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1
Sidorchuk, T., and M. Sidorchuk. "Psychological and pedagogical aspects of retraining people of pre-retirement age." Pedagogy and Psychology of Education, no. 4, 2019 (2019): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/2500-297x-2019-4-149-159.
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The article considers the analysis of the main problems associated with retraining and employment of people of pre-retirement age. The organization of these processes is possible only with the development of a set of educational retraining programs and effective psychological support. Changes in the sphere of employment of older people entail not only the reform of the labor market of young professionals, but also the whole system of geront education, which should include professional, health, cognitive, psychological and personnel components. The author of the article talks about the need for a transitional period for the implementation of the Pension Reform, outlines the main structures requiring a reorientation of their work directions so that Russians, regardless of age, feel “protected” in the labor market.
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Griber, Yulia A., Vladimir V. Selivanov, and Ralf Weber. "Color in the educational environment for older people: recent research review." Perspectives of Science and Education 47, no. 5 (November 1, 2020): 368–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32744/pse.2020.5.26.
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The purpose of the article is to present an analysis of the studies existing in domestic and foreign science of the necessary age-related "correction" of the color of the educational environment for older people, carried out in respect of the fact that chromatic communication is not limited exclusively to biological reactions, but its structure, in addition to perceptual one, includes much more significant psychological mechanisms and semiotic levels. The selection of research sources was carried out through the RSCI, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science systems. In total, 63 full texts of articles published between 1999 and 2019 were analyzed. In the process of work, the methods of theoretical and comparative analysis, systematization and generalization of the material were used. The analysis made it possible to distinguish three groups of research. The first group includes works that present the physiological prerequisites for the necessary changes in the chromatic design of the educational space intended for older people. The second group of studies analyzes various aspects of the impact of the color of the educational environment on older people in a psychological connotation. The third group involves the socio-cultural aspects of the formation of the educational environment for older people and analyzes this phenomenon in terms of connection with the lifestyle, way of thinking, physical and emotional-intellectual activity, and social conditions of the aging person. The results of the study convince that color correction in an educational environment designed for older people can cause noticeable changes in the quality of learning at several levels at once – biological (increasing the availability of information and significantly reducing physiological barriers to perception), psychological (supporting and strengthening the processes of memorization and information processing, increasing the psychological comfort of the educational environment), and social (improving the quality of life of older people).
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Altendorf, Annette, Brian Draper, Chanaka Wijeratne, Jason Schreiber, and Daniella Kanareck. "Neglect of Older People: Touching on Forensic and Pathophysiological Aspects." Gerontologist 60, no. 6 (July 26, 2019): e449-e465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnz084.
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Abstract Background and Objectives Neglect of older people is common and may result in fatal and nonfatal outcomes. Normal changes of aging and disease-related symptoms may overlap with markers of neglect and lead to under-detection. This review aims to delineate medical, psychiatric, and pathophysiological indicators in the victim—identified in forensic case reports—to point out areas of overlap and raise awareness in Health Care Professionals. Research Design and Methods Medical and forensic databases were searched with the search terms: neglect, elder, elderly, forensic, homicide for detailed case reports on elder neglect. Cases were reviewed as to victim age, sex, medical/psychiatric diagnosis, perpetrator, victim-to-perpetrator relationship, cause of death (if fatal), location of incident, autopsy findings (if fatal), and ancillary studies. A total of 168 publications were retrieved, of these 11 publications, containing a total of 25 cases, yielded sufficient detail on each case to be included in the qualitative analysis. Results Neglect is associated with poor physical, psychological, and mental health. Neglect can be a direct cause of death or contribute to a fatal outcome by exacerbating existing conditions. Red flags of neglect included malnutrition, dehydration, poor hygiene, untreated decubitus ulcers, hypothermia, contractures, and an uncooperative caregiver. However, incontrovertible evidence of neglect is not always easy to obtain due to age and disease-related changes. Discussion and Implications The findings document the extent and seriousness of elder neglect and highlight the importance of detailed documentation as well as collaboration between clinicians, allied health professionals, law enforcement and medical forensic services to improve patient outcomes and reduce the risk of further incidents.
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Tarran-Jones, Abi, S. J. Summers, Sarah Dexter-Smith, and Sarah Craven-Staines. "Team psychological formulation to create a shared understanding of distress: a qualitative study in an older people’s mental health inpatient setting." Quality in Ageing and Older Adults 20, no. 2 (May 30, 2019): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qaoa-11-2018-0056.
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Purpose Team psychological formulation is an organisational intervention aimed at developing a shared understanding of a person’s mental health difficulties. There is a lack of evidence regarding the therapeutic value of this approach for older people. The purpose of this paper is to explore how older people and their carers experience a cognitive-behavioural approach to team psychological formulation, within a mental health inpatient service in the UK. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative study using interpretative phenomenological analysis was undertaken. In total, 13 participants were interviewed: five older people/carer dyads, two lone older people and one lone carer. Findings Three overarching themes emerged: “Emotional impact of formulation” captured the mixed emotions that the process evoked in participants. “Making sense?” reflected the therapeutic value that participants experienced and what held them back from making gains in their recovery. “Disempowered people trapped in a biomedical world” illustrated the negative aspects of ward care, which hindered recovery. Research limitations/implications The findings provide insights into the therapeutic value of team psychological formulation and the difficulties in facilitating the process effectively. More consistency is required to ensure that team formulation is standardised. Further research into the outcomes of the approach for older people is recommended. Practical implications Recommendations are proposed for how team psychological formulation can be conducted effectively, using the mnemonic “SETUP”. Originality/value This study focussed on older people’s and their carers’ own perspectives regarding the team psychological formulation approach.
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James, Ian A., Katherine Kendell, and F. Katharina Reichelt. "CONCEPTUALIZATIONS OF DEPRESSION IN OLDER PEOPLE: THE INTERACTION OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE BELIEFS." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 27, no. 3 (July 1999): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465899273109.
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Empirical evidence for the efficacy of Cognitive Therapy (CT) treatments for older adults, when compared with other psychotherapies, is inconclusive (Davies & Collerton, 1997). The current authors suggest that one reason for the equivocal findings lies in the failure to adapt the cognitive rationale sufficiently to cater for the different presentation of depression in older people; particularly for those experiencing first-episode late onset-depression. It is argued that existing models tend to focus on the negative aspects of self-appraisal, and fail to fully conceptualize the functional role of positive beliefs (i.e. functional beliefs that have maintained the self-esteem over many years). The work presents an alternative conceptualization of depression for older people, along with implications for therapy. This framework does not represent a brand new approach, but emphasizes specific aspects of existing psychological conceptualizations.
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Smith, Jennifer L., and Fred B. Bryant. "The Benefits of Savoring Life." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 84, no. 1 (September 22, 2016): 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091415016669146.
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We investigated the protective impact of savoring capacity on the relationship between physical health and psychological well-being among older adults. A total of 266 adults over 55 years old ( Mean = 73.4 years) completed measures of savoring ability, self-reported health, and life satisfaction. Savoring ability moderated the relationship between health and life satisfaction in older adults. Among people with less savoring ability, poor health was associated with lower life satisfaction. In contrast, people with greater savoring ability maintained higher life satisfaction, regardless of their level of health. These effects were consistent across a variety of different aspects of health, including general health, pain, limitations due to physical health, energy, and social functioning. These findings have direct implications for developing positive interventions to support the psychological well-being of older adults.
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McFarquhar, T., and A. Bowling. "Psychological Well-being and Active Ageing: Maintaining Quality of Life in Older Age." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71335-5.
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Aims:To investigate the relationship between psychological well-being and measures of active ageing in a British sample of older people. Active ageing is the process of optimising opportunities for health, participation and security to embrace quality of life as people age.Methods:A national survey of quality of life and psychological well-being including 999 people aged ≥65 years living in private households in Britain commenced in 1999. in the most recent follow up of 2007, 323 survivors aged ≥72 years completed a postal survey regarding their quality of life and specifically the process of active ageing. A subset of 42 participants was also interviewed qualitatively in 2008 about their perceptions of active ageing. Psychological well-being at baseline was measured using the 12 item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ12) and correlated with measures of active ageing at baseline and in subsequent follow ups. Measures of active ageing included number and frequency of leisure and social activities, physical ability and access to support networks.Results:A significant positive relationship between psychological well being and measures of active ageing was found at baseline (p< 0.05). Measure of active ageing in 2007 were also correlated with psychological well-being at baseline (p< 0.05). Qualitative interviews in 2008 provided additional insights into this relationship.Conclusions:Results suggesting a strong relationship between psychological health and ageing actively. Good psychological health may allow the elderly to maintain an active and fulfilling lifestyle and reduce isolation and dependence, which in turn may protect against some aspects of poor mental health.
