Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Psychologie sociale – Congo (République)'
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Mban, Loumpele Rigobert. "Esquisse d'une psychologie compréhensive du système mantique traditionnel dans ses relations avec l'articulation des symboles fondamentaux au sein de l'univers de sens Ngangulu (Congo) : caractéristiques et conséquences de la régulation du système." Rennes 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995REN20003.
Full textThe research on divination or mantica, considered here as a study (V. UA), a query, a way to the group memory or to the system of laws disclosed by the elder, is attempted for the first time in the Congo. As far as the Ngangulu conception of existence is concerned, this work is an attempt to explain the Ngangulu universe as to the evolution of the life of man in his environment. If for researchers such as we are, we are trying to shed light on the interpretative theory of the Ngangulu universe, for Ngangulu scientists this is an explanatory theory of life. For them, man and nature are completely indissociable. For them, every concrete detail must be considered in a spiral structure in such a manner that everything linking it to the other concrete details is in keeping with what they consider to be the law of the universe. The latter has for material support the ash of sacred wood (lifura). Lifura, a cyclic causal link, expresses then the condition or the property of all the beings of nature to have a threshold and remain within the possible limits. Consequently lifura is the regulator of the energy Mpyin (Mpini)- or potential necessary to the manifestation of the being. The myths on which the theoretical frame is based will have contributed to the methodological elaboration of our work on the thesis. All these elements for a system, that of the "tradipraticians" which regroups the characteristics and the consequences of social regulation. These are based in the structure of the cultural mormory, i. E. The apex of the pyramid of intelligibility. This is the ancestral memory. We had several methodological options to reach our mains. One would have consisted in matching the observed facts and data gathered in the field to one of the theories of anthropological knowledge (phenomenology, structuralism). Another would have consisted in examining those facts seem from the theoretical frame typical of the Nngangulu culture. Nothing that the Ngangulu people are quite capable of reflection about their own universe, the meaning of life in the word and what forms the human being or (person-personality), we thought it would be justified to choose the latter approach without for all that ignoring the worth and the contribution of the main anthropological or psychological theories
Mulombo, Wa-Mputu. "Les significations de l'adhésion à une coopérative d'épargne et de crédit : le cas du Zai͏̈re : approche psycho-sociale." Toulouse 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU20086.
Full textOur subject is to reflect on how the people of zaire take advantage of the co-operative system, an exogeneous socio-economic innovation. To do so, we have started from their representations of money in order to understand the meaning they give to their participation in a coeperative system. By following piaget's conception of the "equilibration majorante", completed by the conclusions of wilhem doise's socio-constructivist theory and albert bandura's theory of social learning, we can distinguish two typical forms of behaviour : reiforcement for the traditionalists, compensation for the modernists
Muamba, Ngalula Mumbunda Louis. "Valeurs personnelles, image de soi et représentation du père chez les adolescents de Kisangani." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211138.
Full textDissertation doctorale présentée en vue de l’obtention du grade de docteur en psychologie.
Par :Louis Muamba Ngalula
Résumé :
La présente étude a essayé de mettre en relation les valeurs personnelles, l’image de soi et la représentation du père par quelques adolescents d’une ville africaine :Kisangani en R. D. C.
217 sujets de sexe masculins, scolarisés et âgés de 15 à 18 ans, ont constitué l’échantillon de recherche. Ils ont été soumis à deux questionnaires différents. Le premier questionnaire examinait l’appréciation des valeurs personnelles dans sa première partie et dans sa deuxième partie il permettait d’obtenir des indices d’image de soi par soi. Le deuxième questionnaire permettait d’obtenir en peu de temps le climat relationnel entre parents et enfants. Un petit groupe de 17 sujets a fourni des récits de vie qui ont permit de contrôler le vécu quotidien de relations père fils.
Les résultats obtenus montrent que ces adolescents donnent une plus grande importance aux valeurs non scolaires, l’image de soi prend en compte par contre le système de valeurs scolaires et que le père est quant à lui perçu dans l’ensemble comme un personnage autoritaire, sévère et disciplinaire dans la constellation familiale.
Ces adolescents demandent que son image et son rôle soit révisé afin de la faire correspondre à leurs attentes. Ils font apparaître le personnage de la mère comme un refuge et rempart dans la vie du foyer pour plusieurs raisons qui couvrent la plage de la crise adolescentaire et la plage du vécu actuel de la vie courante dans une ville où domine une économie de la misère et de la faim.
Montrant ainsi que l'émergence de la parentalité comme une conséquence directe de la déstructuration des liens sociaux traditionnels par la modification de l'emploi du temps dans les ménages urbains.
Malgré les grandes communautés de point de vues, le système des valeurs présente quelques nuances, selon l'origine sociale et l'expérience éducative dont témoignent les sujets. La représentation de soi dépend essentiellement du système de valeurs dont se réclament les sujets. La représentation du père est quant à elle tributaire du système des valeurs dominant, tout comme elle aussi fonction du rôle que joue la mère dans la quotidienneté de la vie du foyer.
Title: Personal values, picture of one and representation of the father at teenagers of Kisangani.
Doctoral dissertation presented in view of a doctoral degree in psychology.
By :Louis Muamba Ngalula
Summary :
The present survey tried to examine the relation between the personal values, the self-concept and the representation of the father by some teenagers of an African city :Kisangani in DRC.
217 male participants, schooled and aged between 15 and 18, composed the research sample. They have been administered two different questionnaires. The first questionnaire examined the personal value in his/her/its first part and in his/her/its second parts it offered indications of he self-concept. The second questionnaire permitted to succinctly examine the relationship between parents and children. A small group of 17 subjects has provides live narratives that have permitted to control the experience of father-son relationships.
The results show that these teenagers devote a greater importance to extracurricular values, the self-concept takes on the other hand in account the school value system and that the father is perceived on the whole like an authoritative, stern and disciplinary character in the family.
These teenagers ask that his image and his role be reviewed in order to fit their expectations. They make the mother's character appear like a shelter and rampart in home life for several reasons that include the adolescent crisis and current life in a city where an economy of misery and hunger dominate. In so doing, this study shows that the emergence of parentality as a direct consequence of the traditional social ties through their destruction by the modification of schedules in urban households.
