Academic literature on the topic 'Psychological, social and cultural experiences'
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Journal articles on the topic "Psychological, social and cultural experiences"
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Prepeliczay, Susanna. "Socio-Cultural and Psychological Aspects of Contemporary LSD use in Germany." Journal of Drug Issues 32, no. 2 (2002): 431–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204260203200207.
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The current study uses a qualitative methodology to investigate socio-cultural and psychological aspects involved in the use of LSD and comparable psychedelic substances. To date, 26 narrative interviews have been conducted with 12 female and 14 male users aged 19 to 53 years. The resulting data were subjected to content analysis in several thematic areas. Subjective reports of LSD use and experiences are considered among the complex interrelationship of drug effects, individual and environmental factors, as well as in comparison to the results reported in earlier research. Preliminary results suggest the use of LSD is largely independent of the “party drugs” scene, although its users do embrace elements of alternative lifestyles and subcultures. The majority of participants report their LSD experiences to be of great importance and to have intellectual relevance for their individuation process and personality development. Exploration of the self and the desire to experience profound changes in their perception of the world are reported as primary motives for LSD use, in addition to its hedonistic value. Individual backgrounds, knowledge and patterns of reaction are found to strongly influence the character of the drug effects that are experienced. Next to a wide range of extra-pharmacological factors, various methods for actively modifying LSD induced states were discovered to determine the general character of LSD experiences. These are discussed with regard to their implications for the development of suitable harm reduction concepts.
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Ellis, Basia D., and Sunil Bhatia. "Cultural psychology for a new era of citizenship politics." Culture & Psychology 25, no. 2 (2018): 220–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354067x18808760.
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In the current era of citizenship politics, both legal citizenship and cultural citizenship have become highly contested social categories and new bases for social discrimination. Psychological studies of migration thus need to consider more explicitly how shifting sociopolitical contexts shape migrant life opportunities and how migrants respond to their shifting circumstances. Cultural psychologists have much to contribute to this project given their focus on the ways cultural experiences are shaped at once by broader social determinants and the intentional acts of social agents who navigate diversely organized worlds. However, we argue that cultural psychologists need to integrate critical concepts into cultural psychological studies of migration to avoid both overlooking important determinants of migrant lives and inadvertently perpetuating social inequalities and discriminatory policies. Drawing upon qualitative research conducted with Polish “irregular” migrants in Canada and Sikh Americans, we show how critical concepts such as “illegalization,” “deportability,” and “cultural citizenship” can help expand cultural psychological inquiry to better understand contemporary immigrant experiences. We conclude with discipline-specific recommendations for building a cultural psychology fit for the study of migration in the 21st-century.
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Yu, Zhiyuan, and Barbara Bowers. "“Everything Is Greyscaled”: Immigrant Women’s Experiences of Postpartum Distress." Qualitative Health Research 30, no. 9 (2020): 1445–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732320914868.
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Postpartum distress increases the risk of developing mental disorders over a woman’s lifespan. Although immigrant women experience a high rate of postpartum depression, we know very little about the psychosocial experiences of postpartum distress in immigrant populations. No theories have been developed to account for the intersection of cultural and maternal transitions or the relationship of this dual transition to postpartum distress. Therefore, this study aims to generate a conceptual model for describing immigrant women’s experience of and social-psychological responses to postpartum distress. This study uses grounded theory to conduct and analyze interviews with 22 Chinese immigrant women who experienced postpartum distress. During their dual transitions, participants encountered many losses significant to their psychological self. The conceptual model of greyscaling and reviving the psychological self provides pathways to respond to these losses, assesses the pathways’ impact on experiencing distress, and offers strategies that resolve distress.
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Wahyuni, Dian Sri. "CULTURE SHOCK EXPERIENCES OF INDONESIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN TEACHING PRACTICE AND COMMUNITY SERVICE IN THAILAND." Abjadia 4, no. 2 (2019): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/abj.v4i2.6289.
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This study was designed to explore culture shock experiences faced by Indonesian university students in doing teaching practice and community service in southern border province Thailand, and to describe the strategies used to deal with cultural differences and problems. There were thirty eight students of university from twelve universities in Indonesia who responded to the open-ended questionnaires sent by the writer through google docs link. The data were analysed using grounded theory code as basis for the thematic analysis. The findings revealed that there were six culture shock experienced by Indonesian university students, namely: language and communication problems, life style and cultural differences, social support and making friends, positive experiences, academic problems, and psychological problems. The most dominant shock experience faced by Indonesian university students was positive experiences. As for the strategies to deal with cultural differences and problems, there were found four strategies used by Indonesian university students, namely: self-confidence and optimism, accepting new culture, seeking social support, and language training. The most strategy mentioned by Indonesian university students was accepting new culture.
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Tuisku, Katinka, and Pia Houni. "Experiences of Cultural Activities provided by the Employer in Finland." Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies 5, no. 1 (2015): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.19154/njwls.v5i1.4768.
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The increasing mental demands of healthcare work call for developing complementary health promotion strategies. Cultural leisure activities have long been recognized as a source of wellbeing and coping for employees. Yet, little is known about implementation of employer-provided cultural activities—how they are encountered and experienced. In this study, a public sector hospital department offered monthly cultural events for personnel: Theater, concerts, musicals, dance-performances, museum visits and sight-seeing. A digital questionnaire was sent to hospital staff (N = 769) to ask about their participation in employer-provided cultural activities during the past 6 months. The motives and obstacles for participation, and the quality of experience of the cultural events, were explored quantitatively and qualitatively. The main motives for participation were related to well-being, content of cultural events and invitations from employer or colleagues. For some, the participation was hampered by work-shifts and missing information. The participants experienced recreation, relaxation and psychological detachment from strain, which is essential for recovery. Community participation was more common than individual participation. Shared cultural experiences among employees may increase the social capital at workplace, but equal access for all employees should be guaranteed.
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Xinyin Chen and Hennis Chi-Hang Tse. "Social and psychological adjustment of Chinese Canadian children." International Journal of Behavioral Development 34, no. 4 (2010): 330–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025409337546.
