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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Psychological aspects of Optimism'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 July 2025

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1

Ruderman, Cimi Perryl. "The relationship between weight loss and locus of control, possible selves, self-esteem, anxiety and optimism/pessimism." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1990. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/779.

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2

Smith, Lauren Marie. "Optimism, Delay Discounting, and Physical Exercise: The Role of Delay Discounting on Individual Levels of Exercise." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc30512/.

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Deciding to exercise requires trade-offs between immediate and delayed benefits. These momentary decisions may be moderated by personality such that patterns of individual behavior emerge. The aim of the current study was to determine if higher levels of optimism and lower levels of delay discounting were related to exercise frequency. A sample of 360 undergraduate students completed a survey study related to understanding the choices made by undergraduates and how other factors relate to their decision-making. The survey included measures of optimism, delayed discounting, and self-reported ex

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3

Souza, André Carlos de. "As palavras importam?: o uso do tom linguístico nos discursos das apresentações de resultados." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-28062017-123028/.

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Esta tese tem por objetivo analisar de que forma o tom linguístico empregado nos discursos durante as conferências de apresentação de resultados está relacionado ao desempenho (EBITDA) das empresas. Por tom linguístico, a análise leva em consideração tanto a divulgação de informações positivas sobre o desempenho das empresas (tom otimista) quanto a divulgação de informações negativas (tom pessimista) e uma métrica incluindo igualmente o tom otimista e pessimista (tom consolidado). Foram analisadas conferências de resultados ocorridas entre os anos de 2010 e 2014 por companhias abertas no Brasi

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4

Fairclough, Natalie R. "Burnout in academics : the role of humour and optimism as stress buffers." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1998. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/995.

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The relationship between university lecturers' perceived stress, use of humour to cope with stress, optimism, pessimism, and burnout was investigated. Participants included 180 lecturers from a range of Perth universities and disciplines. Questionnaire packages were delivered to the participants at their universities and were later returned to the researcher by mail. A principle components analysis was first performed on the Life Orientation Test-Revised, a self-report instrument designed to measure optimism, and demonstrated support for a two-dimensional model of optimism and pessimism. A hie

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5

Graci, Gina. "Optimism, Health Locus of Control, and Quality of Life of Women with Initial versus Recurrent Breast Cancer." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2001. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2803/.

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Health Locus of Control (HLOC) and other predictors of Quality of Life (QL) were examined for women with an initial versus recurrent breast cancer diagnosis. Twenty-eight women with an initial breast cancer (IBC) diagnoses and twenty-eight women with recurrent breast cancer (RBC) diagnoses were recruited from doctors' offices and cancer support groups. Correlational analyses were used to assess the relationships between variables. No significant differences were found between women with IBC and RBC on Psychological QL. Doctor HLOC and Psychological QL were related for women with RBC (r = .481,

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6

Graci, Gina M. "Optimism, Health Locus of Control, and Quality of Life of Women with Recurrent Breast Cancer." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278130/.

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7

Zozaya, Carole. "Déterminants des trajectoires de détresse pendant la première année qui suit l'annonce d'un cancer primitif ou récidivant." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR21811/document.

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Introduction. La détresse émotionnelle est inhérente au parcours du patient à qui l’on annonce un cancer primitif ou récidivant. Cette étude a deux objectifs fondamentaux : (1) identifier différentes trajectoires de détresse de patients présentant un cancer et (2) identifier et étudier les déterminants de ces trajectoires de détresse émotionnelle de ces patients de l’annonce d’un cancer primitif ou d’une récidive et durant les neuf mois de traitement qui suiventMéthode. 286 patients ont été évalués un mois, 3, 6 et 9 mois après le diagnostic de cancer. Les variables de personnalité (névrosisme

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8

Coulter, Lynn A. "Optimism, coping, and psychological well-being among people with advanced lung cancer." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0021/MQ49333.pdf.

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9

Fotiadou, Maria. "Optimism, psychological well-being & coping in parents of children with cancer." Thesis, Coventry University, 2007. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/8f5501c8-898e-ebd9-4fec-7d7826b1be2f/1.

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Background: Despite advances in cancer prognosis and increased survival rates for childhood cancer, having a child diagnosed with cancer can be considered one of the most stressful life events in a parent’s life. The adverse psychological impact of childhood cancer on parents has been found to be higher than in any other childhood chronic illness. Parents can find it difficult to adjust and use effective coping strategies to deal with the illness-related demands. Dispositional optimism (i.e. positive outcome expectancies for the future) has become a key theoretical component in positive and he

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10

Dooley, Gordon. "Psychological aspects of psoriasis." Thesis, Durham University, 1992. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6009/.