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Knechtle, Beat, Athanasios A. Dalamitros, Tiago M. Barbosa, Caio Victor Sousa, Thomas Rosemann, and Pantelis Theo Nikolaidis. "Sex Differences in Swimming Disciplines—Can Women Outperform Men in Swimming?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 10 (May 22, 2020): 3651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103651.
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In recent years, the interest of female dominance in long-distance swimming has grown where several newspaper articles have been published speculating about female performance and dominance—especially in open-water ultra-distance swimming. The aim of this narrative review is to review the scientific literature regarding the difference between the sexes for all swimming strokes (i.e., butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke, freestyle and individual medley), different distances (i.e., from sprint to ultra-distances), extreme conditions (i.e., cold water), different ages and swimming integrated in multi-sports disciplines, such as triathlon, in various age groups and over calendar years. The influence of various physiological, psychological, anthropometrical and biomechanical aspects to potentially explain the female dominance was also discussed. The data bases Scopus and PUBMED were searched by April 2020 for the terms ’sex–difference–swimming’. Long-distance open-water swimmers and pool swimmers of different ages and performance levels were mainly investigated. In open-water long-distance swimming events of the ’Triple Crown of Open Water Swimming’ with the ’Catalina Channel Swim’, the ’English Channel Swim’ and the ’Manhattan Island Marathon Swim’, women were about 0.06 km/h faster than men. In master swimmers (i.e., age groups 25–29 to 90–94 years) competing in the FINA (Fédération Internationale de Natation) World Championships in pool swimming in freestyle, backstroke, butterfly, breaststroke, individual medley and in 3000-m open-water swimming, women master swimmers appeared able to achieve similar performances as men in the oldest age groups (i.e., older than 75–80 years). In boys and girls aged 5–18 years—and listed in the all-time top 100 U.S. freestyle swimming performances from 50 m to 1500 m—the five fastest girls were faster than the five fastest boys until the age of ~10 years. After the age of 10 years, and until the age of 17 years, however, boys were increasingly faster than girls. Therefore, women tended to decrease the existing sex differences in specific age groups (i.e., younger than 10 years and older than 75–80 years) and swimming strokes in pool-swimming or even to overperform men in long-distance open-water swimming (distance of ~30 km), especially under extreme weather conditions (water colder than ~20 °C). Two main variables may explain why women can swim faster than men in open-water swimming events: (i) the long distance of around 30 km, (ii) and water colder than ~20 °C. Future studies may investigate more detailed (e.g., anthropometry) the very young (<10 years) and very old (>75–80 years) age groups in swimming
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Bužgová, Radka, and Kateřina Ivanová. "Violation of ethical principles in institutional care for older people." Nursing Ethics 18, no. 1 (January 2011): 64–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733010385529.
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This study focuses on issues of elder abuse in residential settings. Violation of ethical principles is shown in the results of this quantitative study aimed at defining the extent, nature and causes of such abuse by employees’ unethical conduct towards clients in senior homes (i.e. residential nursing homes) in the Moravian-Silesian region of the Czech Republic. The research sample comprised 454 employees and 488 clients from 12 residential homes for older people. The data were collected from interviews with clients, who also received a questionnaire concerning their satisfaction with the institution. Two questionnaires were administered to the employees, one based on a pilot qualitative study and a second to investigate burnout. Outcomes were assessed according to the extent and form of elder abuse, the causes of elder abuse and the violation of basic ethical principles. The responses, in particular those of employees, revealed both psychological and physical abuse of older clients, and thus violation of two basic principles: respect for the person and non-maleficence. The group at risk of elder abuse comprised aggressive and dissatisfied clients, as well as those with mental problems and dementia. The employees most at risk of being abusers were those who had been employed in institutional care for more than five years, had inadequate knowledge about social services and suffered from burnout. The prevention of elder abuse is recommended to be through education focused on ethical principles, increasing employees’ satisfaction by promoting a friendly and safe organizational culture, and providing adequate working conditions.
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Robertson, Guy. "Understanding the psychological drivers of loneliness: the first step towards developing more effective psychosocial interventions." Quality in Ageing and Older Adults 20, no. 3 (August 29, 2019): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qaoa-03-2019-0008.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to outline the need to develop a more balanced approach to addressing the loneliness experience by older people by recognising the psychological and emotional dynamics which cause it. It proposes a more holistic psychosocial approach to loneliness. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws on and reviews the published literature on the psychological aspects of loneliness. Findings Although not extensive, there is sufficient evidence to begin to develop and test more psychosocial approaches to addressing loneliness. Research limitations/implications The evidence base is not extensive and a fair degree of it has not been fully trialled with older people. Practical implications There is an a priori case for using the evidence that exists to develop and test out new psychosocial interventions for addressing loneliness. Social implications It is possible that a more psychosocial approach to loneliness will enable more to be done to address the significant distress of older people experience severe and chronic loneliness. It may also be possible to develop more effective preventative strategies which build resilience in older people. Originality/value The field of loneliness practice and research is overwhelmingly based on sociological analysis and social interventions. This paper is one of the first to explicitly highlight the value in drawing from psychological data in order to develop psychosocial approaches.
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Meeussen, Koen, Lieve Van den Block, Michael Echteld, Nicole Boffin, Johan Bilsen, Viviane Van Casteren, and Luc Deliens. "Older people dying with dementia: a nationwide study." International Psychogeriatrics 24, no. 10 (May 30, 2012): 1581–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610212000865.
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ABSTRACTBackground: Large-scale nationwide data describing the end-of-life characteristics of older people with dementia are lacking. This paper describes the dying process and end-of-life care provided to elderly people with mild or severe dementia in Belgium. It compares with elderly people dying without dementia.Methods: A nationwide retrospective mortality study was conducted, via representative network of general practitioners (GPs) in 2008 in Belgium, with weekly registration of all deaths (aged ≥ 65) using a standardized form. GPs reported on diagnosis and severity of dementia, aspects of end-of-life care and communication, and on the last week of life in terms of symptoms that caused distress as judged by the GP, and the patients’ physical and cognitive abilities.Results: Thirty-one percent of our sample (1,108 deaths) had dementia (43% mildly, 57% severely). Of those, 26% died suddenly, 59% in care home, and 74% received palliative treatment, versus 37%, 19%, and 55% in people without dementia. GP–patient conversations were less frequent among those with (45%) than those without (73%) dementia, and 11% of both groups had a proxy decision-maker. During the last week of life, physical and psychological distress was common in both groups. Of older people with dementia, 83% were incapable of decision-making and 83% were bedridden; both significantly higher percentages than found in the group without dementia (24% and 52%).Conclusions: Several areas of end-of-life care provision could be improved. Early communication and exploration of wishes and appointment of proxy decision-makers are important components of an early palliative care approach which appears to be initiated too infrequently.
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Moreno, Rafael Portal, Emilia I. De La Fuente Solana, Manuel Aleixandre Rico, and Luis Manuel Lozano Fernández. "Death Anxiety in Institutionalized and Non-Institutionalized Elderly People in Spain." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 58, no. 1 (February 2009): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/om.58.1.d.
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To know the level of death anxiety using the Templer Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) (1970) (Ramos's Spanish adaptation, 1982)) we chose subjects older than 65 years ( N = 227) to study, on one hand, the existing relation between cognitive-affective reactions toward death and the perception of the passing of time and, on the other, a group of variables which include the place of residence, age, gender, life reflection, health disorders, psychological problems, religious aspects, and socio-demographics features. To undertake this, a questionnaire was administered in which the participants answered according to their degree of agreement to several alternatives. The data indicates, by means of an analysis of variance, significant differences between these variables and death anxiety, with the exception of the religious aspects and civil state.
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Sixsmith, Judith, Mei Lan Fang, Ryan Woolrych, Sarah L. Canham, Lupin Battersby, and Andrew Sixsmith. "Ageing well in the right place: partnership working with older people." Working with Older People 21, no. 1 (March 13, 2017): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wwop-01-2017-0001.
