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Slater, Jonathan A. "Psychological Aspects of Chronic Disease." Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 44, no. 1 (January 2005): 105–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000145244.77925.35.
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Laili, Nurul. "ASPEK PSIKOLOGI PEMBELAJARAN DARING MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DENGAN CAPAIAN INDEKS PRESTASI KUMULATIF MAHASISWA VOKASI." Jurnal Ilmiah Pamenang 2, no. 2 (December 9, 2020): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.53599/jip.v2i2.67.
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Background: Changes that occur in the learning process due to a pandemic have an impact on the psychological aspects of students. Factors that influence the psychological aspects of learning are intelligence, learning environment and learning methods. Online learning methods require adaptation to habitual patterns and use of technology. Independent learning, indirect learning, and multiple assignments, have a psychological effect on a variety of physical and mental complaints. Evaluation of online learning through understanding (cognitive) and affective results with reference to the cumulative grade point average obtained by students during online learning.
Method: The research design used cross-sectional. The population in this study were all D3 Nursing students of STIKES Karya Husada Semester 2. Data collection techniques were Total Sampling. The independent variable is the psychological aspect of vocational students facing online learning and the dependent variable is the achievement of the student's Grade Point Average. Measurement of psychological aspects using a scale instrument of psychological aspects of resilience. The type of test used is the Chi Square test with p value <0.005.
Results: Most of the respondents had a positive psychological aspect when learning online and had a very satisfying GPA. The result of the value correlation test shows a significance of 0.000, so there is a relationship between psychological aspects and the achievement of the student's grade point average.Analysis: Learning conditions that have implications for individual responses show that education as an institution is able to prepare students for online learning well. Conditions that can support the learning process, facilitators, academic tools and learning methods are quite varied, increasing the ability of students to follow each learning process. The competency target that is sought is still optimal, although not ideal, it will greatly help students achieve good learning outcomes.Conclusion: Achievement of learning outcomes can be influenced by interest, motivation, cognitive abilities, ability to share time, relationships with family, lecturers' explanations and living conditions, social conditions and individual abilities to adapt to learning conditions.
Keywords: Psychological aspects, Grade Point Average, Online learning
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Kalutskaya, I. N., and A. N. Poddiakov. "The Concept of Machiavellianism: A Diversity of Approaches and Evaluations." Cultural-Historical Psychology 3, no. 4 (2007): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2007030409.
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The paper discusses the ambiguity and contradictions of the term 'Machiavellianism' and its operationalization in concrete psychological researches. The concept is analysed in following aspects: a) the contradiction between the personality traits of Niccolo Machiavelli and the modern meaning of the concept 'Machiavellist'; b) the differences in understanding this concept between psychologists and ordinary people, as well as between psychologists themselves; c) the heterogeneity, overloading with different, often contradictory, psychological content of the statements in the MACHIV test, the most commonly used instrument for measuring a person's level of Machiavellianism. The authors point to the complexity of Machiavellianism as a psychological phenomenon as well as to the complexity and multidimensionality of human notions about it. The authors also propose a possible scheme for integrating psychological theories of Machiavellianism.
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Bratus, B. S., N. P. Busygina, A. N. Krichevec, and K. I. Nasibullov. "Comprehending Incomprehensible: Comparative Approach in Qualitative Psychological Studies of Religiosity." Cultural-Historical Psychology 17, no. 1 (2021): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2021170115.
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The article presents an analysis of methodological problems in psychological studies of religiosity and offers a new comparative approach to qualitative research of religiosity as a component of human life. The authors demonstrate the possibility of combining ideas of religious philosophy (Christian and Islamic) with J. Lacan's psychoanalytic idea of a multidimensional subject in the psychological interpretation of biographical interviews of believers. The essence of the authors' approach to interpretation is repeated re-reading of the interview texts from the theological (close to the respondent's denomination), psychoanalytic and reflective positions, which provides methodological triangulation of qualitative analysis and creates opportunities for a richer understanding of the meanings of the stories. The analysis of two semi-structured interviews with Muslim and Orthodox women are presented. The authors discuss the possibilities of applying their methodological approach to the explorations of religious experience and the relationship between deep psychological and spiritual aspects of such experience.
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Mahakova, Larisa. "Ethno-Psychological Aspects of Youth Identity with the City." Scientific Research and Development. Socio-Humanitarian Research and Technology 9, no. 1 (April 10, 2020): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-912x-2020-31-36.
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The object of the study is the identity with the city among regional youth. Subject: psychological aspects of youth identity in different ethnic groups. Purpose: to determine the psychological basis for identification with the city of residence among young people, as well as the structure of identity with the city in its various ethnic groups.
A modified identification scale with the city developed by M. Lalli was the methodological toolkit. For statistical data processing, the Friedman analysis of variance by Chi-square criterion was used.
The results of the work contribute to the search for the psychological foundations of the rooting of young people in their cities in order to minimize the internal migration of the able-bodied young urban population, set their development and prosperity, and implement their personal and professional plans.
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Pavlenko, V. N. "The Concepts of “Tool”, “Psychological Tool”, “Sign” and Their Relationship." Cultural-Historical Psychology 16, no. 1 (2020): 122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2020160112.
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The article focuses on a number of key concepts for cultural-historical psychology — ‘tool’, ‘psychological tool’, ‘sign’ — and their relationship, both in the past and modern researches. It analyses different approaches to the interpretation of the concept of ‘tool’ and proposes an alternative version of its understanding. Notably, L.S. Vygotsky moved away from the concept of ‘psychological too’ to the concept of ‘sign’, and this transition is discussed in terms of Vygotsky’s understanding of the latter. The paper presents a comparative analysis of tools and signs in their plain, historically original forms. It is suggested that the main difference between tools and signs is that the function of tools is to replace the individual as a participant of collective activity in its various specific operations, while the function of signs is to replace the individual in just one aspect — in the regulation of social interaction in joint activities. Such understanding is consistent with the idea of the social nature of signs as well as with the idea of the possibility of forming self-regulation on this basis.
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Udavihina, Ul'yana. "About Socio-Psychological Aspect of the Mediation." Scientific Research and Development. Socio-Humanitarian Research and Technology 9, no. 3 (September 21, 2020): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-912x-2020-7-14.
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The definition of mediation as a process or procedure prevails in the scientific literature. Consideration of the socio-psychological aspect of meditation is rarely found in the works of foreign and domestic researchers. A hypothesis was put forward about the existence of socio-psychological features of the mediator's professional activity, which are manifested in the socio-psychological features and social orientations of mediators and their clients. 198 people were surveyed, including 98 mediators and 100 mediation clients. We measured: personality profiles of social orientations; use of mediation approaches; negotiation style in mediation; level of subjective success of the mediator's professional activity. Data processing: frequency analysis, correlation analysis using the t-test for independent samples, Pearson's Chi-square, and Spearman's r-square. Results: among mediators, people who tend to dominate are more common, while clients who use the services of mediators have a tendency to lead behavior. There are differences in the mutual assessment of personality profiles and social orientations of mediators and their clients. Each mediation approach and negotiation style is characterized by its own set of relationships with the characteristics of the personality profile of the mediator's social orientations, features and self-assessment of his work.
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Gordeeva, T. O., O. A. Sychev, and E. N. Osin. "Evaluating Optimism: Developing Children’s Version of Optimistic Attributional Style Questionnaire." Cultural-Historical Psychology 13, no. 2 (2017): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2017130206.
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People differ significantly in how they usually explain to themselves the reasons of events, both positive and negative, that happen in their lives. Psychological research shows that children who tend to think optimistically have certain advantages as compared to their pessimistically thinking peers: they are less likely to suffer from depression, establish more positive relationships with peers, and demonstrate higher academic achievements. This paper describes the process of creating the children’s version of the Optimistic Attributional Style Questionnaire (OASQ-C). This technique is based on the theory of learned hopelessness and optimism developed by M. Seligman, L. Abramson and J. Teas dale and is an efficient (compact) tool for measuring optimism as an explanatory style in children and adolescents (9-14 years). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that this technique is a two-factor structure with acceptable reliability. Validity is supported by the presence of expected correlations between explanatory style and rates of psychological well-being, dispositional optimism, positive attitude to life and its aspects, depression, and academic performance. The outcomes of this technique are not affected by social desirability. The developed questionnaire may be recommended to researchers and school counsellors for evaluating optimism (optimistic thinking) as one of the major factors in psychological well-being of children; it may also be used in assessing the effectiveness of cognitive oriented training for adolescents.
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Sizova, Zh M., V. L. Zakharova, and K. A. Alibeyli. "Possibilities of coenzyme q10 as a part of complex therapy of patients with chronic heart failure and its influence on indicators of quality of life." Medical Council, no. 5 (April 4, 2019): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2019-5-90-95.
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The research objective consisted in studying of influence of coenzyme Q10 as a part of complex therapy of patients with the chronic heart failure (CHF) on indicators of quality of life in comparison with traditional therapy without coenzyme Q10 addition. The research included 75 patients with CHF 1-3 of FC, the coronary heart disease (CHD) which complicated a current with a myocardial infarction in the anamnesis In comparative aspect were analyzed dynamics of physical and psychological components of quality of life of patients with CHF 1-3 of FC under the influence of traditional therapy and traditional therapy with coenzyme Q10 addition. The indicators of quality of life defined on the basis of questionnaires of EQ-5D-DL and SF-36, supplementing a disease picture, are multiple-factor criterion for evaluation of a condition of patients with CHF 1-3 of FC. Improvement of indicators of quality of life is more expressed under the influence of traditional therapy with coenzyme Q10 addition.
