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Watts, Roderick J., and Robert T. Carter. "Psychological Aspects of Racism in Organizations." Group & Organization Studies 16, no. 3 (September 1991): 328–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/105960119101600307.
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Shabat, Manal Elsayed. "Early retirement incentive programs as a human resources restructuring strategy in public sector." Review of Economics and Political Science 5, no. 1 (January 13, 2020): 69–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/reps-06-2019-0087.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the conceptual framework about human resources downsizing and restructuring and how organizations of the public sector can do that effectively and efficiently. These facts drive to the conclusion that the implementation of early retirement incentives requires the most elaborate planning and execution to be effective, predictable and safe in the long term. Design/methodology/approach This paper adopts an analytical, descriptive methodology approach to describe the basic features of the data by using the descriptive research design. Data have been collected through different sources, which include secondary data, to introduce the theoretical literature of the subject as books, journals, articles, published working papers and referred previous studies related to the same subject. Findings Downsizing process is a deliberate administrative process that includes, but is not limited to, workforce reduction and is primarily aimed at achieving efficiency in public organizations. The definition of workforce downsizing may be narrowed to reducing the number of workers, or more likely to refer to general efforts to restructuring human resources in public organizations, Early Retirement Incentive Programs (ERIP) represents a viable alternative for organizations seeking to reduce staff. For the ERIP to be successful, the program coordinator must understand the business objectives and goals that the organization is trying to obtain. Originality/value Human resources strategies concerning downsizing public administration workforce should be more appropriate to those who leave the organization and those who stay at work, reducing the negative psychological, administrative and economical effects. This could be achieved through a strategy called early retirement incentive programs.
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Bhattacharyya, Sanghamitra, and Leena Chatterjee. "Organizational Downsizing: From Concepts to Practices." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 30, no. 3 (July 2005): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920050306.
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Downsizing is currently one of the most popular strategies being used by organizations in an effort to survive and compete in the current business scenario. Existing literature in the area has broadly focused on the following three issues: Why do organizations downsize? What are the consequences of downsizing on the individual and the organization as a whole? What are the strategies that can be adopted for successful downsizing? While imperatives for downsizing have been considered from economic, institutional, strategic, ideological, and arational perspectives, suggestions for successful downsizing strategies have repeatedly reinforced the importance of adopting a planned, long-term, and people-oriented approach to implementation. The bulk of empirical research, however, appears to have focused on the consequences of downsizing both at the individual and organizational level. Given that downsizing today has achieved the status of an institutionalized norm, the relevant question is not so much whether or why organizations should downsize, but rather, how best to implement the process in a way which will enable organizations to accrue benefits and effectively manage the negative consequences of such an exercise. A review of literature reveals that a planned approach to the implementation process would lead to sustained and long-term benefits to the organization. Drawing from change management theories as well as related theories in organizational learning, theory of business, and business model innovations, this paper has attempted to identify issues that need to be addressed at each stage of downsizing in order to ensure effective implementation. At one level, this would imply a need to question the very rationale for downsizing in terms of whether it really is the best alternative under the existing situation. At another level, assuming that downsizing has been accepted to be the most viable option, and given that any successful planned change would need to be handled as a multi-stage activity, this would include : reframing of the existing mental models and assumptions about the business extensive communication with employees at each stage managing the needs and expectations of survivors, victims, and implementers themselves planning for employability initiatives for employees helping employees to renegotiate their existing psychological contract with the organization. This would necessitate bringing about a change in the mindsets and attitudes of the people involved in the exercise. Moreover, a downsizing exercise would also need to be implemented as a part of an overall corporate renewal package rather than as an isolated strategy on its own. Suggestions for future research in this area, especially in the Indian context, have been identified with a view to adding to the existing body of knowledge and also facilitating greater understanding on the part of practitioners in handling a downsizing exercise.
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Tovmasyan, Gayane. "The Role of Managers in Organizations: Psychological Aspects." Business Ethics and Leadership 1, no. 3 (2017): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/bel.1(3).20-26.2017.
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Witkowski, Stanisław A., and Bogna Bartosz. "Psychological and organisational aspects of age management in organisations." Management 21, no. 1 (May 24, 2017): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/manment-2015-0081.
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Summary In article we present selected issues of age management in organizations. They pointed to the lack of rationale for the discriminatory policies of some companies to employees aged 50+. Attention of managers was paid to the problem of age management in organizations, conditioned by an increase in the number of employees 50+. In Poland, currently there are employed approx. 31% of workers in this group (64 years old). While in EU countries the employment rate for workers aged fifty years and older more than 50%. The article discusses the specifics of the development processes and changes in the phase of middle and late adulthood, characterizing the population of employees and pointing to the “strengths” of the group. Age management in the context of both pathology and positive practices was presented. Referring to the data the benefits of age management were indicated.
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Kaplunenko, Yaryna. "Psychological First Aid: Experience of International Organizations." Psychology and Psychosocial Interventions 3 (March 3, 2021): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18523/2617-2348.2020.3.36-41.
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The turbulent shocks of recent decades—man-made and natural disasters, political instability, pandemics, and military conflicts—highlight the need for psychosocial support for victims. To plan and train those who can provide it, a number of guidelines have been developed at the global and national levels, within international medical organizations that can minimize the impact of the crisis and start the recovery process. The article presents the definition of the concept of Psychological First Aid (PFA), describes the key aspects, structure, time limits, and principles of activity; a description of three leading models of first psychological assistance in the context of international medical organizations: the World Health Organization (WHO), Doctors Without Borders (Médecins Sans Frontières, MSF), and the Johns Hopkins Center for Public Health Preparedness, USA. The RAPID model of first aid and key competencies for psychosocial workers involved in helping victims are described. The principles and techniques of PFA meet four basic standards: they are based on the results of research of risks and resilience after injury; they are practical and suitable for use in the “field”; they meet the age characteristics of development; they take into account cultural differences. The chronogram of mental reactions to a stressful event and the provision of PFA to victims within international medical organizations is divided into four phases which should be taken into account in the organization of psychosocial support. The RAPID model is based on five aspects designed to alleviate acute stress: Rapport and Reflective listening; Assessment of needs; Prioritization; Intervention; Disposition. If control over bodily reactions, emotions, and thoughts in the victims are restored, the narrative of the event is completed and accompanied by appropriate reactions, emotions are accepted, self-esteem and self-confidence are restored, and a sense of the future appears, we can say that the person has successfully adapted to the traumatic event and is ready to move on.
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Leontev, Mikhail. "Socio-psychological aspects of innovation behavior of workers in construction organizations." MATEC Web of Conferences 251 (2018): 05021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201825105021.
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The ability for introduction of innovation, improve products, services and work processes is becoming increasingly important for the construction industry today. This paper focuses on the personal and socio-psychological characteristics of innovation: employee attitudes toward innovations, the degree of employee involvement in innovation activity, personal motivation and incentives. It was found that the innovative behavior of workers in construction organizations is positively influenced by: participative leadership style, support of employees’ innovative behavior on the part of management, external business contacts, innovative results, successful practice of introducing innovations in the firm (enterprise). These factors, combined with material incentives, the desire for self-realization, the involvement of employees in all stages of the innovation process, create a suitable environment for the innovative activity of employees.
