic contents (An) across the variables. The variable gender shows differences: men are interested in culture and show achievement motivation. Women are interested in home. With regarded lo schooling, the group including superior educated and complete secondary educated students shows solidarity signs, interest in socialization and ahigh cognitive level.Se investigó el área de Contenidos Rorschach en 237 habitantes de Lima. Los Contenidos constituyen un indicador para la comprensión de características básicas de la personalidad (auto-percepción, relaciones interpersonales, mediación cognitiva e ideación). El estudio fue descriptivo con muestreo probabilístico accidental. Las variables fueron edad, género, nivel de escolaridad. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva para analizar contenidos y variables demográficas, y no paramétrica (Kruskall-Wallis) para comparar datos. Los resultados destacan la ausencia de contenidos religiosos (Rl) y la importancia de contenidos anatómicos (An) entodas las variables. Los géneros difieren significativamente: los hombres interesados en lacultura y afán de logros y las mujeres, en el hogar. En cuanto a nivel de escolaridad, el grupo de educación superior y secundaria completa obtiene signos de solidaridad, interés en la socialización y mayor riqueza cognitiva.
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Neves, Isaura Maria da Silva. "A sintomatologia psiquiátrica de utentes em internamento parcial no Hospital de Dia em Hospital Psiquiátrico: estudo comparativo entre os momentos de admissão e alta." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/1648.
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Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde.As perturbações mentais resultam de muitos factores e têm a sua base física no cérebro e é sabido que elas podem afectar a todos, em qualquer situação ou local e, por isso, a compreensão da relação entre a saúde mental e física vem aumentando rapidamente. Neste sentido, é importante compreender a saúde mental e, de um modo mais geral, o funcionamento mental, porque aí reside a base sobre a qual se formará uma compreensão mais completa do desenvolvimento das perturbações mentais e comportamentais. Desta forma, pretendeu-se com o presente estudo de cariz exploratório dar um contributo quanto à análise dos efeitos das intervenções de ordem psiquiátrica e psicoterapêuticas sobre a Sintomatologia Psiquiátrica dos utentes internados em Hospital de Dia (HD) num hospital psiquiátrico no momento da Admissão e no momento da Alta, apreciados com o protocolo de instrumentos de auto-preenchimento, constituído pelos instrumentos: Hopkins Symptom Distress Checkilst 90-Revised (SCL-90-R), Inventário de Avaliação Clínica da Depressão (IACLIDE) e Inventário Clínico de Auto-Conceito (ICAC). Assim, a presente investigação fundamentou-se na relevância de perceber o sistema de intervenção de ordem psiquiátrica e psicoterapêutica efectuado junto aos utentes/doentes em internamento parcial em HD. Os objectivos do presente estudo, tal como a escolha dos instrumentos, a eleição da metodologia da investigação utilizada e as perspectivas técnicas de recolha de dados, abrangeu técnicas de análise quantitativa para o tratamento de dados advindos dos três instrumentos administrado e técnicas de análise qualitativa para os diagnósticos psiquiátricos. Os resultados permitiram perceber relativamente análise quantitativa quanto às diferenças existentes entre os resultados observados no momento da Admissão e no momento da Alta dos utentes em internamento parcial, numa interpretação mais global, que o sistema de tratamento Psiquiátrico e acompanhamento Psicológico realizado junto dos utentes no HD é parcialmente eficaz, mormente no que concerne ao abrandamento da Depressão. Já quanto à análise qualitativa, esta traz indicações de uma melhoria apenas ligeira no estado da Sintomatologia Psiquiátrica geral dos utentes – somente 5 utentes sobre os 16 da amostra geral apresentam melhoria! Justifica-se assim, cada vez mais um apoio precoce e sobretudo eficaz, quando se lida com populações com diagnósticos de perturbações mentais confirmados. Mental disorders are the result of many factors and have their physical basis in the brain and it is known that they can affect everyone in any situation or place, and therefore understanding relationship between mental and physical health has been increasing rapidly. Thus, it is important to understand the mental health and, more generally, mental functioning, because therein lies the basis on which to form a more complete understanding of