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1
Dobrow, Jason A. "The Relationship between Psychopathic Personality Traits and Lying." Thesis, University of South Florida, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10112575.
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The current study examined the relationship between psychopathic personality traits and various forms of deception. Through the use of the Elemental Psychopathy Assessment to measure psychopathy, and several different assessment tools to measure deception, including the Multidimensional Deception Inventory (MDI), the relationship between psychopathic personality traits and deception was examined. Using an undergraduate sample of 261 participants at a large research university in the Southeastern United States, the relationship between the aforementioned constructs was explored. Results indicated that the overarching personality traits of Antagonism and Disinhibition were positively related to multiple dimensions of lying behavior. Frequency of lies told, Duping Delight (lies told for enjoyment), and lies told for personal gain/impression management and to avoid disclosing pertinent information were positively related to both Antagonism and Disinhibition. Results point to the need for future study in this area, as limited previous research has looked at the overlap between psychopathic personality traits and deception.
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Sundell, Jessica. "Psychopathic Personality Traits, Empathy, and Recognition of Facial Expressions of Emotions." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-172310.
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Psychopathic personality traits have been found to be associated with a variety of emotional deficits, including poor facial expression recognition, and reduced capacity to experience empathy. However, research has yielded conflicting results. This study investigated the relationship between psychopathic personality traits, facial emotion recognition, as well as empathy, in a community sample (n = 127), identified as having either low or elevated levels of psychopathic traits. Facial expression recognition was measured using the Hexagon task, which contains morphed facial expressions with two levels of expressivity. Psychopathic traits were assessed using the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory, and empathy was measured with the Interpersonal Reactivity Index. Individuals with elevated psychopathic traits did not display lower accuracy in facial expression recognition compared to the low psychopathic traits group, rather the reverse was found. Weak to strong negative correlations were found between psychopathic traits and empathy. Zero to weak correlations was found between psychopathic traits and expression recognition, as well as between empathy and expression recognition. The results are compared with similar studies, and implications for the study of psychopathy and emotion recognition are discussed.
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Frogner, Louise. "The Development of Conduct Problems in Early Childhood : The Role of Psychopathic Traits and Psychopathic Personality." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-53167.
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Research has shown that children displaying conduct problems (CP) early in life are at greater risk for severe CP and other negative outcomes later in life. However, not all children with early-onset CP will develop severe CP over the life-course. Thus, it is important to identify those at greater risk, preferably as early as possible, in order to adequately prevent a negative development. Psychopathic traits have received much attention in research on risk for severe CP, involving attempts to extend these traits, and their association to CP to childhood. However, research has thus far mainly focused on one dimension of psychopathic traits, that is callousunemotional (CU) traits, to some extent neglecting two other dimensions of traits commonly included in a psychopathic personality: an interpersonal, and a behavioural dimension. Hence, we still do not know if a full psychopathic personality is identifiable in early childhood, and if and how it is related to the development of severe and persistent CP. The aim of this dissertation was to examine if a psychopathic personality could be identified in early childhood, if psychopathic traits are stable over time, and if and how the psychopathic personality is related to childhood CP. Overall, the results show that psychopathic traits, as well as the display of a psychopathic personality, could be identified in early childhood. These traits were stable over time, and they were clearly and strongly related to childhood CP. Additionally, the combination of early-onset CP and a full psychopathic personality seems to be the most precarious for severe and persistent CP, even more so than the combination of CP and CU traits. With careful consideration to ethical aspects, these results are discussed both in relation to a developmental psychopathology perspective on CP, as well as in relation to diagnostic practice as it is framed today.
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Plonski, Jared. "Psychopathic personality traits and semantic processing of emotional Stroop stimuli." Tallahassee, Fla. : Florida State University, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/lib/digcoll/undergraduate/honors-theses/341786.
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Carter, Rachel M. "Psychopathic Traits and Insecure Attachment Patterns in Community-based Subgroups." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699993/.
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There is a growing body of research on psychopathic traits in non-clinical populations. This emerging research has documented the prevalence of psychopathic traits in the general population and demonstrated that psychopathy has a similar latent structure as well as similar correlates (e.g., violent behavior, alcohol abuse, and lower intelligence) to forensic/offender samples. Relatedly, there is strong evidence insecure attachment patterns in adulthood are associated with many personality disorders, including psychopathy, but only a few studies have examined the relationship between attachment and psychopathic traits in non-clinical samples (albeit, convenience samples of college students). Thus, two aims of the current study are to: 1) describe and explore the manifestation and expression of psychopathic traits in a large, community-based sample and 2) examine associations between adult attachment disturbances and psychopathic traits in diverse sociodemographic subgroups. Using a cross-sectional design, results showed mean-level psychopathy factor score differences existed only when considering single sociodemographic factors (e.g., age), not an interaction of those factors. Psychopathy factor profiles were also consistent across groups, with higher levels of lifestyle followed by interpersonal, affective, and antisocial traits reported. Regarding the second aim, findings indicated support for the positive association between disturbed attachment patterns in adult relationships and psychopathic traits, although these associations differed in males and females of different age groups. Finally, there was some support for attachment processes acting as a social development pathway toward psychopathy, as insecure attachments in adulthood partially mediated the relationships between age and interpersonal, affective, and lifestyle traits of psychopathy.
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Lasslett, Heather Elicia. "Cultural Influence on Attachment and Psychopathic Traits." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1248386/.
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Individuals evidencing psychopathic personality traits have been shown to have problematic attachment to others. Moreover, research suggests that culture affects attachment style as well as the expression of various psychopathic traits using the four-factor model of psychopathy. However, the majority of this research has included only white college students, which is a limiting factor. The current study assessed the relations among attachment representations and psychopathic features across two independent samples (one adult & one adolescent) from different world regions (adults only), ethnicity (adolescents only), and gender. Using similar assessments of attachment and psychopathic traits for both samples, dismissing attachment was related to aspects of psychopathic traits in nearly all cultures and ethnicities sampled. In the world sample, secure attachment was found to positively relate to impulsive and parasitic lifestyle traits in all regions. Culture and gender were found to moderate several relations between specific attachment styles and psychopathic features. Overall, the patterns of data indicated that many of the differences found between groups may be rooted in individualistic versus collectivistic values, and were consistent with previous research assessing these constructs across diverse samples.
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Stone, Maryann. "Predicting Behavior from Psychopathic and Antisocial Personality Traits in a Student Sample." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1940.