In spite of the big commonalities of viewpoints, the system of values presents some nuances, as function of the social origin and the educational experience mentioned by participants. The self-concept essentially depends on the value system claimed by the subjects. The representation of the father is dependent on the prevailing value system, which both depend on the role played by the mother in daily home life.
Doctorat en sciences psychologiques
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Kasese, Otung-Abienda Jean-Denis. "Contribution à une analyse de la sacralisation du pouvoir moderne et ses conséquences: le cas de Joseph-Désiré Mobutu." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210248.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
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Ngoma, Samuel. "Agriculture et protection sociale au Congo." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON10031.
Full textThe congolese rural societies know a true mutation; a situation of crisis : the populations which formerly made a profit on the social protection, garanted by the essential of their social needs, with difficulties to satisfy the essential of their social needs, with the disaggregation of the clanish solidarity and the failure of the state on the matter of the social policy. In front of the lost of the income, the deterioration of the state of health, the increasing of mortality, the acceleration of the rural exodus and the insalubrity, the peasants are aware of the necessity of an auto-organisation
Dorier-Apprill, Elisabeth. "Environnement et santé à Brazzaville, Congo : de l'écologie urbaine à la géographie sociale." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100030.
Full textBazenguissa, Rémy. "Histoire sociale du champ politique congolais : 1946-1991." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0091.
Full textMy sociological study of congolese political practices constitutes a historical account divided in six parts. I strove to show, for each period, how in their fight for power, the actors played differents trumps : the influences which they could prevail over religious circles, as well as military, political, and ethnical, their own capacity in mastering eloquence, and elegance, and finally, the valorization of their scholar diplomas, when they had any
M'Voula, Annicet Brice. "Le système de protection sanitaire et sociale en République du Congo et les droits de l'homme." Grenoble 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE21048.
Full textNkongo, Diamana. "Le système de protection sociale au Congo : bilan et perspectives." Paris 9, 1987. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1987PA090099.
Full textLikouka, Ferdinand Sosthène. "Situation et devenir du système de protection sociale au Congo." Bordeaux 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR40013.
Full textIn the old days, in traditional congolese society, the notion of "individual fate" didn't exist ouside the community: the social needs of the individuals were secured by small entities such as the clan, the village and the family. Belonging to those entities garanteed a certain "security". With the modernization of the congolese society, those entities have broken up and find it more and more difficult, when they live on, to set up actions of "security" intended to protect their members from certain social needs and from the late growing extent of those needs. The modern systems of social security set up to go with the pervert effects of the modernization and growing "salarization" of the economy in the fifties could not enswe most of the population the right to social security. On the contrary, the personal field of application of the current mechanics of social protection remains in the favour of the salaried workers, that is to say the very ones who, due to their security of employment and income, can appear as priviledged. The complaints of the excluded population, longing for better living, working and health conditions, meet the inability for the state to bring out sufficient means, since the process of development of the country makes unsatisfied needs appear simultaneously and everywhere: unemployment, housing, health, education etc. . . Consequently, one has to imagine other forms of social protection or to relax the current mechanics of social security so that they can integrate other categories of the population (indepent workers among others). As for the paupers,the mecanics of social insurance seen to be the only ones adapted to their social welfare nowadays. If it is so, to what extent will this social welfare grow given that, on the one hand, the paupers sand for the major category of the country and that, on the other hand, the welfare state is falling off day after day? Obviously, the future of the congolese system of social protection is quite incertain
Molongo, Casimir. "Le "fétichisme", une pratique sociale courante en Afrique et ses effets sur les sportifs congolais." Paris 7, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA070057.
Full textThat document first sets out a brief picture on the main causes of the bad performances of sportsmen of the congolese high level, before deeply analysing the consequences dues to the immoderate belief to "fetishes" and their usage in sport. This captivating factor is double edged, bcause apart from psychological advantages it brings to sportsmen, it is the cause of many negative effects in our society. Let's conclude like this, because the miraculous results that sportsmen and leaders of congolese clubs expect from it, make that training has lost its worth for developing physical aptitudes of elites of all the sporty disciplines in the congo
Telomono, Bisangamani Mathieu. "La responsabilité civile du fait de l'enfant en République démocratique du Congo : De la romanogermanisation à la transculturalité juridique pour la paix sociale." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010268.
Full textKaya, Boufala Emmanuel. "Le rôle d'autrui dans l'actualisation de soi chez les adolescents congolais scolarisés de 16 à 18 ans : les lycéens de Bbrazzaville"." Caen, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CAEN1033.
Full textGoulou, Jean-Richard Armand. "Territorialisation et infrastructures de transport et de communication : cas du Congo-Brazzaville." Bordeaux 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR40045.
Full textIn line with the government'saims, territorialisation in Congo-Brazzaville enables the integration of a political dimension in the communication and transportation infrastructures? The territory of Congo-Brazzaville, populated by ethnic groups including the m'bochi, teke and kongo is characterized by three groups of regions located in the northern, southern and central areas of the country. The geographical conditions in these regions are varied as restrictive and have been enhanced with transportation and communication network. The territorial and administrative organisation applied to these regions since the colonial period has evolued by trial and error. Furthermore, they are developed complex social structures and generated some disparity not only in the various. .
Ibiou, Gilbert. "La dimension sociale et culturelle du problème de la lecture au Congo." Paris 12, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA120051.
Full textThe present study attempts at introducing the current book and reading situations in the congo and investigating into the sociocultural aspects of the reading issue through a multi-dimensional approach, a historical, psychological, sociological, bibliological and literary approach. Put in such a pattern, the study emphasizes on the habits of congolese people in relation to the cultural together with the socio-political conditions that prevail in the congo. Reading in an indispensable knowledge as well as a unique pleasure. It is not only a school business; families have their parts to play. When, later on, reading comes to be taught in elementary schools, everybody gets concerned. To know how to read and enjoy reading become a key to school achievement. Nevertheless, if it is true that all the congolese youngsters learn to read, few become genuine readers. To help a child get acquainted with books and, mainly, to make him feel happy when reading them requires to avoid some mistakes and pbserve hair procedures. Wisdom here would be to clearly know. .
Ndala, Timothé. "Problèmes socio-scolaires des élèves de milieu familial défavorisé : propositions et projets d'action pour une amélioration de l'aide sociale à l'enfance dans le cadre de l'action sociale au Congo." Lyon 2, 1986. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/1986/ndala_t.