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Purpose The provision of home and community supports can enable people to successfully age-in-place by improving physical and mental health, supporting social participation and enhancing independence, autonomy and choice. One challenge concerns the integration of place-based supports available as older people transition into affordable housing. Sustainable solutions need to be developed and implemented with the full involvement of communities, service organizations and older people themselves. Partnership building is an important component of this process. The purpose of this paper is to detail the intricacies of developing partnerships with low-income older people, local service providers and nonprofit housing associations in the context of a Canadian housing development. Design/methodology/approach A community-based participatory approach was used to inform the data collection and partnership building process. The partnership building process progressed through a series of democratized committee meetings based on the principles of appreciative inquiry, four collaboration cafés with nonprofit housing providers and four community mapping workshops with low-income older people. Data collection also involved 25 interviews and 15 photovoice sessions with the housing tenants. The common aims of partnership and data collection were to understand the challenges and opportunities experienced by older people, service providers and nonprofit housing providers; identify the perspectives of service providers and nonprofit housing providers for the provision and delivery of senior-friendly services and resources; and determine actions that can be undertaken to better meet the needs of service providers and nonprofit housing providers in order to help them serve older people better. Findings The partnership prioritized the generation of a shared vision together with shared values, interests and the goal of co-creating meaningful housing solutions for older people transitioning into affordable housing. Input from interviews and photovoice sessions with older people provided material to inform decision making in support of ageing well in the right place. Attention to issues of power dynamics and knowledge generation and feedback mechanisms enable all fields of expertise to be taken into account, including the experiential expertise of older residents. This resulted in functional, physical, psychological and social aspects of ageing in place to inform the new build housing complex. Research limitations/implications The time and effort required to conduct democratized partnerships slowed the decision-making process. Originality/value The findings confirm that the drive toward community partnerships is a necessary process in supporting older people to age well in the right place. This requires sound mechanisms to include the voice of older people themselves alongside other relevant stakeholders. Ageing well in a housing complex requires meaningful placemaking to include the functional, physical, psychological and social aspects of older people’s everyday life in respect to both home and community.
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Straatmann, Viviane, Serhiy Dekhtyar, Bettina Meinow, Laura Fratiglioni, and Amaia Calderon-Larranaga. "HOSPITAL CARE USE IN OLDER ADULTS: THE ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S739—S740. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2709.
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Abstract Although older people’s health status is the main determinant of healthcare use, there has been little research on how psychosocial factors relate to healthcare utilization. We explored the extent to which psychological and social aspects predict the use of hospital care in an older Swedish population. 2867 people ≥60 years from the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K) were followed from baseline (2001-2004) for four years. We created standardized indexes of psychological well-being, and social well-being. Binomial negative mixed models were used to estimate the association of psychological and social indexes with hospital care use (i.e. unplanned hospital admissions [UHA], 30-day readmissions [30DR] and length of stay [LOS]). Individuals with a psychological well-being score above the median had less UHA (IRR 0.43, 95%CI 0.20-0.93) and lower LOS (IRR 0.18, 95% 0.06-0.58), even after full adjustment. High levels of social well-being were also protective for UHA and LOS in the minimally adjusted model, but not after adjusting by life style and personally traits. Relative to individuals with poor well-being on both indexes, those with rich psychological and poor social well-being had reduced hospital care use (IRR 0.44 95%CI 0.24-0.84; IRR 0.23, 95%CI 0.08-0.67, respectively), and even further in those with rich psychological and social well-being (IRR 0.33 95%CI 0.14-0.75; IRR 0.10, 95% 0.02-0.45, respectively). No statistically significant association was found with 30DR. Provided the importance of psychosocial aspects in predicting UHA and LOS, targeting the former could be a strategy for reducing healthcare use and, eventually, costs.
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Yasumoto, Saori, and Yasuyuki Gondo. "CBSI as a Social Innovation to Promote the Health of Older People in Japan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (May 7, 2021): 4970. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094970.
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In this paper, we introduce a concept called community-based social innovation (CBSI). CBSI programs have been introduced to improve the physical and psychological well-being of older people. CBSI programs encourage older people to (1) take care of themselves and their peers, (2) sustain their well-being, and (3) create a cohesive and inclusive community. Although the emergence of CBSI programs is a global phenomenon, the variations, effectiveness, and sustainability of these programs are unknown. To uncover information about the Japanese version of CBSI programs, we conducted observations and face-to-face interviews with related personnel at two CBSI programs in rural areas of Japan in 2018. We found both positive and negative aspects in the current form of CBSI programs. As for the positives, these programs promote older people’s physical and psychological well-being and enhance community cohesiveness. However, CBSI programs face challenges, including that groups tend to be gender and age specific: men and the younger-old are less likely to show interest. A group-specific approach to CBSI programs could cause future community division, which would be contrary to the goal. Given the continued advancement of the aging population, a new approach to participant recruitment is needed.
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Pothisiri, Wiraporn, and Paolo Miguel Manalang Vicerra. "Psychological distress during COVID-19 pandemic in low-income and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study of older persons in Thailand." BMJ Open 11, no. 4 (April 2021): e047650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047650.
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ObjectiveThe COVID-19 situation in Thailand was controlled with various social measures. Much of the information covered in the media and in studies focused on the public health and economic aspects of the pandemic. This study aimed to explore the psychological well-being of older people, which is important especially in an ageing society categorised as low income or middle income due to the limits of economic and healthcare resources.SettingThe impact of COVID-19 on older persons in Thailand, an online survey, taken across nine provinces within the five regions of the country.ParticipantsInformation was collected from 1230 adults aged at least 60 years old.If an older person was illiterate, unable to access the internet or had a disability preventing them from responding to the survey, an intermediary residing in the community conducted the survey interview.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe analysis focused on the worries of older adults and the factors associated with psychological distress experienced during the pandemic using logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe majority of people aged at least 60 years old experienced psychological distress during COVID-19. Employment loss (OR 1.08, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.38), inadequate income (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.44) and debt incursion (OR 2.74, 95% CI 1.57 to 4.80) were detrimental to psychological well-being. The negative changes in the perception of their health status (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.23 to 2.99) and decreased life satisfaction (OR 1.49, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.87) also weighed on older Thais. The protective factors for psychological well-being were residing in rural areas (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.61) and being married (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.55 to 1.01).ConclusionObserving the concerns of the older population is important for introducing policies that can alleviate their precarious financial and health statuses.
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Merizzi, Alessandra. "Clinical supervision in older adult mental health services." Working with Older People 23, no. 4 (November 28, 2019): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wwop-09-2019-0024.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how supervision is applied in the context of National Health Service services for older adults, with particular regard to the profession of clinical psychology and psychotherapy. Design/methodology/approach The clinical supervision theories that are considered in this exploration are the Seven-Eyed Model (Hawkins and Shohet, 2012) and the Cyclical Model (Page and Wosket, 2015). The discussion also integrates an overview of psychological dynamics as presented by the existing literature with the author’s reflections on the influence of ageing stereotypes in the therapeutic work with older adults. Findings The theoretical models of clinical supervision considered can offer a robust framework and pathway for supervisory work in psychology and psychotherapy for older people. However, this alone seems insufficient and needs to be combined with the supervisor’s knowledge on psychology of ageing as well as their own self-reflection on internalised ageing stereotypes. Practical implications The paper suggests a need for health care professionals, providing clinical supervision on older adult therapeutic work, to be familiar with the aspects analysed. Originality/value Clinical supervision handbooks overlook aspects related to age as an issue of difference. This paper adds value to the clinical work with older people through a novel attempt to link implications of ageing stereotypes with the therapeutic and supervisory practice.
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WADA, YOSHIMI. "Older people's exercising of choice in long-term care: a comparative analysis of England and Japan." Ageing and Society 36, no. 06 (April 16, 2015): 1185–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x15000264.
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ABSTRACTThere has been an increasing emphasis on choice for older people in long-term care in both England and Japan. However, despite the emphasis on the importance of choice, the perspectives of older people have been given little attention. Considering national and local policies in Bristol, England and Kyoto, Japan, the article explores how older people are exercising (and not exercising) choice in care practice through examining the perspectives of the older people themselves, as well as key informants in the field. Empirical data were collected from interviews with older people and key informants in the two countries, and were analysed using qualitative and comparative approaches. Choice in policy is regarded as a mechanism of the market with an assumption of the independent autonomous individual who can exercise ‘rational choice’. However, the findings have reflected older people's relational decision-making, which does not conform to the rational model of decision-making, and illustrates the value of ‘interdependence’. The findings from care practice have shown that choice was considered an important value in involving older people's views and ensuring their needs are met sensitively and respectfully. The findings also suggested that consideration of the psychological aspects of choice is an important aspect of ‘care’, facilitating the inclusion of older people's views in the process of making judgements, in order to meet their needs.
