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Journal articles on the topic 'Psychological aspects of Violence in mass media'
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O'Neill, Kathleen M., Blake N. Shultz, Carolyn T. Lye, Megan L. Ranney, Gail D'Onofrio, and Edouard Coupet. "Physicians on the Frontlines: Understanding the Lived Experience of Physicians Working in Communities That Experienced a Mass Casualty Shooting." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 48, S4 (2020): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073110520979402.
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This qualitative study describes the lived experience of physicians who work in communities that have experienced a public mass shooting. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seventeen physicians involved in eight separate mass casualty shooting incidents in the United States. Four major themes emerged from constant comparative analysis: (1) The psychological toll on physicians: “I wonder if I'm broken”; (2) the importance of and need for mass casualty shooting preparedness: “[We need to] recognize this as a public health concern and train physicians to manage it”; (3) massive media attention: “The media onslaught was unbelievable”; and (4) commitment to advocacy for a public health approach to firearm violence: “I want to do whatever I can to prevent some of these terrible events.”
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McGarty, Craig. "Twenty Years After Genocide: The Role of Psychology in the Reconciliation and Reconstruction Process in Rwanda." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 2, no. 1 (December 19, 2014): 377–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v2i1.449.
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This Special Thematic Section brings together eight papers that showcase different aspects of the contribution of psychology to the processes of recovery in Rwanda following the 1994 genocide. The Section is noteworthy in part because a majority of the papers have Rwandan authors. In summarizing the contributions I make six observations about the remarkable context of the genocide and its aftermath: a) it was distinctive from previous mass violence in its intensity and character; b) it has been characterized by bystander inaction and the problems of positioning outsiders to help; c) hundreds of thousands of accused or convicted perpetrators have lived alongside survivors; d) electronic media played a profound role not only in promoting violence but also in building peace; e) Rwanda has been the site of unprecedented societal interventions with political goals that have the character and content of social psychological experiments; and f) the role of memorialization in repairing or sustaining harm needs further examination. I conclude by noting that the study of recovery is clear proof that the genocide in Rwanda, as is the case with genocides of the past, failed to achieve its aims.
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Bovina, I. B., N. V. Dvoryanchikov, and S. V. Budykin. "Information security of children and adolescents in understanding parents and teachers." Psychology and Law 5, no. 3 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2015050301.
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The article presents the first part of the work devoted to the study of ordinary representations of parents and teachers about information security of children and adolescents. It is about addressing the problem of information security of children and adolescents, discuss the effects of observing violence in the mass media on the subsequent behaviour of viewers, refers to directing television roles on the example of transfer schemes by S. Milgram in the context of television game (experiment J. L. Beauvois with colleagues). This paper examines the impact on users has the Internet, discusses the main directions of action in relation to ensuring information security of children and adolescents, focusing on psychological aspects of the concept of information security of children, demonstrates the importance of studying "naive theories" that govern the actions aimed at ensuring information security of children. The authors explain the prospect of studying problems of information security of children in the framework of the theory of social representations.
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Murzina, I. Ya. "Humanitarian resistance in the context of digitalisation of education." Education and science journal 22, no. 10 (December 14, 2020): 90–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2020-10-90-115.
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Introduction. In the context of a pandemic, significant transformations in education have occurred: the urgent shift to new forms of learning and digitalisation of the learning process have become a challenge to the traditional understanding of education as a public good, based on humanistic grounds. In the media and social networks, there was a public debate over the prospects of the education for several months. The disparity in opinions and not always accurate determination of the positions of the authors of numerous publications highlight the need for analysing the situation in modern education from the standpoint of axiology and cultural studies.Aim. The present publication is aimed to consider the current changes in education in the conditions of digitalisation and to identify the potential of humanistic pedagogy.Methodology and research methods. The study is based on an interdisciplinary methodology, which integrates the achievements of the humanities and social sciences. The method of cluster analysis, content analysis in the mass media and social media, supplemented by group identification analysis, were employed.Research results. According to the findings of the present study, it was concluded that the contemporary processes in Russian education can be described from the point of view of trauma theory. The author introduces the concept of “humanitarian resistance”, which is referred to the forms of symbolic protest, based on the values of humanism, national and cultural traditions, and non-violence. Furthermore, the author proposes a primary classification of the forms of humanitarian resistance in Russian education, including worldview, axiological, socio-psychological and pedagogical aspects. In the current article, the essence of each aspect is disclosed on specific examples.Scientific novelty of the conducted research lies in the theoretical justification of the analysis of current educational practices from a philosophical and cultural point of view. The introduction of new categories into scientific circulation allows for an adequate description of the current processes in education. The article is debatable, involving the discussion on the problems of education as a public good and the teacher as a bearer of the humanistic tradition in terms of digitalisation.Practical significance of the research consists in the possibility of using its results to determine the prospects of educational policy in the digital society, as well as to develop the strategies and to select teacher training routes in new conditions.
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Wormwood, Jolie Baumann, Yu-Ru Lin, Spencer K. Lynn, Lisa Feldman Barrett, and Karen S. Quigley. "Psychological impact of mass violence depends on affective tone of media content." PLOS ONE 14, no. 4 (April 1, 2019): e0213891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213891.
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Wormwood, Jolie Baumann, Yu-Ru Lin, Spencer K. Lynn, Lisa Feldman Barrett, and Karen S. Quigley. "Correction: Psychological impact of mass violence depends on affective tone of media content." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 22, 2021): e0250756. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250756.
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Bushman, Brad J. "Narcissism, Fame Seeking, and Mass Shootings." American Behavioral Scientist 62, no. 2 (November 2, 2017): 229–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764217739660.
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For many years, the conventional wisdom was that most acts of aggression and violence stem from insecurities and low self-esteem. The possibility that some mass shooters have low self-esteem, low self-worth, or painful personal insecurities should not lead us to overlook another more likely possibility: that a significant number of mass shooters may have large egos and narcissistic tendencies. This article will (a) describe the psychological concepts of narcissism and narcissistic traits; (b) review previous research on links between narcissism, aggression, and violence; (c) review evidence that some mass shooters exhibit narcissistic traits; and (d) discuss the implications of narcissistic mass shooters for society and the media coverage of their shooting rampages.
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Karim, Lubna Naz. "Portrayal Of Violence Against Women On Media." Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 3, no. 1 (March 8, 2010): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v3i1.368.
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This study will review the role of media in portraying women and prevalence of violence in various forms like verbal, psychological, physical and symbolic against them. Technology has made media a powerful tool of communication, as well as a motivating force. Media directly or indirectly affects the minds of masses. The role of media in a society is incredible and unmatchable because the society depends on media for various reasons. This dependence on media is not only personal but social as well and it plays an important role in political, social, educational, religious and family institution at societal level. It is very much responsible for the transference of moral and social heritage from generation to generation, imposing even greater effects on the lives of ordinary citizens. Media claims to provide the masses with knowledge and information through entertainment programs. However, portrayal of violence against women on media in the form of different characters is contrary to ethical policies. Woman is an integral part of human society. She is a source of peace and contentment not only the whole family but for society on the whole. This study will explore that through entertainment; the negative feelings are induced into audience regarding violence against women, and where as mass media can play a significant role in reflecting social realities.
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Vanaga, Sanita, and Inga Pumpuriņa. "CHILD VIOLENCE AGAINST PARENTS: PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS AND PROBLEMS OF LEGAL REGULATIONS OF LIABILITY." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 3 (May 28, 2021): 446–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2021vol3.6226.