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Lee, Gloria K., Michael Infranco, Abiola Dipeolu, Catherine Cook-Cottone, James P. Donnelly, Timothy P. Janikowski, Amy Reynolds, and Tim Boling. "Concept Mapping Analysis of Social Skills Camp Experience for Children with Disabilities." Children Australia 41, no. 1 (October 19, 2015): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2015.41.
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The present study aimed to identify themes emerging from an inclusive therapeutic recreational camp experience for children with disabilities who attended a 10-day summer camp. Concept mapping was used to analyse the experience of 42 participants. Results emerged with seven themes: Personal Growth; Nurturing Relationships; Non-judgmental Environment and Attitude; Traditional/Classic Camp Fun; Beneficial and Unique Opportunities; Learning/Thinking with Structures and Rules; and Independence and Recognition. Results suggested that children with disabilities experienced positive personal growth and learned new skills from an integrated, therapeutic camp. These children benefited from the social and psychological aspects of the camp experience, as well as the learned skillset and behaviours. Clinical implications and future research directions are also discussed.
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Hartini, Iis, and Suandi Suandi. "Hubungan Persepsi Siswa-Siswi Sekolah Dasar Terhadap Perilaku Kekerasan Oleh Orang Tua Di Kota Jambi." Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) 3, no. 2 (December 2, 2020): 394–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v3i2.315.
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In Jambi Province, the behavior of violence against children was quite high, reaching 72 children each year. This study is conducted at SDN 47, SDN 69, and SDN 208 Jambi City with a population of 6th grade students with a sample of 90 people. The variables studied consists the types of violence experienced by children, children's perceptions of violence and socio-economic factors that influence the occurrence of violence against children. The aspects of violence against children studied were physical violence, psychological violence, and sexual violence. The aspects of perception are consists of cognition, affection and conation. This research was conducted using descriptive analytical method, in quantitative analysis carried out by descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistics using chi square correlation with categorical data types. The results of this study concluded that psychological violence (22%) was mostly experienced by these students. Aspect of children's perceptions of violence can be concluded that these students understand about violence against children and do not agree with violence against children. The socio-economic variables that have a significant relationship with violent behavior are maternal education (0,027) and maternal age (0,041) where the probability value shows a value less than 0.05. It means that maternal education and maternal age are related to violent behavior in children.
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Taylor-Piliae, Ruth E., and Brooke A. Finley. "Tai Chi exercise for psychological well-being among adults with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis." European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing 19, no. 7 (June 9, 2020): 580–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474515120926068.
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Background: Regular exercise is beneficial for adults with cardiovascular disease to improve psychological well-being. Tai Chi is a mind–body exercise thought to promote psychological well-being. Aim: Examine the efficacy of Tai Chi in improving psychological well-being among persons with cardiovascular disease. Methods: An electronic literature search of 10 databases (AMED, CINAHL, Embase, OpenGrey, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science) was conducted. Clinical trials that examined one or more aspect of psychological well-being, incorporated a Tai Chi intervention among cardiovascular disease participants, and were published in English or German languages were included. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2.0 software (Biostat, Inc.) was used to calculate the effect sizes (i.e. Hedges’ g) and the 95% confidence intervals using random effects models. Results: A total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria, enrolling 1853 participants (mean age = 66 years old, 44% women). Outcomes included: quality of life (QOL), stress, anxiety, depression, and psychological distress. When Tai Chi was compared with controls, significantly better general QOL (Hedges’ g 0.96; p=0.02, I2=94.99%), mental health QOL (Hedges’ g=0.20; p=0.01, I2=15.93) and physical health QOL (Hedges’ g=0.40; p=0.00, I2=0%); with less depression (Hedges’ g=0.69; p=0.00, I2=86.64%) and psychological distress (Hedges’ g=0.58; p=0.00, I2=0%) were found. Conclusions: Few Tai Chi studies have been conducted during the past decade examining psychological well-being among older adults with cardiovascular disease. Further research is needed with more rigorous study designs, adequate Tai Chi exercise doses, and carefully chosen outcome measures that assess the mechanisms as well as the effects of Tai Chi.
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Kholmogorova, A. B., N. G. Garanyan, and T. O. Tsatsulin. "Dynamics of Indicators of Perfectionism and Symptoms of Emotional Distress in the Russian Student Population over the Past Ten Years: Cohort Study." Cultural-Historical Psychology 15, no. 3 (2019): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2019150305.
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According to the research data, the number of adolescents and university students with emotional maladjustment is growing up along with increasing levels of perfectionism. In this study, the authors compared indices of perfectionism in two samples of Russian university students that completed the Three-Factor Perfectionism Inventory (N.G. Garanyan, A.B. Kholmogorova) in 2005—2008 (N=449) and 2017—2018 (N=194). The comparison revealed that levels of the most destructive perfectionism aspects associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms have significantly increased. Overall, the means on subscale corresponding to socially prescribed perfectionism have increased by 34%, whereas the indices of perfectionistic thinking have grown twice. According to multifactorial psychosocial model of affective spectrum disorders (A.B. Kholmogorova, N.G. Garanyan, 1998), the cult of success and achievements in modern society is inextricably linked to this growth of perfectionism indices. The data obtained and their interpretations correspond closely to the studies of researchers from western countries. The necessity to create a healthy learning environment and establish psychological service in education’s system is confirmed.
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Kotliar, I. A., M. V. Sokolova, and E. G. Sheina. "The Importance of Taking Risks: A Report on the Conference." Cultural-Historical Psychology 12, no. 1 (2016): 102–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2016120111.
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The paper gives an overview of the 14th interdisciplinary conference The Importance of Taking Risks held by the Welsh branch of the International Play Association. The meeting focused on various aspects of supporting children’s play and on the role of risk in child development. The conference had a clear multidis- ciplinary character and brought together specialists from a variety of fields: psychologists, teachers, social workers, experts in risk assessment, and health care professionals. The paper outlines how risk is understood in modern western theory and practice and distinguishes between risk and danger. A child must be taught to assess situations as safe or dangerous. However, modern developmental environment tends to reduce the possibility of risks for the child, which deprives him/her of the natural means of learning about the world and reduces creativity and independence and holds back the child’s self-regulation, prolonging compelled dependence and making children more infantile. The conference also involved discussions concerning tech- niques for risk assessment and a number of prevention programmes and practices. This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Humanities (project No 15-06-10627 “Psychological and pedagogical analysis of children’s play environment of the modern city”).
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Solovieva, Yu, and L. Quintanar. "Playing with Social Roles in Online Sessions for Preschoolers." Cultural-Historical Psychology 17, no. 2 (2021): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2021170212.
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Educational isolation, as a consequence of the global pandemic, has become an obstacle for guiding activity of pre-school age for a period of over one year. Online education did not include collective playing activity; actually, simultaneous modality of sessions was not at all applied in many public and private pre-school institutions in Latin America. The goal of the article is to show a unique experience of organizing collective sessions of playing with social roles by a preschool institution in Mexico. The results show the necessity of modification of some of the elements of the structure of playing activity, such as the means and the orientation of the activity. A broad variety of means at concrete, perceptive and verbal level were used for online playing. The part of orientation of action was separated from the part of realization of playing to guarantee the process of collective playing. The favorable and negative aspects of organization of online playing activity with social roles are discussed. The conclusions claim for the necessity of profound analysis of online modality of education for psychological development together with urgent re-conceptualization of the content of pre-school period as a period of affective communication and preparation for studying at school.
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Freitag, Simone, Elmar Braehler, Silke Schmidt, and Heide Glaesmer. "The impact of forced displacement in World War II on mental health disorders and health-related quality of life in late life – a German population-based study." International Psychogeriatrics 25, no. 2 (September 24, 2012): 310–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610212001585.
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ABSTRACTBackground: Long-term effects of World War II experiences affect psychological and physical health in aged adults. Forced displacement as a traumatic event is associated with increased psychological burden even after several decades. This study investigates the contribution of forced displacement as a predictor for mental health disorders and adds the aspect of health-related quality of life (QoL).Method: A sample of 1,659 German older adults aged 60–85 years was drawn from a representative survey. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), somatoform symptoms, depressive syndromes, and health-related QoL were assessed as outcome variables. Chi-square and t-test statistics examined differences between displaced and non-displaced people. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the impact of forced displacement on mental health disorders and QoL.Results: Displaced people reported higher levels of PTSD, depressive and somatoform symptoms, and lower levels of health-related QoL. Displacement significantly predicted PTSD and somatoform symptoms in late life, but not depressive disorders. Health-related QoL was predicted by forced displacement and socio-demographic variables.Conclusion: Forced displacement is associated with an elevated risk for PTSD and somatoform symptoms and lowered health-related QoL in aged adults. Its unique impact declines after including socio-demographic variables. Long-term consequences of forced displacement need further investigations and should include positive aspects in terms of resilience and protective coping strategies.
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Saragih, Desi Christin, Heni Dwi Windarwati, and Ayut Merdikawati. "Are Personality Types Related to Cyberbullying Behavior Trends in Adolescents?" Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa 8, no. 3 (July 28, 2020): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/jkj.8.3.2020.307-318.