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Psoriasis is a skin condition characterised by raised, red, scaling patches that cover the body to varying degrees, with a prevalence of 1-3% in Caucasian populations. There is evidence that sufferers hospitalised for treatment of then psoriasis are more depressed and more anxious than controls (e.g. Fava et al, 1980; Lyketsos et al, 1985), but conflicting evidence about whether psoriasis outpatients are also more depressed and anxious. The research presented in this thesis examined depression and anxiety in a group of psoriasis outpatients and found statistically significantly higher depressi

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11

Marchant-Haycox, Susan Elizabeth. "Psychological aspects of hysterectomy." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338863.

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12

Anciano, D. "Psychological aspects of headache." Thesis, University of York, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356831.

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13

Dyson-Washington, Faith Geller Pamela A. "The relationship between optimism and work-family enrichment and their influence on psychological well-being /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2006. http://dspace.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860%20/864.

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14

Hughes, Kathryn. "Psychological aspects of criminal propensity." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2015. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/25777/.

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The psychological aspects of propensity to offend are considered. The relationship between attitude, personality, and reported offending is explored. Some literature considers how attitude influences offending; others look at the relationship between personality and offending. The present thesis proposes that there is a complex relationship between all three. The Attitude to Offending Style Scale measures preferences towards hypothetical offending styles. Shultzs’ FIRO-B explores the structure of interpersonal personality. Finally, an adaptation of Youngs’ D42 (D45) explores styles and level o

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15

Pritchard, M. L. "Psychological aspects of rheumatoid arthritis." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381050.

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16

Colin, Jessica. "Psychological aspects of psychiatric hospitalisation." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/2935/.

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This thesis contains a literature review and a qualitative research project. The purpose of the literature review was to examine recent literature on service user perspectives on seclusion, to explore the psychological impact of being secluded. Thirteen studies were identified, and their methodological quality was evaluated. The findings of the studies were examined and common themes were identified. Although some service users reported some positive aspects of seclusion, the overall consensus is that seclusion is distressing. This review suggests additional recommendations to those in the NIC

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17

Sangster, Joanna Ivy. "Disease characteristics, pain, optimism, coping strategies, and psychological well-being of rheumatoid arthritis patients." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28489.

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This study was concerned with variables likely to influence psychological well-being in chronic rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, a group at risk psychologically as a consequence of their disease condition. The study examined the relationships of personality characteristics (optimism) and coping strategies (wishful thinking and problem solving) in predicting psychological well-being (operationalized as psychological distress), after removing the effects of age, stressor type, and disease characteristics (physical disability and pain). Subjects were 107 adult RA patients drawn at random from

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18

McKenna, Laurence. "Psychological aspects of auditory disorders : cognitive functioning and psychological state." Thesis, City, University of London, 1997. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/17413/.

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This thesis presents six studies concerned with the psychological status of people with audiological disorders, particularly tinnitus and hearing loss. Study One (Part I of the thesis) employed a structured interview and the General Health Questionnaire to investigate the emotional status of subjects with a variety of audiological symptoms. Psychological disorder was found to be more prevalent among subjects complaining of vertigo (64%) than among those complaining of tinnitus (45%); the prevalence of psychological disorder among subjects complaining of hearing loss was lower than among tinnit

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19

Harrillall, Savina. "Positive psychological capacities, empowerment and job performance / S. Harrillall." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/685.

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20

Sambrook, Paul John. "Psychological aspects of dentofacial surgery patients." Title page, summary and table of contents only, 1989. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09DM/09dms187.pdf.

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21

劉輝儉 and Fai-kim Lau. "Sociological, psychological aspects of internet swearwords." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31256338.

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22

Gumley, Andrew Ian. "Psychological aspects of relapse in schizophrenia." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/12115.

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Following a review of the relevant literature a Cognitive Behavioural treatment protocol for the prevention of relapse in schizophrenia is presented. This treatment protocol is investigated in a 12-month non-blind randomised controlled trial comparing Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Treatment as Usual (CBT + TAU) versus Treatment as Usual (TAU) alone. Three studies of treatment outcome are described: relapse and admission, remission and social functioning, and psychological distress. 144 participants with a DSM-IV Schizophrenia spectrum disorder were randomised to receive either CBT + TAU (n

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23

Lau, Fai-kim. "Sociological, psychological aspects of internet swearwords /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25474169.

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24

Mingardi, Pietro. "Psychological Aspects of Pragmatics of Negation." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/331197.

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The topic of this thesis is the comprehension of negative sentences. In the literature there is a number of evidence suggesting that negation is not integrated immediately into the comprehension process, but only after dealing with the affirmative counterpart meaning of the sentence (e.g. Clark & Chase, 1972; Fischler, 1983; Hasson and Glucksberg, 2006; Kaup, Yaxley, Madden, Zwaan & Luedtke, 2007). Other evidence, however, suggests that if interpreted within pragmatic felicitous contexts, the actual meaning of the negation can be immediately accessed (Nieuwland and Kuperberg, 2008; Dal

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25

Hung, Suk-mei Damaris, and 孔淑薇. "The relationships among hope, optimism, attentional bias, cancer-related rumination and psychological distress in cancer patients." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48690703.