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Handayani, Erna, Heru Kurnianto Tjahjono, and Akhmad Darmawan. "Uniqueness of psychological contract in a faith-based organization (FBO)." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 9, no. 6 (October 26, 2020): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v9i6.912.
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This study aims to explore the uniqueness of the psychological contract in the Faith-Based Organization (FBO). Psychological contracts, as part of the bond between individuals and organizations, are constantly evolving research. In line with the Conservation of Organizational Resources (COR) theory, organizations strive to defend their resources. Faith-Based Organization (FBO) is an organization with minimal written formal contracts. The bond with the members is a bond with the same values and goals. This research examines the psychological contract of FBO, from the aspects of formation, contribution, and violation. The formation of shared values which becomes the affective commitment of FBO members is specifically discussed because of the uniqueness of the organization with its ideological and religiosity sides. Using the lens of the COR theory, this study sees the psychological contract of the two elements of the FBO, namely members and organizations. This study is a literature review using traditional narrative methods. The results show that there have not been many in-depth studies of the psychological contract on religious organizations (FBO) with religious aspects that characterize the psychology of individuals in it. This study creates new gaps in research related to psychological contracts.
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Behery, Mohamed, Salam Abdallah, Mohammed Parakandi, and Sai Kukunuru. "Psychological contracts and intention to leave with mediation effect of organizational commitment and employee satisfaction at times of recession." Review of International Business and Strategy 26, no. 2 (June 6, 2016): 184–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ribs-01-2014-0013.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the implications of psychological contract on employees’ intention to leave and their relationship with employee commitment and satisfaction. The study focuses on measuring these attributes in the United Arab Emirates’ (UAE) multicultural workforce. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from a total of 373 employees from government, semi-government and private organizations covering different hierarchical levels across various industries. Structural equation modeling was used to test the predicted relationship. Findings The study reveals that the relational component of psychological contracts plays a significant role in developing strong employer–employee relationships and reducing employee intentions to leave the organization. The study has also demonstrated the partial mediation effect of organizational commitment and employee satisfaction between the independent and dependent variables. Finally, our finding stresses the moderating effect of gender and citizenship demographics on the relationships between the independent and dependent variables. Research limitations/implications A limitation of this study was the fact that data collection was conducted in the context of economic crisis which is accompanied by downsizing of organizations. Another factor being the survey is restricted to the UAE which limits the generalizability of the results outside the region. Originality/value As little is known about the potential effect of psychological contracts on the intention to leave in the Middle Eastern context, this paper is expected to provide empirical evidences that will make significant contributions to the employee engagement literature in the Middle Eastern contexts.
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Rao, Indu. "Psychological Contract for Human Development and Organizational Sustainability." Business Perspectives and Research 9, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 415–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2278533721989832.
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Organizations can sustain different efforts toward human development, and employee–employer relationships can sustain the organizations to work toward their purpose. However, contemporary organizations are facing unprecedented challenges as a result of COVID-19, intensified globalization, increasingly diversified workforce, and continuous technological advancements, thereby impacting the way businesses and people are managed. Most of the work has transitioned to online, and employees are working from home due to pandemic situations. Organizations need to manage the emerging, complex employee–employer relationships in this new order of the world for the purpose of human development as well as organizational sustainability. In the absence of frequent employee–employer meetings at physical workplaces and the transition of the workspace into virtual workstations, we need to look at new ways of initiating and sustaining employee–employer relationships. In this conceptual article, we propose that different types of psychological contracts, like relational and transactional contracts, can contribute to these goals. Through a conceptual analysis of relevant literature, we first examine different aspects of the psychological contract—its types, antecedents, and consequences of different types of contract on organizations. Sustainable human development is related to organizational sustainability. We propose that a relational psychological contract may help in sustainable human development as well as organizational sustainability, whereas a transactional psychological contract moderates the relationship between sustainable human development and organizational sustainability.
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Ressler, William Harris. "Jewishness and Well-Being: Specific Identification and General Psychological Adjustment." Psychological Reports 81, no. 2 (October 1997): 515–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.81.2.515.
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The study examined the relation of nine factors describing the expression of Jewish identification with three scales related to aspects of psychological well-being (Belonging, Optimism and Self-acceptance) among 177 American Jews, ages 22 to 40 years. Regression analyses indicated a small but significant, positive relation between scores on each of the well-being scales and two aspects of Jewish identification, activism in mainstream Jewish organizations (Beta weights .15 to .23) and religiosity (.19 to .21). These expressions of Jewishness accounted for 7 to 11% of the variance in reported well-being.
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Duignan, Kieran. "Risky Business: Psychological, Physical and Financial Costs of High Risk Behavior in Organizations Psychological and Behavioral Aspects of Risks." Ergonomics 54, no. 10 (October 2011): 984–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2011.623875.
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Visi, Olgerta. "Theoretical Aspects Of Career Patterns Under The Organization And Individual Career Management Perspectives." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 1 (January 29, 2016): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n1p501.
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Nowadays, substantial changes have taken place in work reality, having a considerable impact on the career management prospects. Scenarios such as restructuring, delayering, downsizing of the business organizations, alongside the technological developments have inevitably affected the career management reality. The twenty first century career is no longer a linear process, confined to the organization’s borders, the individuals are taking command, and the required approach is to be more flexible and adaptive in order to develop the indispensable skills and knowledge to meet the aimed goals (Hall, 1996). Discussing in terms of having an everlasting career is becoming irrelevant, instead finding opportunities to improve the professional expertise and life-long learning, is an issue of concern for the career management prospects from both perspectives. The organization is no more concerned, in a selfless and/or patriarchal sense, for the future development of its employees. The competencies are the only safe channels into sustaining marketability and employability in the fluctuant labor market. Career management is a highly delicate subject in need of special care accordingly; as the individual targets not only material gratification, but also spiritual replenishment, meanwhile the organizations aim at gaining competitive advantage in this rapidly changing work environment. The paper will delve upon some of the most conspicuous theoretical career management approaches with regard to the organizational and the individual spectrums, identifying the respective new developments, vital not only to the professionals but to the practitioners interested in the issue and those who wish to harvest another updated perspective on the subject matter.
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Mavrina, Liana Nikolaevna, and Liliya Nikolaevna Timeryanova. "Study of stress and stress resistance of preschool staff organizations: hygiene aspects." Sanitarnyj vrač (Sanitary Doctor), no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-08-2012-04.
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The article deals with the problem of professional stress in the labor activity of employees of preschool educational organizations. Aim. The level of stress and stress resistance of preschool teachers was assessed. In accordance with the purpose of the study, the following methods were used: T.A. Nemchina, A.O. Prokhorov, Vaisman's questionnaire, McLean. The study involved 50 teachers of kindergartens of general developmental type. The materials of modern psychological and pedagogical research devoted to stress and stress resistance are analyzed and summarized. Experimental data on the state of stress resistance of preschool teachers have been obtained. In a preschool organization, employees need to reduce the level of neuropsychiatric stress, professional and organizational stress, since most of the subjects are characterized by high indicators for these parameters.