Full textThe author, a social worker, has been working for several years with organizations dealing in various ways with social help to children. He noticed children from underprivileged family background called "social cases" were more or less left out of the commonly admitted system of social protection this stuy deals with the various policies about social help and offers a deep analysis of the dynamics of an incentive policy for congo. The stress is put on the study of the set up of a social protection for everyone. It sets a light on the reasons and ways of the xetension of social protection to underprivileged populations and its results. This study issues on recommendations. This work should interest social science researchers, politicians and civil servants concerned by the matter of social help and who, at the moment, are tryng to think about the way social help is done and more particularly help to the underpriviledged childhood
Ngayou, Gaston. "La société congolaise : formation sociale et problèmes méthodologiques : critique des idéologies." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100046.
Full textIdeology is not only a falsified representation of reality but also a factor as relevant as any other factor concerning the social structure. Ideology and culture enter the conceptual structure of historical sciences which both take place at one and the same time as productive forces and significant practices in the field of social practices. All the theses of occidental anthropology on african societies reduce their structures to the ideological opposition between tradition and modernity. African societies are original formations, which lie on the articulation of internal and external factors. The general concepts of colonial formation, colonial mode of production etc. , which think together history and culture allow to express this originality
Nsunda, Balu Mathilde. "L'intégration sociale au Québec des immigrants de la République démocratique du Congo (RDC)." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2004. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5260.
Full textGitenet, Romain. "De la victimisation ethnique à la rébellion armée : Production du politique, mobilisation sociale et économie de guerre en mode insurrectionnel : Le cas du Congrès National pour la Défense du Peuple (CNDP) en République Démocratique du Congo." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010286.
Full textMakambila, Pascal. "L'imaginaire dans la vie sociale des Kongo-lari de la République du Congo des origines à nos jours." Bordeaux 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR30031.
Full textOur study deals with the imaginary way of thinking in the social life of the kongo-lari people of the republic of congo from the ancient times up to the present time. The magic and religious believes constitute the fundamental base of the collective "imaginaire" of the kongo-lari,. From the pre-colonial period to the colonial time and from the colonial period to the period of the national constrcution, ancestors worship, witchcraft and sorcery remain th emost important beleives. In spite of the assimilation policy undertaken by thez french colonizers during the colonial time (1875-1960) and the work of evangelization done by the european christian missionaries in order to change kongo-lari's way of thinking, many traditional believes coming from the past are still alive nowadays. We have noticed in our study that the kongo-lari have adopted some european cultural values, but they have not accepted to loose the whole soul of their own culture. For example, when they are ill, they go to modern hospitals and at the same time they believe in the power of witch doctors. This is the way they live because of the deep influence of the imagination in their social life
Lokonda, Nkoto Albertine. "L'éducation des jeunes dans la société mongo au Zaïre : les Nkundo de Mbandaka et les Ntomb'e Maloko de Bikoro." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H107.
Full textThis study starts with a general survey of the mongos'origins and their migrations. The mongos, descended from their ancestor mbombiyanda, emigrated from the north to the south, along the valley of the Nile, and came out into Zaïre across the region known as high-Zaïre. After bloody battles, they occupied the lands where they now live and which cover about one-fifth of Zaïre. As for the lands of the nkundos of mbandaka and of the ntomb'e malokos, they can be estimated at about one-thirtieth of the mongo domain. In the second part, the social and political structures of the mongos are explained. Both structures are based on kin. The political aspect is based more particularly on the authority of the nsomi family. After the upbringing has been defined, its various agents are set out. Besides the important role played by the mother and her relatives, these agents are above all the relatives on the paternal side. As for the means of this upbringing, the stress is laid especially on their rites. In the elements of their upbringing, the following points are studied : society (as seen before), language, jobs, time, counting, habits and customs, manners, morals standards, ancestral wisdom and spiritual inheritance. The third part shows how this educational system is nowadays experiencing a cultural and social crisis, through the loss of the authority of the clan, and a parental crisis through the introduction of new cultural elements such as : schools, new religions. . . The fourth part, once the survival of the traditional upbringing has been demonstrated, leads naturally to the general conclusion of this study
Moukolo, Delphin. "Niveaux de revenus, marchés et structures de consommation : contribution à l'étude psycho-socio-économique des phénomènes de consommation liés à la dynamique sociale du développement dans la boucle du Niari : essai d'analyse et de synthèse : introduction à la critique du style de développement endogène au Congo." Bordeaux 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR1D303.
Full textThis thesis, which deals with "income levels, markets and consumption structures" of households in the niari loop and which tries to explain how to tackle and reconcile the tasks of development and consumption, is, above all, a description of the social state of consumption. It is therefore a comparative and explanatory approach to consumption phenomena via a "psycho-socio-economic" approach, which a monographic study allows. This thesis is above all an attempt to analyse and synthesise: - an analysis of the very substance of consumption phenomena through their multiple forms; - a synthesis of their installation development as a specific process of social development allied to the dynamics of development and as a framework which today comprises almost all daily social phenomena linked to the changing behaviour of man as a "social animal", and as a "biological and social" atom in consumption. The niari loop, a "dual" or even a "plural" universe is the point where two non- exclusive life styles meet, confront each other and interact; where tradition and modernity are in perpetual encounter through the combined play of the effects of substitution and demonstration. As such, the heterogeneity of the consumption here is the expression of traditional and modern cultures living in symbiosis
Alard, Mireille. "L'Art des Bashileele (Kasai Occidental)." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010618.
Full textBouzoungoula, Joseph. "Micro-entreprises, commerçants et socialités dans un quartier urbain de Brazzaville." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2003/50377-2003-17-18.pdf.
Full textBiyekele, Marius. "Du langage de la folie chez les Kongo de la République populaire du Congo." Bordeaux 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR21005.
