To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Psychometric validation.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Psychometric validation'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Psychometric validation.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Padilla-Bautista, Joaquin Alberto, Rolando Díaz-Loving, Isabel Reyes-Lagunes, Christian Enrique Cruz-Torres, and Nélida Padilla-Gámez. "Locus of control in mate choice: Etno-Psychometric validation." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123828.
Full textAbstract:
Today it seems as if each individual is responsible for choosing his/her mate. Historically, this process has been mainly regulated by culture, family and society, which make the rules and norms, and defines suitable behaviors in the mate selection process. This research aimed at constructing a scale to analyze if people consider themselves responsible for the choice of their partner and to what extent. A qualitative study using ATLAS.ti content analysis resulted in different theoretical factors. A second study sought to corroborate the theoretical factors using a principal component analysis, determining the following factors: Destiny-Predestination, Powerful Microcosm, and Internal Control factor, which explain 50.94% of the variance with 17 items. The instrument shows that the locus of control in mate choice is not a continuum that moves between internality and externality but, rather, it is multidimensional.En la actualidad pareciera que cada individuo es responsable de la elección de pareja, sin embargo, históricamente ha sido regulado por la cultura, familia y sociedad, quienes marcan las reglas, normas y conductas adecuadas para dicha elección. Esta investigación tuvo como propósito la construcción de una escala que analiza si una persona se considera a sí misma como responsable de la elección de su pareja; para ello se cuestiona la globalidad del proceso de locus de control. Un primer estudio, cualitativo, obtuvo indicadores usando ATLAS.ti, para obtener factores teóricos. Un segundo estudio corroboró los factores teóricos mediante un análisis de componentes principales, mostrando la existencia de los factores de: DestinoPredestinación, Poderosos del Microcosmos, y Control Interno, explicando con sus 17 ítems el 50.94% de varianza. Se concluye que el locus de control en la elección de pareja no es un continuo que se mueva entre internalidad y externalidad, sino que es multidimensional.
Actuellement, il semble que chaque individu est responsable du choix d’un couple, mais, historiquement, il a été réglementé par la culture, la famille et la société, qui marquent les règles, les normes et les comportements appropriés pour cette élection. Le but de cette recherche était la construction d’une échelle qui analyse si une personne se considère comme responsable du choix de son partenaire; pour cela, la globalité du processus de locus de contrôle est mise en question. Une première étude qualitative a obtenu des indicateurs en utilisant ATLAS.ti, pour obtenir des facteurs théoriques. Une deuxième étude a corroboré les facteurs théoriques au moyen d’une analyse des composantes principales, montrant l’existence des facteurs: Fate-Pré- destination, Microcosme Puissant et Contrôle Interne, expliquant avec leurs 17 items les 50.94% de variance. Nous concluons que le locus de contrôle dans le choix du couple n’est pas un continuum qui se déplace entre l’internalité et l’externalité, mais qu’il est multidimensionnel.
Hoje, parece que cada indivíduo é responsável pela escolha de seu parceiro, no entanto, tem sido historicamente regulado pela cultura, família e sociedade, que estabelecem regras, normas e comportamentos adequados a essa escolha. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo construir uma escala que analise se uma pessoa se considera responsável pela escolha de seu parceiro; para isso, a globalidade do processo de locus de controle é questionada. Um primeiro estudo qualitativo, obteve indicadores usando ATLAS.ti, para obter fatores teóricos. Um segundo estudo corroborou os fatores teóricos através de uma análise de componentes principais, mostrando a existência dos fatores de Destinação-Predestinação, Poderosa do Microcosmo e Controle Interno, explicando com seus 17 itens 50.94% de variância. Concluímos que o locus de controle na escolha do par não é um continuum que se move entre internidade e externalidade, mas é multidimensional.
2
Basinger, Karen S. "Psychometric validation of the sociomoral reflection measure--short form /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148767844425585.
Full text
3
Menzel, Jessie E. "The Psychometric Validation of the Physical Body Experiences Questionnaire." Scholar Commons, 2010. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1710.
Full textAbstract:
Embodiment is defined as a state in which one experiences one's body as an essential and loved aspect of one's lived experiences, a potential protective factor against body image and eating disturbance. While qualitative studies have been conducted to examine the nature of embodiment, a quantitative measure has not yet been created. The Physical Body Experiences Questionnaire was rationally derived as a measure of embodiment based on focus groups, literature reviews, and expert review. These qualitative methods resulted in a 32-item scale measured on a 7-point Likert scale. Based on the results of a pilot study conducted with 670 female undergraduate participants, revisions were made to the PBE to improve item wording and reduce the number of negative items in the scale.
The aims of the study were to assess the psychometric properties of the revised PBE, test the convergent and predictive validity of the questionnaire, and confirm the factor structure of the questionnaire. The PBE - along with several other measures of body image, self-objectification, and disordered eating - was administered to two independent samples randomly selected from a pool of 638 female undergraduate students at least 18 years of age.
In Sample 1, exploratory factor analyses indicated that 4 factors should be retained. The final PBE consisted of 18 items and 4 subscales (Mind/Body Connection, Body Acceptance, Physical Competence, and Physical Limits). The total scale and subscales demonstrated excellent internal consistency. Significant correlations were found between the PBE subscales and measures of body awareness, body responsiveness, body satisfaction, positive body image, self-objectification, disordered eating, and self-esteem. Regression analyses indicated the subscales differentially predicted disordered eating and positive body image. Results indicated the utility of the Mind/Body Connection and Body Acceptance subscales in predicting body awareness, body responsiveness, positive body image, body satisfaction, self-objectification, disordered eating, and positive body image.
In Sample 2, confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the factor structure of the PBE. These findings indicate that the PBE has important utility for future investigations of positive body image, physical activity, and disordered eating. Limitations of the study are discussed.
4
Fultz, Monica V. "Psychometric validation of the Hispanic Bilingual Gifted Screening Instrument (HBGSI)." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2429.
Full textAbstract:
There is an evident under-representation of Hispanic students in Gifted and Talented (GT) programs. This is due to several reasons including lack of valid instruments, biased standardized tools, biased teacher perceptions, and misinterpretation of tests scores among others. The need to develop and/or validate instruments that reflect students?? cultural backgrounds has become a priority in the U.S. today. The purpose of this study was to analyze the reliability and validity facets of the Hispanic Bilingual Gifted Screening Instrument (HBGSI) developed by Irby and Lara-Alecio (1996), more specifically, the split-half reliability and the concurrent validity when correlated to the Bilingual Verbal Abilities Test (BVAT). Participants were 527 students from two elementary schools in Texas. Students were administered the HBGSI in May 2003 and a reduced sample was administered the BVAT in the latter part of 2003 and the beginning of 2004. Results were analyzed, interpreted and discussed. The researcher found that the HBGSI has evidence of high reliability coefficients using Guttman, Spearman-Brown and Cronbach??s alpha ranging from .93 to .97. Concurrent validity was computed using Pearson correlation coefficient r =.39. Additionally, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted and revealed the existence of 5 factors. Among the primary limitations is the generalizability of the findings. Readers should use caution in applying the findings of this study to other settings and populations. Further research is recommended to establish the concurrent validity of the HBGSI with other achievement measures. In conclusion, there has been a contemporary move to the incorporation of inclusive screening instruments for use with language minority students. This movement suggests the inclusion of portfolio and performance assessment, checklists, and teacher observations in addition to standardized measures. The HBGSI has shown promising results in the arena of Hispanic gifted identification. This instrument is recommended to be used at the first stage of the screening process of potential Hispanic GT students. This study provided insight into the improvement of practices and identification of Hispanic bilingual students.
5
Milliken, Aimee. "The Development and Psychometric Validation of the Ethical Awareness Scale." Thesis, Boston College, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107493.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis advisor: Pamela J. GraceBackground: As established in professional codes of ethics, critical care nurses must be equipped to provide good (ethical) patient care. This requires ethical awareness, which involves recognizing the ethical implications of all nursing actions (ranging from the mundane to the dilemmatic). Ethical awareness is imperative in successfully addressing patient needs, however, evidence suggests that the ethical import of everyday issues may often go unnoticed by nurses in practice. Assessing nurses’ ethical awareness is a necessary first step in preparing nurses to identify and manage ethical issues in the highly dynamic critical care environment. Purpose: To use Rasch principles to develop a psychometrically sound instrument to assess the nature and extent of critical care nurses’ ethical awareness in the context of everyday nursing practice, and to assess the success of scale development using a Rasch model. Method: An item bank representing nursing actions was developed (33 items). Content validity testing with nursing ethics experts (n = 5) was performed (CVI-I = 1). Eighteen items were selected for face validity testing with graduate nursing students (n = 7). After revisions, two full-scale pilot administrations were performed to run item analyses. Sample: Critical care nurses (n = 116) at a large academic teaching hospital in New England. Results: Pilot test analyses suggest sufficient item invariance across samples and sufficient construct validity. Final analyses demonstrate a progression of items uniformly along a hierarchical continuum; items that match respondent ability levels; response categories that are sufficiently used; a Principle Components Analysis demonstrating randomness of residuals, and adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.83). Mean ethical awareness scores were in the low/moderate range (M = 34.9/54; logit = -0.21). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest the Ethical Awareness Scale (EAS) is a psychometrically sound, reliable, and valid measure of ethical awareness in critical care nurses
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2017
Submitted to: Boston College. Connell School of Nursing
Discipline: Nursing
6
Harvey, Michelle B. "Development and Psychometric Validation of the State-Trait Spirituality Inventory." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4609/.
Full textAbstract:
The present study contributes to the widening body of spirituality research by conceptualizing it as a state-trait construct. A new measure of spirituality, the State-Trait Spirituality Inventory (STSI), was created and validated according to psychometric methods of test construction. In its current form, the STSI contains seven state spirituality items and six trait spirituality items. A thorough review of the literature identified common themes in spirituality definitions and assisted in developing definitions of trait and state spirituality. Internal consistency for the trait scale was .88 and for the state scale, .68. Good test-retest reliability was found with coefficients of .84 for trait spirituality and .81 for state spirituality. Results from a preliminary undergraduate sample as well as from the validation sample yielded a two-factor solution. In general, items determined by expert panels as trait items loaded on one factor and items deemed to be state items loaded on the second factor. Multitrait multimethod analysis yielded mixed findings for convergent, divergent, and concurrent validity for the spirituality and religiosity traits. Methods consisted of paper-and-pencil cognitive and behavioral measures. Cognitive measures were more likely to support convergent/divergent validity than were behavioral measures. A major emphasis in the study was to determine whether state and/or trait spirituality were able to predict current health status and provide evidence for predictive validity. Positive relationships were identified between trait spirituality and the mental health measures of the Short Form-36® (SF-36). In contrast, it was negatively related to the Role-Physical scale. State spirituality was inversely related to the Physical Component scale. These findings are discussed within the context of minimal research using the SF-36 and spirituality measures. The MTMM analysis was limited by available spirituality and religiosity measures that contain only cognitive or behavioral items. Suggestions for future research are offered.
7
Pugh, Kelley, Andrea D. Clements, and Jameson K. Hirsch. "The Surrender to God Scale: Psychometric Validation and Psychological Correlates." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7236.
Full textAbstract:
(1) Surrender to God (STG), is a construct which quantifies the extent to which an individual willingly relinquishes control to God. (2) An STG scale has been developed, yet remains unvalidated, as it relates to psychological constructs. (3) Utilizing undergraduate participants (N=249), we conducted a psychometric validation of the STG scale, and examined its potential relation with depression, anxiety, stress, and suicide risk
8
Mavroveli, Stella. "Psychometric validation of trait emotional intelligence in middle and late childhood." Thesis, UCL Institute of Education (IOE), 2008. http://eprints.ioe.ac.uk/19307/.