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This study examined social and psychological adjustment of immigrant and Canadian-born Chinese children in Canada. Participants included a sample of elementary school children (N = 356, M age = 11 years). Data on social functioning, peer relationships, school-related social competence, perceived self-worth, and loneliness were collected from peer assessments, teacher ratings, and self-reports. The results indicated that immigrant and Canadian-born Chinese children had different experiences of social and psychological adjustment in the school. Among aspects of acculturation, English proficiency and participation in Chinese cultural activities were positively associated with social competence and negatively associated with adjustment problems, particularly in immigrant Chinese children. These results indicate the involvement of contextual factors in children’s social functioning and psychological well-being.
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Grzonka, Dariusz. "Lost Sensoria: Anthropological Research on Sensory Experience in the Context of Multiculturalism." Perspektywy Kultury 29, no. 2 (2020): 173–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35765/pk.2020.2902.13.
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Sensory experiences have generated a diverse sociological, anthropological and psychological literature. This paper illustrates an approach to the idea of lost sensoria and their social and cultural manifestations. Images of sensory experience, postulated synchronicity of sensory processes and the concept of ethnopoetics constitute a theoretical basis for the concept of lost sensory experience.
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Goff, Phillip Atiba, and Kimberly Barsamian Kahn. "HOW PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE IMPEDES INTERSECTIONAL THINKING." Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 10, no. 2 (2013): 365–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x13000313.
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AbstractPsychological science that examines racial and gender bias, primarily located within social psychology, has tended to discount the ways in which race and gender mutually construct each other. Lay conceptions of racial and gender discrimination tend to see racism as primarily afflicting men and sexism primarily afflicting White women, when in fact race and gender are interrelated and work together intersectionally. Ignoring women's experiences of racial discrimination produces androcentric conceptions of racisms—in other words, many definitions of racial discrimination are to some degree sexist (Goff et al., 2008). Similarly, privileging the experiences of White women produces narrow definitions of gender discrimination—in other words, many definitions of gender discrimination are to some degree racist, such that they serve to reinforce the current societal hierarchies. Psychological science sometimes appears to reflect such conceptions. The result is that the social science principally responsible for explaining individual-level biases has developed a body of research that can undervalue the experiences of non-White women (Goff et al., 2008). This article examines features of social psychological science and its research processes to answer a question suggested by this framing: is the current psychological understanding of racism, to some extent, sexist and the understanding of sexism, to some extent, racist? We argue here that the instruments that much of social psychological science uses to measure racial and gender discrimination may play a role in producing inaccurate understandings of racial and gender discrimination. We also present original experimental data to suggest that lay conceptions parallel social psychology's biases: with lay persons also assuming that racism is about Black men and sexism is about White women.2 Finally, we provide some suggestions to increase the inclusivity of psychology's study of discrimination as well as reasons for optimism in this area.
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Nashori, Fuad, and R. Rachmy Diana. "PENGALAMAN KEAGAMAAN PARA GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM." Psikis : Jurnal Psikologi Islami 4, no. 2 (2018): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.19109/psikis.v4i2.2394.
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This study intends to get an overview of the themes and processes of religious experience in Islamic religious education teachers. Data disclosure of research respondents, namely religious teachers, was carried out using in-depth interviews. The results showed that the research respondents had a variety of religious experiences, both physiological, social-psychological, parapsychological, and spiritual. Among the various experiences above, the most prominent theme is the themes of experience of the mind. Various spiritual experiences take place through a process that involves socio-cultural conditions, opportunities, difficulties and challenges of life, worship such as praying, tahajjud prayer, diligent prayer, timely prayer, positive behavior or attitude towards others, and the nearest social environment such as brothers, uncles / mother, and so on.
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Wesselmann, Eric D., and Kipling D. Williams. "Social life and social death: Inclusion, ostracism, and rejection in groups." Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 20, no. 5 (2017): 693–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1368430217708861.
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Humans are social animals and they depend upon social relationships to fortify their physical and psychological well-being. Various types of social experiences can threaten these relationships, making individuals feel excluded: separated from others physically or emotionally. Social exclusion experiences can be further broken down into two subcategories: rejection- and ostracism-based experiences. We provide a brief summary of the research on social exclusion, rejection, and ostracism, focusing particularly on theory and research on ostracism, given that is the primary focus of our research programs. We close with some key suggestions on how future research on different types of social exclusion can become increasingly integrated theoretically.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Psychological, social and cultural experiences"
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Nasseri, Mariam. "Psychological and social aspects of infertility and infertility treatment : the Persian experience." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2000. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/13375/.
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This pioneering investigation is based on a longitudinal research, expanding over a 3 year period, exploring the Psychological and Social aspects of infertility and infertility treatment on Persian (henceforth referred to as Iranian) infertile couples attending infertility clinics in Tehran. In phase 1 of the investigation an 85-item questionnaire in Farsi (Persian) was developed and validated, based on a four point Likert-type scale measuring the following factors: Psychological Distress, Social Extroversion, Marital Satisfaction, Attitudes Towards Modem Medicine and Religious Beliefs. In phase 2 of the investigation, lasting over a period of two years, the above 85-item questionnaire was administered at three time phases, namely: initial assessment (when patients first attended the clinic for the purpose of diagnosis of their problem), during In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) treatment (24 hours before egg collection), and a week after an unsuccessful treatment cycle. The same questionnaire was also administered to fertile couples (the control group) attending the clinics for routine and non-fertility related treatment at three time phases (about three weeks between each administration). The data from the patient group (n = 37 couples) and control group (n = 10 couples), together with data obtained from the general population (n = 197) i.e. those who responded to the items for the purpose of validating the questionnaire (norms), was subjected to statistical analysis. In comparison to norms and control group, infertile patients were more psychologically distressed. This finding is true for both men and women investigated. The degree of this psychological distress, however, is significantly greater for women than for men. Standard Multiple Regression Analyses of the infertile patients' data showed that the main predictors of psychological distress were gender, marital satisfaction, attitudes towards modem medicine, and religious beliefs. F or female patients, marital satisfaction was a significant predictor of their psychological distress. Marital satisfaction was the main contributing factor to the socially withdrawn behaviour of the patients. In phase 3 of the investigation, a year after data collection, examination of patients' notes showed that 7 out of the 37 infertile couples eventually had successful IVF with a term pregnancy. Results of a Stepwise Regression Analysis showed that the degree of psychological distress was the main predictor of pregnancy. In particular, couples who eventually conceived scored lower on psychological distress measures than those who did not. These findings are discussed in line with comparable reported literature on a mainly Western population, and implications of the findings for future research and counselling of infertile patients are outlined.