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Löfqvist, Charlotte, Staffan Eriksson, Torbjörn Svensson, and Susanne Iwarsson. "First Steps towards Evidence-Based Preventive Home Visits: Experiences Gathered in a Swedish Municipality." Journal of Aging Research 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/352942.
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The purpose of preventive home visits is to promote overall health and wellbeing in old age. The aim of this paper was to describe the process of the development of evidence-based preventive home visits, targeting independent community-living older persons. The evidence base was generated from published studies and practical experiences. The results demonstrate that preventive home visits should be directed to persons 80 years old and older and involve various professional competences. The visits should be personalized, lead to concrete interventions, and be followed up. The health areas assessed should derive from a broad perspective and include social, psychological, and medical aspects. Core components in the protocol developed in this study captured physical, medical, psychosocial, and environmental aspects. Results of a pilot study showed that the protocol validly identified health risks among older people with different levels of ADL dependence.
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HUGHES, MARK. "Loneliness and social support among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex people aged 50 and over." Ageing and Society 36, no. 9 (July 16, 2015): 1961–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x1500080x.
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ABSTRACTLoneliness is a debilitating condition with particular negative health effects, including psychological distress. While the vast majority of older people do not experience significant degrees of loneliness, a minority do and there are some reports that this is even greater among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) seniors. This article examines the experience of loneliness and social support among LGBTI people aged 50 and over living in New South Wales, Australia. It also explores their interest in participating in social and health-promoting activities. Findings from an online survey delivered to 312 people are reported. Loneliness was associated with living alone, not being in a relationship, higher psychological distress and lower mental health. Nonetheless, most respondents reported that they are able to gain support from both biological family and friends if they need it in a crisis. The social and health-promoting activities that were most preferred among all respondents were fitness groups, walking groups, swimming and meditation. Those who experienced the greatest degree of loneliness were much more likely than those who were less lonely to want to participate in social and health-promoting activities with other LGBTI people. The findings indicate scope for community organisations to develop targeted interventions, such as those social and health-promoting activities most preferred by the participants of this study.
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Задионченко, Екатерина, Ekaterina Zadionchenko, Полина Казакова, and Polina Kazakova. "Demand for cosmetology procedures in accordance with psychological aspects of personality." Applied psychology and pedagogy 4, no. 2 (June 28, 2019): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5d1284224dea37.06601554.
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An increased number of cosmetic institutes and cosmetologists as well as a wide range of service in this field is explained by natural physiological processes in our body, whichsteadily lead to decline of its functions, i.e. aging. Fashion for bright, young and successful look makes a great contribution to psychological behavior of a modern woman making her conform to social trends. The presence of various skin diseasesresulting from pathological aspects, disruption of hormonal status, bad ecology, and stress entails early appearance of aesthetic drawbacks that makes a person call upon specialists of aesthetic and cosmetology fields, or even dermatologists, in some severe cases.
We were interested people of what age and with what problems address cosmetologists. The object of our research was men and women older than 18, dissatisfied with their appearance or having some skin problems. We did not take into account people who visit cosmetologists on instructions of their parents (average age of such patients is 12±1,8 years old). Anonymous questionnaire was held among 163 people, among whom there were 37 men (average age is 28±1,9 years old) and 125 women (average age is 33±1,7 years old). All the respondents were asked to answer the questions of a prepared questionnaire (pic.1; pic.2): about multiplicity of visits to a cosmetologist, about the reasons of visiting a cosmetologist, types of cosmetology service, and to evaluate (subjectively) the efficiency of mass-market cosmetics and professional cosmetics, and to point out the qualities that a cosmetologist should possess.
By analyzing the obtained data we learnt that men (75,3%) almost do not visit a cosmetologist, but women vice versa visit a cosmetologists on a regular basis (70,9%). However, 22,1% of women carry out procedures more often than 1-2 times a month, and the others (6,6%) – 1-2 times a week. It happened that the most popular procedure is depilation (34,4%). A facial (21,6%) and massage (21,6%) are less in demand.It was revealed that women almost equally use mass-market cosmetics and professional cosmetics while men (85%) do not differentiate between these them and do not use any of them. According to a subjective evaluation, in 46,4% of the cases the use of professional cosmetics was more popular than cosmetics made of simple home ingredients that was bought in ordinary shops.
93,1% of respondents pointed out that the most important quality of a cosmetologist is medical education.
Despite high motivation of women to visit a cosmetologist, according to the questionnaire, high prices of procedures limits the quantity of visits, 34,2% of respondents told this.
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FERNÁNDEZ-CARRO, CELIA. "Ageing at home, co-residence or institutionalisation? Preferred care and residential arrangements of older adults in Spain." Ageing and Society 36, no. 3 (December 17, 2014): 586–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x1400138x.
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ABSTRACTThis paper examines the opinions of Spanish older people regarding the ideal living situation in later life – living in their own home, co-residing in a relative's home or institutionalisation – differentiating between two hypothetical situations: healthy ageing and frailty. Data are drawn from the Instituto de Mayores y Servicios Sociales (Institute of Older People and Social Services; IMSERSO) survey Encuesta de Mayores 2010 (Older People Survey 2010), comprising 2,535 individuals aged 65 and over living in private dwellings. The results confirm that residential preferences vary depending on expected health conditions. Remaining in one's own home is preferred when older people foresee a healthy old age, whilst co-residence at a relative's home turns into the favoured solution if older people have to face some physical or cognitive limitation. The particularities of the Spanish context regarding family-oriented values about care responsibilities and the structural deficiency in the provision of formal support, in addition to other socio-demographic, psychological and attitudinal aspects, were explanatory factors of the lower desirability for ageing at home in the case of frailty. The findings question the uniform image of ‘ageing in place’ as a preference, inviting reflections on the need to distinguish between later-life stages and national contexts.
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CHENG, SHUN PING, TZE FANG WANG, FU IN TANG, NGOK KIU CHU, and I. JU CHEN. "The influence of high-rise residence on physical activity and quality of life among older people with leprosy in a retirement community." Ageing and Society 34, no. 1 (August 15, 2012): 90–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x12000840.
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ABSTRACTThe significant time older people typically spend at home affects both their level of physical activity and quality of life. This prospective cohort study was designed to identify the effects that living in a high-rise residence retirement community has on physical activity and quality of life in older people with leprosy. The relocation group was comprised of study participants who had relocated voluntarily to a high-rise apartment building. The comparison group was comprised of study participants who had chosen not to relocate to that building. Data were collected using a personal information survey, Modified Baecke's Questionnaire, and the brief version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment (WHOQOL-BREF). The groups were significantly similar in terms of household activities, leisure time activities, total physical activity score, and quality of life physical and social aspects, and significantly different in terms of quality of life overall (F=7.864,p=0.006), psychological (F=5.403,p=0.021) and environmental (F=23.099,p=0.000) aspects. This study indicates that living in a high-rise apartment environment does not decrease physical activity and may promote overall quality of life, and psychological and environmental aspects, in retirement community residents. The findings enhance understanding of the effect of different living environments on physical activity and quality of life. Greater health professional participation in retirement community design to ensure such designs facilitate residents’ health and quality of life is recommended.
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Winter, Laraine, M. Powell Lawton, Robin J. Casten, and Robert L. Sando. "The Relationship between External Events and Affect States in Older People." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 50, no. 2 (March 2000): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/tppf-h0tu-ybu7-tabn.
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Long-term and moderately short-term effects of bereavement and marriage on psychological well-being (PWB) among older people were investigated. The aspect of PWB that was examined was the prevalence of six affects, rated in terms of their frequency during the past year. Affect frequency of four groups was tested: Recently widowed, recently married, and widowed and married elders unselected for length of time in those marital statuses. As predicted, both length of time in the marital status and congruence between the positive event (marriage) and positive affect and between congruence of the negative event (bereavement and negative affect) were associated with group differences. Depressive affect was greatest among the recently bereaved but the recently-married, long-married, and longer-bereaved groups did not differ in depression. Positive affect was greatest among the recently married and other groups did not differ in this respect. Hostility, anxiety, shyness, and contentment were not predicted to differ among groups; in fact, contentment was least in the bereaved; shyness was least among the recently-married, and hostility was lowest among the long-widowed. Results are discussed in terms of the joint influences of time since a life event and the differential relevance of positive and negative affect states to positive and negative events. Continued research attention to the covariation of these factors in relation to the affective aspects of PWB is needed to understand the conditions of stability and change.