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　　The experience of cancer challenges the body and the mind. A solid body of evidence has amassed on what help breast cancer patients cope with adversities. In the field of positive psychology, the concepts of hope and optimism further our understanding of the role future expectancies play in goal-directed pursuits and in psychological adjustment to adverse events. 　　Snyder’s theory of hope (2002) conceptualizes that goal directed behaviours have two components -- pathways and agency thinking. Pathways thinking is associated with finding the routes to achieve a desired goal. Agency think

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26

Ollerenshaw, Alison. "The relationship between business incubator services and the psychological capital of tenants." Thesis, Federation University Australia, 2019. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/173755.

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Business incubators (BI) provide a supportive environment for new tenant businesses to grow to independence. Incubators offer characteristic services including (a) space, physical resources, and infrastructure; (b) business support services, (c) networking; and, (d) structured selection, entry, and exit. Despite the global growth in incubator facilities, complemented by extensive research, knowledge gaps remain. Little research has examined the relationship between the characteristic services at incubators and tenants’ psychological capital; a higher-order construct representing an individual’

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27

McKenzie, Samantha L. "Psychological and social aspects of bariatric surgery." Thesis, University of Hull, 2011. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:4936.

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This portfolio has three parts. The first is a systematic literature review, in which the psychological and social factors associated with successful weight loss after bariatric surgery are reviewed. The second part is an empirical paper, which investigates the experiences of women who have successfully lost weight following bariatric surgery, specifically with reference to changes in self-concept. Seven women were interviewed and emergent themes were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Nine subthemes were identified, clustered into three superordinate themes: (1) 'obesity

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28

Kennerley, H. A. "Psychological and social aspects of maternity blues." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371549.

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29

Steggles, Naomi. "Psychological aspects of genetic testing for cancer." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271020.

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30

Robertson, Kevin. "Health-related psychological aspects of playing squash." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282785.

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31

Grunfield, Elizabeth Alice. "Psychological and psychophysical aspects of spatial orientation." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367952.

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32

Najarian, B. "Psychological and physiological aspects of Raynaud's Phenomenon." Thesis, University of York, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234981.

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33

Mayall, Mark Nicholas Alexander. "Child hostages : psychiatric, psychological and psychosocial aspects." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407460.

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34

Emery, Josephine Angela. "Psychological aspects of IVF : a prospective study." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.685728.

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35

Cerna, Zuzana. "Psychological preparedness for breast cancer surgery." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ56522.pdf.

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36

McAteer, Susan Mary Elizabeth. "Sleep dependent memory consolidation during a daytime nap in adolescents." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45590229.

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37

PAZDA, SUSAN LYNN. "ANOREXIA NERVOSA, BULIMIA, AND OBESITY: BODY WEIGHT AND BULIMIA AS DISCRIMINATORS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184177.

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This study hypothesized body weight and eating patterns to be important discriminators of psychological characteristics among eating disordered groups. A total of 146 bulimic and non-bulimic women from underweight (anorexic), normal weight, and overweight (obese) categories were examined. Based upon the theoretical and research literature reviewed, this study hypothesized locus of control, personal potency, self-esteem, and psychopathology to be central psychological characteristics in anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and obesity. These variables were measured by Rotter's Internal-External Locus of

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38

Van, Wyk Debri. "Work wellness among secondary school teachers in the Goldfield region of the Free State Province / Debri van Wyk." Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1180.

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The only constant thing in today's world is change. Change is everywhere, even in the education sector. The education system has undergone tremendous changes in the past 10 years. This includes several curriculum changes. Change always contributes to stress, which individuals in the education department are experiencing quite intensively, judging by the popular media. Stressful events may lead to ill-health and might negatively impact the workforce and the overall well-being of these educators. The emergence of positive psychology has contributed to the increased research of well-being, rather

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39

Franks, Susan F. (Susan Faye). "Negative Psychological States: Predictors for Immunological Health." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332521/.

