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Mashabela, Raisibe Promise. "Newspaper representations of the psychological profile of domestic violence : an archival study." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1605.
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Thesis (M.A. (Psychology)) --University of Limpopo, 2015The aim of the study was to explore the psychological profiles of perpetrators of domestic violence as represented in newspaper articles. An archival research approach was chosen as the appropriate design for the present study. The researcher accessed and studied all newspaper articles from two daily newspapers reporting on domestic violence over a two-year period (that is, from January 2011 up to December 2012). A total of 98 newspaper articles (sixty from the Sowetan newspaper, and 38 thirty eight from the Daily Sun newspaper) covering the period under review were retrieved. The data was captured on a self-developed data record sheet. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyse the data. The results were analysed and presented using frequency tables, descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations. The results of the study showed that the majority of the victims of domestic violence were women with little education and skills. Assault, attempted murder and murder were found to be the forms of violence perpetrated against the victims. The majority of the perpetrators (70.4%) were males, with higher education and skills. Some of the perpetrators were represented in the newspaper articles as being emotionally troubled (69.4%), passively aggressive (11.2%), mentally disturbed (5.1%) and socially deviant (3.1%). The majority of the mental health problems that were associated with the perpetrators of domestic violence included depression, borderline personality and acute psychosis. A number of triggers were found to lead to domestic violence. These included family arguments, jealousy, substance abuse, and criminal behaviour. Based on the above results, the study is concluded by recommending anger and stress management as some of the programmes that the government could introduce to minimise domestic violence.
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Haq, Amrat. "News violence and desensitization of news viewers in Pakistan." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2017. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/397.
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Television has become the primary 'story teller' in our society today (Gerbner, et.al., 1986, 1994). It is an all pervasive technology that most of us aren't even aware of in our surroundings. From airports, bus terminals, restaurants, bars to our own lounges, television is constantly passing on its message to its audience. Its role might vary from just a background noise to active information source, its presence remains constant. However television itself is not static, it is a dynamic medium with a constantly growing presence in our lives. Therefore, there remains a constant need to understand the role television plays in shaping our 'stories' and the current study is a short step towards understanding the role and impact of news media on the emotional responses of news viewers in Pakistan. During the last decade there has been an exponential growth in Pakistan's private media industry. Over 80 channels have already started with a number in the pipeline. Of these channels the most prominent are the 16 24-hour news channels which, for the first time, provided the Pakistani public multiple options for seeking news and information (previously only Pakistan Television, a state owned channel was available) - the Pakistani public is now spoiled for choice. However this growth in the media industry also resulted in the over-exposure of issues as the channels vied for viewers. Consequently the audience is regularly exposed to sensational news and content - with coverage ranging from the graphic to the mundane - as networks compete for ratings. Observing the media's behavior and keeping media effects research on exposure to violence in mind, the researcher was interested in seeing whether regular exposure to violence news and violent acts leads to desensitization of the audience. The relationship between news and sensationalism is an old one, starting from the early tabloids in the early 1900s which focused on crime/violence to attract readers. The same trend can be seen in news channels in Pakistan and abroad. One main reason can be the low cost of covering and reporting a crime or act of violence. The event itself provides the reporter with images and information (no digging required!), the drama of the crisis, its aftermath and consequences provide news channels easy fodder for their news mill which needs to run 24-hours, 365 days of the year. Therefore the aim of the present research was twofold: one, to evaluate the amount of violence/violent content that is being shown on Pakistani news channels; and two, to try and assess the impact of this content on the emotional responses of news viewers. The study also aimed to extend the desensitization hypothesis by arguing that the continued presence of the stimulus responsible for desensitization will result in audiences' crossing the attention threshold; i.e. viewers will ignore the central issues on the media agenda and remove it from their socio-political discussions. The model further suggested that viewers will focus more on the peripheral issues rather than the primary issues in the media agenda. The results of the content analysis clearly show that in both public and private television news violent content is the 2nd highest type of news being reported (with domestic politics being the highest type of news content across both channels). Two types of news on violence were studied: violence resulting in fatalities and violence without fatalities; with the first one have almost twice the volume of the latter type of news content. The content analysis and the first part of the survey analysis provide the pre-requisite information for the attention threshold assumption. One, they confirm the continuous presence of a particular issue in news in large volume; and secondly, the survey analysis provides support for the presence of desensitization amongst the respondents. The tests run for the attention threshold assumption indicated that despite the presence of the issue of violence on the media agenda, it is no longer on the public agenda, and is not a part of the social discourse of the respondents with either their family or their friends. The current research shows that heavy consumers of violent news content tend to significantly have pro-violence attitudes. They also tend to have lower levels of emotional empathy for victims of violence and higher levels of compassion fatigue. While these results were not statistically significant for the sample tested, the results show a consistently low mean, indicating negative trend for both the variables. The respondents were generally in favor of harsher punishments and greater state/military control of the country. Results of the current study indicate that heavy viewers of news media tend to be more desensitized to the violence in society. Their emotional responses are numbed down. For a country like Pakistan, with a history of military intervention in domestic politics and governance, this is a matter of grave concern. Strong feelings of insecurity and mean world syndrome, fed on a steady diet of violent news programing, can further undermine faith in the political system - leading to greater acceptance (and at times active desire) of military sponsored or led control - a situation that is very troubling for Pakistan. While the current analysis is a starting place, news content in Pakistan needs to be studied in greater depth. Future research needs to also focus on the wider range of news channels in Pakistan. This would help identify the effects of different variables like ownership, political affiliations, language and location on the content of news channels. In terms of the survey itself, a broader, more inclusive research in the rural and semi-urban areas of the country would provide better evidence of the effects of news violence on Pakistanis. And finally, a lot more in-depth and extensive research is needed before on the "attention threshold" model for it to be verified and its results generalized. If verified, the model will help future researchers identify why issues of audience concern are no longer getting the requisite attention from viewers, despite having strong media presence.