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Nowicka-Mieszała, Julia. "Behavioral Aspects of Investing in Human Capital Retention within Organization." Kwartalnik Ekonomistów i Menedżerów 23, no. 1 (January 31, 2012): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.5778.
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Rational investment decisions, including retention of human capital in organizations are closely associated with making mistakes. Managers should analyze not only financial impact of bad investment decisions in human capital but also the causes of mistakes, including taking into account the psychological aspects of making mistakes. This study aims to identify mistakes made in investment in human capital retention, which means the cognitive and motivational mistakes in the process of making rational investment decisions in human capital organization.
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Oshevsky, D. S. "Clinical and psychological aspects of adolescent involvement in extremist and terrorist activities." Psychology and Law 7, no. 2 (2017): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2017060210.
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The article deals with the clinical and psychological aspects of including minors in terrorist and extremist activities. In the historical perspective, it was traced how the views on the role of mental disorders in the genesis of such crimes changed. It is shown that terrorist and extremist activity must be viewed as a complex multi-factor phenomenon, in which socio-psychological components play a leading role. It is noted that the psychopathological process can act as a prerequisite for inclusion in such radical groups. Psychoanalytic, sociological, cognitive approaches, theories of social learning and the concept of diffuse ego-identity making attempts to explain the mechanisms of terrorist and extremist activity in minors are analyzed. The problem of insufficient study of the influence of the Internet and social networks on the formation of readiness for admission to adolescents in radical organizations is posed.
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Barrett, Mary, Anne Cox, and Blake Woodward. "The psychological contract of international volunteers: an exploratory study." Journal of Global Mobility: The Home of Expatriate Management Research 5, no. 2 (June 12, 2017): 123–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgm-03-2017-0009.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the psychological contracts (PCs) of international volunteers (IVs) in international aid and development organizations (IADS). Specifically, it explores four questions: how IVs form PCs; what the content of these PCs is; how IVs’ PCs are maintained; and how they are fulfilled or breached. Design/methodology/approach The study used an inductive analysis of qualitative data: interviews with 27 IVs from a range of IADS. Findings The findings take the form of research propositions: RP1: IVs’ PCs, like those of domestic volunteers, include relational, transactional and, especially, values-based elements, but the balance of these is influenced by their values-based PC; the self-directed way IVs join their organizations; and reliance on peers rather than the organization’s management hierarchy. RP2: the PCs of IVs working for faith-based organizations have an additional element: spiritual support. RP3: the values-based PC means many transactional elements can be “adjusted away”, making it difficult to breach these PCs. RP4: experienced volunteers have very minimal PCs, but are more likely than inexperienced volunteers to expect basic safety and adequately skilled colleagues. Research limitations/implications The authors suggest areas of new inquiry and specific ways each research proposition could be tested empirically. Practical implications To alleviate IVs’ expatriation and repatriation adjustment problems, international aid organizations could facilitate the ways IVs already help each other. This would also help fulfill IVs’ PCs. Originality/value IVs are a growing but underexplored group and aspects of their PCs may be unique.
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Саунин and K. Saunin. "To the Question of the Typology of Students in the System of Cossack Education." Socio-Humanitarian Research and Technology 5, no. 4 (November 19, 2016): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/22504.
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The article examines the typology of students in the
Cossack education system. In this context, the article describes the
scope of value-orientation of the person, represents psychological
types of students in the context of value-orientation areas, identifies
psychological-pedagogical aspects of development of the personality
of students of general education of the Cossack organizations
in accordance with the Christian humanitarian paradigm.
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Кашицына, Ю., Yu Kashicyna, Т. Гурулева, and T. Guruleva. "Training in the System of Further Vocational Teacher Education." Profession-Oriented School 7, no. 5 (November 14, 2019): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5da029cbcb4da1.42703565.
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The article discusses some aspects of improving the system of continuing education of teachers. The importance of the methods of active learning and interactive technologies in the formation of communicative, psychological and pedagogical competencies of teachers is shown. Particular attention is paid to socio-psychological training. The training learning process is described. The article is addressed to teachers and teachers, students of pedagogical universities, methodologists, directors of educational organizations.
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Apalkov, Vitalii. "THE ARMY BEHIND BARBED WIRE. PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF BEHAVIOR IN CAPTIVITY." Scientific Journal of Polonia University 42, no. 5 (February 12, 2021): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/4218.
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The article examines the psychological features of humans entering and the subsequent stay in a hostile environment and its consequences. We made the analysis of psychological factors influencing the behavior of a soldier in captivity. The genesis of captivity was analyzed, and the mechanisms of destructive psychological influence of captors on persons who were captured were investigated. The results of the research allow forming a holistic view of the psychological factors that affect military personnel from the moment of capture to the moment of their release. Activities of international humanitarian organizations and missions, does not fully protect prisoners of war from violence. The state of constant mental stress reduces the inner life of the individual to a primitive level. It was found that the events of the captivity were extreme. They go beyond the usual human experiences and cause intense fear for their lives, as well as create feelings of helplessness. Preparations for possible capture are mandatory for all servicemen. Post-captive reintegration will help to restore mental health and return the person to a full life and performance of duties. We identified the factors that help to endure conditions of the forced isolation with minimal loss to the physical and mental health.
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Delia, Elizabeth B. "The Psychological Meaning of Team Among Fans of Women’s Sport." Journal of Sport Management 34, no. 6 (November 1, 2020): 579–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2019-0404.
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To date, almost all team identification inquiries have focused on men’s sport, with minimal studies using women’s sport to examine the concept. Recognizing social identities are fluid and context dependent, the purpose of the current study was to understand the psychological meaning of team among individuals who identify with a women’s sport team. Using an interpretive mode of inquiry, the author conducted interviews with fans of a professional women’s basketball team. Central elements of team meaning were gender equality (contributing to social change) and pure sport (perceptions of game play and player characteristics). These aspects jointly contribute to a paradox experienced by fans, in that perceived purity may be sacrificed in realizing social change. Theoretical implications include the ability of teams to represent social movement organizations, as well as the need for individuals to shed status-irrelevant aspects of an identity to raise a low-status group.
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Ulyanina, O. A. "Psychological diagnostics in educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia." Psychology and Law 8, no. 2 (2018): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2018080205.
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The article considers one of the directions of psychological practice — diagnostics. Specific features of the realization of psychodiagnostics in the educational environment are described. The historical context of the development of psychodiagnostics in education is being studied. The urgency of the research of this area of psychological work, dictated by the need, on the one hand, in assessing the quality of educational services, on the other — searching and stimulating the intrapersonal resources of trainees, is substantiated. In this connection, there is a need to develop theoretical, methodological and conceptual approaches to the implementation of psychodiagnostic activity in education. The substantive and procedural aspects of psychodiagnostic activity in educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia are concretized. The advantages of the hardware-software psychodiagnostic complex "Multiplexer", used by psychologists of law enforcement bodies, are highlighted. The program of psychodiagnostics of personal and business qualities of cadets, designed for each year of training, is described. A personal profile of the future specialist is designed, which reflects the results of psychological support and diagnostics throughout the entire period of study.
