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de Araujo, Cristiano Miranda, Angela Graciela Deliga Schroder, Bianca Marques de Mattos de Araujo, Bianca L. Cavalcante-Leão, José Stechman-Neto, Bianca Simone Zeigelboim, Rosane Sampaio Santos, and Odilon Guariza-Filho. "Impact of orthodontic-surgical treatment on quality of life: a meta-analysis." European Journal of Orthodontics 42, no. 3 (November 30, 2019): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjz093.
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Summary Background Orthognathic surgery involves a change in the patient’s functional and aesthetic aspects. Objective The objective was to answer the following focused question: what is the impact on quality of life (QoL; aesthetic, function, social, and psychological aspects) in patients undergoing orthodontic-surgical treatment? Search methods Appropriate word combinations and truncations were selected and tailored specifically for each electronic database: PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature and gray literature. Selection criteria Studies that met the following criteria was included: patients with dentofacial deformity (P); surgical correction through orthodontic-surgical treatment (E/I); before orthodontic-surgical treatment or patients with no dentofacial deformity (C); QoL (O); cross-sectional, cohort, case-control and randomized or non-randomized clinical trial (S). Data collection and analysis In phase 1, two reviewers independently reviewed the titles and abstracts of all references. All articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded. In phase 2, the same reviewers completely read the selected articles independently. Results A total of 2879 articles were retrieved during the final database search. Fifty-two articles were selected for full reading, of which 16 were excluded, resulting in 36 included articles. The meta-analysis was performed using 13 of the selected studies. When comparing the period before any treatment with the post-operative period of 4–8 weeks, there was an association only for facial aesthetics (mean difference = 3.00; 95 per cent confidence interval = 1.10–4.89; inconsistency index = 63 per cent). The comparison between the period before any treatment with the 6 month post-operative period showed an improved QoL in all of the domains evaluated and, when comparing data after the orthodontic-surgical preparation (before surgery) and after 5–12 months of surgery, there was also statistical significance with an increased QoL for all of the domains evaluated. Conclusions In conclusion, based on the results of this systematic review and meta-analysis, the evidence suggests an improvement in the QoL of patients undergoing orthodontic-surgical treatment regarding aesthetic, functional, social, and psychological aspects. Registration CRD42017069495
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Doede, Aubrey L., Emma M. Mitchell, Dan Wilson, Reanna Panagides, and Mônica Oliveira Batista Oriá. "Knowledge, Beliefs, and Attitudes About Breast Cancer Screening in Latin America and the Caribbean: An In-Depth Narrative Review." Journal of Global Oncology, no. 4 (December 2018): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.00053.
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Purpose Breast cancer (BCA) is the most common cancer and leading cause of cancer mortality among women in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), and the number of deaths from BCA is expected to continue to increase. Although barriers to care include the physical accessibility of screening resources, personal and cultural barriers must be explored to understand necessary next steps to increase access to preventive care. The purpose of this in-depth narrative literature review was to explore empiric literature that surrounds the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs toward BCA screening practices among women in LAC. To our knowledge, this is the first literature review to include articles from all countries and national languages (Portuguese, English, and Spanish) that pertain to this topic. Methods OVID Medline, CINAHL, and Web of Science/SciELO were used to identify articles. Thirty-five articles were included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results Themes identified in the literature included knowledge about screening procedures and cause of cancer; knowledge sources; catalysts and deterrents for screening, such as family support, family history; social support or taboo, fear, self-neglect, cost, and transportation; and the perception of the screening experience. Conclusion In addition to physical availability of resources and health care personnel, there is a necessity for culturally competent community educational interventions across all aspects of BCA screening and prevention. In light of the barriers to preventive health care, providers such as nurses and community health workers are uniquely qualified to provide culturally appropriate and individualized health education to address cultural and psychological barriers to BCA screening.
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Santos, Joao Carlos Alves dos. "Atuação dos enfermeiros na dor aguda torácica: Revisão integrativa." Revista Brasileira de Educação e Saúde 6, no. 4 (December 31, 2016): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18378/rebes.v6i4.4421.
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<p>A dor torácica é uma queixa comum nos serviços de saúde e os enfermeiros devem estar preparados para o primeiro atendimento bem como o cuidado de maior duração nas unidades especializadas ou não para o atendimento integral<strong>. </strong>Objetivou-se analisar a produção da literatura nacional sobre a realidade da ação do enfermeiro na dor torácica aguda sugestiva de síndrome coronariana aguda nos serviços de saúde. O trabalho<strong> </strong>trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada na base de dados da Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) no portal eletrônico da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Utilizaram-se os descritores em português. Selecionaram-se publicações no corte temporal, de 2011 à 2016. Foram sistematizados por intermédio de um instrumento, seguido de leitura com análise textual, temática e interpretativa dos dados. Encontraram-se ao todo 359 produções científicas. Todavia, apenas 10 estudos foram selecionados e revisados conforme os critérios de inclusão. A maioria das produções fizeram apontamentos assinalando proposições ou lacunas sobre as contribuições de sua pesquisa para literatura. Identificou-se que dentro da atuação do enfermeiro frente à síndrome coronariana aguda destacam-se o cuidado sistematizado individualizado; conhecimento sobre exames e medicações e aspectos de relação do paciente com o agravo cardíaco na perspectiva individual, socioeconômica e psicológica. Existem poucas<strong> </strong>produções nos últimos anos em detrimento da enorme relevância do tema e por se um tema constantemente atualizado. Vários domínios da enfermagem, em especial das atividades do enfermeiro, ainda não foram discutidas na literatura sobre a realidade do profissional com o tema abordado. Entretanto, a presente revisão integrativa pôde contribuir para a ampliação e disseminação de conhecimentos referentes à questão pesquisada, servindo de fonte de informação.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>The work of nurses in acute chest pain: An integrative review</em></strong><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong>: Chest pain is a common complaint in the health services and nurses must be prepared for the first service as well as the care of longer duration in specialized units or not for the comprehensive care. Objective: analyzing what has been produced in the national literature on reality of nurses’ action in acute chest pain suggestive of acute coronary syndrome in health services. The work this is an integrative review, performed in the Latin American database and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS) on the electronic portal of the Virtual Health Library (VHL). We used the descriptors in Portuguese. We selected publications in the temporal cutting, from 2011 to 2016. They were summarized by means of an instrument, followed by reading in textual, thematic and interpretation analysis of the data. We found a total of 359 scientific productions. However, only 10 studies were selected and reviewed according to the inclusion criteria. Most productions made notes indicating propositions or gaps on contributions of their search for literature. It was found that in the work of the nurse facing the acute coronary syndrome the individualized care is highlighted; knowledge of tests and medications and aspects of patient’s relationship with heart condition in the individual, socioeconomic and psychological perspective. There are few productions in recent years at the expense of huge relevance of the theme and since it is a constantly updated theme. Several areas of nursing and especially the nurse’s activities have not yet been discussed in the literature on the reality of the professional with the relevant topic. However, this integrative review could contribute to the expansion and dissemination of knowledge related to the research question, serving as a source of information.</p>
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Fraguell, Clara, Joaquín T. Limonero, and Francisco Gil. "Psychological aspects of meaning-centered group psychotherapy: Spanish experience." Palliative and Supportive Care 16, no. 3 (May 8, 2017): 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951517000293.
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ABSTRACTObjective:Our aim was to identify the themes that arise when applying adapted meaning-centered group psychotherapy (MCGP) in Spanish-speaking advanced cancer patients.Method:A mixed qualitative–quantitative analysis was performed on the transcripts of interviews with 22 advanced cancer patients who had been assigned to three MCGP subgroups.Results:We found six new emergent themes in addition to the originally constructed themes of MCGP. Threat and uncertainty were the two most frequent emergent issues for our Spanish patients.Significance of results:The implementation of MCGP in Spanish patients validated the themes proposed by Breitbart and colleagues' foundational work on MCGP and also suggested new issues relevant to patient well-being (classified as “emergent themes”). Taking our findings into account, we propose that these new themes be considered in the Spanish adaptation of MCGP as well as in future adaptations of this form of psychotherapy in treating Latin American patients.
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Upegui-Hernández, Débora. "I. What is missing in the transnational migration literature? A Latin American feminist psychological perspective." Feminism & Psychology 22, no. 2 (November 30, 2011): 228–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959353511415831.
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Wirth-Nesher, Hana. "Cross Scripts: Inscribing Hebrew into Jewish American Literature." Journal of Jewish Languages 8, no. 1-2 (September 9, 2020): 90–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134638-bja10001.