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Cosand, Kalistah Quilla. "Black and Blue and Read All Over: News Framing and the Coverage of Crime." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1793.
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This study explores the representation of crime in the news in relation to expressed emotion and intention for future action. Episodic and thematic framing (Iyengar, 1991) and narrative processing (Singer & Bluck, 2001) served as the theoretical foundations of this study and helped examine how scripted news stories involving crime influence levels of fear, anger, and empathy in individuals, and how these emotions subsequently affect behaviors. To measure these framing effects, an experimental manipulation was employed using three conceptually different news stories all involving gun-related crimes. One news story utilized an episodic format, while the other two stories used a thematic format (one positive and one negative). Emotional responses, levels of narrative engagement, policy support, perceived risk of victimization, and pro-social behavioral intentions were measured, all based on exposure to the specific type of news frame. The results of this study indicated that while types of news frames did not have a direct effect on readers' emotions, there was a significant relationship between emotions and future actions. For example, fear, anger, and empathy were significant predictors of perceived risk of victimization, policy support, and pro-social behavioral intentions, respectively. These findings contribute to the understanding of the role emotions play in predicting behavior, both within and beyond the scope of message framing.
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Garvey, Adrienne S. "A case study of the response of newsroom managers to the psychological affects on newsroom employees of the coverage of a traumatic news story." Instructions for remote access, 2009. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 2009.Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 47-05, page: 2446. Advisers: David Kintsfather; Joseph Chuk. Includes bibliographical references (p. 58-60)
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Luo, Ying. "Motivation, emotion, attitude, & gratification in the use of online video media." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2015. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/260.
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Online video media share a great part of similar attributes with traditional mass media. They also bear some fresh features of Web 2.0, such as integration, interactivity, both synchrony and asynchrony, which break the traditional pattern of media viewing and using. They allow for new forms of user activities and offer the user a participatory experience/role so as to facilitate the evolution and dynamic reintegration of the networked society as well as the whole social environment. Online video media have therefore been drawing lots of attention from both the industry and academic field since the emergence. The aims of this research are to: 1) investigate uses and gratifications theorizations in the era of Web 2.0, with online video media the typical target, by finding out the wide and coherent spectrum of online video media usage motivations and gratifications; 2) construct a comprehensive framework of online video media uses and gratifications from integrated and interdisciplinary perspectives; 3) verify the interactive relationships between or among the variables presented in the framework. Survey is adopted for data collection in this study. Convenient sampling and snowball sampling are used. A total of 470 respondents in mainland China complete the questionnaire online, in which 462 are online video media users and the rest 8 are non-users. The online video media uses and gratifications items are then subject to principal components factoring with varimax rotation. Seven factors are identified to explain 67.31% of the variance. Results indicate that the nature of device is a potential source of resulting in unique media outcomes, and habitual behavior of mobile video use has become a part of netizens’ life. More importantly, significant differences in both motivation and gratification between the two user identities are found. Besides, different genres of media contents are related to different motivations and gratifications, and may predict different degrees of interactivity. Moreover, results show that, people in different types of emotions (positive and non-positive) tend to arouse different motivations and attempt to seek different gratifications. Investigation also detect the relationships among dependency, activities after use and attitudes during the motivation and gratification process. It is concluded that, online video media usage is a spiral feedback process of dependency, activities after use and attitudes. During the process of motivation and gratification, people gain experience and derived perceptions, and the beliefs/loyalty gradually forms. Online video media usage is an interactive and dynamic process. During the process, user interacts with the media as well as with other users in the networked society. Though media culture, media literacy and social participation are still weak and limited in the domestic networked society, online video media user exhibits more active, intentional and conscious actions, which is distinguished from traditional mass media audience. In general, this study contributes to the understanding of user’s behaviors, needs and the effects of the new media.
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Fu, King-wa, and 傅景華. "Do harm or do less harm: identifying and addressing research gaps in media influences on suicidality." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41634123.
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Kader, Kashiefa. "Children's perceptions of "screen" violence and the effects on their well-being." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9802_1189160105.
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Working from a child participatory perspective, the study aimed to explore children's perceptions and experiences of screen violence. Within this process there is an attempt to understand how children assign meaning to these violent screen images at an interpersonal and broader social level.
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Swain, Michael Q. "Effects of rehearsal and cuing when testing for recall of printed news." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1014797.
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This thesis examined if a combination of variables would yield a higher recall for printed news than previously recorded. Some subjects, after reading a printed news story were exposed to rehearsal (a discussion), a cue (aided recall), a combination of both, and neither variable. It was hypothesized that subjects exposed to a combination of rehearsal an a cue would record the highest net recall, or hypermnesia effect, over subsequent testing and that subjects exposed to either one would record higher net recall than those exposed to neither variable.Subjects exposed to rehearsal and/or a cue did not record a higher net recall, gross recall, or correctly recalled details for the printed news story than those who were not exposed. However, rehearsal and a cue were found to have a significant effect on the amount of errors made by subjects: those exposed to a cue made significantly less errors on the recall test. Suggestions for future research include increasing rehearsal time and using a stronger episodic cue than employed in this study.Department of Journalism
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Zhou, Yining. "Disappointment as an effect of curiosity and political apathy: modernation of self-efficacy and mediation of media selection." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2015. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/172.