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Psychopathic personality is associated with a myriad of social and behavioral problems including violence, criminal activity, and overall failure to conform to social standards. In this study, psychopathic and antisocial personality traits are measured in a sample of college students via self-report surveys using questions derived from Hare's Psychopathic Checklist-Revised (PCL-R; 1991). Reliability and factor analyses were used to validate the inventory and create factor-based indices that were used to predict antisocial behavioral outcomes including violence, seeking revenge on persecutors, and suicidal ideation, in addition to other analogous and deviant behaviors. Findings showed a relationship between personality and behavior indicating that characteristics of one's personality may aid in the prediction and prevention of deviant behaviors. Implications for public policy, including the identification of traits that may be related to the propensity for such behaviors, are reviewed in the context of school shootings such as the incident at Columbine High School.
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Dukes, Amber. "Variables associated with attraction to individuals with psychopathic traits." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1257.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Sciences
Psychology
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Meehan, Anna, and Henrik Evertsson. "Genetic and Environmental Influences on Psychopathic Personality Traits : A Meta-Analytic Review." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-27685.
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To understand the etiology of psychopathic personality traits and thus in the long run to be able to develop successful prevention, a first step is to find out what role genetic and environmental effects play. A meta-review of 15 twin studies (N=26, 981), was conducted to estimate the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on psychopathic personality traits. The results show that additive genetic (heritable) factors and non-shared environmental factors each explain 50% of the variance in psychopathic personality traits, while shared environmental factors were of no importance. Measure, informant, age, and sex were investigated as potential moderators showing that informant had an impact on the findings. This meta-analysis provides a structured synthesis of the relative genetic and environmental contributions in psychopathic personality traits through various stages of development and across sex.För att förstå etiologin av psykopatiska personlighetsdrag och därmed i det långa loppet kunna utveckla framgångsrik prevention, är ett första steg att klargöra vilken roll genetiska och miljömässiga effekter spelar. En meta-översikt på 15 tvillingstudier (N=26,981), genomfördes för att uppskatta i vilken grad genetiska och miljömässiga faktorer påverkar psykopatiska personlighetsdrag. Resultaten visade att additiva genetiska (ärftliga) och unika miljömässiga faktorer förklarar 50% var av variansen i psykopatiska personlighetsdrag, medan delade miljömässiga faktorer inte var av betydelse. Mått, informant, ålder och kön undersöktes som potentiella moderatorer och visade att informant påverkade resultaten. Denna meta-analys ger en strukturerad syntes av de relativa genetiska och miljömässiga bidrag som påverkar psykopatiska personlighetsdrag genom olika utvecklingsstadier och mellan könen.
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Bewsey, Kyle. "Exploring Psychopathic Personality Traits and Moral Development in a Non-criminal Sample." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc271780/.
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This study explored psychopathic personality traits among a non-criminal, college undergraduate sample. Much research has been done on conceptualizing the construct of psychopathy, but this work has been conducted primarily with incarcerated individuals using a structured interview, The Psychopathy Checklist – Revised (PCL-R; Hare, 1991, 2003). The goal of the current study was to assess psychopathic traits among non-criminal individuals using The Self-Report Psychopathy Scale - Version Four (SRP-IV; Paulhus, Neumann, & Hare, in press), and compare how SRP-IV scores were associated with a well recognized semi-structured interview for psychopathy, The Psychopathy Checklist – Screening Version (PCL: SV; Hart, Cox, & Hare, 1995). The study also examined whether psychopathic personality traits could be predicted using a measure of normal-range personality, based on the five-factor model (FFM; Digman, 1990), and a measure developed by Loevinger (1976) related to ego development. Five-Factor Model Rating Form (FFMRF; Mullins-Sweat, Jamerson, Samuel, Olson, & Widiger, 2006) scores and Total Protocol Ratings (TPR score) on the Washington University Sentence Completion Test (WUSCT; Hy & Loevinger, 1996) were used to predict psychopathy scores. Correlations of SRP-IV scores and PCL: SV scores with FFMRF scores and WUSCT TPR scores were also examined for their uniformity. As predicted, there were significant, negative correlations between FFM domains, Agreeableness and Conscientious, and SRP-IV scores, as well as significant, negative correlations between WUSCT TPR scores and SRP-IV scores. These correlations ranged from small to strong for both SRP-IV overall scores and for SRP-IV factor scores (i.e., Interpersonal Manipulation, Callous Affect, Erratic Lifestyle, and Criminal Tendencies). Additionally, FFM domain scores and WUSCT TPR scores significantly predicted SRP-IV scores. FFM domains, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness, and WUSCT TPR scores, were the strongest predictors of SRP-IV scores. Similar results were found when FFM domain scores and WUSCT TPR scores predicted SRP-IV factor scores. Results also indicated Agreeableness and Conscientious explained an additional 24% of the variance in psychopathy scores, after controlling for WUSCT TPR scores. Conversely, WUSCT TPR scores explained an additional 5% of the variance in psychopathy scores after controlling for Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. Finally, as predicted, the differences in correlations between psychopathy scores (i.e., PCL: SV, SRP-IV), and Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and WUSCT TPR scores were not statistically significant providing evidence that correlates of psychopathic traits can be measured among non-criminal individuals using a self-report measure, the SRP-IV, and that these findings are concordant with those based on a standardized structured assessment for psychopathy. Limitations of the study, implications, and recommendations for future research are also discussed.
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Steadham, Jennifer A. "Psychopathic and Antisocial Personality Disorder Traits As Predictors of Reactive and Instrumental Aggression." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115167/.
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Aggression has traditionally been subdivided into two correlated, but distinct, subtypes: reactive and instrumental. Reactive aggression (RA) is considered impulsive, emotionally driven behavior, whereas instrumental aggression (IA) is planned and incentive-motivated. This thesis examines the relationships between RA, IA, psychopathy, and antisocial personality disorder (APD) symptoms in male and female offenders recruited from a jail in north Texas. Contrary to predictions, psychopathic traits did not account for more variance in aggression than did APD symptoms. Impulsivity demonstrated slight incremental validity over psychopathy for RA, and to a lesser degree, IA. the continued utility of the reactive-instrumental distinction and implications for professional practice in relation to the current study are examined. Study limitations and directions for future research are discussed.
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Backe, Daniel, and Johan Dankvardt. "Can Psychopathic Traits Predict Different Roles in Bullying: Perpetration or Victimization." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-65445.