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Thalji, Nadia Khalil. "Homecoming in Liminal Times| Depth Psychological Perspectives on the Experience of Immigration." Thesis, Pacifica Graduate Institute, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10785558.
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<p> The purpose of this inquiry was to develop a depth psychological understanding of immigration as a liminal experience. The Free Association Narrative Interview (FANI) method derived meaning from the lived experiences of five recent immigrants from both Western and Eastern cultures. Emergent themes referenced the expanded understanding of immigration as a process of homecoming, perceived psychoanalytically as a transitional phenomenon; in Jungian terms, a transcendent one. Homecoming represented both a process of transformation and an area of experiencing as the individual came to terms with the liminal experience of immigration by integrating self-experience and bridging differences and similarities. Results offered a new view of a depth psychological approach to the phenomenon of immigration, suggesting an association between trauma and the loss of a sense of home, and the function of symbolization in the process of bridging differences and similarities, enabling psychic growth. Clinical implications included understanding the nature of the sense of loss of home, developing coping strategies for immigrants who see themselves as being in between worlds or homeless, and integrating immigrant clients into the new culture. Future research emphasized methodological considerations.</p><p>
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Hlokwe, Joy Katlego. "The psychological, social and cultural experiences of undergraduate international students at the University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus) : an afrocentric perspective." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2876.
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Thesis (M. A. (Psychology)) --University of Limpopo<br>This research investigated the psychological, social and cultural experiences of undergraduate international students at the University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus). The study was qualitative in nature with an exploratory research design. The research made use of purposive sampling. Data was collected through focus groups as it was an appropriate tool for collecting the in-depth experiences of international students registered at the University. There were four focus groups with six participants in each so the overall sample was twenty-four. The researcher sampled twelve females and twelve males to ensure gender representivity. Afrocentricity was used as theoretical framework underpinning the study. The data were analysed using Thematic content analysis (TCA). The following themes emerged out of an interpretation of data: Motivation; Discrimination; academic challenges; language barriers; sense of belonging; homesickness; avoidance, acculturation and shared African culture. International students experienced many challenges which resulted in loneliness and isolation. They also used negative defence mechanisms in order to cope in the new environment. Results indicated that there are divisions in terms of culture (both social and academic) in the University environment caused, in part, by the colonial partition of Africa. Conversely, elements of African culture that have survived the onslaught of colonialism (and in South Africa, apartheid) help bind international and peer host country students (and outside communities) together.
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Oramas, Laura A. "The Influence of Parental Aggression and Cultural Gender Role Beliefs on Hispanic College Women's Experiences with Psychological Aggression." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2210.
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Psychological aggression is present in as many as 89-97% of college women’s intimate relationships (Cercone, Beach, & Arias, 2005; Riggs & O’Leary, 1996). Victimization has been linked to negative physical and mental health consequences including depression, anxiety, and chronic pain (Coker, Smith, Bethea, King, & McKeown, 2000; Derrick, Testa, & Leonard, 2014; Pico-Alfonso et al., 2006). Psychological aggression also serves as a risk factor for future or continued physical intimate partner violence (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2014), which can result in bruises, broken bones, or in extreme cases, even death. Parental modeling of appropriate relationship behaviors may be an important factor in young adult women’s learning how to behave in their own intimate relationships. Studies have produced mixed results when assessing the role of engendered cultural influences on this phenomenon, with many reporting that women holding traditional gender role beliefs are at an increased risk for experiencing relationship aggression (Brownridge, 2002; CDC, 2014; Eaton & Matamala, 2014; Fitzpatrick, Salgado, Suvak, King, & King, 2004). The current dissertation seeks to investigate the roles of traditional, culturally informed gender role beliefs in the intergenerational modeling of psychological aggression in Hispanic college women’s intimate relationships. A total of 687 students from a large Hispanic Serving Institution (HSI) in the southeastern United States participated in this study. The results of Study 1 showed that parental use of psychological aggression and participants’ beliefs consistent with caballerismo influenced Hispanic college women’s victimization in their intimate relationships. The results of Study 2 indicated that parental use of psychological aggression, participants’ beliefs consistent with marianismo, and participants’ beliefs sanctioning their own use of psychological aggression toward their boyfriends significantly influenced Hispanic college women’s perpetration of this type of aggression in their intimate relationships. The findings from this dissertation are important as few studies have examined intimate partner violence or conflict strategies in Hispanic college populations, despite the fact that they constitute the largest group of ethnic minority women on campuses today (Fry, 2011). Further, they contribute to our ability to effectively critique traditional gender beliefs used to examine Hispanic women’s behavioral and psychological outcomes.
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Foster, Lucy Jane. "Social and psychological experiences of obese young people." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402362.
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Miller, Raymond Jeffery. "The relationship experiences of single people : attachment, social support and psychological adjustment /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16466.pdf.
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Ladum, Ariel Mitchell. "Cultural Distance, Acculturative Stress, Social Support, and Psychological Adaptation of International Students." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6346.
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International students experience stress and adaptation difficulties as they study in a new culture. This study examined how cultural distance, acculturative stress, and social support interacted to influence positive and negative emotional responses among international students in the northern part of Cyprus. Acculturation models and the stress-buffering hypothesis served as theoretical frameworks. The 2 research questions involved understanding whether international students experienced more negative emotional responses compared to students from the home culture and whether social support moderated acculturative stress and reactions to being in the northern part of Cyprus. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine differences in emotional reactions between home and international students while 2 hierarchical multiple regressions examined the moderation hypotheses. ANOVA results indicated that Turkish-Cypriots had more positive emotional responses than international students. Results did not support social support as a moderator for either international students' acculturative stress or their emotional reactions. However, results suggested that unmet expectations, less financial satisfaction, and less social support predicted acculturative stress, while being in a relationship, having higher Turkish proficiency, having unmet expectations, and experiencing higher acculturative stress predicted more negative emotional reactions. These results may help universities design programs to support the psychological adaptation of international students, which could ultimately facilitate student retention.
