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Journal articles on the topic 'Psychomotor behaviour'
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LOUIE, Lobo. "use of Factor Analysis in Measuring Psychomotor Behaviour." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 3, no. 1 (June 1, 1997): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.31181.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.With the aid of today's computer software, the use of factor analysis becomes popular in educational setting, especially in cognitive and affective domain. However, the factor-analytic technique has been extensively used by researchers in the psychomotor domain since 1970s. The present paper attempts to illustrate the basic theories and assumption of utilizing factor analysis and to demonstrate the user friendly procedures in order to measure psychomotor behaviour.一般使用因子分析法的敎育研究，多集中於在認知和情感範疇。本文章以簡易的電腦程式，説明如何使用因子分析法來量度心理肌動行為，並作出實際例子給讀者參考。
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Zagrevskaya, A. I., V. S. Sosunovsky, and T. N. Zalmezh. "Psychomotor Features in Preschool Children." Психологическая наука и образование 23, no. 5 (2018): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/pse.2018230502.
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The paper presents data of a research on psychomotor abilities in children aged 6—7 years (the sample included 109 children of Tomsk kindergarten #4 “Montessori) that was aimed at improving their teaching and physical training and providing recommendations for parents.The children’s psychophysiological functions were studied using a special equipment called "Sports Psychophysiologist" (manufactured by "Analytic" research centre, Russia, Omsk).When considering the features of psychomotor development and physical education in children of preschool age, one must take into account the mutual connections between the types of the nervous system, perceived analyzers, age and sex of children.The results of the study enabled us to provide individual recommendations for parents to help them better understand their child’s behaviour, assess the risks of psychological maladaptation at school, master the effective ways of stimulating and regulating motor activity, learn the optimal balance of work and rest for their children and the level of their stress resistance in new situations.
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ZGURICAS, J., D. M. J. DE RAEYMAECKER, P. J. L. M. SNIJDERS, A. HOEKSTRA, D. LINDHOUT, and S. E. R. HOVIUS. "Psychomotor Development in Children with Triphalangeal Thumbs." Journal of Hand Surgery 23, no. 4 (August 1998): 526–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-7681(98)80138-1.
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In order to explore the influence of an isolated congenital hand malformation on psychomotor development, we performed an exploratory, observational study on 18 children with triphalangeal thumbs. The investigative procedure consisted of a hand function examination, a semi-structured interview with the mother about the development of the child, the so-called “Hand test”, and the “Child Behaviour Check List”. Our observations suggest specific developmental difficulties in fine motor skills and language development, but the children showed no signs of behavioural psychopathology.
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Golubovic, Spela, Tatjana Tubic, and Slavica Markovic. "Psychomotor re-education: Movement as therapeutic method." Medical review 64, no. 1-2 (2011): 61–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1102061g.
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Introduction. Psychomotor re-education represents a multidimensional therapeutic approach in dealing with children and adults with psychomotor disorders. Therapeutic programs should be based on individual differences, abilities and capabilities, relationships, feelings and individual developmental needs as well as emotional condition of a child. Body and movement as the bases of the treatment. A movement, glance, touch, voice and word, all being an integral part of a process of psychomotor re-education, are used with a purpose of helping children to discover their own body, their feelings, needs, behaviour. When moving, children discover the space of their own bodily nature, and, subsequently, gestural space and objective space. The body represents a source of pleasure and the freedom of movement, as well as one?s own existence, are soon to be discovered. Practical application. An adequate assessment is a precondition to design a work plan, select the best exercises for each child individually and direct the course of therapy. This is the most suitable method for treating children with slow or disharmonious development, mentally challenged children, children with speech and behaviour disorders. It is also used in the treatment of children with dyspraxic difficulties, difficulties in practognostic and gnostic development, pervasive developmental disorder and children with lateral dominance problems. Conclusion. Therefore, a systematic observation seems to be necessary as well as an increased number of research projects aimed at assessing results obtained by exercises in order to get a more precise insight into the process of re-education, selection of exercises, duration period and possible outcomes.
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Farquhar, K., K. Lambert, G. B. Drummond, B. Tiplady, and P. Wright. "Effect of ethanol on psychomotor performance and on risk taking behaviour." Journal of Psychopharmacology 16, no. 4 (July 2002): 379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026988110201600415.
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Hindmarch, Ian. "A Pharmacological Profile of Fluoxetine and Other Antidepressants on Aspects of Skilled Performance and Car Handling Ability." British Journal of Psychiatry 153, S3 (September 1988): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000297353.
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The measurement of the effects of an antidepressant on psychomotor ability and cognitive processing tests is important for three reasons. Firstly, because a change in psychomotor and cognitive function is one of the truly objective assessments of psychotropic activity of a drug. Secondly, since batteries of psychological tests are often analogues of the essential aspects of real-life behaviour, performance changes can reflect the potential impairment of the activities of everyday living such as car driving, operating industrial machinery, and domestic tasks. Thirdly, since Widlocher (1983a,b) has proposed that mental and psychomotor retardation are a primary expression of depressive illness, psychomotor and cognitive tests can be used to measure the extent to which a putative antidepressant affects these psychological functions. Psychopharmacological testing can thus indicate the ‘safety’ of the drug in clinical usage by establishing an index of the behavioural ‘toxicity’ of the substance. It can also objectively determine the magnitude of the drug's psychoactive properties, and the extent to which a particular compound affects information processing and cognitive function. Substances which have a negative action on these aspects of psychological integrity could be regarded as counter-therapeutic, as they are making psychomotor and mental functions worse.
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Hmilyar, Oleg. "Person’s Behavior Control in Stochastic Conditions of Symbolic Danger." Journal of Pedagogy and Psychology "Signum Temporis" 7, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sigtem-2016-0007.
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Abstract A person’s behaviour is controlled by five independent regulators – symbol, image, thought, sense and feeling. In this article, the author describes particularities of a person’s behaviour control in simulated stochastic conditions of symbolic danger. An ability of a person to control his/her behaviour under symbolic danger could be measured by a device designed for researching person’s behaviour under stochastic conditions. It was defined that symbolic danger could harmonise a person’s behaviour and cause him/her to act more constructively. The results of a psychological experiment indicated that under stochastic conditions of symbolic danger, efficiency of solving psychomotor tasks depends on the person’s ability to act under situation of uncertainty in space and time and alternative. Sensor-perceptual and symbolic and visual spheres that developed in a proper way allow to provide constructive control of person’s behaviour under situations related to lack of time or psychological tension. Control of behaviour under stochastic conditions of symbolic danger significantly depends on the level of energetic potential of a person. It was defined that participants of the psychological experiment with a high level of energetic potential acted more effectively under symbolic danger compared to persons with low energetic potential. In case of complication of psychomotor tasks, energetic potential of a person, in combination with sensor and motor skills, process of thinking and imagination, consolidate his/her behaviour in stochastic conditions of symbolic danger.
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Moorthy, Ramya S., Kritika Iyer, R. Hari Krishnan, and S. Pugazhenthi. "Enhancement of psychomotor skills in children with autism spectrum disorder by employing a mechatronic training kit." Paladyn, Journal of Behavioral Robotics 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjbr-2019-0001.
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AbstractPrevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in children has been increasing over the years. These children, when compared to typically growing children, face challenges in leading a day-to-day life. Other than the social interactions, communication and cognitive skills, psychomotor skill deficits are also found in them. This paper focuses on enhancement of psychomotor skills in children with ASD by employing a mechatronic training kit. Training using this kit aims at developing skills like ‘palmar grasp’, ‘wrist rotation’ and ‘eye-hand coordination’. Trials were conducted with six children with autism aged between four and nine years. Significant improvements were seen in these children both in skills and in behaviour after the training. Thus, teaching psychomotor skills to children with autism using the newly developed mechatronic door training kit is found to be working and the results are encouraging.