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Adolescent growth and development is influenced by 2 factors, namely internal and external factors. Internal factors are factors that influence the fulfillment of developmental tasks originating from within the individual, both physical and psychological, while external factors are factors that influence the fulfillment of developmental tasks originating from outside the individual self. There are several examples of external factors, namely biological and physical environment, psychosocial and depression, family and cultural factors, and economic factors. Psychosocial factors involve psychological and social aspects. The social aspect can be done without having to face to face directly or can be done online using social media. the freedom of a person to use social media causes various abuses of social media, for example cyberbullying. Cyberbullying in adolescents is influenced by several factors, namely personality type, perception of the victim, the role of parent and child interaction. The research aims to determine the relationship of personality types with the tendency of cyberbullying behavior in adolescents. The study was conducted on 10th grade high school teenagers in Malang. The sample was 126 students with a purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using Eysenck Personality Questionare and cyberbullying instruments. Data were analyzed using Chi Square test. There is no significant relationship between personality types and the tendency of cyberbullying behavior in 10th grade teenagers in Malang with Asymp. Sig 0.128 or p-value> 𝞪 (0.05).
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Chesnokova, O. B., S. M. Churbanova, and S. V. Molchanov. "Professional Self-determination in Young Age as a Structural Component of Future Professionalism: Socio-Cognitive and Creative Factors." Cultural-Historical Psychology 15, no. 4 (2019): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2019150411.
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The article presents a review of studies on the problem of professional self-determination in adolescence in the aspect of the development of future professionalism, based on the specifics of the laws of age development, which expands the traditional sociological, sociopsychological and differential psychological representations accepted in the literature. Cross-cultural and ethno-cultural differences in the development of professional self-determination are considered. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the prerequisites for the development of the components of such a megastructure of professional maturity as career adaptability, defined as the ability to respond flexibly to dynamically changing requirements and conditions of professional activity, using psychological resources of self-development. It is shown that in the transition from adolescence to youth, adaptability to a career means a balance between interest in a future profession and a realization of the realism of the realization of professional expectations through awareness of their resources and capabilities. In the framework of the Social Cognitive Theory of Professional Development (SCCT), the analysis of complex systems and the social interaction, the concept of strong and weak ties, nonspecific and specific influence, the article discusses the role of sociocognitive and creative factors as mediators which until now have been little studied in relation to the process of professional self-determination in adolescence and young age. The studies revealed the influence of social intelligence on the interest of adolescents and youths in the subject content and social status of the future profession and in interpersonal professional culture. Also, there is a correlation between social intelligence and the second component of the “career adaptability” mega-structure, such as curiosity and orientation in the requirements of the profession, professional expectations (career curiosity). Modern research shows a significant correlation between creativity and the first component (career concern) — planning your own professional future, especially in the early stages of professional self-determination.
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Tetley, Carmen. "The Hague Convention: Who is Protecting the Child?" Children Australia 37, no. 4 (November 6, 2012): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2012.34.
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The Hague Convention of 25 October 1980 on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction is a multilateral treaty that seeks to protect children from the harmful effects of abduction and retention across international boundaries by providing a procedure to bring about their prompt return. The ‘Child Abduction Section’ provides information about the operation of the Convention and the work of the Hague Conference in monitoring its implementation and promoting international co-operation in the area of child abduction. There are currently 58 member countries and 22 non-member countries. Australia signed the Convention five years after its introduction. The Family Law (Child Abduction) Regulations 1986 enshrined in Australian law the principles espoused in the Convention which came into force in 1987. The Regulations are to: (a)secure the prompt return of children wrongfully removed to or retained in any contracting state, and(b)ensure that rights of custody and access under the law of one contracting state are effectively respected in the other contracting states. This paper shows that the failure of Family Courts to take account of the effects of their actions on the development and best interests of children whose return is secured can add to the psychological abuse of those who were removed from their home countries to avoid sexual abuse and violence. It suggests that the exceptions in the regulations that allow a child to remain in the new country with the primary caregiver are being ignored.
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Khodyakova, N. V., A. I. Mitin, and O. A. Ulyanina. "Psychological Aspects of Designing the Education Process of Law Enforcement Personnel with their Subjective Position in Mind." Psychology and Law 11, no. 1 (2021): 195–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2021110115.
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The article justifies the necessity for studying and taking into account the subjective positions of law enforcement officers in designing their education. This is accomplished using skill- and personality-based approaches. The author's typology of such subjective positions is given. Psychological and educational risks of maladjustment in the process of professional and personal development are discussed along with the special psychological and educational counselling that are needed to handle them. The results of research are given, revealing average and absolute proportions of groups of students of the Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia who were mapped to the four subjective positions that have been singled out. 422 respondents took part in the research, which was questionnaire based. Checking the obtained data with the contingency table and Pearson's chi-squared test confirmed the hypothesis of a relationship between the student's subjective position and the lecturer's role he/she needs. On the whole, the singled out learners' positions and the lecturers' roles are mutually correlated (at a 0.01 significance level 0,21≤r≤0,76). Basing on the theoretical analysis and the empirical data obtained we formulated methodological principles for designing of departmental education systems.
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Rusilanti, Rusilanti, Clara Meliyanti Kusharto, and Ekawati S. Wahyuni. "ASPEK PSIKOSOSIAL, AKTIVITAS FISIK, DAN KONSUMSI MAKANAN LANSIA DI MASYRAKAT." Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan 1, no. 2 (July 16, 2007): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2006.1.2.1-7.
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 12.6pt .0001pt 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">This research attempts to analyze psychosocial aspect, physical activity, and food consumption of the elderly living in the community dwelling. Research locations were chosen purposively in three </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">POSBINDU (The Services Post for Elderly) located at areal of Bogor City, namely: Kelurahan Budi Agung (represents city-high income society), Kelurahan Baranangsiang (city-moderate to low society), and Kelurahan Situ Gede (boundary between city to rural-low income society). A simple random sampling was applied to select the subjects. One hundred ninety-seven (197) subjects aged range 60-85 years old (mean age 68.4 years) were selected in those places and completed the survey between August 2004-July 2006. A cross –sectional design and one point approach was followed (Si</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">ngarimbun & Effendi, 1995). A<strong> </strong></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">structured questionnaire was developed to collect data about psychological aspects (family and community support; health behavior; level of depression; life satisfaction), and food consumption limited to some nutrients essensial for elderly. For physical activity assessment, each subject rated his/her capacity involved in housekeeping. A descriptive, Chi Square, One Way ANOVA and Tuckey tests were applied to analyze the data. The research results showed that there is no significance difference among elderly in three sites in terms of psychological aspect. However, there are significance differences in health behavior and physical activity. The worst health behavior and physical activity conditions were found among elderly in </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">Kelurahan Situ Gede caused by the social-economic differences. In terms of food consumption aspects, the significance differences exist in intake of vitamin A, vitamin B, and calcium among the subjects.</span></p>
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Dalal, Dhaval, Kamalpriya Thiyagarajan, Humeshwari Nipane, and Vijaykumar Gawali. "A single-center study on impact of psychological intervention to acclimatize medical staffs who are serving COVID-19 disease patients, to continue hospital activities without any disruption." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 6 (May 25, 2021): 3048. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20212013.
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Background: COVID-19 has brought psychological disorders that affect health care workers and the general public. Hence it is important to have necessary counselling to address the psychological, social aspects of the pandemic to ensure psychological well-being of especially Health-care Workers and preserve their innate and acquired immunity.Methods: The study was planned as single centre retrospective study and conducted between April and June 2020 at dedicated COVID-19 hospital in India. Front-line HCWs more than 18 years, of any gender working in COVID-19 hospital and willing to participate for the study were enrolled in the study. Study included two questionnaires, generalized anxiety disorder scale, and socio-demographics and COVID-19 related awareness questionnaire. Measurements were taken pre and post the psychological counselling intervention.Results: As per generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) scale people suffering from moderate anxiety disorder dropped from 19% (pre counselling) to 5% (post counselling) and severe cases dropped from 14% (pre counseling) to 2% (post counseling), there was statistically significant difference observed due to psychological intervention in GAD scale (Chi square test-10.794, p value=3.67E-27). Socio demographics and COVID-19 related awareness questionnaire results were statistically significant (Chi square test-11.945, p value=6.91E-33).Conclusions: Counselling interventions based on scientific data offered in groups by investigator with an accurate knowledge of the COVID-19 and its manifestation increased the confidence of health care workers (HCWs) and reduced anxiety level. This was translated into the full availability of HCWs on the clinical study site, although medical services were disrupted while other hospitals were starving due to lack of staff.
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Tye, Sue K., Geetha Kandavello, and Kah L. Gan. "Types of social supports predicting health-related quality of life among adult patients with CHD in the Institut Jantung Negara (National Heart Institute), Malaysia." Cardiology in the Young 27, no. 1 (February 25, 2016): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951116000068.
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AbstractObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to examine which types of social supports – emotional/informational support, tangible support, affectionate support, and positive interactions – are the predictors of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adult patients with CHD and to assess the influence of demographic variables and clinical factors on these variables.MethodsIn total, 205 adult patients with CHD from the National Heart Institute, Malaysia, were recruited. Patients were first screened by cardiology consultants to ensure they fit the inclusion criteria before filling in questionnaires, which were medical outcome studies – social support survey and AQoL-8D.Results/conclusionsAll social supports and their subscales were found to have mild-to-moderate significant relationships with physical dimension, psychological dimension, and overall HRQoL; however, only positive interaction, marital status, and types of diagnosis were reported as predictors of HRQoL. Surprisingly, with regard to the physical dimension of quality of life, social supports were not significant predictors, but educational level, marital status, and types of diagnosis were significant predictors. Positive interaction, affectionate support, marital status, and types of diagnosis were again found to be predictors in the aspects of the psychological dimension of quality of life. In conclusion, positive interaction and affectionate support, which include elements of fun, relaxation, love, and care, should be included in the care of adult patients with CHD.