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Relationships of negative psychological conditions with general status of cell-mediated and humoral immune systems were investigated. A unique approach was utilized in that indexes representing multiple aspects of each branch of the immune system were employed to better indicate general immunological status. Differences in emotion-immune interactions between males and females were demonstrated. Results indicated a positive relationship between Trait Anger and Cell-Mediated Immunological Index. Particular criticisms of previous psychoneuroimmunological research were met by addressing sex differ

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40

Gomes, Ana Neto Branquinho Assis. "Effects of a psychological inoculation video on helplessness-hopelessness and implicit optimism levels in breast cancer patients." Master's thesis, ISPA - Instituto Universitário, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/2761.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicobiologia apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário<br>Helplessness-hopelessness (HH) and optimism are psychological variables which have been suggested as influential factors regarding survival rates and prognosis in cancer patients. Psychological inoculation (PI) is a cognitive method that uses the consecutive rejection of challenging sentences as a tool to destroy cognitive barriers. This study aimed to understand whether the exposure to a video simulating a PI session was able to increase implicit optimism levels and lower HH levels in breast cancer patie

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41

Erguder, Leyla. "An Investigation of the Influence of Attributional Complexity, Intolerance, Optimism, and Experiential Avoidance on Personal Psychological Distress." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1707413/.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of low attributional complexity, intolerance, optimism, and experiential avoidance (EA) on psychological distress (stress, anxiety, and depression); specifically, the mediating role of EA in these relationships was examined. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was utilized to test the hypothesized model. The overall model accounted for 62% of the variance in psychological distress. The direct negative effect of intolerance on psychological distress and the mediator effect of EA on the relationship between optimism and psychological distres

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42

Amor, Lynne. "What is the intimate experience of couples following the woman's cancer-related breast surgery?" Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1997. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/919.

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The purpose of this phenomenological study is to describe and interpret the experience of couples following the woman's surgery for breast cancer, in order to gain an in depth understanding of how this mutilating surgery affects their everyday lives. Breast cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer in Australian women, and in most industrialised nations. Women in Australia have a one in fourteen lifetime risk of developing the disease. Little is known concerning what meanings this surgery brings to the intimacy experienced between partners. It is important to seek knowledge of the phenomenon

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43

BENJAMIN, GEORGE ANDREW HOLMES. "PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS IN LAW STUDENTS AND LAWYERS: IMAGINED, INGRAINED, OR INDUCED? (STRESS, PSYCHOPATHOLOGY, SCHOOL)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187941.

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The anecdotal literature suggests that the process of legal education impairs the maintenance of emotional well being in law students. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a cross-sequential research design to determine the effects of the law school process. Data was collected, using four standardized self-report instruments (Brief Symptom Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Multiple Affect Adjective Checklist, and Hassle Scale), on subjects prior to and during law school, and after graduation. Prior to law school, subjects expressed similar psychopathological symptom respo

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44

Black, Beverley Mary. "The role of emotional awareness in the retirement transition." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/5645.

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This study examines the role of emotional awareness in the retirement transition. Retirement is viewed as one of the transitions in later life and has psychological consequences. It is an objective development and social-psychological transformation that is related to physical and psychological well-being. Research has shown that emotional awareness can have an impact on the retirement transition. A correlational research survey design was used for this study to determine and establish the role of emotional awareness, preparation and emotional responses in the retirement transition. Using a fi

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45

Harwood, Kate. "Women's parenting expectations and their influence on adjustment to parenthood." University of Western Australia. School of Psychology, 2004. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0019.

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[Truncated abstract] The transition to parenthood places a number of emotional, physical, and cognitive demands on individuals. It is also a role that many individuals choose, enjoy, and derive benefit from. This research examined how women's parenting expectations influence their adjustment to parenthood. Taylor & Brown (1988, 1994) suggest that unrealistically optimistic expectations are associated with positive psychological adjustment. However, research examining adjustment during the transition to parenthood has demonstrated that unrealistic expectations pertaining to some aspects of pare

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46

Fent, Randa. "The harmful effects of discrimination : a meta-analysis of research." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32824.

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This thesis is designed to examine the effects of discrimination on its target. It aims to investigate the psychological, physical, perceptual and behavioral responses that individuals exhibit when faced with racist, sexist and heterosexist as well as other types of discriminatory acts. Through meta-analytic procedures, findings from existing studies investigating the impact of discrimination on the target were gathered and their average effect sizes calculated. A total of 50 empirical studies were identified, from which 84 effect sizes were derived. Using homogeneity analysis techniques, the

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47

楊慧蘭 and Wai-lan Victoria Yeung. "The importance of consensus assessment in speech act comprehension." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31223813.

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48

Wong, W. C., and 黃偉祖. "Development of a Chinese version of the movement specific reinvestmentscale." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31257471.

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49

Xia, Yifei, and 夏怡斐. "The effect of the presentation format of bonus scheme on investors' judements and voting decisions." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/202352.

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50

Malhotra, Neha Deepak. "Exploring the role of movement specific reinvestment during practice and performance of tasks of varying complexity." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/208559.

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Six experiments were conducted in order to examine the role of movement specific reinvestment in performance of a range of tasks of varying complexity under different performance contexts. The first experiment investigated the role of movement specific reinvestment in performance of a fundamental laparoscopic skill under time pressure. It was found that individuals with a lower propensity for movement specific reinvestment were able to meet task demands by performing faster under time pressure than individuals with a higher propensity for movement specific reinvestment. Although movement speci

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