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Chrysochoou, Christina, Christoph Rutishauser, Christine Rauber-Lüthy, Thomas Neuhaus, Eugen Boltshauser, and Andrea Superti-Furga. "An 11-month-old boy with psychomotor regression and auto-aggressive behaviour." European Journal of Pediatrics 162, no. 7-8 (May 16, 2003): 559–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00431-003-1239-2.
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White, Susan, and Antony Bayer. "Delirium – a clinical overview." Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 17, no. 1 (February 2007): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959259807002328.
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Delirium is a disorder characterized by a fluctuating disturbance of consciousness and attention, with changes in cognition or perception, which develops over a short period of time and is attributable to an underlying physical cause. It is often accompanied by disturbance of the sleep-wake cycle and altered psychomotor behaviour.
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Blegur, Jusuf. "STUDENTS’ BEHAVIOUR OF INDISCIPLINE SYNDROME IN TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS." Educational Administration Research and Review 1, no. 2 (November 29, 2019): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/earr.v1i2.21421.
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This study reported the discovery and identification of behavioral syndrome of students’ indiscipline in teaching and learning process. For this purpose, researcher used qualitative approach of phenomenology. The study involved 9 subjects determined by purposive sampling for the phenomenon of indiscipline were more dominated by those subjects. Four techniques have been used to collect the data: participation-observation, in-depth interviews, field notes, and documentation. The results indicated that the behavioral syndrome of indiscipline is influenced by premature (imature) self-concept, determination of multidimensional environment, keeping and building a societal relationship in communities, as well as teachers’ attitude and behavior as a direct model. Therefore, teachers should give the exemplary cognition, affection, psychomotor, as well as should be truthful and orderly socially so that the students’ behaviour of indiscipline can be reduced to a good quality of learning.
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Puszczałowska-Lizis, Ewa, Teresa Pop, and Ewelina Szymańska-Smoleń. "Influence of choretherapy on the development of children with psychomotor retardation." Advances in Rehabilitation 29, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rehab-2015-0029.
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Abstract Introduction: Children with psychomotor retardation demonstrate lower than average level of development, that is characteristic for the majority of population in a certain period of life. These children require specialised, coordinated and interdisciplinary therapeutic efforts. The aim of the present thesis was to assess the influence of choreotherapy on the development of children with psychomotor retardation. Material and methods: The study consisted of two measurement sessions of 4-6 years old children attending for therapeutic activities to the Early Intervention Centre in Mielec. The research tool was the Bogdanowicz Behaviour Observation Scale (SOZ-D). Basic descriptive statistics were calculated in the analysis. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to assess differences in psychomotor development between the examined group (participating in the therapeutic program which included choreotherapy) and the control group. The rate of improvement was tested by means of the ANOVA Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: There were statistically significant differences between both the examined and the control group in all subscales of the SOZ-D scale. At children participating in the experimental program the greatest improvement was noticed in emotional, social and physical spheres of development. Conclusions: The applied therapeutic program had a beneficial effect on stimulating the development of emotional, social and physical spheres of children with psychomotor retardation. The present thesis demonstrates the usefulness of this program, and consequently implies the need of propagating the therapy in other educational and care centres for children.
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McDonnell-Dowling, Kate, and Klaus A. Miczek. "Alcohol, psychomotor-stimulants and behaviour: methodological considerations in preclinical models of early-life stress." Psychopharmacology 235, no. 4 (March 6, 2018): 909–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-018-4852-5.
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Davis, Julian P., Fiona K. Judd, and Helen Herrman. "Depression in Adults with Intellectual Disability. Part 2: A Pilot Study." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 31, no. 2 (April 1997): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679709073827.
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Objectives: To identify adults with intellectual disability (ID) with a depressive disorder referred to a tertiary consultation clinic for psychiatric assessment; to investigate common presenting features of depression in adults with ID; to assess the utility of visual analogue scale (VAS) measures of emotion/behaviour, the CORE measure of psychomotor disturbance, and substitutive diagnostic criteria in the assessment of depressive disorders in this patient group. Method: Over a 6-month period 47 patients were seen for psychiatric evaluation. Patients in whom a diagnosis of depression was made were further assessed using: VAS measures of depression, irritability, verbal aggression, physical aggression, temper outbursts, regressed behaviour; CORE measure of psychomotor disturbance; and substitutive diagnostic criteria designed by the authors. Results: Ten patients were found to have a depressive disorder. Substitutive criteria resulted in a greater rate of diagnosis than standard DSM-IV criteria. The VAS measure of irritability was highly scored for all 10 depressed patients. All 10 depressed patients were assigned to the melancholic subgroup according to CORE score. Conclusions: Standard assessment measures and diagnostic criteria may require modification to enhance their utility in this patient group. Melancholic features require further investigation.
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Beamish, Dan, Shabana Ali Bhatti, I. Scott MacKenzie, and Jianhong Wu. "Fifty years later: a neurodynamic explanation of Fitts' law." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 3, no. 10 (April 18, 2006): 649–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2006.0123.
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An intrinsic property of human motor behaviour is a trade-off between speed and accuracy. This is classically described by Fitts' law, a model derived by assuming the human body has a limited capacity to transmit information in organizing motor behaviour. Here, we propose an alternative foundation, based on the neurodynamics of the motor circuit, wherein Fitts' law is an approximation to a more general relationship. In this formulation, widely observed inconsistencies with experimental data are a consequence of psychomotor delay. The methodology developed additionally provides a method to estimate the delay within the motor circuit from the speed-accuracy trade-off alone.
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HAVLÍČEK, J., Z. GAšOVÁ, A. P. SMITH, K. ZVÁRA, and J. FLEGR. "Decrease of psychomotor performance in subjects with latent ‘asymptomatic’ toxoplasmosis." Parasitology 122, no. 5 (May 2001): 515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182001007624.
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Toxoplasma gondiiis known to induce specific behavioural changes in its intermediate hosts. This is usually considered to be an evolutionary adaptation aimed to increase the probability of transmission of the parasite into its definitive host, the cat, by predation. In rodents an increase of reaction time as well as many other specific behavioural patterns have been observed. Here we report the results of our double blind study showing the significantly longer reaction times of 60 subjects with latent toxoplasmosis in comparison with those of 56 controls. Moreover, the existence of a positive correlation between length of infection and mean reaction time suggested that slow and cumulative effects of latent toxoplasmosis rather than a one-step (and possibly transient) effect of acute toxoplasmosis disease are responsible for the decrease of psychomotor performance of infected subjects. To our knowledge, this is the first study confirming the existence of such parasite-induced changes in human behaviour that could be considered in evolutionary history of the human species as adaptive from the point of view of parasite transmission.
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Erickson, Zachary T., Erin A. Falkenberg, and Gerlinde A. S. Metz. "Lifespan Psychomotor Behaviour Profiles of Multigenerational Prenatal Stress and Artificial Food Dye Effects in Rats." PLoS ONE 9, no. 6 (June 17, 2014): e92132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0092132.
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Lewis, Daniel, Michaela Kenneally, Corinna van denHeuvel, and Roger W. Byard. "Methamphetamine deaths: Changing trends and diagnostic issues." Medicine, Science and the Law 61, no. 2 (January 10, 2021): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0025802420986707.