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Domestic violence is a cycle of various harassment in which the abuser can be any member of the family. Both media and research on domestic violence focus on the behaviour of adult family members, while there is a lack of research analysing child abuse, for example against their parents. The current legal framework establishes the procedure for bringing an abusive person to justice, however, the provided sanctions do not apply to a child being violent in case the offense is not of a criminal nature. The study presents the research in two parts, the first part, indicating the psychological and pedagogical aspects of the problem, and the second - the problem of the legal regulation of liability.The aim of the study was to analyse the regulatory framework, which determines the child's responsibility in cases of child-to-parent violence, to identify the problems of the legal framework and to develop proposals for the improvement of the legal framework.The study was developed interdisciplinary, performing the analysis of national and international legal acts, analysing statistical data and research on current issues. Analytical and descriptive method, grammatical, historical, teleological and systemic interpretation methods were used in the study.As a result of the research, a number of problems were identified. These were related to the identification of a child being violent, the rights and responsibilities of the family and society in cases of escalating violence, as well as the issue of taking responsibility for the child's violence. At the same time, it was concluded that cases of violence by children to parents are difficult to identify, which may be due to the parent-child relationship and ignorance of the parent's problem, resulting in a formal determination of the child's responsibility in case of violence. In turn, the legal framework should strengthen not only the procedure of holding the children responsible for their violent behavior, but also to call for interdisciplinary prevention of violence committed by children.
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Omar Bali, Ahmed, Emad Omer, Kawa Abdulridha, and Araz Ramazan Ahmad. "Psychological Violence Against Arab Women in the Context of Social Media: Web-Based Questionnaire Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 8 (August 19, 2021): e27944. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/27944.
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Background Social media provides women with varying platforms to express themselves, show their talents, communicate and expand their social relationships, and break the shackles imposed by their societies. Theoretically, social media can play a significant role in developing women’s freedom and decreasing social pressures; nonetheless, women continue to face violence during the social media era mainly in the form of psychological violence. Objective This study aims to conduct an empirical in-depth analysis of how the digital space, particularly social media, provides men with new opportunities to surveil, restrict, harass, and intimidate feminists in Arab countries. Methods This study includes an empirical survey to investigate what Arab women think are the causes and types of violence wielded against them and their perspectives on the impact of that violence. This study used a web-based questionnaire administered through Google Forms (n=1312) with responses from Arab women aged 15 years and above from all Arab countries. Results We found that most Arab women feared posting an actual photograph of themselves on their social media accounts and only approximately one-third (490/1312, 37.3%) did so. Most women indicated that they encountered sexual harassment regardless of their age. Furthermore, most women were not aware of the legal aspects of this crime and even those who were aware indicated that they would not press charges for several reasons, including bringing dishonor upon their families, the time-consuming nature of litigation, and fear of revenge. Conclusions This study shows that young and less educated women are more vulnerable to abuse from either social media users or being condemned by their families. This has several effects, including lower self-esteem and hesitancy in seeking a job, feelings of mistrust and fear, cynicism, anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders. These issues hold women back from using social media in positive ways and some consider leaving social media.
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Tretyakova, Olga. "Legal and Ethical Aspects of Media Coverage of Deviant Behavior." Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 498–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-6203.2020.9(3).498-513.
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This article deals with media coverage of destructive deviant behavior, particularly, suicides and drug addiction. Presentation of deviant behavior by the media is closely linked to romanticization of crime in the contemporary mass culture, which is a dangerous phenomenon for the society. Mass media products that tell about deviant behavior have a strong psychological impact since criminal romanticism is so widespread in mass culture that criminal and deviant behavior is sometimes presented as a role model. The author studies legal and ethical aspects of media coverage of deviant behavior, gives an analytical review of legal rules and recommendations for journalists on how to cover cases of suicide or drug abuse. The latter have been worked out by either regulatory agencies or authorities interested in this process. Moreover, one cannot find such rules or recommendations either in the Code of Professional Ethics of Russian Journalists or in the draft of the Standard of Media Ethic developed by the Public Panel for Complaints about the Press of Russian Union of Journalists. The article describes compositional, lexical and stylistic means of romanticizing deviant behavior, and analyzes coverage of suicides and drug abuse by the example of media content of Russian popular newspapers Rossiyskaya Gazeta and Komsomolskaya Pravda. The most common means include an eye-catching title, shifting the focus from the case of deviant behavior to the agent’s outstanding personality traits, the author’s affective evaluation of the case, evocative lexicon, and quotes or reminiscences that justify or approve of the deviant behavior. The author infers that the means of romanticising deviance by the mass media correlate with the techniques which regulatory agencies and experts recommend journalists to avoid. Therefore, the usage of these means may be considered a bad violation of journalists’ professional ethic.
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Iqbal, Zafar, Fazal Rahim Khan, and Haseeb ur Rehman. "The “Innocence of Muslims” in the US Media: An Analysis of the Media Discourses on Islam and Muslims." Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization 10, no. 101 (June 2020): 107–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/jitc.101.06.
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The release of trailer of ‘Innocence of Muslims’ generated a huge debate on free speech, hate speech and the representation of the Muslims and Islam in the Western media. This paper investigates these issues in detail by taking instances from the mainstream US print media. Some other interesting debates in the mass media like the identification of the filmmaker and denigration of the Muslims and Islam in historical context have also been undertaken in the paper. Discourse theory and social construction of reality by Schutz (1976) and Berger and Luckmann (1991) have been applied as theoretical framework to evaluate the relationship between mass media and social construction of reality, and to see as how the US mass media constructed the reality about the movie (trailer). Three major aspects were selected for analysis; viz., filmmaker(s) and their associates, issues concerning freedom of speech and expression, and the representation of the Muslims’ protesting against the YouTube clip and the ensuing violence in some Muslim countries.
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Reyhan, Servet. "Football in Turkey from 1960 to Present Day: Unpreventable Violence." Journal of Education and Training Studies 7, no. 9 (June 27, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v7i9.4351.
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This study seeks to investigate the issue of violence in football in Turkey from 1960 up to present day along with incidents, riots and stampedes that occurred related to violence in football. The study was conducted considering three main periods, which are from 1960 to 1980, 1980 to 2000 and finally 2000 and today. The reason why these particular periods were chosen was that each period had its own characteristics related to football-related violence and other aspects that affected it. To collect data, 15 members of fan groups were interviewed related to the football-related violence. Furthermore, the study took into account not only physical aspect of violence but also social and psychological aspect of it. Findings revealed that Turkey has been a country where football-related violence has never been completely prevented due to reasons such as coups, coup attempts, political issues, social behaviors shaped by these political issues, regulations and media considering these periods. And based on the participant opinions, it was found that main actors responsible for the violence are top officials in the football federation, politicians and media. As a result, football-related violence remains to be a major problem in football games not only on the pitch but also off the pitch.
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Hussein, Jeylan Wolyie. "Discursive and Processual Socialization of the Mass into Acts of Violence: the Case of Rwandan Genocide." Ethnic Studies Review 36, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 77–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2013.36.1.77.
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This article analyses discursive and processual socialization of the masses into acts of violence during the Rwandan genocide of 1 994. The discursive aspects of the socialization include discourses of dehumanization, ethnic extremism and the dynamics of public socialization into violence and other acts of savagery. The processual dimension of the socialization refers to the violentization process. The article tries to show that the discursive and the processual aspects of socialization reinforced each other. It analyses the ideological and linguistic mechanisms mobilized in Rwanda to foment hatred and whip the masses into atrocities. The article, in addition, tries to explain the genocide through diverse social psychological theories and illustrate the interaction between the leaders' political agitation of the masses towards extermination and the perpetrators' action on the ground. The article argues that no single theory can fully explain the incomprehensible genocide since it was the result of a complex intermarriage between social, ideological and moral forces. It also examines the role of cultural and linguistic resources in the violentization process. On the basis of the analysis, the article recommends what should be done to prevent similar atrocities in Africa.
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Grove, Nicole Sunday. "Weapons of mass participation: Social media, violence entrepreneurs, and the politics of crowdfunding for war." European Journal of International Relations 25, no. 1 (December 7, 2017): 86–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354066117744867.