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Kamphoff, Cindra S., J. Jordan Hamson-Utley, Beth Antoine, Rebecca Knutson, Jeffrey Thomae, and Catherine Hoenig. "Athletic Training Students' Perceptions of and Academic Preparation in the Use of Psychological Skills in Sport Injury Rehabilitation." Athletic Training Education Journal 5, no. 3 (July 1, 2010): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1947-380x-5.3.109.
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Context: Injured athletes rely on athletic trainers to assist them when recovering from injury. Over the last 20 years, the use of psychological skills to speed recovery has become increasingly popular. Objective: Explore athletic training students' perceptions of the importance and effectiveness of psychological skills in the rehabilitation of sport injury as well as their academic preparation in their use, and examine the differences in perceived effectiveness for those with and without formal training in the skill. Design: Survey. Setting: Athletic training students enrolled in CAATE-accredited athletic training programs. Participants: 180 athletic training students (males, n = 76; females, n = 104) from nine universities. Data Collection & Analysis: The survey included 15 questions from the Attitudes About Imagery (AAI) survey and a demographic section including questions about their educational preparation, use of, and interest in psychological skills training. Two chi-square analyses, two ANOVAs, and a MANOVA were computed to investigate differences in athletic training students' educational preparation, use of, and interest in psychological skills training. Results: While athletic training students agreed that it is important to treat the psychological aspects of injury (mean = 4.47 out of 5), only 50.6% reported that they had taken a course in sport psychology or psychological skills training. No differences in the perception of effectiveness were found between students that reported formal training in psychological skills compared to those that did not (χ24,176= 7.48, P = .11). Overall, the ratings of the effectiveness of psychological skills were positive as indicated by mean AAI scores between 4.31 to 6.17. Conclusions: We found positive perceptions of psychological skills. However, the students' mean AAI scores were generally lower than previously surveyed athletic trainers and physical therapists.
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Pawlaczyk, Natalia Anna, Jakub Słupczewski, Marta Szymańska, Magdalena Szmytke, Bibianna Bałaj, and Ludmiła Zając-Lamparska. "NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF SUBJECTIVE COGNITIVE COMPLAINTS OF THE OLDER ADULTS." Acta Neuropsychologica 19, no. 2 (March 14, 2021): 259–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.9955.
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Subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) are defined as belief of the decline of a cognitive condition compared with an earlier period of functioning. Many studies have shown the relationship between SCCs with objective neuropsychological results as well its dependency on psychological characteristics. Considering the complex nature of SCCs, this study tested the relationship between SCCs reported in the attention domain with the results obtained in neuropsychological attention tasks, as well as with psychological cha racteristics and among complaints reported in various domains of functioning. Sixty participants over 60 years of age took part in the study. Subjects were tested for the intensity of SCCs in everyday func tioning, psychological characteristics (mood; anxiety, state and trait; and personality traits) and various aspects of attention domain (switching, divided, and focus). The SCC intensity reported in various areas of functioning was associated with each other as well as with psychological characteristics (personality traits, anxiety, and mood/depression). There were no significant relations between the SCC intensity reported in the attention domain and the outcomes obtained in neuropsychological attention tasks. Our results showed that the intensity of SCCs may be a result of subjects’ psychological characteristics and that the tendency to report complaints in various spheres of functioning simultaneously may be observed. It seems to be important to consider that SCCs are related to several psychological factors when it is included in a cognitive diagnosis and treated as a direct indicator of a cognitive condition.
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Strache, Carolyn Vos, Alana Strong, and Cheree Peterson. "The Female Physique: Motives Guiding Self-Evaluation." Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 13, no. 2 (October 2004): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.13.2.5.
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The omnipresent physical self remains for young adult females a significant measure of self-worth. Therefore, it comes as no surprise that coping strategies are as complex as they are pervasive as young women strive to maintain positive psychological outlooks despite negatively-perceived physical attributes. Self-presentational concerns may affect one’s activity choice.This study expands on the work of Taylor, Neter, and Wayment (1995) to determine which motives guide the self-evaluation processes of the physical self. An examination of structured interviews identifies which motives direct women in the self-evaluation of their bodies, and concurrently examines whether different motives determine individual response when appraising a “good” versus “not good” physical aspect. Motives, as defined by Taylor et al. (1995), were self-enhancement, self-verification, self-improvement and self-assessment. Interviews were conducted with 30 female, Southern California, undergraduate college students from Southern California, ranging in age from 19-22.A chi-square analysis revealed that women employed different motives in “good” versus “not good” body aspect comparisons (Enhancement: X2 = 21.78 p< .01; Verification: X2 = 10.05 p< .01; Improvement: X2 = 5.15 p< .05). When describing a “good” aspect, women employed the enhancement motive 92 percent of the time, verification 80 percent of the time, and improvement 15 percent of the time. For “not good” aspects, women used enhancement motive 53 percent of the time, verification 98 percent of the time, and improvement 33 percent of the time. Women used more than one motive 74 percent of the time and single motives only 26 percent of the time in the evaluation process. Direct quotes reveal that almost all the women sought out information about themselves when they thought it would reflect favorably. However, when they reported on a “not good” aspect, coping mechanisms included redirecting their attention to more positive characteristics or mentally cordoning off an area of weakness to prevent that attribute from permeating all aspects of their identity. Understanding how we think in the self-evaluation process may offer an explanation why some people are motivated to exercise and why others are not.
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Bose, Catarina Nahlén, Fredrik Saboonchi, Hans Persson, Gunilla Björling, and Magnus L. Elfström. "Adaptation of Coping Effectiveness Training for Patients With Heart Failure and Patient-Reported Experience of the Intervention." Journal of Patient Experience 7, no. 6 (April 2, 2020): 1054–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2374373520916012.
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Although patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) often experience psychological distress, psychosocial aspects are not an integral part of their treatment and care. The aim is to describe the adaptation of Coping Effectiveness Training for patients with CHF and the participants’ reported experiences. The intervention workbook and manual were translated into Swedish and adapted for patients with CHF. Patient-reported experience from 33 of 35 participants, that had completed the psychosocial intervention, was measured with an evaluation form consisting of closed and open-ended questions. Most participants thought they benefited from the intervention, were pleased with the structure and did not want to add anything to the program. The benefits experienced were learning how to cope with the illness and meeting other people to share and discuss experiences. There was a variation concerning the group process of how much direction should be given during the discussions. Overall, unique data from patient-reported experience measure showed that the participants were satisfied with the psychosocial intervention, applied for the first time to patients with CHF.
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Costa, Rafaelle Carolyne Santos, André Vilela Komatsu, Alana Batistuta Manzi De Oliveira, and Marina Rezende Bazon. "Psychological assessment in juvenile offenders: reliability and validity of Inventário de Jesness – revisado brasileiro." Psico 50, no. 3 (November 29, 2019): 32336. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1980-8623.2019.3.32336.
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The Inventário de Jesness – revisado brasileiro (IJ-R-Br) assess psychological aspects of adolescent offenders. The objective of this study was to obtain evidence of reliability and criterion validity of two IJ-R-Br’s subscales. The responses of 928 male adolescents to the IJ-R-Br and the Questionário de Comportamento Juvenis (QCJ) were analyzed. Reliability was calculated by Cronbach’s alpha and Spearman- Brown coefficient. The criterion validity, through the Student’s t-test, of chi-squared and relative risk analysis, was used to verify the association between high scores on measures and high indicators of infractional engagement (measured by QCJ). The accuracy scores were unsatisfactory only for three of 12 Inventory scales. Regarding the criterion validity, there are more adolescents with high indicators of infractional engagement in the group with high scores. It is opportune to conduct research with a population of teenage offenders.
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Nguyen Thi Van, Thanh. "Research of personality features of high school students being bullied in Hochiminh city." Journal of Science Educational Science 65, no. 9 (September 2020): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18173/2354-1075.2020-0096.
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Bullying is a prominent issue and has been increasingly concerned in recent years. There is some evidence that mental health problems in bullied children who are are not necessarily the result of bullying but may be a process of mental health problems. This research studies the personality of bullied students at school in aspects of clinical psychology, thereby investigating mental health problems under the dominant clinical psychological characteristics of the bullied school students. 34 high school bullied students are examined by using MMPI-A, BDI-SF. and a clinical interview. A typical personality feature of high school students being bullied is depression. Their depression has typical symptoms, such as somatic symptoms, social avoidance\discomfort, alienation, and low aspiration. Their depression includes subjective depression and psychomotor retardation and physical malfunctioning and mental dullness and brooding. Moreover, the high school students being bullied are living with anxiety, suspicion, prosecuted ideas. However, this research only focuses on bullied students who were bullied faceto-face.
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Artigas, Nathalie Ribeiro, Vera Lúcia Widniczck Striebel, Arlete Hilbig, and Carlos Roberto de Mello Rieder. "Evaluation of quality of life and psychological aspects of Parkinson's disease patients who participate in a support group." Dementia & Neuropsychologia 9, no. 3 (September 2015): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642015dn93000013.