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Bullying and being a victim of bullying have serious consequences for adolescents. Why do adolescents bully others and why do some become victims, could it be because of their personalities or maybe even problematic personality traits. In the current study, we will investigate if psychopathy or if any of the dimensions of psychopathy separately, can predict engagement in bullying or being a victim of bullying. The data that is used in this study is taken from a community sample from 7th through 8th grade. The results in this study show that psychopathy as an entirety and the interpersonal and behavioral dimension of psychopathy do in fact predict some levels of engagement in bullying, while the affective dimension did not. Psychopathy and the different dimensions did not significantly predict becoming a victim of bullying. In conclusion, traits like impulsivity and grandiosity can to some extent predict engagement in bullying, however psychopathy nor the dimension do not predict being a victim of bullying.Att mobba andra eller att falla offer för mobbning har allvarliga konsekvenser. Hur kommer det sig att vissa tonåringar mobbar andra och att andra blir offer; kan det möjligtvis vara på grund av personlighetsdrag eller mer problematiska personlighetsdrag. I denna studie kommer vi undersöka om psykopati i sin helhet eller någon av psykopatins dimensioner separat kan förutse att man mobbar andra eller att bli mobbad. De data som har använts i denna studie är från en stor datainsamling med ett urval bestående av ungdomar i sjunde och åttonde klass. Resultaten från denna studie visar att de två dimensionerna interpersonella och beteende till viss del kunde förutse att mobba andra. Psykopati eller någon av dess dimensioner kunde dock inte signifikant predicera att man blev mobbad. Sammanfattningsvis så visar studien att psykopatiska personlighetsdrag som att vara impulsiv och grandios till viss del kan predicera att mobba andra men inte predicera att man blir ett offer för mobbning.
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Mark, Daniel. "Contribution of Psychopathic Traits in the Prediction of Generalized Prejudice in Males." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404546/.
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Very few studies have investigated how psychopathic traits might contribute to our understanding of prejudicial attitudes. Moreover, previous studies involve a number of limitations which cloud interpretation of their findings. The current study examined the relationship between prejudice and a number of its predictors (e.g., social dominance orientation (SDO) and right-wing authoritarianism (RWA)), while also including psychopathic traits and an innovative new measure of empathy using an online sample. A path analytic framework was employed to comprehensively model relations among psychopathic traits, SDO, RWA, and affective empathy domains in the prediction of generalized prejudice. Overall, there was support for certain psychopathic traits being modest predictors of racial prejudice, although more proximal measures were much stronger predictors. The results revealed a number of novel relationships that may help in further understanding the links between psychopathic propensities, empathy, and social-cognitive variables predictive of racial prejudice.
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Sargeant, Marsha Nneka. "Biobehavioral mechanisms underlying emotionality in antisocial personality disorder and the role of psychopathic traits." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8723.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Psychology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Wennberg, Therese. "There are differences between men and women with psychopathic personality traits regarding sub-types of psychopathy, criminality, aggression and victimization." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-27687.
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Psychopathy is found in incarcerated populations and in the general population, among men and women. This study investigated if there were any gender differences between men and women with heightened levels of psychopathic traits regarding psychopathy factor scores, criminality, aggression and victimization. A randomized sample of 2500 mixed-sex (52.6 % women) participants (M=22.15; SD=1.38) from the general population, aged 20-24, was used. Results showed that women with psychopathic personality traits had significantly higher behavioral tendencies (e.g., impulsivity) on psychopathy than men with psychopathic personality traits. Men scored higher on violent criminal offences and criminal versatility and men and women differed in aggressive behavior and victimization. Gender differences in psychopathy features may create different needs for treatment.Personer med psykopati finns både bland kliniska populationer och bland normalpopulationen, bland män och kvinnor. Den här studien undersökte om det fanns könsskillnader mellan män och kvinnor med förhöjda nivåer av psykopatiska drag när det gäller psykopatifaktorer, kriminalitet, aggression och utsatthet. Ett slumpmässigt urval från normalpopulationen med både män och kvinnor (52,6 %), ålder 20-24 år (M=22,15; SD=1,38), användes. Resultaten visade att kvinnor med psykopatiska egenskaper har signifikant högre beteendemässiga drag av psykopati än män med psykopatiska egenskaper. Män uppvisade högre nivåer av våldsam kriminalitet och mångfald i brott. Män och kvinnor med psykopatisk personlighet uppvisade olika aggressiva beteenden och rapporterade olika typer av utsatthet. Könsskillnader i psykopatiska egenskaper kan skapa olika behov av behandling.
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Hunt, Elizabeth. "Exploring the Relationship between Facets of Psychopathy and Co-Occurring Psychopathology: Do Gender and Measurement Approach Matter?" Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6260.
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Psychopathy is a maladaptive personality disorder associated with a host of negative outcomes, including criminal behavior, psychopathology, and self-harm. Factor 1 (F1) and Factor 2 (F2) psychopathy show differential associations with psychopathology. However, evidence suggests that the statistical interaction of F1 and F2 may be more important in understanding associations with psychopathology. Findings regarding the interactive effects of F1 and F2 are mixed, as both potentiating and protective effects have emerged. Moreover, there is only scant research exploring the statistical impact of gender on these interactive effects. Furthermore, approaches to measuring F1 (e.g. clinical interview versus self-report) are based on different conceptualizations of F1, which may influence the strength and direction of the interactive effects. Study 1 aims to explore the influence of F1 and F2 on psychopathology by using both person-centered and variable-centered approaches on a sample of over 1,500 offenders. Study 2 seeks to replicate these findings among 227 drug users and 234 college students. Across analytic methods in Study 1, there were very cases in which F1 influenced the association between F2 and psychopathology, and there were no significant three-way gender interactions. Furthermore, the conceptualization of F1 across psychopathy measures did not impact the interactive effects of F1 and F2. Similar findings emerged in Study 2. These findings suggest that F2 is likely driving the relations between psychopathy and other forms of psychopathology, and that F1 plays less of a role in interacting with F2 than previously believed.
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Oncul, Oznur. "Roles Of Basic Personality Traits, Schema Coping Responses, And Toxic Childhood Experiences On Antisocial, Borderline, And Psychopathic Personality Characteristics." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12609775/index.pdf.