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Abstract Most Jewish immigrants to America during the early 20th century arrived speaking Yiddish or Ladino and using Hebrew and Aramaic for liturgical purposes. When subsequent generations abandoned the first two languages, Hebrew and Aramaic were retained, used primarily for liturgy and rites of passage. Jewish American writers have often inserted Hebrew into their English texts by either reproducing the original alphabet or transliterating into Latin letters. This essay focuses on diverse strategies for representing liturgical Hebrew with an emphasis on the poetic, thematic, and sociolinguistic aspects of these expressions of both home and the foreign. Hebrew transliteration is discussed for its literary (rather than phonetic) rendering, for its multilingual creative contact with the other languages and cultures of each narrative. Among the authors whose works are discussed are Philip Roth, Michael Chabon, Nathan Englander, Joshua Cohen, Achy Obejas, and Gary Shteyngart.
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Bucheli, Marcelo. "Major Trends in the Historiography of the Latin American Oil Industry." Business History Review 84, no. 2 (2010): 339–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007680500002646.
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The historiography of Latin America's oil industry has evolved since the period between the 1960s and the 1980s, when most scholars were focusing on the rise of nationalism in reaction to the multinationals' control of the oil sector. Beginning in the 1990s, the emergence of new methodologies enabled historians to study other aspects of the industry, such as its environmental and cultural impact, local elites' role in its development, the industry's impact on the long-term development of Latin American countries, and the organizational evolution of state-owned oil companies. However, the literature continues to be dominated by studies of Mexico, while the subject of oil consumption is largely ignored.
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Khalil, Haider ibrahim. "The psychological factors and tragedy aspects in the selected plays of American dramatist Eugene O’Neill." Science Proceedings Series 1, no. 2 (April 24, 2019): 147–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/sps.v1i2.819.
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The abstract of this paper is present the tragedy and psychological aspects of Eugene O’Neill‘s selected plays. The main objective is to review the dramatic life of the father of American drama and find out some tragic and psychological aspect in the plays such as Desire under the Elm, The strange interlude, the long day’s journey into night and other. The analysis is the narrative analysis as well as the data collection are to scan some psychological and tragedy concepts in original content plays. The main issues of the study is to make a link to the tragedy and psychological aspects in these selected plays. Furthermore to narrate about the dramatist and his literary life in literature especially in drama.
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Sarto de Lucena, Manoela, Raquel Carvalho Hoersting, and João Gabriel Modesto. "The sociocultural and psychological adaptation of Syrian refugees in Brazil." Psico 51, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): e34372. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1980-8623.2020.3.34372.
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Considering the challenges of the cultural adaptation process for refugees and the importance of analyzing these in a Latin American context, the present study aimed to investigate the influence of cultural orientations and cultural distance on psychological and sociocultural adaptation of Syrian refugees living in Brazil. Eighty-four adult Syrian refugees, living in Brazil for at least 6 months completed an online survey regarding acculturation variables. Results showed that greater perception of cultural distance was related to lower sociocultural adaptation; higher rates of home culture orientation were related to low psychological and sociocultural adaptation. Having a Brazilian culture orientation was related with better psychological and sociocultural adaptation. The present research has theoretical and practical implications, allowing for a better understanding of some aspects of the adaptation of Syrian refugees in Brazil.
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Gómez-de-Tejada, Jesús. "Parodia, intertextualidad y sátira en la narrativa policial de Lorenzo Lunar Cardedo." Studia Romanica Posnaniensia 47, no. 1 (March 15, 2020): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/strop.2020.471.001.
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Detective fiction as parodic reformulation of genre’s defining patterns has a long history in the Latin American tradition: Borges, Bioy Casares, Soriano, Levrero, Ibargüengoitia, etc. Besides, the evolution of Latin American detective genre has always been characterized by a progressive focalization in the social aspects over the detective story line which has served as a mask to depict in a critical way the flaws of the region’s societies and governments. In nowadays Cuba it could be highlighted the crime narrative of parodic slant by Lorenzo Lunar Cardedo. Among the major features of Lunar Cardedo’s style there are the marginal atmospheres, the stylization of popular speech, the intertextuality, the humor, the parody, and the social criticism. This article focuses on the parodic, intertextual and satiric aspects of his work, particularly discernible in the novel Proyecto en negro (2013), in which the author emphasizes – in opposition to the official discourse – the perpetuation of corrupt, chauvinist, racist, and homophobic behaviors in contemporary Cuba, while relaxing the genre formula limits in order to follow a much more irreverent path within the new Latin American detective fiction.
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Zhizhko, Olena. "Psychological and educational aspects of p. freire’s pedagogy and its implementation in the training of professionals in Latin America." Comparative Professional Pedagogy 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rpp-2014-0002.
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ABSTRACT The article is dedicated to the results of scientific-pedagogical research, which presupposed the analysis of psychological and educational aspects of P. Freire’s pedagogy and its implementation in the training of professionals in Latin America. The analysis of scientific-pedagogical works of such Latin American scientists as M. Arnold, A. Díaz-Barriga, M. Fernández-Enguita, A. Hirsch-Adler, T. Pacheco-Mendez, A. Richard, M. Suarez-Peñaloza, C. Tunnermann-Bernheim, et al. gives reason to believe that the concept of profession is embodied in certain socio-economic activities recognized by society, and by doing that, the person receives remuneration, appropriate to his/her knowledge, abilities, skills and obtains a social status which is established by community. The professional education is defined as an organic holistic education - a system that ensures the reproduction of the productive forces (with higher or secondary qualifications) of the society. It is also the process and result of the acquisition (in the formal, informal and non-formal forms) of a certain level of knowledge, skills, norms and values of a particular profession and making a final cultural identity, which, among other values, includes environmental responsibility for our actions. It has an integral connection with adult education. It has been found out that the training of specialists in Latin America is based on psychological and pedagogical aspects of pedagogy of P. Freire: the separation of powers, foresight that is not vertical, as in a traditional educational model, but has a horizontal location of the participants of the educational process and their active participation in it.
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Colclough, Yoshiko Yamashita. "Native American Death Taboo: Implications for Health Care Providers." American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® 34, no. 6 (March 16, 2016): 584–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049909116638839.
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This study was conducted to highlight Native American (NA) perspectives on death taboo in order to examine the cultural appropriateness of hospice services for NA patients, if any. Searching literature that addressed taboo and death from historical, psychological, sociological, and anthropological aspects, a comparison of death perspectives was made between NAs and European Americans. A culturally sensitive transition from palliative care to hospice care was suggested for NA patients and their family.
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Olarte-Sierra, María Fernanda, Nuria Rossell, Marcela Zubieta, and Julia Challinor. "Parent Engagement and Agency in Latin American Childhood Cancer Treatment: A Qualitative Investigation." JCO Global Oncology, no. 6 (November 2020): 1729–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/go.20.00306.
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PURPOSE Parent engagement in childhood cancer treatment is central for positive outcomes. Aspects of fruitful engagement have been described mainly in high-income countries (HICs) where family autonomy is valued, health care provider-patient relationships are less hierarchical, and active family participation in health care is welcomed. In many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), these aspects are not always valued or encouraged. We explored childhood cancer treatment engagement in Latin America as part of a larger engagement study in 10 LMICs worldwide. METHODS A qualitative investigation was conducted with parents (with the exception of one grandmother and two aunts in loco parentis; n = 21) of children with cancer in El Salvador, Peru, and Mexico. Participants were recruited by two Childhood Cancer International foundations and two local hospitals. A pediatric oncology psychologist and a medical anthropologist (experienced, native Latin Americans researchers) conducted focus-group discussions and in-depth interviews that were recorded and transcribed, and analyzed data. RESULTS Parents in the three countries actively engage in their child’s treatment, despite challenges of communicating effectively with health care staff. Hierarchical health care provider relationships and generalized socioeconomic disparities and cultural diversity with health care staff notwithstanding, parents find ways to navigate cancer treatment by exerting their agency and exploiting resources they have at hand. CONCLUSION In Latin America, engagement materializes in ways that are not necessarily reflected in existing literature from HICs and, thus, engagement may seem nonexistent. Health care teams’ recognition of parents’ substantial sacrifices to adhere to complex demands as treatment engagement, may positively impact the children’s (and family’s) quality of life, treatment experience, adherence, and posttreatment circumstances.
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Bonilla, Nidia, Lorena Cudris, Beatriz Mendoza, Andrés Gamboa, and Jesús Forgiony-Santos5. "Health Strategies in Latin America for the Elderly in relation to COVID-19." Gaceta Médica de Caracas 128, S2 (December 1, 2020): S301—S311. http://dx.doi.org/10.47307/gmc.2020.128.s2.17.
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Introduction: The quarantine measures adopted because of the COVID-19 pandemic have involved the design and implementation of health programs to mitigate the effects of the pandemic and to understand the mental health implications for the elderly, one of the most vulnerable population groups. Objective: To characterize the strategies and programs implemented by Latin American countries due to the COVID-19 pandemic, focused on the older population. Methods: Forty-five documents were reviewed including scientific articles, decrees, and guidelines issued by the Ministries of Health of 13 Latin American countries under the search criteria, COVID 19, health, and older adults. Results: Strategies were implemented according to the stages and levels of incidence of the pandemic, the most vulnerable groups were protected in the case of the elderly aged 60 or 65. It allowed classifying the countries according to the objective of their health actions focused on prevention, promotion, rehabilitation, and recovery of the patient. Discussion: The health services have been reoriented by prioritizing the increase of health promotion and disease prevention through information, education, and communication strategies. Conclusions: The health emergency decreed by the countries did not prioritize strategies or policies against the emotional and mental aspects, and the subsequent affectations of social isolation that test the strategies and psychological resources of the new normality.