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Henriksgård, Madelene. "International students´ experiences of cultural differences in Sweden." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20999.
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Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka internationella studenters motivationsfaktorer för att studera utomlands och deras val av Malmö högskola, Sverige. Uppsatsen undersöker kulturella skillnader som de internationella studenterna upplever när de studerar i Sverige och om de upplever att deras kulturella identitet förstärks eller försvagas. Uppsatsen baseras på en induktiv, kvalitativ metod. För att få en djupare förståelse av de internationella studenternas situation och erfarenheter utfördes både individuella intervjuer och gruppintervjuer. I teoriavsnittet definieras begreppen kultur, kulturell identitet och interkulturell kommunikation samt begreppen asserted respektive assigned identitet och thick respektive thin identitet. Studiens resultat visade hur olika motivationsfaktorer påverkade de internationella studenternas val att studera utomlands, att kulturella skillnader blev tydliga genom vardagliga möten i det svenska samhället och på högskolan, och att studenternas kulturella identiteter visade sig vara mer markerade under studenternas vistelse i Sverige. Jag menar att en ny omgivning påverkar de internationella studenterna, och att deras kultur och kulturella identiteter blir mer påtagliga.<br>The research study aims at exploring the relationship between international students’ motivational factors to study abroad and the choice of Malmö University, Sweden, considering each student’s main “push” and “pull” factors. The research study seeks to examine the international students’ experiences of cultural differences while studying in Sweden. Furthermore, the study investigates whether the international students cultural identity are being reinforced or weakened. Not much previous research on international students´ motivations, cultural differences and cultural identity has been done; however, some related researches provided me with knowledge and acted as guidelines for the research study. The research study is based on an inductive, qualitative research method, and the data was collected through semi-structured and focus group interviews. In respect of the implications to define culture and cultural identity the data will be explored through a theoretical framework of intercultural communication and the theory of asserted and assigned identity and thick and thin identity, respectively. The findings of the research study showed different motivational factors affecting the international students’ reason to choose study outside their origin country. The cultural differences experienced were explained as being caused by everyday encounters in the Swedish society and educational system. The students studied experienced that their cultural belonging became more evident as they were living in Sweden. I believe that an unfamiliar social surrounding, along with the circumstance of being international students in a society that is different from the one at home, make culture and cultural identity more important and evident to the people living there.
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Holleb, Lauren J. "Social Withdrawal During Middle Childhood: An Exploration of Social Information Processing, Friendship Experiences, and Psychological Adjustment." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2011. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/HollebL2011.pdf.
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Mpezeni, Stella. "Community experiences of persons with lower extremity amputation in Malawi." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7034.
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Magister Scientiae (Physiotherapy) - MSc(Physio)<br>Persons with lower limb amputations (LLA) experience different challenges in
the community. These challenges include the physical, psychological and social
function of an individual. Little is known in Malawi on what persons with
lower limb amputations go through in the communities where they live.
Therefore, the study aimed at exploring and determining community experiences
of persons with LLA in Malawi. The study sought to address the following
objectives: 1) To determine the functional and psychological status of persons
with LLA in the community; 2) To explore and describe experiences on social
participation of persons with LLA in the community; 3). To explore experiences
on community re-integration following LLA.
Books on the topic "Psychological, social and cultural experiences"
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Zlotnikova, Tat'yana. Interdisciplinary discourse of culture (philosophical-psychological and socio-cultural methodology). INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1002008.
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The textbook actualizes interdisciplinary discourse as a principle of studying cultural experience in its versatility (creative personality and features of its activity; the existence of artistic culture in the society of different epochs, including in the modern world; Russia-specific problems of artistic influences: absurdity, totalitarianism). The material is presented on the basis of philosophical, psychological and social methodology, based on art criticism ideas. The author's concept of the publication is based on a non — trivial choice of analyzed cultural phenomena corresponding to the triad "man- chronotope — culture".
 The publication can be used to deepen the theoretical positions studied in accordance with the new state educational standard for social and humanitarian specialties in compulsory and elective courses.
 It is intended for students of universities and pedagogical universities, universities of culture and art: cultural scientists, historians, sociologists, philologists, art historians, graduate students in the Humanities and teachers.
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Donelson, Elaine. Women's experiences: A psychological perspective. Brooks/Cole Pub. Co., 1995.
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Cultural processes: A social psychological perspective. Cambridge University Press, 2011.
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Healing dramas and clinical plots: The narrative structure of experience. Cambridge University Press, 1998.
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Cohen, Elizabeth Storr, and Margaret Louise Reeves, eds. The Youth of Early Modern Women. Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462984325.
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Through fifteen essays that work from a rich array of primary sources, this collection makes the novel claim that early modern European women, like men, had a youth. European culture recognised that, between childhood and full adulthood, early modern women experienced distinctive physiological, social, and psychological transformations. Drawing on two mutually shaped layers of inquiry — cultural constructions of youth and lived experiences — these essays exploit a wide variety of sources, including literary and autobiographical works, conduct literature, judicial and asylum records, drawings, and material culture. The geographical and temporal ranges traverse England, Ireland, Italy, France, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Spain, and Mexico from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. This volume brings fresh attention to representations of female youth, their own life writings, young women’s training for adulthood, courtship, and the emergent sexual lives of young unmarried women.
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Toller, Joan C. Friendships: Types, cultural, psychological and social aspects. Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2010.
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Yong, Arthur B. W. Chinese settlement in Darebin: First-hand cultural experiences. North Eastern Melbourne Chinese Association, 2003.
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Ratner, Carl. Cultural psychology: A perspective on psychological functioning. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2006.
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Slow travel and tourism: Experiences and mobilities. Channel View Publications, 2012.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Psychological, social and cultural experiences"
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Hartig, Terry, Agnes E. van den Berg, Caroline M. Hagerhall, et al. "Health Benefits of Nature Experience: Psychological, Social and Cultural Processes." In Forests, Trees and Human Health. Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9806-1_5.