Full textAbstract:
Trait emotional intelligence (trait EI or trait emotional self-efficacy) is a constellation of emotion-related self-perceptions and dispositions located at the lower levels of personality hierarchies (see Petrides & Furnharn, 2000,2003; Petrides, Furnham, & Mavroveli, 2007). Trait EI provides comprehensive coverage of the affective aspects of personality and has been validated in several studies with adults and, less often, with adolescent samples. Research with children within the domain has been generally neglected. Therefore, the main goal of the thesis was the psychometric validation of trait EI in middle and late childhood where research was lacking. This venture included both the development of an age-appropriate conceptual definition and a measure of trait EI. The initial operationalisation of the construct was based on data generated through a qualitative method, which aimed at identifying and defining salient facets of children's affective personality. The preliminary pool of facets in children's trait EI sampling domain included 11 theoretical constructs, which were subsequently reduced to 9 constructs based on correlational methods (see Robinson, Shaver, & Wrightsman, 1991). The Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Child Form (TEIQue-CF) was developed to measure trait EI in children. The structure of the measure mirrored the conceptual definition of trait EI and provided comprehensive coverage of children's trait EI sampling domain. The psychometric properties of the TEIQue-CF were examined in a string of seven studies, which provided sufficient evidence for the measure's internal consistency, temporal stability, and construct validity. Specifically, internal consistency indices varied from 73 to 84, and the evidence for construct validity was consistent with the theoretical postulates of trait EI and related research with adults and adolescents. Overall, the empirical findings showed low to zero correlations between trait EI and indices of cognitive ability, such as verbal and nonverbal IQ, reading and spelling scores, and SAT scores on English, math, and science. Additionally, trait EI scores differentiated between a) pupils with unauthorised absences or exclusions from school and their well-adjusted peers and b) pupils with special educational needs and those without such needs. Higher trait EI scores were also positively related to teacher- and peer-rated positive (prosocial) behaviour, negatively related to negative (antisocial) behaviour, and predicted emotion perception accuracy. The data from all seven studies showed that the TEIQue-CF has sound psychometric properties and is a potentially useful trait EI tool. On the whole, our findings provided support for the validity of trait EI and for its saliency in predicting and explaining important psychological, socioemotional, and behavioural criteria in middle and late childhood.
9
Tawab, Rauja Abdel. "Development and psychometric validation of a framework for medication-related consultations." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.413088.
Full textAbstract:
This research set out to develop a framework to evaluate the consultation skills of healthcare practitioners undertaking medication-related consultations. A medication-related consultation framework would facilitate the teaching and evaluation of consultation skills and provide a structured format for feedback. Furthermore, it would allow to identify practitioners' learning needs in order to target areas for improvement. The aims of this research were (i) to develop a standardised framework outlining key competencies that should be undertaken in a medicationrelated consultation, (ii) to assess the framework's psychometric properties (validity, reliability), and (iii) to produce guidelines to accompany the framework to facilitate its use and educational impact. To achieve these aims the research was divided into three parts. The first was concerned with the generation of the framework competencies. A critical review of relevant healthcare consultation literature identified key components of patient-centred consultations. The second part involved the testing of the framework's psychometric properties. Face and content validity were explored using a systematic approach to gain views of experts in the field of practitionerpatient consultations, student pharmacists, 'expert patients' and a framework development panel. Discriminant validity, inter and intra-assessor reliability and internal consistency were investigated using data obtained from 150 assessments following the application of the framework by ten assessors to fifteen video-taped simulated consultations of varying quality (good, satisfactory, poor). Any issues which arose as a result of the assessors' use of the framework were collated and addressed in the guidelines developed in part three of the study. The final consultation framework consisted of forty-six key competencies divided into five main sections. These were (A) Introduction (6 items), (B) Data Collection & Problem Identification (15 items), (C) Actions & Solutions (8 items), (D) Closing (3 items), and (E) Consultation Behaviours (14 items). Appropriate adjustments were made following the initial systematic review to improve its face and content validity. Use of the framework resulted in the assessment of the quality of a consultation on three levels; a rating for each individual competency (1 =not at all to 4=very good), a global rating for each section (5-point scale with the middle and extreme points anchored by explicit descriptors) and an overall rating for the entire conSUltation (5-point scale, 1 =poor to 5=very good). Additional space for qualitative comments was provided. The framework was found to discriminate between the rating of consultations at the overall level, i.e. between good, satisfactory and poor (Kruskal Wallis Chi-square=12.5; df=2; p<0.01) and to have moderate to high inter-assessor reliability at this level (rho=0.49 to 0.76). Inter-assessor reliability was low to moderate on the global assessment level (rho=0.26 to 0.68) and consistently low on the individual competency level (rhosO.39). Intra-assessor reliability was found to be generally higher than inter-assessor reliability with high agreements on the overall level (rho=0.59-0.95) and moderate to high on the global level (rho=0.42 to 0.94). The agreements on the individual competency level were inconsistent and ranged from low to high (rhosO.39 to ;::0.70). The framework's internal consistency was found to be acceptable for each section as indicated by moderate to high positive correlations between individual competencies and the corresponding global rating (rho=0.40 to 0.94) and by satisfactory Cronbach's alpha coefficients (ranging from a=0.58 to 0.97). This framework meets key criteria necessary for a formative assessment instrument in that it possesses good face, content and discriminant validity. Whilst the framework demonstrated acceptable inter-assessor and intra-assessor (test-retest) reliability on the overall assessment level and moderate agreement on the global assessment level, this was not the case on the individual competency level. This is acceptable for instruments used for formative assessments where the emphasis is placed on the identification of a practitioner's relative strengths and weaknesses and where specific strategies for improvement are to be fed back to the practitioner. However, in summative assessments where 'pass' or 'fail' decisions about a candidate's performance are made, the possession of high validity and reliability at all assessment levels is important. Further work is needed to test whether the use of the specific guidelines developed to support the framework and additional assessor training improves the framework's reliability when used by multiple assessors. Additionally, further validation studies need to be undertaken.
10
Sullivan, Bryce F. "The development, validation, and psychometric properties of the Relationship Belief Scale /." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487945320760057.
Full text
11
Akerman, Geraldine. "The development and validation of a psychometric measure of current sexual interest." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5744/.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the thesis was the development and validation of a measure of current sexual interest, a need highlighted in a clinical setting (Akerman, 2008). Chapter 1 reviewed the current measures, evaluated their usefulness and highlighted the need for an accessible psychometric measure. Chapter 2 described the development of the measure highlighting the difficulties involved in assessing such an elusive entity, presenting findings from a small sample of men in custody in the UK. In order to further validate the measure data was collected on other groups (men serving their sentence in the community in Texas, prisoners in less secure conditions in the UK described in Chapter 4 and students, Chapter 6) evoking discussion on the similarities and differences in sexual interest of such groups. As the findings evolved the need for a more objective measure was highlighted and so the Sex Offence Paralleling Behaviour Checklist was developed, allowing offence paralleling behaviour relating to risk, and observed by staff to be recorded. The Case Study method is used to explore one case in depth in Chapter 5, presenting findings from both tools. Finally, Chapter 7 pulls together the strands of research and highlights where future research may be focused.
12
Hoffman, Nicholas G. "Behavioral Religiosity Inventory : measure construction and validation /." Available to subscribers only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1968005081&sid=20&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full text
13
Liu, Yi-Hui. "Translation and psychometric validation of the Chinese version of the child-adolescent teasing scale." Thesis, Boston College, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/29.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis advisor: Judith A. VesseyTeasing among children is pervasive; however, it has received remarkably little attention in the empirical, theoretical, or methodological literature in Taiwan. The purposes of this study were to translate and psychometrically validate the Chinese versions of the CATS (CATS-C). The purposes for this study were accomplished in two major phases. Phase I focused on translating the CATS and evaluating the psychometric equivalency of the original English and translated CATS-C. First, the CATS was translated into Chinese and semantic equivalence was determined by three different kinds of evaluations during the translation process. Then, the semantic equivalence of the translated CATS-C was empirically tested with 25 6th grade bilingual students. The results of the paired sample t-test and the Pearson correlation indicated congruence between the two versions of the CATS on the semantic equivalence. In order to evaluate each item’s relevance in Taiwanese culture, a Content Validity Index (CVI) was calculated among the ratings of the five Taiwanese elementary school teachers. The CVI was .88 for the entire CATS and were .66 to 1.0 for the four subscales. One additional item, “personal hygiene”, was included at the suggestion of the experts. ii Phase II focused on evaluating the psychometric properties of the CATS-C. The 33-item adapted CATS-C was tested on a sample of 343 4th through 6th grade Taiwanese students to determine its psychometric properties. Construct validity was assessed through PCA with Varimax rotation. Reliability was tested through the analysis of internal consistency. The results showed that five-component solution was the most appropriate and interpretable solution for the 29-item CATS-C after deleting four items. Cronbach’s alpha was .91 for the total CATS-C scale and were .73 - .83 for the five CATS-C subscales. The 29-item CATS-C with five components is a culturally appropriate instrument which has potential for determining Taiwanese students at high risk from teasing. Further studies are recommended to test the reliability and validity of the CATS-C
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2008
Submitted to: Boston College. Connell School of Nursing
Discipline: Nursing
14
Theron, Carl Christiaan. "Psychometric implications of corrections for attenuation and restriction of range for selection validation research." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51398.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertation (D.Phil.) -- University of Stellenbosch, 1999.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The conditions under which selection procedures are typically validated and those prevailing at the eventual use of a selection procedure normally differ to a sufficient extent to challenge the relevance of the validation research evidence. Statistical corrections to the validity coefficient are generally available. The remainder of the argument in terms of which a selection procedure is developed and justified could, however, also be biased by any discrepancy between the conditions under which the selection procedure is simulated and those prevailing at the eventual use of the selection procedure. Relatively little concern, however, seem to exist for the transportability of the decision function derived from the selection simulation or the descriptions/ assessments of selection decision utility and fairness. This seems to be a somewhat strange state of affairs. The external validity problems with validation designs are reasonably well documented. It is thus not as if the psychometric literature is unaware of the problem of generalizing validation study research fmdings to the eventual area of application. The decision function is probably the pivot of the selection procedure in that it firstly captures the underlying performance theory, but more importantly from a practical perspective, because it guides the actual accept and reject choices of applicants. Restricting the statistical corrections to the validity coefficient would leave the decision function unaltered even though it might also be distorted by the same factors affecting the validity coefficient. Basically the same logic also applies to the evaluation of the decision rule in terms of selection utility and fairness. Correcting only the validity coefficient would leave the "bottom-line" evaluation of the selection procedure unaltered. Restricting the statistical corrections to the validity coefficient basically means that practically speaking nothing really changes. The fundamental research objective is to determine whether any discrepancy between the conditions under which the selection procedure is simulated and those prevailing at the eventual use of the selection procedure produces bias in estimates required to specify and justify the procedure; to delineate appropriate statistical corrections of the validity coefficient, decision rule and descriptions/ assessments of selection decision utility and -1< fairness, required to align the contexts of evaluation/validation and application; and to determine whether the corrections should be applied in validation research. The study provides no unqualified answers to the question whether corrections for various forms of range restriction and/ or criterion unreliability should be applied to the validity coefficient, the standard error of the validity coefficient or the parameters of the regression of the criterion on the predictor. Under specific conditions the corrections do affect decisions on the validity of performance hypotheses due to its effect on decisions on the significance of the uncorrected versus the corrected validity coefficient. Under specific conditions the corrections do affect decisions on applicants, especially when selection decisions are not restricted by selection quotas, due to its effect on the slope and intercept parameters of the regression of Y on X, and/ or due to its effect on the standard error of estimate.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die toestande waaronder keuringsprosedures tipes gevalideer word en die toestande waaronder die prosedure uiteindelik gebruik word, verskil normaalweg tot so 'n mate dat die relevansie van die bevindinge in die gedrang kom. Statistiese korreksies vir die geldigheidskoeffisient is algemeen beskikbaar. Die res van die argument in terme waarvan 'n keuringsprosedure ontwikkel en regverdig word kan egter ook verwring word deur dieselfde verskille tussen die toestande waaronder die keuringsprosedure gesimuleer word en die waaronder die prosedure uiteindelik gebruik word. Relatief min kommer bestaan skynbaar egter ten opsigte van die oordraagbaarheid van die besluitnemingsfunksie wat onder die gesimuleerde toestande ontwikkel is of ten opsigte van die verkree beskrywings van nut en billikheid. Hierdie toedrag van sake val ietwat vreemd op. Die eksteme geldigheidprobleme geassosieer met validasie-ontwerpe is redelik goed gedokumenteer. Dit is dus nie asof die psigometrika-literatuur onbewus is van die probleem wat by die veralgemening van resultate van geldigheidstudies ter sprake is nie. Die besluitnemingsfunksie is waarskynlik die spil waarom die keuringsprosedure draai daarin dat dit die onderliggende prestasie-teorie vergestalt, maar meer belangrik, daarin dat dit die daadwerklike aanvaarding en verwerping van applikante bepaal. Indien statistiese korreksies tot die geldigheidskoeffisient beperk word bly die besluitnemingsfunksie onveranderd, alhoewel dit ook moontlik verwring mag word deur dieselfde faktore wat sydigheid in die geldigheidskoeffisient te weeg bring. Dieselfde logika geld ook ten opsigte van die evaluasie van die besluitnemingsfunksie in terme van nut en billikheid. Indien slegs die geldigheidskoeffisient gekorrigeer word bly d.e "bottom-line" evaluasie van die keuringsprosedure onveranderd. Prakties gesproke dus, verander niks indien statistiese korreksies tot die geldigheidskoeffisient beperk word. Die fundamentele navorsingsdoelstelling is om vas te stel of verskille tussen die toestande waaronder die keuringsprosedure gevalideer word, en die toestande waaronder die prosedure uiteindelik gebruik word, sydigheid te weeg bring in die maatstawwe wat vereis word om die keuringsprosedure te spesifiseer en te regverdig; om toepaslike statistiese korreksies vir die geldigheidskoeffisient, besluitnnemingsreel en beskrywings van nut en billikheid af te lei ten einde die kontekste van simulasie/ validasie en toepassing te versoen; en om vas te stel of sodanige korreksies wel in validasie-navorsing toegepas behoort te word. Die studie verskaf geen ongekwalifiseerde antwoord op die vraag of korreksies vir die verskeie vorms van variansie-inperking en/ of kriterium onbetroubaarheid op die geldigheidskoeffisient, die standaardfout van die geldigheidskoefisient of die parameters van die regressie van die kriterium op die voorspeller toegepas behoort te word nie. Die korreksies affekteer wel besluite aangaande die geldigheid van prestasiehipoteses onder spesifieke toestande. Die korreksies het ook onder bepaalde toestande 'n effek op besluite aangaande applikante deur hul effek op die regressiekoeffisiente en/ of die standaardskattingsfout.