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Almeida, Milene de Oliveira, Thainá Magalhães Portugal, and Thais Josy Castro Freire de Assis. "Pregnant women and COVID-19: isolation as a physical and psychic impact factor." Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil 20, no. 2 (June 2020): 599–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042020000200015.
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Abstract This research aims to reflect upon the inherent impacts of social isolation caused by the new coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on the health of pregnant women. It brings up a survey on both physical and psychological aspects of this period on a woman's life, such as physiological and emotional changes. It also raises questions about how these aspects can be directly or indirectly affected by periods of isolation, considering recent research and guidance from health reference organizations.
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Moraru, Gina-Maria, and Daniela Popa. "The Importance of Respecting the Psychological Contract by Managers." MATEC Web of Conferences 343 (2021): 07010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202134307010.
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The paper wants to be an alarm signal that non-compliance with the psychological contract by managers can negatively affect the organizational climate. The paper starts with a selection of the most important aspects of the literature on the psychological contract. The results of this study from secondary sources are interpreted in terms of the current socio-economic context, showing the possible negative influences of economic crises and pandemics such as COVID-19 on compliance with the psychological contract in organizations. The situations of violation of the psychological contract by the management can be numerous in this context. Therefore, the paper then presents an exploratory research conducted online, the respondents being employed in various companies in the Sibiu County (Romania). The main objectives of the research were to find out the importance of the psychological contract for employees and how it is or is not respected by managers. The results showed that the psychological contract is very important for respondents, but their perceptions of compliance with it are influenced by the crises faced by the organization. Another important conclusion shows that, in the opinion of the employees, many managers from the organizations in Sibiu County do not respect the psychological contract.
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Khoirunnisaa', Khoirunnisaa'. "Perilaku Individu dalam Lembaga Pendidikan Islam." An-Nuha : Jurnal Kajian Islam, Pendidikan, Budaya dan Sosial 8, no. 1 (July 7, 2021): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36835/annuha.v8i1.401.
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The study of aspects of human behavior in a particular group which includes aspects caused by the influence of organizations on humans as well as human influences on organizations including organizational behavior. There are two factors that influence individual behavior towards Islamic educational institutions, namely internal and external factors. Internal factors include heredity (heredity or innate). External factors include the environment, maturity or experience and education. While the individual behavior analysis variables include psychological, physiological and environmental variables. Psychological variables include perceptions, personality attitudes, learning and motivation. Physiological variables include physical abilities and mental abilities. And environmental variables include family, culture and social class. As an initial understanding to be able to understand individual behavior well, it is necessary to understand the characteristics inherent in individuals which include biographical characteristics, personality, perceptions and attitudes. The verses of the Qur'an relating to individual behavior form the basis that Islamic educational institutions have hinted that humans have positive and negative potentials in behavior, and in essence the positive potential of humans is stronger than their negative potential.
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Benji-Rabinovitz, Shiran, and Izhak Berkovich. "Psychological ownership of a team of change agents during second-order change in schools and its implications for school culture." International Journal of Educational Management 35, no. 1 (September 1, 2020): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-05-2020-0279.
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PurposeTaking ownership is considered vital for sustaining change in organizations, particularly when second-order changes are the goal. Yet, few studies explored psychological ownership of change agents in educational organizations. Moreover, no knowledge exists on how agents' individual psychological ownership augments psychological ownership in schools and on how collective psychological ownership of change relates to school culture. The present study aims to address these two lacunae.Design/methodology/approachA case study method was adopted to investigate the psychological ownership of teams of change agents in schools. Six Israeli secondary state religious schools adopting a new liberal curricular program were studied. Thirty one interviews were conducted with principals, program coordinators, mid-level teacher leaders and teachers who were active change agents in the promotion of the program. The interviews were complemented by quantitative data on students' perceptions of school discipline and tolerance of diversity based on the national school culture survey.FindingsThe analyses revealed the prevalence of three types of psychological ownership in the sample of schools. The analyses also showed how key components of psychological ownership, i.e. responsibility and territoriality in relation to change manifest in the schools that were explored. Institution-level analysis shed light on the different effects psychological ownership of the change team had on sharing within the faculty. In addition, analyses showed how the scope of agreement between two key change agents, the program initiator and the principal, on psychological ownership affected various psychological ownership aspects of the team. Last, the analysis shows that two types of collective psychological ownership emerged in the course of a liberal school change, and that types were differently related to school outcomes.Originality/valueThe study offers an innovative typology of collective psychological ownership during second-order change in schools, mapping two ideal types: cooperative and fragmented collective psychological ownership. The new types provide a better understanding of the dynamic of collective psychological ownership and its outcomes in organizations in general and schools in particular.
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Rastorgueva, Elena. "Innovative aspects of feedback delivery in management process by applying emotional intelligence." SHS Web of Conferences 116 (2021): 00031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111600031.
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This article focuses on examining new specific practical recommendations for delivering feedback in the process of staff management in organizations by applying the resources of emotional intelligence. Managers’ I-statement mistakes, imperceptible at first sight, are analyzed and explained from the point of view of their psychological correctness; ways of correcting them are presented. In detail, with real-life examples of the feedback in the organizations, it is explained how a leader can take into account the psychological difficulties of feedback perception and increase its effectiveness. Thus, the following mistakes of the feedback are analyzed: the feeling the one giving feedback is not mentioned at all; his feeling is generalized; it is determined in an unspecified way or expressed to a person in general; the person’s behavior, which evokes a feeling, is not described at all or is described in an unspecified way; it is not specified what exactly has caused a feeling in a communicative situation; a conclusion on the person’s actions and the person in general as a generalization of his actions; exaggerating; identifying a trait of character of someone’s actions as a generalization of his actions; emphasis; describing internal processes of another person; expressing another person’s attitude to something or someone; a subjective evaluation; interpreting a person’s actions; an instruction (lecturing, sermonizing); a tirade; a mockery; an accusation; comparing a person with someone; a condemnation; a threat, an insult, a humiliating statement; condescending phrases; a wish; a request. Correct I-statements are a universal mechanism of self-regulation, self-support.
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Boiko-Buzyl, Yuliia. "PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF LIE DETECTION IN STUDIES USING A POLYGRAPH." PSYCHOLOGICAL JOURNAL 7, no. 3 (March 30, 2021): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/1.2021.7.3.3.