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Since 2012, North American and European civilians have regularly engaged in combat operations against the Islamic State in the globalized and decentralized battlefields of Iraq and Syria. This article focuses on two aspects of this phenomenon. First, I argue that these combatants represent a different kind of fighter from both private military contractors and battlefield laborers profiled in the private security literature insofar as capital is a means rather than an end in the innovation of violence. I refer to these fighters as violence entrepreneurs. The relevance and limits of Schmitt’s writings on enmity and his theory of the partisan are examined in the context of these contemporary networks of security, mobility, and killing. My second argument centers on how online platforms for the distribution of small-scale donations to these fighters and their self-crafted missions facilitate hyper-mediated forms of patronage, where individual donors are both producers and consumers of security in ways that further distort distinctions between civilians and combatants. The imagined communities that support these combatants, both morally and financially, through the banal networks of Facebook and peer-to-peer funding platforms like GoFundMe suggest a radical deviation from conventional organizational structures and capacities for waging combat. Crowdfunding congeals these new geopolitical networks in the authorizing of individuals to determine their own singular forms of enmity, mutating the conditions of possibility for the sovereign decision.
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Knizhnikova, S. V. "Amok: Relevance of School Attacks Exploring, Causes, and Primary Prevention Possibilities." Social Psychology and Society 10, no. 1 (2019): 152–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/sps.2019100109.
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The article is devoted to the phenomenon of amok — towering rage, hatred leading to mass violence against people in public places. The study of amok in our country is updated because violence committed by students in educational institutions are becoming more frequent over the last years. It is established that amok has sociocultural and individual psychological dependence. Amok is characterized by symptoms, stages, varieties and causes of occurrence and distribution. As the relevant methodological foundation of amok study we offer a domestic conception of affect that disrupt the psyche. It is proved that the study of amok cases requires the identification of possible psyche pathologies of a person who committed an attack, his individual properties of mental processes which are responsible for self-regulation, as well as specifics of personal orientation and social experience. Such amok factors as social exclusion (shut-out from the reference group) and media violence are considered. The article describes some directions to minimize the damage and potential areas of primary psychological-pedagogical amok prevention.
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Sriyanto, Aim Abdulkarim, Asmawi Zainul, and Enok Maryani. "Perilaku Asertif dan Kecenderungan Kenakalan Remaja Berdasarkan Pola Asuh dan Peran Media Massa." Jurnal Psikologi 41, no. 1 (June 23, 2014): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.6959.
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Theoretically the adolescent psychological development is a transition period which is marked by changes in biological, psychological and social aspects. Empirically, the increasing trend of juvenile delinquency is caused by the inability of the early adolescents to be assertive so that their personality become weak and they can easily fall into negative things. This study aimed at determining the extent to which environment and mass media have the influence on assertive behaviour and juvenile delinquency trend in Junior High School in West Java Province. The respondents of this research were 458 students of Junior High Schools in West Java. Questionnaire was used to collect the data. Samples were chosen by using stratified random sampling technique. Data analysis employed Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with two-stages testing: measurement model and structural model, using Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS). The results of this study revealed that all hypothetical statements have significant effects. The findings showed that the increasing level of students’ assertive behaviour can decrease the tendency of juvenile delinquency in them.
Keywords: assertive behaviour, parenting, mass media, juvenile delinquency trend
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Maier, Scott R., Paul Slovic, and Marcus Mayorga. "Reader reaction to news of mass suffering: Assessing the influence of story form and emotional response." Journalism 18, no. 8 (August 11, 2016): 1011–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884916663597.
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Drawing from psychological research, the study examines how story form influences reader reaction to news accounts of mass violence in Africa. An online survey with embedded experimental conditions was administered to a US Internet panel (n = 638). Results show that how the story is told affects reader emotional response and, indirectly, charitable giving. Story personification had the strongest influence, followed by stories with photographic images. Use of statistical and mobilizing information had only a small effect on reader response. The straight news story – the predominant form of news reporting – evoked the weakest emotional response. The findings underscore that simply ‘reporting the news’ is often insufficient to arouse audience response. The reader needs empathetic connection, especially when dealing with large-scale distant suffering. Applying psychological principles to practical journalism, the study is intended to guide media practitioners and activists as they seek better ways to bring attention to the world’s most deplorable conditions.
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Rahmi, Hanna, and Andreas Corsini. "Tinjauan Fenomena “Hate Speech” dengan Muatan Politik di Indonesia dalam Perspektif “Psychological Hatred”." Jurnal Keamanan Nasional 6, no. 2 (January 12, 2021): 285–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.31599/jkn.v6i2.461.
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AbstrakMunculnya media sosial di Indonesia memberikan efek manfaat positif dan negatif dalam bidang informasi. Beberapa permasalahan timbul diakibatkan perkembangan teknologi berkaitan dengan media sosial, munculnya berita bohong, ujaran kebencian, dan penipuan adalah beberapa faktor efek dari media sosial. Fenomena “Pemilu” baik Presiden dan Kepala Daerah menyeret media sosial ke dalam arus kampanye negatif, dan menjadi pematik munculnya “hate speech” dalam media sosial. Secara historis “hate speech” sudah lama muncul dan disertai dengan peristiwa-peristiwa kekerasan, perundungan, maupun genosida massal pada sekelompok orang dan masyarakat tertentu. Hal ini menjadi permasalahan yang serius bila tidak ditangani dengan serius, karena pada dasarnya menjadi penyebab dari munculnya disintegrasi bangsa Indonesia. Kajian Psikologis mencoba mengurai benang merah kemunculan dari “hate speech”, sehingga pada nantinya didapatkan potensi ide-ide dalam mengurai masalah berkaitan dengan hate speech, khususnya dalam bidang pendidikan. Kata Kunci : Media sosial, hate speech, Pemilu, PsikologisAbstractThe emergence of social media in Indonesia gives the effect of positive and negative benefits in information field. Some problems arise due to the development of technology related to social media, the emergence of lying news, hate speech, and fraud are some factors that effect from social media. The phenomenon of "elections" both the president and the regional head dragged social media into the current negative campaign, and became the emergence of "hate speech" in social media. Historically "hate speech" has long emerged and is accompanied by events of violence, abuse, or mass genocide in certain groups of people and communities. This is a serious problem if it is not handled seriously, because it is essentially the cause of the emergence of the breakup of the Indonesian nation. Psychological studies are trying to parse the emergence of red threads from "hate speech", so that in the future the potential ideas in parsing problems related to hate speech, especially in the field of education.Keyword : Social Media, Hate Speech, Election, Psychological
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Alabugina, Aleksandra I. "SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTS OF THE WORK OF MASS MEDIA IN ACTIVE COMBAT ZONE: THE CASE OF DONBASS CONFLICT." Век информации (сетевое издание) 4, no. 2(11) (April 30, 2020): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33941/age-info.com42(11)2.
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Лисичкіна, Ірина. "Mass-Media Specificity of Building an Effective Narrative as a Strategic Communication Tool." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 26, no. 2 (November 12, 2019): 224–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2019-26-2-224-242.
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Objective. This research aims at defining the principles of constructing effective narratives with the use of the strategic communication capabilities and the media.
Materials and Methods. Publications in modern English and Ukrainian mass-media have been analyzed using methods and techniques of discourse analysis, content- and intent-analysis with elements of pragmatic and narrative analysis. The author’s methodology included the following: to identify the author’s intention and motives, the main topoi and points of the narrative focalization, to define hidden beliefs, social and psychological basis for the recipient’s perception of the narrative, to outline effective strategies for the narrative construction and dissemination in the media.
Results. In general, modern media have the capacity of constructing the desired frames in the audience’s consciousness by creating a mental model of the situation, on which the consumer of the information starts to rely. Decision-making now is reliant on the media consciousness, a virtual world imposed by the media and constructed with the help of relevant narratives. Modern strategic narratives usually have the external focalization which gets more credibility when supported and presented by the focalization points of celebrities and experts. Competing narratives, as well as the plurality of possible interpretations of events, are destroyed with the help of the media, which begin to broadcast one interpretation of the event that matches the narrative, by this making it the truth. Simultaneous use of several different media intensifies the influence and support the narrative. Repeating information changes its status and makes it not just a fact, but general knowledge. Any narrative is not only a sequential story of the selected events, but also persuasion in its nature. Persuasion is enhanced when narratives resonate with the audience's value system.