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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that can dramatically impair patient quality of life (QoL). Objective: To analyze the QoL, motor capacity, depression, anxiety and social phobia of individuals who attended a patient support group (PSG) compared to non-participants. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. The sample consisted of 20 individuals with PD who attended a PSG and another 20 PD patients who did not attend a support group for PD patients, serving as the control group (nPSG). All patients answered questionnaires on motor capacity (UPDRS), QoL (Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire- PDQ-39), depression (Beck Depression Inventory), anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory) and social phobia (Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale). To determine data distribution, the Shapiro-Wilk test was performed. For comparison of means, Student's t-test was applied. In cases of asymmetry, the Mann-Whitney test was employed. To assess the association between the scales, Pearson's correlation coefficient (symmetric distribution) and Spearman's coefficient (asymmetric distribution) were applied. For the association between qualitative variables, Pearson's Chi-squared test was performed. A significance level of 5% (p≤0.05) was adopted. Results: Individuals in the PSG had a significantly better QoL (p=0.002), and lower depression (p=0.026), anxiety (p<0.001) and social phobia (p=0.01) scores compared to the nPSG. Conclusion: The participation of PD patients in social activities such as support groups is associated with better QoL and fewer symptoms of depression, anxiety and social phobia.
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Ríos Garit, Jesús, Yanet Pérez Surita, Aurelio Olmedilla Zafra, and Verónica Gómez-Espejo. "Psicología y lesiones deportivas: Un estudio en lanzadores de beisbol." Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 102–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/cpd.416351.
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Las lesiones constituyen uno de los principales problemas en el deporte debido a las repercusiones negativas sobre la salud y el rendimiento del deportista. Su etiología multifactorial requiere que sean abordadas también desde lo psicológico para comprender su comportamiento de manera integral y lograr mayores impactos en su prevención. La presente investigación se realizó con los lanzadores de béisbol de primera categoría de la provincia de Villa Clara, Cuba, con el propósito de determinar la relación entre las variables psicológicas asociadas al rendimiento del deportista y las lesiones. Se estudiaron un total de 48 lanzadores constituyendo una población heterogénea, integrada por deportistas noveles y de mayor experiencia competitiva. Se aplicó el Cuestionario de Aspectos Deportivos y Lesiones, el Inventario de Ansiedad Rasgo-Estado, el Inventario de Ansiedad Estado en Competición y el Inventario Psicológico de Ejecución Deportiva. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que los lanzadores estudiados presentan una baja percepción de la relación entre variables psicológicas y lesiones, constatando además que en la competición aparecen más lesiones que en los entrenamientos y que los deportistas con antecedentes de lesiones presentan diferencias significativas en el estado de determinadas variables psicológicas en comparación con los lanzadores que no se han lesionado. Estas diferencias se observan en la ansiedad estado en competición, la autoconfianza, el control del afrontamiento negativo, el control de la atención y el control visual e imaginativo. Injuries are one of the main problems in sport due to the negative impact on the health and performance of the athlete. Their multi-causal etiology requires that they also be approached from the psychological to understand their behavior in an integral way and achieve greater impacts in its prevention. The present investigation was carried out with the first category Baseball pitchers of the province of Villa Clara, Cuba, with the purpose of determining the relationship between the psychological variables associated with the athlete's performance and the injuries. A total of 48 pitchers were studied, constituting a heterogeneous population, made up of new athletes with greater competitive experience. The Sports Aspects and Injuries Questionnaire, the Trait-State Anxiety Inventory, the Competing State Anxiety Inventory and the Psychological Inventory of Sports Execution were applied. The results obtained show that the pitchers studied have a low perception of the relationship between psychological variables and injuries, also confirming that in the competition there are more injuries than in training. In addition, the results are displaying that athletes with a history of injuries and within these, the ones that most injuries have suffered, present significant differences in the status of certain psychological variables compared to pitchers who have not been injured. This difference can be observed in competition state anxiety, self-confidence, negative coping control, attention control, and visual and imaginative control. Le lesioni sono uno dei principali problemi negli sport a causa dell'impatto negativo sulla salute e sulle prestazioni dell'atleta. La loro eziologia multifattoriale richiede che vengano affrontati anche dal punto di vista psicologico per comprendere il loro comportamento in modo integrale e ottenere maggiori impatti nella sua prevenzione. La presente indagine è stata condotta con i lanciatori di baseball di prima categoria della provincia di Villa Clara con lo scopo di determinare la relazione tra le variabili psicologiche associate alla prestazione dell'atleta e le lesioni. Sono stati studiati un totale di 48 lanciatori, costituendo una popolazione eterogenea, composta da nuovi atleti con una maggiore esperienza competitiva. Sono stati applicati il questionario sugli aspetti sportivi e sugli infortuni, l'inventario dell'ansia trait-state, l'inventario dell'ansia di stato in competizione e l'inventario psicologico dell'esecuzione sportiva. I risultati ottenuti mostrano che i lanciatori studiati hanno una bassa percezione del rapporto tra variabili psicologiche e infortuni, confermando anche che nella competizione ci sono più infortuni che in allenamento e che gli atleti con una storia di infortuni e al loro interno, quelli che più le lesioni hanno sofferto, presentano differenze significative nello stato di alcune variabili psicologiche rispetto ai lanciatori che non sono stati feriti. Questa differenza può essere osservata in variabili come; l'ansia era in competizione, la fiducia in se stessi, il controllo del coping negativo, il controllo dell'attenzione e il controllo visivo e immaginativo. As lesões são um dos principais problemas do esporte devido ao impacto negativo na saúde e no desempenho do atleta. Sua etiologia multifatorial exige que eles também sejam abordados do ponto de vista psicológico para entender seu comportamento de maneira integral e obter maiores impactos em sua prevenção. A presente investigação foi realizada com a primeira categoria de lançadores de basebol da província de Villa Clara, Cuba, com o objetivo de determinar a relação entre as variáveis psicológicas associadas ao desempenho do atleta e as lesões. Foram estudados 48 lançadores, constituindo uma população heterogênea, composta por novos atletas com maior experiência competitiva. Foram aplicados o Questionário de Aspectos e Lesões Esportivas, o Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado, o Inventário de Ansiedade Estado Competente e o Inventário Psicológico de Execução Esportiva. Os resultados obtidos mostram que os lançadores estudados têm uma baixa percepção da relação entre variáveis psicológicas e lesões, confirmando também que na competição há mais lesões do que nos treinos e que atletas com histórico de lesões e dentro delas, as que mais lesões sofridas apresentam diferenças significativas no status de certas variáveis psicológicas em comparação com lançadores que não foram feridos. Essa diferença pode ser observada na ansiedade do estado de competição, autoconfiança, controle negativo de enfrentamento, controle da atenção e controle visual e imaginativo.
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Fedak, B. "Mental disturbances in patients with acute medical condition." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1370.
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Contemporary remains understudied health issue - the psychological aspect of the acute therapeutic diseases problem. Among the most common diseases - coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI), crisis states in patients with arterial hypertension (AH), transient ischemic attack (TIA) and acute stroke (AS), gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer (GU&DU). Clinical features of the structure, dynamics, current and immediate link with the medical conditions is not fully understood. The basis of our research, the purpose of which, was to identify mental disturbances in patients with acute therapeutic diseases. One hundred and eighty-seven patients were examined, 34 CHD patients, 37–MI, 38 - TIA, 39–AH, 39 - GU&DU, 65% male and 35% female aged 20 to 60 years. The main research method was clinical and psychopathological. A high-level affective and neurotic disorders in these patients was observed. Structured analysis allowed identifying four main options disturbances: nosogenic neurotic reaction–68 patients; somatogenic asthenic syndrome–46 patients; reaction psychological maladjustment–34 patients; acute stress reactions–39 patients. Stratification of structure psychopathological syndroms allowed systematizing them in 4 different groups: asthenic–24%; anxiety - 46%; subdepressive - 11%; somatoform - 19%. That was the basis for the determination early psychotherapeutic correction program, formed by integrative model. The high efficacy was shown in 74% patients, middle range–in 15%, low–in 11% patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Leite, Werlayne. "THE INFLUENCE OF THE FIRST GOAL ON THE FINAL RESULT OF THE FOOTBALL MATCH." Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences 3, no. 98 (2015): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v3i98.91.
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Background. Among many technical and tactical aspects of the behaviour of players, the goals are the most studied. The goal is the key to success for teams and its analysis in all matches of a major football tournament that allows multiple assessments. Methods. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of the first goal on the final result of the football match, identifying the team that scored the first goal and the final result obtained by this team: winning, drawing or losing, and subsequently, to relate the obtained results to physical, technical, tactical and psychological performance. We analyzed all the matches of the last 5 editions of the 6 major football tournaments (national teams) in the world: FIFA World Cup, UEFA Euro, CONMEBOL America Cup, AFC Asian Cup, CAF Africa Cup of Nations, and FIFA Confederations Cup (n = 996). The data were obtained from the database on the websites of the official federations, through overviews of the official matches. Quantitative data were collected in relation to the time that the goals were scored in the course of the matches. The statistical analysis of the results was conducted using the non parametric chi-square test. Results. According to the results, the team that scored the first goal in these last tournaments presented a high probability of winning (the average of 71.17% in the 6 tournaments). Conclusion. Thus, the high probability of victory in favour of the team that scores the first goal in the match of football is linked to the physical, technical, tactical and mainly the psychological aspects.