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SCHIRMER, WERNER, and DIMITRIS MICHAILAKIS. "Loneliness among older people as a social problem: the perspectives of medicine, religion and economy." Ageing and Society 36, no. 8 (August 27, 2015): 1559–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x15000999.
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ABSTRACTThis article offers a theoretical framework for studying loneliness among older people from a social problems perspective. The framework combines the constructionist approach to social problems (Spector and Kitsuse) and systems theory (Luhmann). Based on the first approach, we understand the social problem of loneliness among older people to be the result of claims-making activities by different key actors. These activities are guided by underlying moralities, causalities and solutions. With the second approach, we can explain how social problems are framed differently within different social systems. The proposed framework is primarily aimed at researchers studying social (in contrast to bio-medical or psychological) aspects of loneliness among older people. It helps not only to guide research designs in order to address conflicting perspectives, rationalities and interests but also to enable researchers to grasp fully how ‘loneliness among older people’ is attributed (potentially shifting) meanings through communicative acts by influential stakeholders in the ‘social problems industry‘. Combining constructionism and Luhmann's theory also helps to interpret and explain concrete claims-making concerning loneliness as a social problem. The argument in this article is illustrated via three different social systems: medicine, religion and economy. Loneliness among older people appears to be something different from each of these perspectives: as a matter of health and illness, of spirituality, and of incentives and commodities, respectively.
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Negredo, Eugenia, David Back, José-Ramón Blanco, Julià Blanco, Kristine M. Erlandson, Maite Garolera, Giovanni Guaraldi, et al. "Aging in HIV-Infected Subjects: A New Scenario and a New View." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5897298.
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The prevalence of HIV-infected people aged 50 years or older is increasing rapidly; the proportion will increase from 28% to 73% in 2030. In addition, HIV-infected individuals may be more vulnerable to age-related condition. There is growing evidence that the prevalence of comorbidities and other age-related conditions (geriatric syndromes, functional or neurocognitive/mental problems, polypharmacy, and social difficulties) is higher in the HIV-infected population than in their uninfected counterparts. However, despite the potential impact of this situation on health care, little information exists about the optimal clinical management of older HIV-infected people. Here we examine the age-related conditions in older HIV-infected persons and address clinical management according to author expertise and published literature. Our aim is to advance the debate about the most appropriate management of this population, including less well-studied aspects, such as frequency of screening for psychological/mental and social and functional capabilities.
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Kotsani, Marina, Evrydiki Kravvariti, Christina Avgerinou, Symeon Panagiotakis, Katerina Bograkou Tzanetakou, Eleftheria Antoniadou, Georgios Karamanof, et al. "The Relevance and Added Value of Geriatric Medicine (GM): Introducing GM to Non-Geriatricians." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 14 (July 7, 2021): 3018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10143018.
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Geriatric Medicine (GM) holds a crucial role in promoting health and managing the complex medical, cognitive, social, and psychological issues of older people. However, basic principles of GM, essential for optimizing the care of older people, are commonly unknown or undermined, especially in countries where GM is still under development. This narrative review aims at providing insights into the role of GM to non-geriatrician readers and summarizing the main aspects of the added value of a geriatric approach across the spectrum of healthcare. Health practitioners of all specialties are frequently encountered with clinical conditions, common in older patients (such as cancer, hypertension, delirium, major neurocognitive and mental health disorders, malnutrition, and peri-operative complications), which could be more appropriately managed under the light of the approach of GM. The role of allied health professionals with specialized knowledge and skills in dealing with older people’s issues is essential, and a multidisciplinary team is required for the delivery of optimal care in response to the needs and aspirations of older people. Thus, countries should assure the educational background of all health care providers and the specialized health and social care services required to meet the demands of a rapidly aging society.
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Bužgová, Radka, and Kateřina Ivanová. "Elder Abuse and Mistreatment in Residential Settings." Nursing Ethics 16, no. 1 (January 2009): 110–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733008097996.
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Older people living in a residential setting have the right to respectful care based on professional ethics. The aim of this study was to describe employees' and clients' lived experiences of elder abuse. A qualitative phenomenological method was used with 26 employees and 20 residents from four homes for elderly people in the town of Ostrava, Czech Republic, and two managers from outside these institutions. All complaints about elder abuse ( n 5 11) received by Ostrava Municipal Authority during the period 2003 to 2007 were examined. Two main dimensions of the examined phenomenon were identified: forms of elder abuse and causes of elder abuse. Established forms of elder abuse were summarized as rights violation, financial abuse, psychological abuse, physical abuse and neglect. Causes of elder abuse included institution, employee and client characteristics. It is necessary in residential settings to create preventive policies that will focus on supervision regarding elderly people's rights violation and psychological and physical abuse, as well as on building organizational cultures that will respect ethical principles.
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Ambrosi-Randić, Neala, Marina Nekić, and Ivana Tucak Junaković. "Felt Age, Desired, and Expected Lifetime in the Context of Health, Well-Being, and Successful Aging." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 87, no. 1 (July 18, 2017): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091415017720888.
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This study examines the interrelations of three different aspects of the subjective age: felt, desired and expected, as well as their relations with the chronological age (CA), health, and psychological well-being variables. Four hundred and twenty-three community-dwelling Croatian adults, aged 60–95 years, participated in the study. All three subjective age measures significantly correlated with the CA. Self-rated health were better predictors of the subjective age compared to the psychological variables. Among psychological variables, successful aging was the only significant predictor of the felt and expected age, while optimism showed to be the only significant predictor of the desired age. Results indicate the importance of some sociodemographic, psychological, and health variables for understanding older persons' subjective age identity and their desires and expectations regarding length of life. Besides the CA, it is very useful to include subjective age measures in research with elderly people.
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Parr-Brownlie, Louise C., Debra L. Waters, Stephen Neville, Tia Neha, and Naoko Muramatsu. "Aging in New Zealand: Ka haere ki te ao pakeketanga." Gerontologist 60, no. 5 (May 2, 2020): 812–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnaa032.
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Abstract Aotearoa-New Zealand is expecting the number of older adults to double in the next 20 years. Despite publicly funded health and welfare support for older citizens, the aging experience differs across ethnic groups. This creates opportunities and challenges for health and social services to deliver culturally safe and equitable care for all older New Zealanders. Longitudinal and large data sets are pivotal for characterizing the aging experience from birth to advanced age. The New Zealand research funding system responded to predicted demographic changes by increasing funding in order to inform and address key health and well-being issues for older people. In addition, government strategies and policies increasingly focus on social aspects of aging and health inequities and require researchers and organizations to be better connected to end-users. New Zealand needs to continue to fund research that identifies unique and courageous service delivery solutions that result in positive social, financial, psychological, and physical aging for older New Zealanders.
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Žemaitaityte, Irena, and Agne Balčiūnaite. "APPLICATION OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE STUDY PROCESSES OF THE UNIVERSITIES OF THE THIRD AGE." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 5 (May 25, 2018): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2018vol1.3205.
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The article reviews the experience of people arranging studies involving information and communication technologies into the University of the Third Age studies organization. Life expectancy is longer and the birth rate is lower in proportion to older age people; due to these facts, the ageing is even more noticeable. This situation requires certain measures, which would be effective in the future. Non-formal education institutions, including University of the Third Age, react to the changes and offer trainings which help older people to maintain working-capacity, physical, social and psychological health. In order to provide greater benefits, it is important to pay attention not only to the students of the Third Age but to the needs and changes of society on the whole. It is obvious that in the twenty-first century life is hardly imaginable without information-communication technologies (ICT), which are not only rapidly growing and modifying but are also integrating and changing each and every one aspects of people`s lives, regardless of their age. Therefore, it is extremely important that elder persons have at least minimal of computer literacy and ICT skills in order to conform to modern society standards.
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Damulin, I. V., and M. V. Tardov. "Falls in the elderly due to vestibular dysfunction: clinical and pathogenetic aspects." Medical Journal of the Russian Federation 26, no. 2 (August 19, 2020): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0869-2106-2020-26-2-98-103.