the development of mental and behavioural disorders. Therefore, we set with the exploratory nature of this study provide input regarding the analysis of the effects of interventions for psychiatric and psychotherapeutic order on the Psychiatric Symptoms of users admitted to Hospital Day (HD) in a Psychiatric Hospital at the time of Admission and the time of Discharge, assessed with the protocol given to self-fulfilment, which consists on the instruments: Hopkins Symptom Distress Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R), Inventory Assessment of Clinical Depression (IACLIDE) and Clinical Inventory and Self-Concept (ICAC). For that reason, this research was based on relevance to perceive the intervention system of psychiatric and psychotherapeutic order, made with the users/patients in partial hospitalization in HD. The objectives of this study, such as the choice of instruments, the election of the research methodology used its techniques for gathering data, covering techniques of quantitative analysis for the processing of data, coming from the three instruments administered and qualitative analysis techniques to the psychiatric diagnoses. The results allowed to us to realize, regarding the quantitative analysis differences between the results obtained at the time of Admission and at Discharge from the hospital partially internment users on a broader interpretation, that the system of psychiatric treatment and psychological monitoring conducted among the users in HD is partially effective, especially in what concerns in the decreasing of the Depression; regarding on the qualitative analysis, this only brings a slight improvement of the status of general Psychiatric Sympthomatology of users – only 5 users on the 16 sample usually show improvement. It is justified, thus, an increase of early support and especially effective when dealing with people with conformed diagnoses of mental disorders. Les troubles mentaux dérivent de nombreux facteurs et ont leur base physique dans le cerveau et on sait qu’elles peuves affecter tout le monde, dans toute situation ou lieu et, c’est pour ceci, que la comprehension de la relation entre santé mentale et physique a augmenté rapidement. Ainsi, il é important de comprendre la santé mentale et, plus généralement, le fonctionnement mental, parce que c’est lá, où se situe la base sur laquelles’établira une compréhension plus complete de l’évolution des troubles mentaux et du comportement. Ainsi, nos avons voulu avec cette étude de nature exploratoire donner une contribuition relativement à l’analyse des effects des interventions d’ordre psychiatrique et psychothérapeutique sur les Symptômes Psychiatriques des usagers admi à l’Hôpital de Jour (HD) dans un hôpital psychiatrique au moment de l’Admission et au moment ou l’es Usagers quittent l’opital, évaluées avec le protocole d’instruments de l’auto-remplissage, constitué par les instruments: Hopkins Symptom Distress Chkelist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R), Inventaire de l’évaluation Clinique de la Dépression (IACLIDE) et Inventaire Clinique de Auto-Concept (ICAC). De ce fait, cette étude a été fondé sur la pertinence de percevoir le système d’intervantion d’ordre psychiatrique et psychothérapeutique fait avec les usagers / patients en hospitalisation partielle en HD. Les objectifs de cette étude, tels que le choix des instruments, l’election de la méthodologie utilisée et de ses techniques de collecte de données, ont inclue des techniques d’analyse quantitative pour le traitement des donnés provenant des trois instruments administers et des techniques d’analyse qualitative pour les diagnostics psychiatriques. Les resultants, nous ont permis de comprendre relativement à l’analyse quantitative quant aux différences entre les résultats obtenus au moment de l’Admission et à la Sortie de l’hôpital des usagers en hospitalisation partielle, avec une interprétation global, que le système de traitement psychiatrique et accompagnement psychologique utilisés auprès des usagers HD est partiellement opérant, en particulier en ce qui concerne le ralentissement de la Dépression. En revanche avec l’analyse qualitative, on a observé que ce traitement psychiatrique et cet accompagnement pshycologique permettent une légère amélioration de l’état de la Symptomatologie Psychiatrique générale des usagers – seulement 5 usagers sur 16 de l’échantillon total montrent une amélioration! Ainsi, il se justifie, de plus en plus, un soutient précoce et surtout efficace, lorsqu’il s’agit de travailler avec des personnes ayant un diagnostic confirmé de troubles mentaux.