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The study adopts Uses and Gratifications (U&G) theory as the framework to test antecedents and consequences in using fanqiang (bypassing Internet censorship) as an alternative medium along with accessible Internet, TV, newspaper and radio as mainstream media in a Chinese context. By online between-group experimentation (N = 132 in the experimental group, N = 127 in the control group), the study shows that curiosity about forbidden political content and political apathy predict fanqiang and most accessible media use tendencies. Moderation effects exist between curiosity and self-efficacy in predicting fanqiang tendencies. Disappointment as an emotional effect is directly related to curiosity and political apathy, where the mediation effects of media use tendencies are not salient. Explicit Internet censorship increases curiosity about forbidden political content and decreases the dimension of lack of interest in political apathy. However, it does not change accessible media use tendencies and disappointment levels. Still, participants show fewer of fanqiang tendencies than with accessible media, except radio. The results highlight the cognitive roots of motivations and emotional constructs as a part of gratification in U&G research, that self-efficacy as a necessary requirement for curiosity to drive media use, and that information attributes can change motivations. We urge future scholars to build broader explications of political apathy when applied to different societies, to try diverse methods like experimentation in U&G research, and to adopt a sociopsychological approach when studying the influences and effectiveness of Internet censorship.
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Nagley, Andrew Guy. "Changing People's Reaction to Terrorism." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501129/.
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Two hundred and fifty-three subjects were used in an experiment to try to determine how differences in news media presentations affect the reader's view of terrorism. Two stories about a terrorist attack were used, one describing a bombing, the other a hijacking. Both stories had two versions using no one injured or eight innocent people injured. One group of subjects was given no additional information about terrorism. The second group was given information after the description that emphasized the salience of terrorism. The third group received information that de-emphasized the seriousness of terrorism. Subjects were also given a questionnaire designed to measure authoritarianism and one to measure conservatism. It was found that subjects scoring high on authoritarianism or conservativism favored more severe punishment for terrorists than did those scoring lower on the two scales. Findings did not support the hypothesis that providing people with information about terrorism could lessen the impact of terrorist events.
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Zhang, Ke. "Linking consumer: endorser relationship with source credibility and consumer brand-related responses: a para-social interaction perspective." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2018. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/511.
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Previous studies on celebrity endorsement have focused on merits of the celebrity endorser as the key factors for predicting endorsement effectiveness. This research extends previous research by exploring the effects of the consumer's para-social interaction (PSI) with the celebrity. Based on the Source Credibility Model, the proposed model takes PSI as the core variable and examines its relationship with self-brand connection and ideal congruency. Two studies were conducted using online questionnaires to collect consumers' self-reported data. Study 1 tested a partial model using sports celebrities. Study 2 tested the full model using entertainment celebrities. Study 1 had 605 respondents and study 2 had 387 respondents. The respondents were young, well-educated and included both fans and no-fans of the selected celebrities. The results showed that consumer-celebrity PSI was an essential factor in the endorsement process. The perceived attractiveness of a celebrity was an antecedent to PSI, which in turn allowed the consumer to establish a personal connection with the endorsed brand and resulted in positive brand attitude. Furthermore, the results showed that consumers tend to have stronger PSI with a celebrity when they hold a higher degree of ideal congruity with the celebrity. Finally, results indicated that the context in which the celebrity was shown with the brand had significant effects, with a real-life context yielding stronger effects than an ad endorsement context or a product placement context. In sum, this research extended the source attractiveness model by clarifying the endorsement process to include consumer-celebrity PSI and brand-related responses. It also contributed to the audience-celebrity PSI theory. In addition, this research revealed the potential impact of celebrity-brand associations in real-life contexts on endorsement effectiveness, thus providing new insights for research related to the various forms of celebrity endorsement.
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Mannor, Susan. "The effect of media and the fashion industry on body image." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2003. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/326.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Arts and Sciences
Psychology
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Powell, Cecil Lamonte. "College men's psychological and physiological responses associated with violent video game play." unrestricted, 2008. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04212008-155443/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2008.Title from file title page. Dominic Parrott, committee chair; Tracie Stewart, Cynthia Hoffner, Heather Kleider, Eric Vanman, committee members. Electronic text (94 p. : ill.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed July 2, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-88).
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Aderaldo, Guilhermo Andre. "Das ruas a tela : a representação da violencia na midia eletronica." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/278989.
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Orientador: Maria Filomena GregoriDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T16:08:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aderaldo_GuilhermoAndre_M.pdf: 2580976 bytes, checksum: fc7526e53cdad1580843574296e2e345 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008
Resumo: De que maneira as lutas internas ligadas ao campo da televisão sustentam os modos através dos quais o tema da violência é representado em seu interior? Partindo do princípio de que, enxergar a televisão como uma simples transmissora dos "fatos" encontrados no mundo social, ou ainda, como um meio de "manipulação" desses fatos, significa ignorar a luta por uma melhor condição nos processos de distribuição das chances de poder por parte dos agentes no interior do veículo, esta pesquisa visa a um esforço de compreensão das ligações estabelecidas entre o modo através do qual a violência é representada na televisão e as trajetórias individuais dos agentes, cuja notoriedade foi ganha a partir da exploração do tema, no interior dos processos de mudança aos quais se encontram inscritos, de acordo com suas respectivas posições. Proponho que a análise das diferenças nos modos de representar a violência ao longo do tempo por parte dos agentes ligados ao campo da televisão pode nos indicar caminhos mais complexos para pensarmos uma questão consensual em relação aos estudos sobre a representação da violência ne~se veículo, bem como em outros meios de comunicação: a distorção entre os dados comumente aceitos pelas ciências sociais para a retratação "objetiva" do problema da criminalidade no país e a maneira como a violência acaba sendo apresentada na mídia, que costuma privilegiar os traços mais dramáticos de casos isolados ligados às ocorrências policiais
Abstract: In what way the internal struggleslinked to the television field sustain the forms which through the television theme is represented in its interior? From de principIe that seeing TV as a simple transmitter of "facts" found in the social world, ar still, as a way of "manipulation" of this facts, means to ignore the fight for a better condition in the processes of distribution of the chances of power by part of the agents in the vehicle interior, this research aims a comprehension effort on the bounds established between the way trough which violence is represented on television and the agents individual paths, of whom notoriety was conquered from the exploration of the theme, in the interior of the processes of changing that are enrolled, according with their respective positions. I propose that the analysis of this differences in the forms of representing violence throughout time by this agents linked to the television field can point out more complex routs in arder for us to think a consensual issue related to the studies on the representation of violence in this vehicle, as well as in other media: the distortion between data generally accepted by the social sciences for the "objective" . painting of the criminality problem in the country and the way violence ends being represented in the media, that usually privileges the more dramatic traits of isolated cases linked to. Police occurrences
Mestrado
Antropologia Social
Mestre em Antropologia Social
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Santos, Phillip. "Representing conflict: an analysis of The Chronicle's coverage of the Gukurahundi conflict in Zimbabwe between 1983 and 1986." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002936.