15
Brooks, Ashley S. "Conceptualisation and psychometric validation of a new measure of ambivalent homoprejudice towards gay men." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2016. http://arro.anglia.ac.uk/701817/.
Full textAbstract:
Prejudice towards gay men has almost exclusively been characterised as hostility. However, myriad other groups have been found to be targets hostile and benevolent (i.e., ambivalent) prejudice. Scholars have attempted to conceptualise ambivalent prejudice towards sexual minorities, but they are based on uncertain theoretical foundations. The aims of the current programme of research were, therefore, to develop a novel theory of ambivalent prejudice towards gay men in light of emerging literature, to further develop and nuance the nascent constructs of adversarial, repellent, romanticised, and paternalistic homoprejudice using qualitative methods, to develop a scale with which to measure the endorsement of such prejudice in the United Kingdom, and to provide evidence outlining the measure’s psychometric utility. A series of three empirical studies consisting of a focus group study on heterosexuals (n = 12) and gay men (n = 10), a large-scale survey study (n = 801), and a study of test-retest reliability (n = 131) were undertaken in order to address these aims. The qualitative findings corroborated and elaborated upon the initial theory development, suggesting that it offers a valid theoretical alternative to other theories. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and construct validation produced a multidimensional measure comprising the constructs identified in the earlier theory development and qualitative study. The proposed factor structure demonstrated good model fit and each subscale demonstrated good convergent, discriminant, and known-groups validity as well as good internal consistency and temporal stability. Altogether, these findings challenged competing theories’ accounts of attitudinal ambivalence towards gay men, offered a novel reconceptualization of these attitudes that was well-grounded in both data and theory, and produced a measurement tool with promising psychometric utility. Directions for future research such as further scale validation and behavioural studies are proposed and the implications of these findings on theory in this area is outlined.
16
Brooks, Ashley S. "Conceptualisation and psychometric validation of a new measure of ambivalent homoprejudice towards gay men." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2016. https://arro.anglia.ac.uk/id/eprint/701817/1/Brooks_2016.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Prejudice towards gay men has almost exclusively been characterised as hostility. However, myriad other groups have been found to be targets hostile and benevolent (i.e., ambivalent) prejudice. Scholars have attempted to conceptualise ambivalent prejudice towards sexual minorities, but they are based on uncertain theoretical foundations. The aims of the current programme of research were, therefore, to develop a novel theory of ambivalent prejudice towards gay men in light of emerging literature, to further develop and nuance the nascent constructs of adversarial, repellent, romanticised, and paternalistic homoprejudice using qualitative methods, to develop a scale with which to measure the endorsement of such prejudice in the United Kingdom, and to provide evidence outlining the measure’s psychometric utility. A series of three empirical studies consisting of a focus group study on heterosexuals (n = 12) and gay men (n = 10), a large-scale survey study (n = 801), and a study of test-retest reliability (n = 131) were undertaken in order to address these aims. The qualitative findings corroborated and elaborated upon the initial theory development, suggesting that it offers a valid theoretical alternative to other theories. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and construct validation produced a multidimensional measure comprising the constructs identified in the earlier theory development and qualitative study. The proposed factor structure demonstrated good model fit and each subscale demonstrated good convergent, discriminant, and known-groups validity as well as good internal consistency and temporal stability. Altogether, these findings challenged competing theories’ accounts of attitudinal ambivalence towards gay men, offered a novel reconceptualization of these attitudes that was well-grounded in both data and theory, and produced a measurement tool with promising psychometric utility. Directions for future research such as further scale validation and behavioural studies are proposed and the implications of these findings on theory in this area is outlined.
17
Bateman, Tanner Alan. "Construct Deficiency in Avoidance Motivation: Development and Validation of a Scale Measuring Vigilance." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74003.
Full textAbstract:
Two concerns dominate speculation about the lack of progress in motivational disposition research. First, truly unique dispositional constructs have not been identified since wide acceptance of the approach / avoidance distinction. Second, research has largely neglected to account for context in models of motivated behavior. Effective avoidance has systematically been unassessed in motivation research. Social cognitive theory was used to define an effective avoidance motivational trait, vigilance, as an antecedent to effective regulatory behaviors that are avoidant in nature and/or strategy. Two studies were conducted: First, development and psychometric evaluation of a scale measuring vigilance within the existing motivational trait framework (Heggestad and Kanfer, 2000). Exploratory and confirmatory analyses provided initial validity evidence for the vigilance construct; composed of diligence and error-detection facets. Convergent – discriminant analysis revealed that vigilance is significantly related to approach and avoidance motivational constructs identifying two possible sources of contamination in self-report measures of motivational traits. Measurement items may be contaminated with implied outcomes and measurement items may be contaminated with generalized self-efficacy. In the second study, a within-subjects experiment tested the predictive validity of the vigilance measurement scale for task-specific self-efficacy and performance on a task that rewards avoidance-oriented strategies. Vigilance predicted prevention task-specific self-efficacy ( = .29) in one of two experimental conditions. The validation study also offered construct validity evidence for the vigilance construct. Implications and future directions are discussed.Ph. D.
18
Hernandez, Jovan Omar. "Development and psychometric validation of the Perceived Classism Scales: measures of perceived social class discrimination." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4854.
Full textAbstract:
This paper discusses the development of the Perceived Classism Scales. Three separate studies were conducted to create and validate scales designed to measure Liu, Soleck, Hopps, Dunston, and Pickett's (2004) upward, downward, and lateral classism constructs in their Modern Classism Theory. An initial pool of 51-items was created to assess each of the three classism domains. Three hundred and three individuals participated in the first study, which consisted of an exploratory factor analysis of the 51 items. Results from the first study provided preliminary support for the measurement of two factors. The 51 items were pared down to two, 8-item scales reflecting upward and downward classism. The second study consisted of a confirmatory factor analysis to ensure each scale represented a good model fit to the data from 237 participants. Findings from the confirmatory factor analysis suggested some overlap between items and the downward classism scale was further reduced to 5-items and the upward classism scale was reduced to 6-items. The revised scales represented a good fit to the data and the scales were named Upward and Downward Classism. The third study served to establish construct validity and test-retest reliability of the Upward and Downward scales. One hundred sixty-nine people participated in the third and final study. Results provided initial support for the validity of the scales and the scales also showed good stability over a two-week period. In addition, implications of the current study for both researchers and clinicians are presented. Lastly, recommendations for improving the validity of the PCS scales and suggestions for future research are discussed.
19
Papadopoulos, Stephanie. "Weight stigma questionnaire : The development and validation of a weight stigma measure for use in adults." Phd thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2021. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/b70727afd419f0489d72efbf978fe8c7cb75e7bce5a09fcd16abb1c62d3b9be0/11508277/Papadopoulos_2021_Weight_stigma_questionnaire_The_development_and.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Weight stigma is pervasive and is associated with numerous negative consequences for biopsychosocial health and well-being. To study weight stigma, researchers have utilised the available measures intended to assess this phenomenon, and the number of weight stigma measures available is growing. The main objective of this research project was to assess the psychometric evidence of existing weight stigma measures for adults and use the findings of this research, along with a social psychology understanding of stigma, to inform the development of a new measure. I sought to achieve this across four studies. The first study was a systematic literature review and evaluation of the psychometric properties of every existing measure of weight stigma in adults. This review found that structural validity, internal consistency, and hypothesis testing were the most frequently assessed and reported psychometric properties, but evidence for content validity, cross-cultural validity, reliability, measurement error, criterion validity, and responsiveness were lacking in assessment/reporting. Additionally, the commonly discussed types of weight stigma (experienced, perceived, internalised) have not been carefully considered or represented in item development. In response to the findings of the review, the remaining studies report on the development and validation of a new weight stigma measure. Study 2 reports the item development and content validity assessment across four phases: (1) item development informed by theoretical and empirical literature, (2) item review by internal researchers assessing item relevance and comprehensiveness, (3) a Delphi Study with research experts assessing item relevance and comprehensiveness, and (4) a Cognitive Interview study with individuals from the community assessing item relevance, comprehensibility, and comprehensiveness. Experts and community members reviewed the scale in two rounds. Overall, consensus was achieved by all experts and community members, favouring inclusion of most of the items, after modification of item wording across rounds. The final number of items was 101. The next two studies involved conduct of psychometric assessment on the 101 items. Study 3 employed exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to reduce this item pool and identify the factor structure underlying the items. In addition to this, the scale’s internal consistency, reliability, and concurrent and known-groups validity was assessed. Participants (n = 999) included a sample of adults (aged 18-65) across the weight spectrum. The EFA identified six subscales in the final Weight Stigma Questionnaire (WeSQ): Perceived, Internalised, Functional self-stigma, Experienced, Healthcare, and Intimate Relationships subscales. The WeSQ and its subscales demonstrated excellent internal consistency (all α’s >.90) and test-retest reliability (all ICC’s > .90). Furthermore, the WeSQ and its subscales were (a) positively related to existing weight stigma measures (concurrent; all r’s > .56), and (b) related to weight, age, and gender in the expected direction. Finally, the goal of the fourth study was to confirm the factor structure of the scale and to gather evidence of convergent validity using a sample of adults (n = 614). The 6F structure was supported by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), meeting criteria on all relevant fit indices (CFI = .994, RMSEA = .043; SRMR = .056). Convergent validity was demonstrated via correlations with maladaptive eating behaviour, intuitive eating responses, body appreciation, quality-of-life, and sports and physical anxiety in the expected direction (all .09 < /r/ < .80). The final WeSQ is the first weight stigma measure to demonstrate satisfactory evidence of all psychometric properties. The WeSQ is suitable for use in clinical and research studies that aim to (1) explore the broad range of stigma experiences related to weight (of any weight) both across subscales or in specific subscales (using individual subscales only), (2) evaluate the impact, and/or possible risk factors associated with weight stigma, and (3) determine how the stigma types differentially relate to and predict biopsychosocial consequences.
20
Glendening, Zachary Shaw. "Behavioral Activation in a Homeless Shelter: Development and Validation of the Behavioral Activation Treatment Efficacy Measure." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1436819985.
Full text
21
Mcmurray, Megan Victoria. "The Psychometric Evaluation and Validation of a Measure Assessing Pharmacological and Social Alcohol Expectancies in Adolescents." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6320.