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The article analyses the psychological category of lies in the perspective of polygraph examinations, which are now popular and in demand. It is emphasized that polygraph examinations are the only tool for establishing the truth, which is built taking into account the patterns of neural connections in the human brain and involves comprehensive consideration of psychophysiological changes in an individual’s body. Testing with a lie detector is a unique instrumental technique, a complex process of special equipment depending on a polygraph examiner’s professionalism in order to establish the truth, because a polygraph is a device that detects lies, i.e. special hardware for special verification of truthfulness. In our country the use of the polygraph is indirectly regulated at the legislative level, in particular, examinations of people in general are allowed, but polygraph testing is not specified. There is still no special law determining an algorithm for polygraph using. The current regulations governing the procedure for polygraph inspections are departmental and relate to staffing. The activity of polygraph examiners in Ukraine is widespread, but in the format of services provided by public organizations. The essential content of lie detection, which is understood as a set of techniques that help determine the reliability and veracity of information, is analyzed. Because a lie means deliberate distortion of information and polygraph examinations are a type of research activity aimed at truth establishing, the concepts, functions, forms and types of lies are described. During a polygraph investigation, a lie means transmission of information that is completely or partially untrue; it means distortion (cognitive changes), untruth, insincerity (pretending), deception aimed at truth concealing or misleading. Given that the most common reasons for using a lie detector are a competition or examination of candidates for a vacant position, official investigations, forensic psychological examination or personal initiatives, the examined people mostly tries to convince, prove something, justify, etc., so the function of lies to protect interests, often their own. There are two forms of lies: silence and distortion. By default, the information is hidden, but not distorted; in the case of distortion, it is not only hidden, but also supplemented or replaced and pretended to be true. Common types of lies in polygraph research are: mystification, substitution of concepts, self-deception, lying for good, misleading, exaggeration / belittling, slander. Levels of lie recognition (psychophysiological, verbal, nonverbal) and approaches to its detection (emotional, volitional, cognitive) are determined. Emphasis is placed on the psychological aspects of lie detection when using a polygraph. Attention is paid to topical issues of lie detection with a polygraph.
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Bagaradnikova, E. V. "Counseling Issues of Children with ASD Parents." Autism and Developmental Disorders 16, no. 4 (2018): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/autdd.2018160406.
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Several aspects of the Regional Public Organization for Assistance to Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders “Contact” members work are listed: counseling of parents of children with ASD, informational, psychological and legal support and social security. Well-established experience of consultative work can serve as a basis for the development of parents advisory support technology provided in various organizations, both non-profit and governmental.
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Meredith, Lisa S., David P. Eisenman, Terri Tanielian, Stephanie L. Taylor, Ricardo Basurto-Davila, James Zazzali, Dickson Diamond, Barbara Cienfuegos, and Sandra Shields. "Prioritizing “Psychological” Consequences for Disaster Preparedness and Response: A Framework for Addressing the Emotional, Behavioral, and Cognitive Effects of Patient Surge in Large-Scale Disasters." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 5, no. 1 (March 2011): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/dmp.2010.47.
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ABSTRACTWhile information for the medical aspects of disaster surge is increasingly available, there is little guidance for health care facilities on how to manage the psychological aspects of large-scale disasters that might involve a surge of psychological casualties. In addition, no models are available to guide the development of training curricula to address these needs. This article describes 2 conceptual frameworks to guide hospitals and clinics in managing such consequences. One framework was developed to understand the antecedents of psychological effects or “psychological triggers” (restricted movement, limited resources, limited information, trauma exposure, and perceived personal or family risk) that cause the emotional, behavioral, and cognitive reactions following large-scale disasters. Another framework, adapted from the Donabedian quality of care model, was developed to guide appropriate disaster response by health care facilities in addressing the consequences of reactions to psychological triggers. This framework specifies structural components (internal organizational structure and chain of command, resources and infrastructure, and knowledge and skills) that should be in place before an event to minimize consequences. The framework also specifies process components (coordination with external organizations, risk assessment and monitoring, psychological support, and communication and information sharing) to support evidence-informed interventions.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2011;5:73-80)
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Romanovskaya, I. E., and N. S. Shapovalova. "The role of the patient organization in socio-psychological adaptation of patients with celiac disease." Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology, no. 4 (July 21, 2021): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-188-4-136-143.
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Celiac disease is a lifelong disease, associated with lifestyle changes. After the diagnosis was made, patients are faced with a number of tasks: organizing a food system for the patient and his family members at home, in kindergartens, schools, health camps, sanatoriums, hospitals, in the army, while traveling; selection of gluten-free medicines; organization of psychological assistance. Support in the social and psychological sphere of life is provided by patient organizations, that create systems for the comfort life of celiac patients. This review focuses on the role of such organizations in the socio- psychological adaptation of patients with celiac disease. The tasks, methods and projects of systemic educational work, information resources, methods of psychological support for patients are presented; product expertise capabilities, legislative aspects in the field of social and legal protection of the interests of persons with celiac disease and a violation of gluten tolerance, the possibilities of material support for patients in various regions of Russia are highlighted. The article drew attention to the success of patient organizations in improving the quality of life, and those who have difficulties both: the problems of labeling of gluten-free products, the complexity of catering in public restaurants and institutions. The system of activities and projects, developed by the St. Petersburg Society of Celiac Diseases “Emilia” and the National Association “Gluten Free Life” allows to overcome the difficulties, associated with adhering to a strict lifelong diet, improves gluten free food at home.
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Polyakova, Nadezhda Petrovna, Svetlana Nikolaevna Silanteva, and Valentina Ivanovna Trofimova. "Organizational and Content Aspects of Implementation of Inclusive Education." Development of education, no. 1 (7) (March 13, 2020): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-74510.
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This article discusses the implementation of a model of inclusive education in general education organizations and the construction of an educational route for students with disabilities. It is through the substantive and organizational sections of the adapted basic general education programmes that special conditions are created and observed to ensure that children with special needs and disabilities have equal access to quality education in general education organizations, taking into account the peculiarities of their psychophysical development and the recommendations of psychological, medical and pedagogical commissions. The main aim of the study is to systematize and improve the professional competencies in supervisors and teachers – members of the working groups on the development of adapted basic general education programs of educational organizations. In order to achieve the aim of this study, the following analytical methods have been employed: retrospective analysis of scientific literature, content analysis of periodical press and proceedings of scientific conferences on the subject; as well as practical methods (including own experience of working in the fields of specialized education and advanced training). In addition, BE of FVE “Chuvash Republican Institute of Education of the Ministry of Education of Chuvashia” proposed a program of advanced training “Organizational and Substantive Aspects of Inclusive Education,” based on legal, theoretical and methodological principles. The results of the conducted study show that supervisors and teachers – members of the working groups – are gaining significant practical knowledge of developing adapted basic general education programmes. It can be concluded that the planned results of the program suggest elimination of professional deficiency concerning the organizational and substantive issues of constructing an educational route for children with disabilities in conditions of inclusive education, as well as development of adapted basic general education programs of an educational organization.
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Smirnova, S. A., T. N. Sekerazh, and V. O. Kuznetsov. "Interdisciplinary Evaluations Performed by Forensic Science Organizations of the Russian Ministry of Justice: Current Trends in Forensic Linguistics and Forensic Psychology." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science 12, no. 4 (December 30, 2017): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2017-12-4-106-109.