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Johnston-Robledo, Ingrid, and Joan C. Chrisler. "The Menstrual Mark: Menstruation as Social Stigma." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_17.
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Abstract In this theoretical paper, we argue that menstruation is a source of social stigma for women. The word stigma refers to any stain or mark that renders the individual’s body or character defective. This stigma is transmitted through powerful socialization agents in popular culture such as advertisements and educational materials. We demonstrate, in our review of the psychological literature concerning attitudes and experiences of predominantly American girls and women, that the stigmatized status of menstruation has important consequences for their health, sexuality, and well-being. We argue that the stigma of menstruation both reflects and contributes to women’s lower social status and conclude with suggestions for ways to resist the stigma.
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Lamba, Nishtha, and Vasanti Jadva. "Indian Surrogates: Their Psychological Well-Being and Experiences." In Cross-Cultural Comparisons on Surrogacy and Egg Donation. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78670-4_9.
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Aberson, Christopher L. "Diversity Experiences and Intergroup Attitudes." In The Psychology of Social and Cultural Diversity. Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444325447.ch8.
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Miller, Joan G. "The Cultural Grounding of Social Psychological Theory." In Blackwell Handbook of Social Psychology: Intraindividual Processes. Blackwell Publishers Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470998519.ch2.
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Saari, Timo, and Marko Turpeinen. "Towards Psychological Customization of Information for Individuals and Social Groups." In Designing Personalized User Experiences in eCommerce. Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2148-8_3.
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Pritchard, Erin. "Cultural representations of people with dwarfism and the social consequences." In Dwarfism, Spatiality and Disabling Experiences. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003026051-5.
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Fung, Heidi. "Cultural Psychological Perspectives on Social Development in Childhood." In The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Childhood Social Development. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444390933.ch6.
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Klibert, Jeff, and Brianna Allen. "Taking a Strengths-Based Approach to Address Discrimination Experiences in a Clinical Context." In Theoretical Approaches to Multi-Cultural Positive Psychological Interventions. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20583-6_2.
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Wu, Peggy, Jacquelyn Morie, J. Benton, et al. "Social Maintenance and Psychological Support Using Virtual Worlds." In Social Computing, Behavioral-Cultural Modeling and Prediction. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05579-4_48.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Psychological, social and cultural experiences"
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Lee, Yuk Yee Karen, and Kin Yin Li. "THE LANDSCAPE OF ONE BREAST: EMPOWERING BREAST CANCER SURVIVORS THROUGH DEVELOPING A TRANSDISCIPLINARY INTERVENTION FRAMEWORK IN A JIANGMEN BREAST CANCER HOSPITAL IN CHINA." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact003.
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"Breast cancer is a major concern in women’s health in Mainland China. Literatures demonstrates that women with breast cancer (WBC) need to pay much effort into resisting stigma and the impact of treatment side-effects; they suffer from overwhelming consequences due to bodily disfigurement and all these experiences will be unbeneficial for their mental and sexual health. However, related studies in this area are rare in China. The objectives of this study are 1) To understand WBC’s treatment experiences, 2) To understand what kinds of support should be contained in a transdisciplinary intervention framework (TIP) for Chinese WBC through the lens that is sensitive to gender, societal, cultural and practical experience. In this study, the feminist participatory action research (FPAR) approach containing the four cyclical processes of action research was adopted. WBC’s stories were collected through oral history, group materials such as drawings, theme songs, poetry, handicraft, storytelling, and public speech content; research team members and peer counselors were involved in the development of the model. This study revealed that WBC faces difficulties returning to the job market and discrimination, oppression and gender stereotypes are commonly found in the whole treatment process. WBC suffered from structural stigma, public stigma, and self-stigma. The research findings revealed that forming a critical timeline for intervention is essential, including stage 1: Stage of suspected breast cancer (SS), stage 2: Stage of diagnosis (SD), stage 3: Stage of treatment and prognosis (ST), and stage 4: Stage of rehabilitation and integration (SRI). Risk factors for coping with breast cancer are treatment side effects, changes to body image, fear of being stigmatized both in social networks and the job market, and lack of personal care during hospitalization. Protective factors for coping with breast cancer are the support of health professionals, spouses, and peers with the same experience, enhancing coping strategies, and reduction of symptom distress; all these are crucial to enhance resistance when fighting breast cancer. Benefit finding is crucial for WBC to rebuild their self-respect and identity. Collaboration is essential between 1) Health and medical care, 2) Medical social work, 3) Peer counselor network, and 4) self-help organization to form the TIF for quality care. The research findings are crucial for China Health Bureau to develop medical social services through a lens that is sensitive to gender, societal, cultural, and practical experiences of breast cancer survivors and their families."
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Ferrante, Lucrezia, Claudia Venuleo, and Simone Rollo. "PROBLEMATIC INTERNET USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS AND THE VIEW OF CONTEXT: A PLS-STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODEL." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact020.
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"The idea of Internet use as a way to face psychosocial malaise is growing in the scientific literature about Problematic Internet Use (PIU). The present study, assuming the Semiotic Cultural Psycho-social Theory (SCPT) (Salvatore, 2018) as theoretical framework, postulates and emphasizes that the context in which the subject is embedded provide the symbolic resources, which ground the way adolescents perceive, experience, and therefore deal with the material and social world, including the likelihood of using the Internet as a way to facing life problems and difficulties. SCTP adopts the term “Symbolic Universes” (SU) to denote affect-laden assumptions concerning the world which may (or not) promote adaptive responses. Specifically, the present study aimed to test a mediation model in which each Symbolic Universes (i.e. independent variable) is associated with the psychosocial malaise in terms of social anxiety, loneliness, and negative emotions (i.e. mediator variable), which in turn has effects on PIU (i.e. dependent variable). Measures of PIU (GPIUS), symbolic universes (VOC), negative affect (PANAS), social anxiety (IAS), loneliness (ILs) among a total of 764 Southern Italy youths aged from 13 to 19 (mean age =15.05 ± 1.152). A Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) was firstly run to detect SU; a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was then performed on R for testing the hypothesized mediation model. The results demonstrated that Symbolic Universes characterized by anomie and unreliability of the social context are associated with adolescents’ PIU though the mediation of social anxiety, loneliness, and negative emotions. Overall, findings suggest that within an anomic and unreliable scenario, PIU might acquire the meaning of a way to face life in an environment that seems meaningless, uncertain, and detrimental. On the plane of intervention, this points to the need for programs that address social and cultural influences in youths’ Internet use."