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The term ‘amphetamine’ refers to a class of synthetic drugs which includes methamphetamine. The latter is a globally popular drug of abuse which induces euphoria, affecting cognitive/psychomotor performance and sleep. It also provokes risk taking and violent behaviour. The central effects of methamphetamine are due to the overproduction of neurotransmitters, resulting in high levels of dopamine. In recent years, there have been significant increases in cases of methamphetamine abuse in North and South America, Australia and Asia due to its ready availability and low cost. The following review examines changing trends in methamphetamine use and problems that arise diagnostically in medico-legal cases in determining the significance of post-mortem blood levels, the relationship of these to ante-mortem levels, the possible effects on physical and psychological behaviours and the possible contribution of the drug to a lethal episode.
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Pratama, Angga, Utvi Hinda Zhannisa, and Ibnu Fatkhu Royana. "Peningkatan kemampuan psikomotorik siswa dalam pembelajaran bola voli passing atas menggunakan teknik bola pantul pada siswa kelas X MAN 1 Kota Semarang." Journal of Physical Activity and Sports (JPAS) 2, no. 2 (August 29, 2021): 264–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.53869/jpas.v2i2.56.
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Angga Pratama, "Increasing the Psychomotor abilities of Students in Learning Top Passing Volleyball Using the Bounce Ball Technique in Class X Students of MAN 1 Semarang City". Essay. Department of Physical Education for Health and Recreation, Faculty of Social Sciences and Sport Education, PGRI University Semarang, 2020. Utvi Hinda Zhannisa, S.Pd., M.Ordan Ibnu Fatkhu Royana, S.Pd., M.Pd. Education is a very important field, especially in Indonesia. In the language of the definition of education is the process of changing the attitudes and behaviour of a person or group of people in an effort to mature humans through teaching and training efforts that are in accordance with the educational procedure itself. The purpose of this study was to determine the improvement of students' psychomotor abilities in learning volleyball using the bounce ball technique in class X students in MAN 1 Semarang City. The design used in this study belongs to the type of quantitative research. The use of a quantitative approach with pre-experimental methods. The population in this study were students of class X in MAN 1 Semarang City. The research sample was taken by means of random sampling. This research will involve 106 students of MAN 1 Semarang City. Based on the calculation, the sig value for pretest data obtained the sig value = 0.064> 0.05. For the posttest data, the sig = 0.056> 0.05 was obtained, so it can be concluded that the pretest and posttest data are homogeneous. The increase in the ability to pretest all volley passing is a minimum of 82,675%. for a maximum value of 89.33%. Data analysis and discussion obtained the following conclusions: There are differences in the psychomotor abilities of students in learning volleyball passing over before and after being given training using the bouncing ball technique in class X MAN 1 Semarang City. From these results, it can be concluded that there is an increase in the psychomotor abilities of students in learning volleyball passing overusing the bouncing ball technique in class X MAN 1 Semarang City students. The increase in the percentage of overpassing ability is 22.38%. It is better if the class X student coaches of MAN 1 Semarang City apply exercises using the bouncing ball technique considering that this exercise has been proven effective in improving students' psychomotor skills in learning volleyball passing over.
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Sabbe, B., J. Van Hoof, W. Hulstijn, and F. Zitman. "Het meten van psychomotorische vertraging bij depressie deel II." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 10, no. 3 (September 1998): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0924270800036577.
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SummaryThis review (part I and II) contains an overview of the literature of the past fifteen years over psychomotor retardation in depressed patients, as measured by the following methods:observation scales (part I);observation, coding and analysis of specific nonverbal behaviour (part I);speech research (part I);(choice) reaction time tasks (part II);analysis of gross motor activity (part II);of fine motor behaviour (part II).In each section the results of the different studies are summarized and discussed, in order to answer the following questions: (a) did the depressed patients show any retardation?, (b) how did this retardation manifest itself?, (c) what was the nature of the retardation?, (d) were there any correlations with the results of other methods? and (e) what were the effects of antidepressive treatment?
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Allen Moore, W., and A. Russell Smith. "Effects of video podcasting on psychomotor and cognitive performance, attitudes and study behaviour of student physical therapists." Innovations in Education and Teaching International 49, no. 4 (October 12, 2012): 401–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2012.728876.
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Osadebe, Patrick Uzo. "Evaluation of Continuous Assesment Practice by University Lecturers." International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) 4, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v4i4.4514.
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<p>The study evaluated the extent to which Continuous Assessment (CA) was practiced by university lecturers in Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria. The evaluation of continuous assessment focused on the cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains of students’ behaviour. That is teaching and learning should focus on these areas. Two research questions were raised, and two hypotheses were tested to achieve the purpose of the study. A sample of 200 lecturers was randomly selected using simple random sampling and stratifies random sampling techniques. A 5-point scaled questionnaire was used as an instrument to collect data. The validity of the instrument was determined through expert judgement and factor analysis. Thus the instrument has face and construct validities. The reliability of the instrument was established through Cronbach Alpha. A reliability coefficient of 0.86 was obtained as a measure of internal consistency. The data collected were analyzed. The research questions were answered with the use of mean. The hypotheses were tested with Z-test at .05 level of significance. The result of evaluation revealed that the extent to which university lecturers practice continuous assessment with emphasis on the cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains of students’ behaviour was low. There was no significant difference between male and female as well as junior and senior lecturers on the practice of continuous assessment in the university. It was noted that there should be a continuous and effective monitoring of continuous assessment practice by the university lecturers.</p><p> </p><p> </p>
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Bellisle, F., J. E. Blundell, L. Dye, M. Fantino, E. Fern, R. J. Fletcher, J. Lambed, et al. "Functional food science and behaviour and psychological functions." British Journal of Nutrition 80, S1 (August 1998): S173—S193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19980109.
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AbstractThe impact of ingesting various foods on psychological and behavioural functions is a topic of both interest and concern to the general public. In this article, the scientific literature concerning demonstrated cause-and-effect relationships is reviewed, beginning with methodological considerations specific to the quantification of particular behaviours and psychological events. The essential function of food is to satisfy hunger and the need for essential nutrients. The contributions of macronutrients to appetite and satiety are described, as well as their impact on metabolism and energy balance. Functional properties of macronutrient substitutes (high intensity sweeteners, fat replacers) and flavour enhancers are examined in relation to their contribution to hunger, satiety, and energy balance. The effects of foods and individual nutrients on the performance of diverse psychomotor tasks are studied with consideration given to the various validated quantitative tools used to assess behaviour. The effects of food components on activation, sedation, and affective states such as dysphoria are also reviewed, with special attention given to brain function and neuroactive substances such as serotonin and the endorphins. The case of hyperactivity in children is given special emphasis with reference to the potential influence of sugar and food additives. Safety issues related to food constituents and additives are discussed. Finally, a set of criteria is proposed for the evaluation and elaboration of studies in the behavioural and psychological fields, along with suggestions for future research.
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Wibowo, AM. "The Influence of Implementation Religious Study on Students’ Religious Behaviour at Senior High Schools Under Religious Foundation in Kupang East Nusa Tenggara." Analisa 19, no. 2 (December 7, 2012): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.18784/analisa.v19i2.169.