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Pařízková, Dana. "Využití psychodiagnostických metod v personálním řízení." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113510.
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This thesis deals with the possibilities of the use of psychological assessment tools in selecting of employees. The theoretical part discusses the theoretical background of selection of employees, turnover and psychological assessment. Attention is paid to the efficient selection procedure with emphasis on the use of psychological assess-ment tools (questionnaires and tests) as a mean to reduce staff turnover, and thus to more effective management of human resources. The practical part deals with the analysis, examination and comparison of selected psychological instruments avail-able by company Motiv P s.r.o., cut-e czech s.r.o., Assessment Systems s.r.o. and TCC Online s.r.o., on the basis of pre-defined crucial criteria and characteristics for the implementation of these instruments in a particular company in the selection of call center operators. The result of this thesis is recommendation of specific psychological assessment instruments that according to aims, purpose and needs of particular company would help to reduce turnover of employees.
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Lachan, Alice. "La pratique clinique des premiers entretiens et le cheminement intérieur de l’analyste : étude en France et au Québec." Thesis, Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA080063/document.
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La recherche explore la pratique des premiers entretiens dans deux contextes culturels, à travers la façon dont l’analyste témoigne de son cheminement intérieur. Les données émanent de l’analyse qualitative thématique de contenu de 15 entretiens de recherche, réalisés auprès de psychothérapeutes psychanalytiques et de psychanalystes, de 3 à 37 ans d’expérience clinique, en France et au Québec. Au vu des résultats, le cheminement intérieur de l’analyste s’organiserait selon une trame d’écoute préétablie, dont le niveau d’explicitation varierait avec l’expérience clinique. L’élaboration, à la fois secondarisée et intuitive, s’appuierait sur le matériel clinique présent et absent, la théorie et l’expérience clinique, réalisant toujours une forme d’évaluation prédictive. De façon similaire, les analystes tiendraient compte dans leur décision de l’évaluation de la demande, du fonctionnement psychique, et des potentialités de rencontre dans un « lieu transférentiel ». Des hypothèses psychodynamiques seraient à l’œuvre dès les premiers entretiens, intervenant dans les aménagements du cadre à proposer au patient. Les dispositions contre-transférentielles projetées sur l’évaluation influenceraient la nature des prédictions quant à l’issue du travail analytique. Le « désir de l’analyste » pèserait manifestement sur l’évaluation des possibilités de travail analytique, avantageant les évaluations favorables ou de potentialités d’évolution, au détriment d’éléments défavorables. Le contexte culturel n’influencerait pas le processus d’élaboration de la décision, mais modulerait la demande et les possibilités de l’analyste d’y répondre, résultat ouvrant des pistes de recherches futuresThis research explores clinical practice of first interviews in two cultural contexts, through the way the analyst accounts for his/her internal psychic development of thought. The data comes from the qualitative analysis of the thematic content of 15 research interviews, performed with psychoanalytic psychotherapists and psychoanalysts with 3 to 37 years of clinical experience, both in France and Quebec. According to the results, the analyst’s internal psychic development of thought would follow a pre-established organic listening structure, of which the level of explicitation would vary with clinical experience. The analyst’s elaboration, both secondary and intuitive, would be based on present and absent clinical material, theory, and clinical experience, always carrying out a form of predictive assessment. Similarly, the analysts would take into account in their decision the assessment of the demand, psychic functioning, and possible meeting within a “transference context”. Psychodynamic hypotheses would be at work as soon as the first interviews, involved in the adjustments of the framework proposed to the patient. The counter-transferential dispositions –projected onto the assessment– would influence the nature of predictions about the outcome of psychoanalytic work. The "desire of the analyst" would clearly influence the evaluation of analytical work opportunities, advantaging favourable assessments or potential evolution, to the detriment of hindering elements. The cultural context would not influence the decision making process, but would modulate the demands and the analyst’s possibilities to answer, opening the door to future line of research
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Santa-Rosa, Ednilton José. "A família e a criança no psicodiagnóstico infantil: estudo em uma clínica-escola de São Paulo." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2008. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17261.