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Bazdar, Elham, Bonnie Bozorg, Fatemeh Ayoobi, Hamid Owliae, and Reza Bidaki. "Correlation Between Suicide Attempts and a History of Childhood Abuse in Adults Referring to the Toxicity Emergency Units of Yazd City, Iran." Hospital Practices and Research 5, no. 1 (March 13, 2020): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/hpr.2020.05.
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Background: Child abuse is defined as any act or omission which causes physical or psychological harassment and lasting effects on children. Injuries resulting from child abuse are widespread, and this trauma can lead to psychological problems in adulthood. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between a history of child abuse and suicide attempts. Methods: In this case-control and retrospective study, patients admitted in 2016 to the toxicity emergency center in Yazd city, Iran, with symptoms of attempted suicide and patients of other conditions were recruited. Participants in the control and case groups were matched for age, gender, marital status, and place of residence. Each patient was given a questionnaire to collect information on demographics, history of suicide attempt or suicide in other members of the family, and history of child abuse (self-report scale) which investigated five aspects of childhood abuse (sexual, physical, neglect, lack of nutrition, and emotional neglect). Results: The chi-square test and t test were used in the analysis. Mean severity rates of physical, sexual, neglect, nutrition, and emotional child abuse were 8.49, 6.42, 10.4, 6.43, and 9.62, respectively, for the case group and 7.89, 5.52, 7.88, 5.92, and 8.52, respectively, for the control group. Conclusion: Statistical analysis revealed that except for nutritional abuse cases, the incidence rates of all other aspects of child abuse were significantly higher among cases than in the control group. The results of this study showed that a history of child abuse, especially sexual and emotional types, are correlated with the incidence of attempted suicide.
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Alomar, Muaed Jamal, Amal Mohamed Abdi, Sumaiya Zaman, Hanadi Mohamed Abdi, and Ma Francheska Quicho. "IMPACT OF LIFESTYLE ON THE OCCURRENCE OF ANXIETY AMONGST THE RESIDENTS OF UNITED ARAB EMIRATES." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 2 (February 1, 2018): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i2.21241.
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Objective: To investigate the effect of lifestyle on the occurrence of anxiety. Also, to study the determinants of the severity of anxiety.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out on 100 randomly selected participants.Results: Many factors were taken into consideration in this study including gender, age, occupational status, marital status, eating habits, physical activity, psychological stress, sleep patterns, medications and smoking habits. Subanalysis of some of the results showed a statistical significance of different aspects of lifestyle affecting levels of anxiety. According to the results found, the lifestyle factors that have significance in the severity of anxiety are psychological stress, exercising, and regularity of exercising (Pearson’s Chi-Square test: P<0.001, Pearson’s R: P=0.027, Spearman Correlation: P=0.045 respectively). About 50% of participants that stated they have some kind of psychological stress fell within the range of severe to very severe anxiety. The majority of those who exercise (39%) fall in the normal range of anxiety, and the majority of those who do not exercise (34%) are in the very severe anxiety range. Among the 14 participants that stated they exercise every day, 46% of them were in the normal range of anxiety while none of them was in the very-severe range. Also, those who exercise a few times a month are ranged more in the severe anxiety level than those who exercise every day.Conclusion: Certain lifestyle factors affect the levels of anxiety in various ways. This research clearly identified that a significant percentage of people who have any sort of psychological stress and do not exercise regularly are at a higher risk of developing or deteriorating anxiety.
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Qurniyawati, Eny, and Riska Ratnawati. "Penyapihan Dini, Toilet Training dan Pola Asuh serta Pengaruhnya pada Temper Tantrum." Jurnal Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia 15, no. 1 (March 7, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jpki.15.1.31-35.
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Background: Child development includes physical, psychological and social aspects. The imbalance stimulation provided by parents could develop temper tantrum of child as a form of emotional explosion. The influence factors of tantrum among children are early weaning, improper toilet training, and the way of parenting in tantrum. This study aims to examine factors influence on temper tantrum among pre-school children. Method: This is descriptive analytical study with case control design. The number of case sample which selected from mothers who have tantrum pre-school child was 42 mothers and 42 control sample were also selected from mothers who have no tantrum child. Data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate (Chi-Square) and multivariate using logistic regression to examine the most influenced factors.Results: The study shows that early weaning, toilet training and parenting method were significantly influence on temper tantrum of pre-school children. The most influential variable was the parenting method with OR 9,09 and p-value 0,021. It means negative parenting method 9 times higher influence on tantrum temper behavior among children compared to positive parenting method. It is suggested that parenting method should emphasize more in educative and discipline including responsibility aspects.
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GREBENNIKOVA, V. M., N. I. NIKITINA, and N. Yu PADYLIN. "SOME ASPECTS OF SOCIAL AND PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF FAMILY EDUCATION OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD) IN A SPECIALIZED CENTER." Historical and social-educational ideas 10, no. 3/2 (August 4, 2018): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2018-10-3/2-83-94.
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The family is the main environment of life of the child with ADHD, the determining factor of formation (development) of his personality, the main determining factor of his future, further activity. The article States that the family education of chi ldren of preschool age with ADHD needs highly qualified (highly professional) socio-pedagogical support of a multifunctional team of specialists. The specialized (multi-profile) psychological, medical and pedagogical center employs specialists of different profiles, whose combined efforts will contribute to and provide the choice of the optimal option of socio-pedagogical support for the family education of a particular child. In the professional activity of the staff of a specialized (multi-profile) center in the field of personal and business interaction with parents of a child with ADHD laid a huge (psychological, pedagogical, social, medical, sociopedagogical, socio-cultural) potential for the implementation of technology of socio-pedagogical support of family education of preschool children with ADHD. The authors argue that the implementation of the technology of socio-pedagogical support of family education of older preschoolers with ADHD will be effective if: the basis of the process of socio-pedagogical support of family education of older preschoolers with ADHD laid individuallyoriented, differentiated, system-integrated approaches; the content of social and pedagogical support of family education of senior preschool children with ADHD includes specialized work of the Center staff (teachers, psychologists, physicians, defectologists, specialists of physical therapy) in the field of formation of parents an adequate understanding of the situation of personal development of their child, awareness of the prospects of its further socialization; the technology of the considered support is implemented taking into account the specifics of the life situation of a particular family and child, all its nuances; integration of efforts of specialists of various profile of the Center in the field of diagnostics, forecasting, realization of the chosen option of social and pedagogical support of family education of the child is provided. The materials of the article can be used in the activities of psychological and pedagogical services of educational institutions of different types and centers of development of children, as well as in the course of training of psychologists, teachers on the problem of socio- pedagogical support of family education of preschool children with ADHD.
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Hamson-Utley, Jennifer-Jordan, and Jennifer L. Stiller-Ostrowski. "Athletic Training Educators' Instructional Methods and Confidence in Graduating Students' Abilities Regarding Psychosocial Intervention and Referral." Athletic Training Education Journal 6, no. 3 (July 1, 2011): 154–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1947-380x-6.3.154.
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Context: Graduating athletic training students must consider both physical and mental aspects of injury to fully rehabilitate the injured athlete; however, programs may not be preparing students to apply psychosocial strategies that can improve the recovery process. Objective: To examine Psychosocial Intervention and Referral (PIR) content area curricular methods (instruction and assessment) and the confidence of program directors (PDs) in a graduating student's ability to utilize psychological interventions. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: An Internet e-survey gathered information from 128 undergraduate PDs. Patients or Other Participants: 128 undergraduate professional education PDs; response rate 38.3% (128/334) Data Collection and Analysis: E-survey variables included educational background (accredited program or internship) and years of PD service, courses, instruction and assessment methods, program demographics (10), content area emphasis rank, and PD's confidence in graduating students' PIR abilities (0–10 scale). Chi-square and odds ratio analyses were employed. Results: PIR content area received the lowest instructional emphasis rank overall (n = 69; M = 6.80 [2.34]). Competencies that focus on applying psychological interventions with patients were most often instructed through lectures and/or discussions (72.6%) and assessed through written tests (52.3%). Significant Pearson chi-square tests (P < .05) showed that confident PDs (rating of 7 to 10) were more likely to use role-playing to instruct and practical exams to assess student learning. Odds ratio analyses found significantly higher odds of confidence in PDs who used practical assessment methods (1.12 to 25.11). Conclusion: The results suggest that the use of hands-on instructional and assessment techniques will increase a PD's confidence in a student's psychosocial intervention abilities. Implications for effective pedagogical methodology are discussed.
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Mousavi, Seyedeh Maryam, Reza Shabahang, and Naema Khodadadi-Hassankiadeh. "The Effects of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Biofeedback on Chronic Psychosomatic Low Back Pain." Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences 5, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/cjns.5.18.118.
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Background: Mental processes can make the pain and quality of life of women with chronic psychosomatic low back pain better or worse. acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and biofeedback have on some psychosomatic disorder. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ACT and biofeedback on severity and duration of pain and quality of life among women with chronic psychosomatic low back pain. Materials & Methods: This three-group Pre-test and post-test controlled quasi-experimental study was conducted from September 2016 to June 2017. Thirty women with chronic psychosomatic low back pain were conveniently recruited from Rasht pain clinic, Rasht, Iran, and randomly allocated to three ten-person groups including ACT, biofeedback, and control groups. Data were collected before and after the study intervention using the McGill Pain Questionnaire and the short version of the World Health Organization quality of life (QOL) survey. Data analysis was performed using the one-way analysis of variance as well as the Chi-square, the paired-sample Test, and post-hoc Scheffe Tests. Results: Both ACT and biofeedback interventions significantly and similarly reduce severity and duration of pain and improve the quality of life. ACT had significant effects on the psychological, social, and environmental health domains of quality of life, while biofeedback had significant effects only on the physical health domain. Conclusion: ACT and biofeedback are effective on psychosomatic low back pain. Unlike the ACT, biofeedback has significant effect on the physical health aspect of QOL and it has no effects on the other aspects of QOL.