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O'Hara, Lily, Bayan Alajaimi, and Bayan Alshowaikh. "Experiences of Weight-based Oppression in Qatar." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0187.
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Introduction: Weight-based oppression is a widespread phenomenon in Western countries. External sources of weight-based oppression include exposure to stigmatizing or exclusionary social, cultural, economic, political and built environments, weight bias and discrimination, and weight-based bullying and violence. Internal sources of weight-based oppression are the internalized negative attitudes, values and beliefs people hold about body weight. Weight-based oppression is associated with a range of psychological, physiological and behavioral harms such as depression, anxiety, disordered eating, hypertension, allostatic load, cortisol reactivity and oxidative stress. Research on weight-based oppression is largely absent from the Arab region. The objectives of the study were to examine the internalized attitudes, values and beliefs related to body weight, and experiences of external weight based oppression, including teasing, bullying, stigmatization, and discrimination among staff, faculty and students at Qatar University. Methods: We conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with 29 participants (25 females) aged 18 to 53 years who were recruited using convenience and snowball sampling. Thematic analysis was used to identify major themes. Results: Internal and external weight-based oppression were experienced by all participants and regarded as so common in Arabic culture as to be normative. There were five major themes that related to the various types of weight based oppression experiences, internalized feelings about weight based oppression, and the timing, source and impact of weight based oppression. Conclusion: Weight-based oppression in the Arab region is an important and unrecognized public health issue. Programs should be developed to reduce exposure to weightbased oppression in all sectors. Reducing teasing, bullying and negative experiences related to body weight in childhood should be a public health priority.
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Shapovalov, V. К., I. F. Igropulo, M. M. Аrutyunyan, and E. V. Khokhoeva. "Psychological and pedagogical features of development of nonformal social-entrepreneural education in the north caucasus." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL ONLINE CONFERENCE. Знание-М, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38006/907345-50-8.2020.708.723.
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The current situation in the North Caucasus is characterized by a high level of social tension, the severity of socio-economic problems, the solution of which is possible on the basis of the potential of social entrepreneurship. The lack of a scientifically based methodological and theoretical basis for teaching social entrepreneurship in the system of non-formal education is a constraining factor in the rapid, holistic development of social entrepreneurship in the republics of the North Caucasus. The aim of the study is to analyze the content-structural and technological features of informal social and entrepreneurial education. The research methodology is based on the application of the basic ideas of system-activity, ecosystem, axiological, andragogical and competency-based approaches. When solving research problems, methods of a comparative analysis of scientific literature on the problem of social entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial education, methods of comparing and summarizing scientific and theoretical results and empirical information were used. The analysis of the experience in the region allowed the authors to identify and present the characteristics of the psychological and pedagogical features of informal social and entrepreneurial education in the North Caucasus: – strategic orientation of non-formal social and entrepreneurial education on advancing social transformations in the region; institutionalization of the system of social and cultural norms that promote the development and support of social entrepreneurship as a factor in youth self-employment, its involvement in innovative socio-educational practices; – axiological potential of non-formal social and entrepreneurial education: the formation of students’ sustained interest in socially oriented entrepreneurial activity; systematic development of their entrepreneurial competencies; – openness of non-formal social and entrepreneurial education: strengthening the relationship of subjects of social and entrepreneurial education in the regions with the external sociocultural environment, actively involving existing social entrepreneurs in the development of the local entrepreneurial community based on the values of the public good, taking into account dynamic social changes in a wide regional and global context. An analysis of the results allows us to conclude that the development of nonformal social and entrepreneurial education involves the widespread use of interactive educational technologies in the formation of applied entrepreneurial competencies of students, the establishment of a new style of interaction of social entrepreneurs based on trust, resource sharing, value-semantic coordination of ideas and approaches to innovative development of the republics North Caucasus.
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Kaczmarek, Bożydar L. J. "The embodied brain: cultural aspects of cognition." In 2nd International Neuropsychological Summer School named after A. R. Luria “The World After the Pandemic: Challenges and Prospects for Neuroscience”. Ural University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.15.
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Our thinking is grounded in our sensory, motor, affective, and interpersonal experience. Recent psychological studies confirmed that our cognition is not only embodied but also embedded since it arises from interactions with its social and cultural environments, which makes it possible to create image schemas and conceptual metaphors. Those schemas facilitate acting in everyday, routine situations, but make it difficult to depart from them since they are frames that limit our ability to see the alternatives. They are intricately linked to our world view and, therefore, resistant to changes because the latter threaten the feeling of security. This paper is aimed at evaluating people’s ability to change the existing schema. In the study, participants were asked to create a completely new story based on two well.known stories in which they had previously inserted the missing words. It was found that most participants exhibited considerable difficulties in departing from the formerly established schemas. Moreover, the emotionally loaded story proved to be more difficult to change.
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Novikova, Tatiana. "Discourse of Parenthood in the Space of Contemporary Sociocultural Reality." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-18.
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Under the modern sociocultural reality, parenthood is highly prioritised among the issues of education of children and their integration into the social space. The positioning of parenthood in the framework of public discourse suggests a so-called ‘parenthood turn’ where parenthood is the key to understanding and addressing the widest range of issues related to the social identity of personality. The purpose of this article is to examine the main parenthood implementation patterns existing in the space of contemporary culture, and to research into publicity and privacy in the context of each of the concerned patterns. The methodological basis of the study is represented by systemic, ethno-psychological, and phenomenological approaches allowing us to analyse the parenthood phenomenon in terms of super-individual and subjective-personal determination, and to highlight discursive parenthood patterns implementable within the space of contemporary culture. The article covers such concepts as ‘traditional’ and ‘contemporary’ parenthood. The main markers characterising these concepts have been presented. The mobility of the modern sociocultural reality, the transparency of national and cultural boundaries sets a number of prerequisites that change the sociocultural perception of parenthood. As transmittable within the framework of public discourse, these prerequisites at the level of personal choice are implementable throughout the range of possible patterns of parenthood. The diversity and variability of the parenthood experience implementation implies the extension of boundaries of parenthood normativity in culture. That said, the normativity criteria shall be set up both on the basis of external social-demographic, economical, and other prerequisites, and much more on the maturity of inner attitudes of the parent understanding and accepting the permanency of the parenthood experience, and taking on the responsibility for the freedom assumed under this permanency.