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The purpose of the present study was to investigate the roles of basic personality traits, schema coping responses, and toxic childhood experiences on antisocial, borderline, and psychopathic characteristics. Considering the gap in the literature regarding the community samples, the present study also included a non-criminal, besides the criminal sample, in order to observe the differences among the associated variables related to the characteristics of suggested personality disorders. In this way, it was aimed to obtain a general idea about the protective factors from offending. Consequently, the non-criminal sample consisted of 146 participants (78 females and 68 males) and the criminal sample included 131 participants (42 females and 89 males. Data was collected through a demographic form and a package of inventories. In general, the results yielded that a dysfunctional family environment, whether traumatic or non-traumatic seems to play a crucial role in the development of characteristics of personality disorders. Moreover, basic personality traits and coping responses are also observed to affect the behavioral presentation of these characteristics. The findings of the present study is generally in line with the literature suggesting that, dimensional approach to personality disorders, by revealing the sub-clinical features and providing a deeper focus to the underlying dynamics in each personality disorder, have several implications in both clinical and forensic area. The results, as well as their implications and limitations, are discussed
with reference to the recent literature. Finally, suggestions for further research are mentioned.
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Gillespie, Steven Mark. "Cognitive, affective and social psychological correlates of psychopathic personality traits in offenders and non-offenders." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4901/.
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This thesis aimed to investigate the cognitive, affective and social-psychological correlates of primary (selfish, uncaring) and secondary (reckless, prone to boredom) psychopathic traits. The results of Chapter 2 indicate that both primary and secondary psychopathic traits are associated with reduced empathic functioning. These results were supported by findings from Chapter 3, which suggest that elevated levels of secondary psychopathic traits may be linked with a lack of generosity for the out-group, but pro-social sentiment for the in-group. Chapter 4 used eye tracking to examine the cognitive mechanisms underlying empathic functioning and showed that primary psychopathic traits were linked with abnormal eye scan paths during an expression recognition task, indicated by reduced dwell time on the eye region of emotional faces. Chapter 5 further examined emotion recognition in an offending sample and revealed poor fearful face recognition among sexual and violent offenders. Furthermore, primary psychopathic traits were linked with greater impairment in fearful face recognition. Taken together, these findings show that primary and secondary psychopathic traits are linked with different patterns of performance on psychological tests. These results support the view that the variance accounted for by these traits should be considered separately in research and in clinical practice.
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White, Kelly Rose. "Emotional Intelligence and Psychopathic Personality Traits: Examination of Adult Male Sex Offenders in New Jersey." ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7903.
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Sexual assault and abuse have a significant impact on victims and society. Although there has been a plethora of research studies examining the criminogenic aspects of sexual offending, sparse literature exists on the emotional aspects of sexual offending. Prior research established that sex offenders hold deficits in their emotional functioning that could be a result of psychopathic personality traits. This research study sought to expand the literature on sex offenders and investigate if adult male sex offenders in New Jersey differ in emotional intelligence and psychopathic personality traits depending on victim typology. This study was grounded in coercion and integrated theories to explore if there are differences between the emotional intelligence and psychopathic personality traits of adult male sex offenders in New Jersey who have adult victims and child victims. The research questions asked if adult male sex offenders in New Jersey with adult victims differ in emotional intelligence and psychopathic personality traits than adult male sex offenders with child victims. Data were collected from a sample of 80 adult sex offenders located in New Jersey who were administered the Bar-On EQ-I and PPI-R. Results were analyzed using a multivariate analysis of variance. The findings of the study showed that when compared to convicted sex offenders with adult victims, convicted sex offenders with child victims had higher total and subscale scores on the EQ-I and lower scores on the three dimensions of the PPI-R. The implications for positive social change include helping to tailor treatment programs to reduce the risk of recidivism based off the identified offender emotional intelligence and psychopathic personality differences.
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Hansson, Matilda, and Sara Rosengren. "Impulsivity, irresponsibility, alcohol and substance use differ between “unsuccessful” and “successful” individuals with high levels of psychopathic personality traits." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-27477.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate what distinguishes psychopaths who commit crimes ("unsuccessful"), and psychopaths who do not commit crimes ("successful"). Most previous research has focused on neurobiological risk factors, while social and psychosocial factors have been studied to a lesser extent. Participants were drawn from the Swedish population-based RESUMÉ-study (Retrospective Study of Young People's Experiences). In total, 2500 individuals between the ages 20-24 (mean age=22.15, SD=1.38, 52.6% female and 47.4% male) participated in the study. Results showed that the “unsuccessful” psychopathy group was consuming larger amounts of alcohol and substances as well as scoring higher on the psychopathy dimension behavior (irresponsible/impulsive) than the "successful" group. In conclusion, these differences might partly explain why “unsuccessful” psychopaths commit crimes while “successful” psychopaths do not.Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka vad som skiljer mellan psykopater som begår brott ("misslyckade"), och psykopater som inte begår brott ("lyckade"). Större delen av den tidigare forskningen har fokuserat på neurobiologiska riskfaktorer, medan sociala och psykosociala faktorer har studerats i mindre utsträckning. Deltagarna kom från den svenska populationsbaserade RESUMÉ-studien (REtrospektiv Studie av Unga Människors Erfarenheter). Totalt deltog 2500 individer i åldrarna 20-24 år (medelålder=22.15, SD=1.38, 52.6% kvinnor och 47.4% män) i studien. Resultaten visade att den "misslyckade" psykopatigruppen konsumerar större mängder alkohol och substanser samt uppvisar högre nivåer av psykopatidimensionen beteende (oansvarig/impulsiv) än den "lyckade" psykopatigruppen. Sammanfattningsvis kan dessa skillnader delvis förklara varför "misslyckade" psykopater begår brott medan "lyckade" psykopater inte gör det.
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James, Matthew Gene. "Investigating Dimensions of Psychopathy in an Adjudicated Adolescent Sample: The Role of Race, Sex and Disruptive Family Processes." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1274310816.
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Weir, John M. "Subtyping psychopathy : exploring the roles of degree of punishment, cognitive dissonance and optimism." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001907.
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LaMarre, Amanda Kathleen. "Exploring the relationship between psychopathic personality traits and executive function task ability in young adults and adults genetically at-risk for frontotemporal lobar dementia." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/16836.
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The construct of impulsivity plays an important role in personality theory, and is related to cognitive processes subsumed under the heading of executive functions. Moreover, a relationship appears to exist such that individual differences in executive function coincide with variations in impulsive personality traits. The prefrontal cortex has been proposed to be the neuroanatomical site which orchestrates the relationship between both personality and higher-order cognition. Psychopathologies and neurological disorders which display high levels of impulsivity and prefrontal cortex dysfunction, such as psychopathy and Frontotemporal Lobar dementia (FTLD), provide support for this suggestion. This thesis reports two studies which further investigate this relationship.
In Study 1, undergraduate students completed the Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised (PPI-R) along with three tasks of executive function, the Stroop Task, Attention Networks Task (ANT) and the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). Hierarchical regression analysis indicates that the PPI-R Factor Score, Self-Centered Impulsivity, significantly predicts inability to implement an advantageous decision making strategy on the IGT. Neither Self-Centered Impulsivity, nor the other PPI-R Factor Score, Fearless Dominance predicted performance on any of the other tasks of executive function.