Full textAbstract:
Extending prior alcohol expectancy measurement research, this researcher (McMurray, 2013) recently developed the Pharmacological and Social Alcohol Expectancy Scale (PSAES). The PSAES is the only alcohol expectancy measure to date that provides adequate coverage of both social expectancies and the anticipated positive pharmacological effects resulting from alcohol consumption, and was developed and validated in a sample of young adults (aged 18-23). Research has shown that adolescents at high risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD) hold higher expectations of reward from alcohol, suggesting that expectancy patterns may help distinguish at-risk youth. Building upon the previous PSAES validation study, the primary purpose of the current study was to examine whether a version of the PSAES adapted for adolescents (the PSAES-A) provided a valid measure of pharmacological and social alcohol expectancies in adolescents. Results demonstrated that a respecified model of the PSAES-A adequately fit the proposed two-dimensional factor structure and provided justification for the items representing two distinguishable domains: social and pharmacological. The PSAES-A was then used to 1) examine patterns of alcohol expectancies and drinking behaviors in adolescents and 2) investigate whether risk (e.g., sensation seeking personality) was differentially associated with pharmacological and social expectancies in adolescents. Results indicated that pharmacological and social expectancies were differentially associated with various drinking behaviors (e.g., quantity, frequency) and that sensation seeking was significantly associated with both social and pharmacological expectancies in adolescents. The fact that alcohol expectancies differentially predicted quantity and frequency of drinking suggests that different expectancy processes affect adolescent’s decisions about how often they drink versus how much alcohol they consume on a given occasion. Implications and limitations are discussed.
22
Hoots, Valerie M. "Measurement of Nontheistic and Theistic Spirituality: Initial Psychometric Qualities of the Inclusive Spiritual Connection Scale." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3825.
Full textAbstract:
Spirituality represents a key part of life for the majority of U.S. adults and there is a growing body of research supporting relationships between spirituality and numerous health outcomes. Governing healthcare organizations have acknowledged the role religiousness and spirituality play in comprehensive and holistic patient care. While the U.S. shows documented trends towards diverse expressions of spirituality, existing theory-driven measures of spirituality are largely theocentric. The current study concludes a multiphase project that aimed at the outset to develop an inclusive measure of spirituality and establish initial psychometric evidence, validating its use across both theistic and nontheistic spiritual populations. The Inclusive Spiritual Connection Scale (ISCS) was developed based on an expanded conceptualization of spiritual connection to include both theistic and nontheistic expressions of spirituality. The current study builds on a previous study that established preliminary evidence of content validity of the ISCS, from which a 45-item pool was developed. In the present study, data were collected from 736 participants who indicated either theistic or nontheistic sources of spiritual connection. Using a split sample approach (primary developmental sample, n = 368; secondary developmental sample, n = 368) and a test-retest subsample (n =129), the 45-item pool underwent three phases of data analysis to establish initial psychometric evidence of the ISCS for use with theistic and nontheistic populations. Through a series of factor analytic procedures, the 45-item pool was reduced to 13 items, yielding a unidimensional scale of spiritual connection with evidence of sound psychometric properties. The ISCS demonstrated adequate evidence of convergent validity, limited evidence of divergent validity, and strong evidence of reliability. Assessment of measurement equivalence across nontheistic and theistic groups yielded partial evidence of equivalence; however, the baseline levels of spiritual connection appeared to differ between theistic and nontheistic participants. Initial psychometric properties support the ISCS as a reliable and valid tool to assess spiritual connection in spiritually diverse populations, though comparison between spiritual groups requires further validation. The ISCS responds directly to existing gaps in research and possesses the ability to support holistic healthcare care for all US adults regardless of spiritual expression.
23
Nisipeanu, Damar Sandbrand. "Psychometric properties of the Intentions to Leave the Organization Scale (ILOS): a cross-cultural study." Instituto de Psicologia, 2015. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/19025.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-18T15:30:19Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
Dissertação de Damar Sandbrand_Dissertacao.pdf: 1333601 bytes, checksum: aea739c283b100e40a4aa379e5b6e3dc (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Portela (anapoli@ufba.br) on 2016-05-02T12:41:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Damar Sandbrand_Dissertacao.pdf: 1333601 bytes, checksum: aea739c283b100e40a4aa379e5b6e3dc (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-02T12:41:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Damar Sandbrand_Dissertacao.pdf: 1333601 bytes, checksum: aea739c283b100e40a4aa379e5b6e3dc (MD5)
The focus of the present study is to introduce into organizational researches a new psychometric scale that identifies the intention of an employee to leave the company he works for, based only on external and internal aspects to the organization (e.g. payroll, work and life balance); aspects that could stimulate a person to leave or remain in his/her current job. The Intention to Leave the Organization Scale (ILOS) was built with 31 items, using the Likert Scale model, ranging from 1 – Totally Disagree – to 6 – Totally Agree. All items of the ILOS referred to conditions that would influence the decision of an employee to leave his current organization, as for example, “I would move to another company if it was significantly larger than my current organization”. The instrument was distributed to 146 business employees of a same international company in the automotive field, located in over 46 countries. Participants were chosen randomly, despite their age, gender, business function or location. To be able to get to all participants, the questionnaire was introduced into an online platform – Google Docs - that enabled all answers to arrive anonymously and on time. The results were parted into five bigger groups of participants, based on other cross-cultural studies conducted in the organizational field. Those studies indicated a strong consistency between the cultural values of countries located in five main regions: Americas, Europe, Eastern-Europe, Africa and Asia. The reliability and validity of the scale were tested and approved, making the instrument a valid and useful tool for future researches. Beyond the possibility of using the ILOS as an organizational and academic instrument, the results acquired in this study can also be analyzed and used in future researches, especially the ones that are willing to make a comparison of the intention of an employee to leave his organization, cultural aspects he is surrounded, and the local labor market or economic situation.
24
Rovnak, Amanda M. "A PSYCHOMETRIC INVESTIGATION OF THE EMOTIONAL QUOTIENT INVENTORY IN ADOLESCENTS: A CONSTRUCT VALIDATION AND ESTIMATE OF STABILITY." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1175100013.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertation (Ph. D.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Counseling, 2007."May, 2007." Title from electronic dissertation title page (viewed 04/02/2008) Advisor, Cynthia Reynolds; Committee members, Isadore Newman, Carole Newman, Sandra Perosa, Fred Ziegler; Interim Department Chair, Sajit Zachariah; Dean of the College, Patricia A. Nelson; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.
25
Shunmuga, Sundaram Chindhu. "Patient-reported outcome measures relevant to head and neck cancers: A cross-cultural study." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24942.
Full textAbstract:
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the second most common cancer in India due to high rates of tobacco & alcohol consumption. Its proximity to anatomical sites involving appearance, communication, & eating, may result in unique effects. Unmet needs & psychological morbidity are likely to be high in this population, but assessments have been hampered by the lack of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in Indian languages. This study aimed to find HNC-relevant PROMs assessing body image, unmet needs, anxiety & depression; translate them into Tamil, Telugu and Hindi and achieve linguistic & psychometric validation. Systematic reviews identified PROMs which were then translated following international guidelines. Health care professionals & HNC population speaking the chosen languages were recruited from cancer centres in India. For the validation study, consenting participants completed translated versions of Body image scale (BIS), Patient Concerns Inventory (PCI), Zung’s self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) & Patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Health-related quality of life (HRQL) information were also obtained. Nine healthcare professionals & 29 HNC patients participated in the linguistic validation study; semantic, cultural and conceptual issues were identified and resolved to achieve equivalence between translated and original versions of the PROMs. For the validation study, 621 HNC population (Tamil = 205, Telugu = 216 & Hindi = 200) participated. PROMs were reliable & valid and as hypothesized, HRQL correlated with PROMs across all three languages. Results from PCI showed ‘fear of cancer recurrence’ & ‘cancer treatment’ were commonly reported. Routine assessment of psychological morbidity in HNC population is an efficient and cost-effective means of identifying psychosocial impact of HNC & treatment. Translated PROMs are acceptable and can be used in both research & clinical settings to help improve services for Indian HNC populations around the globe.
26
Krüger, Christina. "The state scale of dissociation : development, psychometric validation, and application in a study of concurrent electro-encephalographic correlates." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1998. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/38291/.
Full textAbstract:
The distinction between state and trait dissociation informed the development and psychometric validation of the State Scale of Dissociation (SSD) and the study of concurrent electro-encephalographic (EEG) correlates of experimentally induced dissociative states. Existing scales measure trait dissociation. The need for a state scale was addressed by the development and testing of a present-state, self-report measure. Fifty-eight preliminary items were sorted into 7 subscales: derealisation, depersonalisation, identity confusion, identity alteration, conversion, amnesia, and hypermnesia. A revised 56-item SSD was administered with other psychiatric scales (DES, BDI, BAI, SCI-PANSS) to patients with DSM-IV major depressive disorder (n=19), schizophrenia (n=18), alcohol withdrawal (n=20), dissociative disorders (n=10), and controls (n=63). The SSD was demonstrated to be a valid and reliable measure of severity, and changes in severity, of dissociation at the time of its completion. Discriminant validity, content, concurrent, predictive, internal criterionrelated, internal construct, and convergent validities were confirmed statistically by factor analysis, Spearman's rho correlations, confidence intervals, predictive analysis, and parametric and non-parametric comparisons of dependent and independent samples. It showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.97) and high splithalf reliability (Guttman coefficient = 0.92). The conversion subscale clustered with the other subscales into one general factor on factor analysis and did not support its segregation from dissociative disorders in DSM-IV. State characteristics of dissociation were also examined in 11 patients with complex partial epilepsy. The relationship between concurrent EEG and experimentally induced dissociative states was examined by repeated SSD and baseline DES measurements after spectral analysis of EEG. Canonical analysis demonstrated significant SSD-EEG correlations. Amnesia, identity alteration, and identity confusion correlated with theta, frontal delta, and fast wave EEG activity respectively. The SSD now allows for further investigation of the suggested state continuum of severity and trait continuum of frequency of dissociation in more comprehensive studies of concurrent neurobiological correlates.
27
Hanchanchaikul, Chanokporn. "Family coping during adult critical illness : development and psychometric validation of the coping questionnaire for the Thai families /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7239.
Full text
28
Tosterud, Randi. "Simulation used as a learning approach in nursing education : Students’ experiences and validation of evaluation questionnaires." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-34549.
Full textAbstract:
The overall aim was to investigate bachelor nursing students’ experiences with simulation as a learning approach conducted under various conditions. Additionally, the aim was to translate and validate questionnaires for the evaluation of simulation in a Norwegian context. Methods: Quantitative and qualitative methods were used. Nursing students responded to three questionnaires after attending either low- or high-fidelity simulation. Data were analyzed with statistics (I). Two evaluation questionnaires were subjected to a principal components analysis (II, III). Data were obtained from nursing students through focus group interviews, and analyzed with a qualitative content analysis (IV). Main findings: Independent of the fidelity level in the simulation and educational level, the students reported satisfaction and that the emphasized features in learning were present. Those who had used a paper/pencil case study were the most satisfied (I). Debriefing was reported to be crucial for learning, but in particular by attending the large groups, also as a stressful and intrusive situation (IV).The Norwegian version of the questionnaire, the Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence Scale, revealed no stable factor solution (II). The translated version of the Debriefing Experience Scale was shown to hold a good potential for evaluating debriefing, but benefited from reducing the subscales (III). To ensure safety and security were reported to be a prerequisite for learning, with the students requesting a more frequent use of simulation and a higher degree of familiarity with active learning in their program in general (IV). Conclusions: Simulation at all fidelity levels should be used in nursing education. To exploit the potential, the learning approaches should be integrated into the program in general through a systematic and structured building of a learning community. A further validation and testing of the questionnaires in different programs and contexts is needed.
29
Sucaromana, Usaporn. "The Thai Emotional Intelligence Screening Test : Measurement and Validation with Pre-service Teachers." Thesis, Griffith University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365518.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine the Thai Emotional Intelligence Screening Test (TEIST), which has been used extensively as a research and survey tool in Thailand since 2000. However, only a limited number of studies has examined the psychometric properties of the TEIST. Claims concerning test reliability, factor structure, and validity are yet to be substantiated. This study employed a mixed-methods research design to investigate the psychometric values of the TEIST, and was conducted over two phases. The first phase investigated the reliability and validity of the TEIST. The second phase of the study validated the revised version of the TEIST. Further validation of the TEIST to assess emotional intelligence was examined by comparing the TEIST to the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS), a well-validated measure of emotional intelligence. The quantitative results from the first phase of the study showed that the internal reliability of this original 52-item TEIST was equivalent to the reliability earlier reported by the Ministry of Public Health (2000). Confirmatory factor analysis via structural equation modelling indicated that the factors were consistent with the underlying theories of the measure examined; even though the 52-item TEIST was not found to provide an acceptable fit to the data according to the standard model fit statistics. The revised 15-item TEIST provided a statistically significant fit with the present data. Quantitative analysis revealed the psychometric properties of the revised version of the TEIST. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to assess the effects of order, cultural group, gender, and response-scale format. The analysis indicated that gender and group had positively significant effects on outcome scores at the multivariate level. Qualitative analysis using Leximancer was used to better understand what components and what themes might have been inherent in the text of the items of the TEIST, the WLEIS, and the responses to the interview. The qualitative findings indicated that concepts inherent in the TEIST were associated with the ability to manage one’s own and others’ emotions. In addition, the TEIST was able to distinguish between two groups of participants by indicating contrasting aspects of coping strategies. Qualitative results from the second phase of the study indicated that concepts inherent in the WLEIS items were related to the ability to understand and regulate one’s own and others’ emotion. Overall, the results from both quantitative and qualitative frameworks offered some evidence for the reliability and validity of the TEIST; however, further development and evaluation of the shortened version of the TEIST is warranted. This study complements the body of psychometric knowledge of the TEIST, introduces a shortened instrument with increased reliability and construct validity, and provides new theoretical and measurement insight into emotional intelligence across culture and within specific cultural settings. Specifically, it challenges the claim that emotional intelligence varies across cultural groups.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Education and Professional Studies
Arts, Education and Law
Full Text
30
Crabbe, Kamanaʻopono M. "Initial psychometric validation of He ʻAna Manaʻo o Na Moʻomeheu Hawaiʻi a Hawaiian ethnocultural inventory (HEI) of cultural practices /." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2002. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=765059971&SrchMode=1&sid=3&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1208476559&clientId=23440.