Conclusions. As a strategic communication tool, an effective narrative is constructed with regard to all the aspects of communication, psycholinguistic and social aspects being especially important. Further insights into the problem of shaping narratives will allow outlining best practices and their elements to develop image-forming narratives.
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İNCİ, Ülkü Hayriye. "Basında Yer Alan Namus Cinayetlerinin Sosyolojik Analizi /A Sociological Analysis of Honor Killings Reported by the Mass Media." Journal of History Culture and Art Research 2, no. 3 (September 30, 2013): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v2i3.273.
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Öz Erkek egemen toplumlarda kadına yönelik şiddetin kısmi bir kabul gördüğü bilinmektedir. Kadına yönelik şiddetin özel bir şekli de namus cinayetleridir. Son zamanlarda ulusal medyada kendisine oldukça fazla yer bulan namus cinayetleri, sosyolojik çalışmalarda da kendisine yer bulmaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de son zamanlarda oldukça sık tartışılan namus cinayetlerinin sosyal ve kültürel hayattaki durumunu tartışmaya açmaktadır. Çalışma basında yer alan namus cinayetleri ile sınırlıdır. Çalışmada içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu bağlamda, Türkiye’de meydana gelen namus cinayetlerinin yoğun olarak ortaya çıktığı bölgelerdeki sosyal sorunlar, farklı bölgelerdeki sosyal yapının namus cinayetlerini nasıl etkilediği, toplumda nasıl yansıma bulduğu ve özellikle kadınlar tarafından nasıl algılandığı konusu, basına yansıyan haberlerin içerik çözümlemesiyle ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Abstract Violence against women is somewhat acceptable in societies which dominated by the patriarchal system. One of the aspects of violence against women is honor killings. Nowadays, honor killings take place pretty much in Turkish national media. This article discusses the social and cultural basis of honor killings debated quite often recently. The work is limited to honor killings reported by mass media. In the work the content analysis method was used. In this context, social problems and social structures of different regions of Turkey analyzed to determine the source of problem. Additionally, the place of the honor killings, how they come up, and their effects on women and society have been presented with the content analysis of the news on the media.
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Baltezarevic, Vesna, Radoslav Baltezarevic, and Borivoje Baltezarevic. "The prevalence of victimization and the internet abuse in student population." Temida 19, no. 3-4 (2016): 373–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tem1604373b.
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The use of modern information technology has contributed to the creation of new media and virtual tools that contribute to mass social interaction. The Internet has enabled networking communicator, associating in virtual communities and the creation of parallel communication space. However, despite all the good things they bring with them, new technologies are leading to the emergence of various forms of victimization in the virtual space. The ability to communicate anonymously or through a fictitious identity on the new media platforms created a favorable climate for the operation of the ?dark side? of the Internet. Violence on the Internet, known as the cyberbullying is becoming a topic for many researchers mainly focusing on research and description of the phenomenon in adolescent population. The paper aims to examine the theoretical aspects of cyberbullying and to present the existing research, as well as the results of the pilot research work on the social networks behavior of final year students of the Faculty of Culture and Media, conducted by the authors. The paper shows that violence on the Internet exists in this part of the student population.
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Gelzhiser, Justin Adam. "International Student Perceptions of American Gun Culture and School Shootings: A Public Health Examination." Violence and Victims 34, no. 6 (December 1, 2019): 972–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-18-00185.
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A shooting in an American education institution quickly creates a global ripple effect, due to the large number of international students enrolled in American secondary schools and higher education institutions. International students studying in the United States may offer unique insight into local and global perceptions of American gun culture, highlight the transnational physical, emotional, and psychological impact of gun violence, and offer fresh understandings about the American gun violence public health problem. A qualitative research study was conducted at The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) that included focus groups and in-depth interviews of students from China and India. These nations represent the largest American international student populations. The study included a random sampling methodology. Findings show that gun violence in American schools is a major concern for prospective international students and their families. While concerns about targeted-shootings diminish, students develop behaviors that indicate a pervasive fear of indiscriminate attacks (e.g., mass shootings and petty crime), such as avoidance of large public gatherings and traveling in groups for safety. They also question university campuses' unfettered visitor access and remain perplexed by the ease of gun access in America, which they directly attribute to causing America's gun violence problem. Social and mass media play large roles in perception-building processes by supplying accurate and real-time as well as fake or misleading information. However, divergent viewpoints emerge among family members concerned for their overseas relatives' safety while international students develop more refined perspectives.
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Alwi, Said. "HUBUNGAN ANTARA KECERDASAN EMOSI DAN AGRESIVITAS REMAJA." ITQAN : Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Kependidikan 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47766/itqan.v10i1.517.
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Acts of violence whether individual, group, gang or mass may already be daily news in various mass media. Acts of violence can occur anywhere, such as on the streets, in schools, public places and even in housing complexes. Fights between students often involve a number of teenagers to attack each other for unclear reasons. This is then manifested in aggressive behavior. One of the factors that influence the emergence of aggressive behavior is emotion. Teenagers are one of the individual components in a community that is loaded with emotional upheaval. In the general phase of 12-22 years, teenagers generally have considerable emotions and have the potential to cause excessive aggressiveness. Excessive aggressiveness is an indication of the lack of proportional and effective management of emotions. Teen aggression is related to aspects of emotional processing. the better the level of emotional intelligence of students, the lower the tendency to behave in aggression. Conversely, if emotional intelligence is bad, then the tendency to behave in aggression will be high.
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Mukhida, Leila. "Violence in the Age of Digital Reproducibility: Political Form in Valeska Grisebach's Longing (2006)." German Politics and Society 33, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 172–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2015.330113.
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While public discussions about media and violence tend to be defined by the negative psychological effects attributed to exposure to mediated depictions of violence, this article argues that the mediated violence in Valeska Grisebach's 2006 film, Longing, (Sehnsucht) instead seeks to heighten viewers' sensitivity towards violent acts in moving images. Grisebach rejects the so-called MTV aesthetic and instead employs formal and narrative devices that may be read in political terms. To illuminate the connection between film aesthetics, violence, and mass (dis)engagement with politics, this article draws upon the argument rehearsed in Walter Benjamin's oft-cited essay, “The Work of Art in the Age of its Technological Reproducibility” (1936). Given that we are witnessing changes in the ways that we experience and re-present our reality now that are arguably as significant as the birth of the moving image itself, it is pertinent to look to early twentieth-century cultural theory in order to gain a better understanding of the significance of these transformations in a historical context. By reading the violent incidents in Longing through a Benjaminian lens, this article suggests that the film is a political act by Grisebach, as well as a key political work in the field of contemporary German-language cinema.
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Mikołajczuk, Krzysztof. "Different Forms of Violence – Selected Issues." Review of European and Comparative Law 43, no. 4 (December 11, 2020): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/recl.10035.
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Violence has been part of the human history since its very beginning. As some believe, it is “Cain’s sin” that determines violent human behaviour. Though this belief is obviously simplified, it reflects the nature of man. We are eager to seek evil in others, in individuals and in social structures. It is not just the family that is oppressive. Violence is ubiquitous; it is inflicted by peer groups, social classes, organisations, and by the state. Violence is commonly defined as social behaviour against someone or something, the aggressor being on one side and the victim on the other. Usually, a narrow definition of violence is used; i.e., violence is understood as the use of force to obtain from others what they are not willing to give or what they do not want to do. However, violence is a more complex phenomenon. Some forms of violence are sophisticated and difficult to discern, not only in the behaviour of others but also in our own actions. Violence occurs on a micro-scale in the form of pressure, extortion, inducement, or restrictions, and on a macro-scale – as wars, crises, terroristic acts, or revolutions. Violence is not only physical and psychological; it may also be personal, structural, hidden, explicit, emotional, and rational. What follows, it takes place in a wide array of spaces: in culture, sport, politics, the media, in the public space and at home. Therefore, the narrow definition of violence fails to include many of its aspects, and as such it is not practical. Using such a definition, we are left with extreme cases, so in fact we define pathologies. A serious difficulty in defining violence is connected with defining human rights in a unified way. These vary from culture to culture and have been evolving throughout history. Violation of these rights constitutes the essence of what is referred to as violent behaviour. Each society defines and attempts to prevent violence differently, and also in its own way indicates those who judge the perpetrators of prohibited acts.