In Study 2, individuals at familial risk for FTLD who were either symptomatic or asymptomatic for the disease completed the PPI-R, depression and anxiety questionnaires and a battery of tasks measuring attention and executive function. Results indicate that symptomatic individuals perform significantly worse on several measures of executive function than asymptomatic individuals but did not differ significantly with respect to mean levels of psychopathic personality traits. Partial correlational analysis demonstrated a significant negative relationship between Fearless Dominance and response latency on the Stroop task and ANT. Self-Centered Impulsivity was significantly positively related to total rule violations and negatively related to response time on Trail Making Test B. Fearless Dominance was significantly related to depressive symptoms and trait anxiety.
Taken together, these results partially support the position that individuals with high levels of impulsive personality traits exhibit reduced executive function performance. It also contributes to the growing literature that suggests the factors comprising psychopathic personality relate differently to executive functions.
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Al, Khatib Linn, and Rubaye Omaima Al. "Psykopatiska personlighetsdrag och antisocialt beteende bland unga pojkar och flickor : Är sambandet oberoende av ungas sociala förmåga och föräldrars socioekonomisk status?" Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-86954.
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Denna studie syftade till att undersöka grad av alla tre dimensioner sammanslagna och respektive dimension av psykopati bland unga och hur det relaterade till antisocialt beteende samt om relationerna kvarstod oberoende av ungas sociala förmåga och föräldrars SES. Urvalet bestod av 1731 unga varav 912 pojkar och 819 flickor i åldern 11-13 år med medelålder 12,2. Psykopatiska personlighetsdrag definierades med tre dimensioner som var grandiositet - manipulation, brist i empati - flackt känsloliv och impulsivitet - behov av omväxling. Resultaten visade att pojkar uppvisade högre grad av psykopatiska personlighetsdrag jämfört med flickor. Psykopatiska personlighetsdrag och antisocialt beteende korrelerade i hög utsträckning med varandra. Majoriteten av korrelationerna var högre bland pojkar än flickor separat. Sambanden kvarstod mellan psykopatiska personlighetsdrag och antisocialt beteende vid kontroll för ungas sociala förmåga respektive föräldrars SES för totala urvalet samt separat för pojkar respektive flickor. Slutsatsen som drogs var att psykopatiska personlighetsdrag och antisocialt beteende var relaterade till varandra. Denna relation var oberoende av ungas sociala förmåga och föräldrars SES. Diskussioner om praktiska implikationer förs och direktiv för framtida forskning ges.The main purpose of this study was to investigate the extent of psychopathic personality traits among youths and how it related to antisocial behaviour and whether the relationships remained independent of youth’s social skills and parental SES. The study consisted of 1731 participant, where 912 of them were boys, and 819 were girls at age 11-13 with mean age 12,2. The psychopathic personality traits consist of three different dimensions; Grandiose-Deceitful, Callous-Unemotional, and Impulsivity-Need for Stimulation. The results showed that the psychopathic dimensions were significantly higher among boys than girls. We also examined the relationship between the psychopathic dimensions and conduct problems for the total sample, which showed a high positive significant correlation. These correlations were tested for both genders separately, which showed indications of boys having a higher correlation than girls. Furthermore, the result indicated that the relationship remained between psychopathic dimensions and conduct problems in controlling for social skills respective socioeconomic status for the total sample and separately for boys and girls. The conclusion drawn that psychopathic personality traits and conduct problem were related to each other. This relationship was independent of young’s level of social skills and parental level of SES. Discussions of practical implications and directives for future research are provided.
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Rogstad, Jill E. "Female Psychopathy Predictors: Cluster B Traits and Alexithymia." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc283811/.
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Psychopathy has long been lauded as a premier predictor of negative behavioral outcomes because of its demonstrated associations with violence, antisocial conduct, and institutional maladjustment. Traditional conceptualizations of psychopathy highlight the relatively equal importance placed on personality features (i.e., a grandiose, deceitful interpersonal style and deficits in affective experience) and behavioral elements (i.e., an impulsive and irresponsible lifestyle marked by social deviance) of the syndrome. However, little research to date has investigated psychopathy dimensions in female samples, particularly as they relate to maladaptive behaviors beyond forensic settings. The current study comprehensively examined personality (i.e., Axis II Cluster B traits and alexithymia) and behavioral (i.e., suicide-related behavior and aggression) expressions of psychopathy in a sample of female inpatients recruited from trauma and dual-diagnosis units at a psychiatric hospital in Dallas, Texas. Contrary to expectations, the essential components of psychopathy in female psychiatric patients emphasized APD and NPD traits over features of HPD and BPD, which were relatively similar to elements traditionally highlighted in male psychopathy. On this point, two latent dimensions comprehensively addressed female psychopathy in the current sample: impulsive antisociality and narcissistic and histrionic interpersonal style. Interestingly, psychopathy (M r = .01) and Cluster B traits (M r = .05) were virtually unrelated to suicide-related behavior in female patients with trauma and substance use histories, but APD and BPD traits were more discerning for impulsive and premeditated aggression than variants of psychopathy. Aggression's relationship to BPD traits is at least partially mediated by alexithymia. These results are discussed in terms of improving evaluation and intervention efforts aimed at identifying and managing psychopathic females beyond forensic settings.
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Lau, Katherine S. L. "Exploring Narcissism, Psychopathy, and Machiavellianism in Youth: An Examination of Associations with Antisocial Behavior and Aggression." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2010. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1253.
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This study sought to explore the differential associations of CU traits, narcissistic traits, and Machiavellian traits with overt aggression, relational aggression, delinquency, behavioral dysregulation, and emotional dysregulation in a community sample of boys and girls (ages 11-17). Results indicated that the three personality traits were significantly correlated with each other, yet distinct. CU traits, narcissistic traits, and Machiavellian traits demonstrated different unique associations with behavior problems. Specifically, narcissistic traits showed the strongest unique associations with overt aggression, relational aggression, behavioral dysregulation, and emotional dysregulation. CU traits showed the second strongest unique associations with overt aggression, delinquency and behavioral dysregulation, but were not associated with relational aggression or emotional dysregulation. Lastly, Machiavellian traits showed a strong unique association with emotional dysregulation, but were not uniquely associated with externalizing behavior problems. These findings have implications for intervention with aggressive and antisocial youth.