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The paper looks at the increasingly pertinent issue of interdisciplinary analysis in forensic casework. Integrated psychological and linguistic evaluations in cases relating to extremism and terrorism prevention are used as an example to compare the possibilities of mono- and multidisciplinary analysis. A comprehensive (integrated) approach is demonstrated to have clearadvantages in application to the analysis of information materials. This approach helps to identify the special (linguistic, psychological, etc.) features of those language and psychological phenomenathat constitute the various aspects of the objective element of so-called «crimes of speech». The priority status of such evaluations has been highlighted by the Interdepartmental Commission forthe Prevention of Extremism in the Russian Federation. A integrated approach to the evaluation of information materials is actively implemented by forensic science organizations in other countries(Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Belarus and Uzbekistan)
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Whicker, John J., Clarissa W. Ong, Karen Muñoz, and Michael P. Twohig. "The Relationship Between Psychological Processes and Indices of Well-Being Among Adults With Hearing Loss." American Journal of Audiology 29, no. 4 (December 9, 2020): 728–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_aja-20-00035.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the role of psychological processes (i.e., internalized shame, self-efficacy, psychological inflexibility) regarding hearing loss in the well-being of adults who have hearing loss. Method This study used a cross-sectional survey design. Two hundred sixty-four surveys were submitted for analysis. Data were collected using a survey posted to online social media support, in audiology clinics across the country, and through national organizations supporting individuals who have hearing loss. Regressions were used to determine whether internalized shame, self-efficacy, or psychological inflexibility held any predictive value over subjects' well-being. Results Shame, self-efficacy, and psychological inflexibility significantly predicted different aspects of well-being. Conclusion Audiologists should consider the role of internalized thoughts and emotions regarding patients' hearing loss on how patients understand and manage their hearing health.
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Makarova, Irina V., Svetlana Yu Zhdanova, Tatyana S. Buzina, Tatyana O. Yudina, and Maya A. Kulygina. "Information about the Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation «Modern problems of the university psychological service in new realities»." Вестник Пермского университета. Философия. Психология. Социология, no. 4 (2020): 688–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2019-4-688-692.
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Modern Russian Universities face a new type of educational, educational and psychological problems related to inclusive education, multiculturalism of the student population, and a high level of heterogeneity in the cognitive and social development of the younger generation. All this forms a powerful social demand for the development of the psychological service of education. The new socio-cultural situation of development of the young generation poses a new problems of psychological support of the educational system, which are reflected in the deliberations and discussions held in the framework of all-Russian scientific-practical conference with international participation «Actual problems of psychological service of the University in the new reality», which took place on 25–26 September 2020 in an online format. During the conference, the following issues were discussed: socio-psychological aspects of modern education, health protection of students, the specifics of the work of psychological services of universities and psychosocial aspects of distance learning at a university in a pandemic. As a result of the conference, it was proposed: to disseminate and implement the positive results of the activities of psychological services in the field of mental health protection among domestic universities; promote the creation of a common Internet space for the exchange of experience between psychological services of educational organizations; to develop a number of methodological recommendations on the specifics of teaching in conditions of distance learning for the teaching staff.
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Welty Peachey, Jon, Laura Burton, Janelle Wells, and Mi Ryoung Chung. "Exploring Servant Leadership and Needs Satisfaction in the Sport for Development and Peace Context." Journal of Sport Management 32, no. 2 (March 1, 2018): 96–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2017-0153.
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The purpose of this study was to explore how servant leadership influences followers’ work-related needs satisfaction within the sport for development and peace field. We examined whether leaders used and followers perceived aspects of servant leadership, and if so, did servant leadership work to satisfy the basic psychological needs of followers (i.e., autonomy, competence, relatedness). Based on an online survey (n = 76) with followers (employees) and qualitative interviews (n = 14) with both leaders (executive directors and founders) and followers (employees), our results revealed that followers perceived and leaders used aspects of servant leadership in sport for development and peace organizations. Leaders used servant leadership behaviors to set the vision for the organization. In addition, followers’ needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness were met through servant leadership. This study supports use of servant leadership behaviors to satisfy the needs of followers in sport for development and peace organizations.
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Kassymova G. K.,, Krasnoshchechenko I. P.,, Menshikov P.V.,, Kosov A.V.,, Khudyakova T.L.,, Klepach Y.V.,, Stepanova O.P.,, Podol’skaya I.A.,, and Arpentieva M. R.,. "META-TECHNOLOGIES OF BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL CONSULTING IN EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS." BULLETIN 6, no. 388 (December 15, 2020): 291–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2518-1467.211.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of the main principles of business and professional consulting as a practice of interpersonal relations and the being of its subjects. The main problems of clients connected with violations of their intrapersonal and interpersonal relations, as well as relations to their own life (being) in general, subjects of business consulting as participants in business processes and life, in general, are considered. The purpose of the study is to analyze the basic principles or meta-technologies of business and professional consulting in educational organizations. The article summarizes the basic concepts and concepts of business and professional consulting, reflecting its meaning as helping the socio-psychological practice of developing people and educational organizations. Relying on the tetrad of principles of psychological counselling, isolated in the school of C.R. Rogers, as well as the leading principles of organizational counselling in educational organizations, the authors consider their manifestations and features in the main aspects and dimensions of advisory interaction. Traditionally, such dimensions are distinguished: power/management system, competence/experience system, love/system of relations. Each of these dimensions is associated with one or another intention of consultative relations in educational organizations: transformational, dialogical, and relational. Within each of these intentions, the basic principles of business and professional consulting in educational organizations are manifested as meta-technologies or meta-technology groups. In addition, the authors consider the principles of business and professional consulting in educational organizations in relation to the life of the consultant and the client as a whole, as "meta-technologies of life".
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Widyaningsih, Rindha, and K. Kuntarto. "Family Suicide Bombing: A Psychological Analysis of Contemporary Terrorism." Walisongo: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan 26, no. 2 (December 3, 2018): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/ws.26.2.3111.
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<p>Terrorist organizations are now transforming into small cells and spreading their ideology to various parts of the world. The acts of terrorism in the Surabaya bomb case provide a new paradigm of the involvement of family members or an inner circle in their actions. The involvement of family members is considerably related to some psychological aspects. This study aims to provide a psychological analysis of suicide bombing terrors involving family members. The data obtained were analyzed using the perspective of Moghaddam’s theory, ‘staircases to terrorism’. The result indicates that the suicide bomber who has brought their family members in the action has gone through these six stages of psychological aspects: (1) Search for meaning. Actors seeking self and social meaning and finding reasons from the radical ideology adopted; (2) Presenting the ideology. The idea arises to fight those who are considered to do injustice, and the desire to change the system of government and politics is legitimate; (3) Cultivation stage. The process of ideology processing justification for resistance to those who are considered to be doing injustices; (4) Control over members. The stages of correct or wrong assessment based on the fatwa of the leader; (5) Moral engagement. The stage of identity confirmation and the process of polarization of groups of friends and opponents; (6) Recruitment, which is the stage of active involvement in acts of terrorism ranging from planning, targeting, techniques used, time and location of targets to implementing recruitment.</p>
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Ulyanina, O. A. "The Concept of Psychological Support of Professional Training of Police Officers." Психологическая наука и образование 24, no. 6 (2019): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/pse.2019240603.
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The article reveals the legal, organizational, methodological and substantive aspects of the Concept of psychological support of professional training of police officers in departmental universities.These aspects are structured in a consistent description of the following six sections of the Concept: 1) General provisions: a description of the purpose of the Concept and the regulatory legal basis for its implementation; 2) the current state of psychological work in educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: analyzes and highlights the existing problems in the practice of psychologists of departmental education; 3) the goals, objectives and principles of the Concept: outlines the purpose of this Concept, namely, the development of the system of psychological work in the educational institutions of the MIA of Russia; this objective is achieved by addressing a number of tasks and taking into account the principles presented in the description section; 4) the implementation of the Concept: outlines the content of the main information blocks reflecting procedural characteristics, conditions and factors of implementation of the Concept; 5) main activities: reviews the areas of psychological work through the prism of such activities as education, prevention, diagnosis, counseling, correction and training; 6) assessment of efficiency: describes the following criteria and indicators of the effectiveness of psychological support: practical and effective, optimal in terms of activity, motivational and predictive.