Full text
31
Van, Straten Wilhelmina. "Validation of a community collective efficacy scale in an African context / Wilmien van Straten." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1901.
Full text
32
Van, der Walt Carelyn. "Validation of a coping scale in an African context / Carelyn van der Walt." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2070.
Full text
33
Dissel, Jovika. "Validation of a scale to measure time perspective in an African context / Jovika Dissel." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1820.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of a shortened version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) in an African context. This self-report questionnaire, referred to as the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory -Revised Form (ZTPI-RF) consists of 20 items representing the five subscales of the original scale, namely: Past-Positive, Past-Negative, Present-Hedonistic, Present-Fatalistic and Future. The ZTPI-RF was completed by participants (N=1050) from urban (n=451) and rural (n=599) areas in the North-West Province of South Africa, together with a number of measures of psychological well-being. These scales, which were included for criterion-related validity purposes, were the Affectometer 2 (short version) (Kammann & Flett, 1983), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener, Emmons, Larsen & Griffin, 1985), Sense of Coherence Scale (Antonovsky, 1987, 1993) and the General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg & Hillier, 1979). Results regarding the reliability and construct validity of the ZTPI-RF and its subscales were unsatisfactory. Qualitative data was also obtained, and analyzed by means of direct content analysis to help establish a picture of how time perspective prevails in an African context, and to determine whether time perspective is associated with psychological well-being. Qualitative results showed that participants from an African context were strongly oriented toward the present and that social support played the most prominent role regarding participants' attitude toward the present. It was concluded that the ZTPI-RF is, in its current form, not reliable for the determination of time perspective of individuals from an African context, and that a longitudinal qualitative approach might be best suited to obtain information about the nature and dynamics of time perspective in an African context.Thesis (M.A. (Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.
34
Yabsley, Jaime-Lee. "Validation of a Child Version of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire – A Psychometric Tool for the Evaluation of Eating Behaviour." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37977.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Currently, 1 in 7 children are classified as obese, which represents an obesity rate two times higher than that of the last 25 years. Part of the solution to address the positive energy balance underlying weight gain is to target the specific eating behaviours and factors that lead to food intake. One widely used tool to measure eating behaviour is the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ).
Objective: The primary objective of this study was to validate scores of the 21-item Child version of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21 C), by examining validity evidence and reliability of TFEQ-R21 C responses in a sample of Canadian children and adolescents. The secondary aim was to examine the associations between the TFEQ-R21 C factors and body mass index (BMI) z-scores and food/taste preferences.
Methods: The participants consisted of a sample of 158 children, 63 boys (mean age: 11.5 ± 1.6 years) and 95 girls (mean age: 11.9 ± 1.9 years), recruited from English schools in the Ottawa area. To assess eating behaviour, participants filled out the TFEQ-R21 C, the Power of Food Scale, and the Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire. Height and weight measurements were taken using a stadiometer and a digital scale. An exploratory factor analysis with oblique rotation and an item analysis were conducted to determine the factor structure and validity of the questionnaire. A median split on Cognitive Restraint (CR), Internal Uncontrolled Eating (UE 1), External Uncontrolled Eating (UE 2), and Emotional Eating (EE) was used to dichotomize factor-based scores into high and low categories for each factor, to allow for group comparisons. Bivariate correlations explored relationships between weight, BMI and BMI z-score, and food and taste preference, by sex and age group. To determine if BMI, BMI z-scores, and food/taste preferences were associated with factor scores of the TFEQ-R21 C, two-way ANOVAs were conducted.
Results: The exploratory factor analysis replicated the Emotional Eating (EE) and Cognitive Restraint (CR) scales of the original TFEQ-R21, whereas the global factor of Uncontrolled Eating (UE) produced two subscales: Internal Uncontrolled Eating (UE 1) and External Uncontrolled Eating (UE 2). Item 17 did not load onto any of the factors and was subsequently removed. The four-factor model, with item 17 removed (FFEQ-R21 C: 20-item Child version Four-Factor Eating Questionnaire), accounted for 41.2% of the common variance in the data and showed good internal consistency (α= 0.81). The factors of UE 1 (r= 0.27, p<0.001), UE 2 (r= 0.36, p<0.0001), and CR (r= 0.20, p= 0.04) correlated significantly with EE. Younger children reported higher UE 1 scores [F(1,143)= 3.99, p=0.048, f2= 0.028] and CR scores [F(1,143)= 3.99, p= 0.001, f2= 0.089]. Boys who reported a high UE 1 scores had a significantly higher weight [F(1,58)= 6.44, p=0.014, f2= 0.117 ] and BMI z-scores [F(1,58)= 4.45, p=0.039, f2=0.083], compared to those who reported low UE 1 scores. Children with overweight or obesity [F(1,143)= 2.75, p<0.001. f2= 0.035] reported higher EE scores, compared to children of normal weight. Children with high UE 1 scores reported greater preference for high protein and fat foods, and high fat savoury (HFSA) and high fat sweet (HFSW) foods, compared to those with low UE 1 scores. Higher preference for high protein, fat, and carbohydrate foods, and HFSA, HFSW, and low fat savoury foods (LFSA) foods was found in children with high UE 2 scores, compared to those with low UR 2 scores. Children and adolescents with low CR scores reported greater preference for high protein, carbohydrate, and fat foods, compared to those who reported high CR scores.
Discussion: This study showed adequate reliability and validity evidence of the TFEQ-R21 C scores, and that the questionnaire is best represented by a 20-item four-factor model in our sample. The FFEQ-R21 C was able to identify relevant eating behaviour traits associated with higher BMI z-scores and food preferences in both sexes and age groups, which were mainly in accordance with previous findings in children and adolescents. These results support the utility of the questionnaire for the assessment and identification of problematic eating behaviour and food preferences in the Canadian pediatric population. Younger children reported higher influence of the psychological constructs of eating behaviour (CR, UE 1, UE 2, and EE), compared to older children. This study provides preliminary evidence that FFEQ-R20 is a reliable and valid self-report tool to measure eating behaviour in children and adolescents to characterize those at higher risk for excess weight. However, further research is needed to examine the validity of the questionnaire in larger samples and in other geographical locations across Canada, as well as the inclusion of extraneous variables such as parental eating behaviour, socioeconomic status, and physical activity levels.
35
Ogaji, Daprim. "Development and validation of the patient evaluation scale (PES) for assessing the quality of primary health care in Nigeria." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/development-and-validation-of-the-patient-evaluation-scale-pes-for-assessing-the-quality-of-primary-health-care-in-nigeria(9513e68e-38ba-4069-b995-791a2e5986c8).html.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Patient evaluation of primary health care (PHC) as a recognised means of obtaining important information for quality improvement can be enhanced with the availability and use of acceptable, reliable and valid questionnaires. This research reports the development and validation of the patients' evaluation scale (PES) for assessment of the quality of primary health care in Nigeria. Methods: Mixed methods design was used to develop and validate items, response scale and domains in the Patients' Evaluation Scale. Items were derived from literature review and content analysis of interviews with patients. Face and content validity were established with primary health care experts and patients while quantitative pilots were conducted to determine questionnaire's acceptability across groups and appropriate response format. The conduct of a large multi-centre psychometric validation survey was used to determine the internal structure (exploratory factor analysis), reliability (internal consistency), construct, criterion and discriminative validities (Pearson's correlation coefficient, structural equation modelling using regression equation method) and acceptability (scale and item response pattern) of the questionnaire. The discriminatory properties were assessed by questionnaire's ability to differentiate population groups' scores in line with 'a priori' hypotheses. Results: The development resulted in the long and shortened forms of PES containing 27 and 18-items respectively. Both showed good indices for validity and acceptability among various population groups in Nigeria. PES-SF resulted from the deletion of items in PES that didn't meet recommended Eigen value < 1, factor loading < 0.5, item-total, item-domain correlation < 0.4 and item-item correlation within domains of < 0.2. PES-SF has Cronbach's alpha of 0.87 for entire questionnaire and 0.78, 0.79 and 0.81 respectively for the three domains (codenamed 'facility', 'organisation', and 'health care'). The three components solution from the Scree plot explained 56.6% of the total variance of perceived quality. Items correlated significantly higher with domain identified through factor analysis than with other domains. In line with 'a priori' hypothesis, scale and domains scores of PES-SF could differentiate population groups based on patients' clinical and socio-demographic characteristics. PES-SF scores also showed significant correlation with patient general satisfaction and likelihood of returning or recommending others to the PHC centres. Conclusion: The patient evaluation scale designed for exit assessment of patients' experiences with PHC in Nigeria shows good measurement properties. It will be useful to clinicians, researchers and policy makers for patient-focused quality improvement activities in Nigeria. Further research will involve translation to major Nigerian languages and to assess PES validity against observed quality criteria.
36
Alladio, Yanina, Valeria Morán, and Fabián Olaz. "Argentinean validation of the Rape Supportive Attitude Scale." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/101713.
Full textAbstract:
The tolerant attitudes towards sexual violence against women constitute an important risk factor that should be considered to explain this type of aggressive behavior. One of the instruments that evaluates these attitudes is the Rape Supportive Attitude Scale (RSAS) developed by Lottes. The results of different psychometric studies have demonstrated good indexes of reliability and validity in American, Spanish and Salvadorian university students. The purpose of the study was to explore the psychometric properties of the RSAS in Argen tinean university students. We provide evidence of content validity through expert ratings, process validity through cognitive debriefing interviews, and evidence of internal structure through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Finally, the internal consistency of the scale was estimated and an analysis of contrasting groups in relation to gender was con ducted. The results allow us to infer that the RSAS scale is a valid and reliable tool to assess rape supportive attitudes in Argentinean university students.Las actitudes tolerantes hacia la violencia sexual ejercida contra las mujeres constituyen un factor de riesgo importante a considerar en la explicación de este tipo de conductas. Uno de los instrumentos para evaluar estas actitudes es la Escala de Actitud Favorable hacia la Violación (EAFV) de Lottes, la que ha mostrado fiabilidad y validez en muestras de estu diantes universitarios estadounidenses, españoles y salvadoreños. El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento en estudiantes universitarios argentinos. Se aportó evidencia de contenido mediante juicio de expertos, evidencia de pro ceso de respuesta por medio de entrevistas de cognitive debriefing y evidencia de estructura interna a partir del análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. Finalmente, se estimó la consistencia interna de la escala y se realizó un análisis de grupos contrastados en relación al género. Los resultados obtenidos permiten inferir que la escala EAFV es un instrumento válido y confiable para evaluar actitudes favorables hacia conductas de violación en univer sitarios argentinos.
As atitudes tolerantes em relação à violência sexual contra as mulheres constituem um importante fator de risco a ser considerado para explicar esse tipo de conduta. Um dos instrumentos para avaliar esses comportamentos é o Questionário de Atitudes Favoráveis em Relação ao Estupro (QAFRE) de Lottes, que tem demonstrado confiabilidade e validez em amostras de estudantes universitários estadounidenses, espanhóis e salvadorenhos. O objetivo deste estudo foi explorar as propriedades psicométricas do questionário em estu dantes universitários argentinos. Evidencia sobre a validez do conteúdo foi fornecida através da avaliação de juízes expertos, a validez sobre o processo de resposta foi fornecida através de entrevistas de debriefing cognitivo ea validez de estrutura interna foi fornecida através das analises fatoriais exploratório e confirmatório. Finalmente, a consistência interna do questionário foi estimada e uma análise contrastando grupos em relação ao gênero foi feita. Os resultados obtidos permitem inferir que o questionário é válido e confiável para avaliar atitudes favoráveis em relação ao estupro em estudantes universitários argentinos.