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Zlotnikova, Tatyana. "Power in Russia: Modus Vivendi and Artis Imago." In Russian Man and Power in the Context of Dramatic Changes in Today’s World, the 21st Russian scientific-practical conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 12–13, 2019). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-rmp-2019-pc02.
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Contemporary Russian socio-cultural, cultural and philosophical, socio psychological, artistic and aesthetic practices actualize the Russian tradition of rejection, criticism, undisguised hatred and fear of power. Today, however, power has ceased to be a subject of one-dimensional denial or condemnation, becoming the subject of an interdisciplinary scientific discourse that integrates cultural studies, philosophy, social psychology, semiotics, art criticism and history (history of culture). The article provides theoretical substantiation and empirical support for the two facets of notions of power. The first facet is the unique, not only political, but also mental determinant of the problem of power in Russia, a kind of reflection of modus vivendi. The second facet is the artistic and image-based determinant of problem of power in Russia designated as artis imago. Theoretical grounds for solving these problems are found in F. Nietzsche’s perceptions of the binary “potentate-mass” opposition, G. Le Bon’s of the “leader”, K.-G. Jung’s of mechanisms of human motivation for power. The paper dwells on the “semiosis of power” in the focus of thoughts by A. F. Losev, P. A. Sorokin, R. Barthes. Based on S. Freud’s views of the unconscious and G. V. Plekhanov’s and J. Maritain’s views of the totalitarian power, we substantiate the concept of “the imperial unconscious”. The paper focuses on the importance of the freedom motif in art (D. Diderot and V. G. Belinsky as theorists, S. Y. Yursky as an art practitioner). Power as a subject of influence and object of analysis by Russian creators is studied on the material of perceptions and creative experience of A. S. Pushkin (in the context of works devoted to Russian “impostors” by numerous authors). Special attention is paid to the early twenty-first century television series on Soviet rulers (Stalin, Khrushchev, Brezhnev, Furtseva). The conclusion is made on the relevance of Pushkin’s remark about “living power” “hated by the rabble” for contemporary Russia.
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Rogulska, Aleksandra. "TEMPORARY CULTURAL FACILITIES AS AN ELEMENT OF REBUILDING STRATEGIES FOR CITIES AFFECTED BY EARTHQUAKES." In GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b2/v2/35.
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The Apennine Peninsula is one of the most densely-populated and most seismically active regions of Europe, possessing a wealth of cultural heritage. Historical cities and buildings are a part of this heritage. The earthquake damage prevention programme implemented in Italy does not cover existing buildings, and reconstruction plans for damaged cities, because of the threat's specificity, are always prepared after a disaster. In the case of heritage buildings, particularly those of super-local significance, decisions involving a complete reconstruction of their original form are typically made, erasing all traces of the tragedy. Reconstruction can take years, during which society is left without cultural facilities that are key to good morale. Opportunities provided by the phase between a disaster and restoring the buildings are too often underappreciated, while the time spent making the decision what and how to rebuild should be spent on action. Strategies involving temporary buildings allow to prevent the disappearance of public functions during the period preceding the reconstruction of major cultural facilities. These buildings should be designed as resilient, assuming a capacity to adapt to changing conditions and upholding or rapidly returning to a functional state after a disaster. They can enable the time between the disaster and making the decision about reconstruction to be used to identify and test new relations in the surroundings created through the loss of a section of substance. They provoke a debate about what must be rebuilt and at what cost, they facilitate understanding of the goals of a planned reconstruction. But most importantly, they sustain the genius loci, in order to affect the city's reconstruction process in its social, psychological and economic aspects. By analysing temporary cultural facilities built in Italian cities damaged by earthquakes, the study discusses methods of building temporary public buildings and features an attempt at assessing interventions that precede reconstruction. Based on the experiences of the city of L'Aquila severely damaged in 2009 and drawing conclusions from mistakes made during the implementation of pre-reconstruction strategies in the town, the author developed a proposal of a temporary intervention for the Basilica of St. Benedict of Nursia, which collapsed on the 30th of October 2016 as an effect of the Amatrice-Visso-Norcia seismic sequence. The proposal stresses the preservation of the previous function of the complex at its original site. This is meant to maintain the occupancy of Norcia's centre by the Benedictine monks, whose tradition is strongly linked with the city and makes it a major pilgrimage destination that is important to Christians.
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Hellen dos Santos Clemente Damascen, Cláudia, Indiara Viana Ribeiro Ajame, Lara Rodrigues dos Santos Cesário, Shirles Bernardo Gome, and Bianca Gomes da Silva Muylaert Monteiro de Castro. "Human Rights Education: raising awareness of rights as a prevention of bullying in schools." In 7th International Congress on Scientific Knowledge. Perspectivas Online: Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25242/8876113220212371.