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This article discusses the clinical features and causes of falls in the elderly due to vestibular dysfunction. The sociomedical significance of this problem is emphasized. Almost 50% of older people who have suffered repeated falls have a restriction of physical activity because of psychological reasons (fear of repeated falls). The most common cause of falls is balance disorders, and the corresponding complaint in patients with falls is vertigo. The description of peripheral and central forms of vertigo is provided. The clinical and pathogenetic aspects of these disorders are considered. It emphasizes that research conducted in recent years using methods of functional neuroimaging has significantly advanced our understanding of the mechanisms of functioning of the vestibular system, especially its central parts. Based on the results of studies aimed at studying the human connectome in patients with cochleovestibular disorders, the significance of multimodal sensory integration disorders with this pathology is shown.
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Pavlova, Nadezhda S., and Yelena A. Sergiyenko. "LIFE QUALITY AND TIME PERSPECTIVE AT THE LATE ONTOGENESIS STAGE." Vestnik Kostroma State University. Series: Pedagogy. Psychology. Sociokinetics, no. 2 (2020): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/2073-1426-2020-26-2-47-55.
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The article deals with the peculiarities of psychological and physical health components as the life quality indicators in correlation with the time perspective at the late ontogenesis stage (aged 58–93) in groups of people leading different lifestyles: elderly non-working people who are at home-based social services; elderly non-working people, leading an active lifestyle. It has been established that subjective indicators of life quality is at the rather low level and decreases with age. An active lifestyle, as well as cohabitation living, contributes to keep higher life quality. The prevailing temporal orientations in the general sample are «Future» and «Positive Past». A balanced time perspective is observed in one third of respondents. The Past and the Present are correlated, while the mode of the future is isolated. Active pensioners are more future-oriented then the older people at social services. The age of 64–75 years is the most balanced, when all three aspects of time are actualised and integrated in the personality time perspective. Single or cohabiting living does not affect the personality time perspective. The life quality is correlated with the time perspective: the factors «Hedonistic present», «Fatalistic present» and «Negative past» are mainly related to the psychological component of health and its parameters.
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Ermolaeva, M. V., and D. V. Lubovsky. "The concept of encounter in psychotherapy and developmental psychology." Консультативная психология и психотерапия 23, no. 3 (2015): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/cpp.2015230308.
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The article discusses possibilities for application of the concept of encounter in two areas of practical developmental psychology — in the work with the aesthetic experience gained by people in the perception of artworks and in relation to mental health services for older people, for whom one of the most important activities is the recollection of their life. Authors take as basic the understanding of the encounter proposed by W. Schutz, who showed psychological tools to achieve it in psychotherapy, and R. May, who applied this concept in the psychology of creativity. The authors clarify psychotechnical tools to achieve basic aspects (openness, self-consciousness, responsibility, etc.) in relation to the work of psychologist with the aesthetic experience as a result of the perception of artworks, and recollections of the life in mature and advanced age. The importance of encounter with aesthetic experience is considered in the context of forming a system of means mastering our own emotions (L.S. Vygotsky). Authors stressed the importance of the encounter with recollections of the past for the growth of psychological new formations of mature ages.
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Rosenova, Marina, Irina Sokolovskaya, and Elena Tkach. "Family institute and environmental responsibility in the view of Russian youth." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 07027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125807027.
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Modern studies of ideas about the family reflect a contradiction: on the one hand, young people are guided by the values of individualism, freedom, and self-development, and on the other, they maintain the high value and desirability of the family. The use of methods of psychosemantics and metaphorical images in the study revealed the peculiarities of young people’s ideas about the family and revealed the “zones of psychological tension” in the sphere of family and family relations. In the semantics of ideas about the family, schoolchildren and students alike identified the priorities of boundaries and the understanding of the family as a closed location. In the minds of students, the cognitive and emotional aspects of ideas are more clearly differentiated, and the willingness to actively create their own family is reflected. Among young people with higher education and experience of marriage or cohabitation, negative connotations of family assessment prevail. The area of psychological stress in the family sphere: schoolchildren have a weak orientation in family relations, students have idealistic expectations, and older youth have numerous problems related to personality characteristics.
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Leskovets, E. A., and A. G. Lutaya. "INNOVATIVE ASPECTS OF THE MEDICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL LONG-TERM REHABILITATION OF OLDAGED PATIENTS IN OUT-PATIENT CLINICS ON THE BASIC OF SPECIALIZED MEDICAL CENTRES." Vestnik Universiteta, no. 3 (May 29, 2020): 186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2020-3-186-190.
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The innovative aspects of medical and psychological rehabilitation of the old-aged patients in out-patient clinics on the basis of specialized medical centre have been studied. As an innovation: the long-term rehabilitation work (an additional period to the main course of 14 days) on the recovery of this category of patients, taking their age peculiarities into consideration (low level of intellectual and neuro-dynamic abilities); restorative treatment in a 24-hour hospital on the basis of the multifactorial program have been offered. In both cases, the emphasis is made on the recovery in terms of the developed program “The territory of welfare”. It is a medical and psychological support of the elderly on the basis of the Rehabilitation Medical Center “RZD-Medicine”, Yekaterinburg. On the one hand, this program will give an opportunity to overcome the lack of the provision of medical and psychological services during outpatient treatment.On the other hand, the program will help to understand the necessity of the rehabilitation measures extension for the elderly patients on the basis of medical centers. This program as an approbation for including into a pilot project “The organization of a modern model of a long-term medical treatment for the elderly people based on the principles of interdisciplinary and inter-departmental interaction (The Territory of care)”and for reconsidering the practice of rehabilitation services for the elderly; it is a necessary measure for the prevention, training and activation of the internal resources of older people for their productive aging.
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Ishida, Akira, and Emiko Ishida. "Changes in Daily Life Satisfaction among Community Dwelling Elderly during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan." Journal of Ageing and Longevity 1, no. 1 (August 10, 2021): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jal1010002.
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Previous studies pointed out that the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had a lesser effect on elderly people compared to their younger counterparts. However, a limited number of studies have analyzed the effects of COVID-19 on the psychological aspects of the elderly using longitudinal data. Therefore, the main objective of our study was to clarify the changes in self-rated overall daily life satisfaction among community dwelling elderly in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used the longitudinal data of 5176 individuals aged 15 years and older from the first and second internet surveys on “Changes in Daily Life Awareness and Behavior under the Influence of the New Coronavirus Infection” conducted by the Cabinet Office of Japan. The estimation result of the mixed-effects model indicated that elderly people were more adversely affected by the first wave of the pandemic (May 2020) compared to their younger counterparts. However, by the beginning of the third wave (December 2020), they had largely recovered to the same level as that of before the COVID-19 pandemic, which suggested that the elderly managed to cope with psychological distress to some extent during the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic.
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Gyasi, Razak M., David R. Phillips, and Padmore Adusei Amoah. "Multidimensional Social Support and Health Services Utilization Among Noninstitutionalized Older Persons in Ghana." Journal of Aging and Health 32, no. 3-4 (December 3, 2018): 227–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264318816217.
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Objectives: This study examines multidimensional social supports as predictors of health services utilization among community-dwelling older Ghanaians. Method: Using data from a 2016/2017 Aging, Health, Psychological Wellbeing and Health-Seeking Behavior Study ( N = 1,200), Poisson regression models estimated the associations of aspects of informal social support and health facility utilization among older people. Results: Findings suggest that regular contacts with family/close friends (odds ratio [OR] = 1.299; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.111, 1.519]), social participation (OR = 1.021; 95% CI = [1.140, 1.910]), and remittances from adult children (OR = 1.091; 95%CI = [1.086, 1.207]) were associated with increased health services utilization with some gender variations. Having caregivers increased health care use generally (OR = 1.108; 95% CI = [1.016, 1.209]) and among men (OR = 1.181; 95% CI = [1.015, 1.373]). However, we found decrease in health care use among those who received pecuniary assistance (OR = 0.893; 95% CI = [0.805, 0.990]). Discussion: Perceived structural and functional social support domains appear influential in health care utilization among older adults in Ghana. The findings underscore the need for intervention programs and social policies targeted at both micro-factors and wider social factors, including the novel area of remittances to older adults.
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Marello, Madeline M., Julie Hicks Patrick, and Abigail M. Nehrkorn-Bailey. "(OLDER) PEOPLE REMEMBER HOW YOU MAKE THEM FEEL: AGE DIFFERENCES IN THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL EXCHANGES." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.632.