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Gómez-de-Regil, Lizzette, Damaris F. Estrella-Castillo, and Julio Vega-Cauich. "Psychological Intervention in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients." Behavioural Neurology 2019 (May 2, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6937832.
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Objective. To provide a brief and comprehensive summary of recent research regarding psychological interventions for patients surviving a traumatic brain injury. Methods. A bibliographical search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, PsycNET, Scopus, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar online databases. Analysis included distribution by year of publication, age stage of participants (paediatric, adult), location of the research team, study design, type of intervention, and main outcome variables. Results. The initial search eliciting 1541 citations was reduced to 62 relevant papers. Most publications had adult samples (88.7%). The United States outstands as the country with more research (58.1%); Latin America countries provided no results. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) was the most widely used approach for treatment of (sub)clinical mental disturbances (41.9%). Neuropsychological interventions were scarce (4.8%). Outcome measures included psychiatric disorders (e.g., posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety) (37.1%), postconcussive symptoms (16.1%), cognitive and functional deficits (48.1%), and social and psychological dimensions (62.9%). Conclusions. CBT outstands as the preferred therapeutic approach for treating behavioural and emotional disturbances. Also, other related therapies such as dialectical behaviour, mindfulness, and acceptance and commitment therapies have been proposed, and probably in the years to come, more literature regarding their effectiveness will be available. On the other hand, evidence showed that interventions from the field of neuropsychology are minimal if compared with its contribution to assessment. Future research should be aimed at performing studies on more diverse populations (e.g., nonmilitary communities and paediatric and Latin American populations) and at controlling designs to examine the therapeutic efficacy of psychotherapeutic and neurocognitive rehabilitation interventions and compare amelioration by injury severity, age of patients, and clinical profile, in the hopes of creating better guidelines for practitioners.
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FERREIRA, TALIEH SHAIKHZADEH VAHDAT, and ORLEANS SILVA MARTINS. "RELATIONSHIP ANALYSIS BETWEEN DISCLOSURE ON THE INTERNET, RISK AND RETURN IN LATIN AMERICAN COMPANIES." RAM. Revista de Administração Mackenzie 18, no. 2 (April 2017): 154–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-69712016/administracao.v18n2p154-183.
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ABSTRACT Purpose: This study sought to examine the extent to which the internet it is utilized as a tool for the disclosure of corporate information, facilitating the transparency of companies in relation to their stakeholders. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: This study differs from previous as it fills a gap in the literature to relate a disclosure measure on the internet with the risk and return of companies in Latin America, since this literature is only possible to identify studies that analyze these variables independently or with respect to other factors. Key methodological aspects: The sample included 758 companies listed on four major exchanges in Latin America (Argentina, Chile, Brazil and Mexico), and its disclosure level was quantified and its relationship with risk and return were verified by Tobit regressions. Summary of key results: The results show that it is possible to observe that the issue of ADRs, the size and liquidity affect the relationship between disclosure, risk and return. Also, the disclosure has advanced in the region over the years, especially in Brazil. However, no significant differences were identified between the countries, to the point of impact relations with the risk and return of companies. Key considerations/conclusions: The main contributions are the expansion of evidence on these variables, relating them to each other in emerging markets.
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Freitas, Carlos Machado de, Simone Gomes de Oliveira, Gabriel Eduardo Schütz, Marcelo Bessa Freitas, and Mariana Panchita Gómez Camponovo. "Ecosystem approaches and health in Latin America." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 23, no. 2 (February 2007): 283–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2007000200004.
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Important environmental changes that have become increasingly pronounced in the last two centuries and that are seriously affecting human health require the development of integrated and participatory scientific approaches that can result in proposals for institutional and public policy changes. The purpose of this article is to offer some elements that can contribute to a line of reflection based on studies with ecosystem approaches in the Latin America context. The authors begin with a brief description of current scientific literature in public health that links ecosystems and human health in Latin America; next, they describe and compare the two prevailing trends that form the basis for the theoretical and methodological debates on ecosystem approaches; they also review the empirical research in Latin America or concerning Latin American countries in which an ecosystem approach has been adopted. The results point to limited scientific output on the interface between ecosystems and human health; aspects involving public participation and implementation of institutional changes and public policies are still in a rather incipient stage.
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Pascual-López, Xavier. "La herencia de las Sententiae de Publilio Siro en las paremias españolas en torno a la avaricia." Studia Romanica Posnaniensia 46, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/strop.2019.464.009.
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The aim of this paper is to present the Spanish proverbs related to the topic of greed that can be understood as a continuation of Publilius Syrus’ sentences. For the analysis are taken into account the contributions of two Hellenistic philosophical schools (Stoicism and Epicureanism), which illuminate the scope of the criticism of greed that occurs in these proverbs, both from a psychological as a social point of view. Latin sentences and Spanish proverbs are compared according to their formal or semantic continuity, as well as depending on other aspects (such as the tone or prosodic issues).
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Wagner, Patrick, Alberto Perales, Rodolfo Armas, Oscar Codas, Raul De los Santos, Daniel Elio-Calvo, Juan Mendoza-Vega, et al. "Latin American Bases and Perspectives on Person Centered Medicine and Health." International Journal of Person Centered Medicine 4, no. 4 (May 20, 2015): 220–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/ijpcm.v4i4.494.
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Background: This paper emerges as part of a process lead by the National Academy of Medicine of Peru in close collaboration with other Latin American National Academies of Medicine, major universities and health professional institutionsObjectives: To describe and substantiate the importance of Person Centered Medicine (PCM) in the Latin American context. Methodology: Review of Latin American scientific literature and experiences on this issue and organization of academic meetings to deliberate on related problems, two preliminary ones in Lima in December 2013 and January 2014, a third one in Buenos Aires at the Second International Congress of Person Centered Medicine with the participation of the National Academies of Medicine of Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and Peru (November, 2014), and a fourth in Lima with the presence of the National Academies of Medicine of Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay and Peru (December, 2014). Results: Historical and contemporary, universal and local precedents to the gestation and development of a re-prioritization of medicine in relation to the Person in context are pointed out, articulating for such purpose science and humanism. The concept of Person in medicine from a philosophical point of view, including terminological, historical and human rights dimensions, are discussed. Upon these bases, the central concepts of PCM are considered, emphasizing its pertinence in clinical medicine as well as in public health, clinical care, education, research, and health policies. In regards to clinical education and practice, the PCM concept as a fundamental strategic principle, its programmatic educational applications and its institutionalization at a medical school level are proposed. The importance of ethical training and clinical communication as well as the appropriate use of technology and scientific evidence at the service of the Person are highlighted. Available institutional opportunities for health professional interdisciplinary education as well as Latin American educational perspectives are discussed. Scientific research on PCM is highlighted particularly concerning studies on conceptualization, measurement and diagnosis, including the need to construct narrative complementary instruments. Furthermore, perspectives on health policies centered on the person and the community are considered as well as contributions and recommendations derived from Latin American experience on this topic. Conclusions: PCM values biologic, psychological and socio-cultural scientific advances, processing them within the comprehensive framework of the Person, articulating science as an essential instrument and humanism as the essence of medicine. In contraposition to reductionist epistemological formulations, PCM proposes a medicine informed by evidence and experience and oriented towards the totality of the person.
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Silva, Arayana Gomes da, Viviane Siqueira Cavalcanti, Tâmyssa Simões dos Santos, Gabriela Rodrigues Bragagnollo, Karen da Silva Santos, Ivanilde Miciele da Silva Santos, Kristiana Cerqueira Mousinho, and Cinira Magali Fortuna. "Integrative review of literature: nursing care to aged people with HIV." Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 71, suppl 2 (2018): 884–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0264.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To identify evidences in scientific Brazilian literature on nursing care to aged people with HIV. Method: Integrative review of literature from databases: Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO), Cochrane and the Nursing Database (BDENF). The applied inclusion criteria were publications that were fully available from 2001 to 2015 and answered to the guiding question of this study. Results: We included 13 studies; and the categories that allowed a better presentation of the scientific evidence on nursing care to aged people with HIV carrier were: Epidemiological profile, perceptions and experiences of aged people with HIV and nursing care to aged people with HIV. Conclusion: The studies address nursing care from a clinic that follows NANDA diagnoses of strong individualizing approach and low consideration of social aspects.