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Educational institutions consist of spaces for interaction and sociability, therefore, these spaces are composed of a multiplicity of people, each with their individualities, being, therefore, a locus of coexistence with diversity and of creating access opportunities for the equalization of opportunities. From this perspective, research on Human Rights Education means directing citizens in the fight for their rights and for a fairer society, as a form of full realization of citizenship. This research, at first, discusses the various forms of violence that occur in youth, especially those that occur in the school space, highlighting the causes and consequences of physical, psychological, symbolic violence and one of the most worrying in the world scenario: the " bullying". The general objective is to verify the existence and manifestations of violence in the school environment among students, teachers, managers and employees to understand the relationship that young people have with their peers, identifying the forms of violence called "bullying" that occur in the environment in an attempt to reflect on how such practices can be fought through Human Rights Education. Therefore, the methodology used will be qualiquantitative and will consist of a literature review, which will aim to situate human rights and bullying as objects in the field of socio-legal studies. Documentary analysis of laws dealing with human rights and education will be carried out, as well as field research, through which the questionnaire will be used as a data collection instrument to understand the perception of high school students about bullying and the disrespect for differences. The work will also involve quantitative analysis in the analysis of data to verify the incidence of bullying, its modalities and how Human Rights Education can contribute to respecting and valuing differences. With the completion of this research, it is expected to provide educators and students of educational institutions, an analysis of the importance of forming a culture of respect for human dignity, diversity, multiplying information and experiences that contribute to participatory awareness, rethinking the citizen reality of the population involved and reinforcing the socio-political-cultural identity of social segments and groups, based on the school reality and on Human Rights Education
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Mukaromah, Nahdiyatul. "Adolescent Response on Menarche: A Scoping Review." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.03.
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ABSTRACT Background: Menarche (first menstrual period) is a sign of physical maturity in adolescent girls, which has an impact in the future, both from a psychological and socio-cultural perspective on adolescents. Menarche provides different responses and emotions to adolescent; this is due to differences in preparation for dealing with menarche. Scoping review aims to overview the menarche acceptance among adolescent. Subjects and Method: This was a scoping review study using the Arksey & O’Malley framework with 5 stages, including: identifying scoping review questions, identifying relevant articles using databased including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and EBSCO. This study using gray literature, selecting relevant articles using inclusion and exclusion criteria, mapping data charting and compiling, summarizing and producing a review report. Results: There were 6 articles selected using the Hawker assessment checklist tools. Articles obtained were using qualitative methods. The article selected in this study were based on the methodology, year of publication, and the participants used in the article. Two major themes that emerged as a result of the scoping review were knowledge and attitude. Conclusion: The acceptance of menarche among adolescents will differ depending on the information and support environment for adolescents. The acceptance of menarche in adolescents was still need an attention from health workers, families, and teachers. The provision of pre-menarche health education before adolescent reach menarche is important. So that adolescents are better prepared to gain good experiences and perceptions. Keywords: acceptance, menarche, adolescence, scoping review Correspondence: Nahdiyatul Mukaromah. Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Jl. Siliwangi, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Email: nadianad996@gmail.com. Mobile: 085880451711 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.03
Reports on the topic "Psychological, social and cultural experiences"
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Sultana, Munawar. Culture of silence: A brief on reproductive health of adolescents and youth in Pakistan. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy19.1006.
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Previous research on the reproductive health of adolescents and youth in Pakistan has not addressed the diversity of adolescent experiences based on social status, residence, and gender. To understand the transition from adolescence to adulthood more fully, it is important to assess social, economic, and cultural aspects of that transition. This brief presents the experience of married and unmarried young people (males and females) from different social strata and residence regarding their own attitudes and expectations about reproductive health. More young people aged 15–24 live in Pakistan now than at any other time in its history—an estimated 36 million in 2004. Recognizing the dearth of information on this large group of young people, the Population Council undertook a nationally representative survey from October 2001 to March 2002. The analysis presented here comes from Adolescents and Youth in Pakistan 2001–02: A Nationally Representative Survey. The survey sought information from youth aged 15–24, responsible adults in the household, and other community members in 254 communities. A total of 6,585 households were visited and 8,074 young people were interviewed.
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Price, Roz. Nature-based Solutions (NbS) – What are They and What are the Barriers and Enablers to Their Use? Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.098.
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This rapid review examines literature around Nature-based Solutions (NbS), what are NbS, the pros and cons of NbS, design and implementation issues (including governance, indigenous knowledge), finance and the enabling environment. The breadth of NbS and the evidence base means that this rapid review only provides a snapshot of the information available, and therefore does not consider all types of NbS, nor all sectors that they have been used in. Considering this limited scope, this report highlights many issues, some of which are that Covid-19 has highlighted the importance of NbS, Pros of NbS include the low cost compared to infrastructure alternatives; the flexibility in addressing multiple climate challenges; potential co-benefits such as better water quality, improved health, cultural benefits, biodiversity conservation. The literature also notes the cons of NbS including slow adaptation or co-benefits, very context specific making effectiveness difficult to measure and many of the benefits are non-monetary and hard to measure. The literature consulted suggest a number of knowledge gaps in the evidence base for NbS effectiveness including lack of: robust and impartial assessments of current NbS experiences; site specific knowledge of field deployment of NbS; timescales over which benefits are seen and experienced; cost-effectiveness of interventions compared to or in conjunction with alternative solutions; and integrated assessments considering broader social and ecological outcomes
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London, Jonathan. Outlier Vietnam and the Problem of Embeddedness: Contributions to the Political Economy of Learning. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/062.
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Recent literature on the political economy of education highlights the role of political settlements, political commitments, and features of public governance in shaping education systems’ development and performance around learning. Vietnam’s experiences provide fertile ground for the critique and further development of this literature including, especially, its efforts to understand how features of accountability relations shape education systems’ performance across time and place. Globally, Vietnam is a contemporary outlier in education, having achieved rapid gains in enrolment and strong learning outcomes at relatively low levels of income. This paper proposes that beyond such felicitous conditions as economic growth and social historical and cultural elements that valorize education, Vietnam’s distinctive combination of Leninist political commitments to education and high levels of societal engagement in the education system often works to enhance accountability within the system in ways that contribute to the system’s coherence around learning; reflecting the sense and reality that Vietnam is a country in which education is a first national priority. Importantly, these alleged elements exist alongside other features that significantly undermine the system’s coherence and performance around learning. These include, among others, the system’s incoherent patterns of decentralization, the commercialization and commodification of schooling and learning, and corresponding patterns of systemic inequality. Taken together, these features of education in Vietnam underscore how the coherence of accountability relations that shape learning outcomes are contingent on the manner in which national and local systems are embedded within their broader social environments while also raising intriguing ideas for efforts to understand the conditions under which education systems’ performance with respect to learning can be promoted, supported, and sustained.