Full text"Madness is from everywhere", but is it identical anywhere? Is there in the kongo country any sort of madness language? The specificity of the topic to be studied, and the double implication during treatment and research request permanently a smooth and multidimension methodology approach made of observations, interviews, clinical talks and therapies. . . Understanding madness is also and above all, understanding first the sight of the universe : "things are not only things", it is always something more than a thing. Thus madness binds while dividing : a "break and continuity" of the sacred link which never breaks. Madness places us in the centre of an "interpsychopathology". Madness finally and always makes sense, considering an "impense" "language which recalls sometimes or both, which-craft, "fetichage", flaw in the universe of alliances, ransom of power. . . In fact, these local theories of madness determine particular assistance ways for the patient, original therapeutic and prophylactic steps. In the short, this is an attempt to a clinical theory, taking in consideration the rediscovered and recovered local language in the framework of the clinician's daily practice
Xiberras, Valérie. "Analyse du concept d'intellectuel à travers la figure sociale de l'"évolué" du Congo belge, 1945-1960 : de l'"évolué" à l'intellectuel : transition impossible." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28762.
Full textBolaluembe, Boliale Papy-Claude. "Défis, enjeux et opportunités pour l'aménagement durable des forêts dans le bassin du Congo : cas du territoire d'Oshwe dans la province de Maï-ndombe en République Démocratique du Congo." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34487.
Full textImportant issues mark the implementation of sustainable forest management (SFM) in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The aim of our thesis was to explore, in a holistic way, the challenges and opportunities associated with the implementation of SFM in the socio-ecological context of the DRC. It focuses on the case of the Oshwe territory in the province of Maï-Ndombe in the DRC. It is an interdisciplinary study that encompasses three distinct components of SFM. The first chapter deals with the perceptions of local, national and international actors on the issues facing SFM in the DRC. We applied the qualitative analysis of the discourse of the various actors. After this analysis, the list of SFM issues in the DRC was established. This list has oriented the determination of the SFM criteria that meet the expectations of the various actors consulted. This study reveals that local stakeholders are mainly concerned about social issues; the national actors by the stakes of the forest governance and the international actors by the ecological stakes of biodiversity conservation. The other two chapters deal respectively with the challenges and opportunities related to a social issue and an ecological challenge, issues recognized as critical by the consulted actors. Thus, the second chapter concerns the challenges of the implementation of the Social Responsibility Contract (SRC) to the territory of Oshwe. We applied the qualitative analysis of the discourses of the different local and national actors. This approach allowed us to establish convergences in the content of their various speeches on the SRC. We observed the enthusiasm of the various actors for the organizational structure used for the implementation of the SRC during the negotiations. In addition, SRC is recognized as a formal and horizontal mechanism for sharing the benefits of logging. It helps to reduce conflicts between local communities and forest managers by acting as a "palaver tree". However, the slowness in the execution of the chronograms chosen in the SRC constitutes a germ of conflict. The third chapter deals with the issue of maintaining the forest composition after use of Controlled and Directional Felling (CDF). We compared the effects of CDF and windfall effects on the regeneration of commercial forest species. We used canonical redundancy analysis to determine which species are significantly influenced by both gap type and gap size. Guarea cedrata leans towards the natural gaps and Canarium schweinfurthii attaches to the CDF gaps. This information is fundamental for implementing ecosystem-based management based on the emulation of a natural disturbance such as windthrow. This doctoral thesis attests that SFM is not easy but not impossible in the DRC by involving the different actors in the search for solutions to the issues perceived by actors locally in the forest management units. It hopes to contribute to the implementation of adaptive forest management in the DRC and the development of the national forest certification standard.
Thibault-Bouffard, Nicole. "Fondements historiques de la peinture populaire urbaine au Zaïre et la signification sociale de l'oeuvre de Tshibumba Kanda." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29167.
Full textMutombo, Ngandu. "Politiques de rémunération, de cotation et de classification des emplois comme facteurs de formation d'une catégorie sociale : le cas des travailleurs de l'Union minière du Haut-Katanga, 1947-1967." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28404.
Full textMunyanji, Jean Pierre. "La pédagogie de la connaissance dans son rapport à l'environnement : le cas du Kasai͏̈ (République Démocratique du Congo)." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/munyanji_jp.
Full textEducation among the Kasai͏̈ (R. D. C. ) is in crisis. Failures and dropouts are on the increase. Thousands of young people leave school without adequate qualification enabling them to take up posts in the society. Parents and teachers trade blames for this situation. Studies of the theories of knowledge of certain philosophers, and the construction by some pedagogues of the new Education underline the links between education and the learners' environment. A glance at the school program among the Kasai͏̈ shows that the former minimise the importance of the scholars' environment. On the contrary, an approach to the ancestral education shows that traditionally in the Kasai͏̈ education, one takes into account the environment of the children. This is what makes it efficient. This work therefore, seeks to restore into the modern pedagogy of the Kasai͏̈ this link with the environment. With the aim of finding references for the construction of the pedagogy of knowledge for the Kasai͏̈, it studies the theories of Aristotle, Kant and Rousseau, as well as the construction by the authors of the new Education: Pestalozzi, Freinet and Piaget. Finally this research offers principal guidelines for a pedagogy of knowledge for the Kasai͏̈. It recommends the return to things, makes some suggestions for the construction of knowledge, and highlights certain attitudes, behaviours and gests likely to enhance learning, and those likely to inhibit it
Raus, Jean. "Communication et ressources humaines dans la dynamique des projets de développement rural à partir d'études de cas au Rwanda et au Zaïre." Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA081015.
Full textEconomic and social development can not be just reduced to economic growth. Beyond this, it implies a change which has to include the actors involved, into a dimension reinforcing the cultural identity by, and for, each one of them; as well as adding to the structuration of their specific collective organization. The study leading to those conclusions is mainly founded upon the evolution of two development projects in rural communities, in zaire and in rwanda as well as on a confrontation of their analysis through the theories of the psychologist jean piaget on adjustment ant organization. The relation between the theories of piaget on intellectual development of the human mind and being, and the process of social involvment and economic development is futher on justified through the studies of the socio-economist roland colin on direct partaking of populations in their own development process in direct relation with the progression of an organization which should thus result. In this manner, the research has had the opportunity to lead towards a conclusion involving the necessity of interrelation and training in every development process
Bimbou, Gustave. "Le retour au pays : cas des etudiants congolais, epouse et enfants, ayant vecu en france : changement social et adaptation matrimoniale." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE2026.