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Vanegas, Emanuel, Miguel Felix, German D. Ramon, Orlando López Jove, Edgar Emilio Matos Benavides, Iván Tinoco-Morán, Jonathan A. Bernstein, and Iván Cherrez-Ojeda. "Influence of alexithymia on the management of Latin American patients with asthma: A cross-sectional study." SAGE Open Medicine 8 (January 2020): 205031212093091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312120930913.
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Objectives: In asthmatic patients, studies suggest that alexithymia leads to negative consequences and emotions that can affect physical, psychological, and social aspects of life. We designed this study to determine the frequency of alexithymia in Latin American patients with asthma, as well as to understand how this personality trait and each of its components interact with asthma severity and demographic variables, and their implications on treatment adherence and disease control under such setting. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study, involving 265 Latin American patients with asthma. Patient demographics and clinical characteristics were reported. The presence of alexithymia, asthma severity, and control, as well as treatment adherence, was analyzed. To assess the presence of alexithymia, the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale was used. For the statistical analyses, we performed Kendall’s tau-b correlation coefficient, chi-square tests for association, and one-way analysis of variance. Results: A total of 265 patients participated in the study with a gender distribution of 69.4% female and an average age of 54.7 years. In total, 30.2% of individuals presented alexithymia. There was a statistically significant correlation between educational level and 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale categories ( p < .001), as well as a higher proportion of severe (35.1%, p = .001) and uncontrolled (50.0%, p = .185) asthma in patients with alexithymia. A higher proportion of patients with some level of non-adherence was seen on those with uncontrolled asthma (68.5%, p = .008). Conclusion: Our results suggest that in our sample, 3 in 10 Latin American asthma patients have alexithymia, and such mental condition is more common in those individuals with lower educational levels. Individuals with alexithymia present with severe asthma more frequently than do patients with possible or no alexithymia and are also more likely to have their disease uncontrolled.
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Libanio, Gilberto A. "Unit roots in macroeconomic time series: theory, implications, and evidence." Nova Economia 15, no. 3 (December 2005): 145–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-63512005000300006.
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The theme of unit roots in macroeconomic time series has received a great amount of theoretical and applied research in the last two decades. This paper presents some of the main issues regarding unit root tests, explores some of the implications for macroeconomic theory and policy, and reviews the recent evidence on the presence of unit roots in GDP series for Latin American countries. We conclude that a consensual view on many of the aspects involved has not emerged from this literature.
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Saether, Steinar A. "Bourbon Absolutism and Marriage Reform in Late Colonial Spanish America." Americas 59, no. 4 (April 2003): 475–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.2003.0056.
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The study of marriageways in colonial Latin America has altered and deepened our understanding of the societies and cultures within the Spanish and Portuguese empires of the New World. During the last thirty or forty years a series of studies have explored the complex and varied patterns of marriage and family formation in colonial Latin America. Inspired by the work of Peter Laslett, Lawrence Stone and Louis Flandrin among others, historians of the region have produced a rich historical literature on the demographic, social and cultural aspects of colonial marriageways. Most studies have focused on the late colonial period, and the years after 1778 when the Pragmática sanción de matrimonios (first issued in Spain in 1776) was extended to Spanish America. One effect of the new law was an astonishing outpouring of reports, questions, lawsuits and regulations concerning marriage, which in turn have been seized upon by historians to reconstruct important aspects of late colonial Latin American societies. Despite the frequent use of these sources, the legislation itself has received little serious attention, and several basic misunderstandings prevail regarding its background and meaning. As a consequence, the political implications of marriage have been poorly understood.
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Costa, Talita Cassanta, Miriam Lopes, Anna Cláudia Yokoyama dos Anjos, and Marcia Maria Fontão Zago. "Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathies: an integrative review of the literature." Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP 49, no. 2 (April 2015): 0335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0080-623420150000200020.
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OBJECTIVE: To identify scientific studies and to deepen the knowledge of peripheral neuropathies induced by chemotherapy antineoplastic, seeking evidence for assistance to cancer patients. METHOD: Integrative review of the literature conducted in the databases Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Medical Literature Analysis (PubMed/MEDLINE), the Cochrane Library and the Spanish Bibliographic Index Health Sciences (IBECS). RESULTS: The sample consisted of 15 studies published between 2005-2014 that met the inclusion criteria. Studies showed aspects related to advanced age, main symptoms of neuropathy and chemotherapy agents as important adverse effect of neuropathy. CONCLUSION: We identified a small number of studies that addressed the topic, as well as low production of evidence related to interventions with positive results. It is considered important to develop new studies proposed for the prevention and/or treatment, enabling adjustment of the patient's cancer chemotherapy and consequently better service.
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Jardon, Carlos M., and Xavier Martinez–Cobas. "Culture and competitiveness in small-scale Latin-American forestry-based enterprising communities." Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy 14, no. 2 (June 10, 2020): 161–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jec-05-2019-0040.
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Purpose Small-scale forestry-based enterprising communities are particularly associated with their territory and, therefore, are very conditioned by the local culture. This paper aims to explore the relationship between culture and competitiveness in small-scale Latin-American forestry-based enterprising communities. Design/methodology/approach This study used 212 surveys in companies linked to the production, industrialisation and commercialisation sector of the forestry industry in the province of Misiones (Argentina), using partial least squares to analyse the relationships thereof. Findings Culture and competitive advantages improve the growth of small-scale timber businesses and growth, in turn, increases financial performance. However, culture does not have an impact on competitive advantage and no interaction effect of culture on competitive advantage was detected. The results can indicate that there might be a need to incorporate other concepts and operationalisation that are better suited to the geographical and industrial contexts in developing countries. Research limitations/implications The literature and measures used to operationalise variables in the survey did not necessarily succeed in capturing the culture in the studied small- and medium-sized enterprises. In addition, the design of the sample and subjective measures may partially condition the results. Practical implications For business managers and consultants, this study indicates that they must take into account the local culture to improve performance. Entrepreneurs must reorient the company strategy towards the long term, integrating local culture into their strategy to generate competitive advantages. Social implications Political authorities and social agents should also take into consideration the cultural aspects of the territory when implementing regulations and specific actions to improve the industry and strengthen the sense of community. The results highlight the vitality of animators and development agencies and of any factor that fosters social cohesion. Originality/value The paper shows a new approach to the relationship between culture and competitiveness in small-scale forestry-based enterprising communities, combining performance in a formal sector with the bazaar model.
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Scarton, Lisa J., and Mary de Groot. "Emotional and Behavioral Aspects of Diabetes in American Indians/Alaska Natives." Health Education & Behavior 44, no. 1 (July 9, 2016): 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198116639289.
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American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) bear a disproportionate burden of diabetes and associated long-term complications. Behavioral interventions play a vital role in promoting diabetes medical and psychological outcomes, yet the development of interventions for AI/AN communities has been limited. A systematic review was conducted of studies focused on the psychosocial and behavioral aspects of diagnosed diabetes among AI/ANs. Ovid and PubMed databases and published reference lists were searched for articles published between 1987 and 2014 that related to the psychosocial and behavioral aspects of type 1 or type 2 diabetes in the AI/AN population. Twenty studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. Nineteen studies were observational and one study was intervention based. Two of the studies used community-based participatory research methodology. Of the 20 studies, 2 discussed cultural influences associated with diabetes self-management and 10 identified the specific tribes that participated in the study. Tribal affiliations among the studies were broad with the number of AI/AN participants in each study ranging from 30 to 23,529 participants. Emotional and behavioral topics found in the literature were adherence ( n = 2), depression ( n = 9), physical activity ( n = 3), psychosocial barriers ( n = 1), social support ( n = 3), and stress ( n = 2). Relatively few studies were identified using AI/AN populations over a 27-year period. This is in stark contrast to what is known about the prevalence and burden that type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus place on AI/AN communities. Future research should promote community engagement through the use of community-based participatory research methodologies, seek to further understand and describe the emotional and behavioral context for diabetes self-management in this population, and develop and test innovative interventions to promote the best possible diabetes outcomes.
