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Books on the topic 'Psychosocial predictors of medical use'
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1
Cutler, Janis L. Psychiatric Assessment and Treatment Planning. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199326075.003.0001.
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This chapter presents the elements of a psychiatric assessment. After hearing the patient’s chief complaint, the physician elicits the patient’s history of the present illness (a chronological, systematic description of the patient’s signs and symptoms) past psychiatric history, medical history, psychosocial history, family history, and review of systems. The physician also obtains the patient’s mental status examination, which is an objective description of his or her current mental state. Integration of the patient’s history and objective findings results in a comprehensive descriptive and diagnostic impression, which summarizes patterns of data, predicts prognosis, and suggests appropriate treatment options. Use of a biopsychosocial and cultural perspective produces a psychiatric assessment that considers the patient’s strengths and vulnerabilities in relation to his or her cultural group.
2
Pediatric Psychopharmacology: Combining Medical and Psychosocial Interventions. American Psychological Association (APA), 2002.
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3
MacDougall, Jill, and P. Stanley Yoder. Contaminating Theatre: Intersections of Theatre, Therapy, and Public Health (Psychosocial Issues). Northwestern University Press, 1998.
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(Editor), Jill MacDougall, and P. Stanley Yoder (Editor), eds. Contaminating Theatre: Intersections of Theatre, Therapy, and Public Health (Psychosocial Issues). Northwestern University Press, 1998.
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5
Behind The Eight Ball: Sex For Crack Cocaine Exchange And Poor Black Women (Haworth Psychosocial Issues of HIV/AIDS) (Haworth Psychosocial Issues of HIV/AIDS). Haworth Press, 2005.
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6
Wilkens, Jeff, and Shahla J. Modir. Integrative Approach to Alcohol Use Disorder. Edited by Shahla J. Modir and George E. Muñoz. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190275334.003.0004.
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Integrative medicine has the potential to augment traditional medical treatment of alcohol use disorders (as defined by the DSM-5), while also providing a basis for primary and secondary prevention of alcohol-use disorders (AUD). The chapter provides the reader with a review of the effects of alcohol on the human brain and body—including how chronic heavy alcohol use produces disproportionate changes throughout the brain that may result in the development of AUD, the influence of genetics on an individual’s sensitivity or insensitivity to alcohol, how traditional medicine balances medications that reduce craving for alcohol with psychosocial therapies, and how exercise, healthy diet, meditation, yoga, mindfulness, acupuncture, and neurofeedback may augment traditional medical treatment and contribute to primary and secondary prevention of AUD.
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Daley, Dennis C., and Antoine B. Douaihy. Managing Substance Use Disorder. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190926717.001.0001.
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This practitioner guide reviews screening, assessment, and treatment of substance use disorders (SUDs). It is designed to accompany Managing Your Substance Use Disorder: Client Workbook and A Family Guide to Coping with Substance Use Disorders. The latter guide was added because each person with a SUD affects the family and concerned significant others. The information and strategies that the authors present can be used with clients who have any type of SUD. The guide focuses on strategies to reduce or stop substance use and change behaviors that challenge recovery. The information presented is derived from research, clinical, and recovery literature and from the authors’ extensive experience developing and managing a large continuum of clinical services, providing direct care, conducting quality improvement initiatives, participating in clinical trials, and teaching all disciplines in a large medical center and the community. This guide discusses professional approaches and attitudes toward individuals with SUDs, assessment, diagnostic formulation, psychosocial and pharmacotherapeutic treatments, and mutual support programs. It provides an overview of the recovery and relapse processes and practical strategies to address issues associated with SUDs. This guide is for practitioners from any discipline who encounter individuals with SUDs in addiction, mental health, psychiatric, private practice, or other settings such as social services and the criminal justice system. Even medical practitioners who do not specialize in addiction treatment can benefit from the information in this guide because individuals with SUDs are found in all types of healthcare settings.
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Cohen, Stacy A., Margaret M. Haglund, and Larissa J. Mooney. Treatment Options for Older Adults with Substance-Use Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392063.003.0010.