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This research is premised on the understanding that media texts are discourses and that all discourses are functional, that is, they refer to things, issues and events, in meaningful and goal oriented ways. Nine articles are analysed to explicate the sorts of discourses that were promoted by The Chronicle during the Gukurahundi conflict in Zimbabwe between 1982 and 1986. It is argued that discourses in the news media are shaped by the role(s), the type(s) of journalism assumed by such media, and by the political environment in which the news media operate. The interplay between the roles, types of journalism practised, and the effect the political environment has on news discourses is assessed within the context of conflictual situations. This is done using insights from the theoretical position of peace journalism and its critique of professional or mainstream journalism as promoting war/violence journalism. Using the case of The Chronicle's reportage of the Gukurahundi conflict in Zimbabwe, it is concluded that, in performing the collaborative role, state owned/controlled media assume characteristics of war/violence journalism. On the other hand, it is concluded that The Chronicle developed practices consistent with peace journalism when it both espoused the facilitative role and journalistic objectivity. These findings undermine the conventional view among proponents of peace journalism that in times of conflict, the news media should be interventionist in favour of peace and that they should abandon the journalistic norm of objectivity which they argue, promotes war/violence journalism.
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Barta, Jonna Lee. "Media Effects on the Body Shape Ideal and Bulimic Symptomatology in Males." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2261/.
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This study investigates the impact of sociocultural mediators in relation to eating disorders among male undergraduates. Literature on eating disorders has demonstrated that a thin body shape ideal depicted in the media directly contributes to eating pathology among females, but little research has investigated the direct effects of ideal body shape images among men. The focus of the present investigation was to assess the direct effects of exposure to the ideal male body shape on mens affect, self esteem, body satisfaction, and endorsement of U. S. societal ideals of attractiveness. In addition, the relation of these variables to bulimic symptomatology was examined. Modeling a study conducted on women (Stice & Shaw, 1994), male undergraduates between the ages of 18 to 25 participated in premeasure (N = 169) and post measure (N = 95) conditions. Participants in the post measure were randomly exposed to pictures from magazines containing either male models depicting the ideal body shape, an average body or pictures of clothing without models. Results from repeated mulitvariate analysis indicated that exposure to the ideal body shape condition did not demonstrate significant negative changes in mens affect, self esteem, body satisfaction or endorsement of U. S. societal ideals of attractiveness. Indirect support for the sociocultural theory of eating disorders was provided by multiple regression analyses which demonstrated that increased body mass, self esteem, stress and anxiety predicted bulimic symptomatology in men. Future research should direct itself toward investigating possible sociocultural influences of eating disorders on certain male subenvironments, such as athletes or homosexual males that place a greater emphasis on maintaining lower body mass and an ideal body shape.
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Lowdermilk, John Lloyd. "A Deconstruction and Qualitative Analysis of the Consumption of Traditional Entertainment Media by Elementary-Aged Children Diagnosed with Emotional Disorders." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4594/.
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This qualitative study examined whether a connection exists between children with emotional disorders consumption of traditional entertainment media and their subsequent vegative/anti-social classroom behavior. Research participants included six first-grade children diagnosed with an emotional disorder and their teacher. They were interviewed using a semi-structured approach. The students were observed in the natural setting of their classroom for a total of twenty-four hours, over a four-day period. Transcripts and classroom observations were analyzed, looking for connections between behavior and consumption of traditional entertainment media. Findings from this study concluded that these students used traditional entertainment media as a method of temporally escaping from the environment of their respective households.
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Lee, Alvin Yiam Chuah. "Re-testing the link between youth receptivity to tobacco promotion and their susceptibility to smoke." UWA Business School, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0233.
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The Index of Receptivity to Tobacco Industry Promotion (IRTIP) is a model that is used by hundreds of articles. The causal claim based on findings from this model is even more pervasive, and has resulted in much of the modern post 1998 tobacco legislation that is still enforced. This thesis tested the link between adolescent receptivity to tobacco industry promotion and susceptibility to smoking. Pierce et al. (1998) reported that they had found a positive and causal association between receptivity and susceptibility by using IRTIP. They claimed that receptivity to tobacco industry promotion was the only significant causal factor affecting adolescent susceptibility to smoking. Exposure to peer and parental smoking was not found to be a significant effect. A review of the literature found that many sections of IRTIP differ from accepted marketing theory on how cigarette advertising and promotions affect adolescent adoption of cigarette smoking. The proxy measures used in IRTIP were shown to diverge from those previously used for measuring the constructs of Attention, Intention, Desire and Action (AIDA) in marketing communications. IRTIP also differs from previous theory by including measures that attempt to quantify the effect of tobacco premiums into a model that was designed to measure the effects of advertising.
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McLean, Nicolene Cindy. ""Rape and cable theft on the increase": interrogating Grocott's Mail coverage of rape through participatory action research." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002921.