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Reyes, Giovanni E., and Alejandro J. Useche. "Competitiveness, economic growth and human development in Latin American and Caribbean countries 2006-2015." Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal 29, no. 2 (March 18, 2019): 139–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cr-11-2017-0085.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the performance and the relationship between competitiveness, real gross domestic product (GDP) growth and human development in 20 countries of the Latin America and Caribbean region during the 2006-2015 period. The main argument to uphold here is that – from the perspective of virtuous circle – countries with better conditions of competitiveness are those with better economic performance and with better conditions for human development. Design/methodology/approach Time series data were organized at three levels: individual countries, groups of nations and Latin America and Caribbean as a whole. Indicators used were: index of competitiveness, rates of change in real GDP and Human Development Index. Cluster analysis tests were performed: data ranges were determined and quintiles were established. Countries were ranked in five categories and comparative position matrices were determined for each variable. Linear correlations between indexes were calculated. Linear correlation coefficients were determined in terms of groups of countries and considering Latin America and Caribbean as a whole. Findings Findings revealed that decreasing conditions in competitiveness and economic growth indicators are the representative situation since 2009. The most competitive country in the region is Chile, and the weakest is Venezuela. Nevertheless, all Latin American and Caribbean countries analyzed seem to have made progress in terms of human, economic and social development. Regarding correlations, Dominican Republic showed an inverse relationship between competitiveness and economic growth, while Jamaica and Venezuela showed inverse relationships between competitiveness and human development. At the individual country level, no statistically significant relationship between economic growth and human development was detected. Research limitations/implications Findings highlight the necessity of future research that result in a deeper understanding of the transmission mechanisms between economic and social performance in Latin American and Caribbean countries. Particular reasons at the micro level that explain improvements or deteriorations in competitiveness and human development must also be analyzed. Based on the degrees of freedom, time series could have included more years, but a lack of information was found for some countries. It would also be necessary to observe each particular case considering the type of economy, production characteristics and export/import composition. Practical implications Results complement the existing literature by exploring competitiveness and its relationship with economic and social variables in developing countries. The authors also believe that this paper is relevant for macroeconomic and social policy debates involving competitiveness and human well-being in this region of the world. Originality/value This paper supports an important argument: human well-being and national development must be the ultimate goal of competitiveness. Traditional literature focuses on levels and determinants of competitiveness in developed countries, but it usually does not take into account social and human aspects of the process in developing countries. Little attention has been paid to analyze the relationship between competitiveness and socioeconomic variables in developing countries. Methods and findings of this paper complement the existing literature by studying the relationships among competitiveness, real GDP growth and human development in Latin American and Caribbean countries, using correlation analysis.
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GONZÁLEZ, JUAN CARLOS TEJEDA, MA CATALINA ALFARO DE LA TORRE, and PEDRO MEDELLÍN MILÁN. "PRESENT STATUS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT IN MEXICO." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 16, no. 02 (June 2014): 1450021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333214500215.
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Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) has been recognised worldwide as a tool that helps to assure the inclusion of environmental aspects in the formulation of policies, plans and programmes (PPPs) and citizen participation into the higher levels of decision-making processes. Despite of its relevance, Mexico is to date one of the few Latin-American countries which do not have this tool inserted in its legal and institutional frameworks. In this paper we present the results of a literature review of the historical development of SEA in the world and its legal framework and current state in Mexico.
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Leyva, Arturo. "Ethical aspects of organized contact sports for children as participants." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 7, no. 8 (July 22, 2020): 1823. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20203047.
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This paper seeks to review the literature and address ethical implications of organized contact sports, such as American football and boxing, with significant child or adolescent participation. Child and adolescent sport participation act not only as a leisure activity, but also improves physical health and enhances psychological and social health outcomes. However, playing sports may also have negative physiological effects, such as sports-related concussions (SRCs) - a form of traumatic brain injury (TBI) - which are an emerging public health concern. This paper review and explores ethical implications of contact sports in the scientific literature and demonstrates challenged faced on philosophical deliberation on the ethical implications of SRCs and RHIs due to complexities of these conditions and their identification and treatment involving a wide variety of practical situations, which formal sports rules may not adequately address. Since scholarly literature has yet to arrive at a consensus concerning causal link(s) between contact sports participation and significant concussion-related brain damage, the paper argues in favor of strengthening concussion preventive measures, identification protocols and management procedures in contact sports. This article rejects ethical paternalism on the basis of inconclusive empirical evidence concerning associations between contact sports participation and heightened SRC risk. It also rejects Mill’s argumentation against consensualism and suggests prevention is a better solution over inadequately founded philosophical ethical proposals favoring drastically reforming contact sports.
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León-Silva, Jeimi Maribel, Rosa Maria Dasi-Gonzalez, and Vicente Montesionos-Julve. "The Disclosure of Sustainability Information in the Local Governments of the Pacific Alliance." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 18, no. 3 (August 2, 2020): 557–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/18.3.557-578(2020).
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Requests from different categories of users for information on sustainability have manifested the need to disclose non-financial information. The objective of this document is to analyze the level of disclosure of sustainability information from local governments of the Pacific Alliance countries, performing content analysis of the entities’ websites in the year 2018. Results show that local governments of the Pacific Alliance are interested in disclosing sustainability-related information, based on the aspects considered in the Global Reporting Initiative guidelines, but their level of disclosure is low, achieving 40% of the criteria assessed and mainly focused on general and economic information, with lower level of disclosure of social and environmental aspects. This work contributes to the literature on the characteristics of sustainability disclosure in local governments in developing countries such as from the Latin American zone.
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Gafare, Claudia Elena, Mauro Serafini, Giulia Lorenzoni, and Dario Gregori. "Integration of Functional and Traditional Food in Emerging Markets: Regulatory and Substantive Aspects of Yerba Mate and Quinoa." Open Agriculture Journal 10, no. 1 (August 31, 2016): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874331501610010075.
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Given the rising cost of healthcare, the increase in life expectancy and the wish for a better quality of life, the request for foods and beverages producing a beneficial effect on health has increased worldwide. “Functional food” is a new concept and may play a key role in diseases’ prevention and management. Although its meaning is currently under definition, its role in global health improvement is growing constantly. This article aims at giving a description of existing legislation on functional food in South America, identifying future directions for health and marketing policies. Furthermore, authors provide a literature revision on two products widely consumed in Latin American countries: Yerba Mate and Quinoa. Thanks to their beneficial health effects in terms of disease prevention and promotion of well-being, they may be considered as functional foods with a potential key role in health care.
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Rocha, Juliana Schaia, Letícia Yumi Arima, Renata Iani Werneck, Samuel Jorge Moysés, and Márcia Helena Baldani. "Determinants of Dental Care Attendance during Pregnancy: A Systematic Review." Caries Research 52, no. 1-2 (2018): 139–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000481407.
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Despite the fact that dental care attendance during pregnancy has been recommended by guidelines and institutions, the demand for dental services is still low among pregnant women. The aim of this study was to identify and analyze the determinants of dental care attendance during pregnancy. We performed a systematic literature search in the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Brazilian Library in Dentistry, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Medline using relevant keywords. Studies were filtered by publication year (2000-2016) and language (English, Portuguese, Spanish, and French). The included studies were assessed for quality. Their characteristics and statistically significant factors were reported. Fourteen papers were included in the review. The prevalence of dental service usage during pregnancy ranged from 16 to 83%. Demographic factors included women's age, marital status, parity, and nationality. The socioeconomic factors were income, educational level, and type of health insurance. Many psychological and behavioral factors played a role, including oral health practices, oral health and pregnancy beliefs, and health care maintenance. Referred symptoms of gingivitis, dental pain, or dental problems were perceived need. Demographic, socioeconomic, psychological, behavioral factors and perceived need were associated with the utilization of dental services during pregnancy. More well-designed studies with reliable outcomes are required to confirm the framework described in this review.
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Lopes, Emmanuel Dias de Sousa, Áurea Gonçalves Ferreira, Carolina Gonçalves Pires, Márcia Cristina Souza de Moraes, and Maria José D´Elboux. "Elder abuse in Brazil: an integrative review." Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia 21, no. 5 (October 2018): 628–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562018021.180062.
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Abstract Objective: the present study aimed to carry out an integrative review of literature on the scientific knowledge relating to the occurrence of elder abuse produced in Brazil between the years of 2013 to 2017. Method: a bibliographic survey was carried out through publications indexed in the Virtual Health Library (VHL) database: the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Latin American Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and the CAPES Portal of Periodicals (CAPES). The data collection instrument, created by the authors, included characteristics such as: year of publication, main journals, research design, topics covered, main areas of knowledge, sampling and study objectives. Results: 28 publications were analyzed. The main types of violence were psychological (28%), physical (28%), unspecified (16%), financial (12%), self-abandonment (8%), neglect and verbal violence (4%). The majority of the victims were female (64%), of unspecified gender (28%) and male (8%). Conclusion: the present integrative review found that the main violence suffered was psychological together with physical, with the elderly the main victims. The main place of maltreatment was in the home. The research also found that there are gaps in information about the reasons that triggered the aggressions. It is therefore necessary to investigate this subject further and carry out new studies that seek to identify these factors.
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Kaur, Gurleen, and Rakesh Chawla. "Surrogacy in India: ethics versus incentive." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 7 (June 25, 2021): 3713. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20212633.
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The word surrogacy has its origin among the Latin term “surrogatus” which suggests a lady acts as a substitute for a pregnant woman. Surrogacy has been in practice form last thirty years. The surrogacy regulated by business can be classified as then, altruistic surrogacy and commercial surrogacy. The paper aim to conduct systematic review on surrogacy. The literature review was conducted using PubMed and alternative search engines. Further, additional information concerning the constitutional articles was collected from search engines like legal service of India, prsinndia.org, icmr.nic.in, Press Information Bureau, Wikipedia, IJCM and Indiankanoon. In India, surrogacy is legally recognised since 2002. This paper looks into various aspects of surrogacy. Factors faced by the surrogate mother such as exploitation, psychological conditions, human rights, dignity and respect, feminism and religious issues are explored. The paper discuss the economic benefit is mostly enjoyed by the medical practitioners. The Indian government tried to curb the problems by updating the law to overcome the challenges but with time government introduce the surrogacy bill in 2016 which addressed many issues and still in 2020 it address various aspects of surrogacy to prevent the exploitation.