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Previous issue date: 2008-06-20Faculdade Paulista de Serviço Social
The present study has the objective to verify the idea of familys contained in the infantile psychodiagnostics realized in a clinic-school at São Paulo city by psychologist trainee. It was searched twenty-one final reports of psychodiagnostics, made between 2003 and 2004, that had determined the leading of children to the psychotherapy. From the selected reports were extracted some elements, such as, terms, concepts, expressions, and explanations related to the family in the child education. These elements allowed us to separate the subjects in two categories named as Family Linking and Children Care. In the first category, we allocated the psychodiagnostic comprehension of indicators referred to the way the linking between the child and each one of the family members. It was allocated in the second category the indicators concerned to family members conduction when it affects the children s feelings of safe, protection, and development. The conceptual base of the searching is pertinent to the critical theory of the society; especially the discussions related to family, ideology, psychology and technique. It was concluded that a family representation constituted by individuals, who are linked with defined rules such as father, mother and children, bases the notions of family. The function, performed by the family, of child care is conditioned to the adjustment of the family members, more specifically the parents, to the their rules functions. Nevertheless, it is not considered duly the social factors that imply in the family constitution
O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a idéia de família contida nos psicodiagnósticos infantis realizados por psicólogos em formação, em uma clínica-escola da cidade de São Paulo. Foram pesquisados 21 relatórios finais de psicodiagnósticos, elaborados entre 2003 e 2004, que determinaram o encaminhamento da criança para a psicoterapia. Dos relatórios selecionados foram extraídos vários elementos, tais como: termos, conceitos, expressões e explicações relacionados à função da família na formação da criança. Esses elementos permitiram agrupar os conteúdos em duas categorias, denominadas de Vínculos familiares e Cuidados com a criança . Na primeira categoria foram alocados indicadores referentes à maneira como foi compreendida, pelo psicodiagnóstico, a vinculação entre a criança e cada um dos membros da família. Já na segunda, foram relacionados os indicadores atinentes à conduta dos familiares no cuidado com a criança quanto ao sentimento de segurança, proteção e desenvolvimento. A base conceitual da pesquisa é pertinente à teoria crítica da sociedade, destacando-se as discussões relacionadas à família, ideologia, psicologia e técnica. As principais conclusões obtidas indicam que a idéia de família contida nos psicodiagnósticos estudados têm como base um modelo familiar constituído por indivíduos que se vinculam por meio de papéis definidos: pai, mãe e filho(a). A análise dos relatórios também aponta que os cuidados relacionados à criança estão condicionados ao ajustamento dos membros da família, mais especificamente ao relacionamento dos pais e à capacidade destes em exercerem seus papéis. Constata-se que, apesar de presentes nos psicodiagnósticos, os fatores sociais determinantes da situação familiar não são devidamente considerados nos relatórios
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Fernandes, Luciana Teixeira. "DIAGNÓSTICO DA DEPRESSÃO NUMA PERSPECTIVA FENOMENOLÓGICA/EXISTENCIAL ATRAVÉS DO PNK, CET-DE E DA ENTREVISTA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2007. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/1958.
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Previous issue date: 2007-02-24This study aims to present the results of the conjugated use of three techniques that, in a phenomenological diagnostic perspective, explore the meaning of the depressive state lived by the researched subject. The verbalization of the same was stimulated in these for dimensions: depressive, humo, anergy, discommunication, biopsychological rhythmopathy. The expressive-projective technique of the PMK explores them through the irreflected miocinetic gestural language, such temperamental of genotypic as characterial or phenotypic. The direct techniques of the CET-DE (Tetradimensional Structural Questionnaire for the Depression) and the interview explore them by means of its verbalization reflected or conscious. The results attest the utility of the connected use of a projective technique and two called direct, in the sense that the second ones help in the interpretation of the data of the first and this last one establishes the veracity of the data obtained with the others ones. They confirm, however, the present clinic diagnostic of the PMK technique, by the undisguisable character of the language it uses.