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Due to co-occurring medical disorders, psychosocial differences, functional and cognitive limitations related to aging, and the potential for multiple medication interactions, unique considerations must be made when addressing the diagnosis and treatment of SUDs among the elderly. Better information is needed on all fronts, from initial screening and assessment, to triaging to appropriate levels of care, to behavioral therapies and pharmacological treatment. Guidelines should help direct providers, families, and patients identify appropriate and individualized treatment programs. Encouragingly, outcomes appear to be as good, if not better, in the older population than in younger adults treated for SUDs. As the “baby boomer” population ages, more older adults will need treatment for illicit drug use, alcoholism, and the misuse of prescription medications. Greater education and awareness of this growing problem will increase attention paid by clinicians and policymakers allocating resources to address the treatment of SUDs in the older population.
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Hechtman, Lily, ed. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190213589.001.0001.
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The book provides a comprehensive summary of the best known and most highly respected well-controlled long-term prospective follow-up studies in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). These studies followed children with ADHD and matched controls into young adulthood (mean age 20–25 years) and middle age (mean age 41 years). They explore a wide variety of clinically relevant outcome areas, such as education, occupation, emotional and psychiatric functioning, substance use and abuse, sexual behavior, and legal problems. One chapter focuses particularly on the outcome of girls with ADHD. The book also explores possible predictors of adult outcome. A whole chapter is devoted to treatment (medication and psychosocial) as a predictor of outcome. In addition to treatment, predictors explored include characteristics of the child (e.g., IQ, severity of initial ADHD symptoms, initial comorbidity) and characteristics of the family (e.g., socioeconomic status, single parenthood, parental pathology, and family functioning). A summary chapter explores the impact and importance of these predictors in various outcome areas, such as education, occupation, emotional/social functioning, antisocial behavior, substance use and abuse, and risky sexual and driving behaviors. Professionals and the general public will come away with a clear view of what can happen to children with ADHD as they proceed through adolescence and adulthood. The book also addresses important prognostic and predictive factors in treatment approaches to ensure better long-term outcome in patients with ADHD.
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Zanarini, Mary. In the Fullness of Time. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780195370607.001.0001.
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Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is still seen in many settings as a chronic disorder. This book details the ways that it is symptomatically a “good prognosis” diagnosis. This is particularly seen in the high rate of remissions of BPD and its constituent symptoms. The rate of suicide is also good news, as it is half the expected rate from four follow-back studies conducted in the 1980s. Areas with a more guarded prognosis, particularly for those who have not recovered, are poor physical health and poor vocational adjustment. In addition, rates of other deaths are increasing and have surpassed the rate of deaths by suicide. This book covers the following topics: History of the borderline diagnosis, models of the core features of BPD, earlier studies of the longitudinal course of BPD, the McLean Study of Adult Development (MSAD), the symptoms of BPD assessed in MSAD, the long-term course of the symptoms of BPD, symptomatic remissions and recurrences of the borderline diagnosis, prevalence and predictors of physically self-destructive acts over time, additional symptom areas over time, psychosocial functioning over time, recovery from BPD, predictors of time-to-remission and recovery, co-occurring disorders over time, mental health treatment over time, physical health and medical treatment, adult victimization over time, sexual issues over time, defense mechanisms over time, and new directions.
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Ashley, Kenneth, Daniel Safin, and Mary Ann Cohen. A Biopsychosocial Approach to Psychiatric Consultation in Persons with HIV and AIDS. Edited by Mary Ann Cohen, Jack M. Gorman, Jeffrey M. Jacobson, Paul Volberding, and Scott Letendre. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392742.003.0011.
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Persons with HIV and other severe and complex medical illness referred for psychiatric evaluation deserve a comprehensive and empathic psychosocial assessment. A biopsychosocial approach to care considers each individual in the context of family, community, and society. Such an evaluation may have implications regarding health, coordinated care, adherence, and risk reduction. This chapter provides a review of the elements and process of a comprehensive psychiatric consultation in both the inpatient and outpatient settings. Some elements discussed include assessment of history and current psychiatric symptoms, illness, and care; alcohol and other drug use; suicidality; childhood and later trauma and intimate partner violence; spirituality; sexuality; sexual orientation; gender identity; sexual pleasure; and sexual health promotion. A comprehensive psychosocial and psychiatric examination also includes a complete cognitive evaluation and cultural formulation interview, and history of discrimination. Also addressed is the potential role of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders in an individual’s psychiatric health.
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Cheatle, Martin, and Perry G. Fine, eds. Facilitating Treatment Adherence in Pain Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190600075.001.0001.