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<p><em>Thi</em><em>s research aims to measure the effect of implementation of religious education at the high school under the religious foundations toward religious behavior student in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara Province. There are five aspect of behaviour that measured include religiosity, honesty, tolerance, love peace and social concerns. Formulation of the problems in this study are (1) are there any effect of the implementation of religious education for student of religious behavior (2) How is the implementation of religious education as ap- plied to schools under the Religious foundations. (3) how the implementation of the ideal model of religious education at the high school under thereligious foundations. By using the mixed methods analysis this research found three findings: (1) there is influence of religion on the behavior of the implementation of religious education for learners. (2) religious education at high school under the Religious foundations in Kupang East Nusa Tenggara have implemented five aspects measured in the subjects of religious education. (3) there are three models of a good education: an evaluation of the cognitive, affective and psychomotor, strengthening the practice, and establising communication with inte- gral outsiders .</em></p>
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Bellemans, Tina, Robert Didden, Jooske T. van Busschbach, Pim T. A. P. Hoek, Mia W. J. Scheffers, Russell B. Lang, and William R. Lindsay. "Psychomotor therapy targeting anger and aggressive behaviour in individuals with mild or borderline intellectual disabilities: A systematic review." Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability 44, no. 1 (July 6, 2017): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13668250.2017.1326590.
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Veleva, Ivanka I., Maya J. Stoimenova, Petranka G. Chumpalova, Kaloyan R. Stoychev, Lyudmil Z. Tumbev, and Mirena P. Valkova. "Processing Speed as an Endophenotypic Marker of Paranoid Schizophrenia." Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2019-0019.
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Summary Schizophrenia is associated with basic neurocognitive deficit- ineffective space-time information assessment, leading to ineffective judgment and planning of behaviour. Our study aimed to examine and compare the psychomotor speed and number of errors in patients with paranoid schizophrenia (PS), first-degree relatives (FDR) and healthy controls (HC). One-hundred-eight patients with PS, 58 with FDR and 60 HCs were examined via Trail Making Tests (TMT) A and B. The influence of other additional factors as The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), demographics and education were additionally assessed for PS. Statistical analysis was done using Excel 2010, Statgraphics 5.0+ and SPSS 20. All results were interpreted at 95% confidential level. PS showed most unsatisfactory performances on TMT A and B, as compared to others (p=0.0001). However, FDR differed from HC only in TMTB performance (p=0.0241). The most significant impact in PS group included ageing, education, PANSS and negative syndromes, and syndromes of disorganization. PS showed a significant decline of psychomotor speed and executive functioning, although FDR had average results in TMTB, compared to PS and HC. The above results determined both detentions as endophenotype markers for PS. Additional risk factors for decline include ageing, low education and high PANSS results.
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Derang, Imelda. "HUBUNGAN INTELEGENSI DENGAN PERILAKU NERS TINGKAT II STIKES SANTA ELISABETH MEDAN." Elisabeth Health Jurnal 1, no. 1 (June 14, 2016): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.52317/ehj.v1i1.185.
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Intelligence is the ability to apply the knowledge and experiences that have been gained into the effort tasks are challenging and flexible book. Behaviour is an action that involves aspects of affective, cognitive, and psychomotor. Goal: This study aims to determine the relationship between the behavior of student nurses intelligence level II STIKes Santa Elisabeth Medan. Method: This study uses correlation with cross sectional design. The study population was all students / i Ners Level II STIKes Santa Elisabeth Medan as 65. The samples used were 65 respondents, the sampling technique in this research is using purposive sampling. The instrument of this study using questionnaire and observation sheets by using product moment test person. Result: Intelligence students as many as 30 people (46.2%) classified as having an average level of intelligence. A total of 32 people (49.2%) classified as well-behaved students. Person product moment test results obtained p value = 0.172 where a significant level of p> 0.05 so that this value proves that the absence of a relationship between the behavior of student nurses intelligence level II STIKes Santa Elisabeth Medan. Conclusion: Recommended for institutions, motivating students in balancing the behavior and intelligence.
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PANTELIS, C., C. A. HARVEY, G. PLANT, E. FOSSEY, P. MARUFF, G. W. STUART, W. J. BREWER, H. E. NELSON, T. W. ROBBINS, and T. R. E. BARNES. "Relationship of behavioural and symptomatic syndromes in schizophrenia to spatial working memory and attentional set-shifting ability." Psychological Medicine 34, no. 4 (April 21, 2004): 693–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291703001569.
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Background. Behavioural syndromes (thought disturbance, social withdrawal, depressed behaviour and antisocial behaviour) offer a different perspective from that of symptomatic syndromes on the disability that may be associated with schizophrenia. Few studies have assessed their relationship with neuropsychological deficits. We hypothesized that these syndromes may represent behavioural manifestations of frontal-subcortical impairments, previously described in schizophrenia.Method. Long-stay inpatients (n=54) and community patients (n=43) with enduring schizophrenia were assessed, using measures of symptoms and behaviour and tests of executive functioning. The relationship between syndromes and neuropsychological function was assessed using multiple regression and logistic regression analyses.Results. Significant associations were found between performance on the spatial working memory task and the psychomotor poverty symptomatic syndrome, and between attentional set-shifting ability and both disorganization symptoms and the thought disturbance behavioural syndrome. These results were not explained by the effect of premorbid IQ, geographical location, length of illness or antipsychotic medication. Length of illness was an independent predictor of attentional set-shifting ability but not of working memory performance.Conclusion. The specific relationship between negative symptoms and spatial working memory is consistent with involvement of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The associations between difficulty with set-shifting ability and both disorganization symptoms and behaviours may reflect inability to generalize a rule that had been learned and impaired ability to respond flexibly. The specific relationship of illness duration to set-shifting ability may suggest progressive impairment on some executive tasks. The nature of these relationships and their neurobiological and rehabilitation implications are considered.
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Patapavičiūtė, Greta, Laura Lukošienė, Ilona Razlevičė, and Andrius Macas. "EMERGENCE DELIRIUM IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS UNDERGOING GENERAL ANESTHESIA." Health Sciences 31, no. 4 (July 1, 2021): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35988/sm-hs.2021.115.
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Background: Emergence delirium (ED) is described as a transient state of cognitive disturbance and psychomotor agitation, which begins with emergence from anesthesia and continues through the early recovery period. The incidence of ED in the pediatric population remains unclear and ranges from 10 to 80%. The pathophysiology and underlying mechanisms of ED are also uncertain. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of ED, potential risk factors that may contribute to the development of ED and observe behaviour changes related to ED in the late postoperative period. Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out with children aged 1 to 12 years. The child’s behaviour before anesthesia was evaluated using the Pediatric Anesthesia Behavior (PAB) score. Medications used during the perioperative period were registered. The Watcha scale was used to evaluate if children developed ED and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to register pain intensity during the first 15 minutes after the awakening. Parents of patients who experienced agitation were asked to assess their child’s behaviour two weeks after the anesthesia. Results: Among 136 observed patients 24 (17.6%) had ED. The duration of anesthesia among ED experienced patients was 45.42 (SD 18.35) min and it was significantly shorter than among children who didn’t develop ED – 60 (SD 29.03) min, p = 0.016. Eighteen (15.5%) patients in a mild pain group (VAS 0 to 3) experienced ED while in a moderate-25 severe pain group (VAS 4-10) there were 6 (37.5%) children who developed ED, p=0.033. However, age, the American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification (ASA) class, surgery type, behaviour before anesthesia induction and perioperative medications were not associated with ED. Conclusions: The prevalence of ED observed during our study, short duration of anesthesia and postoperative pain association with ED coincided with the results specified by other researchers. ED associated behavior changes were reported in the late postoperative period. Our other findings appeared to be not consistent with the results reported in other studies. Thus, the dilemma of ED still remains unresolved.