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Jordan, Gašper, Gozdana Miglič, Ivan Todorović, and Miha Marič. "Psychological Empowerment, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment Among Lecturers in Higher Education: Comparison of Six CEE Countries." Organizacija 50, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/orga-2017-0004.
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Abstract Background and Purpose: Organizations should implement new findings from the field of human resource management. If an organization wants to have successful and effective employees, they should be satisfied with all aspects of work and at the same time they should be feel commitment towards an organization. To have a full insight in employees, organizations have to take care of psychological side of employees, which manifests in psychological empowerment. Design/Methodology/Approach: The survey was conducted among 409 university lecturers in Austria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany, Serbia, and Slovenia. The investigated constructs of psychological empowerment, job satisfaction and organisational commitment were compared. Spreitzer’s PEQ was used for the assessment of the psychological empowerment, Spector’s JSS for job satisfaction, and Allen’s and Meyer’s OCQ for the assessment of organisational commitment. Results: The research showed that the highest level of psychological empowerment can be found among university lecturers from Serbia and the lowest from Germany. Job satisfaction level is the highest in Austria and the lowest in Slovenia. Affective organisational commitment is the highest in Slovenia and the lowest in Germany. Continuance organisational commitment scored the highest in Croatia and the lowest in Czech Republic. Additionally, the outcomes show the highest level of normative organisational commitment in Czech Republic and the lowest in Austria. Only affective organisational commitment was not found as statistically significant. Conclusion: Knowledge of psychological empowerment, job satisfaction and organizational commitment can be helpful for leaders, because with this knowledge they can manage, develop and motivate employees properly.
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Bugaichuk, Tatiyana V., and Polina A. Polyakova. "PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF USING BIG DATA TECHNOLOGY IN THE CONTEXT OF DISTANCE LEARNING." Yaroslavl Pedagogical Bulletin 116, no. 5 (2020): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/1813-145x-2020-5-116-177-183.
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The issue of studying a person's abilities to perceive a large amount of information during the period of distance learning is poorly understood and extremely relevant. The problem of our research is the identification of modern technologies for supporting education system specialists in working with a large amount of information, the ability to perceive and analyze it, as well as reducing the level of information fatigue among educational workers during distance learning, since the digitalization of education has an intense negative impact on mental processes of employees, on their psychological and social well-being. The article describes the results of a theoretical study of the interdisciplinary convergence of the indicated problem, expanding the understanding of Big Data technology through the psychology of abilities and the psychology of education. At the same time, the authors of the article note the increasing role of Big Data technology in the modern conditions of a pandemic and distance learning. Big Data technology or «Big Data» means a certain system of methods and some algorithms for working with large amounts of data. These data sets are aimed at acquiring a qualitatively new understanding of what this information carries. Now there are four main directions of the formation of large volumes of data in the education system. These are online training systems, internal information systems of educational organizations, information about employees and the requirements of the organization's management to potential employees, information about students. Having studied the main directions of Big Data development when processing large amounts of various information, we found links with the implementation of Big Data methods, tools and technologies in the field of education and the efficiency of employees. The authors identified and studied an important function of Big Data in the period of distance learning – it is the creation of psychological well-being of employees of the education system and the leveling of the problem of information fatigue.
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Pestova, I. V., N. A. Guryanova, M. S. Sergeeva, and S. V. Kuzevanova. "Examination of the Quality of Special Conditions for Education by Students with Disabilities as a Condition for Increasing the Effectiveness of Psychological and Pedagogical Support." Вестник практической психологии образования 17, no. 2 (2020): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/bppe.2020170213.
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The article considers practical and organizational aspects that must be observed when examining the conditions of education for children with disabilities. These conditions should have their own specifics and comply with the recommendations of the Psychological, Medical and Pedagogical Commission (PMPC). The presented materials are practical and applied developments of specialists of the Center of Psychological, Pedagogical, Medical and Social Assistance “Lado”. They are used by the experts of the Commission when monitoring the activities of psychological and pedagogical councils of educational organizations on the territory of Polevskoy city. The purpose of the monitoring is to assess the extent to which the PMPC recommendations are taken into account in the work of the councils. The article also reveals the potential of the examination procedure as a systemic analysis aimed at assessing — in a particular institution — the quality of special conditions necessary for the education of children with disabilities and increasing the effectiveness of their psychological and pedagogical support.
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RYAN, RICHARD M., JULIUS KUHL, and EDWARD L. DECI. "Nature and autonomy: An organizational view of social and neurobiological aspects of self-regulation in behavior and development." Development and Psychopathology 9, no. 4 (December 1997): 701–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579497001405.
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The concepts of self-regulation and autonomy are examined within an organizational framework. We begin by retracing the historical origins of the organizational viewpoint in early debates within the field of biology between vitalists and reductionists, from which the construct of self-regulation emerged. We then consider human autonomy as an evolved behavioral, developmental, and experiential phenomenon that operates at both neurobiological and psychological levels and requires very specific supports within higher order social organizations. We contrast autonomy or true self-regulation with controlling regulation (a nonautonomous form of intentional behavior) in phenomenological and functional terms, and we relate the forms of regulation to the developmental processes of intrinsic motivation and internalization. Subsequently, we describe how self-regulation versus control may be characterized by distinct neurobiological underpinnings, and we speculate about some of the adaptive advantages that may underlie the evolution of autonomy. Throughout, we argue that disturbances of autonomy, which have both biological and psychological etiologies, are central to many forms of psychopathology and social alienation.
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Prayudi, Made Aristia, Gusti Ayu Ketut Rencana Sari Dewi, and Putu Riesty Masdiantini. "Logic model evaluation and the analysis of job motivation for pre-paring the performance indicators of government institution: case of Klungkung, Bali." Indonesian Accounting Review 10, no. 2 (September 15, 2020): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.14414/tiar.v10i2.2039.
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When compared to other districts in Bali Province, Klungkung has the lowest performance accountability score. The current study aims to evaluate the technical and psychological aspects of performance indicators development process of the local government. The technical aspect evaluation was done by implementing logic model analysis procedures and adopting a four-quadrant analysis approach. The psychological aspect analysis was conducted by examining the motivational factors taken from the perspective of Institutional Theory for determining individual behavior in developing performance indicators in governmental organizations. The results show that there is a discrepancy in the number of performance indicators presented in the planning and performance reporting documents, as well as an absence of logical relationships among them. Psychologically, the quality of Klungkung’s performance indicators development is determined by the perception of the performance indicators matrix difficulty, the perceived usefulness of technical training, the level of top management commitment, the assertiveness enforcement of the regulations, and the existence of social pressure and pressure on professionalism. It can be implied that technical policies need to be formulated by local government organizations.