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Wareham, Jennifer J. "Strain, Personality Traits, and Deviance among Adolescents: Moderating Factors." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001212.
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Ray, James V. "Psychopathy, Attitudinal Beliefs, and White Collar Crime." Scholar Commons, 2007. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3889.
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Psychopathy has become a highly researched personality disorder in order to better understand criminal and violent behavior (Hare, 1993). Measures of psychopathy have proven to be useful tools in predicting outcomes of institutionalized populations by predicting future dangerousness (Hare, 1999). While several experts in the field of psychopathy allude to the idea of the successful psychopath and their presence in the corporate world (Hare, 1993; Babiak & Hare, 2006), very little research has been done in this area. The current study builds upon the small amount of empirical research by testing hypotheses regarding the relationship between psychopathic personality traits and intentions to engage in white collar crime. Using a sample of 181 university students, psychopathic personality traits were measured using the Psychopathic Personality Inventory - Revised (PPI-R). In addition, scales were developed to measure attitudes toward white collar offending and vignettes were constructed to measures intentions to engage in white collar crime. Four relationships are of primary focus: 1.) Do psychopathic personality traits account for variability in attitudes toward white collar crime?; 2.) Do attitudes toward white collar crime correlate with intentions to engage in white collar crime?; 3.) Are psychopathic personality traits related to intentions to offend and?; 4.) Do attitudes toward offending mediate the relationship between psychopathy and intentions to offend? A major finding is that the Self-Centered Impulsivity factor of the PPI-R accounts for a significant amount of variance in intentions to engage in white collar crime and environmental crime. Additional relationships between psychopathy, attitudes, and intentions are also discussed.
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Love, Ashley Brett. "Okanagan The relations between subjective well-being, psychopathy, and the NEO big five personality traits." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30458.
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Psychopathy is a personality disorder characterized by the manipulative use of others, callousness, shallow affect, lack of empathy, pathological lying, egocentricity, superficial charm, and impulsive behaviour. The present study investigated the relation between psychopathy and subjective well-being in 436 undergraduates. Subjective well-being was defined as high levels of positive affect and life satisfaction and low levels of negative affect. Participants rated their levels of subjective well-being using the Oxford Happiness Inventory, Satisfaction With Life Scale, Faces Scales (assessing both momentary and overall happiness), Subjective Happiness Scale, Scale of Eudaimonic Well-Being, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Psychopathy was assessed using two self report measures: The Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scales (LSRP) and the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale III R-12 (SRP-III). Personality was measured using the 60 item NEO Five-Factor Inventory. Psychopathy was associated with high levels of depression and negative affect and low levels of life satisfaction, happiness, and positive affect. Scores on the two psychopathy measures (LSRP and SRP-III) accounted for significant portions of the variance in depression (16.6%), negative affect (18.5%), life satisfaction (13.8%), happiness (6.1-20%) and positive affect (11.3%). However, psychopathy failed to account for variance in these measures of well-being above and beyond the variance accounted for by the Big Five personality traits. These results are consistent with the position that personality disorders can be conceptualized as a constellation of extreme levels of normative personality traits. The factor structure of psychopathy was examined using confirmatory factor analysis and the data supported the two-factor model of psychopathy over the more recent four-factor model. This study represents one of the first attempts to investigate subjective well-being in individuals with psychopathy. Implications and directions for future research were also discussed.
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Kabat, Robert. "Dark Triad Personality Traits Prediction of Managers' Mind-set in Business Organizations." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6841.
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Presence of the Dark Triad traits of Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy in the workplace, especially among managers, has received increased attention due to the implications for organizations. One way to influence behavior in business organizations is through controlled interventions to change individual mind-sets. A review of the extant literature indicated that the relationship between Dark Triad traits and mind-set had not been sufficiently examined. A quantitative study was conducted to examine whether a manager's Dark Triad traits predict their mindset. To explore this relationship, a sample of 153 managers' responses was collected online. The Short Dark Triad measure was used to assess participants' Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy and the Implicit Theory Measure was used to assess mind-set. Regression showed that only Machiavellianism predicts mind-set, accounting for 7% of the variance in mind-set as the criterion variable. The findings indicate that the relationship between Dark Triad traits and mind-set is weaker than a review of the extant psychological literature might suggest. Additionally, this study found that the Dark Triad traits are significantly negatively correlated with manager age, which might provide a new direction for further research. Further research on how and why Dark Triad traits tend to decline with age is recommended. The present study suggests that a better understanding of the relationship between the Dark Triad traits and mind-set and the knowledge that controlled interventions aimed at promoting a growth mind-set are most likely not a useful tool to mitigate the level of Dark Triad psychological traits of managers in business organizations.
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Golmaryami, Farrah N. "The Romantic Relationships of Young Adults with Elevated Callous-Unemotional Traits." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2016. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2255.
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Callous-unemotional (CU) traits, an affective component of psychopathy, are associated with problematic outcomes in social relationships in adolescents. However, their association with problematic romantic relationships in young adults has not been the focus of research. In a community sample of 216 college students (167 females) between the ages of 18 to 50, the current study examined the association between CU traits and several important romantic relationship outcomes. Results indicated that CU traits showed positive associations with dominance and partner’s perceived submissiveness, but negative associations with relationship satisfaction, even after controlling for impulsivity and antisocial behavior. On the other hand, antisocial behavior showed unique positive associations with short-term mating, psychological aggression towards partner, and partner’s perceived CU traits, even after controlling for CU traits. Further, results indicated that CU traits, impulsivity, and antisocial behavior showed positive associations with physical aggression towards partner. However, once these variables were entered in a multiple regression model simultaneously, none of these associations remained significant, suggesting it is the shared variance across these three variables that accounts for physical aggression. Implications for research and treatment are discussed.
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Wee, Pei-Ing, and 黃佩櫻. "The relationship between psychopathic personality traits and relational aggression." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84237369850363847400.
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碩士中原大學
心理學研究所
100
The present research studies the relationship between psychopathic personality traits and relational aggression while considering their distinct subtypes, forms and functions. The sample is 339 undergraduate students between the ages of 18 and 23, distributed across the north, middle, and south of Taiwan. Four valid and reliable questionnaires were used and results were analyzed with methods of descriptive analysis, t test, correlation analysis, and stepwise regression analysis. Research findings support that there are indeed distinct relationships between psychopathic personality subtypes and relational aggression subtypes. Moreover, after controlling for social desirability and the overlapping of physical aggression and relational aggression, the present study confirmed two of the four research hypotheses. Presenting that (1) primary psychopathic personality traits correlate positively with proactive relational aggression, and (2) secondary psychopathic personality traits correlate positively with reactive relational aggression. Therefore the present findings show that there are unique predictive relationships between psychopathic personality traits and relational aggression among undergraduate students in Taiwan.