37
Caycho-Rodríguez, Tomás, Lindsey W. Vilca, Carlos Carbajal-León, José Heredia-Mongrut, Miguel Gallegos, Nelson Portillo, Mario Reyes-Bossio, and Miguel Barboza-Palomino. "Obsession with Covid-19 in Peruvian police and armed forces: Validation of the obsession with Covid-19 Scale in Spanish using SEM and IRT models." Routledge, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655880.
Full textAbstract:
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.The study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (OCS) in 214 police and members of the armed forces (M age = 29.33 years, SD = 11.28). The one-dimensionality and satisfactory reliability of OCS were confirmed with confirmatory factor analysis, Item Response Theory analysis, Cronbach’s alpha, and McDonald’s omega. The scale is useful for identifying individuals with low levels of persistent and disturbing thoughts about COVID-19. COVID-19 obsession was associated with COVID-19 fear, anxiety, and depression. The OCS is suitable for investigating the psychological impact of COVID-19 on members of the police and armed forces.
38
Ek, Anders, and Petra Östlund. "Internet Validation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Mini-Social Phobia Inventory (Mini-SPIN) Applied to One Clinical and Two Nonclinical Samples." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-29711.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined the utility of the Mini-Social Phobia Inventory (MS) as a self-report screening measure of Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD). It also assessed whether there were any differences in the way in which respondents used the MS and other self-report measures when administered via the internet, as compared to standard pen and paper format. Data was collected from Swedish populations, using on clinical sample (n=133) and two samples of university students (n=795). The MS demonstrated adequate concurrent, convergent and divergent validity, and satisfactory discriminative validity, with an optimal cut-off value of 3. The psychometric properties of the scale were found to be equivalent across administration formats.Denna studie undersökte nyttan av Mini-Social Phobia Inventory (MS), ett kort självskattat screeningformulär för socialt ångestsyndrom (SAD). I studien undersöktes även om det fanns skillnader i användning av MS och andra självskattningsformulär när dessa administrerades via internet jämfört med det vanliga pennaoch-papper-formatet. Data samlades in från svenska populationer genom användning av ett kliniskt sample (n=133)och två samples bestående av universitetsstuderande (n=795). MS uppvisade adekvat samtidig, konvergent och divergent validitet samt tillfredsställande diskriminativ validitet, med ett optimalt cut-off-värde på tre. De psykometriska egenskaperna hos skalan ansågs vara likvärdiga mellan de olika administrationsformaten.
39
Ho, Ying-Chyi. "Psychometric evaluation of the sense of coherence scale with cross-validation using confirmatory factor analysis among Chinese college students in Taiwan /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1996. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9717166.
Full text
40
Machorrinho, Joana Isabel Palma. "Propriedades psicométricas da versão portuguesa do Multidimentional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/21794.
Full textAbstract:
A interocetividade é uma das principais componentes sensoriais na regulação do comportamento, referindo-se aos estímulos viscerais como frequência cardíaca, sensação de sede, dispneia, falta de ar, ou distensão da bexiga. A consciência interocetiva parece envolver diferentes dimensões e pode ser avaliada pelo Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA; Mehling et al., 2012), traduzido e validado em 8 países, e utilizado em contextos terapêuticos e preventivos. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi o de traduzir a mais recente versão do MAIA, com 38 itens organizados em 8 escalas, e verificar as suas propriedades psicométricas numa amostra de alunos universitários portugueses. Após um processo de tradução sistemática com grupo focal, uma amostra de 204 participantes (52% sexo feminino; idade média 21,3 ± 3,9 anos) responderam à versão traduzida do MAIA, e foi realizada uma análise fatorial exploratória. Uma segunda amostra de 254 participantes (71% sexo feminino; idade média 21,6 ± 4,8 anos) respondeu à segunda versão do MAIA com 33 itens, dos quais 20 voltaram a responder 15 dias depois, e 40 responderam também ao Inventário da Ansiedade de Estado e de Traço e ao Questionário das Cinco Facetas do Mindfulness. Realizou-se uma análise fatorial confirmatória e avaliação da fiabilidade temporal e validade convergente e divergente. Obteve-se um questionário adequado, de 33 itens e 7 dimensões, com boa validade convergente e fiabilidade temporal, que pode ser utilizado para avaliações de caráter preventivo ou terapêutico, estudos observacionais ou experimentais; Psychometric properties of Portuguese version of Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA)
Abstract:
Interoception is one of the mane sensorial components for behavior regulation, and it refers to visceral stimuli such as heartbeat, thirst, dyspnea, “air hunger” or distension of the bladder. Interoceptive awareness seems to involve several dimensions and can be evaluated with the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA; Mehling et al., 2012), translated and validated in 8 countries, used on therapeutic and preventive contexts. Main objective of this study was to translate the newest version of MAIA (not tested yet) with 38 items organized in 8 scales, as well as evaluate his psychometric properties in a sample of Portuguese university students. After systematic translation with focus group, one sample of 204 participants (52% females; medium ages 21,3 ± 3,9 years) responded to Portuguese MAIA, and an exploratory factor analysis was done. Another sample (n=254; 71% females; medium ages 21,6 ± 4,8 years) responded to a second version of Portuguese MAIA with 33 items, where 20 participants were retested after 15 days, and 40 additionally responded to Strait and Trace Anxiety Inventory and Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire. We’ve done a confirmatory factor analysis, as well as an evaluation of temporal reliability and convergent and divergent validity. We obtained an acceptable model with 33 items and 7 scales, with good convergent validity and acceptable temporal reliability, that can be used for preventive or therapeutic assessments, as well as observational or experimental studies.
41
Van, Rooy Sinette Gertruida. "Validation of a scale to measure psychosocial well-being in an African context / Sinette G. van Rooy." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1902.
Full text
42
Welch, James Simon. "Development and Preliminary Validation of the Adult Learning Experiences Scale for Adults with Language-Related Learning difficulties." Thesis, Griffith University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367405.
Full textAbstract:
The nature and impact of psychosocial issues experienced by adults with LD is not a well-researched area. Within the existing literature, several studies have highlighted the enduring emotional and social effects of LD in adulthood, including low self-esteem, reduced self-efficacy and interpersonal difficulties. However, there are various methodological issues that affect the conclusions that can be drawn from these studies, which limits the knowledge base and practical application of findings in this area. Currently, there is no measure that has been specifically designed and validated to assess the psychological functioning of adults with LD. To address this significant shortcoming, the broad objective of this research was to develop, pilot and evaluate the reliability and validity of the Adult Learning Experiences Scale (ALES). The ALES was designed to measure the distinct but inter-related constructs of personal appraisals (academic self-efficacy, situational cognitions and general beliefs), emotional reactions and coping and compensatory behaviours, which were considered most relevant to the psychological functioning of adults with language-related learning difficulties (LRLD).Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy in Clinical Psychology (PhD ClinPsych)
School of Applied Psychology
Griffith Health
Full Text
43
Gauche, Carina. "Burnout and engagement in a South African university student sample : a psychometric analysis / Carina Gauché." Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1077.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years, the concept of burnout has been expanded and is currently a concern in all
professions and occupational groups. Nowadays it is widely acknowledged that people in
almost any occupation could develop burnout. To-date, only two studies have examined
students' experiences of burnout. Therefore, research regarding this phenomenon in students
seems warranted. The objective of this study was to firstly investigate the psychometric
properties of adapted versions of the Maslach Burnout Inventory and Utrecht Work
Engagement Scale in a sample of students from a tertiary institution, and secondly to consider
the role of biographical variables in relation to burnout and engagement levels.
A cross-sectional survey design was used to attain the research objectives. For the purposes
of this study, an availability sample of students (N=353) majoring in Organisational
Behaviour was drawn at one point in time. The adapted Maslach Burnout Inventory - Student
Survey (MBI-SS) and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale - Student Survey (UWES-S) as
well as a biographical questionnaire were administered.
Structural equation modelling confirmed two-factor models of Burnout (consisting of
Exhaustion and Cynicism) and Engagement (consisting of Vigour and Dedication).
Biographical variables which appear to be predictive of differences in levels of student
burnout are home language, overall health status and consideration given to quitting their
studies, while engagement is related to home language, academic year of study and
consideration given to quitting studies.
Recommendations for future research were also madeThesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.
44
Pretorius, Marlize, and Marlize Redelinghuys. "Validation of a selection battery used by the South African Military Academy." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5274.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MComm (Industrial Psychology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The objective of this study is to determine whether the psychometric evaluation procedure, used by the South African Military Academy to make selection decisions, can validly predict academic performance of first year learners, whether this procedure is fair and whether the procedure is efficient. The sample used for this study consisted of three year groups (First Year Students of 2001, 2002 and 2003) enrolled at the Military Academy. In theory specific learning behaviours (learning competencies) are instrumental in attaining academic performance. These learning behaviours, in turn, depend on and are expressions of a complex nomological network of person-centered characteristics (learning competency potential). Differences in learning performance can be explained in terms of learning behaviours. Learning competencies are instrumental in achieving the learning outcomes for which the academic programme exists. Learning competencies, in turn, can be explained in terms of learner characteristics. In order to differentiate between candidates who have better or poorer training prospects in terms of a construct orientated approach to selection, a performance hypothesis on the person-centered drivers of the learning competencies is used. It is argued that the degree of competence in: (1) the core cognitive processes/competencies that constitute learning (transfer and automatization) and are necessary to create meaningful structure in novel learning material, (2) the intellectual drivers of these learning competencies (fluid intelligence and information processing capacity), (3) proficiency in English and (4) past academic performance, should discriminate between better or poorer academic performance of learners attending the academic programmes at the SA Military Academy. The grade point average of the first year first semester academic results is used as a measure of the criterion construct. Almost all of the results obtained in this study support the theory and propositions made by the performance hypothesis. Only one variable, accuracy of information processing, did not perform as predicted by the performance hypothesis. Prior learning explained the most variance in the criterion (r=0,4312). The inter-correlation amongst the predictors is used to infer the proportion of unique variance each predictor accounts for in the composite criterion. A regression of the composite criterion on the array of predictors (X2 – X12) revealed that only memory and understanding (X9) and prior learning (X12) uncovered relevant and unique information about determinants of performance on the criterion not conveyed by the remaining predictors in the model. The remaining predictors in the selection battery can consequently be considered redundant since they provide no new information not already conveyed by X9 and X12. When YGPA is regressed on the weighted combination of X9 and X12, only X12 significantly explains unique variance in YGPA when included in a regression model already containing X9. In the light of the reported findings there is no need to create a combined weighted linear predictor composite (Xcomp) which would form the basis of the actuarial mechanical decision rule that would guide selection decisions. Prior learning proved to be the only predictor that warrants inclusion in the actuarial mechanical prediction rule that will form the basis of selection decisions. In terms of the derived actuarial prediction rule the expected criterion performance of all applicants (E[Y|X12]) could consequently be estimated by inserting the measures obtained during selection of prior learning into the derived regression equation. The use of this equation could be regarded as permissible to the extent to which E[Y|X12] correlates significantly with YGPA. Since E[Y|X12] correlates 0,431 and statistically significantly (p<0,05) with YGPA, the predictions derived from this equation are valid. The findings of this research suggest that black and white students were sampled from the same population and therefore the use of the single, undifferentiated prediction rule would lead to fair selection decisions. To answer the question whether the selection procedure under investigation is adding any value to the organization, utility analysis is done based on the Taylor-Russell utility model as well as the Naylor-Shine interpretation of selection utility. A criterion-referenced norm table that expresses the risk of failure conditional on expected academic performance is derived from the use of only X12. Recommendations for further research are put forward.