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Salem, Haya, and Suhad Daher-Nashif. "Psychosocial Aspects of Female Breast Cancer in the Middle East and North Africa." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 18 (September 18, 2020): 6802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186802.
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Breast cancer, the most common cancer among women in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, is associated with social and psychological implications deriving from women’s socio-cultural contexts. Examining 74 articles published between 2007 and 2019, this literature/narrative review explores the psychosocial aspects of female breast cancer in the MENA region. It highlights socio-cultural barriers to seeking help and socio-political factors influencing women’s experience with the disease. In 17 of 22 Arab countries, common findings emerge which derive from shared cultural values. Findings indicate that women lack knowledge of breast cancer screening (BCS) and breast cancer self-examination (BSE) benefits/techniques due to a lack of physicians’ recommendations, fear, embarrassment, cultural beliefs, and a lack of formal and informal support systems. Women in rural areas or with low socioeconomic status further lack access to health services. Women with breast cancer, report low self-esteem due to gender dynamics and a tendency towards fatalism. Collaboration between mass media, health and education systems, and leading social-religious figures plays a major role in overcoming psychological and cultural barriers, including beliefs surrounding pain, fear, embarrassment, and modesty, particularly for women of lower socioeconomic status and women living in crises and conflict zones.
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Hutton, Alison, Kathryn Zeitz, Steve Brown, and Paul Arbon. "Assessing the Psychosocial Elements of Crowds at Mass Gatherings." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, no. 6 (December 2011): 414–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x12000155.
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AbstractIntroduction: The environmental aspects of mass gatherings that can affect the health and safety of the crowd have been well described. Although it has been recognized that the nature of the crowd will directly impact the health and safety of the crowd, the majority of research focuses on crowd behavior in a negative context such as violence or conflict. Within the mass gathering literature, there is no agreement on what crowd behavior, crowd mood and crowd type actually mean. At the same time, these elements have a number of applications, including event management and mass gathering medicine. These questions are worthy of exploration.Methods: This paper will report on a pilot project undertaken to evaluate how effective current crowd assessment tools are in understanding the psychosocial domain of a mass gathering event.Results: The pilot project highlighted the need for a more consistent descriptive data set that focuses on crowd behavior.Conclusions: The descriptive data collected in this study provide a beginning insight into the science of understanding crowds at a mass gathering event. This pilot has commenced a process of quantifying the psychosocial nature of an event. To maximize the value of this work, future research is required to understand the interplay among the three domains of mass gatherings (physical, environmental and psychological), along with the effects of each element within the domains on safety and health outcomes for participants at mass gatherings.
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Nanninga, Pieter. "“Cleansing the Earth of the Stench of Shirk”." Journal of Religion and Violence 7, no. 2 (2019): 128–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jrv2019112266.
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Current research on jihadism is dominated by the policy and security perspectives that characterize terrorism studies, leaving jihadist culture underexplored. As a result, jihadist violence is typically studied as instrumental actions related to the organizers’ strategic objectives. This paper, however, argues the violence should also be studied as a cultural practice, focusing on its symbolic aspects and cultural meanings for the actors involved. For this purpose, the paper focuses on the case of the Islamic State and, particularly, on the theme of purification in relation to the group’s violence. The relationship between violence and conceptions of purity/pollution is a longstanding theme in research on fundamentalism and mass violence, but these studies have hardly been integrated in the study of jihadism. This paper does so by relating insights from these fields to the case of the Islamic State. Drawing from the author’s extensive archive of Islamic State media releases, it identifies three types of violence to which conceptions of purity/pollution are central: the destruction of cultural heritage, the targeting of non-Muslim minorities, and the punishment of alleged sinners and spies. These acts of violence, the paper argues, are deemed to purify space, society, and the Muslim community, respectively. Perceiving the Islamic State’s violence from this perspective, provides insights into the cultural meanings of the Islamic State’s violence for the perpetrators and their supporters, and thus for grasping the appeal of the group that has become infamous for its bloodshed.
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PALUCK, ELIZABETH LEVY, and DONALD P. GREEN. "Deference, Dissent, and Dispute Resolution: An Experimental Intervention Using Mass Media to Change Norms and Behavior in Rwanda." American Political Science Review 103, no. 4 (October 14, 2009): 622–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055409990128.
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Deference and dissent strike a delicate balance in any polity. Insufficient deference to authority may incapacitate government, whereas too much may allow leaders to orchestrate mass violence. Although cross-national and cross-temporal variation in deference to authority and willingness to express dissent has long been studied in political science, rarely have scholars studied programs designed to change these aspects of political culture. This study, situated in post-genocide Rwanda, reports a qualitative and quantitative assessment of one such attempt, a radio program aimed at discouraging blind obedience and reliance on direction from authorities and promoting independent thought and collective action in problem solving. Over the course of one year, this radio program or a comparable program dealing with HIV was randomly presented to pairs of communities, including communities of genocide survivors, Twa people, and imprisoned génocidaires. Changes in individual attitudes, perceived community norms, and deliberative behaviors were assessed using closed-ended interviews, focus group discussions, role-play exercises, and unobtrusive measures of collective decision making. Although the radio program had little effect on many kinds of beliefs and attitudes, it had a substantial impact on listeners' willingness to express dissent and the ways they resolved communal problems.
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Korolenko, Vyktor, and Vladymyr Shenkevich. "Modern aspects of moral health of schools." Scientific visnyk V.O. Sukhomlynskyi Mykolaiv National University. Pedagogical Sciences 65, no. 2 (2019): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.33310/2518-7813-2019-65-2-154-157.
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Moral education is one of the forms of moral inheritance in society. In the perception of modern society moral is a synonym of ethics. Thus, the term «moral education» means the process of the purposeful forming of child moral values and reinforcement the habit complex which is proper to the norms and moral accepted in a society. Nowadays, when the standards of legal cruelty are widely presented in mass media, entertaining programs and computer games which children are involved in since their preschool age, moral education of young people claims special attention. In the present paper the problem of schoolchildren moral development and socialization is considered. Taking into account current pedagogical conditions various approaches to the issue particularly the ways of the modern youth psychological impact efficiency improvement have been analyzed. The results of the conducted research show the need for higher school children socialization level since it’s the basis of the personality development. The importance of innovative pedagogical achievements use in the course of young people moral education is stressed. Moral education is one of the forms of inheritance of morality in society. A moral is in understanding of modern society, is the synonym of ethics. Thus, under moral education it is possible to understand the process of the purposeful forming for the child of the moral settings, and also fixing of habits of conduct, proper to the norms and moral, accepted in society. Presently, when the standards of legal cruelty with people are widely presented in mass medias, entertaining transmissions and films, and also in computer games which children master from preschool age, moral education of children must spare the special attention.
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Widyatmoko, Agus Toto. "Etika Menulis dengan Cahaya." Interaksi: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi 5, no. 2 (March 29, 2017): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/interaksi.5.2.209-2018.
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Abstract :The mass media had great influence in conveying a message against their common. The values of the message was set out in the text and images are presented by the media. The message may contain meaning positive and inspiring in describing events, so that is not interfere psychological of audience. In the context of photojournalism, the expression that the power of the image can be far beyond the message conveyed through text. Because the meaning of the message, the essence of photojournalism must pay attention to the rules of journalism were set in the Press Law and the Code of Ethics of Journalism. An understanding of the ethics of photojournalism is not only for internal media, but also to a audience. Thus, the public can judge the mindset of media displaying photographic work does pay attention to aesthetic aspects or ignore the rules of journalism. Keywords: Photojournalism, Press Law, the Code of Ethics Journalism, the Power of Image
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Widyatmoko, Agus Toto. "Etika Menulis dengan Cahaya." Interaksi: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi 5, no. 2 (March 29, 2017): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/interaksi.5.2.209-218.