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"Predicting Behavior from Psychopathic and Antisocial Personality Traits in a Student Sample." East Tennessee State University, 2008. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0227108-202837/.
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O'Leary, Megan M. "Psychopathic personality traits and cortisol response to stress the role of sex and type of stressor /." 2008. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11012008-072033.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Florida State University, 2008.Advisor: Jeanette Taylor, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Psychology. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Jan. 30, 2009). Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 37 pages. Includes bibliographical references.
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Basque, Catherine. "Traits psychopathiques et délinquance autorapportée chez des adolescents suivis en Centre jeunesse." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5509.
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Cette thèse porte sur les traits de personnalité associés aux comportements délinquants. De façon plus spécifique, elle s’intéresse à la contribution des traits de personnalité psychopathiques évalués à l’adolescence pour prédire les conduites délinquantes au début de l’âge adulte, lorsque sont également considérés des indices comportementaux. Elle s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une étude longitudinale plus large destinée à décrire les adolescents des Centres jeunesse du Québec. Aux fins de la thèse, un sous-groupe de jeunes, de sexe masculin, a été sélectionné : ces jeunes présentent un trouble des conduites ou ont manifesté des comportements délinquants au cours de l’adolescence. Cette sélection vise à cerner les adolescents les plus susceptibles de présenter des traits psychopathiques, eu égard à la faible prévalence du trouble dans la population générale. Quarante-huit adolescents ont accepté de participer à l'entrevue utilisant la PCL-SV (Psychopathy Checklist Screening Version). Un premier volet de la thèse valide, au Québec, une version française d’une mesure de la psychopathie adaptée à l'adolescence, la PCL-SV. Les indices de fidélité et de validité sont satisfaisants et comparables à ce qui est rapporté avec d’autres versions de la PCL auprès d’adolescents et d’adultes. Les résultats appuient la pertinence de son utilisation auprès des adolescents. Un second volet du projet porte sur la contribution d’une mesure des traits psychopathiques à l’adolescence à la prédiction des conduites délinquantes au début de l’âge adulte. Les traits psychopathiques, tels qu’évalués à l’aide de la PCL-SV, sont un apport significatif aux indices de comportements délinquants dans la prédiction des conduites délinquantes autorapportées deux ans plus tard. Finalement, un dernier volet explore une approche dimensionnelle dans la conceptualisation de la psychopathie, sous l’angle d’un modèle général de la personnalité : le Modèle à cinq facteurs (MCF). Ce volet porte sur la capacité de ce modèle, alternative au modèle catégoriel, à distinguer des jeunes au plan de la gravité de leur délinquance. Les jeunes présentant une délinquance distinctive ont une plus forte propension à rechercher les sensations fortes que ceux dont la délinquance est générale. Les résultats mettent en lumière l’importance d’une composante d’impulsivité comme élément caractéristique d’un sous-groupe de jeunes présentant une délinquance distinctive. L’étude appuie l’utilisation d’un modèle général de la personnalité pour cerner des traits associés à la psychopathie, permettant ainsi d’identifier un noyau dur de délinquants. L’ensemble du projet permet d’établir la valeur ajoutée d’une mesure des traits psychopathiques à l’adolescence pour la prédiction des conduites délinquantes. Il met en lumière l’importance d’une composante d’impulsivité chez les jeunes impliqués dans une délinquance distinctive. C’est l’une des rares études longitudinales s’intéressant à la délinquance autorapportée et à la psychopathie sous l’angle des facettes du MCF chez des adolescents. Il y a une telle hétérogénéité parmi les jeunes délinquants qu’une mesure valide de la psychopathie à l’adolescence permettra une identification plus fiable des jeunes susceptibles de poursuivre leur trajectoire criminelle à l’âge adulte. Les implications cliniques des résultats et les recommandations pour des recherches futures sont reprises dans la conclusion de l’ouvrage.This thesis is interested in personality traits associated with delinquent behavior. More specifically, it seeks to clarify the contribution of psychopathic personality traits assessed in adolescence to predict antisocials behaviors in early adulthood, when are also considered behavioral indices. It is part of a broader longitudinal study aimed at describing adolescents in the care of Quebec Youth Centres. For research purposes, a subgroup of young males has been selected; those with a conduct disorder or who have exhibited delinquent behaviors during adolescence. The purpose of such a selection was to identify young people who are most likely to have psychopathic traits, given the low prevalence of the disorder in the general population. Forty-eight teenagers have agreed to participate in the interview using the PCL-SV (Psychopathy Checklist Screening Version). A first shutter of the thesis validates, in Quebec, a French version of a measurement of psychopathy adapted for a use with teenagers, the PCL-SV. Results show indices of fidelity and validity satisfactory and comparable with what is brought back with other versions of the PCL used with teenagers and adults. They support the relevance of its use with teenagers. A second part of the dissertation verifies the contribution of psychopathic traits in adolescence to predict antisocial conduct in early adulthood. Results show that psychopathic traits, as measured by the PCL-SV, make a significant contribution above and beyond indices of delinquent behavior to predict self-reported antisocial conduct two years later. Finally, a last chapter explores a dimensional approach in the conceptualization of psychopathy, in terms of a general model of personality: the Five Factor Model (FFM). It seeks to determine its ability to distinguish youths with conduct disorders in terms of the severity of their delinquency. Results show that youths with a serious delinquency have a higher propensity to seek sensations than those whose delinquency is weak. Results highlight the importance of impulsivity as a characteristic element of a subgroup of youths with serious delinquency. The study supports the use of a general model of personality to capture features associated with psychopathy and to identify a hard core of delinquents. The entire project establishes the added-value of a measure of psychopathic traits in adolescence in predicting antisocial behavior. It highlights the importance of a component of impulsivity among youth involved in serious delinquency. This is one of the few longitudinal studies concerned with self-reported delinquency and psychopathy in terms of the facets of the FFM in adolescents. There is such heterogeneity among young offenders; a valid measure of psychopathy in adolescence will allow more specific types and a more reliable identification of young people likely to continue their criminal career into adulthood. Clinical implications of the findings and recommendations for future research are included in the conclusion of the thesis.
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Paquette, Eve. "Des pensées criminelles et des traits de personnalité de fraudeurs incarcérés, sous l’angle de la psychopathie." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4446.