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Dourojeanni, A., and M. Nelson. "Integrated Water Resource Management in Latin America and the Caribbean: Opportunities and Constraints." Water Science and Technology 19, no. 9 (September 1, 1987): 201–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1987.0081.
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The virtues of integrated water resource management have been widely extolled in the literature. The purpose of this paper is to review selected aspects of Latin American and Caribbean experience which may provide insights on the constraints and opportunities for progressing towards such integration. Economic development and population growth are placing demands on water which are increasing exponentially. However, with a few exceptions, governments have shown little effective response to the broader issues in resolving the inevitable conflicts. Formulation of plans and policies appears straightforward and it is easier still to recommend implementation by powerful co-ordinating agencies. However, practice bears little relation to theory. This suggests that a focus on questions other than technical optimization might be relevant. Attention needs to be given to the institutional structure - formal and informal rules - which determine why decisions are made at the political, organizational and operational levels resulting in de facto water management. Greater transparency on the informal rules may enable more systematic transactions between and within these three levels (particularly within the organizational level) leading to changes which would allow incorporation of a broader and more long-term view of renewable resource management issues.
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Sánchez-Escobedo, Pedro, and Luz M. Viera-Castro. "Using the Language of Wellbeing in the Care of the Elderly in Mexico." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 26, no. 51 (October 25, 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v26i51.97434.
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The language we use with others derives from hidden assumptions about them and commands expectations and outcomes. That is why the constructs and language used in health services provided to the elderly are a worthwhile object of study.This paper addresses the language used in the services provided to the elderly population in Mexico and many other Latin-American countries. The psychological, linguistic and practical aspects of the wellbeing language paradigm are discussed. The linguistic analysis of the discourse used by health care providers conveys important implications to the kind, quality and purpose of intervention.It is argued that by using the language of wellness, health professionals are in a better position to listen and assess the degree of satisfaction and happiness, to explore for conditions that may promote or hinder quality of life, and also, they are in a better position for planning services to the elderly that reach beyond physical health and economic indicators.It is posited that quality of life in old age is incomplete without a sense of the patient’s wellbeing.
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KELEKHSAEVA, A. R. "POVERTY AND INEQUALITY IN LATIN AMERICA." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 4, no. 5 (2021): 152–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.05.04.019.
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The article examines poverty and inequality as serious long-term and widespread problems in society. Research on poverty has been mainly conducted from the perspective of economics, now the focus has shifted to psychological aspects with an emphasis on the causes and consequences of poverty. The overall economic disaster that COVID-19 will leave in Latin America and the Caribbean remains to be seen, but its impact on social well-being portends a bleak future. After seven years of slow growth, the region's GDP fell 5,3%, the largest drop in a century. According to a joint report submitted by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the impact of the pandemic could plunge an additional 16 million people into extreme poverty in 2020, resulting in 83,4 million Hispanics will live in complete poverty. These organizations warn that hunger will be the biggest problem facing the region, where 53,7 million people are already surviving severely food insecure. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between poverty and inequality as economic categories in the context of their impact on the countries of Latin America. To do this, the authors examined the key factors affecting poverty and inequality, analyzed trends in poverty and inequality in Latin America and the Latin Basin. The article is based on research on poverty and inequality in macroeconomic theory. In particular, the works of Y. Amiel, F. Cowell, T. Buhard, P. Wizard, the study of socio-economic inequality and the fight against poverty – G. Babeuf, I. Bentham, J. M. Keynes, V. Paret, G. Spencer, L. Erhard, K. Arrow, D. Rocardo, A. Pigou and many others are devoted to the problem of inequality. Significant results of studies of poverty and welfare are given in the works of prominent foreign researchers: P. Townsend, A. Sen, D. Sachs, M. Orshan-sky, T. Marshall, F. Hayek, thanks to which the system of ideas about poverty was formed. The importance of poverty and its impact on government discourses, policies and programs has fueled much research on a Latin American scale. Publications on this topic have been rolled out over the past three decades and have created a veritable battlefield. Poverty reduction is a key development challenge facing Latin America and the Caribbean. Inequality is one of the historical problems in Latin America, one of the factors that most paralyzes the eco-nomic and social aspirations of most countries in the region. Poverty reduction can be understood in both a limited and a broad sense. The first involves a focus on programs and projects that target the poor – vocational training programs for low-income people, food stamps, productivity projects in the informal sector, and care for mothers and children in communities that do not have access to this service, etc. These programs are usually funded from so-called emergency funds and social investments, although they may also be specialized activities of the minis-tries or secretariats that make up the “social sector”. On the other hand, the broader definition of poverty reduction includes economic policies and traditional social policies (especially education and health). One of the main ways to solve this problem in the medium and long term obliges countries to move towards a universal basic income, giving priority to families with children and adolescents, and to maintain universal, comprehensive and sustainable social protection systems, increase their coverage as a central component of the new welfare state. A broad and lasting consensus and political commitment are required to make significant improvements in education, health and well-being. Unfortunately, some Latin American coun-tries have serious governance problems that hinder the effective functioning of democratic systems due to fragmentation and lack of policy consensus. For this reason, stability and continuity of economic and social policies are an indispensable element for the development of nations and the progress of peoples.
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Brenta, Gabriela, Mario Vaisman, José Augusto Sgarbi, Liliana Maria Bergoglio, Nathalia Carvalho de Andrada, Pedro Pineda Bravo, Ana Maria Orlandi, and Hans Graf. "Clinical practice guidelines for the management of hypothyroidism." Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia 57, no. 4 (June 2013): 265–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-27302013000400003.
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INTRODUCTION: Hypothyroidism has long been known for its effects on different organ systems, leading to hypometabolism. However, subclinical hypothyroidism, its most prevalent form, has been recently related to cardiovascular risk and also to maternal-fetal complications in pregnant women. OBJECTIVES: In these clinical practice guidelines, several aspects of this field have been discussed with the clear objectives of helping physicians treat patients with hypothyroidism, and of sharing some of our Latin American-based clinical experience. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Latin American Thyroid Society commissioned a Task Force on Hypothyroidism to develop evidence-based clinical guidelines on hypothyroidism. A systematic review of the available literature, focused on the primary databases of MedLine/PubMed and Lilacs/SciELO was performed. Filters to assess methodological quality were applied to select the best quality studies. The strength of recommendation on a scale from A-D was based on the Oxford Centre for Evidence--based Medicine, Levels of Evidence 2009, allowing an unbiased opinion devoid of subjective viewpoints. The areas of interest for the studies comprised diagnosis, screening, treatment and a special section for hypothyroidism in pregnancy. RESULTS: Several questions based on diagnosis, screening, treatment of hypothyroidism in adult population and specifically in pregnant women were posed. Twenty six recommendations were created based on the answers to these questions. Despite the fact that evidence in some areas of hypothyroidism, such as therapy, is lacking, out of 279 references, 73% were Grade A and B, 8% Grade C and 19% Grade D. CONCLUSIONS: These evidence-based clinical guidelines on hypothyroidism will provide unified criteria for management of hypothyroidism throughout Latin America. Although most of the studies referred to are from all over the world, the point of view of thyroidologists from Latin America is also given.
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Madalozzo, Regina Carla, and Afonso Mariutti Chebib. "Political Preferences and Individual Choice: A Latin American's Countries Perspective." Revista de Sociologia e Política 25, no. 63 (September 2017): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-987317256301.
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Abstract Analyzing the “left” and “right” political positions of individuals is challenging because personal attributes may influence political decisions without directly causing them. This issue may be even more pronounced in Latin America, where young democracies encounter the challenge of stabilizing political choices over time. This study contributes to the literature by analyzing the influence of personal attributes on political choices, focusing on the early 2000s, when the “left” turn occurred. The present study relies on the World Values Survey's fifth wave (2005-2008) to fulfil this objective. This dataset is composed of data that have been collected globally, and the questions are related to diverse subjects associated with the quality of life of individuals. From the available sample, we included all of the Latin American countries that participated in this wave: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Uruguay. In this study, the aim is to directly understand the impact of these individuals own attributes on their declared self-positioning about the political leaning. To this aim, an ordered logit model was used to analyse how each variable exerts influence on the political leaning of the respondents. Our results found that political cleavages depend on demographic factors, economic factors, and individual opinions in agreement with previous studies. Increased age, religious service attendance, and satisfaction with one's financial life increase the tendency of individuals for self-positioning to the right of the political spectrum. The possession of a university degree and residence in a large city increases the likelihood of individuals of self-identifying with a leftist political position. This study contributes to the literature by analysing the influence of personal attributes on political choices. Although this research represents an important step toward understanding political leanings in Latin American countries, a significant amount of future research remains. The definitions of “left” and “right” continue to be unclear as they relate to dimensions that include democracy, autocracy, and political reform. Understanding the ways individuals set up their choices would increase the responsibility of political parties and authorities for the hidden claim the population has about their deliverables. At the same time, studies like ours may enhance the awareness of the general impression over political party choices of candidates. Finally, even with so many confounding aspects in this antagonist position, the left and the right continue to be a simple way to characterize veiled assumptions. Therefore, it may be an ambiguous form of defining choices, but this seemingly binary choice is still very significant for voters in Latin America.