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Sedliacikova, Mariana, Maria Moresova, Patrik Alac, and Josef Drabek. "How Do Behavioral Aspects Affect the Financial Decisions of Managers and the Competitiveness of Enterprises?" Journal of Competitiveness 13, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.7441/joc.2021.02.06.
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Decisions of financial managers can improve the competitiveness of the enterprise. Decisions are affected not only by knowledge and experience but also by emotional and cognitive deviations in behavior. Considering the role of competitiveness, this paper investigated whether an effect of behavioral factors on the financial decision-making of managers can be shown, and if so, to what degree. The aim of the paper is to propose a concept, the essence of which is to determine the key systematically-occurring errors in the financial decision-making process of managers rising from the effect of the human factor as a basis of prevention of incorrect financial decisions. The issue was mapped in the territory of the Visegrad Four (V4) by means of an empirical survey by the method of a questionnaire. By evaluating the research, the methodology of statistical hypotheses testing by measures of association was used (contingency coefficients - Cramer’s contingency coefficient V and Pearson’s contingency coefficient C) and Pearson’s chi-square test. The results of the research allow the formulation of conclusions that expand current knowledge in the field of research. The main results of the conducted research are that the key behavioral aspects (cognitive, psychological and emotional) that influence the financial decision-making process of business managers in the V4 countries are love, sadness and hate. A concept was created from the achieved results, the application of which in the enterprises of the V4 countries can help managers avoid making improper financial decisions which could have a negative impact on the financial health and competitiveness of an enterprise.
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Nizov, A. A., V. N. Abrosimov, Anna N. Vyunova, and I. B. Ponomareva. "Evaluation of the quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in combination with cardiovascular disease." Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal) 95, no. 7 (August 4, 2017): 629–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0023-2149-2017-95-629-633.
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This article reports the results of evaluation of the quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its combination with coronary heart disease (CHD) or essential hypertension (HD) based on the SF-36 questionnaire designed for the non-specific assessment of the patient's quality of life and widely used in clinical studies to characterize theirgeneral well-being and the degree of satisfaction with those aspects of human activity that affect health. SF-36 consists of 36 questions, grouped into eight scales: physical functioning, role-playing activity, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, emotional well-being and mental health. The scales are combined in such a way that the higher the value (from 0 to 100) the better results of evaluation based on a given scale. They were used to derive two parameters characterizing psychological and physical components of health.
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Martins, Bianca G., João Marôco, Mauro V. G. Barros, and Juliana A. D. B. Campos. "Lifestyle choices of Brazilian college students." PeerJ 8 (October 7, 2020): e9830. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9830.
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Background Lifestyle choices reflect the beliefs that individuals attribute to aspects of life. This construct can be assessed with the Individual Lifestyle Profile (PEVI) questionnaire, which measures elements of Nutrition, Physical Activity, Preventive Behaviors, Social Relationships and Stress Management. Objective The objective of this study was to estimate the psychometric properties of the PEVI applied to a sample of Brazilian university students, identifying the prevalence of each lifestyle component according to participants’ age, sex, weight status, course area/field and economic stratum and to estimate the contribution of these characteristics on physical and psychological lifestyle. Methods The PEVI data was analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis, using the indexes chi-square per degrees of freedom ratio (χ2/df), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA). First-order and second-order models (physical and psychological lifestyle) were tested. Prevalences of lifestyle components were calculated and compared by participants’ age, sex, weight status, course area/field and economic stratum. A hypothetical causal structural model was elaborated to investigate the impact of sample characteristics on physical and psychological lifestyles. This model was evaluated considering the global fit to the data (χ2/df, CFI, TLI and RMSEA) and the hypothetical causal trajectories (β) (α = 5%). Results A sample of 1,303 students was used. The mean age was 20.9 (standard deviation = 2.8) years, 66.8% of participants were females, 63.4% had weights in the normal range and 73.7% were students of the social and exact sciences. The PEVI data showed an adequate fit for both the first- (χ2/df = 2.03, CFI = 0.98; TLI = 0.97; RMSEA = 0.04) and second-order (χ2/df = 2.25; CFI = 0.97; TLI = 0.97; RMSEA = 0.04) models. There was a higher prevalence of unfavorable physical and psychological lifestyle choices among females, among underweight and obese individuals, in older students and in those with lower economic strata. Moreover, negative behaviors in physical lifestyle were more prevalent in students from human/social/exact sciences and worse psychological lifestyle was observed among health sciences students. These results were confirmed by a structural model. Conclusion The PEVI data presented validity and reliability. Negative lifestyle choices had high prevalence among students. Moreover, individual characteristics had different impact on physical and psychological lifestyle choices.
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Gobel, Sri Yunanci, and R. Dwi Budiningsari. "Menu pilihan diit nasi yang disajikan berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kepuasan pasien VIP di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara." Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia 7, no. 3 (March 1, 2011): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.17755.
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Background: The provision of foods in hospitals often becomes a public concern, particularly in relation to patient satisfaction. This may be due to not only the psychological effect of sick ill people but also because foods as output of food provision does not often give satisfaction to the patient.Objective: To find out the effect of rice diet selective menu to satisfaction of VIP inpatients at local hospital of the Province of Sulawesi Tenggara.Method: A cross sectional study was conducted. Population of the study were VIP inpatiens; samples were patients that fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria in September-December 2008. Samples were purposively taken. Data analysis used bivariate with chi square and multivariate with logistic regression test.Result: Out of 49 patients that got selected menu and standard menu in aspect of food appearance as many as 45 (91.8%) were satisfied in selected menu and 31 (63.3%) were satisfied in standard menu; in aspect of food taste 44 (89.8%) were satisfied in selected menu and 23 (46.9%) were satisfied in standard menu; in aspect of food serving 47 (95.9%) were satisfied in selected menu and 40 (81.6%) were satisfied in standard menu.Conclusion: In aspect of appearance, color, shape and portion of foods significantly affected patient satisfaction whereas texture did not affect patient satisfaction. In aspect of taste, all variables affected patient satisfaction. In aspect of food serving all variables did not affect patient satisfaction.
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Ribas, Ketlin Helenise dos Santos, Valdenilson Ribeiro Ribas, Silano Souto Mendes Barros, Valéria Ribeiro Ribas, Maria da Glória Nogueira Filizola, Renata de Melo Guerra Ribas, Paulo César da Silva, Carlos Augusto Cardoso Kucera, and Hugo André de Lima Martins. "The participation of Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMSs) in the perception of pain in patients with migraine: A psychological profile." Dementia & Neuropsychologia 12, no. 1 (March 2018): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642018dn12-010010.
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ABSTRACT Young's early maladaptive schemas questionnaire (YSQ-S3) is used to understand psychological aspects. Objective: EMSs were evaluated in patients with migraine. Methods: Sixty-five subjects were evaluated using the YSQ-S3 under standard conditions in a room with air conditioning at 22 ± 2°C. The subjects were stratified by morbidity (migraine), gender (male/female) and age (18-29 / 30-39 / 40-55). Controls (without migraine), n = 27 and patients (with migraine), n = 38, men (n = 19) and women (n = 46); participants aged 18-29 years, n = 34, aged 30-39 years, n = 14 and aged 40-55 years, n = 17. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, with p-values <0.05. Results were expressed as percentages in contingency tables. Results: There was a significant association between migraine and female gender (84.21%; p-value <0.05, Table 1), between hypervigilance and inhibition, and unrelenting standards (56.52%; p-value <0.0.014, Table 2) and female gender with migraine. Moreover, there was a significant association between hypervigilance and inhibition, and unrelenting standards (73.68%; p-value <0.0001) and self-punishment (84.21%; p-value <0.0001) in patients with migraine of both genders (Table 3). Conclusion: The individuals with migraine had a psychological profile of being overly demanding with themselves and others and self-punishing, where this was more frequent in women.
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Vilela, Thaís dos Reis, Rebeca de Souza e. Silva, Camila Garcia de Grandi, Marina Monzani da Rocha, and Neliana Buzi Figlie. "Emotional and Behavioral Problems in Children Living With Addicted Family Members: Prevention Challenges in an Underprivileged Suburban Community." Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto) 26, no. 64 (August 2016): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-43272664201610.
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Abstract Children living with substance abusers are more likely to experience negative outcomes. Our goal was to compare caregivers' reports on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and a socioeconomic and risk form of psychological aspects of children exposed to substance abuse assisted versus not assisted by a preventive intervention program in an underprivileged community. This observational intervention study was conducted with 66 caregivers of children who attended the program and 35 caregivers of children from the same community who did not attend. Ages ranged between six and 11 years old. Chi-square and logistic regression tests indicate that children exposed to substance abusers have more mental health problems than the general population and those who did not participate in the preventive intervention program presented worse outcomes, with higher rates of behavioral/emotional problems and exposure to risk situations. Results suggest that preventive actions might be helpful to promote the mental health of children at risk, validating the need for public policies and services.