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is om te bepaal of die psigometriese evaluasie-prosedure wat deur die Suid Afrikaanse Militêre Akademie gebruik word vir keuringsbesluite, akademiese prestasie van eerstejaar leerders geldig voorspel, en of hierdie prosedure regverdig en effektief is. Die steekproef vir hierdie studie bestaan uit drie jaargroepe (eerstejaar studente van 2001, 2002 en 2003) wat ingeskryf was by die Militêre Akademie. Teoreties is daar spesifieke leergedrag (leerbevoegdhede) wat instrumenteel is in die bereiking van akademiese prestasie. Hierdie leergedrag hang af van en is weer „n uitdrukking van „n komplekse nomologiese netwerk van persoongesentreerde eienskappe (leerbevoegdheidspotensiaal). Verskille in leerprestasie kan verklaar word in terme van leergedrag. Leerbevoegdhede is instrumenteel in die bereiking van die leeruikomste waarvoor die akademiese program bestaan. Leerbevoegdhede, op sy beurt, kan weer verklaar word in terme van leerdereienskappe. Ten einde „n onderskeid te kan tref tussen kandidate met beter of slegter opleidingsvooruitsigte, in terme van „n konstrukgeorienteerde benadering tot keuring, word „n prestasiehipotese gebruik wat gebaseer is op die persoongesentreerde drywers van die leerbevoegdhede. Dit word aangevoer dat die graad van bevoegdheid in: (1) die kern kognitiewe prosesse/bevoegdhede waaruit leer bestaan (oordrag en outomatisasie) en wat nodig is om sinvolle struktuur in nuwe leermateriaal te skep, (2) die intellektuele drywers van hierdie leerbevoegdhede (vloeibare intelligensie en informasieverwerkingskapasiteit), (3) bevoegdheid in Engels, en (4) vorige akademiese prestasie sal onderskei tussen beter of slegter akademiese prestasie van leerders wat akademiese programme by die SA Militêre Akademie bywoon. Die gemiddelde van eerstejaar eerste semester akademiese uitslae is gebruik as meting van die kriteriumkonstruk. Byna al die resultate wat in hierdie studie verkry is ondersteun die teorie en proposisies soos aangevoer deur die prestasiehipotese. Slegs een veranderlike, akkuraatheid van informasie-prosessering, het nie gereageer soos voorspel deur die prestasiehipotese nie. Vorige leer het die meeste variansie in die kriterium verklaar (r=0,4312). Die inter-korrelasie tussen die voorspellers is gebruik om die proporsie unieke variansie wat elke voorspeller in die saamgestelde kriterium verklaar te skat. „n Regressie van die saamgestelde kriterium op die reeks voorspellers (X2 – X12) toon aan dat slegs geheue en begip (X9) sowel as vorige leer (X12) relevante en unieke informasie in verband met die determinante van prestasie in die kriterium weergee wat nie reeds weergegee word deur die oorblywende voorspellers in die model nie. Die oorblywende voorspellers in die keuringsbattery kan gevolglik as oorbodig beskou word aangesien hulle geen nuwe informasie verskaf wat nie reeds deur X9 en X12 oorgedra word nie. Wanneer YGPA geregresseer word op die geweegde kombinasie van X9 en X12, verklaar slegs X12 unieke variasie in YGPA wanneer dit ingesluit word in „n regressiemodel wat alreeds X9 bevat. In die lig van die gerapporteerde bevindinge is dit onnodig om ‟n gekombineerde geweegde liniêre voorspellerkombinasie (Xcomp) te skep om as basis van „n aktuariële meganiese besluitnemingsreël te dien aan hand waarvan keuringsbesluite geneem sal word. Vorige leer blyk die enigste voorspeller te wees wat insluiting regverdig in die aktuariële meganiese besluitnemingsreël wat die basis van keuringsbesluite sal vorm. In terme van die afgeleide aktuariële besluitnemingsreël sal die verwagte kriteriumprestasie van alle toekomstige aansoekers (E[Y│X12]) geskat word deur die meting van vorige leer verkry tydens keuring in die afgeleide regressievergelyking in te stel. Die gebruik van hierdie vergelyking kan as toelaatbaar beskou word in die mate waartoe E[Y│X12] betekenisvol met YGPA korreleer. Aangesien E[Y│X12] statisties betekenisvol 0,431 (p<0,05) met YGPA korreleer, kan die voorspellings afgelei vanuit hierdie vergelyking as geldig beskou word. Die bevindinge van hierdie navorsing dui daarop dat swart en wit studente van hierdie steekproef uit dieselfde populasie geneem is en daarom sal die gebruik van „n enkele, ongedifferensieerde voorspellingsreël lei tot regverdige keuringsbesluite. Om „n antwoord te verkry op die vraag of hierdie keuringsprosedure enige waarde tot die organisasie toevoeg is „n nutanaliese gedoen wat gebaseer is op Taylor-Russell se nutmodel so wel as die Naylor-Shine interpretasie van keuringsnut. „n Kriteriumgerigde normtabel, wat die voorwaardelike risiko op mislukking gebaseer op akademiese prestasie uitdruk, is afgelei deur die gebruik van slegs X12. Aanbevelings vir verdere navorsing word voorgestel.
45
Martinez, Claudia Tapia. "Évaluation de la fragilité en oncologie gériatrique : développement et validation d’une nouvelle échelle de dépistage." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS368/document.
Full textAbstract:
Titre : EVALUATION DE LA FRAGILITE EN ONCOLOGIE GERIATRIQUE : DEVELOPPEMENT ET VALIDATION D’UNE NOUVELLE ECHELLE DE DEPISTAGE.Mots clés : fragilité, sujet âgée, cancer, dépistage, développement, validation, analyse de survie.Résumé : Une évaluation gériatrique (EG) est recommandée pour tous les patients âgés atteints de cancer pour identifier d’éventuels problèmes de santé et ainsi optimiser la stratégie thérapeutique. Néanmoins, elle est très consommatrice de temps et de moyens. Plusieurs outils de dépistage ont été développés mais a) aucun ne dispose de propriétés diagnostiques adéquates en pratique clinique, b) ils ont le plus souvent été développés sur la base d’opinions d’experts sans développement statistique spécifique, et c) peu de données sont disponibles pour apprécier leur robustesse au changement de gold standard pour définir le concept de « fragilité ». Par conséquent, notre objectif était 1) de construire et valider un outil de dépistage performant de la fragilité et de le comparer à l’outil de dépistage G8 actuellement utilisé en oncogériatrie, 2) d’en tester la robustesse vis-à-vis de 6 définitions de référence de la fragilité et 3) d’en évaluer la valeur pronostique pour la mortalité à 1 et 3 ans. Les données étaient issues de deux cohortes prospectives de patients âgés atteints de cancer : ELCAPA (2007–2012: n=729 [développement]), et ONCODAGE (2008–2010: n=1304 [validation externe]). L’outil G8 modifié final (aire sous la courbe ROC [AUROC] : 91,6% ; Sensibilité=89% ; Spécificité=79%) comprenait 6 items indépendants : perte de poids, problèmes neuropsychologiques, statut fonctionnel, état de santé perçu, poly-prescription et existence parmi les antécédents d’une insuffisance cardiaque ou coronaropathie. Les travaux accomplis dans le cadre de cette thèse ont de plus permis de confirmer ses bonnes propriétés diagnostiques en validation externe (AUROC : 84,6% ; Sensibilité=82% ; Spécificité=69%), sa robustesse au changement de gold standard et sa valeur pronostique forte vis-à-vis de la mortalité. L’utilisation du G8 et G8 modifié devrait être encouragée en oncologie gériatriqueTitle : ASSESSMENT OF FRAILTY IN GERIATRIC ONCOLOGY: DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A NEW SCREENING TOOL Key words: frailty, older person, cancer, screening, development, validation, survival analysis.Abstract: The comprehensive geriatric assessment (GA) is recommended in older cancer patients to inventory health problems and tailor treatment decisions accordingly. However, GA is time- and resource-consuming. Several screening tools have been developed but a) their diagnostic performance is insufficient, b) most instruments have been developed exclusively on the basis of experts’ opinions without any specific statistical psychometric development, and c) a wide variability of criteria have been used to define “frailty” as the gold standard, with no investigations of their influence on the diagnostic properties of screening instruments. Therefore, our objective was 1) to develop and validate a new screening tool for frailty that achieves high diagnostic accuracy, and to compare it to the G8 screening tool, currently used in oncogeriatrics, 2) to evaluate its robustness to modifications on the gold standard, for which 6 reference definitions were tested, and 3) to assess its prognostic value for 1- and 3-years mortality. We used two prospective cohorts of older patients with cancer: ELCAPA (2007–2012: n=729 [development]), and ONCODAGE (2008–2010: n=1304 [external validation]). The final modified-G8 (area under the ROC curve [AUROC]: 91.6%; Sensitivity=89%; Specificity=79%) included 6 independent items: weight loss, cognition/mood, performance status, self-rated health status, polypharmacy and history of heart failure or coronary heart disease. The work carried out in this thesis has also confirmed its good diagnostic properties in external validation analyses (AUROC: 84.6%; Sensitivity=82%; Specificity=69%), its robustness to modifications of the gold standard definition and its strong prognostic value for overall survival. The use of the G8 and modified-G8 should be encouraged in geriatric oncology
46
Lauffer, Adriana. "Tradução e validação para o português do Brasil do questionário “Patient Assessment Of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders-Quality Of Life (PAGI-QOL)” em pacientes dispépticos funcionais." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/30935.
Full textAbstract:
Não existem instrumentos validados para o português do Brasil que avaliem a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS) em dispepsia funcional (DF). Esse tipo de avaliação tem se tornado cada vez mais importante para análise do desfecho de ensaios clínicos e para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas transculturais em pacientes dispépticos funcionais. Objetivo: traduzir e validar o questionário doença-específico de QVRS “Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders – Quality of Life (PAGI-QOL)” em DF. Metodologia: estudo transversal para validação. Após adequado processo de tradução, 5 testes psicométricos foram realizados. Para cada teste um número variável de pessoas foi avaliado, considerando cálculo amostral: consistência interna (n=150 casos e 150 controles), reprodutibilidade (n=44 casos), a validade de conteúdo contou com a participação de 3 gastroenterologistas experientes em distúrbios funcionais “cegos” para o estudo; validade de critério (n=113 casos) e validade discriminante (n=86 casos e 86 controles). Grupo de casos: pacientes dispépticos funcionais diagnosticados segundo Critério de Roma III. Grupo controle: doadores de sangue que não apresentavam sintomas gastrointestinais e outras co-morbidades clinicamente relevantes. Amostras foram coletadas por conveniência e consecutivamente e completaram os questionários PAGI-QOL e SF-36 versão 2. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Consentimento informado foi assinado por todos os indivíduos. Resultados: consistência interna: 0,976 (α de Cronbach); reprodutibilidade dos escores totais: 0,841 (coeficiente de correlação intra-classe); e valor p = 0,331 para diferença entre as duas observações; validade de critério entre o escore total do PAGI-QOL e os escores dos componentes físicos e mentais do SF-36 versão 2: rs = -0,289 (p = 0,002) e rs = -0,437 (p <0,001), respectivamente; validade discriminante para todos os domínios: p<0,0001 (Mann-Whitney). Validade de conteúdo foi adequada. Conclusão: O PAGI-QOL em português do Brasil é um questionário válido e confiável para avaliar a QVRS em DF.There are no validated instruments to Brazilian Portuguese to assess health related quality of life (HRQoL) in functional dyspepsia (FD). This type of assessment has become increasingly important with the objective of evaluating outcomes in clinical trials and development of cross-cultural research in FD patients. Objective: To translate and validate the HRQOL disease-specific questionnaire "Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders - Quality of Life (PAGI-QoL)" in FD. Methodology: cross sectional study for validation. After an adequate the translation process, 5 psychometric tests were performed. For each of them a variable number of individuals were assessed, considering sample size calculation: internal consistency (n = 150 patients and 150 controls), reproducibility (n = 44 patients), content validity with the participation of 3 gastroenterologists experienced in functional gastrointestinal disorders, blinded to the study; concurrent validity = n = 113 patients and discriminant validity = 86 patients and 86 controls. FD patients: diagnosed according to Rome III criteria. Control group: blood donors who had no gastrointestinal symptoms and no other clinically relevant co-morbidities. Both samples were collected by convenience and consecutively, and completed questionnaires PAGI-QoL and SF-36 version 2. The study was approved by the Institutional Research Ethics Committee. Informed consent form was signed by all individuals. Results: Internal consistency: 0.976 (Cronbach's α), reproducibility of total scores: 0.841 (correlation coefficient of intra-class) and p value = 0.331 for differences between the two observations; concurrent validity between the total score of the PAGI-QOL and the scores of physical and mental components of SF-36 version 2: rs = -0,289 (p = 0.002) and rs = -0,437 (p <0.001), respectively; discriminant validity for all domains: p <0.0001 (Mann-Whitney). Content validity was adequate. Conclusion: The PAGI-QoL in Brazilian Portuguese language is a valid and reliable questionnaire to assess HRQoL in FD.
47
Botha, Marguerite Nelise. "Validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ–9) in an African context / Marguerite Botha." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4647.