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Chmielewska, Anna, Piotr Dziechciarz, Dorota Gieruszczak-Białek, Andrea Horvath, Małgorzata Pieścik-Lech, Marek Ruszczyński, Agata Skórka, and Hania Szajewska. "Effects of prenatal and/or postnatal supplementation with iron, PUFA or folic acid on neurodevelopment: update." British Journal of Nutrition 122, s1 (January 22, 2016): S10—S15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114514004243.
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AbstractNeurodevelopment has been linked, among other factors, to maternal and early infant diets. The objective of this review, which is part of the NUTRIMENTHE research project ‘The effect of diet on the mental performance of children’ (www.nutrimenthe.com), was to update current evidence on the effects of nutritional interventions such as iron, folic acid or n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) supplementation during pregnancy and/or in early life on the mental performance and psychomotor development of children. In May 2014, we searched MEDLINE and The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for relevant studies published since 2009. The limited updated evidence suggests that iron supplementation of infants may positively influence the psychomotor development of children, although it does not seem to alter their mental development or behaviour. The use of multivitamin-containing folic acid supplements during pregnancy did not benefit the mental performance of the offspring. Evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCT) did not show a clear and consistent benefit of n-3 LCPUFA supplementation during pregnancy and/or lactation on childhood cognitive and visual development. Caution is needed when interpreting current evidence, as many of the included trials had methodological limitations such as small sample sizes, high attrition rates, and no intention-to-treat analyses. Taken together, the evidence is still inconclusive. Large, high-quality RCT to assess the effects of supplementation with iron, LCPUFA or folic acid are still needed to further clarify the effects of these, and other nutrients, on neurodevelopment. Recent recommendations from scientific societies are briefly presented.
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Zhai, Shumin. "Investigation of Feel for 6DOF Inputs: Isometric and Elastic Rate Control for Manipulation in 3D Environments." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 37, no. 4 (October 1993): 323–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129303700415.
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An increasing need exists for both a theoretical basis and practical human factors guidelines for designing and selecting high degree-of-freedom (DOF) computer input devices for 3D interactive environments such as telerobotic and virtual reality systems. This study evaluates elastic versus isometric rate control devices, in a 3D object positioning task. An experiment was conducted with a stereoscopic virtual reality system. The results showed that the elastic rate controller facilitated faster task completion time in the first of four phases of the experiment. The results are discussed in light of psychomotor literature. While the richer proprioceptive feedback afforded by an elastic controller is necessary for achieving superior performance in the early stages of learning, subjects performed equally well with the isometric controller in later learning stages. The study provides evidence to support a theory of skill shift from closed-loop to open-loop behaviour as learning progresses.
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Maddison, J. E., D. Yau, P. Stewart, and G. C. Farrell. "Cerebrospinal fluid γ-aminobutyric acid levels in dogs with chronic portosystemic encephalopathy." Clinical Science 71, no. 6 (December 1, 1986): 749–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0710749.
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1. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels were measured in a dog model of spontaneous chronic portosystemic encephalopathy. 2. Dogs with congenital portacaval shunts (intra- or extra-hepatic) develop neurological features of abnormal psychomotor behaviour and depressed consciousness that are consistent with the symptoms of chronic portosystemic encephalopathy in humans. In the five dogs studied, plasma ammonia was elevated, as was CSF tryptophan, both usual biochemical abnormalities in portosystemic encephalopathy. 3. CSF levels of GABA in five dogs with portosystemic encephalopathy (100 ± 13 pmol/ml) were not significantly different from those in five control dogs (96 ± 14 pmol/ml). CSF levels of GABA were not altered after ammonia infusion. 4. If enhanced GABA-ergic neurotransmission, due to influx of gut-derived GABA into the brain, is responsible for the pathophysiology of chronic portosystemic encephalopathy in this model, it is not reflected by increased levels of GABA in CSF.
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Cacabelos, Ramón, Hisayoshi Niigawa, Yoshiaki Ikemura, Yuji Yanagi, Shigemi Tanaka, María D. Rodríguez-Arnao, Antonio Gómez-Pan, and Tsuyoshi Nishimura. "GHRH-induced GH response in patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type." Acta Endocrinologica 117, no. 3 (March 1988): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1170295.
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Abstract. To clarify the functional state of the somatotropinergic system at the hypothalamo-hypophyseal level in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type, the GHRH test was performed in three groups of subjects: a) healthy elderly subjects; b) early onset senile dementia patients; and c) late onset senile dementia patients. Intravenous administration of GHRH(1–44)NH2 (100 μg) elicited a marked plasma GH response with a maximum peak (709.54 ± 259.0 pmol/l; P < 0.005) 60 min after injection in patients with early onset senile dementia, but no significant response was detected in the other two groups. Electroencephalographic recording showed that GHRH modifies brain bioelectrical activity, decreasing frequency (0.52 ± 0.15 Hz) and increasing amplitude (8.25 ± 4.5 μV) of the electroencephalogram basic rhythm. The evaluation of mental performance and behaviour with a battery of different tests for mental assessment revealed that GHRH induces transient clinical changes in psychomotor behaviour. According to these results, it seems likely that the somatostatin deficiency reported in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type may account for the enhanced GHRH-induced GH response observed in patients with early onset senile dementia. In consequence, the GHRH test might constitute a useful antemortem marker for senile dementia of the Alzheimer type if the present results can be replicated in early stages of the disease.
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Vazagayeva, T. I., R. V. Akhapki, A. O. Korendyukhina, and A. Z. Fayzulloyev. "The effect of sertraline on cognitive, psychomotor and personality-behavioural parameters in therapy of depression (clinical case)." Medical Council, no. 21 (January 28, 2020): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2019-21-103-109.
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The article presents a clinical case of the use of the antidepressant sertraline at a dose of 100 mg in a patient with a primary moderate depressive episode. At the time of treatment, the condition lasted 16 months, and symptomatology of anxiousapathic depression of endoreactive type was observed. Positive therapeutic dynamics were observed in the course of therapy with achieving clinical remission by the end of the 6th week of treatment. The reduction of anxiodepressive symptomatology was accompanied by positive dynamics of psychomotor indices with normalization of balance of excitation and inhibition processes, cognitive indices with improvement of executive functions in the form of increase of polyindependence, functional mobility of nervous processes and stress resistance, increase of productivity and stability of attention, operative memory. Significant positive changes were observed in the analysis of formal-dynamic personal characteristics: the level of psychomotor and intellectual emotionality decreased, which reflects a decrease in the intensity of emotional experience of the divergence between the expected and real results of activity, the levels of intellectual plasticity reflecting the flexibility of thinking, intellectual and communicative speed, i.e. the speed of mental processes, speech activity and verbalization increased. In the personal- emotional sphere there was an increase in frustration tolerance, balance of extrapunitive, intrapunitive and impulsive directions of reactions, increase in frequency of «obstacle-fixed» type of reaction and decrease in frequency of «self-protection» type of reaction, decrease in aggressiveness index. At the same time there were no changes in «behavioural activity types» technique: the expressed behavioural pattern of «A» type of so-called «stress-coronary» behaviour was preserved. The revealed changes indicate an increase in the adaptive capacity of the individual against the background of remitative antidepressive pharmacotherapy with sertraline.
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Tremey, A., I. de Chazeron, G. Brousse, and P. M. Llorca. "Punding in Parkinson's disease: To a better understanding of a common phenomenon between Parkinson's disease and addictions." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.251.