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This study investigates Grocott’s Mail’s rape reporting through a participatory action research process. It draws on feminist cultural studies, sociology of news, and normative theories of the media to inform the research project. The participatory action research process explored three areas with the journalists at Grocott’s Mail: their understanding of the community they serve and their own professional identity as a community of practice, roles of the media in society which inform reporting, and rape as a social issue and problem. Through this process the study found that the pervasiveness of rape in the Grahamstown community, the complexities around rape reporting which include the significant legal challenges, the personal impact rape cases have on journalists, and the journalistic roles and approaches employed in rape reporting all influence how the paper covers rape. In analysing these matters the study found that the primary factor inhibiting a successful strategy for managing rape reporting was that Grocott’s Mail does not place gender-based violence on their news agenda as an issue requiring attention in order to develop the community they serve.
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Thurwanger, Michael L. "Comparative research into credibility attributed to uniformed versus non-uniformed defense sources." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1033638.
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The U.S. Department of Defense employs both uniformed military personnel and non-uniformed civilian employees as information sources. The objectives of this study was to determine whether students, acting in the role of journalists, attributed greater credibility to uniformed or non-uniformed spokespersons and whether a difference in attribution could be measured when the topic being briefed was more specifically related to the military mission.Seventy undergraduate journalism students were randomly assigned to four groups and exposed to one of four videotaped press briefings. Two briefings announced the outbreak of hostilities involving U.S. forces or award of a major construction contract. Each of the announcements was delivered by a uniformed military public affairs officer or by a spokesperson in civilian business suit.Following the briefings, students evaluated the source using semantic differentials first developed by Berlo, Lemert and Mertz (1969) and prepared questions exactly as they would ask them following the spokesperson's prepared statement. The semantic differentials were analyzed using ANOVA. The follow-on questions were coded using methodology similar to that used by Einsiedel (1974) and evaluated using the "Coefficient of Imbalance" proposed by Janis and Fadner (1949). This second method was employed to determine whether data obtained and analyzed using the Coefficient of Imbalance would validate results obtained through the use of more traditional semantic differentials.Neither method resulted in findings which would suggest a statistically significant difference in the credibility attributed to the defense source by the student-journalists in any of the four treatments.Department of Journalism
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Grindle, Mark. "The power of digital storytelling to influence human behaviour." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21800.
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The aim of this multi-disciplinary research was to explore the power of digital, interactive or participatory storytelling to influence human behaviour in the context of public health. It addressed three related questions: RQ1: Does digital storytelling have the power to influence human behaviour? RQ2: If digital storytelling can influence human behaviour then how might it do so? RQ3: Is a ‘digital storytelling framework’ feasible as an approach to behaviour change? Four linked qualitative studies were conducted: a scoping review, in-depth interviews with 11 international ‘digital storytellers’, two case studies of ‘digital storytelling designed to influence human behaviour’ and six focus groups with 35 adolescent ‘digital story participants’. The research found that: RA1: Digital storytelling appears to influence human behaviour. RA2: Digital storytelling appears to influence by engaging at ever deepening emotional and non-conscious levels. Commerce appears to understand and embrace this power: But public health appears to rely on traditional uni-directional, non-participatory message led approaches and appeals to cognition. This presents threats and opportunities to public health. RA3: The proposed ‘digital storytelling framework’ is feasible and desirable as a behaviour change paradigm. The thesis concludes that Digital Storytelling appears to influence human behaviour. It appears to derive its power to influence by facilitating unprecedented depths of emotional engagement potentially en route to behaviour change. The current imbalance in how commerce and public health corral the power of digital storytelling suggests that the latter might embrace its potential; and tougher regulation might constrain how the former uses it to market harmful products. The proposed digital storytelling framework makes a valuable creative, analytical and critical contribution to both of these ends. Its core principles have informed the design of numerous story-led digital health interventions; and they now sit at the core of a counter-marketing campaign to reduce harmful effects of marketing on children’s health.
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Silva, Daniele Renata da. "Eu sou princesa, fora cachorrada: uma análise do discurso da pastora Sarah Sheeva nos Aconselhamentos Sentimentais." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2014. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4894.
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The intention of this paper was to analyze how the ethos, pathos and logos were used in the religious discourse of Minister Sarah Sheeva, whose intention was to seek new members to her community and to keep those who are already part of it. With this objective in mind, our corpus is composed by 6 Sentimental Counseling published by the Minister on Youtube. After the corpus transcription this paper describes the discursive organization and interprets the data based on the theoretical framework related to the study of argumentation based on the tripod logos, ethos and pathos, and in studies of genres. In this analysis, Amossy (2011), Charaudeau (2007, 2010, 2011), Perelman (1996), Maingueneau (2011) were used, among other authors. Through logos analysis we noticed that Sarah Sheeva uses many logical arguments in her discourse construction. Regarding the dimension of ethos in Counseling, it was found that the main ethos related to the image of Sarah Sheeva were of virtue, solidarity and credibility and that ethos related to the image of the Minister are built not only on her speech , but also on her way of dressing and behaving. Concerning the analysis of pathos, Sarah Sheeva‟s argumentation is built not only from logic, but also on the emotional, as she tries to articulate emotion and reason with the primary purpose of counseling, which would be maintaining people that already follow her and capture the faithful ones who have not yet shared her precepts. Finally, by analyzing the imaginary socio-discursive on women, we find that in Sarah Sheeva‟s speech there is a traditional point of view that condemns female liberty, which women have conquered over the years.