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Belyj, Konstantin Vyatcheslavovitch. "Documentation of party organization of the Moscow Automobile Factory named after I. A. Likhachev as a source on history of the company." Исторический журнал: научные исследования, no. 6 (June 2020): 72–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0609.2020.6.33804.
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The subject of this research is the documentation of party organization of the Moscow Automobile Factory named after I. A. Likhachev (known fully as the Public Joint-Stock Company – Likhachov Plant ZIL, Moscow Automobile Society AMO ZIL) as a source on history of the enterprise. The goal of this research consists in determination of information capacity and possibilities of using documentary materials accumulated as a result of work of the primary party organizations of industrial enterprises of the Soviet period, namely with regards to the least studied aspects: social conditions, socio-psychological, and socio-cultural. The analysis of sources demonstrates that the materials of factory party organizations, particularly Moscow Automobile Factory named after I. A. Likhachev, represent one of the most valuable groups of sources in studying the history of a single company and industrial enterprise. They feature high information capacity on the key aspects of the company, including social. It is underlined that the party documentation was used by the Soviet researchers fragmentary and at times not objectively for multiple reasons; therefore, one of the tasks for the historians lies in comprehensive reconstruction of reliable scientific history of enterprises overall, and their party organizations in particular.
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Puzanova, Zh V., V. M. Filippov, M. A. Simonova, and T. I. Larina. "Domestic sexual child abuse: Social and social-cultural aspects." RUDN Journal of Sociology 21, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 311–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2021-21-2-311-321.
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The ratification of the Lanzarote Convention by Russia in 2013 entails several issues that cannot be resolved without the help of social-humanitarian sciences. Information from sociology, psychology, and jurisprudence has been used to create a concept for the empirical study of the domestic violence against children - to improve the implementation of the Convention in Russia. The concept considers two aspects of the problem - social and social-cultural. The article presents the Russian experience of how the provisions of the Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse are implemented. The authors analyze statistical data on the number of families in which a sexually abused child is brought up; the number of abortions and childbirths by minors; the number of minors in educational colonies; the work of the childrens helpline; the number of mediation services; the number of social service organizations for families and children; the number of professionals working with children in programs aimed at preventing and protecting children from sexual exploitation and abuse; the number of organizations providing psychological-pedagogical and medical-social assistance; the number of specialized multifunctional centers providing assistance to families and child victims of sexual abuse; the number of specialized green rooms for investigating crimes related to minors; the number of specialists accompanying minors who have come into conflict with the law at all stages of the investigation and court proceedings; the number of professionals trained under the Child Sexual Violence Protection Program and now assisting families and child victims of violence. The article will be useful for readers who study the implementation of the Lanzarote Convention and the issues of child sexual abuse and domestic violence.
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Meringolo, Patrizia. "Juvenile Justice System in Italy. Research and interventions." Universitas Psychologica 11, no. 4 (July 12, 2012): 1092. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.upsy11-4.jjsi.
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This paper talks about the juvenile justice system in Italy. The author describes the interventions done with minors, boys and girls aged from 14 until 18 years, who have committed offenses of the civil or penal code, by the New Code of Criminal Procedure for Minors (1988). The Procedures have had some positive psychological aspects, aimed to avoid detention, thanks to alternative measures and strategies for inclusion, including also the minors living in the South, that are often involved in mafia-crimes. Nonetheless there are more negative psychological issues, because alternative punishments are not often applied to minors that lack social networks, particularly to foreign ones. Three examples of participatory researches will be shown, promoted by the Municipality of Florence, Department of Psychology and Third Sector Associations, aimed to promote psychological and social inclusion of minors (particularly those coming from abroad), with the commitment of active citizenship organizations, with an evaluation of their strengths and weaknesses.
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Burakanova, G. M., A. G. Orazgaliyeva, and S. M. Pinaev. "Psychological, pedagogical, and digital aspects of distance learning in Kazakhstan in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic." SHS Web of Conferences 113 (2021): 00021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111300021.
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Аbstract. The article provides an assessment by the participants of the educational process (students, teachers, administration) of the transition to distance learning in educational organizations in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, based on a survey conducted in all regions of Kazakhstan. The results of the study showed that the emergency transition of universities to distance learning in connection with the pandemic declared by WHO had a significant impact on the quality and organization of the pedagogical process. This is largely due to the insufficient level of readiness of the relevant state bodies to ensure the material and technical transition to distance learning linked to the previous low rates of digitalization of infrastructure and the ways of interaction between relevant government agencies and educational institutions of the country. Most of the students studied using a smartphone, which signals the lack of a high-quality and efficient educational online platform. The results of the study revealed the need for diversified psychological, pedagogical, and methodological training of teachers in the framework of cyber pedagogy.
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Masaldzhiyska, S. "THE INFLUENCE OF MANAGERS’ EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON THEIR WORK PERFORMANCE IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS (EMPIRICAL STUDY)." Trakia Journal of Sciences 17, no. 2 (2019): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2019.02.005.
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In recent decades, the number of theoretical studies related to the psychological aspects of human resource management has increased. In the context of behavioral sciences, the orientation of scientists and researchers to the inner essence of individuals, to thought processes and the feelings of people at the workplace, and hence to the resulting work behavior, is completely natural. Work productivity stems from a certain type of employee behavior, and a number of factors influence this behavior in people’s work activity. Emotional intelligence is one of the key factors influencing the work behavior of business organizations' leaders. This component encompasses abilities and skills that orient the behavior of managers in their work performance in a direction consistent with the organizational goals and the personal goals of each of these leaders.
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Kovalenko, A. B., E. Yu Gryshuk, and N. I. Rohal. "PSYCHOLOGICAL MEANS FOR WOMEN’S SHYNESS OVERCOMING." Ukrainian Psychological Journal, no. 2 (12) (2019): 72–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/upj.2019.2(12).5.
Full textAbstract:
The article analyses psychological factors of women’s shyness and ways to overcome it. The research on shyness of 18–22-year old women has help us determine its causes; the most significant of them are insufficient self-confidence and fears of negative assessments. Women with heavy shyness are prone to solitude, have problems with their identification in the family; they evaluate, feel and experience acutely their own imperfections and take guidance from opinions of others and social acceptance; they expect usually criticism and negative assessments from other people, etc. To overcome women’s shyness, the training program was developed that covered the following aspects: the notion of shyness and the causes of its emergence, the peculiarities of shyness influence on women’s life, the methods to reduce shyness, the negative factors affecting shyness. The proposed training consisted of four units: the first block was aimed at familiarizing of its participants with the notion of shyness, its factors and possible ways of overcoming; the participants’ expectations from the training and discussion of the psychological peculiarities of shyness in women’s life were collected during the second block; the third one was aimed at development of knowledge and skills for shy behaviour regulation; the final survey, feedback and training conclusion were done during the fourth block. After the training program approbation, the participating women changed significantly to the way of improvement a number of their own assessments: shyness, introversion / extraversion, attitude to shyness as a desirable trait. Women re-evaluated their ability to overcome shyness and became more willing to work on themselves and apply efforts for changes. The following personal traits of women were also improved: openness, independence and courage, autonomy, social activity and social adaptability; such socializing institutions as school, informal organizations and the Internet have become more important for them.