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Abstract Socioemotional Selectivity Theory poses that as we age our motivations transition from knowledge focused to emotionally focused (Carstensen, 1995). This shift to emotional motivation increases the relevance of relationships and social interactions for older adults. We examined different aspects of social support: frequency of positive/negative social interactions, satisfaction with positive social interactions, and bothered by social interactions -- to investigate these effects on one’s global well-being. Negative and positive social exchanges are linked to psychological health (Newsom et al., 2005), however one’s perceptions of those social interactions are important to consider as well -- being satisfied or bothered by social interactions shows a better perspective of the individual’s experience than simply recording frequency. The results of our multi-group path analysis show that there are different effects of social supports on global well-being contingent on age, consistent with socioemotional selectivity theory. For adults under 30 years old (Mage = 24.0, range 18 to 29) social support did not significantly relate to well-being. For adults over 30 and under 50 (Mage = 38.9) frequency of positive social interactions is significantly related to well-being (B = .201). For adults over 50 (Mage = 58.8, range 50 to 87) the perception of social exchanges, not their frequency, are what influence well-being: both satisfaction with positive social interactions (B = .402) and being bothered by negative social interactions predict well-being (B = -.193). It is important to know that older adult’s perceptions of social exchanges effect their well-being, future directions are discussed.
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Ewen, Heidi H. "WORKING WITH OR WITHOUT AGING SPECIALISTS: WHERE ARE THE GERONTOLOGISTS?" Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.188.
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Abstract One question asked by generations of gerontology doctoral students is what types of employment can be secured after completing the PhD in Gerontology. The Gerontology Education Longitudinal Study (GELS) has surveyed graduate students and alumni of the various doctoral programs in order to understand the career trajectories of graduates. Of 102 alumni surveyed in 2014 (42% response rate), the majority (60%) were not working with other people who had degrees in gerontology, yet 51% report working with at least some people who have experience with aging and older adults. On the job, graduates say that their duties require knowledge and mastery of public policy issues, health and medical aspects related to aging, and psychological theories. As aging experts, it is inherent in their work to combat ageism and reduce age-related stereotypes. As such, gerontologists are using substantive content expertise within their careers and serving as experts in aging.
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Palese, Alvisa, Silvia Gonella, Tea Kasa, Davide Caruzzo, Mark Hayter, and Roger Watson. "Negative prompts aimed at maintaining eating independence." Nursing Ethics 26, no. 7-8 (December 28, 2018): 2158–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733018819124.
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Background: Psychological abuse of older people is difficult to recognise; specifically, nursing home residents have been documented to be at higher risk of psychological abuse during daily care, such as during feeding. Healthcare professionals adopt positive and negative verbal prompts to maintain residents’ eating independence; however, negative prompts’ purposes and implications have never been discussed to date. Research aims: To critically analyse negative verbal prompts given during mealtimes as forms of abuse of older individuals and violation of ethical principles. Research design: This is a secondary analysis of three cases of negative prompts that emerged in a large descriptive study based upon focus group methodology and involving 13 nursing homes and 54 healthcare professionals. Participants and research context: This study included 3 out of 13 nursing homes caring for residents with moderate/severe functional dependence in self-feeding mainly due to dementia; in these nursing homes, we conducted three focus groups and 13 healthcare professionals participated. Ethical considerations: This study was conducted in accordance with the Human Subject Research Ethics Committee guidelines after being approved by the Review Board of the Trust. Findings: With the intent of maintaining self-feeding independence, negative verbal prompts have been reported as being used by nursing home teams. By critically analysing these negative prompts, it turned out they could trigger intimidation, depression and anxiety and thus could be considered as forms of abuse; moreover, negative prompts can threaten the ethical principles of (1) autonomy using a paternalist approach, (2) beneficence and non-maleficence as with the intent to act in the best interests of residents (to maintain self-feeding independence) they are harmed in their dignity and (3) justice, given that residents who received negative prompts are treated differently from those who received positive prompts. Discussion: Eating should be a pleasant experience with a positive impact on physiological, psychological and social well-being. However, negative prompting can lead to abuse and violation of basic ethical principles, destroying the healthcare professional resident and relative relationships strongly dependent on trust. Conclusion: Negative verbal prompting must be avoided.
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Hadley, Robin A. "‘It's most of my life – going to the pub or the group’: the social networks of involuntarily childless older men." Ageing and Society 41, no. 1 (July 3, 2019): 51–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x19000837.
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AbstractThe social networks of older people are a significant influence on their health and wellbeing. Adult children are an important element in their parent's network and provide the majority of informal care. The morphology of personal networks alters with age, employment, gender and relationships. Not having children automatically reduces both vertical familial structure and affects the wider formal and informal social links that children can bring. Childless men are missing from gerontological, reproduction, sociological and psychological research. These fields have all mainly focused on family and women. This paper reports on an auto/biographical qualitative study framed by biographical, feminist, gerontological and lifecourse approaches. Data were gathered from semi-structured biographical interviews with 14 self-defined involuntarily childless men aged between 49 and 82 years old. A latent thematic analysis highlighted the complex intersections between childlessness and individual agency, relationships and socio-cultural structures. The impact of major lifecourse events and non-events had significant implications for how childless people perform and view their social and self-identity. I argue that involuntary childlessness affects the social, emotional and relational aspects of men's lived experience across the lifecourse.
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Puzin, S. N., Marina A. Shurgaya, M. A. Shkurko, I. A. Krasnomyasova, S. N. Khristophorov, and S. S. Memetov. "Aspects of rehabilitation of disabled elderly persons in the Russian Federation." Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation 19, no. 3 (September 15, 2016): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1560-9537-2016-19-3-116-122.
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The article presents the results of the study of recommendations both for the rehabilitation of citizens, recognized primary and re-examination as disabled patients in the Russian Federation (2014). A positive result of the implementation of individual rehabilitation program was achieved in 45.1% of persons with disabilities, with the most significant recovery rates being at the level of 51.7% (integration of disabled persons in the family and society) and 50.8% (achievement of a partial compensation of lost functions). Disturbed functions were partially restored in 28.6% ofpersons with disabilities. As a result of the analysis of questionnaires of the evaluation tool (308forms), performed in the Care Home of Labor Veterans number 17, the Department of Labor and Social Protection of Moscow, there was revealed the medical and social status of persons with disabilities staying in this institution. The gender structure ofpersons with disabilities is characterized by a slight predominance ofwomen (59.7%) versus 40.3% of men. Among of all persons with disabilities there are dominated people aged of 75-89 years (51.9%). In the implementation of the comprehensive rehabilitation of disabled patients the need in drug therapy accounts of 100%, in the physiotherapy treatment - 89.6%, and physical therapy methods are used in 99.4% ofpersons with disabilities. With bearing in mind medical indications there are applied methods of socio-environmental, social and domestic, socio-psychological, sociocultural (art therapy, library therapy and adaptive physical education). For the creation of a barrier-free environment patients with disabilities are provided with the technical means of Rehabilitation. At the end of 2014 16.0 thousand people stand on the waiting list for the admission in stationary social care institutions for adults in the Russian Federation. With taking into account of demographical situation of an aging of the population and the gain in the demand for stationary establishments [2] intended for living of the older generation of people who cannot take care of themselves independently and need constant assistance, the further development of the social service system is feasible and has an important medical health value.
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Sadeq, Nasreen. "“Not as Bad as I Thought”: Undergraduate Students’ Perspectives on Aging." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.015.
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Abstract Ageism remains prevalent in our society and negatively affects older adults. Undergraduate education could be a potential avenue for combating ageism among individuals moving into the workforce. The current investigation is a pilot study in which students enrolled in an upper-level undergraduate course were asked to reflect on how their perspectives on aging had changed following the completion of the course. The course, Psychology of Aging, provides students with an overview of the psychological aspects of aging, including cognitive, physical, and social changes. Consensual qualitative methods were used to explore student responses (N=150) and analyzed using Atlas.ti 7. The results indicated that majority of students had a more positive view of aging following course completion. The three most common themes that emerged were 1) positive aging, 2) living arrangements, and 3) social relationships. For the positive aging theme, students recognized the positive aspects of aging, with many commenting that aging was not as bad as they originally thought. Nearly all the responses in the living arrangements theme reflected students’ previous assumptions that most older adults live in nursing homes. In the social relationships theme, students realized that aging does not make people value social connection any less. The findings suggest that providing students with accurate information about aging has the potential to correct their negative views of aging, and highlight the importance of gerontology coursework in higher education, particularly for those pursuing careers in which they will regularly interact with older adults.
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Lipowski, Mariusz, Tamara Walczak-Kozłowska, Małgorzata Lipowska, Jakub Kortas, Jędrzej Antosiewicz, Giancarlo Falcioni, and Ewa Ziemann. "Improvement of Attention, Executive Functions, and Processing Speed in Elderly Women as a Result of Involvement in the Nordic Walking Training Program and Vitamin D Supplementation." Nutrients 11, no. 6 (June 11, 2019): 1311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11061311.