Este estudo objetiva apresentar os resultados do uso conjugado de três técnicas que, numa perspectiva diagnóstica fenomenológica, exploram os significados do estado depressivo vivenciados pelo sujeito pesquisado. A verbalização dos mesmos foi estumulada nestas quatro dimensões: humor, anegia, descomunicação, ritmopatia bio-psicológica. A técnica projetiva-expressiva do PMK os explorou através da linguagem gestual miocinética irrefletida, tanto temperamental ou genotípica quanto caraterial ou fenotípica. Já as técnicas diretas do CET-DE (Questionário Estrutural Tetradimensional para a Depressão) e da Entrevista os exploraram mediante sua verbalização refletida ou consciente. Os resultados atestam a utilidade do emprego conjunto de uma técnica projetiva e de duas, chamadas diretas, no sentido de que as segundas ajudam na interpretação dos dados da primeira e esta última alicerça a veracidade dos dados obtidos com as duas. Confirmam, todavia, a atualidade diagnóstica clínica da técnica do PMK, pelo caráter indissimulável da linguagem que utiliza.
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Markvart, Ondřej. "Projektový manažer jako manažer projektového týmu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-198195.
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The thesis topic is linking of knowledge from psychology and psychodiagnosis within project management. The thesis has several aims, which are all introduced in the first chapter. One of those aims is the introduction of contemporary ways, methods and standards used in project management. Another aim is equipping a project manager with knowledge from psychology and psychodiagnosis, which still constitute a comparatively neglected area of project management. What their utilization can actually do is to increase the efficiency and performance of project teams. The final aim is to come up with a solution to identified problems based on the conducted research. The second chapter of the thesis explains basic terms of project management, its standards and methodology, and duties of a project manager. The part devoted to psychology deals with personality, psychodiagnostic methods, team and motivation. The fourth chapter pursues the conduct and evaluation of research of contemporary project management. Finally, problems identified based on the findings from questionnaire survey are dealt with within the fifth chapter. It contains instructions for choice of appropriate way of project management, draft of the process of building a project team and a concept to achieve greater work satisfaction of team members.
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Sobrinho, Jorge Gomes da Silva. "Corpos intensificados : dimensão do sofrimento no processo de subjetivação da posição gerencial em jovens trainees." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2011. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=586.
Full textAbstract:
Este trabalho foi motivado pela experiência como analista organizacional em seleção, treinamento e acompanhamento de jovens executivos em empresas familiares locais e
nacionais e pelo fato de as relações verticais irem sendo substituídas por relações horizontais no trabalho gerencial, exigindo da empresa e dos gerentes novas posturas.