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Abstract :The mass media had great influence in conveying a message against their common. The values of the message was set out in the text and images are presented by the media. The message may contain meaning positive and inspiring in describing events, so that is not interfere psychological of audience. In the context of photojournalism, the expression that the power of the image can be far beyond the message conveyed through text. Because the meaning of the message, the essence of photojournalism must pay attention to the rules of journalism were set in the Press Law and the Code of Ethics of Journalism. An understanding of the ethics of photojournalism is not only for internal media, but also to a audience. Thus, the public can judge the mindset of media displaying photographic work does pay attention to aesthetic aspects or ignore the rules of journalism. Keywords: Photojournalism, Press Law, the Code of Ethics Journalism, the Power of Image
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Purba, Nelvitia, Reynaldi Putra Rosihan, Ali Mukti Tanjung, Rudy Pramono, Agus Purwanto, and Mukidi Mukidi. "Efforts to Protect Violence in the Households during Covid-19 in Indonesia." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 10 (April 30, 2021): 548–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2021.10.63.
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The social distancing appeal that the government encourages is not matched by the state's efforts to provide economic security to the community. PSBB will directly or indirectly limit the movement of the community. The teaching and learning process at schools and residents who work will be limited to working or studying at home. This limitation of activities in public spaces will have an impact on people's income, especially those in the middle to lower economy. The implementation of social distancing during the Covid-19 outbreak has increased the risk of violence against women, complicates women's economic conditions, and affirms women's social status as subordinate, or women are in a lower position than men. The formulation of the problem in this research is what is the cause of domestic violence during the covid-19 period in Indonesia, what are the prevention efforts against domestic violence during the covid-19 period. Causes of Domestic Violence During the Covid-19 Period, namely the government's appeal to the community 'at home alone', causing a separate polemic for women and children, especially those who experience economic and psychological pressure at home from extraordinary isolation measures, has prompted increasing instances of reports of domestic violence, especially women who are forced to live for months in abusive relationships. causes and consequences of violence and to prevent the occurrence of violence through primary prevention programs, policy intervention and advocacy as well as information programs and supporting initiatives through all mass media TV, social networks, cell phones.
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Kamban, Jumikha, Mafazah Noviana, and Zakiah Hidayati. "PENERAPAN KONSEP HEALING ENVIRONMENT PADA PERANCANGAN PUSAT REHABILITASI KORBAN KEKERASAN ANAK DAN PEREMPUAN DI SAMARINDA." Jurnal Kreatif : Desain Produk Industri dan Arsitektur 8, no. 1 (October 8, 2020): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.46964/jkdpia.v8i1.76.
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ABSTRAK
Kekerasan merupakan tindakan yang sangat agresif dan pelanggaran seperti contohnya penyiksaan, pemukulan, pemerkosaan dan kekerasan dalam rumah tangga yang menyebabkan atau di maksudkan untuk menyebabkan penderitaan atau menyakiti orang lain. Dalam hal ini dibutuhkan sebuah penanganan yang lebih kepada korban kekerasan terlebih kepada anak-anak juga kepada perempuan, hal ini disebabkan karena mental terhadap korban cenderung dapat menyebabkan trauma akibat tindakan kekerasan yang bersifat secara fisik maupun psikis yang mereka alami. Maka dari itu dibutuhkan sebuah pusat rehabilitasi dengan konsep healing environment untuk korban kekerasan pada anak dan perempuan, yang dapat membantu proses penyembuhan baik secara fisik maupun psikis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menerapkan konsep healing environment pada perancangan pusat rehabilitasi korban kekerasan anak dan peempuan di Samarinda. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian terapan (applied research) yang menggunakan metode perancangan arsitektur. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan dalam perencanaan dan perancangan fasilitas kesehatan dengan menggunakan pendekatan healing environment. Untuk memberikan rasa aman sebaiknya tempat rehabilitasi juga mendukung dari aspek-aspek lingkungan seperti media taman atau healing garden dan konsep bangunan yang berkaitan dengan alam sehingga dapat menjadi terciptanya sebuah healing environment, agar dapat membantu proses penyembuhan bagi pasien melalui indra manusia yang secara langsung dapat juga mempengaruhi psikologis pasien.
ABSTRACT
Violence is a very aggressive act and violations such as torture, beatings, rape and domestic violence that cause or are intended to cause suffering or hurt others. In this case, more handling is needed for victims of violence, especially for children as well as for women, this is because mentally towards victims tends to cause trauma due to physical and psychological violence that they experience. Therefore, we need a rehabilitation center with the concept of healing environment for victims of violence against children and women, who can help the healing process both physically and psychologically. The purpose of this study is to apply the concept of healing environment in the design of rehabilitation centers for victims of violence against children and women in Samarinda. This research is an applied research (applied research) that uses architectural design methods. The results of this study are expected to be a reference in planning and designing health facilities using a healing environment approach. To provide a sense of security, a rehabilitation place should also support aspects of the environment such as garden media or healing gardens and building concepts related to nature so that a healing environment can be created, so that it can help the healing process for patients through the human senses which can directly also affect the psychological of the patient.
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Janković, Ana, and Sabina Čehajić-Clancy. "The Power of the Media on Peace and Reconciliation Processes: Representing Former Enemy Groups as Moral versus Immoral Matters." Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology 15 (January 2021): 183449092110025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/18344909211002561.
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The efforts of peace-building and reconciliation between historical enemies are faced with many structural and psychological obstacles. Scholars have identified mechanisms that can induce improvements in psychological aspects of intergroup relations, such as intergroup contact. However, establishing direct contact with everyone is impossible. Therefore, the mass media represents an important source through which groups learn about each other. Numerous studies have shown that stereotypical and often negative portrayals of specific social groups through the media produce or reinforce negative intergroup outcomes. In this research, the authors report results from an experimental study conducted in a post-conflict society of Bosnia and Herzegovina ( N = 119). It examined the effects of stereotypical and counter-stereotypical representations of former enemy groups (Bosniaks) through the media on intergroup behavior (reported by Bosnian Serbs). More specifically, in this research the authors explored the effects of representing out-group individuals as immoral (the stereotypical condition) and moral (the counter-stereotypical condition) on specific behavioral tendencies toward the historical enemy group. The results indicate that exposure to primarily moral information about the out-group target facilitated important positive intergroup outcomes. This study extends the literature and research on moral exemplars by demonstrating the effects on relevant intergroup outcomes whilst utilizing current (vs. historical) moral exemplar stories.
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Lindsay, Pete, and Owen Thomas. "Reflections on Being a Neophyte Sport Psychologist in the Media: Conversations With My Younger Self." Sport Psychologist 28, no. 3 (September 2014): 290–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2012-0087.
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The mass media focus on sporting events (Kristiansen, Hanstad, & Roberts, 2011), coupled with the interest in reporting the psychological aspects of sporting performance (Jones, 2005) can place practitioners in stressful situations (Fletcher, Rumbold, Tester, & Coombes, 2011). Concerns over “misrepresentation,” “misquotation,” “misinterpretation,” and being “incorrectly reported or understood” by the media can be at odds with a practitioner’s honest desire to disseminate findings and provide informed commentaries related to the discipline. This article aims to highlight the ethical, professional and personal challenges faced by Pete Lindsay while working as the resident sport psychologist for an international television broadcaster during a World championship sporting event. The autoethnographic account provides a series of reflective fragments that were abstracted from professional development documentation, supervisory meeting records of the time, and the authors recalled reflections of when Pete undertook the role. Practical implications for the training and certification of practitioners in relation to working within the media are considered.