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Cancino, Christian A. "Rapid Internationalization of SMEs: Evidence from Born Global Firms in Chile." Innovar 24, no. 1Spe (February 1, 2014): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v24n1spe.47614.
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The literature on born global firms in developed countries has revealed some factors that influence the rapid internationalization of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), such as the technological level of the sector in which the firm participates, psychological and geographical distances from the target markets, and the existence of contact networks. To date, little research has been carried out on this topic for Latin American countries. This paper explores how certain determinants influence Chilean born global firms. A logistic regression model is used to analyze 112 SMEs with regular export activities. The results show that Chilean born global firms are influenced by national and international contact networks that their founders are able to generate. The psychological distance between Chilean SMEs and developed countries in Asia, North America and Europe also influences the internationalization of Chilean SMEs. The principal characteristic of Chilean born global firms is their lack of participation in highly technological sectors, with these SMEs instead being involved in sectors that actively exploit natural resources. The results of this study permit certain public policy recommendations to be made that might boost the development of export SMEs.
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Sundusiah, Suci. "MEMAHAMI REALISME MAGIS DANARTO DAN MARQUEZ." LINGUA: Journal of Language, Literature and Teaching 12, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30957/lingua.v12i1.76.
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Begun as a theme of painting art, magical realism exists as a typical place in litarature. The works of magical realism literature efforts to appear magical aspects such as superstition, beliefs, folklor and spiritual substance exceding from the logic into reality of daily lifes. The substance of the magic is integrated in the accepted traditions and cultures. This article analyzes short stories of Danarto and a novel of Marquez. Both aouthors are selected as they represent pionneers of writing style of magical realism from two different cultures. Both authors express the same writing style, but their patterns of rhetoric differ. Danarto focuses on the magical realism of religion, sufism and Javanese cultures, combining magical realism with surealism styles. In addition, Marquez brings readers to the structure of Latin American society that produces unpredictable magical cultures.
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Fuentes-Aspe, Rocío, Sayén Huaiquilaf-Jorquera, María-José Oliveros, and Álvaro Soto. "Characteristics of the coronavirus disease 2019: A review of emerging literature." Medwave 21, no. 05 (June 30, 2021): e8206-e8206. http://dx.doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2021.05.8206.
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Background The 2019 coronavirus disease outbreak (COVID-19) spread rapidly around the world. The extent and ultimate effect are still unclear, as it is an ongoing and constantly evolving pandemic. Aims To compile the literature and synthesize in Spanish-Latin American language the available international information describing the etiological, pathophysiological, epidemiological and management aspects of COVID-19. Methods Narrative review, using specific sections created in the databases. The criteria for selecting studies depended on the specific area addressed: etiological, pathophysiological, epidemiological aspects, treatment alternatives, etc. References in Spanish and English were included. Results The World Health Organization reports that COVID-19 is a disease of zoonotic origin that was transmitted to a human host. The first cases were identified in late 2019 and January 2020, in Wuhan city, China. It was categorized as highly contagious and transmissible between humans, which is attributed to the structural features of this novel coronavirus. The clinical presentation is variable and nonspecific, as well as its severity. With a clear tropism for the respiratory system, the most severe cases may develop pneumonia, respiratory failure, multiorgan failure and thus death. It occurs in all age groups, with a lower percentage in children under 19 years of age (2.4%). Mortality varies between countries and regions (between 1.5 to 9.3% over the total of reported cases). Associated risk factors are the presence of comorbidities, advanced age, and immunosuppression. Conclusions To date there have been thousands of scientific articles that attempt to explain the onset, progression, possible treatment options and global impact of the disease. There is still no certainty about the level or quality of this evidence. It is essential to generate documents synthesized and translated into Spanish or other languages that can bring this information to all the places and countries that are being impacted by this disease.
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Pedersen, Duncan. "Reframing political violence and mental health outcomes: outlining a research and action agenda for Latin America and the Caribbean region." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 11, no. 2 (June 2006): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-81232006000200008.
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In recent decades, the number of people exposed to traumatic events has significantly increased as various forms of violence, including war and political upheaval, engulf civilian populations worldwide. In spite of widespread armed conflict, guerrilla warfare and political violence in the Latin American and Caribbean region, insufficient attention had been paid in assessing the medium and long-term psychological impact and additional burden of disease, death, and disability caused by violence and wars amongst civilian populations. Following a review of the literature, a few central questions are raised: What is the short, medium and long-term health impact of extreme and sustained forms of violence in a given population? How political violence is linked to poor mental health outcomes at the individual and collective levels? Are trauma-related disorders, universal outcomes of extreme and sustained violence? These questions lead us to reframe the analysis of political violence and mental health outcomes, and reexamine the notions of trauma, after which a research and action agenda for the region is outlined. In the concluding sections, some basic principles that may prove useful when designing psychosocial interventions in post-conflict situations are reviewed.
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Ferreira, Reuberson, and Ney De Souza. "Os bispos e a Igreja do Brasil em Puebla. Memória de algumas contribuições para a III Conferência Geral do Episcopado Latino-Americano vistos há 40 anos de distância." Revista Eclesiástica Brasileira 79, no. 314 (December 18, 2019): 713. http://dx.doi.org/10.29386/reb.v79i314.1910.
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O presente artigo tem por objetivo apontar a relação entre a III Conferência Geral do Episcopado Latino-Americano celebrada no final de janeiro e início de fevereiro de 1979 em Puebla de Los Angeles (México) e os Bispos do Brasil; indicar quem foram os Bispos do Brasil que de Puebla tomaram parte e em quais aspectos eles contribuíram. Tal colaboração será externada em duas vertentes. De um lado, a contribuição dos Bispos do Brasil enquanto Conferência Episcopal Nacional; de outro, a colaboração pessoal de prelados, especialmente Aloísio Lorscheider e Luciano Mendes de Almeida, que, ou por sua liderança natural no episcopado Latino-Americano ou por suas opções e testemunhos eclesiológicos, influíram profundamente em posições assumidas no Documento Final. A metodologia de pesquisa será da revisão de literatura. As fontes serão arquivos do CNBB, CELAM e publicações contemporâneas a conferência de 1979. Abstract: The purpose of this article is to point out the relationship between the Third General Conference of Latin American Episcopate held in late January and early February 1979 in Puebla de Los Angeles (Mexico) and the Bishops of Brazil; pointing out the bishops of Brazil who took part in Puebla and in what aspects they contributed. Such collaboration will be expressed in two parts. On the one hand, the contribution of the bishops of Brazil as National Episcopal Conference; On the other hand, the personal collaboration of prelates especially Aloísio Lorscheider and Luciano Mendes de Almeida who either by their natural leadership in the Latin American episcopate or by their ecclesiological options and testimonies have profoundly influenced positions assumed in the Final Document. The research methodology will be from the literature review. The sources will be archives from CNBB, CELAM and contemporary publications at the 1979 conference.Keywords: Puebla; Bishops of Brazil; Contribution; Final Document; Latin America.
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Leskova, Irina, Dmitriy Ermakov, Elena Matushevskaya, and Ol'ga Nishnianidze. "Socio-medical aspects of the normalization of body mass." Obesity and metabolism 13, no. 4 (December 29, 2016): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet2016449-52.
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Increased body mass index (BMI) in today's world has become one of the most common and extremely dangerous to humanity diseases. The expansion of fast food chains, high-calorie food, sedentary lifestyle, stress, accumulation of population in cities – the main causes of overweight. In the twenty-first century, in scientific literature introduced a new term "globesity", reflecting the global nature of global problems. However, studies in recent years, several break this logic: "overweight – obesity – the risk of chronic diseases – the risk of premature death." Often, those with elevated BMI have a greater life expectancy than patients with normal or decreased BMI. The latter causes the appearance of a new term "obesity paradox". Indeed, increased BMI significantly reduces the quality of life, increases the risk of social problems. Persons suffering from increased BMI, harder to find a job and to arrange his personal life. In the United States of America the presence of increased body mass index (BMI) results in a significant rise in the cost of health insurance. Reducing excess weight is completely dependent on patients who need along with medication to live a healthy lifestyle. An important direction of minimize obesity and its consequences seem to be a diet, refusal of personal transport, leisure, vacation travel. American society of specialists in the field of metabolic and bariatric surgery define obesity as a chronic, relapsing, multifactorial neurobehavioral disorder in which the increase of fat in the body contributes to the dysfunction of adipose tissue with the development of threat for physical and psychological health of the metabolic and psychosocial consequences.