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Research indicates that life satisfaction declines with age, and cognitive abilities are gradually reduced—mainly attentional functioning and cognitive processing speed. Therefore, scientists seek to find protective factors and test possible intervention programs; moderately intensive physical activity stands out as particularly promising. In this context, we evaluated the influence of Nordic Walking training supported by vitamin D supplementation (as this nutrient is especially deficient in older people in Poland) on the cognitive and psychological functioning of elderly women. A total of 52 healthy elderly women took part in a Nordic Walking training program complemented by vitamin D supplementation. Cognitive functioning was assessed with the Trail Making Test and the D2 Test of Attention. Quality of life and severity of depressive symptoms were measured with the Short Form Health Survey and the Beck Depression Inventory 2. Significant improvements in all aspects of cognitive functioning was observed (p = 0.01–0.47). The study also showed a decrease in depressive symptoms (p = 0.026). Physical activity and adequate levels of vitamin D can be the key factors in maintaining self-reliance in old age. Involvement in Nordic Walking training, supported by vitamin D supplementation, can strengthen the cognitive functioning of older people—reflected in higher attentional capabilities, better executive functions, and improved cognitive processing speed.
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Shea, Kimberly D., and Kimberly D. Shea. "THE TIPPING POINT STUDY: DIGITAL DETECTION AND DECISION SUPPORT FOR OLDER ADULTS AND FAMILIES." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2217.
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Abstract In 10 years, the United States will experience a “dependency” ratio of one working age adult (20-64 years old) to one non-working person (> 65 or 85 years old will comprise 19 million of the non-working people (US Census Bureau, 2008). Busy working adults will have to be vigilant to determine when to make life-changing decisions about health and safety issues for people that depend on them. Older adults have gradual and cumulative physical and/or psychological aging changes or can experience significant events. Knowing when to make a life-changing decision, such as when to intervene with independent living due to safety risks, is difficult even when situations have constant vigilance. Eventually, older adults experience a seemingly abrupt, sudden and absolute point where a life changing decision must be made. This is the Tipping Point. Health data, derived from unobtrusive wearable sensors, are algorithmically synthesized to provide critical information on impending concerns via an electronic portal will help the busy working adult to predict and prevent the Tipping Point. This application of precision health care results in targeted and personalized education thus avoiding a potentially catastrophic Tipping Point. This symposium provides insight into five aspects of the Tipping Point: 1) significance of identification, 2) theoretical foundation for environmental and cultural sensitivity, 3) feasibility outcomes from a Mexican American population, 4) methodology for synthesizing quantitative metrics from multivariate streams of data, 5) creation of a culturally sensitive electronic portal to display predictive information and education about consequences
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Phoenix, Cassandra, and Bevan Grant. "Expanding the Agenda for Research on the Physically Active Aging Body." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 17, no. 3 (July 2009): 362–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.17.3.362.
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In this article, the authors consider the different approaches that can be used to examine the relationship between physical activity and aging. They propose that much is to be gained in our awareness of this dynamic relationship by drawing on multiple forms of knowledge that can generate diverse understandings regarding the impact of physical activity on physiological, psychological, and social aspects of aging. Accordingly, 3 different approaches to understanding the older physically (in)active body are presented. These are categorized as (a) the objective truth about the aging, physically active body; (b) the subjective truth about the aging, physically active body; and (c) “tales” about the aging, physically active body. The key underpinnings, strengths, and weaknesses of each approach are outlined. A number of examples from the literature are also offered to demonstrate where and how each approach has been used to contribute to our understanding about older people and physical activity. The more thorough, multidisciplinary, and wide spanning our knowledge of the aging, active body is, the more informed we might become in every dimension of its existence.
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Freitag, Simone, Elmar Braehler, Silke Schmidt, and Heide Glaesmer. "The impact of forced displacement in World War II on mental health disorders and health-related quality of life in late life – a German population-based study." International Psychogeriatrics 25, no. 2 (September 24, 2012): 310–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610212001585.
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ABSTRACTBackground: Long-term effects of World War II experiences affect psychological and physical health in aged adults. Forced displacement as a traumatic event is associated with increased psychological burden even after several decades. This study investigates the contribution of forced displacement as a predictor for mental health disorders and adds the aspect of health-related quality of life (QoL).Method: A sample of 1,659 German older adults aged 60–85 years was drawn from a representative survey. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), somatoform symptoms, depressive syndromes, and health-related QoL were assessed as outcome variables. Chi-square and t-test statistics examined differences between displaced and non-displaced people. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the impact of forced displacement on mental health disorders and QoL.Results: Displaced people reported higher levels of PTSD, depressive and somatoform symptoms, and lower levels of health-related QoL. Displacement significantly predicted PTSD and somatoform symptoms in late life, but not depressive disorders. Health-related QoL was predicted by forced displacement and socio-demographic variables.Conclusion: Forced displacement is associated with an elevated risk for PTSD and somatoform symptoms and lowered health-related QoL in aged adults. Its unique impact declines after including socio-demographic variables. Long-term consequences of forced displacement need further investigations and should include positive aspects in terms of resilience and protective coping strategies.
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Smetcoren, An-Sofie, and G. A. Rixt Zijlstra. "EMPOWERING VULNERABLE GROUPS IN LATER LIFE: FOCUS ON THE ROLE OF ACTIVITIES, SOCIAL NETWORK, AND ROUND-THE-CLOCK CARE." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2139.
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Abstract Europe has been challenged with an intense rise of aging populations facing for example multiple chronic health problems, functional limitations and social and psychological challenges. With increasing age people may become vulnerable, nevertheless, they can still report high levels of well-being despite their deficits. Older adults’ strengths and resources can balance negative experiences and increase positive well-being outcomes. These resources can be personal (e.g. have sufficient income) or stemming from the social environment of the older person (e.g. an involved social network). Hence, this symposium focusses on these strengths and resources and how they might (positively) affect the well-being of vulnerable groups ageing in place. The main objective of the symposium is to give insights into different aspects and strategies that can protect older adults against negative outcomes. Four different studies from Belgium will be presented: Sarah Dury starts with explaining the potential buffering predictor of leisure and civic activities, by uncovering the mechanisms underlying the relationship between multidimensional frailty and well-being. Lise Switsers examines if the absence of social and emotional loneliness can act as a buffer to maintain a good well-being for older adults at risk of frailty. An-Sofie Smetcoren examines how ‘living in solidarity’ in a co-housing project can contribute to ageing in place. Finally, Sylvia Hoens explores the experiences of the older care users and their informal caregivers with live-in migrant care workers and examines how this care can increase their well-being.
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Dyakovych, Lina. "SOCIAL CAPITAL AS A MEANS OF IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE AGING POPULATION." Regional’ni aspekti rozvitku produktivnih sil Ukraїni, no. 25 (2020): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/rarrpsu2020.25.154.
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Introduction. Access to social capital allows older people to lead productive, independent and fulfilling lives. Thus, the study of the importance of social capital in an aging population acquires special significance. It identified tasks, among which one of the main is to develop tools and conduct a survey on the level of social capital among the elderly in Ukraine, including from the standpoint of quality of life. Goal. The aim of the article is to substantiate the theoretical and applied aspects of assessing the role of social capital in improving the quality of life of the elderly population. Social capital is one of the resources that can be used to improve the quality of life in old age. Research methods. To solve this scientific problem, structural methods, comparative analysis, empirical data, abstract-logical generalization, statistical and sociological methods were used. Results. The article analyzes current trends, changes in the gender and age structure of the population and assesses the level of population aging compared to other countries. Approaches to the essence of social capital, its components are generalized. A methodology was developed and a sociological survey of elderly people was conducted (250 respondents from Ternopil region were interviewed. The sample was random, stratified by gender and type of settlement). The survey found that older people with strong family, cultural and social ties value their quality of life higher and have better health than people who are socially isolated. It is also important to have access to communication channels, in particular the Internet, which remains insufficient in Ukraine. Conclusions. The consequences of aging are already significant for the Ukrainian economy, which is unable to meet the needs of an aging population. One of the priority areas that will improve the quality of life of older people is the development of social capital. The results of the author's sociological study confirmed that active social connections and social contacts are important for the psychological health of the elderly. However, many of them are single with low social involvement and need social assistance (material and moral).