Full textAbstract:
This research was aimed at validating the PHQ–9 in an African context. This study forms part of the project of Psychosocial Health and Biomarkers in an African context (FORT3, Wissing, 2008).
The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ–9) is a nine–item depression scale that has the potential of being a dual–purpose instrument to establish the diagnosis of a depressive disorder, as well as the grade of symptom severity (Kroenke, Spitzer & Williams, 2001). The PHQ–9 was administered with criterion related measures to a multicultural convenience sample of 2214 participants from the North West Province of South Africa, including two groups of adolescents (n1 = 1480 and n2 = 559) and an availability sample of adults (n3 = 185). Instruments to determine criterion validity were the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), designed to detect symptoms of mental disorders; the Mental Health Continuum - Short Form for Adults (MHC–SF) which measures the degree of emotional, social and psychological well–being; and the New General Self–Efficacy Scale (NGSE) designed to measure an individual’s general self–efficacy.
Descriptive statistics for the PHQ–9 including its reliability in the various groups is reported. The PHQ–9 manifested a Cronbach Alph are liability index of 0.86. Criterion–related validity was supported by significant correlations between the PHQ–9 and criterion measures. Confirmatory factor analysis for the PHQ–9 yielded a one–factor solution in all groups. The percentage variance explained ranged between 34.71% and 46.62%. Exploratory factor analyses yielded two factors in all groups with the second factor comprised of no more than 2 items and thus interpreted as a minor factor. The construct validity obtained in this research indicates that the PHQ–9 may be a valid measure to identify depression in a South African context. Based on the psychometric properties found in this study, it can be concluded that the PHQ–9 is a valid measure of depression in two of the samples selected for this study. Future studies may further validate this instrument in specific language and cultural groups, and explore the cross–cultural measurement equivalence.Thesis (M.A. (Research Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
48
Hamad, Mohamad. "Validation psychométrique de mesures subjectives en santé orale." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCE002.
Full textAbstract:
La validation psychométrique d’une échelle de mesure subjective se compose de nombreuses étapes que nous exposerons et commenterons au cours de cette thèse. Nous nous appuierions plus particulièrement sur le travail de validation psychométrique de la Geriatric Oral Health Assessement Index (GOHAI) et de la Schizophrenia Cooping Oral Health Profil and Index (SCOOHPI) que nous avons réalisé. Au cours des étapes de la validation de ces échelles nous avons particulièrement exploré la question de la validité de la structure interne qui est le cœur du champ réflexif de notre travail.Dans cette thèse, nous avons 5 chapitres. Dans le chapitre 1, nous avons, d'une part, défini les concepts à étudier et expliqué la relation entre schizophrénie et santé buccodentaire, et d'autre part, nous avons présenté l'historique de la validation psychométrique des échelles de mesure subjective.Dans le chapitre 2, nous avons décrit les étapes de la validation psychométrique des échelles de mesure subjective, il existe 2 rubriques principales dans la validation psychométrique : la fidélité et la validité. La fidélité de l'échelle est composée de 3 parties : cohérence interne, fidélité au cours du temps et sensibilité au changement. La validité de l'échelle est composée de 4 parties : validité de contenu, validité perçue, validité de construit et validité de structure.Dans le chapitre 3, nous étudions la validation psychométrique de l'échelle GOHAI dans un échantillon de patients français atteints de schizophrénie. L'alpha de Cronbach montre un degré significatif de cohérence interne entre les items et le test-retest vérifie la fidélité au cours du temps. Ensuite, la validité de construit montre l'existence d'une relation entre l'échelle GOHAI et les indices CAOD (Dent Cariée, Absente, Obturée) et OHI'S (Simplifed Oral Hygiene Index). Après, l'analyse en composantes principales montre l'existence de 3 sous-échelles : les fonctions physiques, les aspects psychosociaux et les symptômes liés à la présence de maladies dentaires. Enfin, le modèle de crédit partiel vérifie que l'échelle GOHAI n'est pas unidimensionnelle.Dans le chapitre 4, nous étudions la validité de structure de l'échelle GOHAI à partir d'un échantillon de la population générale française. L'analyse en composantes principales montre l'existence de 3 sous-échelles : la douleur et l'aspect des dents, la satisfaction psychologique de l'état des dents et la capacité à manger. Ensuite, le modèle de crédit partiel vérifie l'unidimensionnalité de l'échelle GOHAI après regroupement des modalités de réponses.Dans le chapitre 5, nous étudions la validation psychométrique de l'échelle SCOOHPI à partir d'un échantillon de patients français atteints de schizophrénie. Le groupe d'experts a confirmé la validité du contenu de l'échelle SCOOHPI. La validité perçue a été vérifiée auprès de 30 individus. Ensuite, l'alpha de Cronbach montre un bon degré de cohérence interne entre les items. Après, l'absence de relation entre l'échelle SCOOHPI et l'échelle GOHAI confirme la validité de la divergence. Tandis que la validité de la convergence n'était pas mesurable en raison du manque d'outils qui mesurent un concept similaire au concept d'échelle SCOOHPI. L'analyse en composantes principales montre l'existence de 6 sous-échelles : santé buccodentaire, alimentation et hygiène buccodentaire, activité et organisation, addiction et stratégies d'évitement. Enfin, le modèle de crédit partiel montre que l'échelle SCOOHPI est unidimensionnelle après regroupement des modalités de réponsesThe psychometric validation of a subjective measurement scale consists of many steps that we will expose and comment on during this thesis. We would rely more particularly on the work of psychometric validation of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and the Schizophrenia Cooping Oral Health Profile and Index (SCOOHPI) that we have carried out. During the stages of the validation of this scale we particularly explored the question of the validity of the internal structure which is the heart of the reflexive field of our work. In this thesis we have 5 chapters. In Chapter 1, we defined the concepts to be studied and explained the relationship between schizophrenia and oral health, and presented the history of psychometric validation of subjective measurement scales.In chapter 2, we described the steps in the psychometric validation of subjective measurement scales, there are 2 main headings in psychometric validation: reliability and validity. Scale reliability is composed of 3 parts: internal consistency, reliability over time and sensitivity to change. The validity of the scale is composed of 4 parts: content validity, perceived validity, construct validity and structure validity.In chapter 3, we study the psychometric validation of the GOHAI (Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index) scale in a sample of French patients with schizophrenia.Cronbach's alpha shows a significant degree of internal consistency between items and the test-retest verifies the reliability over time. Then, the construct validity shows the existence of a relationship between the GOHAI scale and the DMFT (Dent Cariée, Absente, Obturation) and OHI'S (Simplifed Oral Hygiene Index) indices. Afterwards, the principal component analysis shows the existence of 3 subscales: physical functions, psychosocial aspects and symptoms related to the presence of dental diseases. Finally, the partial credit model verifies that the GOHAI scale is not unidimensional.In Chapter 4, we study the structural validity of the GOHAI scale using a sample of the general French population.The principal component analysis shows the existence of 3 subscales: pain and appearance of the teeth, psychological satisfaction with the state of the teeth and ability to eat. Then, the partial credit model verifies the unidimensionality of the GOHAI scale after grouping the response modalities.In Chapter 5, we study the psychometric validation of the Schizophrenia Coping Oral Health Profile and Index (SCOOHPI) scale using a sample of French patients with schizophrenia.The panel confirmed the content validity of the SCOOHPI scale. Perceived validity was verified with 30 individuals. Then, Cronbach's alpha shows a good degree of internal consistency between items. Then, the absence of relationship between the SCOOHPI scale and the GOHAI scale confirms the validity of the divergence. While the validity of the convergence was not measurable due to the lack of tools that measure a similar concept to the SCOOHPI scale concept.The principal component analysis shows the existence of 6 subscales: oral health, diet and oral hygiene, activity and organization, addiction and avoidance strategies. Finally, the partial credit model shows that the SCOOHPI scale is unidimensional after grouping the response modalities
49
Ramasawmy, Sajeda. "Validation of the "French Depression Anxiety Stress Scales" (DASS-21) and predictors of depression in an adolescent Mauritian population." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3001.
Full textAbstract:
La détresse émotionnelle est souvent précurseur au développement des troubles psychologiques. La psychopathologie la plus fréquente dans le monde est la dépression et il a été estimé que d'ici quelques années, son impact économique sera supérieur à celle des maladies courantes telles que les maladies infectieuses et cardio-vasculaires. Des études ont démontré que le niveau de stress et d'anxiété sont des facteurs qui contribuent de façon significative au développement de la dépression et ce dès l'adolescence. L'objectif de cette thèse a été donc d'étudier les propriétés psychométriques de la version française de l'échelle Depression Anxiety Stress (DASS-21; Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) pour son utilisation éventuelle à l'Île Maurice auprès des adolescents. L'étude de la validité de l'instrument comporte l'exploration de la validité de construit par le biais de la validité factorielle, l'étude de la cohérence interne et enfin par une analyse des validités convergente et divergente. La validité de construit de la DASS-21 a été renforcée puisque le fonctionnement différentiel des items en fonction du genre n'a pas été démontré. Enfin, il s'est avéré que le principal facteur de risque pour la survenue de la dépression chez les sujets mauriciens est le stress perçu (perception subjective de l'événement qualifié de stressant)Depression is among the most common psychopathology for which treatment is sought in psychological and psychiatric practices and its impact at all levels including its economical outlay in the coming years has been estimated on a worldwide scale to surpass that of current illnesses such as infectious diseases and cardiovascular illnesses. Research has demonstrated that stress and anxiety levels, as early as in adolescence, are among factors that contribute to the development of depression. The aim of this research study is therefore to investigate the psychometric properties of the French Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21; Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) for its eventual use in the Mauritian adolescent population as a means to screen for depression, anxiety, and stress. Factor analyses were conducted on 1002 response sets and the three-factor structure of the DASS-21 was supported. Internal consistency was satisfactory and the scales demonstrated concurrent validity with other measures of depression, anxiety and stress. The construct validity of the scales was further strengthened with gender invariance. Finally, appraisal of stress was the psychological dimension which predicted best depression in the Mauritian adolescent population
50
Källström, Reidar. "Construction, Validation and Application of a Virtual Reality Simulator for the Training of Transurethral Resection of the Prostate." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kirurgi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-54466.
Full textAbstract:
The fundamental of surgical training is the traditional apprenticeship method introduced by William Halsted which has been used for the last 100 years. It is based on learning in the operating room (OR) where the resident is guided by an experienced surgeon and gradually and methodically exposed to surgery. The continuous development of surgical methods together with the growing awareness of medical errors and ethical considerations have made the Halsted method outdated and there is an obvious need to be able to learn the skills of surgery without risking patient safety. New methods such as laparoscopy and endoscopy demand specific skills and abilities that may not be met by everyone. At the same time, the physical limitations of these new methods have made it possible to construct virtual reality (VR) simulators to practise and learn the skills necessary. This study is about the construction and evaluation of a VR-simulator for the training of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). It also concerns the specific abilities needed to become a good surgeon. A simulator for training TURP was developed after a face validity study where 17 experienced urologists gave their opinion of the specific content necessary for the training of this procedure. After a content validity study by nine experienced urologists and application of necessary improvements, a group of 11 medical students and nine experienced urologists performed a construct validity test where the urologists showed significantly higher levels of both skill and effectiveness compared to the inexperienced students when performing a simulated TURP procedure. The students showed a positive learning curve, but did not reach the levels of the urologists. The results of the experienced urologists were used as the minimal criterion level when 24 urology residents practised the procedure. Training took place while on a course on benign enlargement of the prostate and its treatment options, with emphasis on the “gold standard” treatment – TURP. During the course they performed three guided and video-taped TURP-procedures each on selected patients. Between two of the procedures they performed criterion-based training in the simulator. This VR-to-OR study showed improvement in operative skills with the same patient outcome as in the normal clinical situation. It also showed that simulator training improved their skills even more. During their time on the course their personality traits (TCI) and cognitive abilities (Rey complex figure and recognition trial, tower of London, WAIS-III) were tested. The results showed that a better learning curve in the OR was associated with a better simulator learning curve and a good visuospatial memory. The associated personality traits were high levels of goal directedness, impulse control, responsibility, anticipation of harmful events and a balanced attachment style. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that it was technically possible to construct a useful simulator for the training of TURP (PelvicVision®) which may now be considered clinically validated for this purpose. Novice training and performance in the simulator improves the learning curve and predicts the resident’s performance in the OR. The results support the implementation of validated simulation technology in a criterion-based training curriculum for residents. Furthermore, the results showed preliminary data on personality traits and visuospatial abilities that are important for learning a complex surgical procedure.