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IntroductionPunding is a stereotypical motor behaviour characterized by a repetitive, excessive and non-goal oriented activity that causes an important loss of time. Since its first description in psychostimulant addicts, data on punding has only derived from studies on Parkinsonian patients treated with dopaminergic drugs. Little is known in the literature about Parkinsonian patient's characteristics who suffer from punding.ObjectiveWe propose to study characteristics of Parkinsonian “punders” in order to investigate the pathophysiology of this phenomenon.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we use the “Ardouin Scale of Behavior in Parkinson's disease” database. This database was initially used to design a global scale to detect changes in mood and behavior of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. We compared different variables between Parkinsonian patients who suffer from punding with non-punder Parkinsonian patients.ResultsEighty of the 258 patients were identified as punders. In univariate analysis, the punder and non-punder groups differed statistically with regard to the age of diagnostic of PD, hypersexuality and dopaminergic agonist treatment. In multivariate analysis, the punder and non-punder groups only differed statistically with regard to dopaminergic agonist treatment (P = 0.05).ConclusionDopaminergic agonist treatments appear to be more represented among patients with punding in our sample. Impulse control disorders (ICD) are known to be more common in patients treated by dopamine agonists. Punding could be considered as the most severe form of ICD that is linked to psychomotor stimulation and reward mechanisms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Buchinskaya, Natalia V., Eugenia A. Isupova, and Mikhail M. Kostik. "Homocystinuria: Literature Review and Clinical Case Description." Current Pediatrics 18, no. 3 (September 18, 2019): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v18i3.2036.
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Homocystinuria is rare autosomal-recessive monogenic disorder associated with disturbance of methionine metabolism due to liver enzyme cystathionine--synthetase (CBS) deficit. That in turn causes elevated concentration of homocystein and its metabolites in blood and urine. The main clinical manifestations of homocystinuria are: myopia, ectopia lentis, psychomotor retardation, learning difficulties, mental retardation, mental illnesses, behaviour problems, paroxysms, extrapyramidal symptoms, skeletal anomalies (body height), long limbs — dolichostenomelia and arachnodactylia (Marfan Phenotype), pectus carinatum, valgus lower limbs, scoliosis, osteoporosis, thromboembolic disorders. Diagnostics of homocystinuria is based on clinical findings and laboratory changes (increase of methionine and homocysteine levels in serum). There is prenatal and DNA-diagnostics (genetic variants in CBS gene). Revealing of homocystinuria demands examination of first-degree relatives. Therapy of patients with homocystinuria includes not only diet therapy but also pyridoxine, folic acid, betaine administration. Syndromic concomitant therapy is also used. The description of the patient with severe B6-resistant form of homocystinuria is given in this article.
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Trento, Marina, and Massimo Porta. "The Role of Group Care in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes." European Endocrinology 06 (2010): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/ee.2010.06.00.43.
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‘Group Care’ is a clinical pedagogic model aimed at offering continuing structured education and care to people with diabetes. The hypothesis is that patients are best helped to become self-sufficient and self-reliant, and consequently to improve clinically, by seeing them in groups rather than using the traditional one-to-one approach. The Group Care programme is articulated over seven sessions held over two years, with one session every three months, which can be repeatedad libitum. Each session lasts up to one hour and methodologies facilitate learning through cognitive and psychomotor abilities such as simulations, role-playing games, debates, workshops and working groups. A pragmatic randomised, controlled clinical trial proved that Group Care improves knowledge of diabetes, health behaviour and quality of life along with bodyweight, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. In addition, Group Care encourages team work by motivating health operators and helps empower patients and build strategies enabling them to cope with diabetes.
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Roberts, Caroline, Morgan McEachern, and Anne Mounsey. "CSF studies which ultimately led to the possible diagnosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis." BMJ Case Reports 13, no. 5 (May 2020): e233489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-233489.
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A 17-year-old man with no significant medical history presented with new-onset seizure activity and altered mental status manifesting as bizarre behaviour, which included rapid pressured and tangential speech, psychomotor agitation, insomnia and delusions. He also had autonomic dysregulation, manifested in labile blood pressures. He had been recently discharged from his first psychiatric hospitalisation. Many studies were performed, including electroencephalogram (EEG), head CT, laboratory work, urine drug screen and lumbar puncture with cerebral spinal fluid studies, which ultimately led to the diagnosis of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) autoimmune encephalitis. He was treated with five rounds of plasmapheresis with complete resolution of his altered mental status. This case highlights the importance of being familiar with the presentation of anti-NMDAR autoimmune encephalitis, especially in cases of new-onset mental status changes with psychotic like symptoms, seizure-like activity and autonomic dysregulation as early detection and treatment improves chances of good prognosis with return to baseline cognitive function.
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Nimeri, Nuha. "Smith–magenis syndrome. A unique neonatal presentation among the Arab population." MOJ Clinical & Medical Case Reports 10, no. 6 (2020): 160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojcr.2020.10.00368.
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Smith–Magenis Syndrome (SMS) is a rare multisystem genetic disorder caused by a heterozygous deletion of or a heterozygous pathogenic variant in RAI1 on chromosome 17p11.2. characterized by the variable intellectual deficit, sleep disturbance, brachycephaly, midface hypoplasia, prognathism, hoarse voice, speech delay with or without hearing loss, psychomotor and growth retardation, cutaneous features, and behaviour problems. Our reported case is a term newborn diagnosed antenatally in the feto-maternal unit to have large multi-cystic dysplastic left kidney and unilateral cerebralventriculomegaly. The genetic disorder was suspected due to symmetric IUGR and dysmorphic features. Chromosomal micro-array confirmed the diagnosis of Smith-Magenis Syndrome.MRI brain confirmed Dandy-Walker spectrum malformation. Ultrasound abdomen showed left multi-cystic dysplastic kidney. Smith-Magenis Syndrome is usually diagnosed in childhood and little is known about its presentation in neonates especially in the Arab population. Our patient presented with Intra-cranial haemorrhage, seizures, thrombocytopenia, feeding difficulty, hypoglycemia and acute kidney injury; which all resolve before discharge.
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Vieta, E., M. Garriga, L. Cardete, M. Bernardo, M. Lombraña, J. Blanch, R. Catalán, et al. "Algorithm-based protocol for the identification, management and treatment of psychiatric patients with acute psychomotor agitation." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.828.
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IntroductionPsychomotor agitation is the most common behavioural disorder observed in emergency and psychiatry departments. This syndrome is characterized by excessive or inappropriate motor or verbal activity and important emotional tension. Psychomotor agitation may be associated with medical conditions, substance intoxication/withdrawal and in a significant number of cases with schizophrenia or bipolar I disorder.ObjectivesThe objective of this protocol was to provide up-to-date guidance to identify, manage and treat patients with an episode of acute agitation, considering the consensus clinical knowledge, current ethical standards and available therapies. This protocol is aimed to be a patient-centric tool helping to anticipate and prevent the escalation of agitation symptoms.MethodsThe method followed to elaborate this document was through a combination of comprehensive bibliographical review (complied in the article “Assessment and management of agitation in psychiatry: expert consensus” by Garriga M. et al. (World J Biol Psychiatry, 2016), interaction with patients, and the clinical experience in our centre.ResultsThe elaboration of this protocol resulted in a document that contains guidelines to identify, manage and treat patients efficiently, ethically and safely. One of the novelties of the protocol is the addition of dichotomies based on the patients’ willingness to cooperate. The information is summarized in easy-to-use algorithms for non-specialized healthcare professionals.ConclusionsThis protocol may provide the basis of a new standardized treatment paradigm for psychomotor agitation which may help improve the patient's experience and therapeutic alliance with the healthcare professional and optimize resources in healthcare centres.Disclosure of interestCOI: The preparation of the protocol was funded by an unrestricted grant from Ferrer International. The company had no say on protocol content. Dr Vieta has received funding for research projects and/or honoraria as a consultant or speaker for from the following companies and institutions: AB-Biotics, Allergan, AstraZeneca, Bial, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, Elan, Eli Lilly, Farmaindustria, Ferrer, Forest Research Institute, Gedeon Richter, Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Janssen, Lundbeck, Otsuka, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, Servier, Shire, Solvay, Sunovion, Takeda, Telefónica, Institute of Health Carlos III [Instituto de Salud Carlos III], Séptimo Programa Marco (ENBREC), Brain and Behaviour Foundation (NARSAD) and Stanley Medical Research Institute.