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Eyal, Keren, and Tali Te’eni-Harari. "Explaining the Relationship Between Media Exposure and Early Adolescents’ Body Image Perceptions." Journal of Media Psychology 25, no. 3 (January 1, 2013): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000094.
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In recent years, there has been a worldwide increase in the extent of overweight and obesity as well as other eating disorders, especially among youths. Alongside genetic and biological factors that can explain some aspects of these phenomena and the psychological outcomes associated with them, researchers attributed an important role to social and cultural factors, including the mass media. This study examined the relationship between media exposure and early adolescents’ body image. It applied social comparison theory to the study of favorite television characters, an original extension of past research on general social comparison processes. Specifically, the parasocial relationships and motivations for self-comparison with the characters were examined. Based on a survey among 391 seventh and eighth graders, the study found that media exposure negatively predicted body image both directly and through a mediation process involving parasocial relationships with favorite characters, motivations to self-compare, and engagement in social comparison with them. Further, social comparison with favorite characters was found to positively predict an actual/ideal body shape discrepancy which negatively predicted body image. The findings are discussed in light of theory, developmental considerations associated with this unique age group, past research, and educational and policy implications.
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Yeon, Su Jin, Ji Hee Min, Ji Yong Byeon, Jin Joo Min, Ji In Ryu, Ansuk Jeong, Jee Ye Kim, Seung Il Kim, and Justin Y. Jeon. "Exercise Barriers and Facilitators for Breast Cancer Patients After Surgery: A Qualitative Content Analysis." Exercise Science 30, no. 2 (May 31, 2021): 192–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.15857/ksep.2021.30.2.192.
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PURPOSE: This study aimed to understand the barriers to exercise and facilitators of exercise for up to 4 weeks following breast cancer surgery.METHODS: A descriptive qualitative research method was used in this study. Twelve patients were recruited through purposive sampling immediately after breast cancer surgery.RESULTS: Physical aspects (pain at the surgery site, reduction in the range of motion, and decrease in fitness), environmental aspects (difficulty in movement due to drain, lack of information on exercise), and psychological aspects (concerns about side effects, fear of pain, and fear of injury during exercise) were identified as barriers to exercise. Expectation of positive effects (recovery from surgery, prevention of lymphedema, usefulness for future radiation therapy, prevention of cancer recurrence, and health management) of exercise and social support (hospital education, support from medical staff, and exercise information received via mass media) were identified as facilitators of exercise.CONCLUSIONS: We recognized different barriers to exercise and facilitators of exercise among patients who recently underwent breast cancer surgery. Future exercise intervention studies should consider minimizing such barriers and maximizing the facilitators identified in our study.
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Aripova, Feruza, and Janet Elise Johnson. "The Ukrainian-Russian Virtual Flashmob against Sexual Assault." Journal of Social Policy Studies 16, no. 3 (September 29, 2018): 487–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/727-0634-2018-16-3-487-500.
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Feruza Aripova – PhD Candidate in World History, Northeastern University; Center Associate, Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies, Harvard University; Visiting Scholar, Jordan Center for the Advanced Study of Russia, New York University, USA. Email: aripova.f@husky.neu.edu
Janet Elise Johnson – Professor of Political Science and Women’s & Gender Studies, Brooklyn College, City University of New York; Visiting Scholar, Center for European and Mediterranean Studies at New York University, New York, USA. Email: Johnson@brooklyn.cuny.edu
This article examines the 2016 Ukrainian-Russian virtual flashmob that took on the issues of sexual assault, including childhood sexual abuse, sexual harassment, and rape. Begun by a Ukrainian activist on Facebook, the flashmob resulted in more than ten thousand original posts and led to a broader discussion on violence against women in Ukrainian and Russian. Many women (and some men) for the first time publicly disclosed excruciating details of physical and psychological coercion and the lasting trauma they suffered. The commonalities across the posts and the public visibility of the flashmob directly confronted the stigma attached to the topic of sexual violence. The media reactions to the flashmob ranged from empathy toward the victims and condemnation of the perpetrators to criticism of female promiscuity and victim blaming. The flashmob had concrete results: criminal cases were opened against teachers at one of Moscow’s prominent public schools and a series of initiatives were directed against sexual violence in Ukraine. This article provides the first systematic documentation and analysis of these posts as well as their reception in mass media and the impact so far of the flashmob, situating this flashmob as the same kind of activism that was seen in the bigger 2017 #MeToo campaign. In these ways, we contribute to what little social scientists know about violence against women in the post-Soviet region and assess this new tactic of feminist activism. Unsurprisingly, such activism does not change societies in one fell swoop, but the Ukrainian-Russian flashmob shows how virtual activism can nudge towards progressive change.
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Kozłowski, Tomasz. "Elementy transmisji protokulturowej w społeczeństwie konsumpcyjnym." Kultura i Społeczeństwo 55, no. 2-3 (May 10, 2011): 209–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.35757/kis.2011.55.2-3.11.
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The article aims at focusing attention at selected aspects of pop culture which may, from the point of view of evolutionary psychologists, be deemed approximate to animal proto-cultures and social systems observed among the three-year-olds, i.e. — people who have not yet developed a psychological skill called “theory of mind”. The Author tries to point out that elements of proto-culture in the time of pop -industry development gain on dominance, as a result of which the quality of culture creating processes as well as culture transmission processes may be different than, let’s say, fifty years ago. It is not only about the mass media, but it is most of all about deep psychological processes which are the basis for understanding the essence of culture and participation in culture. In other words, the author tries to argue that norms, ideas and values, i.e. what culture is made of in general — are understood and disseminated in ways which are different in quality from the ones prevailing in the past.
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Vokhrysheva, M. G. "Book in the media systeme." Bibliosphere, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.20913/1815-3186-2020-1-5-11.
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Book functioning in the modern society, called by the researchers not only as an information but also a media one, has changed. Book and media are considered as unique phenomena the essence of which being reflected in sense-filled notions. The aim of the article is to reveal the place of book in the media space. Its tasks are: 1) on the base of modern home and foreign dictionaries and encyclopedias to show the difference in approaches to definitions and expose the content of the concepts “book” and “media”; 2) to demonstrate the specifics of the book entering into contemporary media sphere both on the level of its transformation into new existence forms in the electronic environment and on the level of its being as an independent unit in the form of a printed book; 3) to establish the possible methodological approaches to the investigation of the problem and suggest the methodology of transdisciplinarity as the basic one. Methods used are: theoretical analysis and generalization, terminological analysis, transdisciplinary approach. The term “media” describes the whole sphere of activity (“media sphere”) in the centre of which are means of information and communication, social institutes, dealing with the content production and delivering it to the public. The book is included into this sphere transforming its form into a new electronic one and getting benefits through the variability ofelectronic resources, virtuality, a new language and communicative formats. A printed book with its great number of valuable properties, first of all ability to influence inner cognitive and psychological perception structures while reading faces significant difficulties in its publishing and dissemination; it’s transferred into the second row of information policy and mass cognition. Thus, it’s methodologically important to consider book in any form as a significant element in the modern media sphere. It’s promising to use the transdisciplinary approach to book research when it is studied not by aspects from the viewpoint of this or that discipline but as a whole using all acquired knowledge.
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Wahyuningsih, Sri. "The Role of Spiritual Approach in Family Parenting: A Study of Lecturers at Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kudus." KONSELING RELIGI Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Islam 10, no. 1 (June 26, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/kr.v10i1.4162.
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<p class="06IsiAbstrak">The number of hoax news, hate speeches, and acts of violence that are viral on social media can disrupt the physical, emotional and psychological development of children. This article mainly describes the role of spiritual approach in family parenting to children. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research method. The research subject is lecturers at IAIN Kudus. In-depth interviews were conducted to explore and collect data. The result denotes that family parenting had impacts on character, emotional, psychology, and physical development of children. The spiritual approach can be implemented in family parenting through several ways including the habituation of positive values and characters, role models, commitment and consistency from parents, positive communication between parents and children. Besides, parents can support and get involved in children’s activities through positive ways such as approximation, approval, and positive expression of parents towards children. Through the spiritual approach, children will be able to develop optimally both in the intellectual aspect (IQ) and emotional aspects (EQ).</p>
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Manzoor, Seema, Dua e. Rehma, and Naheed Abrar. "Qualitative Exploration Of Violence Against Women (VAW) Regarding Social And Cultural Trends Among Women In Pakistan." Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 16, no. 1 (March 8, 2018): 171–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v16i1.122.