Neste cenário, o adoecimento gerencial recebeu outros contornos, mais conectado com as patologias de sobrecargas, como a compulsão, gerando novos modos de sofrimento
no trabalho. Tomamos como referencial teórico autores que contribuem para a compreensão da intensificação dos corpos no trabalho, como os modelos abertos de gestão, marcados pela desregulamentação dos mercados, as repercussões desse avanço do discurso do mercado na construção de um neo-sujeito e de um neo-trabalhador, além da construção da categoria dos corpos intensificados a partir da topologia lacaniana do Real, Simbólico e Imaginário. Estabelecemos como objetivo geral analisar as narrativas de trainees que se encontram ou concluíram programas de formação gerencial, com o objetivo de verificar o processo de instalação de sofrimento, durante a formação gerencial. Para análise dos depoimentos, trabalhamos o modelo milleriano de operaçãoredução (convergência, repetição e evitação) adaptado da segunda clínica lacaniana para análise de narrativas. A coleta de dados foi feita através de entrevistas semiestruradas, que foram transcritas e analisadas. Com base nesses depoimentos, observamos a instalação de sofrimento e intensificação dos corpos para aquisição de habilidades
gerenciais durante o treinamento de formação. Os corpos intensificados revelaram a sobrecarga no aparelho psíquico do sujeito, imputadas pelas empresas líquidas para desenvolver habilidades gerenciais em um tempo determinado pelos programas de formação gerencial. A instalação do sofrimento gerencial foi detectada entre as Fases 1 e 2 do treinamento em que os sujeitos ressignificaram suas expectativas sobre a empresa e passaram a usar a lógica da eficiência para circular na organização. Apenas dois trainees demonstraram uma relação de compulsão ao trabalho, P1-E1 e P2-E1; os
demais apresentaram queixas pontuais sobre o mal estar advindo do programa. Os aspectos mais relevantes foram os de perceber que os neo-trabalhadores engajam-se
subjetivamente na função de gerentes e gozam desse lugar; a importância da figura do cuidador na facilitação desse processo e da redução do mal-estar, pois ele acolhe a
angústia, reconhece os avanços no programa e interpela os conflitos e dificuldadesThis work was motivated by the experience as an analyst in organizational selection, training and monitoring of young executives in family businesses and local banks and by the fact that the vertical relationships go being replaced by horizontal relationships in managerial work, requiring the company and managers new positions. In this scenario, the disease of management has received other forms, most connected with the conditions of overload, as compulsion, that generates new ways of suffering at work. It was taken as reference authors that contribute to understanding the intensification of bodies at work, how open models management marked by the deregulation of markets, the implications of this advance of market discourse in the construction of a neo-subject and a neo-worker, and the construction of the category of intensified bodies from the Lacanian topology of the Real, Symbolic and Imaginary. It was established as a general aim the analyses of the narratives of trainees who are or have completed training programs in management. For analysis of statements, the model worked Millerianreduction operation (convergence, and avoiding repetition) adapted from the second clinic to Lacanian analysis of narratives. Data collection was done through interviews semi structured, which were transcribed and analyzed. Based on these statements, we observe the installation of suffering and strengthening bodies for their managerial skills. Intensified bodies show the overhead in the psychic apparatus of the subject, charged Net companies to develop managerial skills at a time determined by managerial training programs. The installation of pain management were detected between Phases 1 and 2 of training in which subjects resignifying their expectations about the company and started using circular logic of efficiency for the organization. Only two trainees showed a relationship to the work of addition, P1 and P2-E1-E1, and the rest were occasional complaints about the discomfort arising from the program. The most important aspects were to realize that the neo-workers engage in subjective function Managers and enjoy this place, and the importance of the caregiver in facilitating this process and reduce discomfort, because he accepts the pain, acknowledge the progress and challenges in program conflicts and difficulties
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Silva, Sobrinho Jorge Gomes da. "Corpos intensificados : dimensão do sofrimento no processo de subjetivação da posição gerencial em jovens trainees." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2011. http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/146.