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Herrero Nivela, Mª Luisa, Elena Escolano-Pérez, Mª Teresa Anguera, and Marian Acero-Ferrero. "EVALUACIÓN MEDIANTE OBSERVACIÓN DE LA MOTRICIDAD EN NIÑOS DE EDUCACIÓN INFANTIL." International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD de Psicología. 5, no. 1 (December 21, 2016): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2014.n1.v5.708.
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Abstract.ASSESSMENT BY OBSERVATION OF MOTOR SKILLS IN PRESCHOOL CHILDRENThe psychomotor development is a dynamic process as result of the nervous system maduration, neuromuscular function and sensitive organs, which happens during the interaction of the child with the environment. All contribute to the acquisition of skills and more complex responses. The present study is an example of how teachers can use observation to assess child´s motor behaviour. This study analyses the possible existence of patterns of motor behaviour and its evolution in a group of schoolchildren in the early childhood education in their physical education class during spontaneous play and directed activities.Keywords: motor activity, observational methodology, assesmentResumen.El desarrollo psicomotor en un proceso dinámico producto de la maduración del sistema nervioso, la función neuromuscular y los órganos sensoriales, que ocurre en la medida que el niño interactúa con el entorno, se traduce en la adquisición sistemática de habilidades y respuestas cada vez más compleja. El estudio que presentamos muestra un ejemplo de cómo los docentes pueden utilizar la observación para la evaluación de la conducta motriz de los escolares. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es analizar la posible existencia de patrones de conducta motriz y su evolución en un grupo de escolares de la etapa de educación infantil en clase de eduación física cuando realizan actividades tanto de juego espontáneo como dirigido.Palabras clave: motricidad, metodología observacional, Evaluación.
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Espinosa, L., A. Fortea, G. Oriolo, M. Balcells, and C. Oliveras. "Suicide attempt in alcohol use disorder and Wernicke encephalopathy: A case report." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.2236.
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BackgroundThe relation between alcohol dependence and suicidal behavior is well known and alcohol consumption is a risk factor to take in consideration in order to prevent suicidal attempts. Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is a common acute neurological disorder caused by thiamine deficiency frequently associated with alcohol use disorder and often infra-diagnosed. Just few cases are reported about the possible correlation between suicidal behaviour and Wernicke encephalopathy.ObjectiveTo describe the possible association between suicidal attempts and Wernicke encephalopathy.MethodsWe report the case of a 57 year old man, with past diagnosis of disthymia and amphetamine abuse disorder, and a history of bariatric surgery, who was hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) of hospital clinic for a suicidal attempt by mean of metro railway precipitation. He presented two episodes of psychomotor agitation in the context of an abstinence syndrome that reverted with midazolam continuous perfusion and clonazepam 8 mg per day. Consequently to medical improvement, he was moved to Psychiatry Unit of Addictive Behavior and finally diagnosed with alcohol use disorder.ResultsIn the physical exam, bilateral nystagmus and cerebellar ataxia were observed. Signs of malnutrition were detected in the blood analysis. In a brain magnetic resonance image, volume deficits in the mammillary bodies, thalamus, cortex and corpus callosum, as well as peri-aqueductal altered signal were observed, all signs compatible with Wernicke encephalopathy diagnoses.ConclusionsWernicke encephalopathy is a frequent concomitant condition in patients with alcohol use disorder. The consequent cognitive decline could represent an independent added risk factor for suicidal behavior.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Waddington, John L. "Functional interactions between D-1 and D-2 dopamine receptor systems: their role in the regulation of psychomotor behaviour, putative mechanisms, and clinical relevance." Journal of Psychopharmacology 3, no. 2 (March 1989): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026988118900300202.
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Davis, Julian P., Fiona K. Judd, and Helen Herrman. "Depression in Adults with Intellectual Disability. Part 1: A Review." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 31, no. 2 (April 1997): 232–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679709073826.
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Objective: To examine the available literature regarding prevalence, clinical features and treatment of depression in adults with intellectual disability (ID). Method: A review of standard texts of ID and available literature examining psychiatric problems of individuals with ID. Results: Few methodologically sound studies of prevalence have been reported. The clinical features of depression in adults with ID appear to vary with level of disability; in those with higher levels of disability in particular, irritability and anger, self-injurious and aggressive behaviour, psychomotor change and loss of activities of daily living skills may be observed rather than ‘classic’ depressive symptoms. No systematic treatment studies have been reported; case reports support the efficacy of cognitive and behavioural strategies, antidepressants and electroconvulsive therapy. Conclusions: Well designed studies to assess the prevalence and evaluate the treatment of depression in individuals with ID are urgently needed. Design of these studies will need to address the questions of reliability and validity of diagnosis in individuals with ID and examine the appropriateness of available diagnostic criteria.
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Mishra, Nishi, Apoorva Ghanekar, and Arunima Gupta. "Personality Assessment of Officer Cadre of Indian Armed Forces: A De Novo Approach." Defence Life Science Journal 3, no. 1 (December 15, 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.3.11329.
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The present selection system of the officer cadre of the Armed Forces has stood the test of time. However, owing to the transformations and developments in the society, a need was felt to upgrade this system. After a number of interactions and deliberations, a new programme called ‘De Novo system for the Selection of Personnel in the Armed forces’ was initiated. To identify the domains that need to be assessed through this system, job analysis was carried out. Data were collected from the presently employed officers of the Armed Forces, and the officers were asked to fill out survey performa, critical incidents record, task inventory and attribute questionnaire. Job analysis identified 5 domains of assessment, namely, cognition, affect, behaviour, psychomotor, and values. 16 Attributes of military leaders under these 5 domains were also identified. Tests were developed under the three techniques (psychological, group testing, and interview) to assess these 16 attributes and the 5 domains. The prototype of the tests was developed following an assessment centre approach and the trials for the same are due in the coming months.
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Pranjić, Nurka, Osman Sinanović, Jasenko Karamehić, and Rušid Jakubović. "Assessment of chronic neuropsychological effects of mercury vapour poisoning in chloral-alkali plant workers." Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 2, no. 1-2 (February 20, 2002): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2002.3578.