Pretendeu-se, através deste trabalho, analisar como o ethos, o pathos e o logos foram utilizados no discurso religioso da pastora Sarah Sheeva, tendo em vista sua intenção de buscar a adesão de novos fiéis e de manter os que já fazem parte da comunidade religiosa. Com esse objetivo, nosso corpus se constitui de 6 Aconselhamentos Sentimentais publicados pela pastora no Youtube. Na sequência, optamos por, após a transcrição, descrever a organização discursiva e interpretar os dados com base no arcabouço teórico referente aos estudos da argumentação, baseados no tripé logos, ethos e pathos; e também nos estudos sobre gêneros. Utilizamos, na análise, Amossy (2011), Charaudeau (2007, 2010, 2011), Perelman (1996), Maingueneau (2011), entre outros autores. Através da análise do logos, percebemos que Sarah Sheeva utiliza diversos argumentos lógicos na construção do seu discurso. No que se refere à dimensão do ethos nos Aconselhamentos, constatamos que os principais ethos relacionados à imagem de Sarah Sheeva foram o de virtude, solidariedade e credibilidade e que os ethos relacionados à imagem da pastora são construídos não só pelo seu discurso, mas também pela sua forma de se vestir e de se comportar. Concernente à análise do pathos, temos que a argumentação de Sarah Sheeva é construída não só a partir de uma lógica, mas também pautada no emocional, e que ela intenta articular a razão e a emoção com a principal finalidade dos aconselhamentos, que seria manter os sujeitos que já a seguem e captar os fiéis que ainda não compartilham dos seus preceitos. Por fim, através da análise dos imaginários sociodiscursivos sobre a mulher, constatamos que há no discurso de Sarah Sheeva a reprodução de um ponto de vista tradicional que condena a liberdade feminina, duramente conquistada ao longo dos anos.
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Yang, Yi-Chen. "A comparison of women's roles as portrayed in Taiwanese and Chinese magazine print advertising." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2630.
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The purpose of this project was to examine the similarities and differences in magazine advertisements directed to women in China and Taiwan. Through content analysis of advertisments in these two countries, the researcher identified how women were portrayed and the social values or lifestyle attributed to them of each society.
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"Media priming: the influence of affect and cognition on subsequent evaluation of political leaders." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5888943.
Full textAbstract:
by Siu Luen-wun, Wanda.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-100).
Chapter I --- Introduction --- p.1-3
Chapter II --- Literature Review --- p.4-43
Chapter 2.1 --- Cognitive Priming theory --- p.4-10
Chapter 2.2 --- The Spreading-Activation Network model --- p.11-12
Chapter 2.3. --- The Semantic Network Theory --- p.13-16
Chapter 2.4 --- Cognitive Priming and the mass media --- p.16-20
Chapter 2.5 --- Links with Emotion --- p.21-34
Affect and mental Network theory --- p.24
Positive and Negative Asymmetry --- p.24-25
Affect and Memory --- p.25-27
Affect and Learning --- p.27-29
Affect and Information Processing --- p.30-34
Chapter 2.6 --- Theoretical model proposed --- p.35-38
Application of the model to the study --- p.39-43
Chapter III --- Methods --- p.44-55
Chapter 3.1 --- Research Question --- p.44-46
Chapter 3.2 --- Hypotheses --- p.47-50
Affect and feelings towards Clinton --- p.47
Agenda setting and priming --- p.48
Approval of Clinton and evaluation of Clinton --- p.49-50
Competence and Integrity perception --- p.50
Chapter 3.3 --- Dependent and Independent measures --- p.51-59
Affect manipulation check --- p.51-52
Positive and negative feelings --- p.52-54
Issue Salience --- p.55
Perception of Clinton's overall performance --- p.55-56
Competence and integrity perception --- p.57-59
Chapter 3.4 --- Experimental materials --- p.60-62
Chapter 3.5 --- Pilot Test --- p.63-65
Chapter 3.6 --- Procedure --- p.66-67
Chapter IV --- Principle Analysis --- p.68-85
Chapter 4.1 --- Affect and feelings towards Clinton --- p.69-72
Chapter 4.2 --- Agenda setting and priming --- p.73-79
Chapter 4.3 --- Approval of Clinton and evaluation of Clinton --- p.80-84
Chapter 4.4 --- Competence and Integrity perception of Clinton --- p.85
Chapter V --- Conclusion --- p.86-90
References --- p.91-100
Appendix --- p.101-107
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Fernandes, Carla Maria da Silva. "The role of mass media socialisation in juvenile delinquency." Diss., 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2465.
Full textAbstract:
When It comes to the basic perspectives on personal and social reality, it is
commonly assumed that these perspectives are learned within the parent-child
relafionship. As a result, the family has been typically accorded a place of primary
importance the explanation of socialisation. But another influence has been lurking
in the background- the mass media .
Media influence upon ~hildren has generally been assumed to be significant, with
powerful, long lasting consequences. However, traditional explanatory attempts
have predominantly dealt with the effects of media violence on juvenile
behaviour. The result has been a relative neglect of empirical analysis of media
socialisation as it relates to detinquent behaviour. a matter that the present study
attempted to rectify. The present study proposes that the media's commitment to
conformity varies in degree of congruence with societal expectations and this
variation is directly "transmitted to the child influencing the child's behaviour.Criminology
M.A.
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Strong, Scott Martin. "The role of exposure to media-idealized male physiques on men's body image." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/2214.
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Barker, Ruchelle. "Discursive representations of femininity in a contemporary South African women's magazine : a social constructionist approach." Diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/6030.
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In this dissertation, the researcher presents the findings of a discourse analytic enquiry on the construction of femininity within a contemporary South African magazine. It is argued that gender is a social construction and that women’s magazines provide a channel through which discourse of femininity reaches women. These discourses in women’s magazines are often narrow and stereotypical in nature which may limit the development of women’s feminine gender identities.
A discourse analytic approach was utilised to reveal the different discourses of femininity within a contemporary women’s magazines, Cosmopolitan, as well as to indicate how they may contribute to the construction of femininity. From the magazine, relationship-focused articles were selected, from which three predominant discourses of femininity were identified which includes femininity as heterosexual, nurturing, and managerial.
An important finding is that competing discourses of empowerment and traditional femininity were evident. This points to the highly complex ways in which gender, specifically femininity, is constructed in the magazine under study.Psychology
M.A. (Psychology)
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Jerney-Davis, Michelle. "Parental mediation and voting behavior : the effects of parental mediation on political socialization." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11966.