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Violence against women (VAW) and women issues have appeared to be growing threat for women globally, especially violence against women are causing severe social and health problems due to social and cultural trends. Many researchers have been involved in conducting research so far, but root causes and solutions are not yet explored to eradicate the issue. This study is an attempt to provide a clear understanding of the qualitative exploration of violence against women regarding social and cultural trends among women in Pakistan. By using qualitative research method researcher has analyzed different factors and circumstances which these women are experiencing. For this purpose case studies research methods is used to analyze specific issues within the boundaries of a specific environment and situation, because case study research method is explanatory, descriptive and exploratory in nature. In this study five case studies are incorporated to access the history and current scenario regarding violence against women in Pakistan by using unstructured interview schedule. Two hospitals (private and government) were selected as a universe of the study, and the respondents were purposively selected for conducting interviews in detail. The findings of this study reveal that the respondents have faced many types of violence all through their life, which includes psychological and physical abuse by males within or outside the family, which includes hitting, slapping and shoving and other social evils like honor killing, rape, incest, acid throwing and burning and etc. It is about high time and the need of the time for media and health professionals along with the public sector to highlight the problems at mass level and to take up the challenge for appropriate actions to curtail highly prevailing social evil (VAW).
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Kornilova, Ksenia Aleksandrovna. "The activity of German law enforcement authorities in resolving the problem of political stability: counterterrorism aspects (2013-2018)." Конфликтология / nota bene, no. 3 (March 2020): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0617.2020.3.33418.
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This article examines the counterterrorism policy of Germany during the third term of Angela Merkel, when the spread of terrorist threat in the territory of Germany has increased. The subject of this research is the activity of law enforcement authorities in development and implementation of German counterterrorism policy strategy, which include preemptive and prevention measures, forcible methods, and share of intelligence between the departments. The goal of this work consists in analysis and assessment of the achievements and failures of counterterrorism policy of Germany. Neorealism served as the key approach used in the course of this research. The conclusion is made that successfully consolidated activity of Merkel’s government and law enforcement authorities led to decrease in the number of terrorist attacks and strengthening of political stability in Germany. For indicating achievements and problematic aspects of German counterterrorism activity during the indicated period, the author translated from German the reports of law enforcement authorities on the instances of violence and prevented terrorist attacks, as well as mass media materials testifying to successful prevention of terrorist attacks. The acquired materials can be valuable in teaching corresponding disciplines and within the framework of scientific research.
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Manko, O. V., and O. M. Naumchak. "APPROACH FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF PROTECTION OF MILITARY PERSONNEL FROM NEGATIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL INFLUENCE." Проблеми створення, випробування, застосування та експлуатації складних інформаційних систем, no. 17 (December 30, 2019): 110–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.46972/2076-1546.2019.17.10.
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The introduction of information and communication technologies in all spheres of human activity, including in the military, causes the emergence of a wide range of threats to information security. Among them, special place is occupied by threats of information and psychological character, which manifest themselves in the form of negative information influences on the psychological state. Such influences are realized with the help of information messages that are perceived by the person, and after processing their consciousness, they adjust their worldview: affirm or change beliefs, attitudes, principles. Particularly dangerous are the changes in the military serving in the Allied Forces in eastern Ukraine. The constant access of the personnel to the media creates the conditions for the realization of such threats. A set of destructive messages can lead to prolonged deviations from the normal psychological state of the serviceman and, as a consequence, impede the performance of functional duties. The urgent task is to develop an approach to the organization of protection against such influence.This paper analyzes the experience gained during the monitoring of the information space and describes the main methods for creating and disseminating materials with a negative information impact on the Armed Forces personnel. An approach to determining the level of negative information influence in the media is offered, which allows to quantify aspects of information confrontation and creates a theoretical basis for the development of automated complexes of support and decision making regarding the protection of personnel from negative information influence. Recommendations are given to ensure the protection of military personnel from destructive influence and formulate a general approach to its organization. Therefore, in order to achieve this goal, the tasks are solved in the following: analysis of ways and methods of implementation of negative information influences by the Russian Federation through mass media; study of experience in counteracting such influence by the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine and the Armed Forces of Ukraine; developing approaches to increase the effectiveness of such activities; making recommendations on the organization of protection of personnel involved in deterring Russia's aggression. The results obtained can be used in information operations to implement information space security measures.
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Chertovskikh, Olga, and Matvey Chertovskikh. "Artificial Intelligence in Modern Journalism: History, Facts, Prospects for Development." Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism 8, no. 3 (July 16, 2019): 555–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-6203.2019.8(3).555-568.
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The article focuses on the issue of introduction of AI technology into the modern journalism. The topic proves to be of relevant importance as both mass media and press services reveal their direct dependence on the technological development level of the human society. It means that any new relevant technology can change the whole system. The objective of the article is to research the issue of Artificial Intelligence introduction into the modern journalism. The authors consider the history of the “smart machines” creation. Furthermore, they describe the current situation in the sphere of journalism, bring some specific examples of the existing and the projected systems and highlight the areas of possible practical application and the development prospects. They also obtain information on the main principles of the operation, the algorithms, the goals and the capabilities of the machines. In addition, the authors consider the advantages and the risks of this state-of-the-art technology, analyze the cultural and the psychological aspects of its mass introduction, make predictions concerning the prospects for the further development of this sphere, consider different scenarios of its development and identify the challenges and the advantages for the profession of a journalist. In conclusion, the authors state that despite the fact that AI in journalism is a mass phenomenon, all the projects of the introduction of Artificial Intelligence are not currently posing a direct threat to the profession. However, the fact that the mass media of different countries are starting to actively apply AI in journalism, emphasizes the relevance and the importance of further research in this sphere.
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Huynh, Thi Thuy Giang, Tien Dung Luu, and Tuan Thanh Phung. "A fuzzy-set approach for multiple criteria decision making in sustainable consumption of organic food." Decision Science Letters 10, no. 3 (2021): 291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.dsl.2021.3.001.
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The study proposes a set of enablers of the consumer sustainable organic food consumption and detects the interrelationship between these attributes. This paper adopts the fuzzy set theory and decision-making trial and evaluation to explore the interrelationship between attributes, including consumer demographic aspect, psychological aspect, social-level aspect and stakeholder impact being explained through 13 criteria and being assessed by experts in the industry. The findings show that stakeholder impact and demographic aspect belong to a causal group and impact the other two aspects. The six most important attributes affecting sustainable consumption of organic foods are support and guidance from government support, mass media, education and research institutions, educational level, income status and consumer age. The study grants an alternative approach for sustainable consumption theory through providing a fuzzy-set theory for multiple criteria decisions making in sustainable consumption of organic food.
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Ivashchenko, Sergii. "Original research article. Interest of Young People in Maintaining an Optimal Regime of Impellent Activity." Physical Education and Sport Through the Centuries 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/spes-2016-0003.
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Summary Due to the fact, that general state of productive category of human physical abilities depends on the level of his physical activity, it is important to create favorable conditions for people to be engaged in popular kinds of sports. In turn, the level of physical fitness such category of people depends on their behavioral habits concerning individual regime of motion actions.In historical aspects this problem was investigated in order to reveal their modern tendencies and specific features. Was established that some social, economical and psychological factors have considerable influence on the process of physical development of people, living in our community.Besides, were discovered, that most of people are able to improve the mode of their physical activity with the purpose of improving the state of their health. So, it is very important to shape by mince of mass media systems public opinion about necessity of doing physical exercises systematically.