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One of the most distressing features of a healthcare providers practice is that of patient nonadherence. Adherence refers to an active, voluntary, collaborative involvement of the patient in a mutually acceptable course of behavior to produce a desired preventative or therapeutic result. Most of the research in the area of medical adherence has been focused on medication adherence or increasing the likelihood that a patient will take their medications as prescribed by their physician. Adherence also has a broader application with regards to patient behaviors that can either support or undermine a positive response to prescribed therapies.In the field of pain medicine there are a number of evidence-based interventions that can improve an individual’s pain, mood and functionality, but this depends highly on the patient adhering to the prescribed treatment regimens.This book will provide a practically oriented guide to understanding the conceptual models of adherence and non-adherence and methods to improve adherence, to both pharmacotherapy and psychosocial pain management strategies. Topics include the use of biometrics to measure and promote adherence, employing novel psychosocial techniques to improve adherence to pain management and healthy lifestyle interventions and the ethical considerations of patient and clinician nonadherence.
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Kropf, Nancy P., and Sherry M. Cummings. Problem-Solving Therapy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190214623.003.0005.
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Problem-solving therapy (PST) is a psychosocial intervention that teaches clients to cope with the stress of “here-and-now” problems in order to reduce negative health and mental health outcomes. In this chapter, the six stages of PST—problem orientation, problem definition, solution generation, decision-making, solution implementation, and outcome evaluation—are explained and exemplified via vignettes. Areas for which problem-solving therapy has been found useful are summarized, including depression, anxiety, relationship difficulties, and distress related to medical problems such as cancer and diabetes. The chapter describes contexts for practice, including primary care and home care, as well as adaptations for the use of PST with older adults. Finally, a case example of a problem-solving intervention with an unemployed depressed older man is presented to illustrate this approach.
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Unger, Annemarie, Gabriele Fischer, and Loretta P. Finnegan. Drug Dependence During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period. Edited by Amy Wenzel. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199778072.013.27.
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The chaotic lives of women who are drug dependent and their frequent lack of consistent prenatal care put them at risk for many medical problems during pregnancy. Illicit drug use during pregnancy also places women at increased risk for obstetrical complications. The complexity of medical problems in the pregnant drug abuser is complicated by the attendant psychosocial problems and psychiatric comorbidities seen in this population. Psychiatric diagnoses, treatment, and patient compliance are often hindered when the main focus of attention is on drug-related problems. The stigma associated with maternal drug use and difficult life circumstances are additional burdens to successful treatment entry and adherence for women. The basis for stabilizing most opioid-dependent pregnant women is agonist maintenance therapy in the context of comprehensive services, and the treatment of psychiatric comorbidities is a key component in optimizing pregnancy and child outcomes.
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Yabroff, K. Robin, Gery P. Guy, Matthew P. Banegas, and Donatus U. Ekwueme. The Economic Burden of Cancer in the United States. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190238667.003.0010.
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With an aging and growing population and improved early detection and survival following diagnosis in the United States, the number of cancer survivors and prevalence of survivorship are expected to increase. Based on population trends, national expenditures for cancer care are projected to increase from $124.6 billion in 2010 to $157.8 billion in 2020. This chapter describes the economic burden of cancer, including direct costs, resulting from the use of resources for medical care for cancer; indirect costs, resulting from the loss of economic resources and opportunities associated with morbidity and mortality due to cancer and its treatment; and psychosocial or intangible costs, such as pain and suffering. Consistent with the intensity of treatment for initial care, recurrence, and end-of-life care, costs are highest in the initial period following diagnosis and, among patients who die from their disease, at the end of life, following a U-shaped curve.
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Riley, Richard D., Danielle van der Windt, Peter Croft, and Karel G. M. Moons, eds. Prognosis Research in Health Care. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198796619.001.0001.
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What is going to happen to me, doctor?’ ‘What outcomes am I likely to experience?’ ‘Will this treatment work for me?’ Prognosis—forecasting the future—has always been a part of medical practice and caring for the sick. In modern healthcare it now has a new importance, with large financial investments being made to personalize clinical decisions and tailor treatment strategies to improve individual health outcomes based on prognostic information. Prognosis research—the study of future outcomes in people with a particular health condition—provides the critical evidence for obtaining, evaluating, and implementing prognostic information within modern healthcare. This new book, written and edited by experts in the field, including clinicians, epidemiologists, statisticians, and other healthcare professionals, is a comprehensive and unified account of prognosis research in the broadest sense. It explains the concepts behind prognosis in medical practice and prognosis research, and provides a practical foundation for those developing, conducting, interpreting, synthesizing, and appraising prognosis studies. It recommends a framework of four basic prognosis research types, pioneered by the PROGRESS group, and provides explicit guidance on the conduct, analysis, and reporting of prognosis studies for each type. Key topics are overall prognosis in clinically relevant populations; prognostic factors associated with changes in prognosis across individuals; prognostic models for individual outcome risk prediction; and predictors of treatment effects. Examples are given of the impact of prognosis research across a broad range of healthcare topics, and the book also signals the latest developments in prognosis research, including systematic reviews and meta-analysis of prognosis studies, and the use of electronic health records and machine learning in prognosis research.