Full text
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Smith, Celéste M. Diac. "The impact of obesity on the psychological well being of the adolescent learner." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1302.
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This research study investigates the impact of being obese on all the facets of psychological well-being of the adolescent learner. Definitions for adolescence, obesity and psychological well-being are provided. For the purpose of this study an adolescent is considered to be a scholar between 12 and 18 years. The various methods of measuring obesity are presented and briefly discussed. Body Mass Index is internationally the most commonly used indicator of obesity and was therefore applied by the researcher. The possible causes of obesity are also discussed in this study. Presently there is no accepted standardised definition of psychological well-being, which it was found involves different aspects for different people. This phenomenon varies within various circumstances, is multifaceted in character and is not static. The researcher made use of projection media, expression media, interviews and standardised media to obtain relevant information. The main conclusion is that body image and physical appearance as experienced by an obese adolescent do have a negative impact on the individual's psychological well-being.Educational Studies
M.Ed.(Specialisation in Guidance and Counselling)
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"女性幻想男男之爱: 中国网络耽美与酷儿性研究 = Female fantasy of male homosexuality : queering boy's love fandom on the Chinese internet." 2014. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6115388.
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"耽美"来源于日本，是以女性读者群为主要受众、描写男性与男性之间浪漫关系或性关系的文学或艺术作品，也被称为BL（Boy’s Love）。喜爱耽美的女性爱好者被称为"腐女"。耽美文化自1990 年代后期随着日本流行文化进入中国，至今已在中国网络空间中逐渐发展成为一个主要由女性网民所组成的，包含文本创作、阅读与交流的文化圈。与此同时，耽美文化的流行亦引发了中国当下种种对性与性别问题的思考。本研究将耽美文化解译为"女性幻想男男之爱"的欲望结构，从精神分析幻想理论与酷儿理论的视角来考察中国网络中的耽美文化现象。论文所围绕的一个问题是，耽美文化与中国社会文化中的性/别话语产生了怎样的关系，以及如何从腐女的耽美幻想中搭建起与现实性/别政治的联系。研究首先分析了两类网络耽美小说文本，分别来看它们与1990年代以后的"男同性恋"身份话语，和2000年代以后对"中国古典文化"想象之间的吸收、挪用与再创造；其次以网络腐女圈的论坛讨论与配对狂欢为对象，研究网络耽美式恶搞对官方媒体、主流男性形象和异性恋规范的权威所潜在的颠覆性；最后以2011年一桩"腐女被抓案"新闻报道为契机，来观察耽美文化与网络淫秽色情审查的纠葛、冲突与可能的出路。
欲望幻想的流动性决定着它边界的模糊与开放，以及它承载、影响乃至侵扰"现实"秩序的功能。因此，作为一种女性的男性同性情欲幻想，本研究视耽美文化最引人注目的地方不在于其本身的出现与流行程度，而在于它与各种性/别话语的相互建构与矛盾冲突。此外，在对幻想文本、网络话语以及腐女群体的调查中，本研究也期待探索某种"酷儿"政治在中国网络文化中生产的可能性。
Boy’s love (BL in short; danmei in Chinese) is a Japanese term for female-oriented fictional media, which focuses on love, sex and romance between beautiful androgynous boys or young men. Apart from the gay self-representations, BL is a genre of male homoeroticism by and for mostly heterosexual women. In China, the BL fans call themselves "Fu Nu", which means "rotten girl", to describe their enthusiasm for fantasizing male homosexuality. BL originated from Japanese amine, comic and game youth culture, and has since become a transnational phenomenon all over the world with a global fan base. As such, the phenomenon of boy’s love had already aroused a lot of discussions in relation to ideologies of gender and sexuality from different cultural and social perspectives. BL fandom in China’s culture context with its "Chinese characteristics" also deserves particular attention, when it opens up a fantastic space for Chinese woman to practice their sexuality beyond non-heterosexual norms.
However there is limited work that considers the queer sexuality of female BL fans in China, in relation to the queer texts and queer discourses they create. There is also little research that explores the capacity of boy’s love netizens to resist the on-going internet surveillance by the Chinese government of information deemed ‘sexually inappropriate’ and outside the heterosexual norm. Therefore there remains a paucity of studies that examine the political potentialities of anti-homophobic and queer discourses of sexuality as manoeuvred by the Chinese BL fan base that continue to populate online communities. Based on previous studies about the phenomenon of boy’s Love in China, this paper analyses the queer politics of the online BL fandom in terms of the interactions between BL and the other gender and sexuality discourses on the Chinese Internet. It will be argued that the online BL fandom opens up a virtual space for girls and young women to author practice their male homosexual fantasies. Moreover, it will be maintained that boy’s love appropriates the queerness from the different sides of cyber culture into its narrative fantasies, thus forming a queer continuum made up with the conflicts, complicities and political potentialities of the gender and sexuality on the Chinese internet. This paper concludes with an analysis of the ambiguous relation of BL with Chinese Internet censorship, and traces the capacities of boy’s love netizens in subverting and resisting government surveillance of what it terms ‘obscene’ information.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
周舒燕.
Thesis (Ph.D.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2014.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 151-162).
Abstracts also in English.
Zhou Shuyan.
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Malherbe, Nick. "Experiences of the resistances to violence using participatory documentary film making." Diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27489.