Full textQuaretta, Edoardo. "Les enfants accusés de sorcellerie au Katanga, République démocratique du Congo." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209535.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
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Mokélé, Borice Kevin. "Le fonctionnement psychique des tradithérapeutes : relations avec les esprits des ancêtres dans l'ethnie Likouala au Congo Brazzaville." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAG038.
Full textIn all human societies, there are men and women who are chosen or elected to take care of the physical, psychic and spiritual well-being of the others. They are called traditionel healers, traditional practitioners, traditional doctors or nganga in some Bantu languages in Africa. This work looked at these health and wellness professionals in one of Congo's ethnic groups - Brazzaville, the Likouala ethnic group. We conducted a survey of them using an appropriate methodology, that of the IPA - Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The result is that the traditionel healers perform three fundamental functions : divinatory function, therapeutic function and mediating function. Indeed, the particular aspect of the management of consultants is that of their relationship with the spirits of ancestors. Moreover, they use this clinical pratice to rearrange the relationship between the world of human beings and that of spirits
Ndongala, Nkuku Christian. "Réinsertion sociale et trajectoires d'enfants de la rue à Kinshasa." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL12013.
Full textThis study deals with street children in Kinshasa. It focuses on the relationship between street children and host institutions, especially as children get in and out of these shelters. Fieldwork was initially carried out in Kinshasa within four host institutions, with a particular emphasis on observation and interviews of young people who use them on a regular basis. One particular institution was then selected for an in-depth observation. Two concepts informed this participant observation: recognition and empowerment. By inviting young people to develop behaviors, practices, and strategies that best fit their needs and benefit them, the host institution integrates the two aforementioned concepts in the way it socially rehabilitates these children. In addition, the institution further enforces its principles through shared responsibilities when, for instance, older children mentor younger ones and participate in establishing the institution’s internal rules. Yet, some children believe that the institution does not empower them enough or provide them with enough recognition. Some « streets leaders » feel they are not given proper recognition. Decisions are made without consulting them or soliciting their street experience. When that happens, some children withdraw from the institution to resume life on the street. Therefore, the aim of this study is to show that when children’s expectations are not sufficiently taken into consideration, there is likely to be a higher level of dissatisfaction and low retention rates
Tukanda, Manya Daniel. "Evaluation de l'efficacité des établissements d'enseignement secondaire: analyse des indicateurs favorisant la plus-value pédagogique des établissements :étude réalisée en République Démocratique du Congo." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210135.
Full textCompte tenu des distorsions importantes dans les conclusions des recherches « processus-produits » qui décrivent les relations entre les facteurs investis(inputs) et le produit (output) dans le domaine de l’éducation et au regard de la littérature interna-tionale mettant en relief une multitude de variables(macro et micro-sociologiques) qui semblent influencer la réussite scolaire des élèves, nous avons tenu à mettre en évidence dans le contexte de l’enseignement en RDC certaines variables d’ordre scolaire pouvant amener les écoles à la réalisation de la plus-value pédagogique.
Ces dernières décennies, il y a certes une prolifération des établissements d’enseignement jamais existée dans le système éducatif congolais. Mais, ce qui est frappant et étonnant dans ce système éducatif aujourd’hui est le fait de la différence de niveau très remarquable entre élèves de même profil fréquentant les établissements scolaires différents. Leurs élèves soumis à des tests standards, on constate que certains d’entre ces établissements réalisent la plus-value pédagogique alors que d’autres réalisent la moins-value.
Quelles sont les variables d’ordre scolaire pouvant expliquer cette différence de rendement ?Telle est la question principale à laquelle cette étude tente d’apporter quelques éléments de réponse. Face à cette question, l’hypothèse générale que nous avons émise est qu’il existe un « effet-établissement » qui influence les acquisitions de tous les profils d’élèves en classe.
Ce travail s’articule sur deux parties principales emboîtées. La première partie explore quelques théories sur la réussite ou l’échec scolaire des élèves et examine les résultats de quelques études empiriques mettant en relief les effets relatifs de scolarisation. La deuxième partie est consacrée à la description de la démarche méthodologique de notre recherche et à l’analyse des résultats des élèves à nos tests de français et de mathématique. Elle est aussi consacrée à l’analyse des réactions des enseignants et du personnel de direction scolaire à notre questionnaire relatif aux facteurs prioritaires sur lesquels on peut à l’instant porter en tout premier lieu une attention particulière afin d’améliorer le rendement scolaire.
Par une analyse des résultats de 605 élèves de dix-huit établissements de l'enseignement secondaire ayant passé nos tests et aussi par une analyse des réponses à notre questionnaire auquel 122 enseignants et 49 personnel ( conseillers, proviseurs et chefs d’établissement ) de direction des établissements concernés par cette étude ont réagi, nous avons tenté de mettre en évidence certaines caractéristiques scolaires pouvant entraîner la réalisation de la plus et/ou moins-value pédagogique dans une école.
D’une manière générale, les résultats de cette étude montrent que la différence de performances des élèves apprenant dans les établissements différents semble être liée à certaines caractéristiques propres aux établissements scolaires et à des pratiques enseignantes. Vu les résultats présentés par les élèves des classes identifiées comme étant « efficaces » et « équitables », les caractéristiques (celles mises en évidence) des écoles organisant ces classes donnent à penser que celles-ci exercent un effet sur les acquisitions des élèves.
Doctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation
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Boukaka, Ouadiabantou Dévoué Bonaventure. "Vie et survie médico-sociale dans les pays en développement : essai d'analyse du système de santé en république populaire du Congo." Paris 9, 1988. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1988PA090049.
Full textSince the colonial period, the people's republic of the congo is leading a health and social policy which did not undergo deep changes. Despite important means available to health and social services by the party and the government, despite different development plans achieved since the independance, and which have focussed on a medecine essentially curative, hopes are beyond expectations. The medico-social reform, proposed here on a reorganization of the current health and social system, the creation of first aid posts, the co-ordination of health and social activities from the community itself. It is upheld by a development of the preventive medecine, the improvement of the environment, by respecting the political and administrative gaps. Thus, it could be a solution to get out the congo from current difficulties
Nikis, Nicolas. "Archéologie des métallurgies anciennes du cuivre dans le bassin du Niari, République du Congo." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/276494.