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AlJaroudi, Wael. Risk Assessment in Acute Coronary Syndromes. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392094.003.0013.
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Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) include unstable angina pectoris (UAP), non-ST elevation (NSTEMI), and ST elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI). Each year, more than 2 million people are hospitalized with ACS in the United States. The initial treatment has evolved over the last few decades from conservative management to early reperfusion therapy. Medical therapy has also significantly changed with the use of newer more potent antiplatelet agents, beta-blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, statins, and anti-anginal drugs, which have resulted in improvement of patient care and survival. There is no role for stress myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in the acute presentation; however, rest MPI may be used to identify the culprit lesion and risk stratify patients if injected during chest pain. In stable patients for ACS, submaximal exercise or vasodilator MPI can be performed as early as 48 hours after the event. Several gated MPI-derived variables such as left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF), LV volumes, infarct size, mechanical dyssynchrony, and residual ischemic burden can risk stratify patients and provide prognostic data incremental to validated clinical risk scores such as GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Syndrome) and TIMI (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction). Patients with depressed LVEF, remodeled LV, and large perfusion defects are at particularly high- risk for subsequent cardiac death or recurrent myocardial infarction. In such setting, MPI plays a pivotal role in the management of patients and guiding therapeutic decisions. The current chapter will review the clinical and MPI predictors of outcomes in patients presenting with ACS according to updated guidelines and a proposed algorithm integrating the role of MPI in guiding therapeutic decisions and management.
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Feinstein, Robert, Joseph Connelly, and Marilyn Feinstein, eds. Integrating Behavioral Health and Primary Care. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190276201.001.0001.
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This book describes real-world examples and practical approaches for integrating behavioral and physical health services in primary care and some specialty medical environments. Integrated care models are patient-centered; delivered by teams of medical professionals, utilize care coordination, and a population-based approach. This book is comfortably accessible to students, residents, faculty, and all mental health professionals, primary care and medical specialists who are working in ambulatory/office-based practices. We examine the integrated care literature and recommend applying collaborative care and other existing models of integrated care based on the existing evidence-based research. When there is no literature supporting a specific approach, our experts offer their ideas and take an aspirational approach about how to manage and treat specific behavioral disorder or problems. We assume the use of a fully integrated team staffing model while also recognizing this an ideal that may need modification based on local resources and practice cultures. The full integrated team includes a primary care or specialist provider(s), front desk staff, medical assistant(s), nurse(s), nurse practitioners, behavioral health specialist(s), health coaches, consulting psychiatrist, and care coordinator(s)/manager(s). The book has four sections: Part 1: Models of Integrated Care provides an overview of the principles and the framework of integrated care focusing on five highly successful integrated practices. We also discuss team-based care, financing, tele-behavioral health, and use of mental health assessments and outcome measures. Part 2: Integrative Care for Psychiatry and Primary Care is a review of existing and proposed models of integrated care for common psychiatric disorders. Our continuity approach emphasizes problem identification, differential diagnosis, brief treatment, and yearlong critical pathways with tables and figures detailing “how to” effectively deliver mental health care and manage substance misuse in an integrated care environment. Part 3: Integrated Care for Medical Sub-Specialties & Behavioral Medicine Conditions in Primary Care focuses on two models of integrating behavioral health care: (1) integrating wellness with behavioral health and (2) integrating psychiatry and neurology. Other chapters are “Women’s Mental Health Across the Reproductive Lifespan,” “Assessing and Treating Sexual Problems in an Integrated Care Environment,” “Integrated Chronic Pain and Psychiatric Management,” and “Death and Dying: Integrated Teams.” Part 4: Psychosocial Treatments in Integrated Care describes brief office-based counseling and psychosocial treatment approaches including: health coaching, crisis intervention, family, and group interventions. All of these brief treatment approaches are patient–centered, tailored to be used effectively integrated care settings and as an important contribution to population management.