Full textAbstract:
Over the last four centuries, South Africa has been shaped by the twinned, dialectical
histories of violence and resistance to violence. However, because both violence and
resistance encompass myriad formations and are underlain with a plethora of ideologies and
hermeneutics, studying each - particularly from within critical community psychology - is
oftentimes necessarily didactic and reductive. Yet, if this kind of research is to retain
emancipatory potential, I contend, it should be both community-oriented and politically
committed. In an attempt to understand how violence moves through Thembelihle, a low income community in South Africa, an expansive lens for conceptualising violence and
resistance is advanced across this research’s four studies. In Study I, I use discursive
psychology to examine how Thembelihle has been constructed in dominant discourse by
analysing newspaper reporting on the community. Following this, in Study II and Study III, I
draw on multimodal discourse analysis to study representations of quotidian life and political
resistance in a participatory documentary film entitled Thembelihle: Place of Hope, which
was collaboratively produced by residents of Thembelihle, professional filmmakers and
myself. Lastly, in Study IV, I harness the narrative-discursive approach to explore how
residents of Thembelihle build community in response to Thembelihle: Place of Hope. It was
found that within dominant constructions, Thembelihle was personified as a monolithic and
an essentially Other geo-cultural space, made newsworthy principally through its engagement
with a broad, often vaguely-conceived, notion of violence. In response to dominant discursive
constructions of this kind, community members who featured in and produced the
documentary advanced a humanistic conception of Thembelihle which did not accept the
different violences to which the community is subject. Following this, audiences of the
documentary engaged the affective and political dimensions of community-building in order to advance a democratically conceived notion of collective will. These findings present
critical community psychologists and violence scholars with a number of considerations
around representation; the multitudinous nature of violence and resistance; psycho-politics; and radical hope. Ultimately, I argue, if such research is to be meaningful, it must be guided
by and subordinated to the emancipatory requirements articulated by community members.Psychology
D. Litt et Phil (Psychology)
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Chapeyama, Mutsa Belinda. "A comparative study of the South African Sunday Times and Zimbabwean Sunday Mail newspapers' reportage of the xenophobic attacks in South Africa (March and April 2015)." Thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/25707.
Full textAbstract:
A Master’s Thesis submitted to the School of Journalism Media Studies, Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of a Master’s Degree by Coursework and Research Report in Journalism and Media Studies, 2016This study explores the way in which xenophobic violence was framed during March and April 2015. This is undertaken through qualitative content analysis of the editorial, news, opinion and feature articles in order to identify themes and news values selected for the coverage of the violence. The study draws on some of the news values enshrined two newspapers, Sunday Times (South African newspaper) and Sunday Mail (Zimbabwean newspaper), coverage of the xenophobic violence and framing of the violence that occurred during 2015. News values are used to determine how much prominence an event or issue is. Hence, this insight is used to analyse the news articles to determine what the newspapers considered newsworthy during the xenophobic violence. In addition, framing theory asserts that the media put more focus on certain events than others and place them within a field of meaning. As such, overall, the findings of the study show that both newspapers framed xenophobic violence in a manner that was not derogatory to the foreigners i.e. the use of words such as makwerekwere or aliens but however different considering the different contexts from which the newspapers reported from. The Sunday Mail had little coverage on the violence and mostly reported on the violence if there was a Zimbabwean national involved. On the contrary, Sunday Times, reported on all the events that took place during the spate of the violence.
XL2018
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Van, der Hoven Donna May. "The prevalence of aggression in primary school children in unstructured environments." Diss., 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16255.
Full textAbstract:
The phenomenon of aggression has been of interest to
psychologists for many years, and has resulted in a variety of
theories which-attempt to explain its existence in man.
Aggression is prevalent in our primary schools today and it was
this observation which initiated the research project. The
Relationship Theory was applied in order to gain insight into the
life-world of the aggressive child and to explore possible causes
which may originate from changes in our society.Psychology of Education
M. Ed. with specialisation in Guidance and Counselling (Psychology of Education)
34
Drew, Ryan M. "The Impact of Pretrial Publicity on Perceptions of Guilt." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/8345.
Full textAbstract:
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Ninety-eight empirical effects examining the impact of pretrial publicity (PTP) on perceptions of guilt were meta-analytically analyzed. As hypothesized, results suggested that anti-defendant PTP was associated with increased perceptions of defendant guilt, whereas pro-defendant PTP was associated with decreased perceptions of defendant guilt. Additionally, several moderator variables were examined. The results suggested that the size of the effect of PTP is dependent upon several variables, including the level of the analysis (jury-level vs. juror level), the type of crime involved in the case, the nature of the information provided to the participants in the control condition, the reality of the case used in the study, the delay between PTP exposure and the collection of the verdict preference, the medium of the PTP presentation, the publication status of the data source, and the outcome measure utilized.
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Bakare, Sunday Adegboyega. "Rethinking notion of journalism ethics in the reportage of 2008 xenophobic attacks: the case of Sowetan and Daily Sun newspapers." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13473.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to draw on some of the ethical guidelines enshrined in the South African Press Code (SAPC 2007:10). This SAPC states that “the press shall be obliged to report news truthfully, accurately, fairly and in a balanced manner, without any intentional or negligent departure from the facts”. This insight is used in order to analyse the way in which the 2008 xenophobic attacks were reported in South Africa by the Sowetan and Daily Sun newspapers. Overall, the findings show that the two newspapers adhered to the South African Press Code (2007), and were ethical in their 2008 news reports. This specifically contradicts the dominant perception of most mainstream newspaper readers, who thought that, the Daily Sun is just a tabloid newspaper which “represents the lowest standard of journalism” (Wasserman 2012:1), because of its sensational crime and sex stories.Communication Science
M.A. (Communication)
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Giles, Clark Andrew. "Regime fatigue : a cognitive-psychological model for identifying a socialized negativity effect in U.S. Senatorial and Gubernatorial elections from 1960-2008." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/4649.
Full textAbstract:
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)This research project proposes to try to isolate and measure the influence of “regime fatigue” on gubernatorial elections and senatorial elections in the United States where there is no incumbent running. The research begins with a review of the negativity effect and its potential influence on schema-based impression forming by voters. Applicable literature on the topics of social clustering and homophily is then highlighted as it provides the vehicle through which the negativity effect disseminates across collections of socially-clustered individuals and ultimately contributes to changing tides of public opinion despite the fact that the political party identification can remain relatively fixed in the aggregate.