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L’élaboration de programme d’interventions propres aux fraudeurs soulève la question de la particularité de leur personnalité. Des écrits suggèrent que la personnalité des fraudeurs présenterait des similitudes avec les traits psychopathiques. L’objectif de l’étude est donc de décrire et d’explorer ces traits chez des fraudeurs spécialisés incarcérés, et ce, à l’aide des questionnaires Psychopathic Personality Inventory (PPI) et Psychological Inventory of Criminal Thinking Styles (PICTS). Trois groupes de détenus (35 hommes, 17 femmes) ont rempli les questionnaires: fraudeurs spécialisés (n=23), autres délinquants sans crimes violents (ASV, n=19) et autres délinquants avec crimes violents (AAV, n=10). Un groupe d’étudiants (n=430) a aussi complété le PPI, permettant ainsi d’ajouter un groupe de comparaison. Les analyses ont permis de constater que le groupe de fraudeurs diffère peu des autres groupes quant à leurs traits psychopathiques. Cependant, ils sont moins enclins que le groupe d’AAV à adopter des pensées criminelles, fréquentes chez les psychopathes.Developping specific intervention programmes for frauds raises the issue of personality characteristics. Studies suggest that the personality of fraudsters presents certain similarities with psychopathic traits. The goal of the study is to describe and explore the personality of incarcerated specialized fraudsters by using psychometric tests such as the Psychopathic Personality Inventory (PPI) and the Psychological Inventory of Criminal Thinking Styles (PICTS). Three groups of inmates (35 men, 17 women) completed the questionnaires: fraud specialists (n = 23), offenders who committed non-violent crimes (n = 19) and offenders who committed violent crimes (n= 10). A group of students (n = 430) also completed the PPI, thereby adding a comparison group. Analyses revealed few differences between the psychopathic traits of fraudsters and those of the other groups' respondents. However, it was revealed that fraudsters were less likely to adopt criminal thoughts, common in psychopaths, than are the respondents from the AAV group.
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Mauda, Lesley Takalani. "'Dark triad' personality traits and risky sexual behaviour." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/3310.
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Thesis (M.A. ( Clinical Psychology)) -- University of Limpopo, 2013This study investigated the relationship between the ‘dark triad’ personality traits and risky sexual behaviour (sociosexuality), and the effect of gender on the relationship. Participants consisted of two hundred and twenty-two (222) University of Limpopo students. Correlation analysis results indicate that, among males, primary psychopathy is positively associated with overall sociosexuality and secondary psychopathy is negatively associated with the behavioural component of sociosexualiy. Primary, secondary and overall psychopathy was positively related to risky sexual behaviour (sociosexuality). However, Machiavellianism, narcissism and overall psychopathy were not related to all dimensions of sociosexuality. Regression analysis results revealed that very few ‘dark triad’ personality traits have the capacity to predict risky sexual behaviour (sociosexuality). High risk socio-sexual behavioural features were predicted by the ‘dark triad’ personality traits mostly among females than among males. There were comparatively more factors associated with risky sexual behaviour among females than males in this sample. Generally, the ‘dark triad’ personality traits varied in relating with features of risky sexual behaviour. The nature of the relationship of ‘dark triad’ personality traits depends on the particular type of risky sexual behaviour. This is contrary to previous empirical findings that suggest that, when measured in a normal sample, correlates of the ‘dark triad’ personality traits will be the same. Recommendations were made on the basis of the results. Key words: ‘dark triad’, narcissism, psychopathy, Machiavellianism, sociosexuality.
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Silva, Nádia Vanessa Martins. "Psicopatia e traços da personalidade em estudantes universitários." Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10437/1256.
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Orientação: João Pedro OliveiraNo presente estudo é investigada a existência de relações entre a psicopatia e os traços de personalidade em estudantes universitários. Este estudo tem como objectivo o estabelecimento de correlações entre os traços psicopáticos e as dimensões da personalidade decorrentes do Modelo dos Cinco Factores em estudantes universitários. A amostra é constituída por 400 estudantes universitários, provenientes de várias universidades da zona de Lisboa, de vários cursos universitários e de ambos os sexos, de forma aleatória. As idades dos sujeitos constituintes da amostra estão compreendidas entre os 17 e os 46 anos de idade (M = 24,26 e DP = 4,435). Por forma a atingir o objectivo proposto para este estudo, recorreu-se à aplicação de um questionário sócio-demográfico e de três medidas de avaliação, nomeadamente: a Escala PDS (Paulhus Deception Scale) de Delroy L. Paulhus, Ph.D. (1998), a Escala LSRP (Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale) de Levenson, Kiehl e Fitzpatrick (1995) e o Inventário NEO-PI-R (Inventário de Personalidade NEO Revisto) de Costa e McCrae (1992), sendo que existe a aferição desta medida de avaliação para a população portuguesa dos autores Lima e Simões (1997). De acordo com os resultados obtidos, podemos constatar que existem associações significativas entre as dimensões da Personalidade e as dimensões da Psicopatia. Verificou-se que os indivíduos que possuem índices elevados de Neuroticismo e baixos indíces de Extroversão e Abertura à Experiência possuem uma maior propensão para apresentarem características psicopáticas. Por outro lado, também se constatou que os indivíduos que possuem baixos índices de Amabilidade e Conscienciosidade apresentam também uma maior probabilidade de possuírem características psicopáticas.
In the present study, it is investigated the existence of relationships between psychopathy and personality traits in university students. The goal of this study is the establishment of correlations between psychopathic traits and the personality dimensions, recurring from the five factor model in university students. The sample is composed by 400 university students, from various universities in the Lisbon area, from different courses and from both genders, randomly picked. The ages of the subjects in the sample are in between 17 and 46 years old (M = 24,26 and SD = 4,435). By means of reaching the goal proposed for this study, there were applied a socio-demographic questionnaire and three evaluation measures, namely the PDS Scale (Paulhus Deception Scale) from Delroy L. Paulhus, Ph.D. (1998), the LSRP Scale (Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale) from Levenson, Kiehl e Fitzpatrick (1995) and the NEO-PI-R Inventory (Revised NEO Personality Inventory) from de Costa e McCrae (1992), as there is an admeasurement from this measure for the portuguese population from authors Lima e Simões (1997). Considering the obtained results, we can state that there exist significant associations between the Personality dimensions and the Psychopathy dimensions. It was verified that the individuals that possess high indexes of Neuroticism and low indexes of Extroversion and Openness, have a higher propensity to present psychopathic characteristics. On the other hand, it was also found that the individuals that possess low indexes of Lovability and Consciousness also present a higher probability of having psychopathic characteristics.