Full textDoctorat en Histoire, histoire de l'art et archéologie
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Ekanga, Lokoka Lambert. "L'enseignement de l'histoire à l'école secondaire en République démocratique du Congo: intentions d'une Réforme et pratiques de terrain." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209779.
Full textMais, si le nouveau programme (de 2005) a «décolonisé» le contenu des matières, les pratiques de terrain semblent encore immuables !Qu’est ce qui peut expliquer cet immobilisme ?Pour tenter de répondre à cette question, cette thèse procède par une double démarche, théorique et empirique. La démarche théorique qui fait l’objet de la première partie, brosse la littérature sur notre problématique, donne un aperçu de l’histoire de l’enseignement et de l’enseignement de l’histoire en RDC, aborde le savoir conceptuel de l’enseignant d’histoire et les pratiques d’enseignement et enfin, traite de la motivation des élèves ainsi que du matériel didactique. Quant à la deuxième partie consacrée à la démarche empirique, elle est centrée sur l’approche méthodologique de la recherche, l’analyse et l’interprétation des résultats quantitatifs et qualitatifs.
L’analyse des réponses aux questions administrées auprès de notre échantillon, composé d’une part de 64 enseignants et, d’autre part, de 600 élèves ainsi que l’analyse des observations de 10 classes d’histoire et des interviews avec les enseignants des classes visitées ont permis d’appréhender l’application du nouveau programme et les autres réalités de terrain.
En somme, les résultats de cette étude montrent que les enseignants dispensant le cours d’histoire en 5e et 6e secondaires, utilisent, presque tous, les modes transmissifs et ignorent la pédagogie active ou les modes actifs proposés par le nouveau programme d’histoire ;ce qui ne motive pas, sans doute, les élèves à ce cours. Autrement dit, malgré leur haute qualification, leur longue expérience dans l’enseignement et le changement de contenu, ces enseignants d’histoire ne pratiquent pas la pédagogie active ou les modes actifs. On semble être donc loin de la « décolonisation », tant souhaitée, des pratiques en classe d’histoire en RDC.
Au regard de ce qui précède, nous pensons que pour mieux enseigner l’histoire, les enseignants congolais devraient avoir d’autres ambitions qu’une simple transmission des connaissances (savoirs) destinées à être simplement enregistrées et restituées par les élèves lors des interrogations et examens. Le rôle fondamental du cours d’histoire étant d’informer et de former, le souci constant qui devrait animer les enseignants est de susciter et de renouveler l’intérêt des élèves, de les aider à construire leurs savoirs, pour qu’ils deviennent des vrais acteurs de la société de demain. Car, nous estimons que la reconstruction d’un pays, comme la RDC, passe aussi par la reconstitution et la sauvegarde de la mémoire collective et du patrimoine culturel, tâches qui relèvent du domaine de l’enseignement de l’histoire.
Doctorat en Sciences psychologiques et de l'éducation
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Lambert, Philippe. "Identité nationale et régionalisme : l'identité sud-vietnamienne dans l'espace national vietnamien." Paris, INALCO, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INAL0005.
Full textMweze, Baguma. "Le mariage chez les Bashi et ses transformations récentes : étude d'anthropologie sociale et culturelle." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H121.
Full textThe bashi marriage is the culmination of the progressive human and social education of young people, preparing them for their future task. The full rites can be performed only once in the lifetime of each individual, for the first marriage. It is a global initiation to married life, held in an atmosphere of happiness and rejoicing, with meetings, dances, exchanges of gifts and meals, and elaborate rites under the control of experienced men and women. The ritual consecrates the plenitude of definitive and indissoluble matrimonial union, in the face of the problems of polygamy, divorce and death. Animals, plants, human beings, spirits, various realities of the cosmic and cultural worlds, all have their role in this ritual. Stressing the importance of harmony in the community, the tradition makes sure of the agreement of the couple as well as of the mutual understanding of the families forming the alliance. The ceremony emphasizes the support of the ancestors, the continuity of the vital link transmitted to the couple through the parents who, having accomplished their task, accede to the status of elders who have married a child. The whole community is invited to recognize the social changes brought about by this important event. The originality of these traditions has often struck foreigners, especially the missionaries, who were not always able to interpret the richness of shi rites and symbols, whose internal logic escaped them. Through the Christian wedding, religion and education, they introduced the system of western thought and culture which they prejudged to be superior to the shi system. However, this system organizes the sharing of responsibilities and tasks in a spirit of respect for the difference and complementarity of the men and women, thus insuring their mutual physical, psychical and social growth and self-realization
Kisangani, Endanda-Siyisiwa. "Le discours scientifique sur l'éducation au Zaïre: essai d'analyse de sa genèse et de sa fonction." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213414.
Full textHiamba, Ovungu Jean. "Structure et sens cosmopolitique du pouvoir dans la culture des Ankutsu-Membele: contribution au processus d'intégration et de démocratisation en Afrique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209753.
Full textEn effet, les rébellions, les guerres ethniques ou tribales, les rivalités et les dissensions inter groupales continuent à affecter la vie politique, économique et sociale de ce pays depuis la période précoloniale en passant par la période coloniale et postcoloniale. Cette préoccupation majeure suscite des interrogations fondamentales :de quelle manière peut-on aujourd’hui ériger un projet politique qui soit à mesure de redéfinir les finalités socio-politiques, cultuelles, et économiques globales qui accordent une meilleure écoute aux productions de sens qui émanent des valeurs théoriques de chaque groupe social, en sublimant ce qui rapproche et non ce qui divise ?Comment dépasser les clivages excluant issus des situations de crise (traite, colonisation, rébellions, guerres, dissensions) ?Comment mettre sur pied un espace commun qui serait le lieu d’échange libre où chacun exprimerait son opinion dans le respect et la dignité de l’autre ?
C’est à ces questions et à beaucoup d’autres encore que cette thèse tente de répondre. Il s’agit en fait, d’une étude à caractère paradigmatique réalisée dans le groupe Ankutshu-Membele, à la lumière des approches occidentales du pouvoir et de la démocratie. Elle s’assigne comme objectif principal de problématiser la conception du pouvoir à travers la culture et les religions de ce peuple, en vue de tenter d’établir les conditions de possibilités d’intégration de cette société traditionnelle vers une société moderne multiculturelle et démocratique.