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Ferreira, Dharah Puck Cordeiro, Maria das Graças Wanderley de Sales Coriolano, and Carla Cabral dos Santos Accioly Lins. "The perspective of caregivers of people with Parkinson's: an integrative review." Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia 20, no. 1 (February 2017): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562017020.160088.
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Abstract Objective: to analyze scientific production regarding the process of caring for persons with Parkinson's Disease (PD) from the perspective of the caregiver. Method: a descriptive integrative review type study was performed, guided by the question: How does the caregiver perceive the process of caring for a person with Parkinson's? A search was performed of the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences, Nursing Database and Online Search System and Medical Literature Analysis databases, applying the cut-off points 2005 and 2015. Result: following Content Analysis three categories emerged: a) the process of caring for a person with PD; b) the positive and negative aspects associated with the process of caring for a person with PD; c) support for caregivers of people with PD: what can be done for them? Conclusion: The challenge of caring for a person with PD needs to be recognized by caregivers, professionals and health managers as a tool for the (re)construction of care.
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De la Fuente-Solana, Emilia I., Nora Suleiman-Martos, Laura Pradas-Hernández, Jose L. Gomez-Urquiza, Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente, and Luis Albendín-García. "Prevalence, Related Factors, and Levels of Burnout Syndrome Among Nurses Working in Gynecology and Obstetrics Services: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 14 (July 19, 2019): 2585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16142585.
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Background: Although burnout levels and the corresponding risk factors have been studied in many nursing services, to date no meta-analytical studies have been undertaken of obstetrics and gynecology units to examine the heterogeneity of burnout in this environment and the variables associated with it. In the present paper, we aim to determine the prevalence, levels, and related factors of burnout syndrome among nurses working in gynecology and obstetrics services. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature were carried out using the following sources: CINAHL (Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature), LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature), Medline, ProQuest (Proquest Health and Medical Complete), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), and Scopus. Results: Fourteen relevant studies were identified, including, for this meta-analysis, n = 464 nurses. The following prevalence values were obtained: emotional exhaustion 29% (95% CI: 11–52%), depersonalization 19% (95% CI: 6–38%), and low personal accomplishment 44% (95% CI: 18–71%). The burnout variables considered were sociodemographic (age, marital status, number of children, gender), work-related (duration of the workday, nurse-patient ratio, experience or number of miscarriages/abortions), and psychological (anxiety, stress, and verbal violence). Conclusion: Nurses working in obstetrics and gynecology units present high levels of burnout syndrome. In over 33% of the study sample, at least two of the burnout dimensions considered are apparent.
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Tomala-Kania, Wioletta. "Kontynent i jego konteksty w zwierciadle literatury. Studium jednego przypadku." Ameryka Łacińska Kwartalnik analityczno-informacyjny, no. 109-110 (February 18, 2021): 17–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7311/20811152.2020.109.110.02.
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The author attemptsto capture a selection ofissues that she considersvital for the debateon theLatin-Americancontinent as such. The research toolisliterary productionofasingle author,Alejo Carpentier.Hiscreationwasselectedout of manyoutstanding works of Latin American writers. The first part of the article, Carpentier's method, presents the justificationfor choosing this particular writer. Init, the author offersbibliographical and literary data based on his manifestos (Tientos y diferencias) and the very “core” of his literary production, i.e. stories (Guerra del tiempo, Concierto barroco) and novels (Reinode este mundo, Pasos perdidos, Elsiglo de las luces, El recurso delmétodo, La consagración de la primavera, El arpa y la som-bra). If the value of literary worksis to be estimated (among otherthings) according to the universality of its message, all the works listedabove become an inherent part of auniversal paradigm. Complicated trajectoriesof protagonists’lives (Sophia, Esteban, Wiera, Enrique, First Official...), their personalities,and their entanglement inthe Wheels ofHistorytranscendborders of the continent. Hence the (controversial) common interpretational routesforK.andtheTrapped. Individualsand societiesduring wartime, internal battle of identities, revolutionarydia-lectics, relations of power, acts of open and hidden violence, antinomies of tradition and mo-dernity, conflicts of spirituality and rationality, changes of individual and collective conscious-ness, structural social inequalities, colonial oppression, mechanisms of resistance, cultural, po-litical and economic imperialism, geopolitical fields of game–all theseissues (and manymore) can be found in Carpentier’s novels. The second partidentifies eleven ofCarpentier’s Latin-American contexts. They includeracial, economic, chthonic, political, bourgeois, distance-and proportion-related, chronological inconsistency-related, cultural, culinary, lighting-related,andideological aspects. Particular focus is dedicated toracial (Pasos perdidos), economic (Guerra del tiempo) and political-military (El recurso delmétodo) issues. The third part, a critical ap-proachto culture, follows up onprevious matterswith special consideration ofthe following three: confrontation of cultures(El arpa y la sombra), humanitarianism and modernity (El siglo de las luces), and the beginnings and ends of the Western World(La consagración de la pri-mavera). Finally, the text concludes witha range ofquestionsonculture, society, and politics,with the most prominent being: What is our culture,when reflectedinCarpentier’s mirror?Keywords: Latin America, Alejo Carpentier, continent, context(s), literature.
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Jiménez, Marjorie. "Boquitas pintadas, una escritura carnavalesca." Revista de Filología y Lingüística de la Universidad de Costa Rica 23, no. 1 (August 30, 2015): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rfl.v23i1.20391.
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A continuación se presenta, en primer lugar, la posición de la crítica latinoamericana en relación con la novela Boquitas pintadas. Posteriormente se estudian las técnicas de la literatura contemporánea presentes en la citada obra, para demostrar que el texto dialoga con elementos de la literatura culta o legitimada. Luego se distinguen aspectos de la literatura folletinesca que se mezclan dentro del texto en estudio, y así se observa la relación del relato con la literatura popular o no legitimada por la crítica. Por último, se bace énfasis en que Boquitas pintadas es un texto que se inscribe en una tradición genérica específica que ha sido estudiada por Mijaíl M. Bajtín: la literatura carnavalesca; por tanto, en el texto dialogan procedimientos de la literatura legitimada y de la no legitimada.This article presents a Latin American critical analysis of the novel Boquitas pintadas. Furthermore, it studies the contemporary techniques tbat are found in the work and shows that the text includes elements of educated or legitimate literature. Some aspects of melodramatic literature present in the text are also pointed out in order to observe the relationship between the story and what the critics consider popular or non ligitimate literature. Finally, the article emphasizes the fact that Boquitas pintadas fits in the specific genre tradition studied by Mijaíl M. Bajtín, carnivaiesque literature,
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Fernández-Sarmiento, Jaime, Daniela De Souza, Roberto Jabornisky, Gustavo Ariel Gonzalez, Maria del Pilar Arias López, and Gladys Palacio. "Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 (PIMS-TS): a narrative review and the viewpoint of the Latin American Society of Pediatric Intensive Care (SLACIP) Sepsis Committee." BMJ Paediatrics Open 5, no. 1 (February 2021): e000894. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000894.
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BackgroundIn this review, we discuss some important aspects of paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 (PIMS-TS), a new syndrome that is temporally related to previous exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection. This virus has a broad spectrum of presentation that may overlap with Kawasaki disease in terms of presenting symptoms and laboratory and cardiac findings. Our objective was to review and summarise published evidence regarding the most important aspects of PIMS-TS, with special emphasis on the treatment strategies suggested for middle-income and low-income countries.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was performed in the principal medical databases including PubMed, Embase (OVID) and Google Scholar between December 2019 and August 2020.ResultsA total of 69 articles were identified in the described databases. Altogether, 13 articles met the inclusion criteria and were eligible. The most frequently described symptoms of PIMS-TS include fever (82%), shock (67%) and gastrointestinal (87%), skin (71%) and cardiac disorders (75%). In most series, it has been observed between 4 and 6 weeks after the pandemic appears in the general population. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children is presented as a great systemic inflammatory response syndrome, which sometimes presents as shock requiring fluid resuscitation and vasoactive drug support (26%). Several treatment strategies have been used, including immunoglobulin, steroids, aspirin, anakinra and anticoagulation among others. These general and specific interventions should be guided by an interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary team, especially in settings with limited resources.ConclusionsPIMS-TS COVID-19 is a new type of presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection, with an exaggerated inflammatory response and frequent—but not exclusive—digestive and myocardial involvement. It is important to describe the clinical course and outcomes in countries with limited resources as well as establish the role of biomarkers for early diagnosis, effective therapeutic strategies and outpatient follow-up schemes.