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Previous issue date: 2011-07-15This work was motivated by the experience as an analyst in organizational selection, training and monitoring of young executives in family businesses and local banks and by the fact that the vertical relationships go being replaced by horizontal relationships in managerial work, requiring the company and managers new positions. In this scenario, the disease of management has received other forms, most connected with the conditions of overload, as compulsion, that generates new ways of suffering at work. It was taken as reference authors that contribute to understanding the intensification of bodies at work, how open models management marked by the deregulation of markets, the implications of this advance of market discourse in the construction of a neo-subject and a neo-worker, and the construction of the category of intensified bodies from the Lacanian topology of the Real, Symbolic and Imaginary. It was established as a general aim the analyses of the narratives of trainees who are or have completed training programs in management. For analysis of statements, the model worked Millerianreduction operation (convergence, and avoiding repetition) adapted from the second clinic to Lacanian analysis of narratives. Data collection was done through interviews semi structured, which were transcribed and analyzed. Based on these statements, we observe the installation of suffering and strengthening bodies for their managerial skills. Intensified bodies show the overhead in the psychic apparatus of the subject, charged Net companies to develop managerial skills at a time determined by managerial training programs. The installation of pain management were detected between Phases 1 and 2 of training in which subjects resignifying their expectations about the company and started using circular logic of efficiency for the organization. Only two trainees showed a relationship to the work of addition, P1 and P2-E1-E1, and the rest were occasional complaints about the discomfort arising from the program. The most important aspects were to realize that the neo-workers engage in subjective function Managers and enjoy this place, and the importance of the caregiver in facilitating this process and reduce discomfort, because he accepts the pain, acknowledge the progress and challenges in program conflicts and difficulties
Este trabalho foi motivado pela experiência como analista organizacional em seleção, treinamento e acompanhamento de jovens executivos em empresas familiares locais e nacionais e pelo fato de as relações verticais irem sendo substituídas por relações horizontais no trabalho gerencial, exigindo da empresa e dos gerentes novas posturas. Neste cenário, o adoecimento gerencial recebeu outros contornos, mais conectado com as patologias de sobrecargas, como a compulsão, gerando novos modos de sofrimento no trabalho. Tomamos como referencial teórico autores que contribuem para a compreensão da intensificação dos corpos no trabalho, como os modelos abertos de gestão, marcados pela desregulamentação dos mercados, as repercussões desse avanço do discurso do mercado na construção de um neo-sujeito e de um neo-trabalhador, além da construção da categoria dos corpos intensificados a partir da topologia lacaniana do Real, Simbólico e Imaginário. Estabelecemos como objetivo geral analisar as narrativas de trainees que se encontram ou concluíram programas de formação gerencial, com o objetivo de verificar o processo de instalação de sofrimento, durante a formação gerencial. Para análise dos depoimentos, trabalhamos o modelo milleriano de operaçãoredução (convergência, repetição e evitação) adaptado da segunda clínica lacaniana para análise de narrativas. A coleta de dados foi feita através de entrevistas semiestruradas, que foram transcritas e analisadas. Com base nesses depoimentos, observamos a instalação de sofrimento e intensificação dos corpos para aquisição de habilidades gerenciais durante o treinamento de formação. Os corpos intensificados revelaram a sobrecarga no aparelho psíquico do sujeito, imputadas pelas empresas líquidas para desenvolver habilidades gerenciais em um tempo determinado pelos programas de formação gerencial. A instalação do sofrimento gerencial foi detectada entre as Fases 1 e 2 do treinamento em que os sujeitos ressignificaram suas expectativas sobre a empresa e passaram a usar a lógica da eficiência para circular na organização. Apenas dois trainees demonstraram uma relação de compulsão ao trabalho, P1-E1 e P2-E1; os demais apresentaram queixas pontuais sobre o mal estar advindo do programa. Os aspectos mais relevantes foram os de perceber que os neo-trabalhadores engajam-se subjetivamente na função de gerentes e gozam desse lugar; a importância da figura do cuidador na facilitação desse processo e da redução do mal-estar, pois ele acolhe a angústia, reconhece os avanços no programa e interpela os conflitos e dificuldades
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Pustina, Jaroslav. "Možnosti měření zvládání stresu." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-350789.
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This work investigates various methods for measurement of stress coping. Theoretical part introduces basic theoretical constructs that deal with stress coping which are also related to the presented Stress coping questionnaire inventory. Other methods for measurement of stress coping are also discussed. The end of the theoretical part introduces the Stress coping questionnaire itself. Empirical part establishes the basic psychometric characteristics of the inventory and analyses suitability of implementation of specific norms for various demographic groups. Se- cond study within the empirical part investigates convergent validity of the method against other inventories. The results indicate that the inventory is a valid method for measurement of stress coping, although some of its scales are affected by social desirability. Recommendations for improvements of the method are mentioned in the end of the work. Keywords: stress, stress coping, psychodiagnostics