Doctorat en Philosophie
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Leyinda, Pascal Alain. "La motricité ludique d'une société africaine : analyse structurale des jeux traditionnels des peuples Ndzébi du Congo Brazzaville." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05H019.
Full textThe detailed structural analysis of a corpus of traditional games played by Congo Brazzaville "Ndzebi" children allowed, by observations, by the study of game structure modelling and by semi directive interviews, to show characteristic traits, and social and cultural signification of the "Ndzebi" society. Their proximity with their natural and cultural environment from which they take out material to make game objects (object relationship) ; the existence of two parallel institutions "the men home" which is strictly forbidden to women and reserved for usual initiation and boys socialization by games. "The family kitchen" reserved for girl education, for mother and women life of the village is the community life basis. Men and women place, social compromise, in spite of the social relation dissymetric structure ; the birthright, the non subjection odf standards in these practices and their evolution in ritual characterize by motor action, identity and vestiges of game activities. Comparatively with institutionalized games, this other dissymetrical model reflects a difference with western societies which are based on equal opportunities - the symmetrical democartic model. Moreover, one notices a perceptible evolution towards this civilizational model, which tends towards custom cultural mixing. This close relation between game characteristics and local culture straits works towards the interpretation of reality in the "Ndzeba" child accomplishment by games
Mufogoto, Gafutshi Georgine. "L'une en face de l'autre : femme autochtone et femme missionnaire dans l'actuel diocèse d'Idiofa en République Démocratique du Congo : de 1928 à la veille de l'Indépendance." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2007.
Full textMissionary women, endowed with "faith in Jesus Christ" and prejudices concerning the racial superiority and material power of the West, encounter indigenous women between 1928 and 1960 in the Belgian Congo, with a thousand-year-old culture, imbued with prejudice and fears vis-à-vis "white foreigners".This confrontation takes place essentially outside the village of the indigenous woman, to the "mission", a space "invented" and "mastered" by the Fathers and where the nuns consider themselves as "guests" who themselves , invite or sometimes force indigenous women into confrontation. This encounter is made in three specific places: the catechumenate, the school and the dispensary (or the hospital).At the end of this confrontation, the nuns build up their image of the indigenous woman, while the latter also elaborates her representation of the missionary woman, who had come "from elsewhere". There is here as a game of mirrors that results in what anthropologists call productive misunderstanding
Dugrand, Camille. "Prendre la rue : politique de la citadinité vagabonde en Afrique : les Shégués de Kinshasa." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010334.
Full textBased on several field works in Kinshasa, the object of the thesis is the trajectories of « Shégués », these young city-dwellers who take a « different » path in the streets of the congolese megapolis. By « taking » the street and living in it they, diverge of conventional forms of existence under a roof in a family and throw themselves in a wandering urban adventure which generates both constraints and alternatives. In contrast to dominant discources that tend to represent them as marginal, isolated and inaudible « street children », it appears that Shégués are essential figures of the urban experience in Kinshasa. Subjected to a life full of constraint and uncertainty, they gather aroud new forms of sociability that can be seen as ways to support each other, forms of violence but also as alternative opportunities to « exist ». They can also constitute forms of distinction and even lead to the rise of famous and renowed people. The Shégués create a street culture that paves the way to heterogeneous interactions with other city dwellers and sometimes an incorporation of urban networks of power. Their social differenciation entails a process of stigmatization along a series of constraints. It also provides additional opportunities to have agency in the city and even reach some forms of popularity and prestige. How do they have agency on the city? What do they tell us on the youth’s perspectives of personal accomplishement in Kinshasa today? What are the political effects of the violence they both exert and endure? Do they produce a counter-hegemonic culture? Or do their actions tend to reinforce a violent political order? What are the social frontiers between these young actors and other city-dwellers? Do they shape a culture of subversion and protest? The trajectories of Shégués shed light on the ambivalence of a youth sub-culture, totally reliant on its local environment to urvive and that reclaim the codes established by the dominant sectors of society while challenging the exclusion they endure. While they can appear to reinforce the current « top-down » social order, the Shégués also shape new subversive and contentious life styles in a evolving megapolis, itself generating new norms and new ways of life and survival. In the end, the Shégués assert their role as actors of urban dynamic that keeps creating new figures of legitimacy and prestige while continuously reformulating new imagineries of alternative life possibilities. They express the critical and political ambition of their wandering life that contribute to « citadinity » in Kinshasa but also impact it. They do so by reinventing the ways to teverse their destiny and eventually gain acess to « another life »
Vinez, Margaux. "Terres et agriculture en milieu forestier : essais sur des politiques historique et contemporaine en République Démocratique du Congo : rumble in the jungle." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH027.
Full textContending that tenure insecurity under informal “customary” land institutions and theunder-utilization of modern inputs are two important factors holding back sub-SaharanAfrican agriculture, policy makers have designed policies to shift communal rights towardmore individualization and formalization, and to promote the adoption of improved inputs.This doctoral thesis uses an original database to explore two examples of such policiesthat took place 50 years apart in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It shows that theyhad short-term and long-term implications far beyond those commonly expected. The firsttwo Chapters focus on an intervention by the Belgian Colony that took place during thelast decade of colonization. It led to the division of communal land and its allocation toindividual families. Using a natural experiment, they study its consequences for socialstructures and customary conflict resolution mechanisms. The third Chapter focuses on arecent agricultural input subsidies intervention. It uses an experimental design to show that the subsidies successfully increased the use of improved seeds, and analyses its implications for households’ labor and land allocation
Dimbasi-Ndofunsu, Jean-René. "L'effet-établissement et ses variables explicatives: évaluation de la plus et/ou moins value pédagogique en classe de deuxième secondaire :recherche des caractéristiques favorables à l'efficacité scolaire dans les écoles de Kinshasa." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210168.
Full textPar ailleurs, la littérature internationale nous propose plusieurs variables qui semblent avoir un effet sur la réussite scolaire des élèves :des variables macro-sociologiques comme les facteurs politiques, organisationnels, socio-économiques et des variables micro-sociologiques comme les facteurs familiaux, individuels, culturels, scolaires, précisément des variables de contexte, des pratiques managériales, des pratiques enseignantes.