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van Laake-Geelen, Charlotte C. M., Rob J. E. M. Smeets, Suzan P. A. B. Quadflieg, Jos Kleijnen, and Jeanine A. Verbunt. "The effect of exercise therapy combined with psychological therapy on physical activity and quality of life in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy: a systematic review." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 19, no. 3 (July 26, 2019): 433–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjpain-2019-0001.
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Abstract Background and aims Approximately 25% of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMII) develop painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN). PDN is known to affect both mental and physical wellbeing, resulting in anxiety, depression, low quality of life and physical disability. Pharmacological treatment of PDN aims at pain relief and is often ineffective and/or has many side effects. Rehabilitation treatment modalities that are designed to help the patient deal with PDN related complaints, are mostly focussed on either physical (e.g. exercise therapy) or psychological aspects (e.g. cognitive behavioural therapy, CBT). There is emerging evidence that PDN can be approached from a biopsychosocial perspective, in which physical and psychosocial aspects are integrated. From this biopsychosocial approach it is plausible that integrated treatment modalities such as acceptance commitment therapy (ACT) or exposure in vivo (EXP) could be effective in patients with PDN. The objective of this review was to provide an overview of the current evidence on the effects of rehabilitation treatments that combine exercise therapies with psychological therapies in order to improve physical activity (PA) and quality of life (QoL) in patients with PDN. Methods Systematic review of the current literature. EMBASE, MEDLINE, Medline In-Process citations and e-Pubs ahead-of-print, Pedro, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CENTRAL, PubMed and Google Scholar were searched. All studies on interventions combining exercise therapy with psychological interventions in patients with PDN, aged >18 years, were included. Outcome measures were PA, QoL. Results The search resulted in 1603 records after removing duplicates. After screening on titles and abstracts, 100 records remained. From these, not one study reported on interventions that combined exercise therapy with psychological interventions. Through a secondary hand search, a total of three reviews were identified that described a total of five studies regarding either physical or psychological interventions in patients with PDN. These studies reported moderate effects of (1) mindfulness meditation on QoL, (2) CBT on pain severity, (3) mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention on function, health-related QoL, pain catastrophizing and depression, (4) aerobic exercise on QoL and (5) Tai Chi on glucose control, balance, neuropathic symptoms, and some dimensions of QoL in patients with PDN. All studies were of a moderate quality, and results should be interpreted with caution. Conclusions Based on increasing knowledge in the domain of chronic pain, it could be assumed that integrated rehabilitation treatments for patients with PDN are beneficial. There is no literature to support this and more research should be done on integrated biopsychosocial interventions in patients with PDN. Implications This empty review highlights the importance that more research should be done on integrated biopsychosocial interventions in patients with PDN. Currently, our research group is performing a study on the effects of EXP treatment in patients with PDN.
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Dutta, S. Era, Sriniwas Gupta, M. S. V. K. Raju, Abhishek Kumar, and Alka Pawar. "Platelet Serotonin Level and Impulsivity in Human Self-destructive Behavior: A Biological and Psychological Study." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 08, no. 02 (April 2017): 199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_425_16.
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ABSTRACT Context: Suicide is a disease and a global public health problem. Suicidology has come to become a topic of study for intervention and research. The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5HT]) system has remained a prime area of investigation. The neurons and platelets display structural and functional similarities. Ninety-nine percent of 5HT is contained in platelets, which shares similar 5HT uptake and release mechanisms with 5HT neurons. Aims: This study aims to study human self-destructive behavior (HSDB). Objectives: Exploring the biological (serotonin levels in platelets) and psychological aspects (impulsivity) of attempted suicide or HSDB. Settings and Design: Thirty-one patients, above the age of 18 years, with a recent history of HSDB, were studied and given an International Classification of Diseases-10 diagnosis, after a detailed interview. Subjects and Methods: For the platelet 5HT estimation, blood samples were collected, and enzyme immunometric assay carried out. Detailed assessment of the impulsivity was done by the 25-item structured diagnostic interview for borderlines by Zanarini et al. Statistical Analysis Used: We obtained both categorical and continuous data. Chi-square test, Fisher's test, Student's t-test, and Pearson's product moment correlation were used. Results: Female subjects outnumbered males by 2:1. Major depression, adjustment disorder, personality disorder were predominant diagnoses. The mean platelet serotonin concentration for males = 57.3 ng/ml, that of females = 56.05 ng/ml (P > 0.05). Platelet 5HT levels were found to be negatively correlated with impulsivity scores (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Platelet serotonin levels in our study sample were quite low when compared with those reported in published literature. Low serotonin levels were inversely related to impulsivity, but only in males.
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Masdar, Huriatul, Pragita Ayu Saputri, Dani Rosdiana, Fifia Chandra, and Darmawi Darmawi. "Depresi, ansietas dan stres serta hubungannya dengan obesitas pada remaja." Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia 12, no. 4 (April 30, 2016): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.23021.
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Background: Obesity can occur in all ages, including adolescents. Multiple factors were known related to obesity including psychological factor. Eating excessively could be response toward loneliness, grief or depression. Anxiety can contribute to determining the food intake and nutrient substance, and stress can cause behavioral disorders such as abnormal (excessive) eating behavior that leads to obesity. Objective: The aimed of this research was to know depression, anxiety, and stress and their relationship with obesity in adolescents in Pekanbaru. Method: A cross-sectional research was performed, involving 132 subjects taken from 7 of 14 State Senior High Schools in Pekanbaru, 66 subjects were overweight/obese and 66 subjects were normal. Body mass index per age was used to determine their nutritional status according to Indonesian Ministry of Health Standard 2010 for nutritional status of 5-18 years old children. Depression, anxiety, and stress were measured by using DASS 42 Scale, and categorized only into normal or having depression/anxiety/stress. Data were statistically analyzed by using Chi-Square test with significance level 95%.Results: The results showed 17.4% subjects were categorized depression, 65.2% were anxiety and 34.8% were stress. Statistically analyzed using Fisher test showed that there was significant association between depression with obesity (p=0.003, OR=0,219) and stress with obesity (p=0.044, OR=0,028).Conclusion: Psychological aspects such as depression and stress were related to obesity in State Senior High Schools Students in Pekanbaru
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Park, Crystal L. "Estimated longevity and changes in spirituality in the context of advanced congestive heart failure." Palliative and Supportive Care 6, no. 1 (February 19, 2008): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951508000023.
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ABSTRACTObjective:To examine (1) advanced congestive heart failure (CHF) patients' estimates of their longevity and changes in these estimates over time; (2) clinical, functional, and psychological adjustment correlates of these longevity estimates; and (3) correspondence of changes in longevity and changes in multiple dimensions of spirituality over time.Methods:Longitudinal questionnaire-based study of 111 patients diagnosed with severe CHF assessed at two time points separated by 6 months.Results:Nearly half of the participants estimated their longevity as at least 5–10 years, and there was very little change in estimates across the assessment periods. Longevity estimates were minimally related to clinical or functional indicators, but longer estimates were related to fewer depressive symptoms and higher levels of life satisfaction. Multivariate regression analyses indicated that shifting longevity estimates toward less time or toward uncertainty was related to increases in religious life meaning and forgiveness and to decreased spiritual struggle over the 6-month interval. No effects were observed for daily spiritual experiences.Significance of results:Because very little is known about how individuals estimate their remaining life span, these results establish information regarding their basis (i.e., not clinical or functional) and stability, at least in the context of advanced heart failure. In addition, the notion that individuals become more spiritual as they perceive the approach of death was borne out in terms of multiple aspects of spirituality.
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Moesch, Karin. "Reasons for Career Termination in Danish Elite Athletes: Investigating Gender Differences and the Time-point as Potential Correlates." Sport Science Review 21, no. 5-6 (December 1, 2012): 49–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10237-012-0018-2.
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Abstract Introduction: Career termination, an inevitable step in every athlete’s career, has received increased attention within sport psychological research. A career termination that results in psychological problems is of special concern for sport federations, organizations and clubs. Research has shown that it is crucial to consider an athlete’s the reason for career termination. There is evidence that the causes of an involuntary and unplanned career termination are disadvantageous for athletes’ well-being. There are many important aspects of career termination, such as cultural and social aspects, gender, and the time-point of the occurrence. The present study therefore aims at investigating the causes of career termination and possible correlates with gender and the time-point thereof among Danish elite athletes. Method: Data was gathered from 68 retired Danish elite athletes about their reasons for career termination and about its time-point. A qualitative analysis with the reasons mentioned by the athletes was performed. Moreover, t-tests and chi-square tests were conducted to analyze differences between males and females, and among athletes ending their career at different time-points in their career. Results: The results revealed 10 different reasons given for career termination with lack of motivation, injury or health problems and family related reasons being the top three. Female athletes mentioned that they ended their career due to family-related reasons more often than their male peers. More than a third of all athletes ended their career before their perceived achievement of peak performance. Financial reasons seemed to be of more importance for career termination for athletes ending their career before or at peaking, whereas family-related reasons were more often mentioned by athletes during or after their performance peak. Discussion and conclusion: The results of the study provide an overview of the career termination reasons of Danish elite athletes, which can provide practitioners and organizations with helpful insight when designing respective interventions. When planning such interventions it could be advantageous to deliver specific support for women to enable them to optimally combine family life with an elite sport career.