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A prospective case study was conducted in the Department of Occupational Medicine, Tuzla. The purpose of this study was to indicate negative effects from occupational exposure to mercury on behavioural and mental health, memory and psychomotor function that was tested in 46 chloral-alkali plant workers (mean age was 38. 8+/- 5. 7 years; mean age of occupational history 16. 5+/- 6. 0 years). Data on toxicological monitoring on atomic absorption spectrometer, and data on mental health were collected, psychiatric and other subjective symptoms, and behavioural, psychomotor and memory function tested. The data were compared to control group, 32 healthy non exposed workers. The study was designed to assess blood and urine mercurylevels and length of occupational exposure and investigate its relationships to effects on the mental health. The mean air mercury levels were 0.23 mg/m3, the mean blood mercury concentrations was 3. 6 mg/ dl and the mean urine mercuryconcentrations were 151.7 +/- 180.4 mg/l. In 25 (53%) workers exposed to mercury vapour was identified Depression-Hypochondrias Syndrome (p trend < 0. 001) with higher scores for scales: Hysteria (p trend <0. 001), Schizoid and Psychoastenia (MMPI). All psychological parameters were in highly significantly correlations with mercury levels and length of occupational exposure. Pathological parameters were possible general identified if the concentration of blood mercury levels are >2. 9 mg/ dl, or urine mercury levels > 87 mg/l workers exposed to mercury vapour knew that toxic effects in body resulted in loosing some of intellectual abilities, and that people who handle chemicals had an increased health risk (ESW questionnaire). The occupational mercury exposed workers had introvert behaviour (EPQ). Aggressiveness was found in 71.7% workers. The cognitive disturbances: short-term memory loss, difficult to concentrate on tasks which require attention and thinking, were significantly differed compared to those of controls (p trend < 0. 001). In 24 (52%) exposed to mercury workers we have determined ego strength loss and regressive defensive mechanisms (LB). Handwriting disturbances-micrography we have identified in 27 (58.7%) workers.
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Nikolayev, Serhiy, and Yuriy Nikolayev. "Level of Development of Psychophysiological Indicators of Female Students of 1–4 Years of Study." Physical education, sports and health culture in modern society, no. 2(38) (June 30, 2017): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/2220-7481-2017-02-117-120.
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It is stating in modern scientific literature that physical exercises have the healthiest meaning according to the individual physiological peculiarities of children and youth. Taking into consideration all these investigations for the optimization of physical education in higher educational establishments, firstly it is necessary to study the real conditions of students’ psychophysical preparation. It is scientifically proved that systematic implementation of physical exercises increases functional human ability, physical development and preparation, improves health conditions, helps to recover quickly after different physical loads. Psychophysiology studies the role of many body processes in the behaviour and understanding of psychological process. The main place belongs to the learning of typical features, the discovering of properties of the nervous system. This direction is based on object-instrumental learning of the regularities of central nervous processes. The effectiveness of physical activities is defined by many «inner» (psychophysical) factors: motivations to work, abilities, stability for unfavourable factors of environment and states which are developed in human being under these factors. Studying age, sex and individual-typical peculiarities of human psychomotor skills is necessary for the determination of practical tasks in choosing the organization forms, methods and development tools. It is important to describe those age periods in which the most active different psychomotor skills appear. The particular part of psychophysical indexes is the quickness of simple and complicated reaction on the irritant and static and dynamic tremor. To optimize physical education of students it is necessary to research definite indicates of their psychophysical state such as: the quickness of simple and complicated reaction on the irritant, the exactness of measuring strength, time and spatial parameters, statistic and dynamic tremor before and after physical load. The questions of changing the peculiarities of the quickness of simple and complicated reaction on the irritant, static and dynamic tremor before and after the loads of the students of the Eastern European National University are enlighten in the article.
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GIANNOULOPOULOS (Γ.Δ. ΓΙΑΝΝΟΥΛΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ), G. D., and M. N. SARIDOMICHELAKIS (Μ.Δ. ΣΑΡΙΔΟΜΙΧΕΛΑΚΗΣ). "Flank sucking in a Doberman pincher." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 63, no. 3 (December 15, 2017): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15434.
Full textAbstract:
Flank sucking is a behavioural abnormality of compulsive nature that occurs almost exclusively in Doberman pinchers and is frequently accompanied by other abnormal behaviours, such as aerai lick dermatitis, blanket sucking and pica. A 2.5-year old, intact male, Doberman pinscher was presented because of a two-month long history of persistent right flank sucking. The dog was up-to-date with vaccinations and lived exclusively outdoors with his mother. The onset of the problem coincided with a period of crate restraining, where a short chain was used to avoid copulation with his mother, when she was in oestrus. Since then, the abnormal behaviour occurred on a daily basis and was not associated with neurological signs. In addition, the dog presented blanket sucking and pica that had first appeared during puppy hood. No clinical abnormalities were detected and the dog did not show signs of anxiety, aggression or fear during physical examination and blood sampling. Later-on and while remaining calm in the waiting room of the Clinic, the dog started chasing, chewing and sucking his right flank for over three minutes, but stopped immediately after his owner's verbal intervention. Primary diagnosis was compulsive flank sucking; differential diagnosis included Trichuris vulpis infestation, allergic dermatitis and psychomotor seizures. Results of haematological and serum biochemical examinations were unremarkable, whereas serological examination for Leishmania and faecal parasitological examination did not reveal significant results. Suggested treatment included administration of an anthelminthic combination (praziquantel, pyrantel and febantel), orally, for 4 consecutive days and clomipramine, at the dose of 1 mg/kg of body weight, every 12 hours, orally, for a long period of time, along with instructions to avoid the causative and triggering factors. Two months later, the owner reported that, although clomipramine had not been administered, the abnormal behaviour disappeared when the dog had been relocated to a new environment with no other animals and was free to roam. However, flank sucking reappeared after the dog had been moved back to the initial environment and chained.
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Isaacs, Ian, John Sweller, and Elizabeth Owen. "Letters to the Editor." Journal for Research in Mathematics Education 21, no. 1 (January 1990): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/jresematheduc.21.1.0091.
Full textAbstract:
Elizabeth Owen and John Sweller (JRME 20 (3), 322–328) made the observation that novice problem solvers are so preoccupied with using means-end strategies when solving “transfonnation” types of problems that they cannot spare any thought for an overview of the total problem. This leads them to suggest that it might be counterproductive to teach this problem-solving strategy. This tunnel-vision behaviour is quite common for most beginners learning a complex task, whether it is a psychomotor skill (like learning to drive a car), an algorithmic task (such as learning the traditional long division algorithm), or a novel problem-solving task (for example, verifying a trigonometric identity). In all three learning situations the novice needs to practise the required skills in various contexts to be able to transfer them eventually to other contexts. For transfer to take place effectively, the novice has to apply these skjlls in the new context under the guidru1ce of a skilled tutor, who makes the Ieamer aware of the similarities and differences between the new context and that in which the ski ll was initially acquired and the resulting modifications required to carry out the present task effectively.
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Padma, Kumari, Chandini ., Siddharth Shetty A., Safeekh A. T., and Raghavendra B. S. "Neuropsychiatric manifestations in patient with normal pressure hydrocephalus improved with therapeutic lumbar tapping." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 5 (April 26, 2019): 1979. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20191714.
Full textAbstract:
Normal pressure hydrocephalus is a communicating hydrocephalus without evident obstruction of the normal pathway of CSF flow. Normal-pressure hydrocephalus is a common cause of reversible dementia and it can also present with various psychiatric symptoms. A 76-year old man was brought to psychiatry OPD with history suggestive of decreased need for sleep for 8 days, disinhibited behaviour, increased libido, increased activity and increased talk for 4 days. On examination patient was noticed to be having increased psychomotor activity with increased talk, mood reported to be happy with elated affect, no content or perceptual disturbances were elicited. Cognitive functions were within normal limits. Personal and social judgement was impaired with grade 0 insight. General physical and systematic examinations were within normal limits. MRI reports showed ventricular enlargement suggestive of normal pressure hydrocephalus. Patient underwent diagnostic and therapeutic lumbar tapping. There was significant improvement in patient’s behavioural symptoms following therapeutic lumbar tapping. Therapeutic lumbar tapping in this case of normal pressure hydrocephalus was effective in the management of manic symptoms. Early identification of organic cause in late onset psychiatric disorders is necessary. Prompt intervention of the organic cause was effective in the management of manic symptoms.