De plus, dans cette étude, nous allons nous attarder sur les facteurs micro-sociologiques, car à notre connaissance, il n’existe aucune étude empirique portant sur ces variables dans le contexte congolais. Autrement dit, le problème de recherche relève donc de la méconnaissance scientifique des relations entre l’effet-établissement et le rendement scolaire des élèves.
Le cadre théorique de cette étude est basé sur les théories du choix de l’échantillon (Boyl et Crowson), des strates emboîtées (Barr et Dreeben), des organisations (théorie de Mintzberg), de la bureaucratie professionnelle, de psychologie de comportement, de la réforme des milieux de travail, sur le modèle des interactions aptitude-traitement de Cronbach, sur le modèle multi-niveaux des effets éducatifs, sur le modèle intégré en éducation (Scheerens) ainsi que sur la recension des travaux antérieurs. Ce cadre théorique conduit à la formulation d’une hypothèse principale et des hypothèses secondaires rattachées aux variables de cette étude.
Une approche méthodologique mixte, descriptive et relationnelle permet de confirmer, d’infirmer et de nuancer ces hypothèses. Cette étude est réalisée auprès des 614 élèves, des 30 enseignants et des 22 chefs d’établissement. Elle est aussi menée auprès des 15 écoles publiques, privées et confessionnelles organisant les classes de deuxième secondaire. Les élèves remplissent un questionnaire contenant des renseignements généraux et répondent aux questions du pré-test et du post-test de français et des mathématiques composés par les conseillers du Ministère de l’éducation de la République Démocratique du Congo.
D’abord, les résultats concordent en général avec l’hypothèse principale de recherche. Ceux-ci mentionnent l’existence de l’effet-établissement dans les écoles étudiées. Ensuite, les résultats concordent dans l’ensemble avec les hypothèses secondaires rattachées aux variables retenues dans cette étude. Enfin, il faudrait indiquer que certaines hypothèses sont infirmées, voire nuancées.
Par ailleurs, des pistes de recherches sur l’effet de ces variables et des autres variables paraissent très intéressantes pour la meilleure compréhension de ce phénomène. Bien que cette recherche essaie d’apporter sa contribution à l’amélioration de l’efficacité scolaire du système éducatif congolais, cette dernière comporte tout de même certaines limites liées à l’expérimentation, à l’échantillon, aux instruments de mesure et aux travaux empiriques sur le sujet. Il semble donc nécessaire que d’autres études soient effectuées, afin de pallier à ces limites, d’élaborer de nouvelles théories et d’identifier d’autres antécédents éventuels de l’effet-établissement.
Doctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation
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Quénard, Christelle. "Les fonctions cognitives de contrôle chez les personnes civiles traumatisées de la guerre du Congo." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30025/document.
Full textThe traumatized civil persons (PTSD) of the Congo War bring back numerous interventions of thoughts by images and scenes of the lived events. These interventions bring an important clinical suffering. They make relive the trauma permanently without any cognitive control is apparently possible. In our work of thesis we support the idea that these interventions are the consequences of a deep modification of the processes cognitive of control at the civil persons traumatized by the Congo War. More particularly, we suppose that the process susceptible to be involved (to be in question) in the absence of control over the images and the thoughts would be a deficit of the mechanism of cognitive inhibition. To put our hypothesis in the test we built various tasks consisted for each of a material with "neutral" valency and a material with "traumatic, negative" valency. These tasks are recognized to measure the capacities of cognitive control. It is about the task of Stroop (Stroop, 1935), of the task of directed Forgetting (Bjork, Bjork, & Anderson, 1996), of a material stemming of paradigm DRM (Deese, 1959; Roediger, & McDermott, 1995) and R/K (Tulving, 1985) and finally a memory–slip test (Jacoby, 1991; Hay, & Jacoby, 1996, 1999; Guerdoux, 2009). These tasks were administered to a first population of civil persons traumatized by the Congo War in comparison to a population of persons of the Burkina Faso not traumatized. Our results invalidated our hypotheses as for the existence of a deficit of inhibition in particular in the presence of an emotional verbal material in connection with the lived traumatic events. The results of our studies militate for a hypercontrol and a hyperinhibition of any material in connection with the trauma. That is why we try to explain this hypercontrol as the sign of an emotional expulsion such as defined by Freud (1926) or the sign of a psychic dissociation defined by Janet (1986, 1987)
Mwana, Kitata Job. "Église catholique et crise socio-politique en RD Congo : analyse discursive de la parole épiscopale catholique sur la paix (1990-2010)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28176.
Full textDeveloped around the question: « What are the bishops’ discursive strategies for turning agents into actors of desired change, and hence into peacemakers », research shows from the rhetorical analysis of eight speeches by the bishops of the CENCO, the impact and pragmatic of their speeches in the reconstruction of the peace in the DRC. To be based on an empirical basis the socio-political crisis in the DRC (1990-2010), the rhetorical analysis of the episcopal word, emerging in the pragmatics of communication as elaborated in the theory of C. Perelman’s argumentation, in the argumentative analysis of R. Amossy’speech and P. Charaudeau’s political discourse, deals with the reconstruction of the Nation, the consolidation of peace and the prospects for a peaceful, just and prosperous democratic Congo. The analysis raises two major issues: it pursues a pragmatic aim in order to produce an effective impact on the audience and constructs new meanings, precisely, a new system of values on which to build the Nation. Putting the focal point on the values of the ethos: paradigms of « must-do » and of « bring-into-being », the research is inscribed in the moral theology, precisely theological ethic. These structuring values are normative principles, principles of reflection and anchors that the theological and ethical discourse on peace. To the counter values that threaten peace, analysis proposes, starting from the elaborations of P. Ricoeur on responsibility and coherence, and of M. Foucault’s on truth, an ethic of responsibility and an ethic of coherence backed by eths ethic of truth. Peace is a civic responsibility, a component of the ethics of fraternity built on the ethics of truth. The alethic generate the ethic of coherence among the recipients. The correctness of discourse the authenticity of life, the conformity of speech to the way of living and acting, the ethics of coherence as a mode of sincerity and authenticity of life, make it possible to build peace and self-Homonoïa in the DRC. Keywords: peace, ethos, logos, doxa, dialogism, values, change, reconstruction, consolidation, pragmatics, rule of law, rhetorical analysis, discourse analysis, ethic of responsibility, ethic truth, ethic of coherence.